As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on March 10, 2025
SECURITIES ACT FILE NO. 333-266297
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE NO. 811-22534
U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-2
| | REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 |
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| | PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. |
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| | POST-EFFECTIVE
AMENDMENT NO. 7 |
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AND/OR
| | REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 |
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| | AMENDMENT
NO. 33 |
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VERSUS CAPITAL REAL
ESTATE FUND LLC
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100
Denver, Colorado 80237
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area
Code: (877) 200-1878
William R. Fuhs, Jr.
c/o Versus Capital Advisors LLC
5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100
Denver, Colorado 80237
(303) 895-3773
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
COPY TO:
David C. Sullivan, Esq.
Ropes & Gray LLP
Prudential Tower
800 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 02199-3600
APPROXIMATE DATE OF PROPOSED PUBLIC OFFERING: As soon
as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
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☐ | Check box if the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans. |
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☒ | Check box if any securities being registered on this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan. |
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☐ | Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto. |
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☐ | Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act. |
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☐ | Check box if this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act. |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate
box)
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☐ | when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c) of the Securities Act |
The following boxes should only be included and completed
if the registrant is making this filing in accordance with Rule 486 under the Securities Act.
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☐ | immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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☒ | on
March 11, 2025 pursuant to paragraph (b) |
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☐ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a) |
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☐ | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a) |
If appropriate, check the following box:
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☐ | This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment registration statement. |
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☐ | This Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: ____. |
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☐ | This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: ______. |
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☐ | This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: _____. |
Check each box that appropriately characterizes
the Registrant:
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☒ | Registered Closed-End Fund (closed-end company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)). |
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☐ | Business Development Company (closed-end company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act). |
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☒ | Interval Fund (Registered Closed-End Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act). |
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☐ | A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form). |
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☐ | Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act). |
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☐ | Emerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”). |
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☐ | If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act. |
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☐ | New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing). |
Explanatory Note
This Registration Statement on Form N-2 is being filed
in order to make certain updates to the Fund’s Prospectus and Statement of
Additional Information.
PROSPECTUS
DATED March 11, 2025
VERSUS
CAPITAL REAL ESTATE FUND LLC
(formerly,
Versus Capital Multi-Manager Real Estate Income Fund LLC)
Shares
of Beneficial Interest: (VCMIX)
Versus
Capital Real Estate Fund LLC (the “Fund”) is a Delaware limited liability company registered under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), as a non-diversified, closed-end investment management company that
is operated as an interval fund. Shares of the Fund will be continuously offered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), and repurchased by the Fund on a quarterly basis in an amount not less than 5% nor more than 25% of the Fund’s outstanding
Shares, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act. See “Prospectus Summary – Quarterly Repurchases of Shares.”
The Fund has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
Investment
Objective. The Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek consistent
current income, while the Fund’s secondary objectives are capital preservation and long-term capital appreciation. The Fund’s
ability to achieve current income and/or long-term capital appreciation will be tempered by the investment objective of capital preservation.
Investment
Strategies. The Fund pursues its investment objectives primarily by investing in
(i) investments in third party private funds that themselves invest in real estate and in debt investments secured by real estate (collectively,
“Private Funds”), and (ii) domestic and international publicly traded real estate securities, such as common and preferred
stock of publicly listed real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) and publicly traded real estate debt securities (“Real
Estate Securities”, and together with Private Funds, “Real Estate-Related Investments”). Under normal market
conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Real Estate-Related
Investments. The Fund may obtain this exposure directly or through one or more wholly-owned and/or controlled subsidiaries that engage
in investment activities in securities or other assets and are treated as corporations or disregarded
entities for tax purposes (“Subsidiaries”). In addition,
the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets to gain exposure to other investments, including, without limitation, through (a) equity
investments in real estate and other real estate-related assets through a subsidiary that expects to elect to be taxed as a real estate
investment trust (the “VCMIX Sub-REIT”); (b) debt investments, including private debt associated with real estate, including
real estate-related loans originated by bank or non-bank lenders; and (c) originating and syndicating loans directly with real estate
companies or with projects focused on the management, development, construction, renovation, enhancement, maintenance and/or operation
of real estate.
Shares.
This Prospectus applies to the offering of a single class of shares of beneficial interest of the Fund (the “Shares”).
The Shares are continuously offered at the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) per Share as of the date that the request
to purchase Shares is received and accepted by or on behalf of the Fund. The Shares will not be listed on any securities exchange and
it is not anticipated that a secondary market for the Shares will develop. Moreover, these securities are subject to substantial restrictions
on transferability and may only be transferred or resold in accordance with the Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Fund (as amended
and restated from time to time, the “LLC Agreement”).
Investing
in the Shares involves risks that are described in the “Risk Factors” section of this Prospectus.
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The
Fund does not intend to list its Shares on any securities exchange during the offering period, and the Fund does not expect a secondary
market in the Shares to develop. Thus, an investment in the Fund may not be suitable for investors who may need the money they invest
in a specified timeframe.
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You
should not expect to be able to sell your Shares other than through the Fund’s repurchase offers, regardless of how the Fund performs.
If you are able to sell your Shares, other than through the Fund’s repurchase offers, you will likely receive less than your purchase
price.
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Even
though the Fund will offer to repurchase Shares on a quarterly basis, you should consider Shares of the Fund to be an illiquid investment.
There is no guarantee that you will be able to sell your Shares at any given time or in the quantity that you desire. |
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The
Shares are appropriate only for those investors who can tolerate risk and do not require a liquid investment. |
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The
Fund, the Subsidiaries, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, and the underlying Private Funds may utilize borrowings and financial leverage and significant
risks may be assumed as a result. See “Risk Factors – Leverage Risk.” |
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The
amount of distributions that the Fund may pay, if any, is uncertain. |
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The
Fund may pay distributions in significant part from sources that may not be available in the future and that are unrelated to the Fund’s
performance, such as from offering proceeds and borrowings. |
This
Prospectus sets forth the information that you should know about the Fund before investing. You are advised to read this Prospectus carefully
and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”),
dated July 29, 2024, has been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The SAI is incorporated
by reference into this Prospectus in its entirety. You can request a copy of the SAI, the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports
or other information about the Fund without charge or make other shareholder inquiries by writing to the Fund at 5050 S. Syracuse Street,
Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80237 or by calling (877) 200-1878. You can also obtain the SAI, the Fund’s annual and semi-annual
reports, and other information about the Fund on the Adviser’s website, located at www.versuscapital.com. The SAI, material incorporated
by reference, and other information about the Fund are also available on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov).
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful
or complete, nor have they made, nor will they make, any determination as to whether anyone should buy these securities. Any representation
to the contrary is a criminal offense. Shares are not deposits or obligations of, or guaranteed or
endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution and are not federally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,
the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.
Prospective
investors should not construe the contents of this Prospectus as legal, tax, financial or other advice. Each prospective investor should
consult with his, her or its own professional advisers as to the legal, tax, financial or other matters relevant to the suitability of
an investment in the Fund.
OFFERING
PROCEEDS
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Shares |
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At
current NAV |
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$0.00 |
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Amount
invested at current NAV |
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(1)
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An indefinite number of
Shares are offered on a best efforts basis and are offered on a continuous basis at a price equal to the Fund’s NAV per Share as
of the date that the request to purchase Shares is received and accepted by or on behalf of the Fund. The Shares do not carry a
“sales load” so the price to the public will equate to the proceeds to the Fund. The proceeds set forth herein have
not been reduced by the other expenses of issuance and distribution set forth in “Part C – Other Information –
Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.” |
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(2)
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The Shares are not subject
to a “sales load,” as defined in the Investment Company Act. See “Distribution Arrangements.” |
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(3)
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Foreside Funds Distributors
LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (dba ACA Group) (the “Distributor”), serves as the Fund’s
“statutory underwriter,” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and “principal underwriter,” within the meaning
of the Investment Company Act, and facilitates the distribution of the Shares. The Fund, the Adviser and/or the Distributor may authorize
one or more financial intermediaries (e.g., banks, broker/dealers, investment advisers, trusts, financial industry professionals, etc.,
collectively referred to as “Intermediaries” and individually as “Intermediary”) to receive orders and provide
certain related services on behalf of the Fund. Additionally, the Adviser has entered into distribution and/or servicing agreements to
compensate certain Intermediaries for distribution-related activities and/or for providing ongoing services in respect of clients to whom
they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such compensation to the Intermediaries is paid by the Adviser out of the Adviser’s own
resources and is not an expense of the Fund or Fund shareholders. These payments may create a conflict of interest for the Intermediaries
by providing an incentive to recommend the Fund’s shares over other potential investments that may also be appropriate for the clients
of such Intermediaries. These payments may also have the effect of increasing the Fund’s assets under management, which would increase
management fees payable to the Adviser. There is no limit on the amount of such compensation paid by the Adviser to the Intermediaries,
subject to the limitations imposed by FINRA. Such Intermediaries may provide varying investment products, programs, platforms and accounts
through which investors may purchase or participate in a repurchase of Shares of the Fund. Platform fees, administration fees, shareholder
services fees and sub-transfer agent fees are not paid by the Fund as compensation for any sales or distribution activities. |
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You
should rely only on the information contained in this Prospectus. The Fund has not authorized anyone to provide you with different information.
The Fund is not making an offer of securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information
provided by this Prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of this Prospectus.
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This
summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this Prospectus. It does not contain all of the information that may be important
to you and your investment decision. You should carefully read this entire Prospectus, including the matters set forth under “Risk
Factors,” and the Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”). In this Prospectus and the SAI, unless the context
otherwise requires, references to “the Fund,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Versus Capital
Real Estate Fund LLC.
The
Fund
Versus
Capital Real Estate Fund LLC (the “Fund”) is a Delaware limited liability company registered under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), as a non-diversified, closed-end investment management company
that is operated as an interval fund. Shares of the Fund will be continuously offered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”). Shares of the Fund have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that such shares will be listed
on a public exchange, and therefore should be treated by investors as an illiquid investment (see “Risk Factors” below in
this Prospectus). The Fund has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
Adviser
The
Fund’s investment adviser is Versus Capital Advisors LLC (the “Adviser”), a registered investment adviser under
the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). See “Management of the Fund – Adviser and
Investment Management Fee.” Headquartered in Denver, CO, the Adviser is an asset management firm that specializes in real asset
investing with approximately $4.94 billion in assets under management as of September 30, 2024. The Adviser has entered into
sub-advisory agreements with Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC (“PrinREI”) and Security Capital Research & Management
Incorporated (“Security Capital”) (each a “Sub-Adviser” and, collectively, the “Sub-Advisers”) in
connection with the management of a portion of the Fund’s assets. See “Management of the Fund – Sub-Advisers and Sub-Advisory
Fees.”
Continuous
Offering
The
Fund is offering shares of beneficial interest of the Fund (collectively, the “Shares”) on a continuous basis at the Fund’s
net asset value (“NAV”) per Share. The NAV per Share is computed by dividing the Fund’s NAV by the total number of Shares
outstanding at the time the determination is made.
Shares
of the Fund will be sold to: (i) institutional investors, including registered investment advisers (“RIAs”), banks, brokers/dealers,
trust companies or similar financial institutions investing for their own account or for accounts for which they act as a fiduciary and
have authority to make investment decisions (subject to certain limitations) and clients of such institutional investors that have accounts
for which such institutional investors are bound by an applicable fiduciary standard, and (ii) the executive officers, directors, general
partners, or employees of the Fund or the Adviser. The minimum initial investment per institutional investor of the Fund (including, with
respect to clause (i) above, cumulative investments of the clients of any institutional investor of the Fund) is $10 million
and the minimum for those investors referred to in clause (ii) above is $10,000. The Adviser has the authority to waive the minimum investment
requirements or allow investors in the Fund who do not fit the above descriptions under certain circumstances.
Investors
should carefully consider the Fund’s risks and investment objective, as an investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all
investors and is not designed to be a complete investment program. An investment in the Fund involves a high degree of risk. It is possible
that investing in the Fund may result in a loss of some or all of the amount invested. Before making an investment decision, investors
should (i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to an investor’s or a client’s investment objectives and
individual situation and (ii) consider factors such as an investor’s or a client’s net worth, income, age and risk tolerance.
Investment should be avoided where an investor (or an investor’s client) has a short-term investing horizon and/or cannot bear
the loss of some or all of their investment. Investing in the Shares involves risks that are described in the “Risk Factors”
section of this Prospectus.
The
Fund may close at any time to new investors and, during such closings, dividend reinvestment and additional or new Share purchases may
only be executed by institutions that are existing shareholders and their clients. Following any such closure, the Fund may re-open to
new investors and subsequently close again to new investors at any time at the discretion of the Adviser. Any such opening and closing
of the Fund will be disclosed to the investors via a supplement to this Prospectus.
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Foreside
Funds Distributors LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (dba ACA Group) (the “Distributor”), serves
as the Fund’s principal underwriter and distributor of the Fund’s Shares. The Adviser retains the right to approve any proposed
investor in the Fund prior to its purchase of Shares through the Distributor. In addition, both the Adviser and the Fund reserve the right
to reject any purchase order for any reason.
Interval
Fund
Shares
are not redeemable. The Fund is operated as an interval fund and, as such, has established a repurchase policy pursuant to Rule 23c-3
under the Investment Company Act that provides that each quarterly period the Fund will offer to repurchase not less than 5% nor more
than 25% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares. The Fund will not be required to repurchase Shares at a shareholder’s option nor
will Shares be exchangeable for units, interests or shares of any investment of the Fund. As a result, an investor may not be able to
sell or otherwise liquidate his, her or its Shares, whenever such investor would prefer. The Fund is intended for long-term investors
and the liquidity risk may be greater for investors expecting to sell their Shares in a relatively short period after purchase. If and
to the extent that a public trading market ever develops for the Shares, shares of closed-end investment companies frequently trade at
a discount from their NAV per Share and initial offering prices. For those investors that cannot bear risk of loss or relative lack of
liquidity, investment in the Fund may not be suitable. The Shares are appropriate only for those investors who can tolerate risk and do
not require a liquid investment. There is no assurance that you will be able to tender your Shares when
or in the amount that you desire. See “Quarterly Repurchases of Shares”, “Risk Factors – Interval Fund
Risk” and “– Liquidity Risk.”
Use
of Proceeds
The
Fund will invest the proceeds of the continuous offering of Shares on an ongoing basis in accordance with its investment objectives and
policies as stated below. In addition, for cash management purposes, the proceeds of this offering may be invested by the Fund in short-term,
high-quality debt securities, money market instruments, money market funds, and/or liquid real estate-focused exchange-traded funds, in
addition to, or in lieu of, investments consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and investment policy. See “Risk
Factors” for more discussion of the potential limitations on the Fund’s ability to invest consistent with its investment objectives
and investment policy.
Investment
Objectives and Strategies
The
Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek consistent current income, while the Fund’s secondary objectives are capital
preservation and long-term capital appreciation. The Fund’s ability to achieve current income and/or long-term capital appreciation
will be tempered by the investment objective of capital preservation. The Adviser seeks to achieve the Fund’s objective by investing
primarily in (i) investments in third party private funds that themselves invest in real estate and in debt investments secured by real
estate (i.e., private REITs) and investment funds and other pooled investment vehicles (collectively, “Private Funds”)),
and (ii) domestic and international publicly traded real estate securities, such as common and preferred stock of publicly listed REITs
and other real estate-related companies and publicly traded real estate debt securities (“Real Estate Securities”
and together with Private Funds, “Real Estate-Related Investments”). Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest
at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Real Estate-Related Investments. The Fund
may obtain this exposure directly or through one or more wholly-owned and/or controlled subsidiaries that engage in investment activities
in securities or other assets and are treated as corporations or disregarded entities for tax purposes
(“Subsidiaries”). In addition, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets to gain exposure to other investments,
including, without limitation, through (a) equity investments in real estate and other real estate-related assets through a subsidiary
that expects to elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (the “VCMIX Sub-REIT”); (b) debt investments, including
private debt associated with real estate, including real estate-related loans originated by bank or non-bank lenders; and (c) originating
and syndicating loans directly with real estate companies or with projects focused on the management, development, construction, renovation,
enhancement, maintenance and/or operation of real estate. The principal investment strategies of the Fund reflect the aggregate operations
of the Fund, its Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT.
The
Fund’s investment strategy seeks to attain portfolio stability and favorable risk-adjusted investment returns with a focus on income
and a low correlation to the publicly-traded equities markets. The Fund pursues its investment strategy by seeking to diversify its overall
investment portfolio by: (i) geography: asset holdings primarily in the United States but with certain holdings across the rest of North
America, Europe, Asia, Australia and other geographic regions;
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(ii)
property type: investments in multi-family, industrial, office, retail, hotel and other property types; (iii) strategy: differing property
and securities acquisition, underwriting, leverage and management strategies; and (iv) capital structure: investments that include debt
and equity securities, including preferred stock.
Private
Funds. The Fund gains exposure to real estate-related assets in part through investments
in Private Funds. Some of these Private Funds themselves invest in real estate through underlying REITs. Other Private Funds invest in
debt investments secured by real estate either directly or through entities that do not qualify as REITs. The Fund intends to identify
Private Funds with managers that focus on the major property types within commercial real estate (multi-family, industrial, office and
retail), but the Fund may also seek exposure to Private Funds focused on certain specialty property types (e.g., data centers, self-storage,
seniors housing) and debt investments in respect of certain other property types with strong credit characteristics. Private Funds typically
accept investments on a continuous basis, have quarterly repurchases, and do not have a defined termination date. The Fund intends to
invest no more than 15% of its assets in traditional pooled investment vehicles that would be investment companies but for Sections 3(c)(1)
or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act (“3(c)(1)/3(c)(7) Funds”) (excluding for the avoidance of doubt, entities that qualify
to be treated for tax purposes as REITs, that would otherwise qualify for an exemption pursuant to Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment
Company Act, or that would not be investment companies for reasons other than the exemptions in Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the
Investment Company Act (collectively, “Other Private Funds”)). Additionally, the Fund will not invest in Private Funds that
hold themselves out as “hedge funds.” The Fund may invest in Private Funds with a variety of real estate-related strategies
and risk/return characteristics. Under normal circumstances, a significant portion of the Fund’s assets are expected to be invested
in Private Funds (i.e., private
funds that invest in real estate and debt investments secured by real estate).
Real
Estate Securities. The Fund may invest
directly in Real Estate Securities, including equity and debt securities issued by real estate-related companies. The Adviser has
engaged the Sub-Advisers to invest the Fund’s assets in Real Estate Securities.
Global
Real Estate Equities. The Fund seeks global real estate equity investments that the Adviser believes
will generate competitive total returns and current income. These investments typically include equity securities issued by U.S. and non-U.S.
real estate companies, including REITs and similar REIT-like entities. REIT-like entities are organized outside of the U.S. and have operations
and receive tax treatment similar to that of U.S. REITs. The Fund may also invest in securities of foreign companies in the form of American
Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) and European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”).
The Sub-Advisers employ a risk-managed investment approach that focuses on companies the Sub-Advisers believe have potential for growth
and/or strong income characteristics.
Real
Estate Preferred Equities. The Fund seeks real estate preferred equity investments that the Adviser
believes will generate high income and capital preservation. These investments typically include preferred stock of REITs and other real
estate-related companies. The Sub-Advisers apply differing strategies, including, but not limited to, a value-oriented investment approach
focused on credit quality and company fundamentals. The Sub-Advisers will evaluate the fundamental characteristics of the issuers, including
creditworthiness and prevailing market factors. This approach will take into account an issuer’s corporate and capital structures
and placement of the preferred securities within that structure.
Real
Estate Equity Investments through the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The
VCMIX Sub-REIT will be structured to hold or invest, directly or indirectly, in real estate and real estate-related assets and will invest
primarily in direct ownership of real estate properties or in joint ventures or partnerships that hold real estate. The VCMIX Sub-REIT
may also engage in the acquisition, development, redevelopment, leasing, management, and disposition of real estate assets. Investments
may be made in a broad range of geographic markets and property types, depending on market conditions and opportunities. The Fund will
maintain direct or indirect voting control of the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Fund will report its investment in the VCMIX Sub-REIT in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles. The Fund’s investments in the VCMIX Sub-REIT will be valued utilizing the fair value
principles outlined within the Fund’s Valuation Policy. See “Calculation of Net Asset Value.” Leverage incurred directly
by the VCMIX Sub-REIT will be aggregated with the Fund’s leverage for purposes of complying with Section 18 of the Investment
Company Act. For purposes of complying with its fundamental and non-fundamental investment restrictions and policies pursuant to Section 8
of the Investment Company Act, except in the case of the Fund’s policy with respect to the purchase of real estate, the Fund will
aggregate its direct investments with the investments of the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The VCMIX Sub-REIT may engage external management companies
for property-level oversight of its investments.
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Real
Estate-Related Debt. The Fund may invest in real estate debt investments, including
commercial real estate loans and other real estate-related securities. The Fund may originate or otherwise directly invest in privately
issued real estate debt. The Fund’s investments in privately issued real estate debt typically will consist of senior debt and
subordinated debt. Senior debt includes loans and loan-related investments structured with a senior security interest in real estate
assets and/or cash flows from the real estate asset including contractual lease revenues. These loans are expected to vary in maturity,
but typically have longer durations than subordinated debt and may include a combination of fixed and floating rate interest payments.
Subordinated debt investments are secured by secondary claims against the real estate asset and its cash flow. These claims are subordinated
to those of the senior debt, which has priority in collateral and cashflow. Subordinated debt typically will have relatively short maturities
and floating interest rates. The Fund may also seek to invest in real estate-related debt that generates stable income streams of attractive
and consistent cash distributions. The Fund may make such investments in first mortgage loans as well as subordinated debt (B-notes and
mezzanine loans), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), participating loans, bridge loans and other secured and
unsecured real estate-related debt. There is no limit on the maturity or duration of any individual security and/or other investment
in which the Fund may invest. Duration is a measure of a debt instrument’s sensitivity to
interest rate changes. For example, if a loan has a duration of 5 years, the price of the loan will increase (decrease) by approximately
5% for every 1% decrease (increase) in interest rates.
The
Adviser evaluates investment opportunities originated by or arranged through an extensive network of relationships with real estate and
other asset managers, origination platforms, financial intermediaries and other parties (“Arrangers”). The Adviser evaluates
opportunities involving a combination of direct lending Arrangers that focus on different sectors and different types of loans in an attempt
to limit the Fund’s concentration in any single real estate sector or risk and return profile. The Adviser has full discretion to
increase or reduce the number of Arrangers through which it sources opportunities based on the market environment or Fund growth trajectory.
Other
Investments. In certain circumstances or market environments, the Fund may reduce
its investment in Real Estate-Related Investments and hold a larger position in short-term, high-quality debt securities, money market
instruments, money market funds, exchange-traded funds, and/or cash or cash equivalents. The Fund may also invest excess cash balances
in these types of investments, as deemed appropriate by the Adviser. The Fund may use derivative strategies for hedging exposure to foreign
currencies and interest rates. In addition, in pursuing its investment objective, the Fund may seek to enhance returns through the use
of leverage. The Fund intends to utilize leverage opportunistically and may choose to increase or decrease, or eliminate entirely, its
use of leverage over time and from time to time based on the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve environment, interest rate
trends, market conditions and other factors.
Core,
Core Plus and Value Added Investments
Core.
The Fund may have exposure to strategies that target high-quality portfolios with real estate assets that provide relatively lower and
more stable returns. Core investments are typically located in primary markets and in the main property types (offices, retail, industrial
and residential) and are stable, well-maintained and well-leased. The Fund intends to identify investments within this strategy that anticipate
limited leverage (i.e., approximately 20% to 35%) or additional capital investment, maintain
relatively stable and high occupancy levels and typically carry premium rents within a market.
Core
Plus. The Fund may have exposure to strategies that seek moderate risk portfolios with real estate that
provides moderate returns. Core plus investments are predominantly core but with an emphasis on a modest value added approach. The focus
of these investments is on the main property types, in both primary and secondary markets, in buildings generally in good condition that
require some form of enhancement (i.e., repositioning and/or releasing). The Fund intends to
identify investments within this strategy that anticipate moderately low leverage (i.e., approximately
35% to 50% of the gross asset value of a Private Fund) and some additional capital investment.
Value
Added. To a lesser extent than core and core plus, the Fund may have exposure to strategies that typically
focus on more aggressive active asset management and often employ relatively more leverage. Value added investment portfolios typically
target lower quality buildings, in both primary and secondary markets in the main property types. Properties are considered value added
when they exhibit management or operational problems, require physical improvement, and/or suffer from capital constraints. Buildings
often require enhancement to upgrade them (i.e., redevelopment/repositioning/releasing).
To the extent the Fund invests in this strategy, the Fund intends to identify investments that anticipate moderate leverage (i.e.,
approximately 50% to 65%) and additional capital investment.
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Investments
in Subsidiaries
The
Fund may make or hold portfolio investments directly or indirectly through Subsidiaries. References herein to the Fund include references
to a Subsidiary in respect of the Fund’s investment exposure. The Fund will comply with certain provisions of the Investment Company
Act applicable to the Fund on an aggregate basis with the Subsidiaries, including provisions relating to investment policies (Section 8),
affiliated transactions and custody (Section 17), and capital structure and leverage (Section 18). To the extent that any Subsidiary
directly incurs leverage in the form of debt, such leverage will be aggregated with the Fund’s leverage for purposes of complying
with Section 18 of the Investment Company Act. VCMIX Subsidiary LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “VCMIX Subsidiary”),
has the same investment objective and strategies as the Fund and, like the Fund, is managed by the Adviser. The Fund may invest in the
VCMIX Subsidiary in order to pursue its investment objective and strategies in a potentially tax-efficient manner.
Selection
of Private Funds and Sub-Advisers
The
Adviser follows certain general guidelines when reviewing and selecting Private Funds and Sub-Advisers. See “Investment Objectives,
Investment Strategies and Investment Features – Selection of Private Funds and Sub-Advisers.” Although the Adviser will attempt
to apply the guidelines consistently, the guidelines involve the application of subjective and qualitative criteria and the selection
of Private Funds and Sub-Advisers is a fundamentally subjective process. The use of the selection guidelines may be modified or eliminated
at the discretion of the Adviser. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will be able to access Private Funds or Sub-Advisers that
will enable the Fund to meet its objectives.
Borrowing/Leverage
In
pursuing its investment objective, the Fund (directly or indirectly, including through one or more Subsidiaries or the VCMIX Sub-REIT)
may add leverage to its portfolio through borrowings, such as through bank loans or commercial paper and/or other credit facilities, or
by utilizing reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions, dollar rolls, and/or credit default swaps. The Fund may
use leverage to make additional investments, to satisfy repurchase requests from Fund shareholders, to provide the Fund with temporary
liquidity, or as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including for the payment of dividends or the settlement
of securities transactions which otherwise might require untimely dispositions of portfolio securities held by the Fund. The Fund may
add leverage to its portfolio by utilizing a bank loan secured by the portfolio securities of the Fund, commercial paper, and/or other
borrowings available to the Fund. Property level debt is expected to be incurred by operating entities held by the VCMIX Sub-REIT and
secured by real estate and other assets owned by such operating entities. If an operating entity were to default on a loan, the lender’s
recourse would be to the mortgaged property and the lender would typically not have a claim to other assets of the Fund or its subsidiaries.
The Fund intends to utilize borrowings and other forms of leverage opportunistically and may choose to increase or decrease, or eliminate
entirely, its use of leverage over time and from time to time based on the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve environment,
interest rate trends, market conditions and other factors. Leveraging is a speculative technique and the use of leverage involves increased
costs and risk, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions and net asset value in relation to market
changes. There can be no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be used or that it will be successful during any period in which it
is employed. The Fund may lose money through the use of leverage. See “Risk Factors – Leverage Risk.” The Fund has,
and may in the future, borrow money in order to repurchase its Shares. The Fund may also borrow to facilitate investments or to seek to
enhance returns. The Fund intends to limit its borrowing and the overall leverage of its portfolio to an amount that does not exceed 33-1/3%
of the Fund’s gross asset value. Any leverage at the Fund, Subsidiary, or the VCMIX Sub-REIT level will be in addition to financial
leverage that a Private Fund may use as part of its capital structure.
Board
of Directors
The
Fund’s board of directors (the “Board”) has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s investment
program and its management and operations. A majority of the Directors are not “interested persons” of the Fund, the Adviser,
the Distributor, the Sub-Advisers, or any affiliates of any of the foregoing, as defined by the Investment Company Act (the “Independent
Directors”).
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Investment
Management Fee
The
Fund pays the Adviser an investment management fee equal to 0.95% annually of the average daily NAV of the Fund (the “Investment
Management Fee”). The Investment Management Fee is accrued daily and payable quarterly in arrears. The Investment Management Fee
is paid to the Adviser out of the Fund’s assets. Because the Investment Management Fee is calculated based on the Fund’s average
daily NAV and is paid out of the Fund’s assets, it reduces the NAV of the Shares. To the extent the Fund makes investments through
a Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the Adviser may receive additional compensation at an annual rate based on the Subsidiary’s
average daily net assets for providing management services to the Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Adviser has contractually agreed
to reduce the Investment Management Fee paid by the Fund in an amount equal to any management fees it receives from each of VCMIX Subsidiary
and to waive the investment management fee it receives from the VCMIX Sub-REIT such that, for the collective net assets of the Fund, VCMIX
Subsidiary, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the total Investment Management Fee is calculated at a rate of 0.95%.
The
Fund pays each Sub-Adviser a sub-advisory fee based on the net assets of the Fund managed by such Sub-Adviser. Pursuant to its sub-advisory
agreement, PrinREI is paid a management fee by the Fund based on assets under management that decreases as assets increase. The fees are
assessed on a sliding scale and range from 0.60% down to 0.49% based on assets under management. Pursuant to its sub-advisory agreement,
Security Capital is paid a management fee by the Fund based on assets under management that decreases as assets increase. The fees are
assessed on a sliding scale and range from 1.0% down to 0.45% based on assets under management.
To
the extent that the Fund invests in any Private Funds, the Fund will be subject to the management fees, including asset-based and performance
fees, if any, charged by the Private Funds on the portion of the Fund’s assets invested in such Private Funds. See “Summary
of Fund Expenses” and “Management of the Fund – Adviser and Investment Management Fee” for more information regarding
the Investment Management Fee and other Fund expenses.
Other
Fees and Expenses
BNY
Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. (“BNY Mellon”) performs certain administrative, accounting and transfer agency services
for the Fund. In consideration for providing such services, the Fund pays BNY Mellon annual fees of approximately 0.04% of the Fund’s
average annual NAV, assuming anticipated weighted average assets in the Fund of approximately $2.1 billion over the fiscal year.
This includes certain minimum payments for services provided. All such fees shall accrue daily and will be paid periodically. UMB Bank,
n.a. (“UMB Bank”) performs custodial services for the Fund. In consideration for providing such services, the Fund pays UMB
Bank annual fees of approximately 0.01% of the Fund’s average NAV, assuming anticipated weighted average assets in the Fund of approximately
$2.1 billion over the fiscal year.
The
Fund’s shareholders will bear all fees and expenses incurred in the business of the Fund and will indirectly bear all expenses incurred
in the business of the Private Funds, any Subsidiary, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Fund pays the management fees charged by the Private
Funds and any Subsidiary, which, for the Private Funds, may include both asset-based and performance-based fees. In addition, to the extent
investment opportunities are made available through Arrangers, the Fund may be responsible for sourcing fees and other compensation, such
as ongoing monitoring fees, a portion of which may be charged based on the performance of certain investments.
Suitability
of Investment
Investing
in the Fund involves a considerable amount of risk. Shareholders may lose some or all of their investment in the Fund. Investing in the
Fund is suitable only for investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares and should be viewed as
a long-term investment. An investment in the Fund may not be suitable for investors who may need their investment or any return from their
investment in the Fund in a specified time frame. Before making your investment decision, you and/or your personal financial advisor should
(i) consider the suitability of this investment with respect to your investment objectives and personal situation and (ii) consider factors
such as your personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance and liquidity needs. The Fund should be considered to be an illiquid investment.
You will not be able to redeem your Shares on a daily basis because the Fund is a closed-end fund. In addition, while a shareholder has
a limited ability to transfer or resell Shares pursuant to the provisions of the Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Fund (as amended
and restated from time to time, the “LLC Agreement”), the Fund’s Shares are not traded on an active market and there
is currently no secondary market for the Shares. However, limited liquidity will be available through quarterly repurchases of Shares
by the Fund of at least 5% of the outstanding Shares during each quarterly period. See “Risk Factors – Interval Fund Risk”
and “– Liquidity Risk.”
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Distribution
Policy and Distribution Reinvestment Policy
To
qualify for treatment as a RIC, the Fund is required to distribute at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income”
(as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the
excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) to shareholders in accordance with the requirements
of the Code each year. The Fund intends to satisfy this requirement through regular quarterly distributions to shareholders. In addition,
the Fund may make distributions to shareholders of all or a portion of the Fund’s net long term capital gains realized on transactions
in its investments. The Fund will establish reasonable cash reserves to meet Fund cash payment obligations prior to making distributions.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund’s distributions may be treated in the hands of shareholders as, among other things,
ordinary income, qualified dividends, capital gains, or returns of capital. The portion of a distribution treated as a return of capital
is not taxable, but reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent
taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. To the extent the distribution exceeds a shareholder’s basis in its Shares,
such shareholder will recognize a capital gain. See “Taxes.”
All
distributions paid by the Fund will be reinvested in additional Shares of the Fund unless a shareholder affirmatively elects not to reinvest
in Shares pursuant to the Fund’s Distribution Reinvestment Policy. Shareholders may elect initially not to reinvest by indicating
that choice in writing to the Fund’s transfer agent. Thereafter, shareholders are free to change their election by contacting the
Fund’s transfer agent (or, alternatively, by contacting the selling agent that sold such shareholder its Shares, who will inform
the Fund). Shares purchased by reinvestment will be issued at their NAV on the ex-dividend date. There is no sales load or other charge
for Shares received by reinvestment. The Fund reserves the right to suspend or limit at any time the ability of shareholders to reinvest
distributions. The automatic reinvestment of distributions does not relieve participants of any U.S. federal income tax that may be payable
(or required to be withheld) on such distributions. See “Taxes” and “Description of Shares.”
Quarterly
Repurchases of Shares
The
Fund provides liquidity through quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act (each, a “Repurchase
Offer”). The Fund’s fiscal year ends on the last day of March each year. Once each fiscal quarter, the Fund will offer to
repurchase at NAV not less than 5% nor more than 25% of the outstanding Shares, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance
with regulatory requirements. The Repurchase Offer amount will be determined by the Board before each Repurchase Offer. The offer to repurchase
Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting
securities. Shareholders will be notified in writing of each Repurchase Offer and the date the Repurchase Offer ends (the “Repurchase
Request Deadline”). Shares will be repurchased at the NAV per Share determined as of the close of business typically as of the Repurchase
Request Deadline, but no later than the 14th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline (each, a “Repurchase Pricing Date”).
Shareholders
will be notified in writing about each Repurchase Offer, how they may request that the Fund repurchase their Shares and the Repurchase
Request Deadline. Shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject
to the aggregate repurchase amounts established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. The time between the notification to shareholders
and the Repurchase Request Deadline is expected to be approximately 30 days, but may vary from no more than 42 days to no less than 21
days. Certain authorized institutions, including Intermediaries, custodians and clearing platforms, may set times prior to the Repurchase
Request Deadline by which they must receive all shareholder repurchase requests and may require certain additional information. In addition,
certain clearing houses may require shareholders to submit repurchase requests only on the Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant
to the repurchase will be made by checks to the shareholder’s address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account
no more than 7 days after the Repurchase Pricing Date (the “Repurchase Payment Date”). The Board may establish other policies
for repurchases of Shares that are consistent with the Investment Company Act, regulations thereunder and other applicable laws.
The
Shares will not be subject to an early withdrawal charge.
If
Share repurchase requests exceed the number of Shares in the Fund’s Repurchase Offer, the Fund may, in its sole discretion, (i)
repurchase the number of Shares in the Fund’s Repurchase Offer, allocating such repurchase among the shareholders on a pro rata
basis based on the number of Shares tendered by each of the shareholders; or (ii) increase the number of Shares to be repurchased by up
to 2.0% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares. If the Fund determines to repurchase additional Shares beyond the Repurchase Offer amount
and if shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to repurchase, the Fund will repurchase the
tendered Shares on a pro rata
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basis
based on the number of Shares tendered by each of the shareholders. However, the Fund may accept all shares tendered for repurchase by
shareholders who own less than one hundred Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered. Because
of the potential for proration, tendering shareholders may not have all of their tendered Shares repurchased by the Fund in any Repurchase
Offer.
In
addition, in the event a Repurchase Offer is oversubscribed, the Fund may offer to repurchase
at NAV outstanding Shares tendered by the estate of a deceased shareholder or such deceased shareholder’s descendants (an “Estate
Offer”). The amount of any Estate Offer (determined as a percentage of the Fund’s outstanding
Shares as of the Repurchase Pricing Date) will be approved by the Board, taking into account the liquidity of the Fund’s
assets. In the event an Estate Offer is oversubscribed, the Fund will repurchase the tendered Shares on a pro rata basis based on
the number of Shares tendered by each shareholder participating in the Estate Offer.
Taxation
The
Fund has elected and intends to qualify and be eligible to be treated each year as a RIC under the Code. As a RIC, the Fund will not be
subject to U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income and gains that it timely distributes to shareholders in accordance with the requirements
of the Code. The Fund intends to distribute its income and gains in a way that it will not be subject to a federal excise tax on certain
undistributed amounts. Distributions are taxable as described herein whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional
shares.
Although
the Fund is considered a non-diversified fund within the meaning of the Investment Company Act, the Fund must satisfy certain diversification
tests under the Code in order to qualify as a RIC. For the purpose of satisfying those tests as well as the 90% gross income test, the
Fund will in certain cases be required to “look through” to the character of the income, concentrations of any issuer’s
securities and investments held by the Private Funds or managed in the Fund’s public securities portfolio. However, unlike registered
investment companies, Private Funds are not obligated by regulation to disclose publicly the contents of their portfolios. Any lack of
transparency may make it difficult for the Adviser to monitor the sources of the Fund’s income and the allocation of its assets,
and otherwise comply with the requirements for taxation as a RIC under the Code, and ultimately may limit the universe of Private Funds
in which the Fund can invest. In order to ensure compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund will seek Private Funds
that utilize private REITs and private taxable corporation investment structures for federal tax purposes under the Code, for the direct
and indirect ownership of real assets.
If
the Fund were to fail to qualify and be eligible to be treated as a RIC, the Fund would be subject to corporate-level taxation, thereby
reducing the return on a shareholder’s investment. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes
and make distributions (which could be subject to interest charges) before requalifying for taxation as a RIC. See “Taxes”
and, in the SAI, “Tax Aspects.”
Risk
Factors
An
investment in the Fund is subject to a high degree of risk. Risks of investing in the Fund, or in an investment vehicle managed by Managers
(as defined below) utilized by the Fund, include, but are not limited to, those outlined below. For purposes of this section, references
to “the Adviser” should be read to include the Sub-Advisers and the Managers and references to “the Fund” should
be read to include the Private Funds, the Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT, in each case as applicable. See “Risk Factors”
and elsewhere in this Prospectus where risks of investment are discussed in more detail. You should consider carefully the risks before
investing in the Shares. You may also wish to consult with your legal and tax advisors before deciding whether to invest in the Fund.
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Real
Estate-Related Securities Risk. The Fund will not invest in real estate directly, but will invest in real estate-related debt,
consisting of mezzanine and first mortgage debt, and directly in real estate through the VCMIX Sub-REIT and other entities that qualify
to be treated for tax purposes as REITs or investment vehicles treated similarly as private REITs for tax purposes. In general, real estate
values can be affected by a variety of factors, including supply and demand for properties, the economic health of the country or of different
regions, and the strength of specific industries that rent properties. The capital value of the Fund’s investments may be significantly
diminished in the event of a downward turn in real estate market prices. |
The
Fund will also invest in commercial real estate loans, mortgage loans, CMBS, B-Notes, mezzanine loans, and other similar types of investments.
Commercial real estate loans are secured by multifamily or commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure.
The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful
operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If
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the
net operating income of the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. If the Fund makes or
invests in mortgage loans and there are defaults under those mortgage loans, the Fund may not be able to repossess and sell the underlying
properties in a timely manner. The resulting time delay could reduce the value of the investment in the defaulted mortgage loans.
The
Fund will also invest in commercial real estate mortgage-backed securities. A mortgage-backed security is an obligation of the issuer
backed by a mortgage or pool of mortgages or a direct interest in an underlying pool of mortgages. Some mortgage-backed securities make
payments of both principal and interest at a variety of intervals; others make semi-annual interest payments at a predetermined rate and
repay principal at maturity (like a typical bond). Investing in mortgage-back securities involves certain risks, including the failure
of a counterparty to meet its commitments, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. The
yield characteristics of mortgage-backed securities differ from those of traditional fixed income securities. The major differences typically
include more frequent interest and principal payments (usually monthly), the adjustability of interest rates of the underlying instrument,
and the possibility that prepayments of principal may be made substantially earlier than their final distribution dates. Market factors
adversely affecting mortgage loan repayments may include a general economic turndown, high unemployment, a general slowdown in the real
estate market, a drop in the market prices of real estate, or an increase in interest rates resulting in higher mortgage payments by holders
of adjustable rate mortgages.
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Liquidity
Risk. The Fund will invest a substantial portion of its assets in restricted securities and other investments that are illiquid.
Restricted securities are securities that may not be sold to the public without an effective registration statement under the Securities
Act, or, if they are unregistered, may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or pursuant to an exemption from registration
under the Securities Act. The Fund may be unable to sell restricted and other illiquid securities at the most opportune times or at prices
approximating the value at which it purchased such securities. The Fund’s portfolio may include a number of investments for which
no market exists and which have substantial restrictions on transferability. |
In
addition, the Fund’s interests in the Private Funds are subject to substantial restrictions on transfer. The Fund may liquidate
an interest and withdraw from a Private Fund pursuant to limited withdrawal rights. Some Private Funds may subject the Fund to a lockup
period or otherwise suspend the repurchase rights of their shareholders, including the Fund, from time to time. Further, Private Fund
managers may impose transfer restrictions on the Fund’s interests. There may be no secondary market for the Fund’s interests
in the Private Funds. The illiquidity of these interests may adversely affect the Fund were it to have to sell interests at an inopportune
time.
The
VCMIX Sub-REIT and the Subsidiaries are expected to invest in illiquid assets, and the Fund’s investments in such entities will
be illiquid. The VCMIX Sub-REIT and the Subsidiaries may be unable to sell their assets, or be forced to sell them at reduced prices.
The Fund also may invest directly in other private securities that it may not be able to sell at the Fund’s current carrying value
for the securities. The illiquidity of these securities may adversely affect the Fund.
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Debt
Securities and Related Investments Risk. The Fund intends to invest in real estate-related debt securities, including but not limited
to senior secured debt, subordinated debt, real-estate related loans, mezzanine debt, and other similar types of investments. These securities
are subject to credit risk and interest rate risk. In addition, certain factors may affect materially and adversely the market price and
yield of such debt securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the borrower, government fiscal policy
and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. It is likely that many of the debt securities in which the Fund may invest will be unrated,
or, if rated, below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” securities or “junk bonds”), and whether
or not rated, the debt securities may have speculative characteristics. The Adviser is partially reliant on its relationships with arrangers
in connection with the Adviser’s ability to source private debt and loan opportunities for the Fund. To the extent the Adviser is
unable to develop or maintain relationships with qualified arrangers, the Adviser may have difficulty ensuring the Fund’s access
to suitable private debt and loan opportunities. In addition, privately negotiated investments in loans and illiquid securities of private
companies require substantial due diligence and structuring, and the Fund may not be able to achieve its desired investment pace. These
factors increase the uncertainty, and thus the risk, of investing in the Fund. To the extent the Fund is unable to deploy its capital,
its investment income and, in turn, the results of its operations, will likely be materially adversely affected. |
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Credit
Risk. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer, guarantor or liquidity provider of a fixed-income security held by the Fund may be
unable or unwilling, or may be perceived (whether by market participants, ratings agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as unable or
unwilling, to make timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise honor its obligations. It includes the risk that the security
will be downgraded by a credit rating agency; generally, lower credit quality issuers present higher credit risks. |
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Active
Management Risk. Identifying and allocating assets among appropriate investments is difficult and involves a high degree of uncertainty.
The performance of the Fund depends in large part upon the Adviser’s successful application of analytical skills and investment
judgment; the ability of the Adviser to choose successful Sub-Advisers and managers of the Private Funds (collectively, the Sub-Advisers
and managers of Private Funds are referred to herein as “Managers”); and the ability of the Adviser to develop and implement
investment strategies that achieve the Fund’s investment objective. Although the Adviser monitors the Managers, it is possible that
one or more Managers may take substantial positions in the same instruments or markets at the same time, thereby interfering with the
Fund’s investment goal. The Adviser and the Managers are subject to various risks, including risks relating to operations and back
office functions, property management, accounting, administration, risk management, valuation services and reporting, and may also face
competition from other industry participants that may be more established, have larger asset bases and have larger numbers
of qualified management and technical personnel. |
While
the Fund and the Adviser will evaluate regularly each Private Fund and its Manager and each Sub-Adviser to determine whether their respective
investment programs are consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and whether the investment performance is satisfactory,
the Adviser will not have any control over the investments made by a Private Fund and limited control over the investments made the Sub-Advisers.
The Adviser’s or a Sub-Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness, relative value, or potential appreciation of a particular
sector, security, or investment strategy may prove to be incorrect, and may cause the Fund to incur losses. Even though Private Funds
are subject to certain constraints, the Managers may change aspects of their investment strategies without prior notice to the Fund.
Conflicts
of interest may arise from the fact that the Adviser, the Managers and their affiliates may be carrying on substantial investment activities
for other clients in which the Fund has no interest. In addition, the Adviser, the Managers and their respective affiliates, and any of
their respective officers, directors, partners, members or employees, may invest for their own accounts in various investment opportunities,
including in private investment funds, private investment companies or other investment vehicles in which the Fund will have no interest.
Furthermore, the Adviser, the Managers and their respective affiliates manage the assets of and/or provide advice to registered investment
companies, private investment funds and individual accounts other than the Fund, which could compete for the same investment opportunities
as the Fund.
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Interest
Rate Risk. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates or yields of U.S. Treasury securities or other types of bonds to
rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, general economic conditions, reduced
market demand for low yielding investments, etc.). Recently, the U.S. Federal Reserve has increased interest rates from historically low
levels, resulting in rising interest rates across the financial system. Thus, the Fund currently faces a heightened level of risk associated
with high interest rates and/or bond yields. Interest rate increases may result in a decline in the value of the fixed income or other
investments held by the Fund that move inversely to interest rates. A decline in the value of such investments would result in a decline
in the Fund’s NAV. Additionally, further changes in interest rates could result in additional volatility and could cause Fund shareholders
to tender their Shares for repurchase at its regularly scheduled repurchase intervals. The Fund may need to liquidate portfolio investments
at disadvantageous prices in order to meet such repurchases. Further increases in interest rates could also cause dealers in fixed income
securities to reduce their market making activity, thereby reducing liquidity in these markets. To the extent the Fund holds fixed income
securities or other securities that behave similarly to fixed income securities, the longer the maturity dates are for such securities
will result in a higher likelihood of a decrease in value during periods of rising interest rates. |
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Leverage
Risk. There are significant risks associated with borrowings and leverage. Leverage is a speculative technique that may expose
the Fund to greater risk and increased costs. There is no assurance that a leveraging strategy would be successful. Leverage involves
risks and special considerations for shareholders including: |
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the likelihood of greater
volatility of NAV of the Shares, and of the investment return to shareholders, than a comparable portfolio without leverage; |
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the risk that fluctuations
in interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt that the Fund must pay will reduce the return to the shareholders; |
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the effect of leverage
in a declining market or a rising interest rate environment, which would likely cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than
if the Fund were not leveraged; |
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the potential for an increase
in operating costs, which may reduce the Fund’s total return; and |
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the possibility either
that dividends will fall if the interest and other costs of leverage rise, or that dividends paid on Shares will fluctuate because such
costs vary over time. |
In
addition to any borrowing utilized by the Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary, the VCMIX Sub-REIT and the Private Funds in which the Fund invests
may utilize leverage. While leverage presents opportunities for increasing the Fund’s, the VCMIX Subsidiary’s, the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s,
or a Private Fund’s total return, it has the effect of potentially increasing losses as well. If income and appreciation on investments
made with borrowed funds are less than the required interest payments on the borrowings, the value of the Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary,
the VCMIX Sub-REIT, or the Private Fund will decrease. Additionally, any event which affects adversely the value of an investment by the
Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, or a Private Fund would be magnified to the extent the Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary, the
VCMIX Sub-REIT, or such Private Fund is leveraged. Furthermore, because the Private Funds may themselves incur higher level of leverage
than that which the Fund is permitted, the Fund could be effectively leveraged in an amount far greater than the limit imposed by the
Investment Company Act.
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Equity
Securities Risk. The prices of equity and preferred securities fluctuate based on changes in a company’s financial condition
and overall market and economic conditions. Preferred securities may be subject to additional risks, such as risks of deferred distributions,
liquidity risks, and differences in shareholder rights associated with such securities. |
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Loan-Related
Investments Risk. In addition to risks generally associated with debt securities and related investments (e.g., credit risk, interest
rate risk), loan-related investments such as loan participations and assignments are subject to other risks. Although a loan obligation
may be fully collateralized at the time of acquisition, the collateral may decline in value, be or become illiquid or less liquid, or
lose all or substantially all of its value subsequent to investment. Many loan investments are subject to legal or contractual restrictions
on resale and certain loan investments may be or become illiquid or less liquid and more difficult to value, particularly in the event
of a downgrade of the loan or the borrower. There is less readily available, reliable information about most loan investments than is
the case for many other types of securities. Substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan obligation defaults.
The Fund may invest in loans in any part of the capital structure. Senior loans hold the most senior position in the capital structure
of a business entity, and are typically secured with specific collateral, but are nevertheless usually rated below investment grade. Second
lien loans are subordinated to the security interest of the senior lender or unsecured, and thus lower in priority of payment to senior
loans and are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property securing the loan or debt, if any, may be
insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations of the borrower. The priority of the collateral
claims of third or lower lien loans ranks below holders of second lien loans and so on. Such junior loans are subject to the same general
risks inherent to any loan investment, including credit risk, market and liquidity risk, and interest rate risk. Due to their lower place
in the borrower’s capital structure and possible unsecured or partially secured status, such loans involve a higher degree of overall
risk than senior loans of the same borrower, have greater price volatility, and may be less liquid. |
Unsecured
loans will not benefit from any interest in collateral of the borrower. Liens on such a borrower’s collateral, if any, will secure
the borrower’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure
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certain
future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the borrower under its secured loan agreements. The holders of obligations secured by
such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to
repay their obligations in full before the Fund.
Generally,
loans have the benefit of covenants that impose restrictions and obligations on the borrower, including, in some cases, restrictions on
ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets. “Covenant-lite” agreements feature incurrence covenants, as opposed
to more restrictive maintenance covenants. Under a maintenance covenant, the borrower would need to meet regular, specific financial tests,
while under an incurrence covenant, the borrower only would be required to comply with the financial tests at the time it takes certain
actions (e.g., issuing additional debt, paying a dividend, making an acquisition). A covenant lite obligation contains fewer maintenance
covenants than other obligations, or no maintenance covenants, and may not include terms that allow the lender to monitor the performance
of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. To the extent a loan does not have certain covenants (or has less
restrictive covenants), an investment in the loan will be particularly sensitive to the risks associated with loan investments.
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Mortgage
Loan Risk. The Fund may originate and selectively acquire mortgage loans, which are generally loans secured by a first mortgage
lien on a commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure and risks of loss that are greater than similar
risks associated with loans made on the security of single family residential property. In addition, certain of the mortgage loans in
which the Fund invests may be structured so that all or a substantial portion of the principal will not be paid until maturity, which
increases the risk of default at that time. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically
is dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of
the borrower. In the event of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, it will bear a risk of loss of principal to
the extent of any deficiency between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could
have a material adverse effect on the profitability of the Fund. |
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Mezzanine
Loan Risk. The Fund may invest in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by a pledge of the ownership
interests of either the entity owning the real property or the entity that owns the interest in the entity owning the real property. These
types of investments involve a higher degree of risk than first mortgage loans secured by income producing real property because the investment
may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender. As a result, the Fund may not recover some or all of its investment.
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Loan
Assignment and Participation Risk. The Fund may purchase loan assignments and participations. As the purchaser of an assignment,
the Fund typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement
with respect to the debt obligation; however, the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan
and with regard to any associated collateral. Because assignments may be arranged through private negotiations, the rights and obligations
acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender.
In addition, if the loan is foreclosed, the Fund could have a partial ownership interest in any collateral and could bear the costs and
liabilities of owning and disposing of the collateral. In connection with purchasing participations, the Fund generally will not have
any right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against
the borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from any collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation.
As a result, the Fund will be subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the
event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not
benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower. |
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Preferred
Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in preferred shares of other issuers. Preferred shares are securities that represent an ownership
interest providing the holder with claims on the issuer’s earnings and assets before common shareholders, but after bond holders
and other creditors. Preferred shares are equity securities, but they have many characteristics of fixed income securities, such as a
fixed (or floating) dividend payment rate and/or a liquidity preference over the issuer’s common shares. However, because preferred
shares are equity securities, they may be more susceptible to risks traditionally associated with equity investments than the Fund’s
fixed income securities. Unlike debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of |
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preferred
stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the holders of such preferred stock on the
occurrence of an event of default or other non-compliance by the issuer of the preferred stock. Investments in preferred stock present
market and liquidity risks. The value of a preferred stock may be highly sensitive to the economic condition of the issuer, and markets
for preferred stock may be less liquid than the market for the issuer’s common stock. In addition, the terms of preferred shares
often do not include covenants that impose restrictions and obligations on the borrower to the degree that a lender may impose in connection
with a loan.
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CMBS
Risk. Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) are, generally, securities backed by obligations (including certificates
of participation in obligations) that are principally secured by mortgages on real property or interests therein having a multifamily
or commercial use, such as regional malls, other retail space, office buildings, industrial or warehouse properties, hotels, nursing homes
and senior living centers. CMBS are subject to particular risks, including lack of standardized terms, shorter maturities than residential
mortgage loans and payment of all or substantially all of the principal only at maturity rather than regular amortization of principal.
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Foreign
Investing Risk. Foreign investments by the Fund and Private Funds may be subject to economic, political, regulatory and social
risks, which may affect the liquidity of such investments. Foreign ownership of Real Estate Securities may be restricted, requiring the
Private Funds in which the Fund invests to share the applicable investment with local third party shareholders or investors, and there
may be significant local land use and permit restrictions, local taxes and other transaction costs that adversely affect the returns sought
by the Fund. |
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Interval
Fund Risk. The Fund is a closed-end investment company that provides limited liquidity through quarterly repurchase offers under
Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act and is designed for long-term investors. Unlike many closed-end investment companies,
the Fund’s Shares are not listed on any securities exchange and are not publicly-traded. There is currently no secondary market
for the Shares and the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. Shares are subject to substantial restrictions on transferability
and may only be transferred or resold in accordance with the LLC Agreement and the Fund’s repurchase policy. Shareholders should
not expect to be able to sell their Shares in a secondary market transaction regardless of how the Fund performs. Even though the Fund
will offer to repurchase Shares on a quarterly basis, there is no guarantee that shareholders will be able to sell Shares at any given
time or in the quantity desired. An investment in the Fund is considered an illiquid investment and the Shares are appropriate only for
those investors who can tolerate risk and do not require a liquid investment. See “Quarterly Repurchases of Shares.” |
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Valuation
Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments will be difficult to ascertain and the valuations provided in respect of the Fund’s
Private Funds, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, private debt investments, and other private securities will likely vary from the amounts the Fund would
receive upon withdrawal of its investments. While the valuation of the Fund’s publicly-traded securities are more readily ascertainable,
the Fund’s ownership interest in the Private Funds, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, private debt investments, and other private securities that
are not publicly traded will depend on appraisers, service providers, Arrangers, and the Manager to a Private Fund to provide a valuation,
or assistance with a valuation, of the Fund’s investment. Any such valuation is a subjective analysis of the fair market value of
an asset and requires the use of techniques that are costly and time-consuming and ultimately provide no more than an estimate of value.
Moreover, the valuation of the Fund’s investment in a Private Fund, as provided by a Manager as of a specific date, or of the VCMIX
Sub-REIT provided by a property manager, may vary from the fair value of the investment that may be obtained if such investment were sold
to a third party. For information about the value of the Fund’s investment in Private Funds, the Adviser will be dependent on information
provided by the Private Funds, including quarterly unaudited financial statements that, if inaccurate, could adversely affect the Adviser’s
ability to value accurately the Fund’s Shares. |
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Private
Funds Risk. The Private Funds will not be subject to the Investment Company Act, nor will they be publicly traded. As a result,
the Fund’s investments in the Private Funds will not be subject to the protections afforded to shareholders under the Investment
Company Act. These protections include, among others, certain corporate governance standards, such as the requirement of having a certain
percentage of the directors serving on a board as independent directors, statutory protections against self-dealing by the Managers, and
leverage limitations. |
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Further,
the Private Funds are not subject to the same investment limitations as the Fund and may have different and contrary investment limitations
and other policies. Unlike registered investment companies, the Private Funds currently are not obligated by regulations or law to disclose
publicly the contents of their portfolios. As such, the Fund has limited visibility into the underlying investments of the Private Funds,
and is dependent on information provided by the Managers. This lack of transparency may make it difficult for the Adviser to monitor the
sources of the Fund’s income and the allocation of its assets, and otherwise comply with regulations applicable to the Fund, may
result in style drift, and ultimately may limit the universe of Private Funds in which the Fund can invest.
Investment
in Private Funds carries the risk of loss due to Private Funds’ fraud, intentional or inadvertent deviations from a predefined investment
strategy (including excessive concentration, directional investing outside of predefined ranges, excessive leverage or new capital markets),
or poor judgment. During the lifetime of the Fund, there could be material changes in one or more Private Funds, including changes in
control and mergers. The effect of such changes on a Private Fund cannot be predicted but could be material and adverse. Given the limited
liquidity of the Private Funds, the Fund may not be able to alter its portfolio allocation in sufficient time to respond to any such changes,
resulting in substantial losses from risks of Private Funds.
In
order to meet its obligation to provide capital for unfunded commitments, the Fund may be required to hold some, or in certain cases a
substantial amount, of its assets temporarily in money market securities, cash or cash equivalents, possibly for several months; liquidate
portfolio securities at an inopportune time; or borrow under a line of credit. This could make it difficult or impossible to take or liquidate
a position in a particular security at a price consistent with the Adviser’s strategy.
By
investing in the Private Funds indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears two layers of asset-based fees and expenses – at
the Fund level and the Private Fund level – in addition to indirectly bearing any performance fees charged by the Private Fund.
In the aggregate, these fees might exceed the fees that would typically be incurred by a direct investment with a single Private Fund.
The
Fund’s investments in Private Funds are priced according to their fair value, as determined in good faith by the Adviser. These
valuations are based on estimates, which may prove to be inaccurate; these valuations are used to calculate fees payable to the Adviser
and the net asset value of the Fund’s shares. Investors who purchase or redeem Fund shares on days when the Fund is holding fair-valued
investments may receive fewer or more shares or lower or higher redemption proceeds than they would have received if readily available
market values were available for all of the Fund’s investments.
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Joint
Venture Risk. The Fund, directly or indirectly through a Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may enter into joint ventures with unaffiliated
third parties to make investments. In certain of these joint ventures, the Fund may share control with the third-party partner (for example,
the Fund may have approval rights over some or all of the joint venture’s activities and, in limited circumstances, may have the
ability to require that the joint venture take specific actions), even though the Fund may hold a majority of the economic interests of
a joint venture. In many cases, the third-party partner may provide services for the joint venture or its assets, including, without limitation,
management of day-to-day operations, asset management, property management, construction or development management, and leasing, refinancing
or disposition related services. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with other methods of investment. In addition,
disputes between the Fund and its joint venture partners may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase the Fund’s
expenses and prevent the Fund’s Directors and officers from focusing their time and efforts on the Fund’s business. |
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Property
Manager Risk. The Adviser, on behalf of the Fund or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may hire property managers to manage properties and leasing
agents to lease vacancies in properties held directly or indirectly by the VCMIX Sub-REIT. These property managers may be Fund affiliates
or partners in joint ventures. The property managers may have significant decision-making authority with respect to the management of
investment properties. The Fund’s ability to direct and control how its investment properties are managed on a day-to-day basis
may be limited. Thus, the success of the Fund may depend in large part on the ability of property managers to manage the day-to-day operations
and the ability of leasing agents to lease vacancies in properties. Any adversity experienced by, or problems in the Fund’s relationship
with, property managers or leasing agents could adversely impact the operation and profitability of Fund investment properties.
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Loan
Origination Risk. The Fund may originate loans, including, without limitation, loans issued directly to real estate companies or
in connection with projects focused on the management, development, construction, renovation, enhancement, maintenance, and/or operation
of real estate. Loans originated by the Fund may be in the form of whole loans, secured and unsecured notes, senior and second lien loans,
mezzanine loans, bridge loans or similar investments. The Fund may originate loans to public or private entities of all types, including
loans to U.S. and non-U.S. governmental entities or loans issued in connection with projects authorized or sponsored by such entities.
The Fund may originate loans to borrowers that are unrated or have credit ratings that are determined by one or more nationally recognized
statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”) and/or the Adviser to be below investment grade. The loans the Fund invests in
or originates may vary in maturity and/or duration. The Fund is not limited in the amount, size or type of loans it may invest in and/or
originate, including with respect to a single borrower or with respect to borrowers that are determined to be below investment grade,
other than pursuant to any applicable law. |
A
significant portion of the Fund’s investments may be originated, although the Fund’s investment in or origination of loans
may also be limited by the requirements the Fund intends to observe under Subchapter M of the Code in order to qualify as a RIC. The results
of the Fund’s origination activities depend on several factors, including the availability of opportunities for the origination
or acquisition of target investments, the level and volatility of interest rates, the availability of adequate short and long-term financing,
conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions. Further, the Fund’s inability to raise capital and the risk of portfolio
company defaults may materially and adversely affect the Fund’s investment originations, business, liquidity, financial condition,
results of operations and its ability to make distributions to Fund shareholders. After origination, the Fund may offer such investments
for sale to third parties; however, there is no assurance that the Fund will complete the sale of any such investment. If the Fund is
unable to sell, assign, or successfully close transactions for the loans that it originates, the Fund will be forced to hold its interest
in such loans for an indeterminate period of time. This could result in the Fund’s investments being concentrated in certain borrowers.
The Fund will be responsible for the fees and expenses associated with originating a loan (whether or not consummated). This may include
significant legal and due diligence expenses, which will be borne by the Fund and indirectly borne by the shareholders.
Loan
origination subjects the Fund to risks associated with debt instruments more generally, including credit risk, prepayment risk, valuation
risk, and interest rate risk. Competition for originations of and investments in the Fund’s target investments may lead to the price
of such assets increasing or the decrease of interest income from loans originated by the Fund, which may further limit its ability to
generate desired returns. In addition, as a result of this competition, desirable investments in the Fund’s target investments may
be limited in the future, and the Fund may not be able to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities from time to time, as
the Fund can provide no assurance that the Adviser will be able to identify and make investments that are consistent with its investment
objectives. In addition, the Fund may originate certain of its investments with the expectation of later syndicating a portion of such
investment to third parties. Prior to such syndication, or if such syndication is not successful, the Fund’s exposure to the originated
investment may exceed the exposure that the Adviser intended to have over the long-term or would have had had it purchased such investment
in the secondary market rather than originating it.
Loan
originators are subject to certain state law licensing and regulatory requirements and loan origination and servicing companies are routinely
involved in legal proceedings concerning matters that arise in the ordinary course of their business. In addition, a number of participants
in the loan origination and servicing industry (including control persons of industry participants) have been the subject of regulatory
actions by state regulators, including state Attorneys General, and by the federal government. Governmental investigations, examinations,
regulatory actions, or private lawsuits may adversely affect such companies’ financial results. To the extent the Fund engages in
loan origination and/or servicing, the Fund will be subject to enhanced risks of litigation, regulatory actions, and other proceedings.
As a result, the Fund may be required to pay legal fees, settlement costs, damages, penalties, or other charges, any or all of which could
materially adversely affect the Fund and its holdings.
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Access
Risk. The Adviser is reliant on its relationships with Arrangers in connection with the Adviser’s management of the Fund.
To the extent the Adviser is unable to develop or maintain relationships with qualified Arrangers, the Adviser may have difficulty ensuring
the Fund’s access to suitable investment opportunities. On an ongoing basis, it cannot be certain that the Adviser and/or the Arrangers
will be able to |
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continue
to locate a sufficient number of suitable investment opportunities to allow the Fund to fully implement its investment strategy. In addition,
privately negotiated investments in loans and illiquid securities of private companies require substantial due diligence and structuring,
and the Fund may not be able to achieve its anticipated investment pace. These factors increase the uncertainty, and thus the risk, of
investing in the Fund. To the extent the Fund is unable to deploy its capital, its investment income and, in turn, the results of its
operations, will likely be materially adversely affected.
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Market
Disruption, Health Crises, Terrorism and Geopolitical Risks. The Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by the broad
investment environment in the real estate market, the debt market and/or the equity securities market. The investment environment is influenced
by, among other things, interest rates, inflation, politics, fiscal policy, current events, competition, productivity and technological
and regulatory change. In addition, the Fund may be adversely affected by uncertainties such as war, terrorism, international political
developments, sanctions or embargos, tariffs and trade wars, changes in government policies, global health crises or similar pandemics,
and other related geopolitical events may lead to increased short-term market volatility and have adverse long-term effects on world economies
and markets generally, as well as adverse effects on issuers of securities and the value of investments. |
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Currency
and Exchange Rate Risks. The Fund may engage in practices and strategies that will result in exposure to fluctuations in foreign
exchange rates, including through investments in the Private Funds and Real Estate Securities, in which case the Fund will be subject
to foreign currency risk. The Fund’s Shares are priced in U.S. dollars and the capital contributions to, and distributions from,
the Fund are paid in U.S. dollars. However, because a portion of the Fund’s assets may be denominated directly in foreign (non-U.S.)
currencies or in securities that trade in, and receive revenues in, foreign (non-U.S.) currencies, the Fund will be subject to the risk
that those currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will
decline in value relative to the currency being hedged. Currency rates in foreign (non-U.S.) countries may fluctuate significantly over
short periods of time for a number of reasons. These fluctuations may have a significant adverse impact on the value of the Fund’s
portfolio and/or the level of Fund distributions. |
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Environmental
and Unforeseen Liabilities Risk. The Fund could face substantial risk of loss from claims based on environmental problems associated
with the real estate underlying the Fund’s investments, including claims in connection with adverse effects from global climate
change. For example, persistent wildfires, a rise in sea levels, an increase in powerful windstorms and/or a storm-driven increase in
flooding could cause properties to lose value or become unmarketable altogether. Furthermore, changes in environmental laws or in the
environmental condition of an asset may create liabilities that did not exist at the time of the acquisition of such investment by the
Fund and that could not have been foreseen. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible
for, the presence of such environmental condition. Divestment trends tied to concerns about climate change could also adversely affect
the value of certain assets. In addition, the Fund could be affected by undisclosed matters, including, but not limited to, legal easements,
breaches of planning legislation, building regulations and statutory regimes, and duties payable to municipalities and counties. It is
therefore possible that the Fund could acquire an investment affected by such matters, which may have a material adverse effect on the
value of such investments. |
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Business
and Regulatory Risks. Legal, tax and regulatory changes (including laws relating to taxation of the Fund’s investments, trade
barriers and currency exchange controls), as well as general economic and market conditions (such as interest rates, availability of credit,
credit defaults, inflation rates and general economic uncertainty) and national and international political circumstances, may adversely
affect the Fund. |
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Fees
and Expenses Risk. By investing in the Private Funds, Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder
bears two layers of fees and expenses – at the Fund level and the Private Fund, Subsidiary, or the VCMIX Sub-REIT level –
in addition to indirectly bearing any performance fees charged by a Private Fund. In the aggregate, these fees and expenses could be substantial
and adversely affect the value of any investment in the Fund. The Adviser has contractually agreed to reduce its Investment Management
Fee paid by the Fund in an amount equal to any management fees it receives from the VCMIX Subsidiary and to waive any management fees
it receives from the VCMIX Sub-REIT in order to avoid “double-counting” assets. In addition, to the extent investment opportunities
are made available through Arrangers, the Fund will be responsible for sourcing fees and other compensation. |
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Focused
Investment Risk. The Fund may, from time to time, invest a substantial portion of its assets in a particular asset type, industry,
sector, geographic location or securities instrument. As a result, the Fund’s portfolio may be subject to greater risk and volatility
than if investments had been made in a broader diversification of investments in terms of asset type, industry, sector, geographic location
or securities instrument. To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio is focused in a property type, industry, sector, geographic location
or securities instrument, the risk of any investment decision is increased. |
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Issuer
Risk. Issuer risk is the risk that the value of a security may decline for a reason directly related to the issuer, such as management
performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or service. |
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High
Yield Securities Risk. High yield securities (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”) are below investment grade debt
securities or comparable unrated securities and are considered predominantly speculative. Lower rated and comparable unrated debt securities
tend to offer higher yields than higher rated securities with the same maturities because the historical financial condition of the issuers
of such securities may not have been as strong as that of other issuers. However, lower rated securities generally involve greater risks
of loss of income and principal than higher rated securities. Changes in economic conditions are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity
for the issuers of these securities to make principal payments and interest payments. An economic recession could disrupt the market for
high yield securities and may have an adverse impact on the value of such securities. An economic downturn also could adversely affect
the ability of leveraged issuers to service their debt obligations or to repay their obligations upon maturity. Factors having an adverse
impact on the market value of lower quality securities will have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV to the extent that it invests
in such securities. In addition, the Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in
payment of principal or interest on its portfolio holdings or to take other steps to protect its investment in an issuer. |
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Diversification
Risk. The Fund is a “non-diversified” management investment company under the Investment Company Act. This means that
the Fund may invest a greater portion of its assets in a limited number of issuers than would be the case if the Fund were classified
as a “diversified” management investment company. Accordingly, the Fund may be subject to greater risk with respect to its
portfolio securities than a “diversified” fund because changes in the financial condition or market assessment of a single
issuer may cause greater fluctuation in the value of its interests. |
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Reliance
on Key Persons Risk. The Fund relies on the services of certain executive officers who have relevant knowledge of Real Estate-Related
Investments, debt, and real estate assets, and familiarity with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and investment features.
The loss of the services of any of these key personnel could have a material adverse impact on the Fund. |
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Privately
Placed Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in non-exchange traded securities, including privately placed securities, which are
subject to liquidity and valuation risks. These risks may make it difficult for those securities to be traded or valued, especially in
the event of adverse economic and liquidity conditions or adverse changes in the issuer’s financial condition. The market for certain
non-exchange traded securities may be limited to institutional investors, subjecting such investments to further liquidity risk if a market
were to limit institutional trading. There may also be less information available regarding such non-exchange traded securities than for
publicly traded securities, which may make it more difficult for the Adviser to fully evaluate the risks of investing in such securities
and as a result place a Fund’s assets at greater risk of loss than if the Adviser had more complete information. In addition, the
issuers of non-exchange traded securities may be distressed, insolvent, or delinquent in filing information needed to be listed on an
exchange. Disposing of non-exchange traded securities, including privately placed securities, may involve time-consuming negotiation and
legal expenses, and selling them promptly at an acceptable price may be difficult or impossible. |
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Underlying
Investment Risk. By investing through certain investment vehicles, including the VCMIX Sub-REIT or one or more Subsidiaries, the
Fund is exposed to the risks associated with the investments of such vehicles. There can be no assurance that the investment objective
of an underlying investment vehicle will be achieved. Neither the Subsidiaries nor the VCMIX Sub-REIT will be registered under the Investment
Company Act, and therefore such entities are not subject to all of the investor protections of the Investment Company Act. Changes in
the laws of the United States and/or the jurisdiction in which a Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT is organized could result in the inability
of the Fund, a Subsidiary, and/or the VCMIX Sub-REIT to operate as intended and could adversely affect the Fund. |
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Tax
Risks - Fund. Special tax risks are associated with an investment in the Fund. Because the Fund intends to qualify and has elected
to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code, it must satisfy, among other requirements, diversification and 90% gross income
requirements, and a requirement that it distribute at least 90% of its ordinary income and net short-term gains in the form of deductible
dividends. These requirements for qualification for the favorable tax treatment available to RICs require that the Adviser obtain information
from or about the Private Funds in which the Fund is invested. However, Private Funds generally are not obligated to disclose the contents
of their portfolios. This lack of transparency may make it difficult for the Adviser to monitor the sources of the Fund’s income
and the diversification of its assets, and otherwise to comply with Subchapter M of the Code. Ultimately, this may limit the universe
of Private Funds in which the Fund can invest and may adversely bear on the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter
M of the Code. |
|
• |
Tax
Risks – Subsidiaries and the VCMIX Sub-REIT. In order to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund must limit its
investment in any one issuer or any two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades
or businesses to no more than 25% of the Fund’s total assets. It is possible that the VCMIX Sub-REIT, VCMIX Subsidiary, and/or any
other Subsidiary will be treated as engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses for this purpose. As a result, the Fund
may be required to limit its investment in such entities in the aggregate to 25% of the Fund’s total assets. |
VCMIX
Subsidiary has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A RIC generally does not take into account
income earned by a U.S. corporation in which it invests unless and until the corporation distributes such income to the RIC as a dividend.
Where a Subsidiary, such as VCMIX Subsidiary, is organized in the U.S., the Subsidiary will be liable for an entity-level U.S. federal
income tax on its income from U.S. and non-U.S. sources, as well as any applicable state taxes, which will reduce the Fund’s return
on its investment in the Subsidiary. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income
of the Fund. Changes in the tax laws of the United States and/or the any state in which a Subsidiary is organized could result in the
inability of the Fund and/or the Subsidiary to operate as described in this Prospectus and the Fund’s SAI and could adversely affect
the Fund and its shareholders.
|
• |
Tax
Risks – Sub-REIT. The VCMIX Sub-REIT will elect to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As long as certain
requirements are met, a REIT generally is not subject to entity-level tax on the income and gain it distributes to shareholders. In order
to qualify as a REIT under the Code, the VCMIX Sub-REIT must satisfy a number of requirements on a continuing basis, including requirements
regarding the composition of its assets, sources of its gross income, distributions and stockholder ownership. The Fund intends to structure
the VCMIX Sub-REIT and its activities in a manner designed to satisfy all of these requirements. However, the application of such requirements
is not entirely clear, and it is possible that the IRS may interpret or apply those requirements in a manner that jeopardizes the ability
of the VCMIX Sub-REIT to satisfy all of the requirements for qualification as a REIT. |
|
• |
REITs
Risk. The Fund will have exposure to real estate indirectly through Private Funds and entities that are intended to qualify as
REITs, including the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The risks of investing in REITs include certain risks associated with the real estate industry in
general. See “Real Estate-Related Securities Risk” in this section. Investments in REITs also involve unique risks.
REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume, and may be more volatile than other securities.
In addition, to the extent the Fund holds interests in REITs, investors in the Fund may bear two layers of asset-based management fees
and expenses (directly at the Fund level and indirectly at the REIT level), in addition to indirectly bearing any performance fees charged
by a Private Fund. In addition, REITs may fail to qualify for the favorable tax treatment available to REITs or may fail to maintain their
exemptions from investment company registration. Qualification as a REIT under the Code in any particular year is a complex analysis that
depends on a number of factors. There can be no guarantee that any entity in or through which the Fund invests will qualify as a REIT.
An entity that fails to qualify as a REIT would be subject to a corporate level tax, would not be entitled to a deduction for dividends
paid to its shareholders and would not pass through to its shareholders the character of income earned by the entity. If the Fund were
to invest in an entity that failed to qualify as a REIT, such failure could significantly reduce the Fund’s yield on that investment
and could adversely affect the Fund’s NAV. |
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OF CONTENTS
|
• |
Hedging
Transactions Risk. Hedging transactions may limit the opportunity for gain if the value of the portfolio position should increase.
There can be no assurance that the Fund or a Private Fund will engage in hedging transactions at any given time, even under volatile market
conditions, or that any hedging transactions the Fund or a Private Fund engages in will be successful. Moreover, it may not be possible
for the Fund or a Private Fund to enter into a hedging transaction at a price sufficient to protect its assets. The Fund or a Private
Fund may not anticipate a particular risk so as to hedge against it. |
|
• |
Market
Capitalization Risk. The Sub-Advisers may invest in equity securities without restriction as to market capitalization, such as
those issued by medium-sized and smaller capitalization companies, including micro-cap companies, which may involve higher risks in some
respects than do investments in securities of larger companies. Those securities, particularly smaller-capitalization stocks, involve
higher risks in some respects than do investments in securities of larger companies. Small-cap and micro-cap stocks typically involve
greater risks of loss and price fluctuations because their earnings and revenues tend to be less predictable, their share prices tend
to be more volatile, and their markets less liquid than stocks of companies with larger market capitalizations. |
|
• |
Emerging
Markets Risk. Investing in securities of companies based in emerging countries or issued by the governments of such countries involves
certain considerations not usually associated with investing in securities of developed countries or of companies located in developed
countries, including political and economic considerations. In addition, accounting and financial reporting standards that prevail in
certain of such countries generally are not equivalent to standards in more developed countries and, consequently, less information is
available to investors in companies located in these countries than is available to investors in companies located in more developed countries.
There also is less regulation, generally, of the securities markets in emerging countries than there is in more developed countries. |
|
• |
Direct
Lending Risk. To the extent the Fund is the sole lender in privately offered debt, it may be solely responsible for the expense
of servicing that debt, including, if necessary, taking legal actions to foreclose on any security instrument securing the debt (e.g.,
the mortgage or, in the case of a mezzanine loan, the pledge). This may increase the risk and expense to the Fund compared to syndicated
or publicly offered debt. |
|
• |
LIBOR
Transition and Reference Benchmark Risk. Certain instruments in which the Fund invests have historically relied upon the London
Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), an average offered interest rate for various maturities of short-term loans between certain
major international banks. The terms of investments, financings or other transactions (including certain derivatives transactions) to
which the Fund may be a party have historically been tied to LIBOR. In connection with the global transition away from LIBOR led by regulators
and market participants, LIBOR was last published on a representative basis at the end of June 2023. Alternative reference rates
to LIBOR have been established in most major currencies and markets in these new rates are continuing to develop. The transition away
from LIBOR to the use of replacement rates has gone relatively smoothly but the full impact of the transition on the Fund or the financial
instruments in which the Fund invest cannot yet be fully determined. |
In
addition, interest rates or other types of rates and indices which are classed as “benchmarks” have been the subject of ongoing
national and international regulatory reform, including under the European Union regulation on indices used as benchmarks in financial
instruments and financial contracts (known as the “Benchmarks Regulation”). The Benchmarks Regulation has been enacted into
United Kingdom law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended), subject to amendments made by the Benchmarks (Amendment
and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI 2019/657) and other statutory instruments. Following the implementation of
these reforms, the manner of administration of benchmarks has changed and may further change in the future, with the result that relevant
benchmarks may perform differently than in the past, the use of benchmarks that are not compliant with the new standards by certain supervised
entities may be restricted, and certain benchmarks may be eliminated entirely. Such changes could cause increased market volatility and
disruptions in liquidity for instruments that rely on or are impacted by such benchmarks. Additionally, there could be other consequences
which cannot be predicted.
|
• |
Cybersecurity
Risk. The Fund is susceptible to operational and information security risks relating to technologies such as the Internet. Cyber
incidents affecting the Fund or its service providers have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially
resulting in financial losses, impediments to trading, the inability of the Fund to transact business, violations of applicable privacy
and other laws, |
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regulatory
fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. Similar adverse consequences
could result from cyber incidents affecting the Fund investments, counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions, governmental
and other regulatory authorities, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions. In addition, substantial
costs may be incurred in order to prevent cyber incidents in the future.
|
• |
Inflation/Deflation
Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases
the value of money. Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of portfolio investments,
resulting in lower asset values and losses to Fund investors. Inflation rates may change frequently and drastically as a result of various
factors, including unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy, and the Fund’s investments may not keep pace with inflation,
which may result in losses to Fund shareholders or adversely affect the real value of investments in the Fund. This risk may be elevated
compared to historical market conditions because of the historically high prevailing inflation rates, recent current events, monetary
policy measures, regulatory changes, and the current interest rate environment. Deflation risk is the risk that the prices throughout
the economy decline over time—the opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers
and may make issuer default more likely, which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio. |
|
• |
Settlement
Risk. In May 2024, the standard settlement cycle for numerous types of U.S. securities, including many of the securities in
which the Fund invests, moved to T+1 from T+2. The Fund has worked with its service providers to prepare for the shortened settlement
cycle and to understand and mitigate the potential impacts of shortened settlement on the Fund. However, this reduced settlement cycle
may result in additional risks and implementation costs to the Fund to the extent that certain Fund investments have longer settlement
cycles. |
You
should invest in the Fund only if you can sustain a complete loss of your investment. An investment in the Fund should be viewed only
as part of an overall investment program. No assurance can be given that the Fund’s investment program will be successful.
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OF CONTENTS
The
following table summarizes the expenses of the Fund and is intended to assist shareholders and potential investors in understanding the
various costs and expenses that they will bear, directly or indirectly, by investing in the Fund. Each figure below relates to a percentage
of the Fund’s daily NAV over the course of a year. The following table has been prepared under the assumption that the weighted
average net assets over a fiscal year will be approximately $2.1 billion, which is the Fund’s net assets as of March 31,
2024. The total expenses associated with the Fund are higher than those of other types of funds that do not invest primarily in other
investment vehicles. This is because the shareholders of the Fund pay the Investment Management Fee to the Adviser and also pay the fees
and expenses charged by the Private Funds (indirectly) and Sub-Advisers acting as sub-advisers, to the extent the assets of the Fund are
invested in Private Funds or have been allocated to Sub-Advisers acting as sub-advisers.
| | | | |
| Shareholder Transaction Expenses
| | | |
| Maximum Sales Load (percentage of offering price)(1) | | | None |
| Dividend Reinvestment Fees | | | None |
| Maximum Early Withdrawal Charge | | | None |
| Annual Fund Operating Expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable to Shares)(2)
| | | |
| Management Fees(3) | | | 1.04% |
| Other Expenses(4) | | | 0.14% |
| Interest Payments on Borrowed Funds(5) | | | 0.20% |
| Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(6) | | | 0.00% |
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses(7) | | | 1.38% |
| | | | |
| (3)
| Management
Fees include the Investment Management Fee paid to the Adviser at an annual rate of 0.95%
of NAV, which accrues daily and is payable quarterly in arrears. To the extent the Fund utilizes
a Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the Adviser contractually agrees
to reduce the Investment Management Fee paid by the Fund in an amount equal to any management
fees it receives from a Subsidiary and to waive any management fees payable by the VCMIX
Sub-REIT, such that, for the collective net assets of the Fund and the Subsidiaries and the
VCMIX Sub-REIT, the total Investment Management Fee is calculated at a rate of 0.95%. Each of these waivers may be terminated only upon approval by the Directors of the Fund, including a majority of the Independent Directors. Management Fees also include fees and expenses
of the Sub-Advisers in their capacity as sub-advisers. That portion of the management fees,
0.09%, has been restated to reflect current fees based on the amount of assets managed by
the Sub-Advisers at the Fund’s fiscal year ended March 31, 2024. The fees such
Sub-Advisers charge the Fund are based on the Sub-Adviser’s sub-advisory agreement.
The Management Fees paid to a Sub-Adviser in its capacity as a sub-adviser are assessed on
a sliding scale and ranging from 1.0% down to 0.45% based on assets under management and
is payable in arrears on a monthly or quarterly basis. Based upon the assumptions above,
this translates to a weighted average fee of approximately 0.61% of the allocable portion
of the Fund’s assets managed by such Sub-Advisers. |
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Example
The
following example illustrates the hypothetical Annual Fund Operating Expenses that you would pay on a $1,000 investment in the Fund assuming
a 5% return and that annual expenses attributable to Shares remain unchanged. The example assumes that you invest $1,000 in the Fund for
the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example
does not present actual expenses and should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual Fund expenses may be greater
or less than those shown.
The
purpose of the tables above is to assist you in understanding the various costs and expenses you would bear directly or indirectly as
a shareholder of the Fund. For a more complete description of the various costs and expenses of the Fund. See “Management of the
Fund.”
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OF CONTENTS
The
information in the table below for the Fund’s Common Shares (formerly “I-Shares”) for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020 is derived from the Fund’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024
audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report
on such financial statements is contained in the Fund’s March 31, 2024 Annual Report and is incorporated by reference into
the Statement of Additional Information. The information in the table below for the Fund’s Common Shares for the six months ended
September 30, 2024 has not been audited.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Asset Value, Beginning of Year |
|
|
$24.99 |
|
|
$28.23 |
|
|
$31.42 |
|
|
$27.57 |
|
|
$26.95 |
|
|
$28.22
|
|
Income
from Investment Operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income(a) |
|
|
0.23 |
|
|
0.48 |
|
|
0.55 |
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
0.56 |
|
|
0.67
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
|
|
0.35 |
|
|
(2.67) |
|
|
(2.58) |
|
|
5.20 |
|
|
1.12 |
|
|
(0.74)
|
|
Total
from investment operations |
|
|
0.58 |
|
|
(2.19) |
|
|
(2.03) |
|
|
5.76 |
|
|
1.68 |
|
|
(0.07)
|
|
Less
Distributions to Shareholders from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
from Net Investment Income and
Net Realized Gains |
|
|
(0.23) |
|
|
— |
|
|
(0.62) |
|
|
(1.82)
(b) |
|
|
(0.86) |
|
|
(0.73)
|
|
Return
of Capital |
|
|
(0.27) |
|
|
(1.05) |
|
|
(0.54) |
|
|
(0.09) |
|
|
(0.20) |
|
|
(0.47)
|
|
Total
Distributions |
|
|
(0.50) |
|
|
(1.05) |
|
|
(1.16) |
|
|
(1.91) |
|
|
(1.06) |
|
|
(1.20)
|
|
Net
Asset Value, End of Year |
|
|
$25.07 |
|
|
$24.99 |
|
|
$28.23 |
|
|
$31.42 |
|
|
$27.57 |
|
|
$26.95
|
|
Total
Return Based on Net Asset Value |
|
|
2.61%(c) |
|
|
(8.06)% |
|
|
(5.92)% |
|
|
21.04% |
|
|
6.00
% |
|
|
(0.27)%
|
|
Ratios
and Supplemental Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Assets at end of period (000’s) |
|
|
$1,993,203 |
|
|
$2,131,341 |
|
|
$2,723,823 |
|
|
$3,213,495 |
|
|
$2,496,261 |
|
|
$2,965,212
|
|
Ratios
of gross expenses to average net assets |
|
|
1.39%(d) |
|
|
1.38% |
|
|
1.25% |
|
|
1.24% |
|
|
1.20% |
|
|
1.19%
|
|
Ratios
of net expenses to average net assets |
|
|
1.39%(d) |
|
|
1.38% |
|
|
1.25% |
|
|
1.24% |
|
|
1.20% |
|
|
1.19%
|
|
Ratios
of net investment income to average net
assets |
|
|
1.89%(d) |
|
|
1.80% |
|
|
1.81% |
|
|
1.90% |
|
|
2.09% |
|
|
2.37%
|
|
Portfolio
turnover rate |
|
|
5.06%(c) |
|
|
8.84% |
|
|
24.11% |
|
|
33.66% |
|
|
26.19% |
|
|
15.77% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
Per Share amounts are calculated
based on average outstanding shares. |
|
(b)
|
Includes one-time distribution
of net realized gains of $0.74 per share paid on December 29, 2021. |
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
The
information in the table below for the Fund’s Common Shares (formerly “I-Shares”) for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015, is derived from the Fund’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Asset Value, Beginning of Year |
|
|
$27.70 |
|
|
$27.52 |
|
|
$27.30 |
|
|
$26.47 |
|
|
$25.47
|
|
Income
from Investment Operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
investment income(a) |
|
|
0.77 |
|
|
0.65 |
|
|
0.67 |
|
|
0.65 |
|
|
0.64
|
|
Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
|
|
0.99 |
|
|
0.79 |
|
|
0.85 |
|
|
1.46 |
|
|
1.62
|
|
Total
from investment operations |
|
|
1.76 |
|
|
1.44 |
|
|
1.52 |
|
|
2.11 |
|
|
2.26
|
|
Less
Distributions to Shareholders from:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution
from Net Investment Income |
|
|
(0.79) |
|
|
(0.61) |
|
|
(0.75) |
|
|
(0.39) |
|
|
(0.95)
|
|
Return
of Capital |
|
|
(0.45) |
|
|
(0.65) |
|
|
(0.55) |
|
|
(0.89) |
|
|
(0.31)
|
|
Total
Distributions |
|
|
(1.24) |
|
|
(1.26) |
|
|
(1.30) |
|
|
(1.28) |
|
|
(1.26)
|
|
Net
Asset Value, End of Year |
|
|
$28.22 |
|
|
$27.70 |
|
|
$27.52 |
|
|
$27.30 |
|
|
$26.47
|
|
Total
Return Based on Net Asset Value |
|
|
6.70% |
|
|
5.32% |
|
|
5.79% |
|
|
8.58% |
|
|
8.74%
|
|
Ratios
and Supplemental Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Assets at end of period (000’s) |
|
|
$2,797,314 |
|
|
$2,184,488 |
|
|
$1,390,152 |
|
|
$688,906 |
|
|
$156,577
|
|
Ratios
of gross expenses to average net assets |
|
|
1.17% |
|
|
1.24% |
|
|
1.27% |
|
|
1.35% |
|
|
1.89%
|
|
Ratios
of net expenses to average net assets |
|
|
1.17% |
|
|
1.24% |
|
|
1.27% |
|
|
1.34% |
|
|
1.46%
|
|
Ratios
of net investment income to average net
assets |
|
|
2.77% |
|
|
2.37% |
|
|
2.45% |
|
|
2.44% |
|
|
2.50%
|
|
Portfolio
turnover rate |
|
|
13.48% |
|
|
13.03% |
|
|
24.97% |
|
|
20.93% |
|
|
39.83% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
Per Share amounts are calculated
based on average outstanding shares. |
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
RISK
FACTORS
An
investment in the Fund is subject to a high degree of risk. Risks of investing in the Fund, or in an investment vehicle managed by Managers
(as defined below) utilized by the Fund, include, but are not limited to, those outlined below. For purposes of this section, references
to “the Adviser” should be read to include the Sub-Advisers and the Managers and references to “the Fund” should
be read to include the Private Funds, the Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT, in each case as applicable. The principal risks of the
Fund reflect the aggregate operations of the Fund, its Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT. You should consider carefully the risks before
investing in the Shares. You may also wish to consult with your legal and tax advisors before deciding whether to invest in the Fund.
Real
Estate-Related Securities Risk
The
Fund will not invest in real estate directly, but will invest in real estate-related debt, consisting of mezzanine and first mortgage
debt, and directly in real estate through the VCMIX Sub-REIT and other entities that qualify to be treated for tax purposes as REITs or
investment vehicles treated similarly as private REITs for tax purposes. In general, real estate values can be affected by a variety of
factors, including supply and demand for properties, the economic health of the country or of different regions, and the strength of specific
industries that rent properties. REIT share prices may decline because of adverse developments affecting the real estate industry and
real property values.
The
following risks may affect real estate markets generally or specific assets and include, without limitation, general economic and social
climate, regional and local real estate conditions, the supply of and demand for properties, the financial resources of tenants, competition
for tenants from other available properties, the ability of the Private Funds to manage the real properties, changes in building, environmental,
tax or other applicable laws, changes in real property tax rates, changes in interest rates, negative developments in the economy that
depress travel activity, uninsured casualties, acts of God and other factors which are beyond the control of the Fund and the Adviser.
Furthermore, changes in interest rates or the availability of debt may render the investment in real estate assets difficult or unattractive.
The possibility of partial or total loss of capital will exist and investors should not subscribe unless they can readily bear the consequences
of such loss. Many of these factors could cause fluctuations in occupancy rates, rent schedules or operating expenses, resulting in a
negative effect on the value of real estate assets. Valuation of real estate assets may fluctuate. The capital value of the Fund’s
investments may be significantly diminished in the event of a downward turn in real estate market prices.
Moreover,
certain expenditures associated with real estate, such as taxes, debt service, maintenance costs and insurance, tend to increase over
time and, in most cases, are not decreased by events adversely affecting rental revenues such as an unforeseen downturn in the real estate
market, a lack of investor confidence in the market or a softening of demand. Thus, the cost of operating a property may exceed the rental
income thereof. Insurance to cover losses and general liability in respect of properties may not be available or may be available only
at prohibitive costs to cover losses from ongoing operations and other risks such as terrorism, earthquake, flood or environmental contamination.
Even with comprehensive insurance to permit replacement in the event of total loss, certain types of losses are uninsurable or are not
economically insurable, and the Fund will have no control over whether such insurance is maintained by the issuers in which it invests.
The
Fund will invest in commercial real estate loans, mortgage loans, CMBS, B-Notes, mezzanine loans, and other similar types of investments.
Certain factors may affect materially and adversely the market price and yield of such debt securities, including investor demand, changes
in the financial condition of the borrower, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. Commercial real estate
loans are secured by multifamily or commercial property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure. The ability of a borrower
to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property
rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced,
the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Net operating income of an income-producing property can be affected by,
among other things: tenant mix, success of tenant businesses, property management decisions, property location and condition, competition
from comparable types of properties, changes in laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged, any need to
address environmental contamination at the property, the occurrence of any uninsured casualty at the property, changes in national, regional
or local economic conditions and/or specific industry segments, declines in regional or local real estate values, declines in regional
or local rental or occupancy rates, increases in interest rates, real estate tax rates and other operating expenses, and changes in governmental
rules, regulations and fiscal policies, including environmental legislation, natural disasters, terrorism, social unrest and civil disturbances.
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In
the event of any default under a mortgage loan held by the Fund, the Fund will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency
between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect
on the Fund’s cash flow from operations. In the event of a default by a borrower on a non-recourse loan, the only recourse for the
holder of that investment will be to the underlying asset (including any escrowed funds and reserves) collateralizing the loan. If a borrower
defaults on a commercial real estate loan and the underlying asset collateralizing the commercial real estate loan is insufficient to
satisfy the outstanding balance of the commercial real estate loan, this may cause a loss of principal or interest for the Fund. In addition,
even if with recourse to a borrower’s assets, there may not be full recourse to such assets in the event of a borrower bankruptcy.
Foreclosure
of a mortgage loan can be an expensive and lengthy process that could have a substantial negative effect on anticipated returns on the
foreclosed mortgage loan. In the event of the bankruptcy of a mortgage loan borrower, the mortgage loan to such borrower will be deemed
to be secured only to the extent of the value of the underlying collateral at the time of bankruptcy (as determined by the bankruptcy
court), and the lien securing the mortgage loan will be subject to the avoidance powers of the bankruptcy trustee or debtor-in-possession
to the extent the lien is unenforceable under state law.
If
the Fund makes or invests in mortgage loans and there are defaults under those mortgage loans, the Fund may not be able to repossess and
sell the underlying properties in a timely manner. The resulting time delay could reduce the value of the investment in the defaulted
mortgage loans. An action to foreclose on a property securing a mortgage loan is regulated by state statutes and regulations and is subject
to many of the delays and expenses of other lawsuits if the defendant raises defenses or counterclaims. In the event of default by a mortgagor,
these restrictions, among other things, may impede the Fund’s ability to foreclose on or sell the mortgaged property or to obtain
proceeds sufficient to repay all amounts due to the Fund on the mortgage loan.
B-Notes.
The Fund may invest in B-Notes. A B-Note is a mortgage loan typically (i) secured by a first mortgage on a single large commercial
property or group of related properties and (ii) subordinated to an A-Note secured by the same first mortgage on the same collateral.
As a result, if a borrower defaults, there may not be sufficient funds remaining for B-Note holders after payment to the A-Note holders.
Since each transaction is privately negotiated, B-Notes can vary in their structural characteristics and risks. For example, the rights
of holders of B-Notes to control the process following a borrower default may be limited in certain investments. The Fund cannot predict
the terms of each B-Note investment and does not have control over the terms of the investments held by a Private Fund. Further,
B-Notes typically are secured by a single property, and so reflect the increased risks associated with a single property compared to a
pool of properties.
Mezzanine
Loans. The Fund may invest in mezzanine loans that take the form of subordinated loans secured by a
pledge of the ownership interests of either the entity owning the real property or an entity that owns (directly or indirectly) the interest
in the entity owning the real property. These types of investments may involve a higher degree of risk than long-term senior mortgage
lending secured by income-producing real property because the investment may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior
lender. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, the Fund may not have
full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy the Fund’s mezzanine loan.
If a borrower defaults on the Fund’s mezzanine loan or debt senior to the Fund’s loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy,
the Fund’s mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt. As a result, the Fund may not recover some or all of the
Fund’s investment. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting
in less equity in the real property and increasing the risk of loss of principal.
The
Fund may acquire interests in subordinated loans and invest in subordinated mortgage-backed securities. In the event a borrower defaults
on a subordinated loan and lacks sufficient assets to satisfy the Fund’s loan, there may be a loss of principal or interest. In
the event a borrower declares bankruptcy, the holder of the investment may not have full recourse to the assets of the borrower, or the
assets of the borrower may not be sufficient to satisfy the loan.
In
general, losses on a mortgage loan included in a securitization will be borne first by the equity holder of the property, then by a cash
reserve fund or letter of credit, if any, and then by the “first loss” subordinated security holder. In the event of default
and the exhaustion of any equity support, reserve fund, letter of credit and any classes of securities junior to those in which held by
the Fund, the Fund may not be able to recover all of the Fund’s investment in the securities purchased. In addition, if the underlying
mortgage portfolio has been overvalued by the originator, or if the
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values
subsequently decline and, as a result, less collateral is available to satisfy interest and principal payments due on the related mortgage-backed
securities, the securities in which the Fund may effectively become the “first loss” position behind the more senior securities,
which may result in significant losses to the Fund.
Investments
in commercial real estate loans are subject to changes in credit spreads. When credit spreads widen, the economic value of such investments
decrease. Even though a loan may be performing in accordance with its loan agreement and the underlying collateral has not changed, the
economic value of the loan may be negatively impacted by the incremental interest foregone from the widened credit spread.
Investment
in long-term fixed rate debt securities will decline in value if long-term interest rates increase. Additionally, investments in floating-rate
debt will be impacted by decreases in interest rates that may have a negative effect on value and interest income. Declines in market
value may ultimately reduce earnings or result in losses to the Fund, which may negatively affect cash available for distribution to shareholders.
The
decline in the broader credit markets related to the sub-prime mortgage dislocation has caused the global financial markets to become
more volatile and the United States homebuilding market has been dramatically impacted as a result. The confluence of the dislocation
in the real estate credit markets with the broad based stress in the United States real estate industry could create a difficult operating
environment for owners of real estate in the near term and investors should be aware that the general risks of the Fund investing in real
estate may be magnified.
Mortgage-Backed
Securities. The
Fund will invest in mortgage-backed securities on commercial real estate. A mortgage-backed security is an obligation of the issuer
backed by a mortgage or pool of mortgages or a direct interest in an underlying pool of mortgages. Some mortgage-backed securities make
payments of both principal and interest at a variety of intervals; others make semi-annual interest payments at a predetermined rate and
repay principal at maturity (like a typical bond). Mortgage-backed securities often have stated maturities of up to thirty years
when they are issued, depending upon the length of the mortgages underlying the securities. Investing in mortgage-backed securities
involves certain risks, including the failure of a counterparty to meet its commitments, adverse interest rate changes and the effects
of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. The yield characteristics of mortgage-backed securities differ from those of traditional fixed
income securities. The major differences typically include more frequent interest and principal payments (usually monthly), the adjustability
of interest rates of the underlying instrument, and the possibility that prepayments of principal may be made substantially earlier than
their final distribution dates. The Fund may also hold mortgage-related securities without insurance or guarantees if the Adviser
determines that the securities meet the Fund’s quality standards. Mortgage-related securities issued by certain private organizations
may not be readily marketable. Mortgage-backed securities may have less potential for capital appreciation than comparable fixed income
securities, due to the likelihood of increased prepayments of mortgages as interest rates decline. If the Fund buys mortgage-backed
securities at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and prepayments of principal by mortgagors (which may be made at any time without penalty)
may result in some loss of the Fund’s principal investment to the extent of the premium paid.
Prepayment
rates are influenced by changes in current interest rates and a variety of economic, geographic, social and other factors and cannot be
predicted with certainty. Both adjustable rate mortgage loans and fixed rate mortgage loans may be subject to a greater rate of principal
prepayments in a declining interest rate environment and to a lesser rate of principal prepayments in an increasing interest rate environment.
Under certain interest rate and prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may fail to recoup fully its investment in mortgage-backed securities
notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental, agency or other guarantee. When the Fund reinvests amounts representing payments
and unscheduled prepayments of principal, it may obtain a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on existing adjustable rate mortgage
pass-through securities. Thus, mortgage-backed securities may be less effective than other types of U.S. government securities as
a means of “locking in” interest rates.
The
value of mortgage-backed securities may also change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers and regulatory or tax changes
adversely affecting the mortgage securities market as a whole. Mortgage-backed securities are also subject to several risks created through
the securitization process. Subordinate mortgage-backed securities are paid interest only to the extent that there are funds available
to make payments. To the extent the collateral pool includes delinquent loans, there is a risk that the interest payment on subordinate
mortgage-backed securities will not be fully paid. Subordinate mortgage-backed securities are also subject to greater credit risk than
those mortgage-backed securities that are more highly rated. In addition, regulatory or tax changes may adversely affect the mortgage
securities markets as a whole. Non-governmental mortgage-backed securities may offer higher yields than those issued by government entities,
but also may be subject to greater price changes than governmental issues.
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Through
its investments in mortgage-backed securities, including those that are issued by private issuers, the Fund may have exposure to subprime
loans as well as to the mortgage and credit markets generally. Private issuers include commercial banks, savings associations, mortgage
companies, investment banking firms, finance companies and special purpose finance entities and other entities that acquire and package
mortgage loans for resale as mortgage-backed securities. Unlike mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government
or one of its sponsored entities, mortgage-backed securities issued by private issuers do not have a government or government-sponsored
entity guarantee, but may have credit enhancement provided by external entities such as banks or financial institutions or achieved through
the structuring of the transaction itself.
In
addition, mortgage-backed securities that are issued by private issuers are not subject to the underwriting requirements for the underlying
mortgages that are applicable to those mortgage-backed securities that have a government or government-sponsored entity guarantee. As
a result, the mortgage loans underlying private mortgage-backed securities may, and frequently do, have less favorable collateral, credit
risk or other underwriting characteristics than government or government-sponsored mortgage-backed securities and have wider variances
in a number of terms including interest rate, term, size, purpose and borrower characteristics. Privately issued pools more frequently
include second mortgages, high loan-to-value mortgages and manufactured housing loans. The coupon rates and maturities of the underlying
mortgage loans in a private mortgage-backed securities pool may vary to a greater extent than those included in a government guaranteed
pool, and the pool may include subprime mortgage loans. Subprime loans refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories
or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their loans. For these reasons, the loans underlying these securities have had in
many cases higher default rates than those loans that meet government underwriting requirements.
The
risk of non-payment is greater for mortgage-backed securities that are backed by mortgage pools that contain subprime loans, but a level
of risk exists for all loans. Market factors adversely affecting mortgage loan repayments may include a general economic turndown, high
unemployment, a general slowdown in the real estate market, a drop in the market prices of real estate, or an increase in interest rates
resulting in higher mortgage payments by holders of adjustable rate mortgages.
Liquidity
Risk
The
Fund will invest a substantial portion of its assets in restricted securities and other investments that are illiquid. Restricted securities
are securities that may not be sold to the public without an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, or, if they are
unregistered, may be sold only in a privately negotiated transaction or pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities
Act.
Where
registration is required to sell a security, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses, and a considerable
period may elapse between the decision to sell and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration
statement. If during such a period adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than the prevailing
price when it decided to sell. The Fund may be unable to sell restricted and other illiquid securities at the most opportune times or
at attractive prices or at prices approximating the value at which it purchased such securities. The Fund’s portfolio may include
a number of investments for which no market exists and which have substantial restrictions on transferability.
Additionally,
the Fund’s repurchase process could involve substantial complications and delays, as the ability of the Fund to honor repurchase
requests is dependent in part upon the Fund’s ability to make withdrawals from Private Funds which may be delayed, suspended altogether
or not possible because, among other reasons, (i) many Private Funds permit withdrawals only on an infrequent basis, which timing is not
likely to coincide with the repurchase dates of the Fund, (ii) some Private Funds may impose limits (known as “gates”) on
the aggregate amount that a shareholder or all shareholders in the Private Fund may withdraw on any single withdrawal date, and (iii)
the Private Funds’ portfolios may include investments that are difficult to value and that may only be able to be disposed of at
substantial discounts or losses.
In
addition, the Fund’s interests in the Private Funds are subject to substantial restrictions on transfer. The Fund may liquidate
an interest and withdraw from a Private Fund pursuant to limited withdrawal rights. Some Private Funds may subject the Fund to a lockup
period or otherwise suspend the repurchase rights of their shareholders, including the Fund, from time to time. Further, Private Fund
managers may impose transfer restrictions on the Fund’s interests. There may be no secondary market for the Fund’s interests
in the Private Funds. The illiquidity of these interests may adversely affect the Fund were it to have to sell interests at an inopportune
time. Overall, the types of restrictions on investments by the Private Funds affect the Fund’s ability to invest in, hold, vote
the shares of, or sell the Private Funds.
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Furthermore,
the Fund, upon its withdrawal of all or a portion of its interest in a Private Fund, may receive an in-kind distribution of securities
that are illiquid or difficult to value and difficult to dispose of. In addition, each of VCMIX Sub-REIT and the Subsidiaries are expected
to invest in illiquid assets, and the Fund’s investments in such entities will be illiquid. The VCMIX Sub-REIT and the Subsidiaries
may be unable to sell their assets, or be forced to sell them at reduced prices. The Fund also may invest directly in other private securities
that it may not be able to sell at the Fund’s current carrying value for the securities. The illiquidity of these securities may
adversely affect the Fund.
Debt
Securities and Related Investments Risk
The
Fund intends to invest in real estate-related debt securities, including but not limited to senior secured debt, subordinated debt, real-estate
related loans, mezzanine debt, and other similar types of investments. In addition to risks generally associated with debt securities
and related investments (e.g., credit risk, interest rate risk), the Fund’s debt securities
are subject to other risks. Certain factors may affect materially and adversely the market price and yield of such debt securities, including
investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the borrower, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions.
The Fund may invest in debt securities that are unrated, or, if rated, below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield”
securities or “junk bonds”), and whether or not rated, the debt securities may have speculative characteristics. In addition,
there may be transfer restrictions on the private debt securities or, if applicable, the secondary market on which such debt securities
are traded may be less liquid than the market for investment-grade securities, meaning such debt securities are subject to greater liquidity
risk than investment-grade securities, and it may be more difficult to hedge against the risks associated with such debt securities. Debt
securities are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to a real estate company’s capacity to pay interest and repay
principal in accordance with the terms of its obligations and involve risk exposure to adverse market and other financial conditions.
Investments
of the Fund in the form of private debt securities generally are expected to be held for the duration of their term. While from time to
time the Fund may seek to exit an investment prior to maturity, investments are likely to be relatively illiquid. The Fund’s ability
to dispose of investments in such situations may be constrained by a general shortage of local capital and the absence of interest from
third parties who may be seeking to acquire the debt securities and any such exit or disposal may be at a discount.
Credit
Risk
Credit
risk is the risk that an issuer, guarantor or liquidity provider of a fixed-income security held by the Fund may be unable or unwilling,
or may be perceived (whether by market participants, ratings agencies, pricing services or otherwise) as unable or unwilling, to make
timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise honor its obligations. It includes the risk that the security will be downgraded
by a credit rating agency; generally, lower credit quality issuers present higher credit risks. An actual or perceived decline in creditworthiness
of an issuer of a fixed-income security held by the Fund may result in a decrease in the value of the security. It is possible that the
ability of an issuer to meet its obligations will decline substantially during the period when the Fund owns securities of the issuer
or that the issuer will default on its obligations or that the obligations of the issuer will be limited or restructured.
The
credit rating assigned to any particular investment does not necessarily reflect the issuer’s current financial condition and does
not reflect an assessment of an investment’s volatility or liquidity. Securities rated in the lowest category of investment-grade
are considered to have speculative characteristics. If a security held by the Fund loses its rating or its rating is downgraded, the Fund
may nonetheless continue to hold the security in the discretion of the Adviser.
Active
Management Risk
Identifying
and allocating assets among the appropriate investments is difficult and involves a high degree of uncertainty. The performance of the
Fund depends in large part upon the Adviser’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment; the ability of
the Adviser to choose successful Managers; and the ability of the Adviser to develop and implement investment strategies that achieve
the Fund’s investment objective. Although the Adviser monitors the Managers, it is possible that one or more Managers may take substantial
positions in the same instruments or markets at the same time, thereby interfering with the Fund’s investment goals. In addition,
Managers may make investment decisions that conflict with each other; for example, at any particular time, one Manager may be purchasing
shares of an issuer whose shares are being sold by another Manager. Consequently, the Fund indirectly could incur transaction costs without
accomplishing any net investment result.
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Furthermore,
the Managers have varying levels of experience – some may be newly organized and have no, or limited, operating histories. Although
the Adviser receives detailed information from each Manager regarding its historical performance and investment strategy, there may be
some information that the Adviser cannot independently verify. In addition, a particular Manager’s past successful performance is
not necessarily an indication of such Manager’s future performance. There can be no assurance that the Adviser’s assessments
of Managers will prove accurate or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
In
addition, the Adviser and the Managers, like other Fund service providers, are subject to various risks, including risks relating to operations
and back office functions, property management, accounting, administration, risk management, valuation services and reporting. The Adviser
and the Managers may also face competition from other industry participants that may be more established, have larger asset
bases and have larger numbers of qualified management and technical personnel. Additionally, the investment strategies pursued by certain
Managers may evolve over time, which may limit the Adviser’s ability to assess a Manager’s ability to achieve its long-term
investment objective.
While
the Fund and the Adviser will evaluate regularly each Private Fund and its Manager and each Sub-Adviser to determine whether their respective
investment programs are consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and whether the investment performance is satisfactory,
the Adviser will not have any control over the investments made by a Private Fund and limited control over the investments made the Sub-Advisers.
The Adviser’s or a Sub-Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness, relative value, or potential appreciation of a particular
sector, security, or investment strategy may prove to be incorrect, and may cause the Fund to incur losses.
Even
though Private Funds are subject to certain constraints, the Managers may change aspects of their investment strategies without prior
notice to the Fund. The Managers may do so at any time (for example, such change may occur immediately after providing the Adviser with
the quarterly unaudited financial information for the Private Fund). The Adviser may reallocate the Fund’s investments among the
Private Funds, but the Adviser’s ability to do so may be constrained by the withdrawal limitations imposed by the Private Funds.
The Fund’s investments in certain Private Funds may be subject to lock-up periods, during which the Fund may not withdraw its investment.
These withdrawal limitations may prevent the Fund from reacting rapidly to market changes should a Private Fund fail to effect portfolio
changes consistent with such market changes and the demands of the Adviser. Such withdrawal limitations may also restrict the Adviser’s
ability to terminate investments in Private Funds that are poorly performing or have otherwise had adverse changes. The Adviser will engage
in due diligence in an effort to ensure that the Fund’s assets are invested in Private Funds that provide reports that will enable
them to monitor the Fund’s investments as to their overall performance, sources of income, asset valuations, and liabilities; however,
there is no assurance that such efforts will necessarily detect fraud, malfeasance, inadequate back office systems, or other flaws or
problems with respect to the Private Fund’s operations and activities. The Adviser will be dependent on information provided by
the Private Fund, including quarterly unaudited financial statements, which if inaccurate could adversely affect the Adviser’s ability
to manage the Fund’s investment portfolio in accordance with its investment objectives.
Conflicts
of interest may arise from the fact that the Adviser, the Managers and their affiliates may be carrying on substantial investment activities
for other clients in which the Fund has no interest. The Adviser, the Managers, and their respective affiliates manage the assets of and/or
provide advice to registered investment companies, private investment funds and individual accounts (collectively, “Adviser Clients”)
other than the Fund, which could compete for the same investment opportunities as the Fund. In addition, the Adviser, the Managers and
their respective affiliates, and any of their respective officers, directors, partners, members or employees, may invest for their own
accounts in various investment opportunities, including in private investment funds, private investment companies or other investment
vehicles in which the Fund will have no interest. The Adviser, the Managers and their respective affiliates may determine that an investment
opportunity in a particular investment vehicle is appropriate for a particular Adviser Client or for themselves or their officers, directors,
partners, members or employees, but not for the Fund. Situations may arise in which the Adviser, the Managers and/or their respective
affiliates or Adviser Clients have made investments that would have been suitable for investment by the Fund but, for various reasons,
were not pursued by, or available to, the Fund. The investment activities of the Adviser, the Managers and their respective affiliates
and any of their respective officers, directors, partners, members or employees may disadvantage the Fund in certain situations, if, among
other reasons, the investment activities limit the Fund’s ability to invest.
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Furthermore,
the officers or employees of the Adviser will be engaged in substantial activities other than on behalf of the Fund and may have conflicts
of interest in allocating their time and activity among the Fund and Adviser Clients. The Adviser and its respective officers and employees
will devote so much of their time to the affairs of the Fund as in their judgment is necessary and appropriate.
Personnel
of the Adviser may also periodically discuss investment research and due diligence with portfolio managers and other senior personnel
of the Managers and/or their respective affiliates. Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of Adviser Clients.
If, however, the Fund desires to invest in, or withdraw from, the same Private Fund as an Adviser Client, the opportunity will be allocated
equitably. Decisions in this regard are necessarily subjective and there is no requirement that the Fund participate, or participate to
the same extent as the Adviser Clients, in all available investments. In some cases, investments for Adviser Clients may be on terms different
from, and sometimes more favorable than, an investment made on behalf of the Fund. In addition, the Adviser, the Managers and/or their
respective affiliates or Adviser Clients may also have an interest in an account or investment vehicle managed by, or enter into relationships
with, a Sub-Adviser or its affiliates on terms different, and potentially more favorable, than an interest in the Fund, which may adversely
affect the amount the Fund will be able to invest in a Private Fund. In other cases, the Fund may invest in a manner opposite to that
of Adviser Clients (i.e., the Fund buying an investment when Adviser Clients are selling, and
vice-versa). Additionally, because any selling agents or their affiliates may provide brokerage, placement, investment banking and other
financial or advisory services from time to time to one or more accounts or entities managed by the Managers or their affiliates, including
the Private Funds, and receive compensation for providing these services, these relationships could preclude the Fund from engaging in
certain transactions and could constrain the Fund’s investment flexibility. In addition, the Fund is subject to certain limitations
relating to joint transactions with affiliates, which in certain circumstances will limit the Fund’s ability to make investments
or enter into other transactions alongside other Adviser Clients. There can be no assurance that such regulatory restrictions will not
adversely affect the Fund’s ability to capitalize on attractive investment opportunities. Managers may also receive research products
and services in connection with the brokerage services that the Adviser, the Managers managing Private Funds, the Sub-Advisers acting
as sub-advisers, and their respective affiliates may provide from time to time to one or more Manager accounts or to the Fund.
In
addition, there may be a conflict of interest as a result of the fact that the Adviser receives the Investment Management Fee irrespective
of the allocation of the Fund’s assets. This conflict of interest arises because the amount of overall time, expense, and other
resources expended to select and monitor Sub-Advisers may be less than what is expended to select and monitor underlying Private Funds.
If the overall time, expense, and other resources expended by the Adviser to select and monitor Sub-Advisers of the Fund is less than
what the Adviser expends to select and monitor Private Funds, the Adviser will have an incentive to allocate more of the Fund’s
assets to Sub-Advisers. The Board monitors this potential conflict of interest and any effect it may have on the Fund and its shareholders.
Under normal circumstances, the Adviser does not believe that its overall cost and expense will differ materially between selecting and
monitoring Private Funds on the one hand, or in compensating Sub-Advisers, on the other.
Interest
Rate Risk
A
wide variety of factors can cause interest rates or yields of U.S. Treasury securities or other types of bonds to rise (e.g.,
central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, general economic conditions, reduced market demand for low yielding investments, etc.).
Recently, the U.S. Federal Reserve increased interest rates from historically low levels, resulting in rising interest rates across the
financial system. Thus, the Fund currently faces a heightened level of risk associated with high interest rates and/or bond yields. Interest
rate increases may result in a decline in the value of the fixed income or other investments held by the Fund that move inversely to interest
rates. A decline in the value of such investments would result in a decline in the Fund’s NAV. Additionally, further changes in
interest rates could result in additional volatility and could cause Fund shareholders to tender their Shares for repurchase at its regularly
scheduled repurchase intervals. The Fund may need to liquidate portfolio investments at disadvantageous prices in order to meet such repurchases.
Further increases in interest rates could also cause dealers in fixed income securities to reduce their market making activity, thereby
reducing liquidity in these markets. To the extent the Fund holds fixed income securities or other securities that behave similarly to
fixed income securities, the longer the maturity dates are for such securities will result in a higher likelihood of a decrease in value
during periods of rising interest rates.
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Leverage
Risk
There
are significant risks associated with borrowings and leverage. Leverage is a speculative technique that may expose the Fund to greater
risk and increased costs. Investors in the Fund should consider the various risks of leverage, including, without limitation, the risks
described below. There is no assurance that a leveraging strategy would be successful.
Leverage
involves risks and special considerations for shareholders including:
|
• |
the likelihood of greater
volatility of NAV of the Shares, and of the investment return to shareholders, than a comparable portfolio without leverage; |
|
• |
the risk that fluctuations
in interest rates on borrowings and short-term debt that the Fund must pay will reduce the return to the shareholders; |
|
• |
the effect of leverage
in a declining market or a rising interest rate environment, which would likely cause a greater decline in the NAV of the Shares than
if the Fund were not leveraged; |
|
• |
the potential for an increase
in operating costs, which may reduce the Fund’s total return; and |
|
• |
the possibility either
that dividends will fall if the interest and other costs of leverage rise, or that dividends paid on Shares will fluctuate because such
costs vary over time. |
In
the event that the Fund would be required to sell assets at a loss, including in order to redeem or pay off any borrowing, such a sale
would reduce the Fund’s NAV and may make it difficult for the NAV to recover. The Fund nevertheless may continue to use leverage
if the Adviser expects that the benefits to the shareholders of maintaining the leveraged position likely would outweigh a resulting reduction
in the current return.
Certain
types of borrowings by the Fund would result in the Fund being subject to covenants in credit agreements relating to asset coverage and
Fund composition requirements that are more stringent than those currently imposed on the Fund by the Investment Company Act. In addition,
borrowings by the Fund may be made on a secured basis. The Fund’s Custodian will then either segregate the assets securing the Fund’s
borrowings for the benefit of the Fund’s lenders or arrangements will be made with a suitable sub-custodian. If the assets used
to secure a borrowing decrease in value, the Fund may be required to pledge additional collateral to the lender in the form of cash or
securities to avoid liquidation of those assets. In the event of a default, the lenders will have the right, through the Fund’s
Custodian, to liquidate the Fund’s assets, which may include redemption of the Fund’s investments in underlying Private Funds,
without consideration of whether doing so would be in the best interests of the Fund’s shareholders. The rights of any lenders to
the Fund to receive payments of interest on and repayments of principal of borrowings will be senior to the rights of the Fund’s
shareholders, and the terms of the Fund’s borrowings may contain provisions that limit certain activities of the Fund and could
result in precluding the purchase of instruments that the Fund would otherwise purchase.
The
use of leverage involves financial risk and would increase the exposure of the Fund’s investment returns to adverse economic factors
such as rising interest rates, downturns in the economy or deterioration in the condition of the investments. There would be a risk that
operating cash flow available to the Fund would be insufficient to meet required payments and a risk that it would not be possible to
refinance existing indebtedness or that the terms of such refinancing would not be as favorable as the terms of existing indebtedness.
Borrowings by the Fund may be secured by any or all of the assets of the Fund, with the consequences that the Fund may lose more than
its equity stake in any one investment, and may lose all of its capital.
Interest
or other expenses payable by the Fund with respect to its borrowings generally will be based on shorter-term interest rates that would
be periodically reset. So long as the Fund’s portfolio investments provide a higher rate of return (net of applicable Fund expenses)
than the interest rates and other costs to the Fund of such leverage, the investment of the proceeds thereof will generate more income
than will be needed to pay the costs of the leverage. If so, and all other things being equal, the excess may be used to pay higher dividends
to shareholders than if the Fund were not so leveraged. If, however, shorter-term interest rates rise relative to the rate of return on
the Fund’s portfolio, the interest and other costs of leverage to the Fund (including interest expenses on borrowings) could exceed
the rate of return on the investments held by the Fund, thereby reducing return to shareholders. In addition, fees and expenses of any
form of leverage used by the Fund will be borne entirely by the shareholders and will reduce the investment return of the Shares. Therefore,
there can be no assurance that the Fund’s use of leverage will result in a higher yield on the Shares, and it may result in losses.
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In
addition to any borrowing utilized by the Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary, the VCMIX Sub-REIT and the Private Funds in which the Fund invests
may utilize leverage. The Private Funds may be able to borrow, subject to the limitations of their charters and operative documents. While
leverage presents opportunities for increasing the Fund’s, the VCMIX Subsidiary’s, the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s, or a Private
Fund’s total return, it has the effect of potentially increasing losses as well. If income and appreciation on investments made
with borrowed funds are less than the required interest payments on the borrowings, the value of the Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary, the VCMIX
Sub-REIT, or the Private Fund will decrease. Additionally, any event which adversely affects the value of an investment by the Fund, the
VCMIX Subsidiary, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, or a Private Fund would be magnified to the extent the Fund, the VCMIX Subsidiary, the VCMIX Sub-REIT,
or such Private Fund is leveraged. Furthermore, because the Private Funds may themselves incur higher level of leverage than that which
the Fund is permitted, the Fund could be effectively leveraged in an amount far greater than the limit imposed by the Investment Company
Act.
The
cumulative effect of the use of leverage by a Private Fund in a market that moves adversely to such Private Fund’s investments could
result in a substantial loss which would be greater than if the Private Fund were not leveraged. The Adviser typically will target Private
Funds with leverage limitations in the range of 30% to 65% of their gross asset value at the time incurred, as specified in their charters
and operative documents or disclosure documents, as of when the Adviser selects the Private Funds. Furthermore, the Private Funds will
hold their investments in entities organized as REITs, corporations or other entities that provide that the Fund’s risk of loss
will be limited to the amount of the investment by the Fund. Nevertheless, while leverage presents opportunities for increasing a Private
Fund’s, and consequently the Fund’s, total return, it has the effect of potentially increasing losses as well.
Equity
Securities Risk
Common
and preferred stocks represent equity ownership in a company. The prices of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce
the value of a portfolio investing in equities. Stock markets are volatile and the value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could
decline if the financial condition of the companies the Fund invests in decline or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate.
They may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries, such as labor shortages or an increase in production
costs and competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, they may decline due to general market conditions that are not specifically
related to a company or industry, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate
earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or generally adverse investor sentiment.
Investments
in preferred stocks may also be subject to additional risks. For example, preferred stocks sometimes include provisions that permit the
issuer to defer distributions for a period of time. When distributions are deferred, the Fund may be required to recognize income for
tax purposes in excess of distributions received by the Fund. In addition, shareholder rights in preferred stocks often differ from shareholder
rights in common stocks. There may be limited or no voting rights for preferred shareholders, and the issuer may have the right to redeem
preferred stock without consent of preferred stock shareholders. Preferred securities may also be substantially less liquid than other
equity securities and, therefore, may be subject to greater liquidity risk.
Loans
and Loan-Related Investments Risk
In
addition to risks generally associated with debt securities and related investments (e.g., credit
risk, interest rate risk), loans and loan-related investments, including loan participations and assignments, are subject to other risks.
Although a loan obligation may be fully collateralized at the time of origination or acquisition, the collateral may subsequently decline
in value, be or become illiquid or less liquid, or lose all or substantially all of its value. Many loans and loan-related investments
are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale and certain loan investments may be or become illiquid or less liquid and more
difficult to value, particularly in the event of a downgrade of the loan or the borrower.
There
is less readily available, reliable information about most loan investments than is the case for many other types of securities. Substantial
increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan obligation defaults. Loans are subject to the risk that scheduled interest or
principal payments will not be made in a timely manner or at all, either of which may adversely affect the values of the loan. If the
Fund does not receive scheduled interest or principal payments on such indebtedness, the Fund’s performance could be adversely affected.
Loans that are fully secured offer the Fund more protection than an unsecured loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or
principal. However, the collateral underlying a loan may be unavailable or insufficient to satisfy a borrower’s obligation, and
the Fund could become part owner of any collateral if a loan is foreclosed, subjecting the Fund to costs associated with owning and disposing
of the collateral.
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The
Fund may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws in connection with its loan-related investments,
although it may be entitled to certain contractual remedies. The market for loan obligations may be subject to irregular trading activity,
wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. Because transactions in many loans are subject to extended trade settlement
periods, the Fund may not receive the proceeds from the sale of a loan for a period after the sale. As a result, sale proceeds related
to the sale of loans may not be available to make additional investments or to meet the Fund’s repurchase obligations for a period
after the sale of the loans, and, as a result, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions, such as
borrowing from a credit facility, if necessary to raise cash to meet its obligations. During periods of heightened repurchase activity
or distressed market conditions, the Fund may seek to obtain expedited trade settlement, which will generally incur additional costs (although
expedited trade settlement will not always be available).
The
Fund may invest in loans in any part of the capital structure. Senior loans hold the most senior position in the capital structure of
a business entity, and are typically secured with specific collateral, but are nevertheless usually rated below investment grade (commonly
referred to as “high yield”). Second lien loans are subordinated to the security interest of the senior lender or unsecured,
and thus lower in priority of payment to senior loans, and are subject to the additional risk that the cash flow of the borrower and property
securing the loan or debt, if any, may be insufficient to meet scheduled payments after giving effect to the senior secured obligations
of the borrower. The priority of the collateral claims of third or lower lien loans ranks below holders of second lien loans and so on.
Such junior loans are subject to the same general risks inherent to any loan investment, including credit risk, market and liquidity risk,
and interest rate risk. Due to their lower place in the borrower’s capital structure and possible unsecured or partially secured
status, such loans involve a higher degree of overall risk than senior loans of the same borrower, have greater price volatility, and
may be less liquid. Unsecured loans will not benefit from any interest in collateral of the borrower. Liens on such a borrower’s
collateral, if any, will secure the borrower’s obligations under its outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt
that is permitted to be incurred by the borrower under its secured loan agreements. The holders of obligations secured by such liens will
generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from, any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations
in full before the Fund.
The
Fund may have difficulty disposing of loans and loan participations because to do so it will have to assign or sell such securities to
a third party. Because there is no liquid market for many such securities, the Fund anticipates that such securities could be sold only
to a limited number of institutional investors. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the value of such
securities and the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular loans and loan participations when that would be desirable, including
in response to a specific economic event such as a deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. The lack of a liquid secondary
market for loans and loan participations also may make it more difficult for the Fund to assign a value to these securities for purposes
of valuing the Fund’s portfolio.
Generally,
loans have the benefit of covenants that impose restrictions and obligations on the borrower, including, in some cases, restrictions on
ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets. “Covenant-lite” agreements feature incurrence covenants, as opposed
to more restrictive maintenance covenants. Under a maintenance covenant, the borrower would need to meet regular, specific financial tests,
while under an incurrence covenant, the borrower only would be required to comply with the financial tests at the time it takes certain
actions (e.g., issuing additional debt, paying a dividend, making an acquisition). A covenant-lite
obligation contains fewer maintenance covenants than other obligations, or no maintenance covenants, and may not include terms that allow
the lender to monitor the performance of the borrower and declare a default if certain criteria are breached. To the extent a loan does
not have certain covenants (or has less restrictive covenants), an investment in the loan will be particularly sensitive to the risks
associated with loan investments.
Mortgage
Loan Risk
The
Fund may originate and selectively acquire mortgage loans, which are generally loans secured by a first mortgage lien on a commercial
property and are subject to risks of delinquency and foreclosure and risks of loss that are greater than similar risks associated with
loans made on the security of single family residential property. In addition, certain of the mortgage loans in which the Fund invests
may be structured so that all or a substantial portion of the principal will not be paid until maturity, which increases the risk of default
at that time. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by an income-producing property typically is dependent primarily upon
the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. In the event
of any default under a mortgage loan held directly by the Fund, it will bear a risk of loss of principal to the extent of any deficiency
between the value of the collateral and the principal and accrued interest of the mortgage loan, which could have a material adverse effect
on the profitability of the Fund.
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Loan
Assignment and Participation Risk
The
Fund may purchase loan assignments and participations. As the purchaser of an assignment, the Fund typically succeeds to all the rights
and obligations of the assigning institution and becomes a lender under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation; however,
the Fund may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral and
may not always have direct recourse against a borrower if the borrower fails to pay scheduled principal and/or interest. Because assignments
may be arranged through private negotiations, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an assignment may differ
from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender. In addition, if the loan is foreclosed, the Fund could have a partial
ownership interest in any collateral and could bear the costs and liabilities of owning and disposing of the collateral. In connection
with purchasing participations, the Fund generally will not have any right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the
loan agreement relating to the loan, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from any collateral
supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation. The Fund may be subject to greater delays, expenses and risks than if
the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the borrower; and may be regarded as the creditor of the agent lender (rather than the borrower).
As a result, the Fund will be subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the
event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not
benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
Preferred
Securities Risk
The
Fund may invest in preferred shares of other issuers. Preferred shares are securities that represent an ownership interest providing the
holder with claims on the issuer’s earnings and assets before common shareholders, but after bond holders and other creditors. Preferred
shares are equity securities, but they have many characteristics of fixed income securities, such as a fixed (or floating) dividend payment
rate and/or a liquidity preference over the issuer’s common shares. However, because preferred shares are equity securities, they
may be more susceptible to risks traditionally associated with equity investments than the Fund’s fixed income securities. Unlike
debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically
be accelerated by the holders of such preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of default or other non-compliance by the issuer of
the preferred stock. In addition, the terms of preferred shares often do not include covenants that impose restrictions and obligations
on the borrower to the degree that a lender may impose in connection with a loan. Investments in preferred stock present market and liquidity
risks. The value of a preferred stock may be highly sensitive to the economic condition of the issuer, and markets for preferred stock
may be less liquid than the market for the issuer’s common stock.
Preferred
stocks may differ in many of their provisions. Among the features that differentiate preferred stocks from one another are the dividend
rights, which may be cumulative or noncumulative and participating or non-participating, redemption provisions, and voting rights. Such
features will establish the income return and may affect the prospects for capital appreciation or risks of capital loss.
The
market prices of preferred stocks are subject to changes in interest rates and are more sensitive to changes in an issuer’s creditworthiness
than are the prices of debt securities. Shareholders of preferred stock may suffer a loss of value if dividends are not paid. Under ordinary
circumstances, preferred stock does not carry voting rights.
CMBS
Risk
Commercial
mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) are, generally, securities backed by obligations (including certificates of participation
in obligations) that are principally secured by mortgages on real property or interests therein having a multifamily or commercial use,
such as regional malls, other retail space, office buildings, industrial or warehouse properties, hotels, nursing homes and senior living
centers. CMBS are subject to particular risks, including lack of standardized terms, shorter maturities than residential mortgage loans
and payment of all or substantially all of the principal only at maturity rather than regular amortization of principal.
Foreign
Investing Risk
Foreign
investments by the Fund and Private Funds may be subject to economic, political, regulatory and social risks, which may affect the liquidity
of such investments. Foreign ownership of Real Estate Securities may be restricted, requiring the Private Funds in which the Fund invests
to share the applicable investment with local third party shareholders or investors, and there may be significant local land use and permit
restrictions, local taxes and other transaction costs that adversely affect the returns sought by the Fund. These investments may be subject
to additional
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risks
relating to adverse political developments (including nationalization, confiscation without fair compensation, civil disturbances, unrest
or war) and regulatory risks, which may affect the liquidity of such investments. Further, foreign governments may impose restrictions
to prevent capital flight, which may, for example, involve punitive taxation (including high withholding taxes) on certain securities,
transfers or asset sales or the imposition of exchange controls, making it difficult or impossible to exchange or repatriate the applicable
currencies. Foreign investments also are subject to additional risks such as:
|
• |
unfavorable changes in currency
rates and exchange control regulations; |
|
• |
reduced availability of
information regarding foreign companies; |
|
• |
different accounting,
auditing and financial standards and possibly less stringent reporting standards and requirements; |
|
• |
reduced liquidity and greater
volatility; |
|
• |
difficulty in obtaining
or enforcing a judgment; |
|
• |
increased brokerage commissions
and custody fees; and |
|
• |
increased potential for
corrupt business practices in certain foreign countries. |
As
a result of potential hurdles facing foreign parties in enforcing legal rights in certain jurisdictions, there can be no certainty that
rights to investments in non-U.S. jurisdictions will be successfully upheld in the courts of such jurisdiction. Certain Private Funds
that invest in foreign jurisdictions may have difficulty in successfully pursuing claims in the courts of such jurisdictions to enforce
the Fund’s rights as an investor therein, as compared to the courts of the United States. To the extent that a judgment is obtained,
but enforcement thereof must be sought in the courts of another jurisdiction, there can be no assurance that such courts will enforce
such judgment. Further, due to unpredictable political climates in certain jurisdictions and shifting relationships between the U.S. and
various jurisdictions, the ability of certain Private Funds to liquidate collateral held in non-U.S. jurisdictions may become difficult.
The
Fund does not intend to obtain political risk insurance. Accordingly, actions of foreign governments could have a significant effect on
economic actions in their respective countries, which could affect private sector real asset and real asset-related companies and the
prices and yields of investments. Exchange control regulations, expropriation, confiscatory taxation, sanctions against a particular country
or countries, organizations, entities and/or individuals, embargos, nationalization, political, economic or social instability or other
economic or political developments in such countries could adversely affect the assets of the Fund.
Political
changes or a deterioration of a foreign nation’s domestic economy or balance of trade may indirectly affect the Fund’s investment
in a particular real estate or real estate-related securities in that nation. Moreover, the investments could be adversely affected by
changes in the general economic climate or the economic factors affecting Real Estate Securities, changes in tax law or specific developments
within such industries or interest rate movements. While the Adviser intends to manage foreign investments in a manner that it believes
will minimize the Fund’s exposure to such risks, there can be no assurance that adverse political or economic changes will not cause
the Fund to suffer losses.
In
addition to the risks associated with investments in foreign Real Estate-Related Investments generally, such investments in particular
regions or countries with emerging markets may face those risks to a greater degree and may face additional risks. See “Risk Factors
– Emerging Markets Risk.”
Interval
Fund Risk
The
Fund is a closed-end investment company that provides limited liquidity through quarterly repurchase offers under Rule 23c-3 under
the Investment Company Act and is designed for long-term investors. Unlike many closed-end investment companies, the Fund’s Shares
are not listed on any securities exchange and are not publicly-traded. There is currently no secondary market for the Shares and the Fund
expects that no secondary market will develop. Shares are subject to substantial restrictions on transferability and may only be transferred
or resold in accordance with the LLC Agreement and the Fund’s repurchase policy. Shareholders should not expect to be able to sell
their Shares in a secondary market transaction regardless of how the Fund performs. Even though the Fund will offer to repurchase
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Shares
on a quarterly basis, there is no guarantee that shareholders will be able to sell Shares at any given time or in the quantity desired.
An investment in the Fund is considered an illiquid investment and the Shares are appropriate only for those investors who can tolerate
risk and do not require a liquid investment.
In
general, limited liquidity is provided to shareholders only through the Fund’s quarterly Repurchase Offers for not less than 5%
nor more than 25% of the Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer amount will be determined by the
Board before each Repurchase Offer. There is no guarantee that shareholders will be able to sell all of the Shares they desire in a quarterly
Repurchase Offer. The Fund’s Repurchase Offers may be, and in the past have been, oversubscribed. In the event of oversubscription,
the Fund may repurchase, and in the past has repurchased, shares on a pro rata basis. Because of the potential for proration, some shareholders
might tender more shares than they wish to have repurchased in order to ensure the repurchase of specific number of Shares. Additionally,
in certain instances such Repurchase Offers may be suspended or postponed by a vote of a majority of the Board, including a vote by a
majority of the Independent Directors, as permitted by the Investment Company Act and other laws. See “Quarterly Repurchases of
Shares.”
Valuation
Risk
The
value of the Fund’s investments will be difficult to ascertain and the valuations provided in respect of the Fund’s Private
Funds, the Subsidiaries, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, private debt investments and other private securities, will likely vary from the amounts
the Fund would receive upon withdrawal of its investments. While the valuation of the Fund’s publicly-traded securities are more
readily ascertainable, the Fund’s ownership interest in the Private Funds, the Subsidiaries, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, private debt investments
and other private securities that are not publicly traded will depend on the Managers to Private Funds or property managers to the Subsidiaries
or the VCMIX Sub-REIT to provide a valuation or assistance with a valuation, of the Fund’s investment. Any such valuation is a subjective
analysis of the fair market value of an asset and requires the use of techniques that are costly and time-consuming and ultimately provide
no more than an estimate of value. Moreover, the valuation of the Fund’s investment in a Private Fund, as provided by a Manager
as of a specific date, or of the VCMIX Sub-REIT provided by a property manager, may vary from the fair value of the investment that may
be obtained if such investment were sold to a third party.
The
process of valuing the Fund’s private debt investments and other private investments for which reliable market quotations are not
available is based on inherent uncertainties. Price estimates and other valuation information from third parties may at times be unavailable
or unreliable. In particular, valuations of the Fund’s privately-issued debt investments backed by real estate-related assets may
fluctuate over short periods of time depending on the nature of the asset. Pricing may be based on valuation ranges as opposed to specific
price estimates and the Adviser may seek to fair value such investments using inputs such as comparable public market valuations, comparable
transaction prices, discounted cash flow analyses, assessments of borrower credit quality and other financial or other relevant information.
The Fund’s determination of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a liquid trading market
for these securities existed. The Fund’s NAV could be adversely affected if the determinations regarding the fair value of its private
debt investments and other private investments were materially higher than the values that the Fund ultimately realizes upon the disposition
of such investments.
For
information about the value of the Fund’s investment in Private Funds, the Adviser will be dependent on information provided by
the Private Funds, including quarterly unaudited financial statements which, if inaccurate, could adversely affect the Adviser’s
ability to value accurately the Fund’s Shares. Shareholders should be aware that the situations involving uncertainties as to the
valuation of the investments of the Fund could have an adverse effect on the NAV of the Fund if the judgments of the Adviser regarding
appropriate valuations should prove incorrect. The Adviser faces conflicts of interest in assisting with the valuation of the Fund’s
investments, as the value of the Fund’s investments will affect the Adviser’s compensation.
Accordingly,
there can be no assurance that the stated NAV of the Fund, as calculated based on such valuations, will be accurate on any given date,
nor can there be any assurance that the sale of any property would be at a price equivalent to the last estimated value of such property.
If at any time the stated NAV of the Fund is lower than its true value, those investors who have their Shares repurchased at such time
will be underpaid and investors who retain their Shares would be adversely affected if more Shares were to be issued at the low price
than are repurchased at that price. Conversely, if the Fund’s stated NAV is higher than its true value, those investors who purchase
Shares at such time will overpay, and if repurchases of Shares based on a high stated NAV were to exceed purchases of Shares at that value,
investors who do not have their Shares repurchased will be adversely affected. In addition, investors would be adversely affected by higher
fees payable to the Adviser if the gross asset value of the Fund is overstated.
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As
a result, the NAV of the Fund, as determined based on the fair value of its investments in Private Funds, may vary from the amount the
Fund would realize on the withdrawal of its investments from the Private Funds. This could adversely affect shareholders whose Shares
are repurchased as well as new shareholders and remaining shareholders. For example, in certain cases, the Fund might receive less than
the fair value of its investment in connection with its withdrawal of its investment from a Private Fund, resulting in a dilution of the
value of the Shares of shareholders who do not tender their Shares in any coincident tender offer and a windfall to tendering shareholders;
in other cases, the Fund might receive more than the fair value of its investment, resulting in a windfall to shareholders remaining in
the Fund, but a shortfall to tendering shareholders. The Adviser will attempt to resolve any conflicts between valuations assigned by
Manager and fair value as determined by the Adviser by seeking information from the Manager and reviewing all relevant available information.
Such review may result in a determination to change the fair value of the Fund’s investment. Shareholders in the Fund have no individual
right to receive information about the Private Funds or the Managers, will not be shareholders in the Private Funds, and will have no
rights with respect to or standing or recourse against the Private Funds, Managers or any of their respective affiliates.
Private
Funds Risk
The
Private Funds will not be subject to the Investment Company Act, nor will they be publicly traded. As a result, the Fund’s investments
in the Private Funds will not be subject to the protections afforded to shareholders under the Investment Company Act. These protections
include, among others, certain corporate governance standards, such as the requirement of having a certain percentage of the directors
serving on a board as independent directors, statutory protections against self-dealing by the Managers, and leverage limitations, and
investment restrictions. Further, the Fund’s investments in Private Funds may be subject to heightened valuation, safekeeping, liquidity,
and regulatory risks.
The
Private Funds are not subject to the same investment limitations as the Fund and may have different and contrary investment limitations
and other policies. Unlike registered investment companies, the Private Funds currently are not obligated by regulations or law to disclose
publicly the contents of their portfolios. As such, the Fund has limited visibility into the underlying investments of the Private Funds,
and is dependent on information provided by the Managers. This lack of transparency may make it difficult for the Adviser to monitor the
sources of the Fund’s income and the allocation of its assets, and otherwise comply with regulations applicable to the Fund, may
result in style drift, and ultimately may limit the universe of Private Funds in which the Fund can invest.
The
Manager of a Private Fund may draw down on the Fund’s capital commitment all at once or in a series of capital calls. The portion
of the Fund’s commitment to a Private Fund that has not been called is referred to as an “unfunded commitment.” The
Fund may have a contractual obligation to provide capital to meet its unfunded commitment when the Manager draws upon the commitment.
At the time the Fund enters into an unfunded commitment, it must have a reasonable belief that it will have sufficient cash and cash equivalents
to meet its obligations with respect to all of its unfunded commitment agreements, in each case as they come due. Under certain circumstances,
this requirement could reduce the Fund’s flexibility to make investments in Private Funds and the Fund may be required to hold a
substantial amount of its assets in money market securities, cash or cash equivalents, possibly for prolong periods of time; liquidate
portfolio securities at an inopportune time; or borrow under a line of credit. This could make it difficult or impossible to take
or liquidate a position in a particular security at a price consistent with the Adviser’s strategy.
The
Fund may also be required to indemnify certain of the Private Funds from any liability, damage, cost or expense arising out of breaches
of representations and warranties included in the Private Fund’s subscription documents and certain acts or omissions relating to
the offer or sale of the Fund’s Shares. In addition, Private Funds may have indemnification obligations to the respective service
providers they employ, which may result in increases to the fees and expenses for such Private Funds.
Prohibitions
contained in the Investment Company Act on certain transactions between a registered investment company and its affiliated persons, or
affiliated persons of those affiliated persons, restrict the Fund from investing in Private Funds sponsored or managed by the Adviser
or its affiliates. In general, the Fund seeks to limit its investment in any one Private Fund to less than 25% of the Fund’s assets.
The Fund may invest substantially all of its assets in non-voting securities of Private Funds. To the extent the Fund holds non-voting
securities of, or contractually foregoes the right to vote in respect of, a Private Fund (which it intends to do in order to avoid being
considered an affiliated person of a Private Fund within the meaning of the Investment Company Act), it will not be able to vote to the
full extent of its economic interest on matters that require the approval of the investors of the Private Fund, including a matter that
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could
adversely affect the Fund’s investment, such as changes to the Private Fund’s investment objective or policies or the termination
of the Private Fund. Notwithstanding these waivers and limitations, the Fund may nevertheless be considered, under certain circumstances,
to be an affiliate of a Private Fund. As such, the Fund might be subject to limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act on purchasing
more interests in, or redeeming its interests from, such Private Fund, even if the additional investment or redemption would be beneficial
to the Fund.
By
investing in the Private Funds indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears two layers of asset-based fees and expenses – at
the Fund level and the Private Fund level – in addition to indirectly bearing any performance fees charged by a Private Fund. Performance fees
may create an incentive for the Private Fund’s manager to make investments that are riskier or more speculative than those it might
have made in the absence of a performance fee, which may result in losses. In the aggregate, these fees might exceed the fees that would
typically be incurred by a direct investment with a single Private Fund.
The
Fund’s investments in Private Funds are priced according to their fair value, as determined in good faith by the Adviser. These
valuations are based on estimates, which may prove to be inaccurate; these valuations are used to calculate fees payable to the Adviser
and the net asset value of the Fund’s shares. Investors who purchase or redeem Fund shares on days when the Fund is holding fair-valued
investments may receive fewer or more shares or lower or higher redemption proceeds than they would have received if readily available
market values were available for all of the Fund’s investments.
Investment
in Private Funds carries the risk of loss due to Private Funds’ fraud, intentional or inadvertent deviations from a predefined investment
strategy (including excessive concentration, directional investing outside of predefined ranges, excessive leverage or new capital markets),
or poor judgment. During the lifetime of the Fund, there could be material changes in one or more Private Funds, including changes in
control and mergers. The effect of such changes on a Private Fund cannot be predicted but could be material and adverse. Given the limited
liquidity of the Private Funds, the Fund may not be able to alter its portfolio allocation in sufficient time to respond to any such changes,
resulting in substantial losses from risks of Private Funds.
Joint
Venture Risk
The
Fund, directly or indirectly through a Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may enter into joint ventures with unaffiliated third parties
to make investments. In certain of these joint ventures, the Fund may share control with the third-party partner (for example, the Fund
may have approval rights over some or all of the joint venture’s activities and, in limited circumstances, may have the ability
to require that the joint venture take specific actions), even though the Fund may hold a majority of the economic interests of a joint
venture. In many cases, the third-party partner may provide services for the joint venture or its assets, including, without limitation,
management of day-to-day operations, asset management, property management, construction or development management, and leasing, refinancing
or disposition related services. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present with other methods of investment. In addition,
disputes between the Fund and its joint venture partners may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase the Fund’s
expenses and prevent the Fund’s Directors and officers from focusing their time and efforts on the Fund’s business. The Fund
may at times enter into arrangements that provide for unfunded commitments and, even when not contractually obligated to do so, may be
incentivized to fund future commitments related to its investments.
Property
Manager Risk
The
Adviser, on behalf of the Fund or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may hire property managers to manage properties and leasing agents to lease vacancies
in properties held directly or indirectly by the VCMIX Sub-REIT. These property managers may be Fund affiliates or partners in joint ventures.
The property managers may have significant decision-making authority with respect to the management of investment properties. The Fund’s
ability to direct and control how its investment properties are managed on a day-to-day basis may be limited. Thus, the success of the
Fund may depend in large part on the ability of property managers to manage the day-to-day operations and the ability of leasing agents
to lease vacancies in properties. Any adversity experienced by, or problems in the Fund’s relationship with, property managers or
leasing agents could adversely impact the operation and profitability of Fund investment properties.
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Loan
Origination Risk
The
Fund may originate loans, including, without limitation, loans issued directly to real estate companies or in connection with projects
focused on the management, development, construction, renovation, enhancement, maintenance, and/or operation of real-estate. Loans originated
by the Fund may be in the form of whole loans, secured and unsecured notes, senior and second lien loans, mezzanine loans, bridge loans
or similar investments. The Fund may originate loans to public or private entities of all types, including loans to U.S. and non-U.S.
governmental entities or loans issued in connection with projects authorized or sponsored by such entities. The Fund may originate loans
to borrowers that are unrated or have credit ratings that are determined by one or more NRSROs and/or the Adviser to be below investment
grade. The loans the Fund invests in or originates may vary in maturity and/or duration. The Fund is not limited in the amount, size or
type of loans it may invest in and/or originate, including with respect to a single borrower or with respect to borrowers that are determined
to be below investment grade, other than pursuant to any applicable law. Bridge loans are generally made with the expectation that the
borrower will be able to obtain permanent financing in the near future. Any delay in obtaining permanent financing subjects the bridge
loan investor to increased risk. A borrower’s use of bridge loans also involves the risk that the borrower may be unable to locate
permanent financing to replace the bridge loan, which may impair the borrower’s perceived creditworthiness.
A
significant portion of the Fund’s investments may be originated, although the Fund’s investment in or origination of loans
may also be limited by the requirements the Fund intends to observe under Subchapter M of the Code in order to qualify as a RIC. The results
of the Fund’s origination activities depend on several factors, including the availability of opportunities for the origination
or acquisition of target investments, the level and volatility of interest rates, the availability of adequate short and long-term financing,
conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions. Further, the Fund’s inability to raise capital and the risk of portfolio
company defaults may materially and adversely affect the Fund’s investment originations, business, liquidity, financial condition,
results of operations and its ability to make distributions to Fund shareholders. After origination, the Fund may offer such investments
for sale to third parties; however, there is no assurance that the Fund will complete the sale of any such investment. If the Fund is
unable to sell, assign, or successfully close transactions for the loans that it originates, the Fund will be forced to hold its interest
in such loans for an indeterminate period of time. This could result in the Fund’s investments being concentrated in certain borrowers.
The Fund will be responsible for the fees and expenses associated with originating a loan (whether or not consummated). This may include
significant legal and due diligence expenses, which will be borne by the Fund and indirectly borne by the shareholders.
The
results of the Fund’s origination activities depend on several factors, including the availability of opportunities for the origination
or acquisition of target investments, the level and volatility of interest rates, the availability of adequate short and long-term financing,
conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions. Loan origination subjects the Fund to risks associated with debt instruments
more generally, including credit risk, prepayment risk, valuation risk, and interest rate risk. Competition for originations of and investments
in the Fund’s target investments may lead to the price of such assets increasing or the decrease of interest income from loans originated
by the Fund, which may further limit its ability to generate desired returns. In addition, as a result of this competition, desirable
investments in the Fund’s target investments may be limited in the future, and the Fund may not be able to take advantage of attractive
investment opportunities from time to time, as the Fund can provide no assurance that the Adviser and/or the Sub-Advisers will be able
to identify and make investments that are consistent with its investment objectives. In addition, the Fund may originate certain of its
investments with the expectation of later syndicating a portion of such investment to third parties. Prior to such syndication, or if
such syndication is not successful, the Fund’s exposure to the originated investment may exceed the exposure that the Adviser and/or
the Sub-Advisers intended to have over the long-term or would have had had it purchased such investment in the secondary market rather
than originating it.
Loan
originators are subject to certain state law licensing and regulatory requirements and loan origination and servicing companies are routinely
involved in legal proceedings concerning matters that arise in the ordinary course of their business. In addition, a number of participants
in the loan origination and servicing industry (including control persons of industry participants) have been the subject of regulatory
actions by state regulators, including state Attorneys General, and by the federal government. Governmental investigations, examinations,
regulatory actions, or private lawsuits may adversely affect such companies’ financial results. To the extent the Fund engages in
loan origination and/or servicing, the Fund will be subject to enhanced risks of litigation, regulatory actions, and other proceedings.
As a result, the Fund may be required to pay legal fees, settlement costs, damages, penalties, or other charges, any or all of which could
materially adversely affect the Fund and its holdings.
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Access
Risk
The
Adviser is reliant on its relationships with Arrangers in connection with the Adviser’s management of the Fund. To the extent the
Adviser is unable to develop or maintain relationships with qualified Arrangers, the Adviser may have difficulty ensuring the Fund’s
access to suitable investment opportunities. On an ongoing basis, it cannot be certain that the Adviser and/or the Arrangers will be able
to continue to locate a sufficient number of suitable investment opportunities to allow the Fund to fully implement its investment strategy.
In addition, privately negotiated investments in loans and illiquid securities of private companies require substantial due diligence
and structuring, and the Fund may not be able to achieve its anticipated investment pace. These factors increase the uncertainty, and
thus the risk, of investing in the Fund. To the extent the Fund is unable to deploy its capital, its investment income and, in turn, the
results of its operations, will likely be materially adversely affected.
Market
Disruption, Health Crises, Terrorism and Geopolitical Risks
The
Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by the broad investment environment in the real estate market, the debt market and/or
the equity securities market. The investment environment is influenced by, among other things, interest rates, inflation, politics, fiscal
policy, current events, competition, productivity and technological and regulatory change. Real Estate-Related Investments values may
experience greater volatility during periods of challenging market conditions, which periods may be similar to or worse than the conditions
experienced from late 2007 through 2009. In addition, there can be severe limitations on an investor’s ability to sell certain Real
Estate-Related Investments, including those that are of higher credit quality, during a period of reduced credit market liquidity. Therefore,
the Fund’s NAV will fluctuate. Shareholders may experience a significant decline in the value of their investment and could lose
money. The Fund should be considered a speculative investment, and investors should invest in the Fund only if they can sustain a complete
loss of their investment.
The
Fund may be adversely affected by uncertainties such as war, terrorism, international political developments, sanctions or embargos, tariffs
and trade wars, changes in government policies, global health crises or similar pandemics, and other related geopolitical events may lead
to increased short-term market volatility and have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally, as well as adverse
effects on issuers of securities and the value of investments. For example, the U.S. has imposed economic sanctions, which consist of
asset freezes, restrictions on dealings in debt and equity, and certain industry-specific restrictions. Sanctions impair the ability of
the Fund to buy, sell, receive or deliver those securities and/or assets that are subject to the sanctions. In addition, trade disputes
may affect investor and consumer confidence and adversely affect financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a
significant degree. These events, as well as other changes in world economic, political and health conditions and their impact on the
Fund are difficult to predict and could adversely affect individual issuers or related groups of issuers, issuers located in a particular
geographic region, securities markets, interest rates, credit ratings, inflation, investor sentiment and other factors affecting the value
of investments. At such times, exposure to a number of other risks described elsewhere in this section can increase.
The
impact of COVID-19, and the effects of other infectious illness outbreaks, epidemics, or pandemics, may be short term or may continue
for an extended period of time. For example, a global pandemic or other widespread health crisis could cause significant market volatility
and declines in global financial markets and may affect adversely the global economy, the economies of the United States and other individual
countries, the financial performance of individual issuers, borrowers and sectors, and the health of capital markets and other markets
generally in potentially significant and unforeseen ways. Health crises caused by outbreaks of disease, such as the coronavirus outbreak,
may also exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, and economic risks in certain countries or globally. A global pandemic or other
widespread health crisis could lead to a significant economic downturn or recession, increased market volatility, a greater number of
market closures, higher default rates, and adverse effects on the values and liquidity of securities or other assets. In addition, the
increasing interconnectedness of markets around the world may result in many markets being affected by events or conditions in a single
country or region or events affecting a single or small number of issuers. The foregoing could impair the Fund’s ability to maintain
operational standards (such as with respect to satisfying repurchase requests, see “Risk Factors – Interval Fund Risk”),
disrupt the operations of the Fund and its service providers, adversely affect the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments,
and negatively impact the Fund’s performance and your investment in the Fund. Other epidemics or pandemics that arise in the future
may have similar impacts.
In
March 2023, the shut-down of certain financial institutions raised economic concerns over disruption in the U.S. banking system.
There can be no certainty that the actions taken by the U.S. government to strengthen public confidence
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in
the U.S. banking system will be effective in mitigating the effects of financial institution failures on the economy and restoring public
confidence in the U.S. banking system. Other adverse developments that affect financial institutions or the financial services industry
generally, or concerns or rumors about any events of these kinds or other similar risks, may reduce liquidity in the market generally
or have other adverse effects on the economy, the Fund or issuers in which the Fund invests. In addition, issuers in which the Fund invests
and the Fund may not be able to identify all potential solvency or stress concerns with respect to a financial institution or to transfer
assets from one bank or financial institution to another in a timely manner in the event such bank or financial institution comes under
stress or fails.
Currency
and Exchange Rate Risks
The
Fund may engage in practices and strategies that will result in exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, including through
investments in the Private Funds and Real Estate Securities, in which case the Fund will be subject to foreign currency risk. The Fund’s
Shares are priced in U.S. dollars and the capital contributions to, and distributions from, the Fund are paid in U.S. dollars. However,
because a portion of the Fund’s assets may be denominated directly in foreign (non-U.S.) currencies or in securities that trade
in, and receive revenues in, foreign (non-U.S.) currencies, the Fund will be subject to the risk that those currencies will decline in
value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of hedging positions, that the U.S. dollar will decline in value relative to the currency
being hedged. Currency risk may be particularly high to the extent that the Fund invests in foreign (non-U.S.) currencies or engages in
foreign currency transactions that are economically tied to emerging market countries.
Currency
rates in foreign (non-U.S.) countries may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time for a number of reasons, including changes
in interest rates, rates of inflation, balance of payments and governmental surpluses or deficits, intervention (or the failure to intervene)
by U.S. or foreign (non-U.S.) governments, central banks or supranational entities such as the International Monetary Fund, or by the
imposition of currency controls or other political developments in the United States or abroad. These fluctuations may have a significant
adverse impact on the value of the Fund’s portfolio and/or the level of Fund distributions.
Furthermore,
the Fund may (but is not required to) attempt to hedge its exposure to foreign currencies, to reduce the risk of loss due to fluctuations
in currency exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar. There is no assurance, however, that currency hedging strategies will be used
by the Fund or, if used, that they will be successful. As a result, the Fund’s investments in foreign currency-denominated securities
may reduce the returns of the Fund. See “Risk Factors – Hedging Transactions Risk.”
Environmental
and Unforeseen Liabilities Risk
The
Fund could face substantial risk of loss from claims based on environmental problems associated with the real estate underlying the Fund’s
investments, including claims in connection with adverse effects from global climate change. For example, persistent wildfires, a rise
in sea levels, an increase in powerful windstorms and/or a storm-driven increase in flooding could cause properties to lose value or become
unmarketable altogether. Furthermore, changes in environmental laws or in the environmental condition of an asset may create liabilities
that did not exist at the time of the acquisition of such investment by the Fund and that could not have been foreseen. Such laws often
impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such environmental condition. In
addition, divestment trends tied to concerns about climate change could also adversely affect the value of certain assets.
In
addition to the risk of environmental liability attaching to an investment, it is possible that investments acquired by the Fund could
be affected by undisclosed matters. In respect of acquired land, the Fund’s investment in a Private Fund that owns such land could
be affected by undisclosed matters such as legal easements, leases and all charges on property that have been registered and all charges
that the acquiring entity is or should have been aware of at the time of the acquisition. Liability could also arise from the breaches
of planning legislation and building regulations. Undisclosed breaches of other statutory regimes such as health and safety, fire and
public health legislation, could also give rise to liability. The property owner could also be liable for undisclosed duties payable to
municipalities and counties as well as public claims deriving from supply to the property of water, electricity and other utilities and
services. It is therefore possible that the Fund could acquire an investment affected by such matters, which may have a material adverse
effect on the value of such investments.
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Business
and Regulatory Risks
Legal,
tax and regulatory changes (including laws and regulations relating to registered funds, the securities and derivatives markets, taxation
of the Fund’s investments, trade barriers, and currency exchange controls), as well as general economic and market conditions (such
as interest rates, availability of credit, credit defaults, inflation rates and general economic uncertainty) and national and international
political circumstances, may adversely affect the Fund. These factors may affect, among other things, the level of volatility of the prices
of securities and real estate assets, the liquidity of the Fund’s investments and the availability of certain securities and investments.
Volatility or illiquidity could impair the Fund’s returns or result in significant losses. Additionally, the securities markets
are subject to comprehensive statutes and regulations and the regulatory environment for Private Funds is evolving. Changes in the regulation
of registered funds, securities markets, or Private Funds may adversely affect the value of investments held by the Fund and the ability
of the Fund to pursue successfully its investment strategy. The effect of any future regulatory change on the Fund could be substantial
and adverse.
Fees
and Expenses Risk
By
investing in the Private Funds, Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears two layers of fees
and expenses – at the Fund level and the Private Fund, Subsidiary, or the VCMIX Sub-REIT level – in addition to indirectly
bearing any performance fees charged by a Private Fund. In the aggregate, these fees might exceed the fees that would typically be incurred
by a direct investment with a single Private Fund. In the aggregate, these fees and expenses could be substantial and adversely affect
the value of any investment in the Fund. The Adviser has contractually agreed to reduce its Investment Management Fee paid by the Fund
in an amount equal to any management fees it receives from the VCMIX Subsidiary and to waive any management fees it receives from the
VCMIX Sub-REIT in order to avoid “double-counting” assets. In addition, to the extent investment opportunities are made available
through Arrangers, the Fund will be responsible for sourcing fees and other compensation.
Focused
Investment Risk
The
Fund may, from time to time, invest a substantial portion of its assets in a particular asset type, industry, sector, geographic location
or securities instrument. As a result, the Fund’s portfolio may be subject to greater risk and volatility than if investments had
been made in a broader diversification of investments in terms of asset type, industry, sector, geographic location or securities instrument.
To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio is focused in a property type, industry, sector, geographic location or securities instrument,
the risk of any investment decision is increased.
REITs
Risk
The
Fund will invest in real estate indirectly through the VCMIX Sub-REIT and other entities that are intended to qualify as REITs. The risks
of investing in REITs include certain risks associated with the real estate industry in general. See “Real Estate-Related Securities
Risk” in this section. Investments in REITs also involve unique risks. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less
frequently and in limited volume, and may be more volatile than other securities. Rising interest rates may cause REIT investors to demand
a higher annual yield, which may, in turn, cause a decline in the market price of the equity securities issued by a REIT. Some REITs may
utilize leverage, which increases investment risk and may potentially increase the Fund’s losses. In addition, to the extent the
Fund holds interests in REITs, investors in the Fund bear two layers of asset-based management fees and expenses (directly at the Fund
level and indirectly at the REIT level), in addition to indirectly bearing any performance fees charged by a Private Fund. REITs may also
fail to qualify for the favorable tax treatment available to REITs or may fail to maintain their exemptions from investment company registration.
Qualification as a REIT under the Code in any particular year is a complex analysis that depends on a number of factors. There can be
no guarantee that any entity in or through which the Fund invests will qualify as a REIT. An entity that fails to qualify as a REIT would
be subject to a corporate level tax, would not be entitled to a deduction for dividends paid to its shareholders and would not pass through
to its shareholders the character of income earned by the entity. If the Fund were to invest in an entity that failed to qualify as a
REIT, such failure could significantly reduce the Fund’s yield on that investment and could adversely affect the Fund’s NAV.
Dividends
paid by REITs do not qualify for the reduced U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to qualified dividends under the Code. See “Tax
Aspects” in the SAI. The Fund’s investments in REITs, including in the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may include an additional risk to shareholders.
Some or all of a REIT’s annual distributions to its investors may constitute a return of capital. Any such return of capital is
not taxable, but will reduce the Fund’s basis in such investment, but not below zero. To the extent the distributions from a REIT
exceed the Fund’s basis in its shares of such
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REIT,
the Fund will recognize gain. Shareholders that receive a return of capital distribution from the Fund will also reduce their tax basis
in their Shares of the Fund, but not below zero. To the extent the distribution exceeds a shareholder’s basis in the Fund’s
Shares, such shareholder will recognize a capital gain. See also “Tax Risks – Sub-REIT” below.
Issuer
Risk
Issuer
risk is the risk that the value of a security may decline for a reason directly related to the issuer, such as management performance,
financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or service.
High
Yield Securities Risk
High
yield securities (commonly referred to as “junk bonds”) are below investment grade debt securities or comparable unrated securities
and are considered predominantly speculative. Lower rated and comparable unrated debt securities tend to offer higher yields than higher
rated securities with the same maturities because the historical financial condition of the issuers of such securities may not have been
as strong as that of other issuers. However, lower rated securities generally involve greater risks of loss of income and principal than
higher rated securities. The issuers of high yield securities may be more adversely affected than issuers of higher rated securities by
specific corporate or governmental developments or the issuers’ inability to meet specific projected business forecasts. Changes
in economic conditions are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity for the issuers of these securities to make principal payments and
interest payments. The amount of high yield securities outstanding has proliferated as an increasing number of issuers have used high
yield securities for corporate financing. An economic recession could disrupt the market for high yield securities and may have an adverse
impact on the value of such securities. An economic downturn also could adversely affect the ability of leveraged issuers to service their
debt obligations or to repay their obligations upon maturity. Factors having an adverse impact on the market value of lower quality securities
will have an adverse effect on the Fund’s NAV to the extent that it invests in such securities. In addition, the Fund may incur
additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in payment of principal or interest on its portfolio
holdings or to take other steps to protect its investment in an issuer.
The
secondary market for high yield securities is not usually as liquid as the secondary market for more highly rated securities, a factor
that may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to dispose of a particular security when necessary to meet its liquidity needs.
Under adverse market or economic conditions, the secondary market for high yield securities could contract further, independent of any
specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer. As a result, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell these securities
or may be able to sell the securities only at prices lower than if such securities were widely traded. Prices realized upon the sale of
such lower rated or unrated securities, under these and other circumstances, may be less than the prices used in calculating the Fund’s
NAV.
Since
investors generally perceive that there are greater risks associated with lower quality debt securities, the yields and prices of such
securities tend to fluctuate more than those for higher rated securities. In the lower quality segments of the debt securities market,
changes in perceptions of issuers’ creditworthiness tend to occur more frequently and in a more pronounced manner than do changes
in higher quality segments of the debt securities market, resulting in greater yield and price volatility.
Diversification
Risk
The
Fund is a “non-diversified” management investment company under the Investment Company Act. This means that the Fund may invest
a greater portion of its assets in a limited number of issuers than would be the case if the Fund were classified as a “diversified”
management investment company. Accordingly, the Fund may be subject to greater risk with respect to its portfolio securities than a “diversified”
fund because changes in the financial condition or market assessment of a single issuer may cause greater fluctuation in the value of
its interests.
Reliance
on Key Persons Risk
The
Fund relies on the services of certain executive officers who have relevant knowledge of Real Estate-Related Investments, debt, and real
estate assets, and familiarity with the Fund’s investment objective, strategies and investment features. The loss of the services
of any of these key personnel could have a material adverse impact on the Fund.
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Privately
Placed Securities Risk
The
Fund may invest in non-exchange traded securities, including privately placed securities, which are subject to liquidity and valuation
risks. These risks may make it difficult for those securities to be traded or valued, especially in the event of adverse economic and
liquidity conditions or adverse changes in the issuer’s financial condition. The market for certain non-exchange traded securities
may be limited to institutional investors, subjecting such investments to further liquidity risk if a market were to limit institutional
trading. There may also be less information available regarding such non-exchange traded securities than for publicly traded securities,
which may make it more difficult for the Adviser to fully evaluate the risks of investing in such securities and as a result place a Fund’s
assets at greater risk of loss than if the Adviser had more complete information. In addition, the issuers of non-exchange traded securities
may be distressed, insolvent, or delinquent in filing information needed to be listed on an exchange. Disposing of non-exchange traded
securities, including privately placed securities, may involve time-consuming negotiation and legal expenses, and selling them promptly
at an acceptable price may be difficult or impossible. Securities purchased in private placements may be subject to legal or contractual
restrictions on resale. The Fund may have to bear the expense of registering restricted securities for resale and the risk of substantial
delay in effecting registration.
Underlying
Investment Risk
By
investing through certain investment vehicles, including the VCMIX Sub-REIT or one or more Subsidiaries, including the VCMIX Subsidiary,
the Fund is exposed to the risks associated with the investments of such vehicles, which are the same risks associated with the Fund’s
investments. The Subsidiaries and the VCMIX Sub-REIT are not registered under the Investment Company Act, and therefore are not subject
to all of the investor protections of the Investment Company Act, although each will comply with certain sections of the Investment Company
Act on a consolidated basis with the Fund. The Fund will wholly own or control each Subsidiary and the VCMIX Sub-REIT, which, like the
Fund, will be managed by the Adviser, making it unlikely that any Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT will take action contrary to the interests
of the Fund and its shareholders. The Adviser will manage the VCMIX Subsidiary’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment
policies and restrictions. There can be no assurance that the investment objective of an underlying investment vehicle will be achieved.
Changes in the laws of the United States and/or any state under which the Fund, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, or any Subsidiary is organized, could
result in the inability of the Fund, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, or such Subsidiary to operate as described in this prospectus and the Fund’s
SAI and could adversely affect the Fund and its shareholders.
Tax
Risks
Special
tax risks are associated with an investment in the Fund. The Fund intends to qualify and has elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter
M of the Code. As such, the Fund must satisfy, among other requirements, diversification and 90% gross income requirements, and a requirement
that it distribute at least 90% of its ordinary income and net short-term gains in the form of deductible dividends.
Each
of the aforementioned ongoing requirements for qualification for the favorable tax treatment available to RICs requires that the Fund
obtain information from or about the Private Funds in which the Fund is invested. However, Private Funds generally are not obligated to
disclose the contents of their portfolios. This lack of transparency may make it difficult for the Adviser to monitor the sources of the
Fund’s income and the diversification of its assets, and otherwise to comply with Subchapter M of the Code. Ultimately this may
limit the universe of Private Funds in which the Fund can invest and may adversely bear on the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC
under Subchapter M of the Code. The Fund expects to receive information from each Private Fund regarding its investment performance on
a regular basis.
Private
Funds and other entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes may generate income allocable to the Fund that
is not qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income test. In order to meet the 90% gross income test, the Fund may structure
its investments in a manner that potentially increases the taxes imposed thereon or in respect thereof. Because the Fund may not have
timely or complete information concerning the amount or sources of such a Private Fund’s income until such income has been earned
by the Private Fund or until a substantial amount of time thereafter, it may be difficult for the Fund to satisfy the 90% gross income
test.
In
the event that the Fund believes that it is possible that it will fail the asset diversification requirement at the end of any quarter
of a taxable year, it may seek to take certain actions to avert such failure, including by acquiring additional investments to come into
compliance with the asset diversification tests or by disposing of non-diversified assets.
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Although
the Code affords the Fund the opportunity, in certain circumstances, to cure a failure to meet the asset diversification test, including
by disposing of non-diversified assets within six months, there may be constraints on the Fund’s ability to dispose of its interest
in a Private Fund that limit utilization of this cure period.
If
the Fund were to fail to satisfy the asset diversification or other RIC requirements, absent a cure, it would lose its status as a RIC
under the Code. Such loss of RIC status could affect the amount, timing and character of the Fund’s distributions and would cause
all of the Fund’s taxable income to be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions
to shareholders. In addition, all distributions (including distributions of net capital gain) would be taxed to their recipients as dividend
income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Accordingly, disqualification as a RIC would have
a significant adverse effect on the value of the Shares.
The
Fund must distribute at least 90% of its investment company taxable income, in a manner qualifying for the dividends-paid deduction, to
qualify as a RIC, and must distribute substantially all its income in order to avoid a fund-level tax. In addition, if the Fund were to
fail to distribute in a calendar year a sufficient amount of its income for such year, it would be subject to an excise tax. The determination
of the amount of distributions sufficient to qualify as a RIC and avoid a fund-level income or excise tax will depend on income and gain
information that must be obtained from the underlying Private Funds. The Fund’s investment in Private Funds may make it difficult
to estimate the Fund’s income and gains in a timely fashion, which may increase the likelihood that the Fund will be liable for
the excise tax with respect to certain undistributed amounts. See “Taxes” and, in the SAI, “Tax Aspects”.
Investors
will be required each year to pay applicable federal and state income taxes on their respective shares of any distributions from the Fund.
Shareholders who reinvest their distributions will nonetheless be obligated to pay these taxes from sources other than Fund distributions.
The
Fund invests in Private Funds located outside the United States. Such Private Funds may be subject to withholding tax on their investments
in such jurisdictions. Any such withholding tax would reduce the return on the Fund’s investment in such Private Funds. See “Taxes”
and, in the SAI, “Tax Aspects.”
Tax
Risks – Subsidiaries and the VCMIX Sub-REIT
In
order to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund must limit its investment in any one issuer or any two or more issuers that
the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses to no more than 25% of the Fund’s total
assets. It is possible that the VCMIX Sub-REIT, VCMIX Subsidiary, and/or any other Subsidiary will be treated as engaged in the same,
similar or related trades or businesses for this purpose. As a result, the Fund may be required to limit its investment such entities
in the aggregate to 25% of the Fund’s total assets.
VCMIX
Subsidiary has elected to be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A RIC generally does not take into account
income earned by a U.S. corporation in which it invests unless and until the corporation distributes such income to the RIC as a dividend.
Where a Subsidiary, such as VCMIX Subsidiary, is organized in the U.S., the Subsidiary generally will be liable for an entity-level U.S.
federal income tax on its income from U.S. and non-U.S. sources, as well as any applicable state taxes, which will reduce the Fund’s
return on its investment in the Subsidiary. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset
the income of the Fund. Changes in the tax laws of the United States and/or the any state in which a Subsidiary is organized could result
in the inability of the Fund and/or a Subsidiary to operate as described in this prospectus and the Fund’s SAI and could adversely
affect the Fund and its shareholders.
Tax
Risks – Sub-REIT
The
VCMIX Sub-REIT intends to elect to be taxed as a REIT. As long as certain requirements are met, a REIT generally is not subject to entity-level
tax on the income and gain it distributes to shareholders. In order to qualify as a REIT under the Code, the VCMIX Sub-REIT must satisfy
a number of requirements on a continuing basis, including requirements regarding the composition of its assets, sources of its gross income,
distributions and stockholder ownership. The Fund intends to structure the VCMIX Sub-REIT and its activities in a manner designed to satisfy
all of these requirements. However, the application of such requirements is not entirely clear, and it is possible that the IRS may interpret
or apply those requirements in a manner that jeopardizes the ability of the VCMIX Sub-REIT to satisfy all of the requirements for qualification
as a REIT.
Not
more than 50% of the value of the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s outstanding capital stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer
individuals or certain specified entities at any time during the last half of any calendar year
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(the
“Five or Fewer Test”), and the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s shares must be held by a minimum of 100 persons during at least 335
days in each taxable year (the “100-shareholder test”), subsequent to the first taxable year for which the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s
qualification as a REIT is effective. For purposes of the Five or Fewer Test, the VCMIX Sub-REIT will “look through” to the
beneficial owners of the Fund’s shares. Accordingly, if five or fewer individuals or certain specified entities, at any time during
the last half of any calendar year, own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s shares through the Fund,
then the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s qualification as a REIT could be jeopardized. The provisions of the Investment Company Act, such as those
pertaining to a closed-end fund’s purchase of its own shares, may conflict with the kind of shareholder ownership limitations that
are commonly used by REITs to ensure compliance with the Five or Fewer Test. The Fund may not have the information necessary for it to
ascertain with certainty whether or not the VCMIX Sub-REIT satisfies the 50% Test. Accordingly there can be no assurance that the VCMIX
Sub-REIT will continue to qualify and be able to minimize its corporate level tax liability through distributions, as discussed below.
In
order to meet the 100-shareholder test necessary to qualify as a REIT under the Code, the VCMIX Sub-REIT has approximately 100 to 125
preferred shareholders who are “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D of the Securities Act and are “qualified
purchasers” for purposes of the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The VCMIX Sub-REIT’s
preferred shareholders have priority in the payment of dividends on their preferred shares at the established rate. As such, dividend
payments to the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s preferred shareholders, along with any other expenses of the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may reduce the amount
of income payable by the VCMIX Sub-REIT to the Fund.
Further,
to be eligible for treatment as a REIT under the Code, among other things, the VCMIX Sub-REIT is generally required each year to distribute
to its stockholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable income determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net
capital gain. To the extent that it does not distribute all of its net capital gains, or distributes at least 90%, but less than 100%,
of its REIT taxable income, as adjusted, it will have to pay a corporate level tax on amounts retained. Furthermore, if it fails to distribute
during each calendar year at least the sum of (a) 85% of its ordinary income for that year, (b) 95% of its capital gain net income for
that year, and (c) any undistributed taxable income from the preceding calendar year, it would have to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax
on the excess of the amounts required to be distributed over the sum of (a) the amounts that it actually distributed and (b) the
amounts it retained and upon which it paid U.S. federal corporate income tax. These requirements could cause it to distribute amounts
that otherwise would be spent on investments in real estate assets, and it is possible that the VCMIX Sub-REIT might be required to borrow
funds, possibly at unfavorable rates, or sell assets, possibly at unfavorable prices, to fund the required distributions.
Even
if the VCMIX Sub-REIT qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it may be subject to certain U.S. federal, state and local taxes on its income
and assets, including taxes on any undistributed income, taxes on income from certain prohibited activities, including certain activities
conducted as a result of a foreclosure, and state or local income, franchise, property and transfer taxes, including mortgage recording
taxes. Dividends payable by the VCMIX Sub-REIT to the Fund and, in turn, by the Fund to its shareholders, generally are not qualified
dividends eligible for reduced rates of tax.
If
the VCMIX Sub-REIT fails to qualify as a REIT for any taxable year and it does not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, it
will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income at corporate rates. In addition, it will generally be disqualified from
treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year of losing its REIT status. Losing its REIT status will reduce its net
earnings available for investment or distribution to stockholders because of the additional tax liability. In addition, distributions
to stockholders will no longer qualify for the dividends paid deduction, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT will no longer be required to make distributions.
If this occurs, the VCMIX Sub-REIT might be required to borrow funds or liquidate some investments in order to pay the applicable tax.
See also “Taxation of REIT Subsidiary” in the Statement of Additional Information.
Hedging
Transactions Risk
The
Fund and the Private Funds may invest in securities and utilize financial instruments, such as forward contracts, in an effort to protect
against possible changes in the market value of portfolio positions resulting from fluctuations in the securities or other markets and
changes in interest rates and hedge the interest rate or currency exchange rate on any liabilities or assets.
Hedging
against a decline in the value of a portfolio position does not eliminate fluctuations in the values of portfolio positions or prevent
losses if the values of such positions decline, but establishes other positions designed to
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gain
from those same developments, thus moderating the decline in the portfolio positions’ value. Such hedging transactions also limit
the opportunity for gain if the value of the portfolio position should increase. Moreover, it may not be possible for the Fund or a Private
Fund to hedge against an exchange rate, interest rate or price fluctuation that is so generally anticipated that the Fund or a Private
Fund is not able to enter into a hedging transaction at a price sufficient to protect its assets from the decline in value of the portfolio
positions anticipated as a result of such fluctuations.
The
Fund and the Private Funds are not required to attempt to hedge portfolio positions and, for various reasons, may determine not to do
so. Furthermore, the Fund and the Private Funds may not anticipate a particular risk so as to hedge against it. To the extent that hedging
transactions are effected, their success is dependent on the Fund or a Private Fund’s ability to predict correctly movements in
the direction of currency, interest rates or other factors. Therefore, while the Fund or a Private Fund may attempt to hedge against undesirable
exposure, unanticipated changes in the markets and investments or debt being hedged, or the nonoccurrence of events being hedged against,
this may result in poorer overall performance than if the Fund or a Private Fund had not engaged in any such hedge. In addition, the degree
of correlation between the performance of the instruments used in a hedging strategy and the performance of the portfolio positions being
hedged is unpredictable. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, the Fund or the Private Funds may not seek to establish a perfect correlation
between such hedging instruments and the portfolio considerations being hedged. Such imperfect correlation may prevent the Fund or the
Private Funds from achieving the intended hedge or expose the Fund to additional risk of loss. The Fund will not sell securities short
and or write uncovered options.
Market
Capitalization Risk
The
Fund may invest in equity securities without restriction as to market capitalization, such as those issued by medium-sized and smaller
capitalization companies, including micro-cap companies. Those securities, particularly smaller-capitalization stocks, involve higher
risks in some respects than do investments in securities of larger companies. The prices of the securities of some of these smaller companies
are often more volatile and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than larger, more established companies, because
they typically are more subject to changes in earnings and prospects, among other things. In addition, the risk of bankruptcy or insolvency
of many smaller companies (with the attendant losses to shareholders) is higher than for larger, “blue-chip” companies, and,
due to thin trading in some small-capitalization stocks, an investment in those securities may be highly illiquid. Some small companies
have limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Some of the companies in which the Fund invests
may have product lines that have, in whole or in part, only recently been introduced to market or that may still be in the research or
development stage. Such companies may also be dependent on key personnel with limited experience.
Micro-cap
stocks typically involve greater risks of loss and price fluctuations because their earnings and revenues tend to be less predictable,
their share prices tend to be more volatile, and their markets less liquid than stocks of companies with larger market capitalizations.
The shares of micro-cap companies tend to trade less frequently than those of larger, more established companies, and it can be difficult
or impossible for the Fund to trade these securities at the desired time. Furthermore, publicly available information, including financial
information, about micro-cap companies tends to be limited and some micro-cap companies trade over-the-counter or on a regional exchange
with limited regulation. The relative lack of information, liquidity, and regulation results in an increased risk of corruption and fraud,
including price manipulation, and the possibility of losses to the Fund.
Emerging
Markets Risk
The
non-U.S. securities in which the Fund or a Private Fund invests may include securities of companies based in emerging countries or issued
by the governments of such countries. Investing in securities of certain of such countries and companies involves certain considerations
not usually associated with investing in securities of developed countries or of companies located in developed countries, including political
and economic considerations, such as greater risks of expropriation, confiscatory taxation, imposition of withholding or other taxes on
dividends, interest, capital gains, other income or gross sale or disposition proceeds, limitations on the removal of funds, nationalization
and general social, political and economic instability; the small size of the securities markets in such countries and the low volume
of trading, resulting in potential lack of liquidity and in price volatility; fluctuations in the rate of exchange between currencies
and costs associated with currency conversion; certain government policies that may restrict the Fund’s or a Private Fund’s
investment opportunities; problems that may arise in connection with the clearance and settlement of trades; inflation and rapid fluctuations
in inflation rates in the economies of certain emerging market countries; overdependence on exports, particularly with respect to primary
commodities, which makes such economies vulnerable
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to
volatile fluctuations in commodity prices; and overburdened infrastructure, such as delays in local postal, transport, banking or communications
systems that could cause the Fund to lose rights, opportunities or entitlements and expose it to currency fluctuations. In addition, accounting
and financial reporting standards that prevail in certain of such countries generally are not equivalent to standards in more developed
countries and, consequently, less information is available to investors in companies located in these countries than is available to investors
in companies located in more developed countries. There is also less regulation, generally, of the securities markets in emerging countries
than there is in more developed countries. Placing securities with a custodian in an emerging country may also present considerable risks.
Direct
Lending Risk
In
making a direct loan, the Fund is exposed to the risk that the borrower may default or become insolvent and, consequently, that the Fund
may lose money on the loan depending on, among other things, the value of the underlying collateral and the Fund’s rights to that
collateral. Furthermore, direct loans may subject the Fund to liquidity and interest rate risk and certain direct loans may be deemed
illiquid. Direct loans are not publicly traded and may not have a secondary market. The lack of a secondary market for direct loans may
have an adverse impact on the ability of the Fund to dispose of a direct loan and/or to value the direct loan. When engaging in direct
lending, the Fund’s performance may depend, in part, on the ability of the Fund to originate loans on advantageous terms. In originating
and purchasing loans, the Fund will compete with a broad spectrum of lenders. Increased competition for, or a diminishment in the available
supply of, qualifying loans could result in lower yields on such loans, which could reduce Fund performance. To the extent the Fund is
the sole lender in privately offered debt, it may be solely responsible for the expense of servicing that debt, including, if necessary,
taking legal actions to foreclose on any security instrument securing the debt (e.g., the mortgage
or, in the case of a mezzanine loan, the pledge). This may increase the risk and expense to the Fund compared to syndicated or publicly
offered debt.
LIBOR
Transition and Reference Benchmark Risk
Certain
instruments in which the Fund invests have historically relied upon LIBOR, an average offered interest rate for various maturities of
short-term loans between certain major international banks. The terms of investments, financings or other transactions (including certain
derivatives transactions) to which the Fund may be a party have historically been tied to LIBOR. In connection with the global transition
away from LIBOR led by regulators and market participants, LIBOR was last published on a representative basis at the end of June 2023.
Alternative reference rates to LIBOR have been established in most major currencies and markets in these new rates are continuing to develop.
The transition away from LIBOR to the use of replacement rates has gone relatively smoothly but the full impact of the transition on the
Fund or the financial instruments in which the Fund invest cannot yet be fully determined.
In
addition, interest rates or other types of rates and indices which are classed as “benchmarks” have been the subject of ongoing
national and international regulatory reform, including under the European Union regulation on indices used as benchmarks in financial
instruments and financial contracts (known as the “Benchmarks Regulation”). The Benchmarks Regulation has been enacted into
United Kingdom law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended), subject to amendments made by the Benchmarks (Amendment
and Transitional Provision) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI 2019/657) and other statutory instruments. Following the implementation of
these reforms, the manner of administration of benchmarks has changed and may further change in the future, with the result that relevant
benchmarks may perform differently than in the past, the use of benchmarks that are not compliant with the new standards by certain supervised
entities may be restricted, and certain benchmarks may be eliminated entirely. Such changes could cause increased market volatility and
disruptions in liquidity for instruments that rely on or are impacted by such benchmarks. Additionally, there could be other consequences
which cannot be predicted.
Cybersecurity
Risk
The
Fund is susceptible to operational and information security risks relating to technologies such as the Internet. In general, cyber incidents
can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access
to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes
of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber attacks may also be carried
out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e.,
efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber incidents affecting the Fund or its service providers have the
ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, impediments to trading, the inability
of the Fund to transact business, violations
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of
applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional
compliance costs. The widespread use of work-from-home arrangements and the increasing use of virtual meeting and other technologies in
workplaces following the COVID-19 pandemic may increase cybersecurity risk.
Similar
adverse consequences could result from cyber incidents affecting the Fund investments, counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions,
governmental and other regulatory authorities, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies and other financial institutions. In addition,
substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent cyber incidents in the future. While the Fund’s service providers, including
the Adviser, may have established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management policies and procedures and systems to
prevent, such cyber incidents, there are inherent limitations in such plans, procedures and systems including the possibility that certain
risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund and the Adviser cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place
by its service providers or any other third parties whose operations may affect the Fund and its shareholders. The Fund could be negatively
impacted as a result.
Inflation/Deflation
Risk
Inflation
risk is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money.
Inflation, and investors’ expectation of future inflation, can impact the current value of portfolio investments, resulting in lower
asset values and losses to Fund investors. Inflation rates may change frequently and drastically as a result of various factors, including
unexpected shifts in the domestic or global economy, and the Fund’s investments may not keep pace with inflation, which may result
in losses to Fund shareholders or adversely affect the real value of investments in the Funds. This risk may be elevated compared to historical
market conditions because of historically high prevailing inflation rates, recent current events, monetary policy measures, regulatory
changes, and the current interest rate environment. Deflation risk is the risk that the prices throughout the economy decline over time—the
opposite of inflation. Deflation may have an adverse effect on the creditworthiness of issuers and may make issuer default more likely,
which may result in a decline in the value of the Fund’s portfolio.
Settlement
Risk
In
May 2024, the standard settlement cycle for numerous types of U.S. securities, including many of the securities in which the Fund
invests, moved to T+1 from T+2. The Fund has worked with its service providers to prepare for the shortened settlement cycle and to understand
and mitigate the potential impacts of shortened settlement on the Fund. However, this reduced settlement cycle may result in additional
risks and implementation costs to the Fund to the extent that certain Fund investments have longer settlement cycles.
The
Fund will invest the proceeds of the continuous offering of Shares on an ongoing basis in accordance with its investment objectives and
policies as stated below. In addition, for cash management purposes or while the Fund seeks investment opportunities, the proceeds of
the offering may be invested by the Fund in short-term, high-quality debt securities, money market instruments, money market funds and/or
liquid real estate-focused exchange-traded funds, in addition to, or in lieu of, investments consistent with the Fund’s investment
objectives and policies. It is currently anticipated that the Fund will be able to invest all or substantially all of the net proceeds
according to its investment objectives and policies within approximately three months after receipt of the proceeds, depending on the
amount and timing of proceeds available to the Fund as well as the availability of investments consistent with the Fund’s investment
objectives and policies, and except to the extent proceeds are held in cash to pay dividends or expenses, satisfy repurchase offers or
pending capital calls, or for temporary defensive purposes. If the Fund is delayed in investing the proceeds of the offering, the Fund’s
distributions could consist, in whole or in part, of a return of capital. A return of capital represents a return of a portion of your
investment. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in the Shares, thus reducing any loss or
increasing any gain on a subsequent disposition of the Shares. In addition, the Fund may maintain a portion of the proceeds in cash to
meet operational needs, as well as pay for offering costs associated with the sale of the Fund’s Shares. Thus, there is no guarantee
that the Fund will be able to assemble and achieve its desired investment portfolio with the proceeds of the offering; and as a result,
the Fund may be prevented from achieving its objectives during any time in which the Fund’s assets are not substantially invested
in accordance with its principal investment strategies.
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The
Fund was organized as a Delaware limited liability company established on March 10, 2011 and is registered under the Investment Company
Act as a closed-end investment management company. The Fund is a “non-diversified company” under the Investment Company Act,
meaning that it does not have at least 75% of the value of its total assets represented by cash and cash items (including receivables),
government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount
not greater than 5% of the value of its total assets and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
The
Fund currently offers a single class of Shares designated as “common shares.” Shares of the Fund are continuously offered
under the Securities Act. Shares are not listed, and the Fund does not intend to list Shares for trading, on any national securities exchange.
The Fund is an interval fund that provides limited liquidity through a quarterly Repurchase Offer of Shares at NAV pursuant to Rule 23c-3
under the Investment Company Act.
The
Fund’s address is 5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80237 and its telephone number is (877) 200-1878.
INVESTMENT
OBJECTIVES, INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND INVESTMENT FEATURES
Investment
Objectives
The
Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek consistent current income, while the Fund’s secondary objectives are capital
preservation and long-term capital appreciation. The Fund’s ability to achieve current income and/or long-term capital appreciation
will be tempered by the investment objective of capital preservation. The Adviser seeks to achieve the Fund’s objective by investing
primarily in (i) investments in third party private funds that themselves invest in real estate and in debt investments secured by real
estate (i.e., private REITs) and investment funds and other pooled investment vehicles (collectively, “Private Funds”));
and (ii) domestic and international publicly traded real estate securities, such as common and preferred stock of publicly listed REITs
and publicly traded real estate debt securities (“Real Estate Securities” and together with the Private Funds, “Real
Estate-Related Investments”). Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount
of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Real Estate-Related Investments. The Fund may obtain this exposure directly or through
one or more wholly-owned and/or controlled subsidiaries that engage in investment activities in securities or other assets and
are treated as corporations or disregarded entities for tax purposes (“Subsidiaries”). In addition, the Fund may
invest up to 20% of its net assets to gain exposure to other investments, including, without limitation, through (a) equity investments
in real estate and other real estate-related assets through a subsidiary that expects to elect to be taxed as a real estate investment
trust (the “VCMIX Sub-REIT”); (b) debt investments, including private debt associated with real estate, including real
estate-related loans originated by bank or non-bank lenders; and (c) originating and syndicating loans directly with real estate companies
or with projects focused on the management, development, construction, renovation, enhancement, maintenance and/or operation of real
estate. The principal investment strategies of the Fund reflect the aggregate operations of the Fund, its Subsidiaries, and the VCMIX
Sub-REIT.
While
maintaining a balance of strategies, markets, risks and institutional asset managers within the real estate industry, it is the intent
that over time the Fund’s portfolio reflect the broad trends of the real estate market. The Fund’s investment strategy seeks
to attain portfolio stability and favorable risk-adjusted investment returns with a focus on income and a low correlation to the publicly-traded
equities markets. The Fund pursues its investment strategy by seeking to diversify its overall investment portfolio by: (i) geography:
asset holdings primarily in the United States but with certain holdings across the rest of North America, Europe, Asia, Australia and
other geographic regions; (ii) property type: investments in multi-family, industrial, office, retail, hotel and other property types;
(iii) strategy: differing property and securities acquisition, underwriting and management strategies; and (iv) capital structure: investments
that include debt and equity securities, including preferred stock.
Subject
to the repurchase policies of the Private Funds, the Adviser expects to reallocate the Fund’s assets in response to changes in market
values and the performance of the Managers. The Adviser aims to maintain a portfolio of investments that includes a variety of strategies,
markets and types of Managers.
The
Fund has been designed to afford the Adviser flexibility to deploy assets in real estate investment strategies it deems appropriate under
prevailing economic and market conditions. Accordingly, at any given time, the Fund may not invest in all of the enumerated real estate
investment strategies described in this Prospectus, and the Fund’s investment allocation is not fixed and will likely not be equally
weighted. The Adviser may add different investment strategies at its discretion within the real estate sector, consistent with the Fund’s
investment objectives.
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Additional
information about the types of investments that are expected to be made by the Fund is provided below and in the SAI. The Fund’s
investment objectives are a fundamental policy and may not be changed without the approval of shareholders. Except as otherwise indicated,
the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions are not fundamental and may be changed without a vote of the shareholders. See “Additional
Investment Policies – Fundamental Policies” in the SAI.
No
assurance can be given that the Fund will achieve its investment objectives.
Investing
in Real Estate-Related Investments
The
Fund may invest directly in, and gain exposure to, investment strategies, which involve various types of properties, in different geographic
locations, with various risk/reward profiles and differing pieces of the capital structure including equity, debt or preferred securities.
The Fund has been designed to afford the Adviser flexibility to deploy assets in real estate investment strategies it deems appropriate
under prevailing economic and market conditions. Allocations to a Private Fund may vary over time upon the ongoing monitoring of the Adviser
and continuous analysis of alternative real estate managers and real estate securities managers. As noted above, the Fund will limit its
investment in any one Private Fund to less than 25% of the Fund’s assets. Under normal circumstances, a significant portion of the
Fund’s assets are expected to be invested in Private Funds (i.e., private funds that invest
in real estate and debt investments secured by real estate). The Fund is not limited in the types of Private Funds and Sub-Advisers that
it may select or the types of investment activities in which they may engage, within the real estate sector and consistent with its investment
objectives. Likewise, Sub-Advisers that are selected to sub-advise a specified portion of the Fund’s assets for investment in Real
Estate Securities may only use long-only investment strategies, and will be restricted from selling securities short and writing uncovered
options. The following is a brief description of the strategies implemented by the Fund, which strategies are employed on a collective
basis to achieve the Fund’s objectives.
Private
Funds. The Fund gains exposure to real estate-related assets in part through investments in Private
Funds. Private Funds are pooled investment vehicles, which are typically exempt from registration, that have investors other than the
Fund. The Fund will be an investor in the Private Funds as any typical investor would be. Some of these Private Funds themselves invest
in real estate. Other Private Funds invest in debt investments secured by real estate either directly or through separate entities. The
Fund intends to identify Private Funds with managers that focus on the major property types within commercial real estate (multi-family,
industrial, office and retail), but the Fund may also seek exposure to Private Funds focused on certain specialty property types (e.g.,
data centers, self-storage, seniors housing) and debt investments in respect of certain other property types with strong credit characteristics.
Private Funds typically accept investments on a continuous basis, have quarterly repurchases, and do not have a defined termination date.
Although the Private Funds are not investment companies registered pursuant to the Investment Company Act, some of the fund structures
may be 3(c)(1)/3(c)(7) Funds (which, for the avoidance of doubt, but for Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) would meet the definition of
investment company under the Investment Company Act and not qualify for any other exemption) while many others are Other Private Funds
that would not be investment companies for reasons other than the exemptions in Sections 3(c)(1) and 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company
Act. The Fund intends to invest no more than 15% of its assets in 3(c)(1)/3(c)(7) Funds (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, any Private
Fund that would qualify as an Other Private Fund). Additionally, the Fund will not invest in Private Funds that hold themselves out as
“hedge funds.” While the Adviser will only select Private Funds that invest in real estate and/or real estate-related debt,
these Private Funds will operate in a variety of global markets with a variety of real estate-related strategies and risk/return characteristics.
The
Private Funds will not be registered as investment companies under the Investment Company Act. See “Risk Factors – Private
Funds Risk.” In order to ensure compliance with the Code and other applicable regulatory requirements, the Fund generally will seek
to invest in Private Funds that utilize private REITs as the Adviser expects that income from such REITs would comply with the RIC 90%
investment income requirement under the Code. See “Taxes.”
Real
Estate Securities. The Fund may invest directly in Real Estate Securities, including equity and debt
securities issued by real estate-related companies. The Adviser has engaged the Sub-Advisers to invest the Fund’s assets in Real
Estate Securities.
Global
Real Estate Equities. The Fund seeks global real estate equity investments that the Adviser believes
will generate competitive total returns and current income. These investments typically include equity securities issued by U.S. and non-U.S.
real estate companies, including REITs and similar REIT-like entities. REIT-like entities are
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organized
outside of the U.S. and have operations and receive tax treatment similar to that of U.S. REITs. The Fund may also invest in securities
of foreign companies in the form of ADRs, GDRs and EDRs. The Sub-Advisers employ a risk-managed investment approach that focuses on companies
the Sub-Advisers believe have potential for growth and/or strong income characteristics.
Real
Estate Preferred Equities. The Fund seeks real estate preferred equity investments that the Adviser
believes will generate high income and capital preservation. These investments typically include preferred stock of REITs and other real
estate-related companies. The Sub-Advisers apply differing strategies, including, but not limited to, a value-oriented investment approach
focused on credit quality and company fundamentals. The Sub-Advisers will evaluate the fundamental characteristics of the issuers, including
creditworthiness and prevailing market factors. This approach will take into account an issuer’s corporate and capital structures
and placement of the preferred securities within that structure.
Real
Estate Debt. The Fund’s direct real estate debt investments include commercial real estate loans
and other real estate-related securities that the Sub-Advisers believe will generate a stable income stream of attractive and consistent
cash distributions. The Fund may make such investments through investment and origination of first mortgage loans as well as subordinated
debt (B-notes and mezzanine loans), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), participating loans, bridge loans and
other secured and unsecured real estate-related debt. There is no limit on the maturity or duration of any individual security and/or
other investment in which the Fund may invest.
The
Adviser will delegate to Sub-Advisers the management of a designated portion of the Fund’s assets for investment in Real Estate
Securities. Underlying equity securities chosen by the Sub-Advisers may be listed or unlisted and underlying debt securities may be rated
or unrated.
Real
Estate Equity Investments through the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The VCMIX Sub-REIT will be
structured to hold or invest, directly or indirectly, in real estate and real estate-related assets and will invest primarily in direct
ownership of real estate properties or in joint ventures or partnerships that hold real estate. The VCMIX Sub-REIT may also engage in
the acquisition, development, redevelopment, leasing, management, and disposition of real estate assets. Investments may be made in a
broad range of geographic markets and property types, depending on market conditions and opportunities. The Fund will maintain direct
or indirect voting control of the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Fund will report its investment in the VCMIX Sub-REIT in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. The Fund’s investments in the VCMIX Sub-REIT will be valued utilizing the fair value principles
outlined within the Fund’s Valuation Policy. See “Calculation of Net Asset Value.” Leverage incurred directly by the
VCMIX Sub-REIT will be aggregated with the Fund’s leverage for purposes of complying with Section 18 of the Investment Company
Act. For purposes of complying with its fundamental and non-fundamental investment restrictions and policies pursuant to Section 8
of the Investment Company Act, except in the case of the Fund’s policy with respect to the purchase of real estate, the Fund will
aggregate its direct investments with the investments of the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The VCMIX Sub-REIT may engage external management companies
for property-level oversight of its investments.
Real
Estate-Related Debt. The Fund may invest in real estate debt investments, including
commercial real estate loans and other real estate-related securities. The Fund may originate or otherwise directly invest in privately
issued real estate debt. The Fund’s investments in privately issued real estate debt typically will consist of senior debt and subordinated
debt. Senior debt includes loans and loan-related investments structured with a senior security interest in real estate assets and/or
cash flows from the real estate asset including contractual lease revenues. These loans are expected to vary in maturity, but typically
have longer durations than subordinated debt and may include a combination of fixed and floating rate interest payments. Subordinated
debt investments are secured by secondary claims against the real estate asset and its cash flow. These claims are subordinated to those
of the senior debt, which has priority in collateral and cashflow. Subordinated debt typically will have relatively short maturities and
floating interest rates. The Fund may also seek to invest in real estate-related debt that generates stable income streams of attractive
and consistent cash distributions. The Fund may make such investments in first mortgage loans as well as subordinated debt (B-notes and
mezzanine loans), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), participating loans, bridge loans and other secured and
unsecured real estate-related debt. There is no limit on the maturity or duration of any individual security and/or other investment in
which the Fund may invest.
The
Adviser evaluates investment opportunities originated by or arranged through an extensive network of relationships with Arrangers. The
Adviser evaluates opportunities involving a combination of direct lending Arrangers that focus on different sectors and different types
of loans in an attempt to limit the Fund’s concentration in any single real estate sector or risk and return profile. The Fund will
be able to adjust its dealings with Arrangers to the extent they
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are
not performing as expected or adverse circumstances are affecting them, which may be particularly beneficial given the illiquid nature
of the Fund’s assets. The Adviser has full discretion to increase or reduce the number of Arrangers through which it sources opportunities
based on the market environment or Fund growth trajectory.
Other
Investments. In certain circumstances or market environments the Fund may reduce
its investment in Real Estate-Related Investments and hold a larger position in short-term, high-quality debt securities, money market
instruments, money market funds, exchange-traded funds, and/or cash or cash equivalents. The Fund may also invest excess cash balances
in these types of investments, as deemed appropriate by the Adviser. The Fund may use derivative strategies for hedging exposure to foreign
currencies and interest rates. In addition, in pursuing its investment objective, the Fund may seek to enhance returns through the use
of leverage. The Fund intends to utilize leverage opportunistically and may choose to increase or decrease, or eliminate entirely, its
use of leverage over time and from time to time based on the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve environment, interest rate
trends, market conditions and other factors.
Core,
Core Plus and Value Added Investments
Core.
The Fund may have exposure to strategies that target high-quality portfolios with real estate assets that provide relatively lower and
more stable returns. Investments are typically located in primary markets and in the main property types (offices, retail, industrial
and multi-family) and are stable, well-maintained, and well-leased. For example, office properties with investment grade tenants; multi-family
properties in major metropolitan cities with higher rental rates; retail properties in more traditional neighborhoods and community strip-mall
centers and regional and super regional malls; and warehouse and research and development properties in strong distribution centers ,may
be considered to fall within this property type. The Fund intends to identify investments within this strategy that anticipate limited
leverage (i.e., approximately 20% to 35%) or additional capital investment, maintain relatively
stable and high occupancy levels and typically carry premium rents within a market.
Core
Plus. The Fund may have exposure to strategies that seek moderate risk portfolios with real estate that
provides moderate returns. Investments are predominantly core but with an emphasis on a modest value added management approach. A core-plus
portfolio requires slightly more complex financial structuring and management intensive focus than a core portfolio of investments. Focus
is on the main property types, in both primary and secondary markets, in buildings generally in good condition that require some form
of enhancement (i.e., repositioning, redevelopment and/or releasing). The Fund intends to identify
investments within this strategy that anticipate moderately low leverage (i.e., approximately
35% to 50% of the gross asset value of a Private Fund) and some additional capital investment.
Value
Added. To a lesser extent than core and core plus, the Fund may have exposure to strategies that typically
focus on more aggressive active asset management and often employ relatively more leverage. Investment portfolios typically target lower
quality buildings, in both primary and secondary markets in the main property types. Properties are considered value added when they exhibit
management or operational problems, require physical improvement, and/or suffer from capital constraints. Buildings often require enhancement
to upgrade them (i.e., redevelopment/repositioning/releasing). To the extent the Fund invests
in this strategy, the Fund intends to identify investments that anticipate moderate leverage (i.e.,
approximately 50% to 65%) and additional capital investment.
Investments
in Subsidiaries
The
Fund may make portfolio investments directly or indirectly through one or more Subsidiaries. References herein to the Fund include references
to a Subsidiary in respect of the Fund’s investment exposure. The Fund will comply with certain provisions of the Investment Company
Act applicable to the Fund on an aggregate basis with the Subsidiaries, including provisions relating to investment policies (Section 8),
affiliated transactions and custody (Section 17), and capital structure and leverage (Section 18). To the extent that any Subsidiary
directly incurs leverage in the form of debt, such leverage will be aggregated with the Fund’s leverage for purposes of complying
with Section 18 of the Investment Company Act. VCMIX Subsidiary has the same investment objective and strategies as the Fund and,
like the Fund, is managed by the Adviser. The Fund may invest in VCMIX Subsidiary in order to pursue its investment objective and strategies
in a potentially tax-efficient manner.
Selection
of Private Funds and Sub-Advisers
The
Adviser follows certain general guidelines when reviewing and selecting Private Funds and Sub-Advisers. The Adviser takes into consideration
the following criteria, as applicable, when selecting the approved Managers: assets under management; length of time in the business;
stability and depth of corporate management; stability and depth of
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investment
management team; investment strategies, target returns and leverage limitations; investment process and research capacity; existing portfolio
composition and valuation; structure of any Private Funds and tax considerations; historical performance and reputation; fees and expenses;
conflicts policies; reporting and valuation policies/process; and investor rights and controls.
Although
the Adviser will attempt to apply the guidelines consistently, the guidelines involve the application of subjective and qualitative criteria
and, the selection of Private Funds and Sub-Advisers is a fundamentally subjective process. The use of the selection guidelines may be
modified or eliminated at the discretion of the Adviser. In addition, some Private Funds may be newly organized and have no, or only limited,
operating histories. However, the Adviser typically will select Managers whose principals have substantial experience investing assets
in real estate and/or Real Estate Securities. There can be no assurance that the Adviser will be able to access Private Funds or Sub-Advisers
that will enable the Fund to meet its objectives.
Other
than regulatory limitations applicable to a RIC, the Adviser is not bound by any fixed criteria in allocating assets to Private Funds.
Private Funds have some flexibility to make investments in accordance with the market environment and employ leverage, as permitted within
the operative documents for their investment vehicle and limitations set forth in the Code for operation of a REIT or corporate entity.
See “Risk Factors – Focused Investment Risk” and “– Leverage Risk.” While the approved Private Funds
and Sub-Advisers have been reviewed and approved by the Adviser, there is no guarantee that any one Private Fund or Sub-Adviser will receive
an allocation of the Fund’s assets for investment. When a Private Fund or Sub-Adviser is selected, the allocation of assets may
vary substantially for each. Additionally, there can be no assurance that a Private Fund or Sub-Adviser will have the capacity to accept
additional assets for management and there may be a delay in the acceptance of such an investment that may change the Fund’s ability
to utilize such approved Private Fund or Sub-Adviser.
The
current investment guidelines developed by the Adviser include a review of the Private Funds and Sub-Advisers. In conducting this review,
the Adviser will rely on its analysis and due diligence process for the selection of the appropriate Private Funds and Sub-Advisers. The
Adviser may engage research and consulting services to assist in the aggregation and review of due diligence materials for each of the
Private Funds and Sub-Advisers that it considers. In addition, the Adviser seeks to conduct a
multi-step process to review and evaluate each potential Private Fund and each potential Sub-Advisers that includes: meetings, questionnaires,
interviews, and reference calls. The goal of the due diligence process is to evaluate: (i) the background of the Manager’s firm
and its respective team; (ii) the infrastructure of the Manager’s research, evaluation and investment procedures; (iii) the Manager’s
strategies and method of execution; (iv) the Manager’s risk control and portfolio management processes; and (v) the differentiating
factors that the Adviser believe give a Private Fund or Sub-Adviser an advantage over other potential investment funds and Managers.
Once
a Private Fund is selected, the Fund and the Adviser continue to review the investment process and performance of the Private Fund. The
Adviser and the Board engage in the necessary due diligence to ensure that the Fund’s assets are invested in Private Funds that
provide reports that will enable them to monitor the Fund’s investments as to their overall performance, sources of income, asset
valuations and liabilities. The Adviser, subject to the repurchase policies of the Private Funds, may reallocate the Fund’s assets
among the Private Funds, redeem its investment in Private Funds, and/or select additional Private Funds.
In
addition, once a Sub-Adviser is selected by the Adviser and approved by the Board and a majority of the existing shareholders (at such
time), as necessary, to sub-advise a specified portion of the Fund’s assets for investment in Real Estate Securities, the Fund and
the Adviser continue to review the investment process and performance of the Sub-Adviser. The Adviser and the Board engage in the necessary
due diligence to ensure that the Fund’s assets are invested in Real Estate Securities that are consistent with the Fund’s
investment objective and RIC requirements and that the investment performance in such securities is satisfactory.
Borrowing/Leverage
In
pursuing its investment objective, the Fund (directly or indirectly, including through one or more Subsidiaries or the VCMIX Sub-REIT)
may add leverage to its portfolio through borrowings, such as through bank loans or commercial paper and/or other credit facilities, or
by utilizing reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions, dollar rolls, and/or credit default swaps. The Fund may
use leverage to make additional investments, to satisfy repurchase requests from Fund shareholders, to provide the Fund with temporary
liquidity, or as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including for the payment of dividends or the settlement
of securities transactions which otherwise might require untimely dispositions of portfolio securities held by the Fund. The Fund
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may
add leverage to its portfolio by utilizing a bank loan secured by the portfolio securities of the Fund, commercial paper, and/or other
borrowings available to the Fund. Property level debt is expected to be incurred by operating entities held by the VCMIX Sub-REIT and
secured by real estate and other assets owned by such operating entities. If an operating entity were to default on a loan, the lender’s
recourse would be to the mortgaged property and the lender would typically not have a claim to other assets of the Fund or its subsidiaries.
The Fund intends to utilize borrowings and other forms of leverage opportunistically and may choose to increase or decrease, or eliminate
entirely, its use of leverage over time and from time to time based on the Adviser’s assessment of the yield curve environment,
interest rate trends, market conditions and other factors. Leveraging is a speculative technique and the use of leverage involves increased
costs and risk, including increased variability of the Fund’s net income, distributions and net asset value in relation to market
changes. There can be no assurance that a leveraging strategy will be used or that it will be successful during any period in which it
is employed. The Fund may lose money through the use of leverage. See “Risk Factors – Leverage Risk.” The Fund has,
and may in the future, borrow money in order to repurchase its Shares. The Fund may also borrow to facilitate investments or to seek to
enhance returns. The Fund intends to limit its borrowing and the overall leverage of its portfolio to an amount that does not exceed 33-1/3%
of the Fund’s gross asset value.
Any
leverage incurred at the Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT level is aggregated with the Fund’s leverage for purposes of complying
with Section 18 of the Investment Company Act. Any leverage at the Fund, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, and Subsidiary levels will be in addition
to financial leverage that a Private Fund may use as part of its capital structure.
Effects
of Leverage
Assuming
the Fund obtains bank borrowings with a repayment obligation equal to approximately 3% of the Fund’s managed assets and an annual
interest rate of 6.5% of such repayment obligation or principal balance (which rate is approximately the current rate which the Adviser
expects the Fund to pay, based on market rates as of March 31, 2024), income generated by the Fund’s portfolio (net of estimated
expenses) would need to exceed 0.20% in order to cover such interest payments on the borrowings. Actual interest rates may vary and may
be significantly higher or lower than the rate estimated above.
The
following table illustrates the hypothetical effect on the return to a holder of the Fund’s common Shares of the leverage obtained
through bank borrowings equal to approximately 3% of the Fund’s managed assets and interest paid on borrowings at an annual rate
of 6.5%. It is designed to illustrate the effect of leverage on the total return of common Shares, assuming investment portfolio
total returns (comprised of income and changes in the value of securities held in the Fund’s portfolio) of −10%, −5%,
0%, 5% and 10%. These assumed investment portfolio returns are hypothetical figures and are not necessarily indicative of the investment
portfolio returns experienced or expected to be experienced by the Fund. See “Risk Factors – Leverage Risk.”
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Assumed Portfolio Total Return
(Net of Expenses) | | | (10)% | | | (5)% | | | 0% | | | 5% | | | 10% |
| Common Share Total Return | | | (10.50)% | | | (5.35)% | | | (0.20)% | | | 4.96% | | | 10.11% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total
Return is composed of two main elements: the net investment income of the Fund after paying interest on its leverage and gains or losses
on the value of the securities the Fund owns.
The
Fund currently uses leverage (whether through the use of senior securities or otherwise) to achieve its investment objective, as a liquidity
source to Fund repurchases or for temporary and extraordinary purposes and may consider other potential uses in the future. The Fund’s
willingness to use leverage, and the extent to which leverage is used at any time, will depend on many factors, including the Adviser’s
assessment of the yield curve environment, interest rate trends, market conditions, and other factors.
The
Fund’s investment program is speculative and entails substantial risks. There can be no assurance that the investment objectives
of the Fund, the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the VCMIX Subsidiary, or any Private Fund will be achieved or that their investment programs will be
successful. In particular, an underlying entity’s use of leverage, its sector or geographic focus, its limited diversification and
the limited liquidity of some of its investments, in certain circumstances, can result in or contribute to significant losses to the Fund.
Shareholders should consider the Fund as a supplement to an overall investment program and should invest only if they are willing to undertake
the risks involved. Shareholders could lose some or all of their investment. The current investment themes and the research and investment
process presented in this material represent the views of the Adviser at the time this material was completed and are subject to change
without notice.
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Directors
and Officers
The
Board has overall responsibility to manage and control the business affairs of the Fund, including the complete and exclusive authority
to oversee and to establish policies regarding the management, conduct and operation of the Fund’s business. The Board exercises
the same powers, authority and responsibilities on behalf of the Fund as are customarily exercised by the board of directors of a registered
investment company. There are currently six directors of the Fund, one of whom is treated by the Fund as an “interested person”
(as defined in the Investment Company Act). The names and business addresses of the directors and officers of the Fund and their principal
occupations and other affiliations during the past five years are set forth under “Management of the Fund” in the SAI.
Control
Persons
A
control person is one who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or
acknowledges the existence of control. As of February 28, 2025, the Fund did not
know of any person that controlled the Fund.
Adviser
and Investment Management Fee
Under
the ultimate supervision of and subject to any policies established by the Board, the Adviser provides investment advice to and manages
the day-to-day business and affairs of the Fund pursuant to an investment management agreement between the Fund and the Adviser (the “Investment
Management Agreement”). In addition to managing a portion of the Fund’s assets directly, the Adviser has responsibility, subject
to the review and approval of the Board, for selecting the Fund’s strategies and for selecting and hiring the Sub-Advisers to the
Fund. The Adviser allocates the Fund’s assets and monitors the Sub-Advisers’ investment programs for consistency with the
Fund’s investment objective and strategies. The Adviser may, at its discretion, reallocate the Fund’s assets among itself
and the Sub-Advisers, allocate assets away from Sub-Advisers, and/or terminate Sub-Advisers, subject to review and approval of the Board.
The Adviser also provides certain administrative services to the Fund, including: providing office space, handling of shareholder inquiries
regarding the Fund, providing shareholders with information concerning their investment in the Fund, coordinating and organizing meetings
of the Board, and providing other support services.
In
consideration for its investment management services, the Fund pays the Adviser the Investment Management Fee equal to 0.95% annually
of the average daily NAV of the Fund. The Investment Management Fee is accrued daily and payable quarterly in arrears. The Investment
Management Fee will be paid to the Adviser out of the Fund’s assets. Because the Investment Management Fee is calculated based on
the Fund’s average daily NAV and is paid out of the Fund’s assets, it reduces the NAV of the Shares. The Adviser may receive
additional compensation at an annual rate based on a Subsidiary’s or the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s average daily net assets for providing
management services to the Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Adviser has contractually agreed to reduce the Investment Management
Fee paid by the Fund in an amount equal to any management fees it receives from the VCMIX Subsidiary and to waive the investment management
fee it receives from the VCMIX Sub-REIT such that, for the collective net assets of the Fund, VCMIX Subsidiary, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT,
the total Investment Management Fee is calculated at a rate of 0.95%. Conflicts of interest exist as a result of the fact that the Adviser
receives the Investment Management Fee irrespective of the allocation of the Fund’s assets. This conflict of interest arises because
the amount of overall time, expense, and other resources expended to select and monitor Sub-Advisers may be less than what is expended
to select and monitor underlying Private Funds. If the overall time, expense, and other resources expended by the Adviser to select and
monitor Sub-Advisers of the Fund is less than what the Adviser expends to select and monitor Private Funds, the Adviser will have an incentive
to allocate more of the Fund’s assets to Sub-Advisers. The Board monitors this potential conflict of interest and any effect it
may have on the Fund and its shareholders. Under normal circumstances, the Adviser does not believe that its overall cost and expense
will differ materially between selecting and monitoring Private Funds on the one hand, or in selecting and monitoring Sub-Advisers, on
the other.
The
Adviser is an asset management firm that specializes in real asset investing with approximately $4.94 billion in assets under management
as of September 30, 2024. The Adviser is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) as an
investment adviser under the Advisers Act. The Adviser’s offices are located at 5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado
80237, and its telephone number is (877) 200-1878. Colliers International Group Inc., a publicly traded real estate services and investment
management company whose principal offices are at 1140 Bay Street, Suite 4000 Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2B4, owns, directly and indirectly,
approximately 75% of the outstanding securities of the Adviser.
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The
Investment Management Agreement may be terminated at any time by vote of the Board or by a vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding
voting securities on sixty days’ written notice to the Adviser or by the Adviser on ninety days’ written notice to the Fund.
The Investment Management Agreement continues in effect from year to year if its continuance is approved annually by either the Board
or the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, provided that, in either event, the continuance also is approved
by a majority of the Independent Directors of the Board. The Investment Management Agreement also provides that it will terminate automatically
in the event of its “assignment,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act.
The
Investment Management Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence by the Adviser in the
performance of its duties under the Investment Management Agreement or reckless disregard of its obligations under the Investment Management
Agreement, the Adviser will not be liable to the Fund for any error of judgment or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with
the subject matter of the Investment Management Agreement. The Investment Management Agreement also provides for indemnification, to the
fullest extent permitted by law, by the Fund of the Adviser and its affiliates, and their respective partners, members, managers, directors,
officers, shareholders, employees, and controlling persons (collectively, the “Indemnified Parties”), against any losses,
judgments, liabilities, expenses and amounts paid in settlement of any claims sustained by them in connection with the Fund, provided
that such amounts were not the direct result of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of such Indemnified Party
in the performance of its duties (if any) under the Investment Management Agreement or resulted from such Indemnified Party’s reckless
disregard of its obligations and duties (if any) under the Investment Management Agreement.
A
discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment Management Agreement between the Fund and the Adviser,
along with a discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the continuation of the previous investment management
agreement between the Fund and the Adviser is available in the Fund’s semi-annual report to shareholders for the fiscal period
ended September 30, 2024.
Key
Personnel of the Adviser
The
key personnel of the Adviser who currently have primary responsibility for management of the Fund (collectively, the “Portfolio
Managers”) are as follows:
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Casey
Frazier, CFA |
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Chief
Investment Officer |
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Inception |
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Chief
Investment Officer of Versus Capital Advisors. Mr. Frazier is the Chairman of the Versus Investment Committee. He has served as the
CIO since joining the Adviser in 2011. |
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Dave
Truex, CFA |
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Deputy
Chief Investment Officer |
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August 2017 |
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Deputy
Chief Investment Officer of Versus Capital Advisors. Mr. Truex is a member of the Versus Investment Committee. He has served as the
Deputy CIO since joining the Adviser in 2017. Prior to joining the Adviser, Mr. Truex was a Portfolio Manager for Colorado’s
Public Employees Retirement Association from 2013 to 2017. |
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Kevin
Nagy, CAIA |
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Director
of Investments |
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July 2024 |
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Director
of Investments of Versus Capital Advisors. Mr. Nagy has served as Director of Investments since 2024 and previously served as Senior Portfolio
Analyst since joining the Adviser in 2019. Prior to joining the Adviser, Mr. Nagy was an Assistant Vice President in Callan LLC’s
Real Assets Consulting Group from 2013-2019. |
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The
Portfolio Managers will not be employed by the Fund and do not receive direct compensation from the Fund in connection with their portfolio
management activities. The SAI provides additional information about the Portfolio Managers’ compensation, other accounts managed
by the Portfolio Managers and the Portfolio Managers’ ownership of securities of the Fund.
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The
Adviser maintains an Investment Committee, led by Casey Frazier, the Adviser’s Chief Investment Officer, which provides general
oversight of the Fund’s investments. The senior executives on the Adviser’s Investment Committee have substantial experience
with the establishment, underwriting, and management of investment products consisting primarily of real asset investment products, including
infrastructure investments, and real estate-related securities.
Sub-Advisers
and Sub-Advisory Fees
The
Adviser has responsibility, subject to oversight by the Board, for overseeing the Sub-Advisers and for recommending their hiring, termination
and replacement. The Adviser may only enter into new sub-advisory relationships for the Fund upon Board approval and upon the approval
of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities pursuant to the Investment Company Act. If such approval is obtained,
the Adviser (or the Fund) may enter into sub-advisory relationships with registered investment advisers that possess skills that the Adviser
believes will aid it in achieving the Fund’s investment objective. The Adviser has entered into such sub-advisory agreements with
the following Sub-Advisers:
Principal
Real Estate Investors, LLC
The
Adviser has engaged Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC (“PrinREI”) a registered adviser under the Advisers Act, to act as
an independent sub-adviser to the Fund. PrinREI has been managing commercial real estate securities since 1998 and is a wholly-owned,
indirect subsidiary of Principal Financial Group, Inc., a public company listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (symbol: PFG). PrinREI
focuses on investments in publicly traded real estate securities including both equity and debt investments in both U.S. and non-U.S.
markets. PrinREI is located at 711 High Street, Des Moines, IA 50392. PrinREI typically seeks to provide exposure to publicly traded Real
Estate Securities on behalf of the Fund. PrinREI is paid a management fee by the Fund’s shareholders based on assets under management
that decreases as assets increase. The fees are assessed on a sliding scale and range from 0.60% down to 0.49% based on assets under management.
The
key decision makers for the portfolio are the REIT equities portfolio managers Kelly Rush, Anthony Kenkel, and Simon Hedger. The team
averages over 20-years tenure with the firm and averages over 30 years of investment experience. The Statement of Additional Information
provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and
the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in the Fund.
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Kelly
Rush |
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Chief
Investment Officer |
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1987 |
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Mr. Rush
is the CIO and a Global Portfolio Manager for PrinREI. Mr. Rush has been with the firm since 1987. |
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Anthony
Kenkel |
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Portfolio
Manager |
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2001 |
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Mr. Kenkel
is a Global Portfolio Manager for PrinREI. Mr. Kenkel has been with the firm since 2001. |
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Simon
Hedger |
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Portfolio
Manager |
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2003 |
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Mr. Hedger
is a Global Portfolio Manager for PrinREI. Mr. Hedger has been with the firm since 2003. |
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A
discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and PrinREI,
along with a discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the continuation of the previous investment sub-advisory
agreement between the Adviser and PrinREI (the “PrinREI Sub-Advisory Agreement”) is available in the Fund’s semi-annual
report to shareholders for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2024.
Security
Capital Research & Management
The
Adviser has engaged Security Capital Research & Management Incorporated (“Security Capital”) a registered adviser under
the Advisers Act, to act as an independent sub-adviser to the Fund. Founded in 1995, Security Capital operates with an exclusive focus
on investments in U.S.-based real estate securities. Security Capital is located at 10 South Dearborn Street, 38th Floor,
Chicago, Illinois 60603. Security Capital typically seeks to provide exposure to publicly traded Real Estate Securities on behalf of the
Fund using a detailed real estate research process that is focused on the cash flow generating potential of the real estate owned by the
companies in whose securities the Fund invests.
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Security
Capital is paid a management fee by the Fund’s shareholders based on assets under management that decreases as assets increase.
The fees are assessed on a sliding scale and ranging from 1.0% down to 0.45% based on assets under management. Security Capital has a
deep and experienced investment team contributing to the management of the assets managed on behalf of the Fund.
The
Portfolio Management Team comprising Anthony R. Manno Jr., Kevin W. Bedell and Nathan J. Gear directs all investment decisions and average
over 36 years of investment and real estate experience in all market cycles since the 1970s. The Statement of Additional Information provides
additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio
managers’ ownership of securities in the Fund.
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Anthony
Manno |
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CEO
& CIO |
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1994 |
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Mr. Manno
is the CEO and CIO of Security Capital. Mr. Manno has been with the firm since 1994. |
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Kevin
Bedell |
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Head
of Investment Research |
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1996 |
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Mr. Bedell
is the Head of Investment Research of Security Capital. Mr. Bedell has been with the firm since 1996. |
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Nathan
J. Gear |
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Executive
Director |
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2006 |
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Mr. Gear
is senior member of the Investment Research Team, he leads the fundamental analysis and pricing of REIT fixed income senior securities. |
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A
discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and Security
Capital, along with a discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the continuation of the previous investment sub-advisory
agreement between the Adviser and Security Capital (the “Security Capital Sub-Advisory Agreement”) is available in the
Fund’s semi-annual report to shareholders for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2024.
Other
Expenses of the Fund
The
Fund bears all expenses incurred in connection with its operations, other than those specifically required to be borne by the Adviser
and other service providers pursuant to their agreements with the Fund. For purposes of this section, “the Fund” includes
the Subsidiaries and the VCMIX Sub-REIT. Expenses borne by the Fund may include:
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• |
all costs and expenses
related to portfolio transactions and investments for the Fund’s portfolio, including, but not limited to, brokerage commissions,
research fees (including “soft dollars”), interest and commitment fees on loans and debt balances, custodial fees, shareholder
servicing fees, margin fees, transfer taxes and premiums and taxes withheld on foreign dividends, and expenses from investments in the
Private Funds; |
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• |
all costs and expenses
associated with operation and registration of the Fund, offering costs and the costs of compliance with any applicable Federal or state
laws; |
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• |
the costs and expenses
of holding any meetings of the Board that are regularly scheduled, permitted or required to be held under the terms of the LLC Agreement,
the Investment Company Act or other applicable law; |
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• |
fees and disbursements
of any attorneys, accountants, auditors and other consultants and professionals engaged on behalf of the Fund; |
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• |
the costs of a fidelity
bond and any liability or other insurance, including director and officer insurance, obtained on behalf of the Fund or the Board; |
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• |
all costs and expenses
of preparing, setting in type, printing and distributing reports and other communications to shareholders; |
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• |
all expenses of computing
the Fund’s NAV, including any equipment or services obtained for the purpose of valuing the Fund’s investment portfolio, including
appraisal and valuation services provided by third parties; |
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• |
all charges for equipment
or services used for communications between the Fund and any custodian, or other agent engaged by the Fund; |
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• |
the fees of BNY Mellon,
UMB Bank and of custodians, transfer agents, and other persons providing administrative services to the Fund; |
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• |
personnel costs and expenses
for the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer; and |
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• |
such other types of expenses
as may be approved from time to time by the Board. |
The
Fund will reimburse the Adviser for any of the above expenses that it pays on behalf of the Fund.
Additional
Service Providers
BNY
Mellon performs certain administrative and accounting services and shareholder services for the Fund and the Adviser. In consideration
for these services, the Fund pays BNY Mellon an annual fee, which will accrue daily on the basis of the average daily NAV of the Fund,
subject to a minimum monthly service fee.
In
addition, BNY Mellon serves as the Fund’s Transfer Agent and maintains the Fund’s accounts, books and other documents as required
to be maintained under the Investment Company Act at 118 Flanders Road, Westborough, MA 01581, or at such other place as designated
by the Adviser.
UMB
Bank (the “Custodian”) serves as the Fund’s custodian. The Custodian’s principal business address is 1010 Grand
Blvd., Kansas City, Missouri 64106.
SUITABILITY
OF THE INVESTMENT
An
investment in the Fund involves a considerable amount of risk. You may lose some or all of your entire investment in the Fund. An investment
in the Fund is suitable only for investors who can bear the risks associated with the limited liquidity of the Shares and should be viewed
as a long-term investment. An investment in the Fund may be appropriate for long-term investors seeking to diversify their total
investment portfolios by pursuing income and potential growth by adding a real estate exposure to their total portfolio. Before making
your investment decision, you and/or your personal financial adviser should consider (i) the suitability of this investment with respect
to your investment objectives and personal situation and (ii) factors such as your personal net worth, income, age, risk tolerance and
liquidity needs. The Fund should be considered an illiquid investment. You will not be able to redeem your Shares on a daily basis because
the Fund is a closed-end fund; however, limited liquidity will be available through quarterly Repurchase Offers described in this Prospectus.
In addition, the Shares are not traded on an exchange and there is currently no secondary market for the Shares. See “Risk Factors
– Interval Fund Risk” and “– Liquidity Risk.”
The
Fund offers Shares continuously at the prevailing NAV per Share. Shares are not subject to any upfront sales load, distribution fee or
early withdrawal charge. Shares are only available for purchase by: (i) institutional investors, including registered investment advisers
(“RIAs”), banks, brokers/dealers, trust companies or similar financial institutions investing for their own account or for
accounts for which they act as a fiduciary and have authority to make investment decisions (subject to certain limitations) and clients
of such institutional investors that have accounts for which such institutional investors are bound by an applicable fiduciary standard,
and (ii) the executive officers, directors, general partners, or employees of the Fund or the Adviser. The minimum initial investment
per institutional investor of the Fund (including, with respect to clause (i) above, cumulative investments of the clients of any institutional
investor of the Fund) is $10 million and the minimum for those investors referred to in clause (ii) above is $10,000. There is no
minimum amount for subsequent purchases of Shares. The Adviser has the authority to waive the minimum investment requirements or allow
investors in the Fund who do not fit the above descriptions under certain circumstances.
Shares
generally will only be available through certain financial intermediaries that provide custodial and/or clearing services for the Fund’s
institutional investors (e.g., banks, broker/dealers, investment advisers, trusts, financial
industry professionals, etc., collectively referred to as “Intermediaries” and individually as “Intermediary”).
You may purchase Shares from any Intermediary by submitting an order to purchase Shares on any day that the New York Stock Exchange (the
“NYSE”) is open for business (each, a “Business Day”). An Intermediary can help you establish and maintain an
account with such Intermediary and purchase Shares of the Fund for such account. The Fund has authorized one or more Intermediaries to
receive orders to purchase Shares and repurchase orders in response to a repurchase offer, on its behalf. Further, Intermediaries are
authorized to designate other Intermediaries to receive orders to purchase Shares and repurchase orders in response to a repurchase offer.
Once an Intermediary has determined that your investment in the Fund is suitable for your investment profile, such Intermediary shall
submit a purchase order for
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Shares
to the Fund’s Transfer Agent. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or repurchase order when an Intermediary or its
authorized designee receives the order. The Shares are offered at the NAV per Share next computed after the request to purchase Shares
is received by the Fund, an Intermediary, or its authorized designee. The Fund expects to distribute Shares principally through Intermediaries.
Because an investment in Shares involves many considerations, your financial advisor or other Intermediary may help you with your investment
decision. You also should discuss with your financial advisor or Intermediary any payments received as a result of your investment in
our Shares.
Intermediaries
may impose additional or different conditions than the Fund on purchases of Shares or submission of shares for repurchase. They may also
independently establish and charge their customers or program participants transaction fees, account fees, and other amounts in connection
with purchases of Shares in addition to any fees imposed by the Fund. These additional fees may vary over time and could increase the
cost of an investment in the Fund and lower investment returns. Each Intermediary is responsible for transmitting to its customers and
program participants a schedule of any such fees and information regarding any additional or different conditions regarding purchases
or repurchases. Shareholders who are customers of these Intermediaries or participants in programs services by them should contact the
Intermediary for information regarding these fees and conditions.
The
Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Obstruct Terrorism Act (commonly referred to as the USA PATRIOT
Act) may require an Intermediary or its authorized designee to obtain certain personal information from you, which will be used to verify
your identity. If you do not provide information, it may not be possible to open your account. If the Intermediary or authorized designee
is unable to verify your customer information, the Fund reserves the right to close your account or take other steps it deems reasonable.
Inactive
Accounts and Unclaimed Property. Shareholders should ensure that the address on
file with the Transfer Agent is correct and current in order to prevent their accounts from being deemed abandoned in accordance with
applicable state law. A shareholder’s account may be deemed abandoned in accordance with state escheatment laws if no activity occurs
in the account for a specified amount of time, which varies by state. The Fund is legally required to escheat (or transfer) abandoned
property to the applicable state’s unclaimed property administrator or other appropriate state authority. The investor’s last
known address of record determines which state has jurisdiction over an abandoned account. While the Transfer Agent will, if it receives
returned mail, attempt to locate shareholders in accordance with applicable law, if the Transfer Agent is unable to locate the shareholder
and the account is considered abandoned under applicable state law, then the Transfer Agent will escheat the account to the state. It
is your responsibility to ensure that you maintain accurate and current contact information for your account. You should contact the Transfer
Agent at (855) 653-7173 or 118 Flanders Road, Westborough, MA 01581 at least annually to ensure your account remains in active status.
Neither the Fund nor the Adviser will be liable to shareholders or their representatives for good faith compliance with escheatment laws.
The
Fund issues periodic reports to all investors, including annual audited financial statements, which are available on the Fund’s
website at www.versuscapital.com. Paper copies of the Fund’s periodic reports will no longer be sent by mail, as permitted by regulations
adopted by the SEC. You will instead be notified by mail and provided with a link each time a report is posted to the website. If you
already elected to receive reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change. Copies of the Prospectus and shareholder reports
may be obtained by calling (877) 200-1878.
The
Fund may become involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. The Fund is not currently involved in any material
legal proceedings and, to the Fund’s knowledge, no material legal proceedings are threatened against the Fund.
DISTRIBUTION
POLICY AND DISTRIBUTION REINVESTMENT POLICY
In
accordance with requirements applicable to regulated investment companies, the Fund intends to distribute to shareholders at least 90%
of its investment income and net short-term capital gains realized on investments, each year, through regular quarterly distributions.
In addition, the Fund may make periodic distributions to shareholders of all or a portion of the long-term capital gains realized on transactions
in its investments, in accordance with the requirements of the Investment Company Act and the Code.
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All
distributions paid by the Fund will be reinvested in additional Shares of the Fund unless a shareholder affirmatively elects not to reinvest
in additional Shares pursuant to the Fund’s Distribution Reinvestment Policy. Shareholders may elect initially not to reinvest by
indicating that choice in writing to the Fund’s transfer agent. Thereafter, shareholders are free to change their election. Shareholders
may change their election or receive additional information regarding the Fund’s Distribution Reinvestment Policy by contacting
the Fund’s transfer agent, the Fund’s Distribution Reinvestment Policy agent (the “Plan Agent”), at (855) 653-7173
or 118 Flanders Road, Westborough, Massachusetts 01581 (or, alternatively, by contacting the selling agent that sold such shareholder
its Shares, who will inform the Fund). Whenever the Fund declares a distribution, participating shareholders will receive such distribution
entirely in Shares to be issued by the Fund, including fractions. The number of Shares received by a shareholder in respect of the distribution
will be based on the current NAV of the Fund on the ex-dividend date, as determined by or on behalf of the Fund. There is no sales load
or other charge for Shares received pursuant to the Dividend Distribution Policy. The Fund reserves the right to suspend or limit at any
time the ability of shareholders to reinvest distributions. Distributions are taxable as described herein whether shareholders receive
them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. See “Taxes.”
QUARTERLY
REPURCHASES OF SHARES
The
Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that it will make quarterly Repurchase Offers for not less than 5% nor more than 25% of the Shares
outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer amount will be determined by the Board before each Repurchase Offer.
Each quarterly Repurchase Offer will be at the NAV per Share determined as of the Repurchase Pricing Date. Because this policy is “fundamental,”
it may not be changed without the vote of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. Shares will be
repurchased at the NAV per Share determined as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing Date.
Shareholders
will be notified in writing about each quarterly Repurchase Offer, how they may request that the Fund repurchase their Shares and the
Repurchase Request Deadline, which is the date the Repurchase Offer ends. The Repurchase Request Deadline will be determined by the Board
and will be based on factors such as market conditions, liquidity of the Fund’s assets and shareholder servicing conditions. The
time between the notification to shareholders and the Repurchase Request Deadline may vary from no more than 42 days to no less than 21
days and is expected to be approximately 30 days. Certain authorized institutions, including Intermediaries, custodians and clearing platforms,
may set times prior to the Repurchase Request Deadline by which they must receive all shareholder repurchase requests and may require
certain additional information. In addition, certain clearing houses may require shareholders to submit repurchase requests only on the
Repurchase Request Deadline. The repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the
Repurchase Pricing Date. Payment pursuant to the repurchase will be made by checks to the shareholder’s address of record, or credited
directly to a predetermined bank account on the Repurchase Payment Date, which is within seven days of the Repurchase Pricing Date. The
Board may establish other policies for repurchases of Shares that are consistent with the Investment Company Act and other applicable
laws. Shares tendered for repurchase by shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate
repurchase amounts established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Repurchase proceeds will be paid to shareholders prior to the Repurchase
Payment Date.
Repurchase
Amounts
The
Board, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the “Repurchase Offer
Amount”) for a given Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount, however, will be not less than 5% nor more than 25%
of the Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Repurchase Offer Amount will be determined by the Board before each
Repurchase Offer.
If
Share repurchase requests exceed the number of Shares in the Fund’s Repurchase Offer, the Fund may, in its sole discretion, (i)
repurchase the number of Shares in the Fund’s Repurchase Offer, allocating such repurchase among the shareholders on a pro rata
basis based on the number of Shares tendered by each of the shareholders; or (ii) increase the number of Shares to be repurchased by up
to 2.0% of the Fund’s outstanding Shares. If the Fund determines to repurchase additional Shares beyond the Repurchase Offer Amount
and if shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to repurchase, the Fund will repurchase the
tendered Shares on a pro rata basis based on the number of Shares tendered by each of the Fund’s shareholders. However, the Fund
may accept all
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shares
tendered for repurchase by shareholders who own less than one hundred shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other
amounts tendered. Because of the potential for proration, tendering shareholders may not have all of their tendered Shares repurchased
by the Fund in any Repurchase Offer. Shares repurchased by the Fund are not subject to an early withdrawal charge.
In
addition, if a Repurchase Offer is oversubscribed, the Fund may offer to repurchase at NAV outstanding Shares tendered by the estate of
a deceased shareholder or such deceased shareholder’s descendants. The amount of any such Estate Offer will be approved by the Board,
taking into account the liquidity of the Fund’s assets. In the event an Estate Offer is oversubscribed, the Fund will repurchase
the tendered Shares on a pro rata basis based on the number of Shares tendered by each of the shareholders. The Adviser may require information
it deems appropriate under the circumstances to verify a shareholder’s eligibility to participate in an Estate Offer, and it is
possible that certain Intermediaries may not be able to process or meet the requirements for Estate Offer requests.
Notice
to Shareholders
Notice
of each Repurchase Offer will be given to each beneficial owner of Shares between 21 and 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline.
The notice will describe (i) instructions for shareholders to tender their Shares for repurchase, (ii) the procedures for the Fund to
repurchase Shares on a pro rata basis, (iii) the circumstances in which the Fund may suspend or postpone a Repurchase Offer, and (iv)
the procedures that will enable shareholders to withdraw or modify their tenders of Shares for repurchase until the Repurchase Request
Deadline. The notice will also state the Repurchase Offer Amount, the dates of the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase
Pricing Date, and the scheduled Repurchase Payment Date. The notice will contain information shareholders should consider in deciding
whether or not to tender their Shares for repurchase, including the risk of fluctuation in the NAV between the Repurchase Request Deadline
and the Repurchase Pricing Date, if such dates do not coincide, and the possibility that the Fund may use an earlier Repurchase Pricing
Date than the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date (if the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date is not the Repurchase Request Deadline).
Repurchase
Price
The
repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing Date. The notice
of the Repurchase Offer will set forth the NAV that has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and how
shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification date. The notice will also provide a toll-free number for information regarding
the Repurchase Offer.
Suspension
or Postponement of Repurchase Offer
The
Fund may suspend or postpone a Repurchase Offer only: (i) if making or effecting the Repurchase Offer would cause the Fund to lose its
status as a RIC under the Code; (ii) for any period during which the NYSE or any market on which the securities owned by the Fund are
principally traded is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or during which trading in such market is restricted;
(iii) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonably
practicable, or during which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or (iv) for
such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of shareholders of the Fund. The Fund shall not suspend or postpone
a Repurchase Offer under the foregoing circumstances except pursuant to a vote of a majority of the Directors, including a majority of
the Independent Directors.
Liquidity
Requirements
The
Fund will maintain liquid assets equal to the Repurchase Offer Amount, plus the amount of any Estate Offer, from the time that the notice
is sent to shareholders until the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Fund will ensure that a percentage of its net assets equal to at least
100% of such amount consists of assets that can be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business at approximately the price at
which the Fund has valued the investment within the time period between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Payment Date.
The
Fund has adopted procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the Fund’s assets are sufficiently liquid so that the Fund
can comply with the Repurchase Offer, any Estate Offer, and the liquidity requirements described in the previous paragraph. If, at any
time, the Fund falls out of compliance with these liquidity requirements, the Board will take any action it deems appropriate to ensure
compliance.
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Consequences
of Repurchase Offers
Repurchase
Offers typically will be funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities. Payment for repurchased Shares, however, may require
the Fund to liquidate portfolio holdings earlier than the Adviser otherwise would, thus increasing the Fund’s portfolio turnover
and potentially causing the Fund to realize losses. The Adviser intends to take measures to attempt to avoid or minimize such potential
losses and turnover, and instead of liquidating portfolio holdings, may borrow money to finance repurchases of Shares. If the Fund borrows
to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect shareholders who do not tender their Shares in a Repurchase
Offer by increasing the Fund’s expenses and reducing any net investment income. To the extent the Fund finances repurchase amounts
by selling Fund investments, the Fund may hold a larger proportion of its assets in less liquid securities. In addition, the sale of portfolio
securities to finance repurchases could reduce the market price of those underlying securities, which in turn would reduce the Fund’s
NAV.
Repurchase
of the Shares will tend to reduce the amount of outstanding Shares and, depending upon the Fund’s investment performance, its net
assets. A reduction in the Fund’s net assets would increase the Fund’s expense ratio, to the extent that additional Shares
are not sold and expenses otherwise remain the same (or increase). In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will be a taxable
event to shareholders.
The
Fund is intended as a long-term investment. Shareholders should view the Fund’s quarterly Repurchase Offers as a shareholder’s
only means of liquidity with respect to his, her or its Shares. Shareholders have no rights to redeem or transfer their Shares, other
than limited rights pursuant to certain conditions and restrictions in the LLC Agreement. The Shares are not traded on a national securities
exchange and no secondary market exists for the Shares, nor does the Fund expect a secondary market for the Shares to exist in the future.
CALCULATION
OF NET ASSET VALUE
The
Fund calculates its NAV once each Business Day typically as of the regularly scheduled close of normal trading on the NYSE (normally,
4:00 p.m., Eastern Time). If the regular schedule of the NYSE is for a close prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, such as on days in
advance of holidays observed by the NYSE, the Fund typically will calculate its NAV as of such earlier closing time. In unusual circumstances,
such as an unscheduled close or halt of trading on the NYSE, the Fund may calculate its NAV as of an alternative time. The NAV of the
Fund will be equivalent to its assets less its liabilities valued on the basis of market quotations where available and otherwise in accordance
with the policies and procedures as discussed below and specifically in the Fund’s Valuation Policy. The NAV of the Fund and the
NAV per Share will be calculated daily by BNY Mellon, as administrator, in accordance with the valuation methodologies approved by the
Board, by the Adviser in its role as the Fund’s valuation designee (the “Valuation Designee”), or as may otherwise be
determined from time to time pursuant to policies established by the Board or the Valuation Designee.
Valuation
Methodology – Securities with Readily Available Market Quotations
Publicly
Traded U.S. Listed Equity Securities, including certain Preferred Stock Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) and Listed Closed End Funds.
Investments in publicly traded, domestic equity securities that are listed on the NYSE are valued, except as indicated below, at the official
closing price reflected at the close of the NYSE on the Business Day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no
published closing price on such day, the securities are fair valued in accordance with the procedures outlined below. Securities not listed
on the NYSE but listed on other domestic or foreign securities exchanges are valued in a similar manner. Securities traded on more than
one securities exchange are valued at the closing price of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities on the Business
Day as of which such value is being determined. If, after the close of a domestic or foreign market, but prior to the close of business
on the day the securities are being valued, market conditions change significantly, the domestic or foreign securities may be valued pursuant
to procedures established by the Board or the Valuation Designee.
Open-End
Mutual Funds. Investments in open-end mutual funds are valued at their closing NAV.
Fair
Valuation Methodology – Securities without Readily Available Market Quotations, Priced by an Approved Pricing Source
Securities
traded in the over-the-counter market, such as fixed-income securities and certain equities, including listed securities whose primary
market is believed by the Valuation Designee to be over-the-counter, are valued at the official closing prices as reported by one or more
pricing service providers as approved by the Board or the Valuation Designee (“Approved Pricing Sources”). If there has been
no official closing price on such day, the securities are valued at the mean of the closing bid and ask prices for the day or, if no ask
price is available, at the bid price.
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Fixed
income securities, typically will be valued on the basis of prices provided by an Approved Pricing Source, generally an evaluated price
or at the mean of closing bid and ask prices obtained by the Approved Pricing Source when such prices are believed by the Valuation Designee
to reflect the fair market value of such securities.
Syndicated
loans are valued by Approved Pricing Sources at the average of broker quotes obtained from market makers deemed reliable by their internal
evaluation staff or by internally developed models that incorporate both indicative quotes and actual trade data for similar loans.
Short-term
debt securities, which have a maturity date of 60 days or less, are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.
Securities
for which market prices are unavailable, or securities for which the Adviser determines that the market quotation is unreliable, will
be valued at fair value pursuant to procedures approved by the Board. In these circumstances, the Adviser determines fair value in a manner
that fairly reflects the market value of the security on the valuation date based on consideration of any information or factors it deems
appropriate. These may include recent transactions in comparable securities, information relating to the specific security and developments
in the markets.
The
Fund’s use of fair value pricing may cause the NAV of the Shares to differ from the NAV that would be calculated using market quotations.
Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may be materially different
from the value that could be realized upon the sale of such security.
Fair
Valuation Methodology – Private Funds
The
Board has adopted procedures pursuant to which the Valuation Designee typically will value the Fund’s investments in the Private
Funds according to the value reported by each Private Fund’s quarterly NAV statement. The Valuation Designee will also review this
information for reasonableness based on its knowledge of current market conditions and the individual characteristics of each Private
Fund and may clarify or validate the reported information with the applicable manager of the Private Fund.
In
certain circumstances, a Private Fund or its manager may provide information on a Private Fund’s NAV on a basis more frequent than
quarterly (daily or periodically). The Valuation Designee will also review this information for reasonableness based on its knowledge
of current market conditions and the individual characteristics of each Private Fund and may clarify or validate the reported information
with the applicable manager of the Private Fund. If determined reasonable, the Valuation Designee may value the Fund’s investment
in such Private Fund according to this information without further adjustments.
The
Valuation Designee may conclude, in certain circumstances, that the information provided by any Private Fund or its manager does
not represent the fair value of the Fund’s investment in a Private Fund and is not indicative of what actual fair value would be
under current market conditions. In those circumstances, the Valuation Designee may determine to value the Fund’s investment in
the Private Fund at a discount or a premium to the reported value received from the Private Fund. Any such decision will be made in good
faith by the Valuation Designee, and will be reported to the Board’s Valuation Committee at its next regularly scheduled quarterly
meeting.
Additionally,
between the quarterly valuation periods (and between other periodic valuation periods if determined appropriate by the Valuation Designee),
the NAVs of such Private Funds are typically adjusted daily based on the total return that each Private Fund is estimated by the Valuation
Designee to generate during the current quarter. The Valuation Designee monitors these estimates regularly and updates them as necessary
if macro or individual fund changes warrant any adjustments.
The
Valuation Designee shall use its best efforts to ensure that each Private Fund has in place policies and procedures that provide underlying
principles behind the disclosure of reliable information with adequate supporting operational practices.
If
the Valuation Designee determines that the Fund does not have the ability to sell shares of a Private Fund in its primary market through
redemptions back to the Private Fund, the Valuation Designee may determine to fair value the Private Fund at a price other than its NAV.
In such an instance, the Valuation Designee may consider any information it deems appropriate, including information received from broker-dealers
and/or pricing services or comparable sales in the secondary market. Any such fair valuation determinations will be made in good faith
by the Valuation Designee, may be based upon an internally developed pricing model, and will be reported to the Board’s Valuation
Committee at its next regularly scheduled quarterly meeting.
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Fair
Valuation Methodology – Sub-REIT Investments
The
Board has adopted procedures pursuant to which the Valuation Designee will value the Fund’s investments in the VCMIX Sub-REIT at
fair value. At the end of quarterly periods, the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s NAV is typically adjusted based on the actual income and appreciation
or depreciation realized by the VCMIX Sub-REIT when the quarterly valuations and income are reported by the external property managers
of the underlying assets. The Valuation Designee typically requires the external property management companies of any direct investment
made by the VCMIX Sub-REIT to follow similar procedures to the other continuously offered Private Funds.
The
Valuation Designee will also review this information for reasonableness based on its knowledge of current market conditions and the individual
characteristics of the VCMIX Sub-REIT and may clarify or validate the reported information with the applicable external property manager
of the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Valuation Designee’s valuation of the VCMIX Sub-REIT is individually updated as soon as the Valuation
Designee completes its reasonableness review, including any necessary additional information validations with the external property manager
of a VCMIX Sub-REIT investment, and typically within 45 calendar days after the end of each quarter for the VCMIX Sub-REIT. The Valuation
Designee may conclude, in certain circumstances, that the information provided by any such external property manager does not represent
the fair value of the Fund’s investment in the VCMIX Sub-REIT and is not indicative of what actual fair value would be under current
market conditions. In those circumstances, the Valuation Designee may determine to value the Fund’s investment in the VCMIX Sub-REIT
at a discount or a premium to the reported value received from the external property manager. Any such decision will be made in good faith
by the Valuation Designee, and will be reported to the Board’s Valuation Committee at its next regularly scheduled quarterly meeting.
Additionally,
between the quarterly valuation periods, the NAV of the VCMIX Sub-REIT is adjusted daily based on the total return that the VCMIX Sub-REIT
is estimated by the Adviser to generate during the current quarter. The Valuation Designee monitors these estimates regularly and updates
them as necessary if macro or individual asset level changes warrant any adjustments. The Valuation Designee shall use its best efforts
to ensure that each Sub-REIT valuation is based upon reliable information subject to the application of adequate policies and practices.
The
Fund values its investments in the VCMIX Sub-REIT based in large part on valuations provided by the external property managers of the
VCMIX Sub-REIT or third-party appraisers. These fair value calculations will involve significant professional judgment by the external
property managers of the VCMIX Sub-REIT in the application of both observable and unobservable attributes. The calculated NAV of the VCMIX
Sub-REIT’s assets may differ from their actual realizable value or future fair value. Valuations will be provided to the Fund based
on the interim unaudited financial records of the VCMIX Sub-REIT and, therefore, will be estimates subject to adjustment (upward or downward)
upon the auditing of such financial records and may fluctuate as a result. The Valuation Designee may not have the ability to assess the
accuracy of these valuations. Because a significant portion of the Fund’s assets may be invested in the VCMIX Sub-REIT, these valuations
could have a considerable impact on the Fund’s NAV.
Fair
Valuation Methodology – Private Debt Investments
The
Valuation Designee will use its best efforts to value each private debt investment at its fair value under current market conditions.
In doing so, the Valuation Designee will engage external valuation consultants to aid in the fair value determination of each private
debt investment.
The
Valuation Designee will work with the external valuation consultants to select an appropriate fair valuation approach for each private
debt investment, which may include, but is not limited to, yield, market and cost approaches, or a combination of approaches. The external
valuation consultant, in consultation with the Valuation Designee, may develop a unique valuation model or method for each individual
private debt investment. The models and/or methods used may consider, among other things, comparable sector curve information, public
market valuations, transaction prices, discounted cash flow analyses, assessments of borrower credit quality, borrower- or project-specific
financial information, and/or other relevant information. Models may apply changes to certain public market inputs, such as comparable
sector curves and/or benchmarks, only upon a change exceeding predetermined volatility thresholds and may also incorporate adjustments
to public market inputs, such as the application of haircuts at levels which may vary based on market circumstances. The models and/or
methods used by the external valuation consultant will produce information such as a specific price estimate, an estimated valuation range
or confirmation that the prior day’s price estimate remains appropriate.
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The
Valuation Designee will review the intended valuation approach and/or valuation model for each private debt investment as developed by
an external valuation consultant prior to its implementation. This review may consider numerous factors such as the particular investment’s
contractual cash flows, the financial strength and operational performance of the borrower, and the debt instrument’s spread to
relevant base rates. The Valuation Designee may receive certain initial and/or periodic financial information from the borrower, loan
administrator, arranger, monitoring agent, and/or other external parties, and will provide this information to the external valuation
consultant for consideration in the valuation model.
The
Valuation Designee will determine a fair valuation for each private debt investment daily, typically based on information received from
an external valuation consultant (i.e., outputs from the models and/or methods described above). The Valuation Designee will review the
valuation estimates provided by the external valuation consultants for reasonableness based on its knowledge of each investment and current
market conditions. When a valuation range is provided, the Valuation Designee will generally determine to keep the valuation unchanged
if the prior day’s price falls within the current day’s range. These valuation processes may result in a private debt investment’s
valuation being unchanged for a period of time.
In
certain circumstances, an externally provided valuation range or specific price estimate may be unavailable or the Valuation Designee
may determine that the valuation received does not represent the fair value of the private debt investment based on current market conditions.
In such an instance, the Valuation Designee will determine the fair value of the investment, in good faith, via alternative means which
may include, among others, valuing the investment at its prior day’s price, valuing the investment at its amortized cost, or implementing
an internally developed model. In determining such a fair valuation, the Valuation Designee may consider any information it deems appropriate
including as received directly from the borrower, as received from alternative external information sources, including monitoring agents,
or as reflected by current general market conditions.
NAV
and NAV Per Share Calculation
The
price at which an investor buys Shares or has Shares repurchased is the NAV per Share. BNY Mellon calculates the Fund’s NAV once
each Business Day as follows:
|
• |
Current value of the Fund’s
total assets, including the value of all investments held; and |
|
• |
Less any liabilities including
accrued fees and expenses of the Fund or distributions to be paid. |
NAV
per Share is calculated by taking the Fund’s NAV divided by the total number of Shares outstanding at the time the determination
is made. The NAV per Share is calculated before taking into consideration any additional investments to be made as of such date and prior
to including any dividend reinvestment or any repurchase obligations to be paid in respect of a Repurchase Date that is as of such date.
DESCRIPTION
OF SHARES
The
Fund is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Shares of beneficial interest. The Board is authorized to increase or decrease the
number of Shares the Fund is authorized to issue. Each Share has one vote at all meetings of shareholders and, when issued and paid for
in accordance with the terms of this offering, will be fully paid and non-assessable.
All
Shares have equal rights as to dividends, assets and voting privileges and have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights.
Shareholders are not liable for further calls or assessments. The Fund will send periodic reports (including financial statements) to
all shareholders. The Fund does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders. Shares are not available in certificated form. Any
transfer of Shares will be void if made to an account held through a broker, dealer or other Intermediary that has not entered into an
agreement for the provision of shareholder services to the Fund. In addition, in the event of any transfer that violates the foregoing
transfer restrictions, such as pursuant to testate or intestate succession, the Fund will have the right (but not the obligation) to repurchase
any such improperly transferred Shares at their then current NAV. This repurchase right is in addition to any other remedy that the Fund
may have, including, when consistent with applicable law, refusing to recognize any such transfer. With very limited exceptions, including
the ability of a shareholder to transfer or resell Shares pursuant to the terms of the LLC Agreement, Shares are not transferable and
liquidity will be provided principally through limited Repurchase Offers. See “Risk Factors – Interval Fund Risk” and
“– Liquidity Risk.”
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In
general, any action requiring a vote of the holders of the Shares of the Fund shall be effective if taken or authorized by the affirmative
vote of a majority of the outstanding Shares. Any change in the Fund’s fundamental policies may also be authorized by the vote of
the holders of two-thirds of the Shares present at a shareholders’ meeting if the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares
are present or represented by proxy.
All
distributions paid by the Fund will be reinvested in additional Shares of the Fund unless a shareholder affirmatively elects not to reinvest
in Shares. Shareholders may elect initially not to reinvest by indicating that choice in writing to the Fund’s transfer agent. Thereafter,
shareholders are free to change their election by contacting the Fund’s transfer agent (or, alternatively, by contacting the selling
agent that sold such shareholder its Shares, who will inform the Fund). Shares purchased by reinvestment will be issued at their NAV on
the ex-dividend date. There is no sales load or other charge for Shares received by reinvestment. The Fund reserves the right to suspend
or limit at any time the ability of shareholders to reinvest distributions. The automatic reinvestment of distributions does not relieve
participants of any U.S. federal income tax that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on such distributions. In the event of any
voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Fund, after payment of all of the liabilities of the Fund, shareholders
are entitled to share ratably in all the remaining assets of the Fund.
The
following table shows Shares of the Fund that were authorized and outstanding as of February 25,
2025:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Shares of beneficial interest
| | | Unlimited | | | 0 | | | 73,286,643.56 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
As
a continuously offered closed-end fund, it is anticipated that the Fund will offer additional Shares subject to future registration statements.
In deciding whether to make these sales, the Fund will take into account all factors it considers relevant, including market conditions
and the cash available to it for investment.
This
section summarizes some of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. persons of investing in the Fund; the consequences under other
tax laws and to non-U.S. shareholders may differ. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors as to the possible application of federal,
state, local or non-U.S. income tax laws. Please see the SAI for additional information regarding the tax aspects of investing in the
Fund.
Treatment
as a Regulated Investment Company
The
Fund has elected to be treated, and intends each year to qualify and be eligible to be treated, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
A RIC is not subject to U.S. federal income tax at the corporate level on income and gains from investments that are distributed to shareholders.
The Fund’s failure to qualify as a RIC would result in corporate-level taxation, thereby reducing the return on your investment.
The
Fund is permitted to invest up to 25% of its total assets in the aggregate in VCMIX Subsidiary, which has elected to be treated as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any other issuer that the Fund controls and that is engaged in the same, similar or related
trade or business. A RIC generally does not take into account income earned by a U.S. corporation in which it invests unless and until
the corporation distributes such income to the RIC as a dividend. Where a Subsidiary, such as VCMIX Subsidiary, is organized in the U.S.,
the Subsidiary will be liable for an entity-level U.S. federal income tax on its income from U.S. and non-U.S. sources, as well as any
applicable state taxes, which will reduce the Fund’s return on its investment in the Subsidiary. If a net loss is realized by the
Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income of the Fund.
Taxes
on Fund Distributions
A
shareholder subject to U.S. federal income tax will generally be subject to tax on Fund distributions. For U.S. federal income tax purposes,
Fund distributions will generally be taxable to a shareholder as either ordinary income or capital gains. Fund dividends consisting of
distributions of investment income generally are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Federal taxes on Fund distributions of capital
gains are determined by how long the Fund owned or is deemed to have owned the investments that generated the capital gains, rather than
how long a shareholder has owned the shares. Distributions of net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over
net short-term capital losses, in each case determined with reference to any loss carryforwards) that are properly reported by the Fund
as
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capital
gain dividends generally will be treated as long-term capital gains includible in a shareholder’s net capital gains and taxed to
individuals at reduced rates. Distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses generally will be
taxable to you as ordinary income.
The
Code generally imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on the “net investment income” of certain individuals, trusts and
estates to the extent their income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Net investment income generally includes for this purpose dividends
paid by the Fund, including any capital gain dividends, and net capital gains recognized on the sale, redemption or exchange of shares
of the Fund. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this additional tax on their
investment in the Fund.
The
ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a taxable year cannot be determined finally until after the end
of that taxable year. As a result, the Fund has made, and in the future may make total distributions during a taxable year in an amount
that exceeds the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. In that case, the excess generally would be treated as a return
of capital and would reduce a shareholder’s tax basis in the applicable shares, with any amounts exceeding such basis treated as
gain from the sale of such shares. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in the shares, thus
reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
Distributions
by the Fund to its shareholders that the Fund properly reports as “section 199A dividends,” as defined and subject to certain
conditions described in the SAI, are treated as qualified REIT dividends in the hands of non-corporate shareholders. Very generally, a
“section 199A dividend” is any dividend or portion thereof that is attributable to certain dividends received by a RIC from
REITs, to the extent such dividends are properly reported as such by the RIC in a written notice to its shareholders.
An
investment in the Fund may result in liability for the federal alternative minimum tax to shareholders subject to such tax. Shareholders
subject to the alternative minimum tax should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential alternative minimum tax implications
of holding shares of the Fund.
Fund
distributions are taxable to shareholders as described above even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the Fund before a shareholder’s
investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid).
Certain
Fund Investments
The
Fund’s transactions in derivatives could affect the amount, timing and character of distributions from the Fund, and could increase
the amount and accelerate the timing for payment of taxes payable by shareholders. The Fund’s investments in certain debt instruments
could cause the Fund to recognize taxable income in excess of the cash generated by such investments (which may require the Fund to liquidate
other investments in order to make required distributions). The Fund does not expect to qualify to pass through tax-exempt dividends to
shareholders.
REITs
are subject to a highly technical and complex set of provisions in the Code. The Fund invests in the VCMIX Sub-REIT, a wholly-owned and
controlled subsidiary that is eligible and has elected to be treated as a REIT under the Code, and may invest in other real estate companies
that purport to be REITs. The VCMIX Sub-REIT and other such companies could fail to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
In the event of any such unexpected failure to qualify as a REIT, the VCMIX Sub-REIT or other company would be subject to corporate-level
taxation, including on its distributed earnings, significantly reducing the return to the Fund on its investment in such company. See
“Certain Investments in REITS” and “Taxation of REIT Subsidiary” in the SAI. See also “Tax Risks –
Sub-REIT” above.
In
order to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund must limit its investment in any one issuer or any two or more issuers that
the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses to no more than 25% of the Fund’s total
assets. It is possible that the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the VCMIX Subsidiary, and any other Subsidiary will be treated as engaged in the same,
similar or related trades or businesses for this purpose. As a result, the Fund may be required to limit its investment in such entities
in the aggregate to 25% of the Fund’s total assets. See “Tax Risks – Subsidiaries and the VCMIX Sub-REIT” above.
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Private
Funds
The
Fund may invest in Private Funds that are classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As such, the Fund may be required
to recognize items of taxable income and gain prior to the time that the Fund receives corresponding cash distributions from the Private
Fund. In such case, the Fund might have to borrow money or dispose of investments, including interests in other Private Funds, including
when it is disadvantageous to do so, in order to make the distributions required to maintain its status as a RIC and to avoid the
imposition of a federal income or excise tax.
Private
Funds classified as partnerships for federal income tax purposes may generate income allocable to the Fund that is not qualifying income
for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above. In order to meet the 90% gross income test, the Fund may structure its investments
in a way potentially increasing the taxes imposed thereon or in respect thereof.
Furthermore,
it may not always be clear how the asset diversification rules for RIC qualification will apply to the Fund’s investments in Private
Funds that are classified as partnerships for federal income tax purposes.
As
a result of the considerations described in the preceding paragraphs, the Fund’s intention to qualify and be eligible for treatment
as a RIC can limit its ability to acquire or continue to hold positions in Private Funds that would otherwise be consistent with its investment
strategy or can require it to engage in transactions in which it would otherwise not engage, resulting in additional transaction costs
and reducing the Fund’s return to shareholders. The Fund’s investment in Private Funds may also adversely bear on the Fund’s
ability to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
Unless
otherwise indicated, references in this discussion to the Fund’s investments, activities, income, gain, and loss include, as applicable,
the investments, activities, income, gain, and loss attributable to the Fund as result of the Fund’s investment in any Private Fund
or other entity that is properly classified as a partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and not an association
or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation).
Foreign
(Non-U.S.) Taxes
Income
received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, which
will reduce the return on those investments. The Fund does not expect that shareholders will be entitled to claim a credit or deduction
for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to foreign taxes paid by the Fund; in that case the foreign tax will nonetheless reduce
the Fund’s taxable income. Even if the Fund were eligible to and did elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign tax credits
or deductions, tax-exempt shareholders and those who invest in the Fund through tax-advantaged accounts such as IRAs would not benefit
from any such tax credit or deduction.
Taxes
When You Dispose of Your Common Shares
Any
gain resulting from the disposition of Shares that is treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes generally will
be taxable to shareholders as capital gains for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Shareholders who offer and are able to sell all of the
Shares they hold or are deemed to hold in response to a repurchase offer generally will be treated as having sold their shares and generally
will recognize a capital gain or loss. In the case of shareholders who tender or are able to sell fewer than all of their shares, it is
possible that any amounts that the shareholder receives in such repurchase will be taxable as a dividend to such shareholder. In addition,
there is a risk that shareholders who do not tender any of their shares for repurchase, or whose percentage interest in the Fund otherwise
increases as a result of the repurchase offer, will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having received a taxable dividend
distribution as a result of their proportionate increase in the ownership of the Fund. The Fund’s use of cash to repurchase shares
could adversely affect its ability to satisfy the distribution requirements for treatment as a RIC. The Fund could also recognize income
in connection with its liquidation of portfolio securities to fund share repurchases. Any such income would be taken into account in determining
whether such distribution requirements are satisfied.
Backup
Withholding
The
Fund is generally required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and redemption proceeds
paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend
or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Fund that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding.
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DISTRIBUTION
ARRANGEMENTS
General
Foreside
Funds Distributors LLC, the Fund’s Distributor, serves as the Fund’s “statutory underwriter,” within the meaning
of the Securities Act, and “principal underwriter,” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act, and facilitates the
distribution of the Shares. The Distributor’s principal business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101.
The
Distributor will offer the Shares on a best efforts basis, but is not obligated to sell any certain number of Shares. Under the Distribution
Agreement between the Fund and the Distributor, the Fund has agreed to indemnify the Distributor or its designee, their respective affiliates,
the Adviser, and certain other persons against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. However, the Fund
will not be required to provide indemnification where it is determined that the liability resulted from the willful misfeasance, bad faith
or gross negligence of the person seeking indemnification in the performance of such person’s duties under the Distribution Agreement,
or from the reckless disregard of such person’s obligations under the Distribution Agreement.
Other
Payments Made by the Fund, the Adviser, the Distributor and/or its Designee
The
Fund, the Adviser and/or the Distributor may authorize one or more Intermediaries to receive orders and provide certain related services
on behalf of the Fund. Additionally, the Adviser has entered into distribution and/or servicing agreements to compensate Intermediaries
for distribution-related activities and/or for providing ongoing services in respect of clients to whom they have distributed Shares of
the Fund. Distribution-related services may include, among other things, the provision of education and support for the Fund’s sales
team, the placement of the Fund on preferred lists and in advisory allocation models, and promotion of the Fund through conferences, roadshows,
and newsletters. Shareholder servicing arrangements may include, among other things, electronic processing of client orders, electronic
fund transfers between clients and the Fund, account reconciliations with the Fund’s transfer agent, facilitation of electronic
delivery to clients of Fund documentation, monitoring client accounts for back-up withholding and any other special tax reporting obligations,
maintenance of books and records with respect to the foregoing, and such other information and liaison services as the Fund or the Adviser
may reasonably request.
Compensation
received by the Intermediaries is paid by the Adviser out of the Adviser’s own resources and is not an expense of the Fund or Fund
shareholders. These payments may create a conflict of interest for the Intermediaries by providing an incentive to recommend the Shares
over other potential investments that may also be appropriate for the clients of such Intermediaries. These payments may also have the
effect of increasing the Fund’s assets under management, which would increase the amount of the Investment Management Fee payable
to the Adviser. There is no limit on the amount of such compensation paid by the Adviser to the Intermediaries, subject to the limitations
imposed by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. Such professionals and Intermediaries may provide varying investment products,
programs, platforms and accounts through which investors may purchase or participate in a repurchase of Shares of the Fund. Platform fees,
administration fees, shareholder services fees and sub-transfer agent fees are not paid by the Fund as compensation for any sales or distribution
activities.
The
aggregate amount of these payments may be substantial and may include amounts that are sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing”
payments. Because these revenue sharing payments are paid by the Adviser and not from the Fund’s assets, the amount of any revenue
sharing payments is determined by the Adviser. The existence or level of such payments may be based on factors that include, without limitation,
differing levels or types of services provided by the Intermediaries, the expected level of assets or sales of Shares, the placing of
the Fund on a recommended or preferred list and/or access to an Intermediary’s personnel and other factors. Payments may be based
on current or past sales, current or historical assets or a flat fee for specific services provided. Shareholders should inquire of an
Intermediary how the Intermediary will be compensated for investments made in the Fund.
The
Adviser may manage and offer additional investment products other than the Fund. The compensation for services paid to Intermediaries
may differ from one fund to another, even if the two funds are charged the same management fee or incentive-based fee (i.e.,
even if, overall, an investor would pay the same amount in fees). The differences in compensation may create an incentive for Intermediaries
to recommend funds for which they receive higher compensation. Shareholders should discuss this with their Intermediaries to learn more
about the compensation they receive.
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This
notice describes the Fund’s privacy policy. The Fund is committed to protecting the personal information that it collects about
individuals who are prospective, former or current investors. The Fund collects personal information (“Personal Information”)
for business purposes, such as to process requests and transactions, to maintain accounts, and to provide customer service. Personal Information
is obtained from the following sources.
|
• |
Investor applications
and other forms, which may include your name(s), address, social security number or tax identification number; |
|
• |
Written and electronic correspondence,
including telephone contacts; and |
|
• |
Transaction history,
including information about the Fund’s transactions and balances in your accounts with the Fund or its affiliates or other holdings
of the Fund and any affiliation with the Adviser and its subsidiaries. |
The
Fund limits access to Personal Information to those employees and service providers who need to know that information for business purposes.
Employees are required to maintain and protect the confidentiality of Personal Information. The Adviser, on behalf of the Fund, maintains
written policies and procedures that address physical, electronic and administrative safeguards designed to protect Personal Information.
The
Fund may share Personal Information described above with the Adviser and its various other affiliates or service providers for business
purposes, such as to facilitate the servicing of accounts. The Fund may share the Personal Information described above for business purposes
with a non-affiliated third party only as authorized by exceptions to Regulation S-P’s opt-out requirements, for example, if it
is necessary to effect, administer, or enforce a transaction that an investor requests or authorizes; (ii) in connection with processing
or servicing a financial product or service an investor requests or authorizes; and (iii) in connection with maintaining or servicing
the investor’s account with the Fund. The Fund also may disclose Personal Information to regulatory authorities or otherwise as
permitted by law. The Fund endeavors to keep its customer files complete and accurate. The Fund should be notified if any information
needs to be corrected or updated.
STATEMENT
OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION DATED March 11, 2025
VERSUS
CAPITAL REAL ESTATE FUND LLC
(formerly,
Versus Capital Multi-Manager Real Estate Income Fund LLC)
Shares
of Beneficial Interest: (VCMIX)
5050
S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100
Denver,
Colorado 80237
(Address
of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrant’s
Telephone Number, including Area Code: (877) 200-1878
This
Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI relates to and should be read in conjunction
with the Prospectus of Versus Capital Real Estate Fund LLC (the “Fund”), dated March 11,
2025 (the “Prospectus”). Defined terms used herein, and not otherwise defined herein, have the same meanings as
in the Prospectus. The financial statements, along with the accompanying notes and report of independent registered public accounting
firm, which appear in the Fund’s most recent annual report to shareholders, and the financial
statements, along with the accompany notes, which appear in the Fund’s most recent semi-annual report to shareholders,
are incorporated by reference into this SAI. You can request a copy of the Prospectus, this SAI and the Fund’s annual and semi-annual
reports without charge by writing to the Fund at the address above or by calling (877) 200-1878 or by visiting www.versuscapital.com.
This SAI, material incorporated by reference and other information about the Fund are also available on the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov).
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The
Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that continuously offers its shares and operates as an “interval
fund” (as defined below). The Fund offers one class of shares. The Fund initially offered its Shares on December 19,
2011. As of July 12, 2012, the Fund simultaneously redesignated its then issued and outstanding Shares as Class F Shares and
created Class I Shares. A registration statement filed on January 29, 2018 eliminated the Fund’s Class F Shares (VCMRX)
and simultaneously redesignated its issued and outstanding Class I Shares (VCMIX) as Common Shares (VCMIX). Any issued and outstanding
Class F Shares were converted to Common Shares (VCMIX). The Class F Shares have been eliminated and will no longer be offered.
Effective July 29, 2024, the Fund’s name changed from Versus Capital Multi-Manager Real Estate Income Fund to Versus Capital Real
Estate Fund.
ADDITIONAL
INVESTMENT POLICIES
The
investment objectives and principal investment strategies of the Fund, as well as the principal risks associated with the Fund’s
investment strategies, are set forth in the Prospectus. See “Investment Objectives, Strategies and Investment Features”
in the Prospectus.
Certain
additional investment information is set forth below.
Fundamental
Policies
The
Fund’s fundamental policies may be changed only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest
of the Fund (collectively, the “Shares”). Fundamental policies of the Fund are listed below. For the purposes of this SAI,
“majority of the outstanding Shares of the Fund” means the vote, at an annual or special meeting of shareholders duly called,
of (a) 67% or more of the Shares present at such meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund are
present or represented by proxy; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund, whichever is less. As fundamental policies,
the Fund may not:
|
• |
The Fund is focused on
investing in Real Estate-Related Investments (as defined below) and will not invest in any industries other than the group of real estate
investment and management industries. |
|
• |
Borrow money, except
to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), which currently
limits borrowing to no more than 33-1/3% of the value of the Fund’s total assets. The interest on borrowings will be at prevailing
market rates, to the extent the Fund borrows. The Fund’s use of leverage involves risk of loss. |
|
• |
Engage in short sales, purchases
on margin or the writing of put and call options. |
|
• |
Issue senior securities
(including preferred shares of beneficial interest), except to the extent permitted under the Investment Company Act (which currently
limits the issuance of a class of senior securities that is indebtedness to no more than 33-1/3% of the value of the Fund’s total
assets or, if the class of senior security is stock, to no more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets). |
|
• |
Underwrite securities
of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), in connection with the disposition of its portfolio securities. |
|
• |
Make loans, except through
purchasing fixed-income securities, lending portfolio securities or entering into repurchase agreements in a manner consistent with the
Fund’s investment policies or as otherwise permitted under the Investment Company Act. To the extent the Fund engages in loan activity,
it exposes its assets to a risk of loss. |
|
• |
Purchase, hold or deal
in real estate, except that the Fund may invest in securities that are secured by real estate, or securities issued by companies that
invest or deal in real estate, real estate mortgage loans or “REITs. This exposes the Fund to the general risks of investing in
real estate and the risks of investing in real estate debt and real estate-related debt securities. |
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|
• |
Invest in physical commodities
or commodity contracts, except that the Fund may purchase and sell commodity index-linked derivative instruments, such as commodity swap
agreements, commodity options, futures and options on futures and structured notes, that provide exposure to the investment returns of
the commodities markets, including foreign currency markets. This exposes the Fund to the risks associated with hedging strategies and
currency and exchange rates. |
|
• |
Invest more than 25%
of the value of its total assets in the securities of any single issuer or of any group of issuers, controlled by the Fund, that are engaged
in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, except that U.S. Government securities may be purchased without limitation. For
purposes of this investment restriction, the Private Funds (as defined below) in which the Fund will seek to invest are not considered
part of an industry. The Fund may invest in Private Funds that may concentrate their assets in one or more industries and the Fund may
invest at least 80% of its assets in Real Estate-Related Investments. |
|
• |
Invest in securities
of other investment companies, except to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act. |
The
Fund’s investment objectives are fundamental and may not be changed without the vote of a majority (as defined by the Investment
Company Act) of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities. The Fund has also adopted a fundamental policy that it will make quarterly
repurchase offers for no less than 5% of its shares outstanding at NAV (as defined below), unless suspended or postponed in accordance
with regulatory requirements, and that each quarterly repurchase pricing shall occur on the Repurchase Pricing Date (as defined below).
This amount may be adjusted by the Board at any time to an amount no less than 5% nor more than 25% of the outstanding Shares.
As
part of the Fund’s fundamental policies, under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus
the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Real Estate-Related Investments.
Certain
Portfolio Securities and Other Operating Policies
The
Fund’s primary investment objective is to seek consistent current income, while the Fund’s secondary objectives are capital
preservation and long-term capital appreciation. The Fund’s ability to achieve current income and/or long-term capital appreciation
will be tempered by the investment objective of capital preservation.
The
Fund pursues its investment objectives primarily by investing in (i) investments in third party private funds that themselves invest in
real estate and in debt investments secured by real estate (collectively, the “Private Funds”); and (ii) domestic and international
publicly traded real estate securities, such as common and preferred stock of publicly listed REITs and publicly traded real estate debt
securities (“Real Estate Securities” and together with the Private Funds, “Real Estate-Related Investments”).
Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment
purposes, in Real Estate-Related Investments.
Private
Funds
The
Private Funds take in funds on a continuous basis, typically undertake quarterly repurchases and typically do not have a defined termination
date. A Private Fund’s portfolio may be structured to invest in the equity or debt of core, core-plus or value added real estate
assets. This may include investment properties in various geographic markets (domestic and foreign) and property types (retail, office,
multi-family, industrial, and other). The Fund may also seek exposure to Private Funds focused on certain specialty property types (e.g.,
data centers, self-storage, seniors housing) and debt investments in respect of certain other property types with strong credit characteristics.
With respect to equity real estate investments, the Private Funds will generally hold investments in fee-simple, directly or through one
or more special purpose title-holding entities. They may also utilize other ownership structures, such as leasehold interests and joint
ventures. With respect to real estate debt investments, the Private Funds may acquire commercial real estate loans both by directly originating
the loans and by purchasing them from third party sellers. When investing in such securities, the Managers of the Private Funds may evaluate
credit quality, collateralization levels, duration, property type, property class and location among numerous other aspects of the securities
features to determine its investment qualities.
In
addition to diversification across property type and geographic markets, Private Funds may diversify by differing underlying economic
drivers, including anticipated job growth, population growth or inflation. No specific limits have been established within the Fund’s
investment guidelines for property type and geographic investments; however, some of the Private Funds have net asset value (“NAV”)
limitations for any one individual property held by
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such
Private Fund relative to the NAV of the Private Fund’s overall portfolio. While some Private Fund managers will seek diversification
across property types, certain Private Funds may have a more specific focus and may not seek such diversification, but instead use an
investment strategy based on expertise within specific or multiple property categories.
The
Private Funds may use leverage as a way to seek or enhance returns. Dependent upon the investment strategy, geographic focus, and/or other
economic or property specific factors, each Private Fund will have differing leverage limitations. Such limitations are specific to each
Private Fund and may apply to an overall portfolio limitation as well as a property specific limitation. The Private Funds that focus
on debt investments may utilize managing match-funded, flexible term debt facilities and securitization vehicles or other financing alternatives
available through capital markets.
To
the extent the Fund holds non-voting securities of, or contractually foregoes the right to vote in respect of, a Private Fund (which it
intends to do in certain circumstances in order to avoid being considered an “affiliated person” of a Private Fund within
the meaning of the Investment Company Act), it will not be able to vote on matters that require the approval of the investors of the Private
Fund, including matters that could adversely affect the Fund’s investment, such as changes to the Private Fund’s investment
objective or policies or the termination of the Private Fund. If the Fund’s ability to vote is limited, its ability to influence
matters being voted on will be reduced relative to other investors (which may include other investment funds or accounts managed by the
Adviser). See “Risk Factors – Private Funds Risk” in the Prospectus. Where
a separate non-voting security class is not available, the Fund would seek to create by contract the same result as owning a non-voting
security class through a written agreement between the Fund and the Private Fund in which the Fund irrevocably foregoes the right to vote.
The absence of voting rights potentially could have an adverse impact on the Fund.
Real
Estate Debt Securities
The
Fund will invest in real estate debt securities directly and indirectly through Private Funds. These real estate debt investments may
include a variety of commercial real estate loans, including senior mortgage loans, subordinated or junior mortgage loans, mezzanine loans,
and participations in such loans, as well as commercial real estate-related debt securities, such as commercial mortgage-backed securities
(“CMBS”) and REIT senior unsecured debt. The Fund may be exposed to a variety of security types, property types, and geographic
locations, and maturity dates.
Private
Funds may acquire commercial real estate loans both by directly originating the loans and by purchasing them from third party sellers.
They may also invest in commercial real estate-related debt securities such as CMBS, unsecured debt issued by REITs, and interests in
other securitized vehicles that own real estate-related debt. When investing in such securities, the Managers of the Private Funds may
evaluate credit quality, collateralization levels, duration, property type, property class and location among numerous other aspects of
the securities features to determine its investment qualities. The Private Funds may utilize leverage as a way to seek to enhance their
returns. The Private Funds may utilize managing match-funded, flexible term debt facilities and securitization vehicles or other financing
alternatives available through capital markets.
Real
Estate Equity Securities
The
Fund’s investment portfolio may include long positions in real estate-related common stocks and preferred stocks, including REIT
common and REIT preferred shares. The Fund may focus on companies that target investments within specific property types, countries
or regions. The Fund also may invest in depositary receipts relating to foreign securities. See “– Foreign Securities”
below. Equity securities fluctuate in value in response to many factors, including the activities and financial condition of individual
companies, the business market in which individual companies compete and general market and economic conditions.
The
Fund generally may invest in equity securities without restriction as to market capitalization, such as those issued by smaller capitalization
companies, including micro-cap companies. The prices of the securities of some of these smaller companies may be subject to more abrupt
or erratic market movements than larger, more established companies, because they typically are traded in lower volume and the issuers
typically are more subject to changes in earnings and prospects. The Fund may purchase securities in all available securities trading
markets, including initial public offerings and the aftermarket.
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The
Fund’s investments in equity securities may include securities that are listed on securities exchanges as well as unlisted securities
that are traded over-the-counter. Equity securities of companies traded over-the-counter may not be traded in the volumes typically found
on a national securities exchange. Consequently, the Fund may be required to dispose of such securities over a longer (and potentially
less favorable) period of time than is required to dispose of the securities of listed companies.
Foreign
Securities
The
Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers and in depositary receipts, such as American Depositary Receipts and American Depositary
Shares (collectively, “ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts and Global Depositary Shares (“GDRs”) and other forms
of depositary receipts. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a United States bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying
securities issued by a foreign corporation. GDRs are receipts issued outside the United States typically by non-United States banks and
trust companies that evidence ownership of either foreign or domestic securities. Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for
use in the United States securities markets and GDRs in bearer form are designed for use outside the United States.
These
securities may be purchased through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established
jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and a depositary. A depositary may establish an unsponsored facility without participation
by the issuer of the deposited security. Holders of unsponsored depositary receipts generally bear all the costs of such facilities, and
the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the
issuer of the deposited security or to pass through voting rights to the holders of such receipts in respect of the deposited securities.
Securities
of some foreign issuers are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. issuers. Similarly, volume and liquidity
in most foreign securities markets are less than in the United States and, at times, volatility of price can be greater than in the United
States. Transaction costs of investing in foreign securities markets are generally higher than in the United States.
Because
evidences of ownership of such securities usually are held outside the United States, the Fund will be subject to additional risks which
include possible adverse political and economic developments, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits or adoption of governmental
restrictions which might adversely affect or restrict the payment of principal and interest on the foreign securities to investors located
outside the country of the issuer, whether from currency blockage or otherwise.
Since
foreign securities often are purchased with and payable in currencies of foreign countries, the value of these assets as measured in U.S.
dollars may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in currency rates and exchange control regulations.
ADRs
are receipts typically issued by a United States bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign
corporation.
Foreign
securities in which the Fund may invest may be listed on foreign securities exchanges or traded in foreign over-the-counter markets or
may be purchased in private placements and not be publicly-traded. Investments in foreign securities are affected by risk factors generally
not thought to be present in the United States. Some of these factors are listed in the Prospectus under “Risk Factors – Foreign
Investing Risk.”
The
Fund may hedge against foreign currency risks, including the risk of changing currency exchange rates, which could reduce the value of
certain of the Fund’s foreign currency denominated portfolio securities irrespective of the underlying investment. The Private Funds
may enter into forward currency exchange contracts (“forward contracts”) for hedging purposes and non-hedging purposes to
pursue its investment objective. Forward contracts are transactions involving a Private Fund’s obligation to purchase or sell a
specific currency at a future date at a specified price. Forward contracts may be used by the Fund for hedging purposes to protect against
uncertainty in the level of future foreign currency exchange rates, such as when the Fund anticipates purchasing or selling a foreign
security. This technique would allow the Fund to “lock in” the U.S. dollar price of the security. Forward contracts also may
be used to attempt to protect the value of a Private Fund’s existing holdings of foreign securities. There may be, however, imperfect
correlation between a Private Fund’s foreign securities holdings and the forward contracts entered into with respect to such holdings.
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Foreign
Currency Transactions
A
Manager may engage in foreign currency transactions to hedge the U.S. dollar value of the investments and distributions of the Private
Funds or other investments, particularly if it expects a decrease in the value of the currency in which the foreign investment is denominated.
Foreign
currency transactions may involve, for example, the Manager’s purchase of foreign currencies for U.S. dollars or the maintenance
of short positions in foreign currencies, which would involve the Fund agreeing to exchange an amount of a currency it did not currently
own for another currency at a future date in anticipation of a decline in the value of the currency sold relative to the currency the
Fund contracted to receive in the exchange. The Fund’s success in these transactions will depend principally on its ability to predict
accurately the future exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar.
Other
Investment Companies
The
Fund may invest in securities of other open-end, closed-end or unit investment trust investment companies, including exchange-traded
funds (ETFs), to the extent that such investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies and permissible
under the Investment Company Act and related rules or interpretations of the SEC. Investing in investment companies involves substantially
the same risks as investing directly in the underlying instruments, but also involves expenses at the investment company-level, such as
portfolio management fees and operating expenses. These expenses are in addition to the fees and expenses of the Fund itself, which may
lead to duplication of expenses while the Fund owns another investment company’s shares. In addition, investing in investment companies
involves the risk that they will not perform in exactly the same manner, or in response to the same factors, as the underlying instruments
or index. Regulatory changes could reduce the Fund’s flexibility to make investments in other investment companies.
Money
Market Instruments
The
Fund may invest, for defensive purposes or otherwise, some or all of its assets in high quality fixed-income securities, money market
instruments, and money market mutual funds, or hold cash or cash equivalents in such amounts as the Fund or the Sub-Adviser deems appropriate
under the circumstances. Money market instruments are high quality, short-term fixed-income obligations, which generally have remaining
maturities of one year or less, and may include U.S. Government securities, commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers’
acceptances issued by domestic branches of U.S. banks that are members of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and repurchase agreements.
Second
Liens and Subordinated Loans
The
Fund may invest in secured subordinated loans, including second and lower lien loans. Second lien loans are generally second in line in
terms of repayment priority. A second lien loan may have a claim on the same collateral pool as the first lien or it may be secured by
a separate set of assets. Second lien loans generally give investors priority over general unsecured creditors in the event of an asset
sale. The priority of the collateral claims of third or lower lien loans ranks below holders of second lien loans and so on. Such junior
loans are subject to the same general risks inherent to any loan investment, including credit risk, market and liquidity risk, and interest
rate risk. Due to their lower place in the borrower’s capital structure and possible unsecured or partially secured status, such
loans involve a higher degree of overall risk than senior loans of the same borrower. In addition, the rights the Fund may have with respect
to the collateral securing the loans the Fund makes to borrowers with senior debt outstanding may also be limited pursuant to the terms
of one or more intercreditor agreements that the Fund may enter into with the holders of such senior debt. Under a typical intercreditor
agreement, at any time that obligations that have the benefit of the first priority liens are outstanding, any of the following actions
that may be taken in respect of the collateral will be at the direction of the holders of the obligations secured by the first priority
liens: (i) the ability to cause the commencement of enforcement proceedings against the collateral; (ii) the ability to control the conduct
of such proceedings; (iii) the approval of amendments to collateral documents; (iv) releases of liens on the collateral; and (v) waivers
of past defaults under collateral documents. The Fund may not have the ability to control or direct such actions, even if the Fund rights
are adversely affected.
Unsecured
Loans
The
Fund may make unsecured loans to borrowers, meaning that such loans will not benefit from any interest in collateral of such borrowers.
Liens on such a borrower’s collateral, if any, will secure the borrower’s obligations under
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its
outstanding secured debt and may secure certain future debt that is permitted to be incurred by the borrower under its secured loan agreements.
The holders of obligations secured by such liens will generally control the liquidation of, and be entitled to receive proceeds from,
any realization of such collateral to repay their obligations in full before the Fund. In addition, the value of such collateral in the
event of liquidation will depend on market and economic conditions, the availability of buyers and other factors. There can be no assurance
that the proceeds, if any, from sales of such collateral would be sufficient to satisfy the Fund’s unsecured loan obligations after
payment in full of all secured loan obligations. If such proceeds were not sufficient to repay the outstanding secured loan obligations,
then the Fund’s unsecured claims would rank equally with the unpaid portion of such secured creditors’ claims against the
borrower’s remaining assets, if any.
Loan
Origination
In
addition to investing in loans, loan assignments, and participations, from time to time the Fund may originate loans, including loans
in the form of whole loans, secured and unsecured notes, senior and second lien loans, mezzanine loans, bridge loans, and similar investments.
The Fund may originate loans to corporations and other legal entities and individuals, including borrowers with credit ratings determined
to be below investment grade. After origination, the Fund may offer such investments for sale to third parties; however, there is no assurance
that the Fund will complete the sale of any such an investment. If the Fund is unable to sell, assign, or successfully close transactions
for the loans that it originates, the Fund will be forced to hold its interest in such loans for an indeterminate period of time. This
could result in the Fund’s investment being concentrated in certain borrowers. The Fund’s investment in or origination of
loans may be limited by the requirements the Fund intends to observe under Subchapter M of the Code in order to qualify as a RIC. The
Fund will be responsible for the fees and expenses associated with originating a loan (whether or not consummated). This may include significant
legal and due diligence expenses, which will be borne by the Fund and indirectly borne by the shareholders. Loan origination subjects
the Fund to risks associated with debt instruments more generally, including credit risk, prepayment risk, valuation risk, and interest
rate risk.
Loan
originators are subject to certain state law licensing and regulatory requirements and loan origination and servicing companies are routinely
involved in legal proceedings concerning matters that arise in the ordinary course of their business. In addition, a number of participants
in the loan origination and servicing industry (including control persons of industry participants) have been the subject of regulatory
actions by state regulators, including state Attorneys General, and by the federal government. Governmental investigations, examinations,
regulatory actions, or private lawsuits may adversely affect such companies’ financial results. To the extent the Fund engages in
loan origination and/or servicing, the Fund will be subject to enhanced risks of litigation, regulatory actions, and other proceedings.
As a result, the Fund may be required to pay legal fees, settlement costs, damages, penalties, or other charges, any or all of which could
materially adversely affect the Fund and its holdings.
Directors
The
Board has overall responsibility to manage and control the business affairs of the Fund, including the complete and exclusive authority
to oversee and to establish policies regarding the management, conduct and operation of the Fund’s business. The Board exercises
the same powers, authority and responsibilities on behalf of the Fund as are customarily exercised by the board of directors of a registered
investment company.
Board’s
Oversight Role in Management
The
Board’s role in management of the Fund is oversight. The Adviser has primary responsibility for the day-to-day management of the
Fund, which includes responsibility for risk management (including management of investment performance and investment risk, valuation
risk, issuer and counterparty credit risk, compliance risk and operational risk). As part of its oversight, the Board, acting at its scheduled
meetings, or the Chairman of the Board, acting between Board meetings, regularly interacts with, and receives risk management reports
from, senior personnel of the Adviser, including senior managerial and financial officers of the Adviser, the Fund’s and the Adviser’s
Chief Compliance Officer, and portfolio management personnel. The Board’s Audit Committee (which consists of all of the Independent
Directors) holds regularly scheduled meetings, and between meetings the Audit Committee chair receives updates from the Fund’s independent
registered public accounting firm and the Adviser’s senior personnel. The Board receives periodic presentations from senior personnel
of the Adviser regarding risk management, as well as periodic presentations regarding specific operational, compliance or investment risk
areas such as business continuity, anti-money laundering, personal trading, valuation and investment research. The Board also receives
reports from counsel
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to
the Fund or counsel to the Adviser regarding regulatory compliance and governance matters. The Board will also review any proposals associated
with the Adviser entering into sub-advisory relationships with Sub-Advisers. Such relationships may only be entered into upon Board approval
and upon the approval of a majority (as defined under the Investment Company Act) of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities pursuant
to the Investment Company Act. The Board’s oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Fund’s investments or
activities.
Board
Composition and Leadership Structure
The
Investment Company Act requires that at least 40% of the Fund’s directors not be “interested persons,” as defined in
the Investment Company Act, of the Fund, the Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, Foreside Funds Distributors LLC (the “Distributor”),
or any affiliate of the foregoing (such directors, the “Independent Directors”). For certain matters, such as the approval
of investment advisory agreements or permitted transactions with affiliates, the Investment Company Act and/or the rules thereunder require
the approval of a majority of the Independent Directors. As of the date of this SAI, five (5) of the Fund’s six (6) directors are
Independent Directors. Independent Directors have been designated to chair the Audit Committee, Valuation Committee and the Nominating
and Governance Committee. The Board has designated a Lead Independent Director to take the lead in addressing with management matters
or issues of concern to the Board. In light of the Board’s size and structure, and the cooperative working relationship among the
Directors, the Board has determined that it is appropriate to have an Interested Director serve as Chairman of the Board.
The
address, year of birth, and descriptions of their principal occupations during the past five years are listed below for each director
of the Fund. The Fund has divided the directors into two groups: Independent Directors and directors who are “interested persons,”
as defined in the Investment Company Act (the “Interested Directors”):
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Independent
Directors |
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Robert
F. Doherty; 1964 |
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Independent
Director |
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Since
March 2019 |
|
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Chief
Financial Officer of Sustainable Living Partners (Venture Capital & Private Equity) (2018 – present); and Partner of Renova
Capital Partners (Venture Capital & Private Equity) (2010 – present). |
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3 |
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None
|
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Jeffry
A. Jones;
1959 |
|
|
Independent
Director |
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Since
inception |
|
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Principal
of SmithJones (Real Estate) (2008 – present). |
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3 |
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None
|
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|
Richard
J. McCready;
1958 |
|
|
Lead
Independent Director |
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Lead
Independent Director (since March 2020); Independent Director since inception |
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President
of The Davis Companies (Real Estate) (2014 – 2022). |
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3 |
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None
|
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|
Paul
E. Sveen;
1961 |
|
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Independent
Director |
|
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Since
inception |
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|
Chief
Financial Officer of Paytient Technologies (Healthcare Technology) (October 2024 – present); Beam Technologies (Insurtech)
(February 2020 – September 2024); and Chief Financial Officer of Paypal’s merchant lending platform (2018 –
2020). |
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3 |
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None
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OF CONTENTS
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Susan
K. Wold;
1960 |
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Independent
Director |
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Since
August 2022 |
|
|
Senior
Vice President, Global Ombudsman and Head of North American Compliance of Janus Henderson Investors (2017-2020); Vice President, Chief
Compliance Officer and Anti Money Laundering Officer for Janus Investment Fund, Janus Aspen Series, Janus Detroit Street Trust, and Clayton
Street Trust (2017-2020). |
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3 |
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None
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Interested
Director |
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Casey
Frazier;
1977 |
|
|
Chair
of the Board; Director; Chief Investment Officer |
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|
Chair
of the Board (since August 2022); Director and Chief Investment Officer since inception |
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Chief
Investment Officer of the Adviser (2011 – present); Chief Investment Officer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund (2023
– present); and Chief Investment Officer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (2017 – present). |
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3 |
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None |
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(1)
|
The address of each member
of the Board is: c/o Versus Capital Real Estate Fund LLC, 5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80237. |
|
(2)
|
Each Director will serve
for the duration of the Fund, or until his death, resignation, termination, removal or retirement. |
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(3)
|
The term “Fund Complex”
as used herein includes the Fund, Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC and Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund. |
Additional
information about each director follows (supplementing the information provided in the table above) that describes certain specific experiences,
qualifications, attributes or skills that each director possesses and that the Board believes has prepared them to be effective directors.
Independent
Directors
Robert
F. Doherty co-founded Renova Capital Partners, a private equity company focusing
on renewable and sustainable investments, in 2010 and has served as the Chief Financial Officer of Sustainable Living Partners since 2018.
Prior to founding Renova, Mr. Doherty held the post of Managing Director and Deputy Head of Municipal and Infrastructure Finance
at JP Morgan, where he directed the investment banking services to state and local government, water, energy, transport, housing, healthcare,
and higher education clients. He also served as the co-head of UBS/Paine’s Webber National Infrastructure Group. He was a Managing
Director in Merrill Lynch’s alternative investment, private equity and municipal finance groups. From 2013-2018, Mr. Doherty
served as Chief Financial Officer for Ensyn Corporation, one of Renova’s joint venture partners. One of Renova’s initial investments
was Main Street Power Company, Inc., a commercial solar developer and owner/operator of solar assets in the U.S. Mr. Doherty served
on the Board of Directors of Main Street Power prior to its sale to AES Corporation in 2015. He also serves on the management committee
for Sustainable Living Partners. Mr. Doherty has a Bachelor of Science degree in Foreign Services from Georgetown University
Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business
Chicago.
Jeffry
A. Jones has over 35 years of real estate investment experience in multiple real
estate product types in markets throughout the U.S. Mr. Jones is currently a Principal at SmithJones Partners. Mr. Jones was
President and Executive Director of Ameriton Properties Inc. (“Ameriton”), as well as Executive Vice President of Archstone-Smith
in Denver, Colorado from 2000 to November of 2007, where he had overall investment, management and asset
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management
responsibility for more than $2.3 billion of apartment investments. Prior to joining Ameriton, Mr. Jones was Senior Vice President
with Archstone-Smith in Austin, Texas where he was responsible for Archstone’s multifamily acquisition and development activities
throughout the central U.S. From 1995 to 1999, Mr. Jones was Senior Vice President of Homestead Village Inc. (“Homestead”),
where he directed acquisition and development activities for its limited service extended-stay hotel product throughout the central part
of the U.S. Prior to Homestead, Mr. Jones held development or investment positions with Sentre Partners, Stark Companies International,
Maclachlan Investment Company and Trammell Crow Company. Mr. Jones received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Stanford
University.
Richard
J. McCready has been involved in commercial real estate investment and finance
for over 30 years, gaining experience in capital markets, raising debt and equity capital, innovative transaction structuring, organization
building, asset/risk management and value creation in a variety of real estate-related businesses. Mr. McCready retired in December 2022
from his full-time role as President of The Davis Companies, a Boston-based commercial real estate investment, development and management
company, where he was responsible for firm-wide strategy and oversaw day-to-day management of all aspects of the firm’s investment
and asset management functions and operations. Prior to joining The Davis Companies, Mr. McCready was the Chief Operating Officer
and Executive Vice President of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp (NYSE: NRF), formerly a publicly-traded commercial real estate finance company
with over $10 billion in assets under management, prior to the company’s merger with Colony Capital. He served as the President,
Chief Operating Officer and Director of NRF’s predecessor company, NorthStar Capital Investment Corp., a private equity fund business
specializing in opportunistic investments in real estate assets and operating companies, where he spearheaded and managed the IPO spin-off
of NRF. Prior to NorthStar, Mr. McCready served as the President, Chief Operating Officer and Director of Winthrop Financial Associates.
From 1984 to 1990, he practiced law at Mintz Levin in Boston. In addition, Mr. McCready has served on numerous real estate company
boards and has a broad knowledge of multiple real estate property types and strategies. Mr. McCready is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate
of The University of New Hampshire and received his law degree, magna cum laude, from Boston College Law School.
Paul
E. Sveen has over 35 years of experience in financial services across investment
banking, structured finance, real estate investments, mortgage lending/servicing and small business lending. Since October 2024,
Mr. Sveen has been CFO of Paytient Technologies. Paytient is a healthcare technology company on a mission to help people better access
and afford care. Paytient partners with employers & insurers and provides affordability solutions for out-of-pocket healthcare expenses.
The Company’s core service is a Health Payment Account (HPA), that members use to more easily access and afford medical, dental,
vision, veterinary and pharmaceutical care. Previously, Mr. Sveen has served as CFO of Beam Technologies Inc., a Columbus-based insurtech
company that is seeking to blend innovative technology with traditional insurance policies to bring a differentiated value proposition
to the employee benefits market and disrupt the traditional dental insurance market. He also was engaged in the fintech lending arena
as CFO of Swift Financial, a leading alternative technology-enabled small business lender, which was acquired by PayPal in September 2017.
After the merger, he was CFO of PayPal’s merchant lending platform, where he focused on developing strategies to drive growth through
strategic partnerships and a broader use of financial capital markets. Prior to Swift, Mr. Sveen spent a decade focused in the real
estate investment sector, leading several businesses providing mortgage lending, default services and rental home investment opportunities.
From 2013-2016, he served as Managing Partner of Pantelan Real Estate Services LLC. Pantelan, whose clients included institutional investors
such as private equity firms and hedge funds, invested in single family residential portfolios and provided a suite of services to support
the residential asset class across all phases of the investment life cycle. For two years prior, Mr. Sveen served as CEO and Chief
Restructuring Officer for Integrated Asset Services, a mortgage default services provider. Since 2007, Mr. Sveen had been engaged
by several private equity firms to advise on existing portfolio investments, and to lead the evaluation of investments in several new
business ventures in the mortgage, structured finance and real estate industries. He has also worked extensively with banks on capital
and liquidity enhancement initiatives, negotiating facility terminations, assignments, restructurings and sales. Mr. Sveen is a 19-year
veteran of Lehman Brothers, where he was integral in building the structured finance business into one of Wall Street’s leading
securitization franchises. While a Managing Director at Lehman, he led several groups including asset-backed finance, principal finance,
asset-backed commercial paper and structured finance client solutions. In 2004, Mr. Sveen was appointed CAO of Aurora Loan Services,
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lehman Brothers and one of the leading Alt-A mortgage originators and servicers in the US at that time. Mr. Sveen
holds a BA in Economics from St. Lawrence University and attended The University of Oslo, Norway.
Susan K.
Wold has over 30 years of experience in financial services with broad expertise
in global securities regulations, corporate governance and ethics, third party oversight, and mutual funds, exchange traded funds and
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private
fund formation and oversight. Ms. Wold leverages her years in the asset management industry to navigate governance, regulation
and risk, set strategic direction and enhance revenue growth. She was formerly the Senior Vice President, Global Ombudsman, Head
of North American Compliance and interim Head of Risk for Janus Henderson Investors (2017-2020). She was also Vice President, Chief Compliance
Officer and Anti Money Laundering Officer for Janus Investment Fund, Janus Aspen Series, Janus Detroit Street Trust and Clayton Street
Trust (2017-2020). Prior to that, Ms. Wold was Vice President and Head of Global Corporate Compliance and Chief Compliance Officer
of Janus Capital Management LLC and Vice President of Compliance for Janus Capital Group and Janus Capital Management LLC (2005-2017).
Prior to Janus Capital Group, Ms. Wold held a variety of positions in the asset management industry including Vice President, Deputy
General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer for National Planning Holdings (2003-2005). Ms. Wold was also Vice President and
Group Counsel for American Express and American Express Financial Advisers (1993-2003). Ms. Wold started her career in private practice
with a Minneapolis/St. Paul law firm and focused on advising both private and public businesses and business litigation. Ms. Wold
holds a Juris Doctor from the University of Minnesota Sturm College of Law, a Business Administration degree from Colorado College and
a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Workplace certificate from the University of South Florida MUMA College of Business. Ms. Wold’s
key board skills include strategic planning; corporate governance and regulatory issues; risk management; senior leadership experience;
and mergers and acquisitions.
Interested
Director
Casey
Frazier joined the Adviser as the Chief Investment Officer in 2011. Previously,
Mr. Frazier was a Senior Vice President of NRF Capital Markets LLC from 2010 to 2011, where he was responsible for product development
and due diligence for the firm including helping to develop products to be sold in the retail broker-dealer channel, managing the due
diligence process for existing products and overseeing the marketing efforts of the firm. Prior to that Mr. Frazier acted as the
Chief Investment Officer for Welton Street Investments, LLC and Welton Street Advisors LLC from 2005 to 2010. In this capacity he reviewed
and monitored all prospective securities offerings and investments. This included the review of over $7 billion in private real estate
transactions. From 2004 to 2005 he was an Assistant Vice President, Asset Management of Curian Capital LLC (“Curian”), a registered
investment adviser. In this capacity, Mr. Frazier helped supervise the asset allocation and money manager selection for Curian’s
turnkey asset management program. Mr. Frazier helped develop over 300 multi-disciplinary account portfolios. During his tenure he
helped the firm grow assets from $200 million to over $1 billion. Previously, Mr. Frazier managed the due diligence process
for the National Planning Holdings’ (“NPH”) broker/dealer network from 2003 to 2004. NPH is an organization with four
separate broker dealers and over 3,000 registered representatives. This process included analyzing all potential investments to be sold
within the broker dealer network including; mutual funds, variable annuities, private placements, REITs, hedge funds and derivative products.
Mr. Frazier received a Bachelor of Arts degree in American Political Economy from The Colorado College, and has earned the CFA (Chartered
Financial Analyst) designation. The Board is aided by Mr. Frazier’s strong investment management skills.
Board
Participation and Committees
The
Board believes that each director’s experience, qualifications, attributes and skills give each director the ability to critically
review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and to interact effectively with Fund management, service providers
and counsel, in order to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties. The charter for the Board’s Nominating
and Governance Committee contains factors considered by the Nominating and Governance Committee in identifying and evaluating potential
Board member nominees. To assist them in evaluating matters under federal and state law, the directors may benefit from information provided
by counsel to the Independent Directors or counsel to the Fund; both Board and Fund counsel have significant experience advising funds
and fund board members. The Board and its committees have the ability to engage other experts as appropriate. The Board evaluates its
performance on an annual basis.
Each
director serves on the Board for the duration of the Fund, or until his death, resignation, termination, removal or retirement. A director’s
position in that capacity will terminate if such director is removed, resigns or is subject to various disabling events such as death
or incapacity. A director may resign upon 90 days’ prior written notice to the other directors, subject to waiver of notice, and
may be removed either by vote of two-thirds of the directors not subject to the removal vote or vote of the shareholders holding not less
than two-thirds of the total number of votes eligible to be cast by all shareholders. In the event of any vacancy in the position of a
director, the remaining directors may appoint an individual to serve as a director, so long as immediately after such appointment at least
two-thirds of the directors then serving would have been elected by the shareholders. The directors may call a meeting of shareholders
to fill any vacancy in the position of a director, and must do so within 60 days after any date on which directors who were elected
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by
the shareholders cease to constitute a majority of the directors then serving. If no director remains to manage the business of the Fund,
the Adviser may manage and control the Fund, but must convene a meeting of shareholders within 60 days for the purpose of either electing
new directors or dissolving the Fund.
The
Chairman of the Board is Mr. Frazier. The standing committees of the Board include the Audit Committee, Nominating and Governance
Committee, Investment Committee, and Valuation Committee.
The
current members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Doherty, Mr. McCready, Mr. Jones Mr. Sveen and Ms. Wold, each
of whom is an Independent Director. The current Chairman of the Audit Committee is Mr. Doherty. The purpose of the Audit Committee,
pursuant to its adopted written charter, is to (1) oversee the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting processes, the audits of
the Fund’s financial statements and the Fund’s internal controls over, among other things, financial reporting and disclosure
controls and procedures, (2) oversee or assist in Board oversight of the integrity of the Fund’s financial statements and the Fund’s
compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and (3) approve prior to appointment the engagement of the Fund’s independent
registered public accounting firm and review the independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence
and the performance of the independent registered public accounting firm. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, the Audit
Committee met two times.
The
current members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are Mr. Doherty, Mr. McCready, Mr. Jones, Mr. Sveen and
Ms. Wold, each of whom is an Independent Director. The current Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee is Mr. Sveen.
The purpose of the Nominating and Governance Committee, pursuant to its adopted written charter, is to (1) evaluate the suitability of
potential candidates for election or appointment to the Board and recommend candidates for nomination; (2) recommend the appointment of
members and chairs of each Board committee; (3) develop and recommend to the Board a set of corporate nominating principles applicable
to the Fund and monitor corporate nominating matters; and (4) oversee periodic evaluations of the Board and its committees. The Nominating
and Governance Committee reviews nominations of potential Directors made by Fund management and by Fund shareholders, which includes all
information relating to the recommended nominees that is required to be disclosed in solicitations or proxy statements for the election
of directors, including without limitation the biographical information and the qualifications of the proposed nominees. The Nominating
and Governance Committee will consider nominations as it deems appropriate after taking into account, among other things, the factors
listed in the charter. Information must be provided regarding the recommended nominee as reasonably requested by the Nominating and Governance
Committee. The Nominating and Governance Committee meets as is necessary or appropriate. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024,
the Nominating and Governance Committee met two times.
The
Investment Committee is comprised of all of the Directors, the majority of which are Independent Directors. The current Chairman of the
Investment Committee is Mr. Frazier. The purpose of the Investment Committee, pursuant to its adopted written charter, is to (1)
oversee the Adviser’s determination of, implementation of, and ongoing monitoring of investment strategies and objectives of the
Fund, which include the Adviser’s process for the selection and ongoing due diligence of Private Funds, Sub-Advisers, and other
direct investments of the Fund; and (2) review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the initial approval and periodic renewal
of advisory contracts between the Fund, the Adviser and the Sub-Advisers, as required by Section 15 of the Investment Company Act.
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, the Investment Committee met four times.
The
Valuation Committee is comprised of all of the Directors, the majority of which are Independent Directors. The current Chairman of the
Valuation Committee is Mr. Jones. The purpose of the Valuation Committee, pursuant to its adopted written charter, is to oversee
the development of Fund policies and procedures and the Adviser’s implementation of those policies and procedures, for the calculation
of the Fund’s NAV. The Valuation Committee reviews and oversees the policies and reporting of the underlying asset values of the
Private Funds, as well as the portion of the Fund’s assets that are sub-advised by Sub-Advisers and invested directly by the Adviser,
including through the Private Funds. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, the Valuation Committee met four times.
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Officers
The
address, year of birth, and a description of principal occupations during the past five years are listed below for each officer of the
Fund.
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark
D. Quam;
1970 |
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer |
|
|
Since
inception |
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer of the Adviser (2010 to present); Chief Executive Officer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund (2023 to present);
and Chief Executive Officer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (2017 to present). |
|
|
|
William
R. Fuhs, Jr.;
1968 |
|
|
President |
|
|
Since
inception |
|
|
President
of the Adviser (2010 to present); President of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund (2023 to present); and President of Versus Capital
Real Assets Fund LLC (2017 to present). |
|
|
|
Casey
Frazier;
1977 |
|
|
Chief
Investment Officer |
|
|
Since
inception |
|
|
Chief
Investment Officer of the Adviser (2011 to present); Chief Investment Officer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund (2023 to present);
and Chief Investment Officer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (2017 to present). |
|
|
|
Dave
Truex;
1983 |
|
|
Deputy
Chief Investment Officer |
|
|
Since
November 2021 |
|
|
Deputy
Chief Investment Officer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (November 2021 to December 2024); Deputy Chief Investment Officer
of the Adviser (2017 to present). |
|
|
|
Brian
Petersen;
1970 |
|
|
Chief
Financial Officer, Treasurer |
|
|
Since
August 2019 |
|
|
Chief
Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Adviser (January 2022 to present); Managing Director, Fund Financial Operations of
the Adviser (July 2019 to December 2021); Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund
(2023 to present); and Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (August 2019 to present). |
|
|
|
Dustin
C. Rose;
1983 |
|
|
Assistant
Treasurer |
|
|
Since
November 2021 |
|
|
Director
of Fund Financial Operations of the Adviser (2020 to present); Assistant Treasurer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund (2023
to present); Assistant Treasurer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (November 2021 to Present); and Assistant Vice President
of OFI Global Asset Management, Inc. (2016 to 2020). |
|
|
|
Kelly
McEwen;
1984 |
|
|
Assistant
Treasurer |
|
|
Since
November 2022 |
|
|
Director,
Fund Financial Operations of the Adviser (January 2022 to present); Assistant Treasurer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund (2023
to present); Assistant Treasurer of Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (November 2022 to present); Vice President of SS&C ALPS
and Treasurer/Principal Financial Officer of various investment companies (April 2020 to May 2021); Fund Controller of SS&C
ALPS (August 2019 to May 2021); and Assistant Vice President of OFI Global Asset Management, Inc. (2015 to August 2019).
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
Jillian
Varner; 1990 |
|
|
Chief
Compliance Officer and Secretary |
|
|
Since
July 2023 |
|
|
Chief
Compliance Officer of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund, Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC and the Adviser (2023 to present);
Secretary of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund and Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC (2023 to present); Deputy Chief Compliance
Officer of the Adviser (February 2022 to July 2023); Director of Compliance and Operations of the Adviser (August 2019 to February
2022); and Compliance Manager at Janus Henderson Investors (January 2019 to July 2019). |
|
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|
|
|
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|
(1)
|
The address of each Officer
of the Fund is: c/o Versus Capital Real Estate Fund LLC, 5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80237. |
|
(2)
|
Each Officer will serve for
the duration of the Fund, or until his or her death, resignation, termination, removal or retirement. |
Director
Ownership of Securities
The
following table shows the dollar range of equity securities owned by the Directors in the Fund and in other investment companies overseen
by the Director within the same family of investment companies as of December 31, 2024. Investment companies are considered to be
in the same family if they share the same investment adviser or principal underwriter and hold themselves out to investors as related
companies for purposes of investment and investor services.
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|
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|
Independent
Directors |
|
|
|
Robert
F. Doherty |
|
|
$50,001
to $100,000 |
|
|
Over
$100,000 |
|
|
|
Jeffry
A. Jones |
|
|
$50,001
to $100,000 |
|
|
$50,001
to $100,000 |
|
|
|
Richard
J. McCready |
|
|
$10,001
to $50,000 |
|
|
Over
$100,000 |
|
|
|
Paul
E. Sveen |
|
|
$50,001
to $100,000 |
|
|
$50,001
to $100,000 |
|
|
|
Susan
K. Wold |
|
|
$0 |
|
|
$0
|
|
|
|
Interested
Director |
|
|
|
Casey
Frazier |
|
|
Over
$500,000 |
|
|
Over
$1,000,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As
of February 25, 2025 the Fund’s directors and officers as a group owned less than
1% of the Fund’s outstanding securities.
To
the best of their knowledge, none of the Independent Directors (nor any of their immediate family members) have or hold any securities
of the Adviser, Security Capital, PrinREI or the Distributor, nor any entities controlling or controlled by or under common control with
the Adviser, Security Capital, PrinREI or the Distributor as of December 31, 2024.
Compensation
The
Fund Complex (as defined above) pays each Independent Director a per annum fee of $165,000 allocated as follows: fifty percent (50%) of
such compensation will be allocated equally among the funds in the Fund Complex and fifty percent (50%) of such compensation will be allocated
pro rata annually to each Fund on the basis of each Fund’s assets under management as of December 31 of the preceding year
(except that, for the 2024 calendar year, such allocation will take into account the Fund’s average expected assets under management).
In addition, the Fund reimburses each of the Independent Directors for travel and other expenses incurred in connection with attendance
at meetings. The Chairman of the Audit Committee receives an additional, per annum retainer of $30,000 from the Fund
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Complex
allocated under the same methodology as described above for the per annum Independent Director fee. Other members of the Board and executive
officers of the Fund receive no compensation, other than as noted in the table below. The Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board
evaluates the compensation of the Board members on an ongoing basis and may increase or decrease such compensation based upon market factors
and the ongoing responsibilities and commitment of the members, all of which will be subject to Board approval, including a majority of
the Independent Directors.
The
following table summarizes the compensation paid to the Independent Directors, including Committee fees, and certain executive officers
of the Fund for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024. The Interested Directors and executive officers of the Fund receive no compensation,
other than as noted in the table below. This compensation will continue to be evaluated by the Board on an ongoing basis.
|
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|
Independent
Directors |
|
|
|
Robert
F. Doherty |
|
|
$74,318 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$171,250
|
|
|
|
Jeffry
A. Jones |
|
|
$64,038 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$148,750
|
|
|
|
Richard
T. McCready |
|
|
$64,038 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$148,750
|
|
|
|
Paul
E. Sveen |
|
|
$64,038 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$148,750
|
|
|
|
Susan
K. Wold |
|
|
$64,038 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$148,750
|
|
|
|
Officers
|
|
|
|
Jillian
Varner as Chief Compliance Officer |
|
|
$45,000(1) |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
$90,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Represents amounts being
charged to the Fund for compliance services. |
|
(2)
|
Total compensation for
each of the Independent Directors for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 includes an additional retainer of $10,000 in connection
with the organizational meeting of Versus Capital Infrastructure Income Fund, which was borne by the Adviser. |
CONTROL
PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS
A
principal shareholder is any person who owns (either of record or beneficially) 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a fund. A control
person is one who owns, directly or indirectly, more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control.
A control person may be able to determine the outcome of a matter put to a shareholder vote.
As
of February 25, 2025, to the best knowledge of the Fund, no person owned beneficially
or of-record 5% or more of the outstanding shares of any class of the Fund or 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund addressed
herein, except as set forth in the table below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charles
Schwab & Co. Inc.(1)
211
Main St.
San
Francisco, CA 94105 |
|
|
63.48%
|
|
|
|
National
Financial Services LLC
Newport
Office Center III
499
Washington Blvd. 5th Fl.
Jersey
City, NJ 07310 |
|
|
25.22%
|
|
|
|
MSCS
Financial Services LLC
717
17th Street, Suite 1300
Denver,
CO 80202 |
|
|
9.22% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
The Fund has no knowledge
as to whether all or a portion of the shares owned of record are also owned beneficially. |
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OF CONTENTS
INVESTMENT
ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
The
Adviser
The
Fund’s investment adviser is Versus Capital Advisors LLC, a registered adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended
(the “Advisers Act”). The Adviser’s offices are located at 5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80237.
The Adviser is a Delaware limited liability company originally formed in March of 2007 Colliers VS Holdings, Inc., a wholly-owned indirect
subsidiary of Colliers International Group Inc. (together, “Colliers”), owns, directly and indirectly, approximately 75% of
the outstanding securities of the Adviser. The Adviser’s co-founders, Mark D. Quam, William R. Fuhs, Jr., and Casey R. Frazier,
along with certain other employees, own the remaining balance. Mr. Frazier also serves as Interested Director to the Fund.
The
Fund has engaged the Adviser to provide investment advice to, and manage the day-to-day business and affairs of, the Fund, in each case
under the ultimate supervision of and subject to any policies established by the Board, pursuant to an investment management agreement
entered into between the Fund and the Adviser. The Adviser has been delegated the responsibility of selecting the Private Funds and selecting
and overseeing the Sub-Advisers (subject to the ultimate oversight of the Board). In selecting Private Funds and Sub-Advisers, the Adviser
evaluates each Private Fund and Sub-Adviser to determine whether their respective investment programs are consistent with the Fund’s
investment objective and strategies. The Adviser monitors the Private Funds and Sub-Advisers on an ongoing basis and may, at its discretion,
subject to the repurchase policies of the Private Funds, reallocate the Fund’s assets among the Private Funds and Sub-Advisers,
terminate or redeem investments from existing Private Funds or Sub-Advisers, and select additional Private Funds or Sub-Advisers subject
to review and approval of the Board. The Adviser also provides certain administrative services to the Fund, including: providing office
space, handling shareholder inquiries regarding the Fund, providing shareholders with information concerning their investment in the Fund,
coordinating and organizing meetings of the Board, and providing other support services. The Adviser will perform its duties subject to
any policies established by the Board.
The
Adviser has claimed the relief provided to fund-of-funds operators pursuant to U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”)
No-Action Letter 12-38 and is therefore not subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act
with respect to the Fund. For the Adviser to remain eligible for the relief, the Fund must comply with certain limitations, including
limitations on its ability to gain exposure to certain financial instruments such as futures, options on futures, and certain swaps (“commodity
interests”). These limitations may restrict the Fund’s ability to pursue its investment objectives and strategies, increase
the costs of implementing its strategies, result in higher expenses, and/or adversely affect its total return. In the event the Adviser
believes that the Fund may no longer be able to comply with, or that it may no longer be desirable for it to comply with, these limitations,
the Adviser may register as a commodity pool operator with the CFTC with respect to the Fund. Any such registration could adversely affect
the Fund’s total return by subjecting it to increased costs and expenses. If the Adviser registers as a commodity pool operator
with the CFTC with respect to the Fund, the commodity pool operators of any shareholders that are pooled investment vehicles may be unable
to rely on certain commodity pool operator registration exemptions.
In
consideration for all such services, the Fund pays the Adviser a quarterly fee (the “Investment Management Fee”) at an annual
rate of 0.95% of the Fund’s NAV, which will accrue daily on the basis of the NAV of the Fund. The Investment Management Fee is accrued
daily and payable quarterly in arrears. The Investment Management Fee is paid to the Adviser out of the Fund’s assets. Because the
Investment Management Fee is calculated based on the Fund’s average daily NAV and is paid out of the Fund’s assets, it reduces
the NAV of the Shares. The Adviser may receive additional compensation at an annual rate based on a Subsidiary’s or the VCMIX’s
Sub-REIT’s average daily net assets for providing management services to the Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT. To the extent the
Fund makes investments through a Subsidiary or the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the Adviser has contractually agreed to reduce the Investment Management
Fee paid by the Fund in an amount equal to any management fees it receives from VCMIX Subsidiary and to waive the investment management
fee it receives from the VCMIX Sub-REIT such that, for the collective net assets of the Fund, VCMIX Subsidiary, and the VCMIX Sub-REIT,
the total Investment Management Fee is calculated at a rate of 0.95%.
The
Adviser was paid $25,935,739, $28,858,878, and $22,714,987 in advisory fees for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, March 31,
2023, and March 31, 2024, respectively.
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Sub-Adviser
– Security Capital Research & Management Incorporated
The
Adviser has engaged Security Capital Research & Management Incorporated (“Security Capital”) a registered investment adviser
under the Advisers Act, to act as an independent sub-adviser to the Fund. Security Capital is located at 10 South Dearborn Street, 38th
Floor Chicago, Illinois 60603. Security Capital typically seeks to provide exposure to publicly traded Real Estate Securities on behalf
of the Fund. Security Capital is paid a management fee by the Fund based on assets under management that decreases as assets increase.
The Investment Management Fee will be paid to Security Capital out of the Fund’s assets. The fees are assessed on a sliding scale
and ranging from 1.0% down to 0.45% based on assets under management. Security Capital was paid $1,508,603, $1,262,599, and $1,139,482
in Sub-Advisory fees for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively.
Sub-Adviser
– Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC
The
Adviser has engaged Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC (“PrinREI”) a registered investment adviser under the Advisers Act,
to act as an independent sub-adviser to the Fund. PrinREI is located at 711 High Street, Des Moines, IA 50392. PrinREI typically seeks
to provide exposure to publicly traded Real Estate Securities on behalf of the Fund. PrinREI is paid a management fee by the Fund based
on assets under management that decreases as assets increase. The Investment Management Fee will be paid to PrinREI out of the Fund’s
assets. The fees are assessed on a sliding scale and range from 0.60% when assets are under $150 million down to 0.49% when assets
are over $600 million. PrinREI was paid $2,136,902, $1,601,905 and $945,292 in Sub-Advisory fees for the fiscal years ended March 31,
2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively.
INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Grant
Thornton LLP, located at principal business address 171 N. Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois
60601, serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, providing audit and tax services.
UMB
Bank, n.a. (the “Custodian”) serves as the primary custodian of the assets of the Fund, and may maintain custody of such assets
with domestic and foreign sub-custodians (which may be banks, trust companies, securities depositories and clearing agencies) approved
by the Board. The Custodian’s principal business address is 1010 Grand Blvd., Kansas City, Missouri 64106.
Ropes
& Gray LLP, Prudential Tower, 800 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02199, acts as legal counsel to the Fund.
The
following tables identify, as of March 31, 2024 (or another date, if indicated): (i) the number of other registered investment companies,
other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts managed by the Fund’s portfolio managers (collectively, “Other Accounts”);
(ii) the total assets of such Other Accounts; and (iii) the number and total assets of Other Accounts with respect to which the management
fee charged is based on performance.
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OF CONTENTS
Versus
Capital Advisors LLC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Casey
Frazier, CFA |
|
|
2
|
|
|
$2.95 billion |
|
|
3 |
|
|
$1.4 million |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Dave
Truex, CFA* |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$2.95 billion |
|
|
3 |
|
|
$1.4 million |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Kevin
Nagy, CAIA** |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$2.68 billion |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Performance
Fee Based Accounts
(The
number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts managed by each portfolio manager with
respect
to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.) |
|
|
|
Casey
Frazier, CFA |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Dave
Truex, CFA |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
Kevin
Nagy, CAIA** |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
As
of January 1, 2025, Dave Truex manages 0 other registered investment companies and other pooled investment vehicles. |
|
**
|
Information
as of January 1, 2025. |
Conflicts
of Interest
In
addition to the Fund, the Adviser provides investment advisory services to Versus Capital Real Assets Fund LLC and Versus Capital Infrastructure
Income Fund, each a continuously offered registered closed-end management investment company that has elected to be treated as an interval
fund, as well as three charitable pooled income funds, as defined under section 642(c)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
(the “Code”), and may provide investment advisory services to other funds and accounts in the future (collectively with the
Fund, “Client Accounts”). Because there are different fee structures for each Client Account and because the Adviser’s
portfolio managers may have investments in one Client Account but not another (or they may invest different amounts
in each Client Account), the Adviser’s portfolio managers may have an incentive to dedicate more time and resources or to
otherwise favor one Client Account over another. The Adviser anticipates that the Fund and another Client Account could have overlapping
portfolio holdings or that an investment opportunity would be appropriate for both portfolios. As such, the Adviser has policies and procedures
designed to allocate investment opportunities among the Client Accounts on a fair and equitable basis over time. Additional controls are
in place to monitor the investment decisions and performance of Client Accounts and to address these and other conflicts of interest.
See “Conflicts of Interest – The Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, and the Private Fund Managers” below for an additional discussion
of the Adviser’s conflicts of interest.
Compensation
A
team approach is used by the Adviser to manage the Fund. The Investment Committee of the Adviser is chaired by Casey Frazier and includes
David Truex, among others. Mr. Frazier and Mr. Truex are each paid a base salary, a discretionary bonus, and a share of the
profits, if any, earned in their ownership of the Adviser. Mr. Nagy is paid a base salary and a discretionary bonus.
Ownership
of Securities
The
following table discloses the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the portfolio managers of the Fund as of March 31,
2024.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Casey
Frazier |
|
|
$
500,001 - $1,000,000 |
|
|
|
David
Truex |
|
|
$10,001
- $50,000 |
|
|
|
Kevin
Nagy |
|
|
$0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Security
Capital Research & Management Incorporated (“Security Capital”)
As
of March 31, 2024, in addition to the Fund, Security Capital’s portfolio managers were responsible for the day-to-day management
of certain other accounts, as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony
R. Manno Jr. |
|
|
1
|
|
|
$0.3 billion |
|
|
2 |
|
|
$0.7 billion |
|
|
87 |
|
|
$2.8 billion
|
|
|
|
Kevin
W. Bedell |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$0.3 billion |
|
|
2 |
|
|
$0.7 billion |
|
|
87 |
|
|
$2.8 billion
|
|
|
|
Nathan
J. Gear |
|
|
1 |
|
|
$0.3 billion |
|
|
2 |
|
|
$0.7 billion |
|
|
87 |
|
|
$2.8 billion
|
|
|
|
Performance
Fee Based Accounts
(The
number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts managed by each portfolio manager with respect to
which
the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.) |
|
|
|
Anthony
R. Manno Jr. |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
$0.6 billion
|
|
|
|
Kevin
W. Bedell |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$0.6 billion
|
|
|
|
Nathan
J. Gear |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$0.6 billion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts
of Interest
The
Security Capital portfolio managers’ management of other accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection
with their management of the Fund’s investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. The other
accounts managed by Security Capital’s portfolio managers include other registered mutual funds and separately managed accounts.
The other accounts might have similar investment objectives as the Fund or hold, purchase, or sell securities that are eligible to be
held, purchased, or sold by the Fund. While the portfolio managers’ management of other accounts may give rise to the following
potential conflicts of interest, Security Capital does not believe that the conflicts, if any, are material or, to the extent any such
conflicts are material, Security Capital believes that it has designed policies and procedures to manage those conflicts in an appropriate
way.
A
potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the portfolio managers’ day-to-day management of the Fund. Because of their
positions with the Fund, the portfolio managers know the size, timing, and possible market impact of Fund trades. It is theoretically
possible that the portfolio managers could use this information to the advantage of other accounts they manage and to the possible detriment
of the Fund. However, Security Capital has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment opportunities on
a fair and equitable basis over time.
A
potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the portfolio managers’ management of the Fund and other accounts, which,
in theory, may allow them to allocate investment opportunities in a way that favors other accounts over the Fund. This conflict of interest
may be exacerbated to the extent that Security Capital or the portfolio managers receive, or expect to receive, greater compensation from
their management of the other accounts than from the Fund. Notwithstanding this theoretical conflict of interest, it is Security Capital’s
policy to manage each account based on its investment objectives and related restrictions and, as discussed above, Security Capital has
adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment opportunities on a fair and equitable basis over time and in
a manner consistent with each account’s investment objectives and related restrictions. For example, while the portfolio managers
may buy for other accounts securities that differ in identity or quantity from securities bought for the Fund, such securities might not
be suitable for the Fund given the investment objectives and related restrictions.
Compensation
The
Fund pays Security Capital a sub-advisory fee based on the net assets of the Fund managed by Security Capital, as set forth in an investment
sub-advisory agreement between Security Capital and Versus Capital. Security Capital pays its investment professionals out of its total
revenues and other resources, including the sub-advisory fees earned with respect to the Fund. The following information relates to the
period ended March 31, 2024.
The
principal form of compensation of Security Capital’s professionals is a base salary and annual bonus. Base salaries are fixed for
each portfolio manager. Each professional is paid a cash salary and, in addition, a year-end bonus based on achievement of specific objectives
that the professional’s manager and the professional agree upon at the commencement of the year. The annual bonus is paid partially
in cash and partially in either: (i) restricted stock of
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OF CONTENTS
Security
Capital’s parent company, JPMorgan Chase & Co., and/or (ii) in self-directed parent company mutual funds, all vesting over a
three-year period (50% each after the second and third years). The annual bonus is a function of Security Capital achieving its financial,
operating and investment performance goals, as well as the individual achieving measurable objectives specific to that professional’s
role within the firm. The annual incentive program is linked directly to the profitability of each business unit, to JPMorgan Asset Management
as a whole, and to the performance of the firm generally. None of the portfolio managers’ compensation is based on the performance
of, or the value of assets held in, the Fund.
Ownership
of Securities
As
of March 31, 2024, Security Capital’s portfolio managers did not beneficially own any shares of the Fund.
Principal
Real Estate Investors (“PrinREI”)
As
of March 31, 2024, in addition to the Fund, PrinREI’s portfolio managers were responsible for the day-to-day management of
certain other accounts, as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony
Kenkel |
|
|
11
|
|
|
$9.5
billion |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$2.7 billion |
|
|
82 |
|
|
$9.0 billion
|
|
|
|
Kelly
Rush |
|
|
11 |
|
|
$9.5
billion |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$2.7 billion |
|
|
82 |
|
|
$9.0 billion
|
|
|
|
Simon
Hedger |
|
|
7 |
|
|
$3.0 billion |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$1.2 billion |
|
|
39 |
|
|
$5.8 billion
|
|
|
|
Performance
Fee-Based Accounts
(The
number of accounts and the total assets in the accounts managed by each portfolio manager with respect to which
the
advisory fee is based on the performance of the account.) |
|
|
|
Anthony
Kenkel |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$506MM
|
|
|
|
Kelly
Rush |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
5 |
|
|
$506MM
|
|
|
|
Simon
Hedger |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
0 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
4 |
|
|
$506MM |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Conflicts
of Interest
In
addition to sub-advising the Fund, PrinREI provides investment advisory services to numerous other client accounts. The investment objectives
and policies of these accounts may differ from those of the Fund. Based on these differing circumstances, potential conflicts of interest
may arise because PrinREI may be required to pursue different investment strategies on behalf of the Fund and other client accounts. For
example, where PrinREI is managing an account for an individual, it may be required to consider the individual client’s existing
positions, personal tax situation, suitability, personal biases, and investment time horizon, considerations that do not necessarily impact
its investment decisions on behalf of the Fund. This means that research on securities to determine the merits of including them in the
Fund’s portfolio are similar, but not identical, to those employed in building private client portfolios. As a result, there may
be instances in which PrinREI purchases or sells an investment for one or more private accounts and not for the Fund, or vice versa. To
the extent the Fund and other clients seek to acquire the same security at about the same time, the Fund may not be able to acquire as
large a position in such security as it desires or it may have to pay a higher price for the security. Similarly, the Fund may not be
able to obtain as large an execution of an order to sell or as high a price for any particular security if the portfolio managers desire
to sell the same portfolio security at the same time on behalf of other clients. On the other hand, if the same securities are bought
or sold at the same time by more than one client, the resulting participation in volume transactions could produce better executions for
the Fund.
Compensation
The
Fund pays PrinREI a sub-advisory fee based on the net assets of the Fund managed by PrinREI, as set forth in an investment sub-advisory
agreement between PrinREI and Versus Capital. PrinREI pays its investment professionals out of its total revenues and other resources,
including the sub-advisory fees earned with respect to the Fund. The following information relates to the period ended March 31,
2024.
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OF CONTENTS
Compensation
for all team members is comprised of fixed pay (base salary) and variable incentive components. As team members advance in their careers,
the variable incentive opportunity increases in its proportion commensurate with responsibility levels. Variable incentive takes the form
of a profit-based incentive plan with funding based on pre-tax, pre-bonus operating earnings generated by the team. The plan is designed
to provide line-of-sight to team members, enabling them to share in current and future business growth (profits of the team) while reinforcing
delivery of investment performance, long- term business growth, team collaboration, regulatory compliance, operational excellence, client
retention and client satisfaction. Investment performance is measured against relative client benchmarks and peer groups over one-year
and three-year periods, calculated quarterly, reinforcing a longer-term orientation.
Awards
from the profit share plan are delivered in the form of cash or a combination of cash, Principal Financial Group (“PFG”) restricted
stock units (“RSUs”) and fund deferrals (money is aligned with funds managed by the team). The amount of incentive delivered
in the form of RSUs and fund deferral awards depends on the size of an individual’s incentive award as it relates to a tiered deferral
schedule, . RSU and fund deferral awards are subject to a three-year cliff vesting schedule. The overall measurement framework and deferred
components are designed to align with PrinREI’s desired focus on clients’ objectives (e.g., long-term investment performance;
fund deferrals), alignment with Principal shareholders (e.g., RSUs), and talent retention.
The
annual discretionary bonus is determined based on investment performance and discretionary factors including individual performance, market
compensation levels, retentive needs, contribution to profitability, and collaborative effort. Performance goals used to measure individual
performance is closely aligned with client investment goals and objectives, with the largest determinant being portfolio investment performance
relative to appropriate client benchmarks and peer groups over one and three-year time periods.
Promotions
are based on need for a higher-level role and individual readiness. Readiness for a promotion involves an evaluation of the individual’s
demonstrated competencies, proficiencies and behavior.
Ownership
of Securities
As
of March 31, 2024, PrinREI’s portfolio managers did not beneficially own any shares of the Fund.
REPURCHASES
AND TRANSFERS OF SHARES
Involuntary
Repurchases
Subject
to limitations in the LLC Agreement, the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder, the Fund’s Board, in its sole discretion,
may cause a mandatory repurchase by the Fund of a shareholder’s Shares if (i) such Shares have been transferred in violation of
the Fund’s Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement (the “LLC Agreement”), or such Shares have vested
in any person by operation of law as the result of the death, dissolution, bankruptcy or incompetency of a shareholder; (ii) ownership
of Shares by a shareholder or other person will cause the Fund to be in violation of, or require registration of any Shares under, or
subject the Fund to additional registration or regulation under, the securities, commodities or other laws of the United States or any
other relevant jurisdiction; (iii) continued ownership of such Shares may be harmful or injurious to the business or reputation of
the Fund, or may subject the Fund or any shareholders to an undue risk of adverse tax or other fiscal consequences; (iv) such shareholder
owns Shares having an aggregate NAV less than an amount determined from time to time by the Board; (v) any of the representations and
warranties made by a shareholder in connection with the acquisition of Shares thereof was not true when made or has ceased to be true;
or (vi) it would be in the best interests of the Fund, as determined by the Board, for the Fund to repurchase such Shares.
Transfers
of Shares
Except
under limited circumstances as set forth in the LLC Agreement, no person may become a substituted shareholder without the written consent
of the Board, which consent may be withheld for any reason in the Board’s sole and absolute discretion. Shares may be transferred
only (i) by operation of law pursuant to the death, disability, bankruptcy, insolvency, incompetence or dissolution of a shareholder or
(ii) with the written consent of the Board or any officer of the Fund to which the Board delegates its authority under the LLC Agreement
(such consent to be granted or withheld in the sole and absolute discretion of the Board or the officer, as applicable).
Each
shareholder and transferee is required to pay all expenses, including attorneys’ and accountants’ fees, incurred by the Fund
in connection with such transfer.
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OF CONTENTS
The
Fund and the Adviser have each adopted a Joint Code of Ethics, and each Sub-Adviser has adopted a code of ethics, pursuant to Rule 17j-1
under the Investment Company Act, that permits its personnel, subject to the codes, to invest in securities, including securities that
may be purchased or held by the Fund. Foreside Funds Distributors LLC, acting as Distributor, is exempt from Rule 17j-1. These codes
of ethics are available on the Electronic Data-Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system (EDGAR) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov,
and also may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address:
[email protected].
PROXY
VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The
Fund invests in Private Funds, which have investors other than the Fund. The Fund may invest some of its assets in non-voting securities
of Private Funds.
The
Fund has delegated voting of proxies in respect of portfolio holdings to the Adviser, to vote the Fund’s proxies in accordance with
the Adviser’s proxy voting guidelines and procedures. For assets sub-advised by Sub-Advisers, the Adviser has delegated its authority
to vote proxies to those Sub-Advisers. The proxy voting policies and procedures of the Adviser and Sub-Advisers are set forth on Appendix A
to this SAI. Private Funds typically do not submit matters to investors for vote; however, if a Private Fund submits a matter to the Fund
for vote (and the Fund holds voting interests in the Private Fund), the Adviser will vote on the matter in a way that it believes is in
the best interest of the Fund and in accordance with the following proxy voting guidelines (the “Voting Guidelines”):
|
• |
In voting proxies, the
Adviser is guided by general fiduciary principles. The Adviser’s goal is to act prudently, solely in the best interest of the Fund.
|
|
• |
The Adviser attempts
to consider all factors of its vote that could affect the value of the investment and will vote proxies in the manner that it believes
will be consistent with efforts to maximize shareholder value. |
|
• |
The Adviser, absent a
particular reason to the contrary, generally will vote with management’s recommendations on routine matters. Other matters will
be voted on a case-by-case basis. |
The
Adviser applies its Voting Guidelines in a manner designed to identify and address material conflicts that may arise between the Adviser’s
interests and those of its clients before voting proxies on behalf of such clients. The Adviser relies on the following to seek to identify
conflicts of interest with respect to proxy voting and assess their materiality:
|
• |
The Adviser’s employees
are under an obligation (i) to be aware of the potential for conflicts of interest on the part of the Adviser with respect to voting proxies
on behalf of client accounts both as a result of an employee’s personal relationships and due to special circumstances that may
arise during the conduct of the Adviser’s business, and (ii) to bring conflicts of interest of which they become aware to the attention
of the Adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer. |
|
• |
The Adviser’s Chief
Compliance Officer will work with appropriate personnel of the Adviser to determine whether an identified conflict of interest is material.
A conflict of interest will be considered material to the extent that it is determined that such conflict has the potential to influence
the Adviser’s decision-making in voting the proxy. All materiality determinations will be based on an assessment of the particular
facts and circumstances. The Adviser shall maintain a written record of all materiality determinations. |
|
• |
If it is determined that
a conflict of interest is not material, the Adviser may vote proxies notwithstanding the existence of the conflict. |
|
• |
If it is determined that
a conflict of interest is material, the Adviser may seek legal assistance from appropriate counsel for the Adviser to determine a method
to resolve such conflict of interest before voting proxies affected by the conflict of interest. Such methods may include: |
|
• |
disclosing the conflict
to the Board and obtaining the consent of the Board before voting; |
|
• |
engaging another party on
behalf of the Fund to vote the proxy on its behalf; |
|
• |
engaging a third party
to recommend a vote with respect to the proxy based on application of the policies set forth herein; or |
|
• |
such other method as is
deemed appropriate under the circumstances given the nature of the conflict. |
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OF CONTENTS
The
Adviser shall maintain a written record of the method used to resolve a material conflict of interest. Information regarding how the Adviser
and Sub-Advisers voted the Fund’s proxies related to the Fund’s portfolio holdings during the most recent 12-month period
is available without charge, upon request, by calling (877) 200-1878 and is available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The
Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, and the Private Fund Managers
The
Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, and the managers of the Private Funds (collectively referred to herein as “Managers”) and their
respective affiliates are actively engaged in transactions and in rendering discretionary or non-discretionary investment advice on behalf
of the Fund, the Private Funds, and other registered investment companies, private investment funds, and individual accounts (collectively,
“Adviser Clients”). Each Manager will evaluate a variety of factors that may be relevant in determining whether a particular
investment opportunity or strategy is appropriate and feasible for the Fund and other Adviser Clients at a particular time. Because these
considerations may differ, the investment activities of the Fund, on the one hand, and other Adviser Clients, on the other hand, may differ
considerably from time to time. In addition, the fees and expenses of the Fund may differ from those of the other Adviser Clients.
Other
Adviser Clients may have investment objectives and strategies that are similar to those of the Fund and may involve the same types of
investments as the Fund and/or the Private Funds. As a result, a Manager’s other Adviser Clients may compete with the Fund and/or
the Private Funds for appropriate investment opportunities and conflicts of interest may arise with respect to the allocation of the investment
opportunities, particularly with respect to capacity constrained opportunities. It is the policy of each of the Adviser and Sub-Advisers,
to the extent possible, to allocate investment opportunities to the Fund over a period of time on a fair and equitable basis relative
to other Adviser Clients. Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of other Adviser Clients. Neither the Adviser
nor any Sub-Adviser has any obligation to invest on behalf of the Fund in any investment opportunity that the Adviser or Sub-Adviser invests
in on behalf of other Adviser Clients if, in its opinion, such investment appears to be unsuitable, impractical, or undesirable for the
Fund.
Conversely,
certain portfolio strategies of the Managers and/or their respective affiliates used for other Adviser Clients could conflict with the
strategies employed by the Managers in managing the Fund or the Private Funds, as applicable, particularly where a Manager has limited
the capacity for a particular strategy or the number of accounts it will manage. As a result, the Fund may invest in a manner opposite
to that of a Manager’s other Adviser Clients – i.e., the Fund buying an investment
when other Adviser Clients are selling, and vice-versa. The Managers and/or their respective affiliates may give advice or take action
with respect to any of their Adviser Clients that may differ in the nature or timing of any advice or action taken with respect to the
Fund or the Private Funds. The Adviser may have relationships with certain Managers described herein for certain of its other Adviser
Clients and the Adviser will have discretion in determining the Fund’s level of participation with such Managers. In some cases,
such relationships for other Adviser Clients may be on terms different from, and sometimes more favorable than, the terms for the Fund.
The Adviser, the Managers, and/or their respective affiliates may have investments or other business relationships with each other or
with the Private Funds, including acting as broker, prime broker, lender, counterparty, shareholder or financial adviser. These other
relationships could be more valuable than the Adviser’s or Manager’s relationships with the Fund, either due to compensation
arrangements or otherwise. In addition, the Adviser, the Sub-Advisers and/or their respective affiliates may receive research products
and services in connection with the brokerage services that the Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, and/or their respective affiliates may provide
from time to time. For these reasons, the Managers may have financial incentives to favor certain Adviser Clients over the Fund may be
conflicted in providing services to the Fund relative to its other Adviser Clients, and the Adviser will face a conflict in evaluating
such Managers. Due to the prohibitions contained in the Investment Company Act regarding certain transactions between a registered
investment company and its affiliated persons, or affiliated persons of those affiliated persons, the Fund may not be able to invest in
Private Funds and other Adviser Clients managed by certain Managers, even if the investment would be appropriate for the Fund.
The
Adviser and the Sub-Advisers may have an incentive to favor certain accounts over the Fund to the extent they have proprietary investments
in those accounts or receive greater compensation for managing them than they do for managing the Fund. The proprietary activities or
portfolio strategies of the Adviser, the Sub-Advisers and their respective affiliates, and the activities or strategies used for accounts
managed by the Adviser, the Sub-Advisers, and/or their respective affiliates for themselves or other Adviser Clients, could conflict with
the transactions and strategies
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employed
by the Fund, and could affect the prices and availability of the securities and instruments in which the Fund invests. Issuers of securities
held by the Fund or a Private Fund may have publicly or privately traded securities in which the Adviser, the Managers, and/or their respective
affiliates are investors or market makers. The trading activities of the Adviser, the Managers and their respective affiliates generally
are carried out without reference to positions held directly or indirectly by the Fund or the Private Funds and may have an effect on
the value of the positions so held. Any of their proprietary accounts and other customer accounts may compete with the Fund for specific
trades, or may hold positions opposite to positions maintained on behalf of the Fund. The Sub-Advisers may give advice and recommend securities
to, or buy or sell securities for the Fund, which advice or securities may differ from advice given to, or securities recommended or bought
or sold for, other accounts and customers even though their investment objectives may be the same as, or similar to, those of the Fund.
The managers of the Private Funds may have conflicts of interest with respect to the Private Funds that are similar to the conflicts of
interest that the Sub-Advisers have with the Fund, which therefore indirectly impact the Fund.
As
a diversified global real estate and investment management firm, Colliers, the parent company of the Adviser, engages in a broad spectrum
of real estate and investment activities. In the ordinary course of its business, Colliers engages in activities where Colliers’s
interests or the interests of its clients may conflict with the interests of the Fund. Colliers holds ownership interests in, and is otherwise
affiliated with, certain other investment managers (“Affiliated Managers”). Colliers and the Affiliated Managers advise
clients with a wide variety of investment objectives that in some instances may overlap or conflict with the Fund’s investment objectives
and present conflicts of interest. The conflicts of interest described above apply to Colliers and the Affiliated Managers as “Managers.”
In addition, Colliers’s financial interests in the Affiliated Managers may create an affiliation between the Adviser and the Affiliated
Managers and will give rise to conflicts of interest between the Fund and other investment vehicles managed by other asset managers. For
example, such financial interests create an incentive for the Adviser to invest in funds managed by an Affiliated Manager or hire an Affiliated
Manager as a sub-adviser to the Fund or other funds sponsored by the Adviser. Further, if the Fund is invested in funds managed by an
Affiliated Manager, there is a conflict between the Adviser’s obligations to the Fund, on the one hand, and the Adviser’s
(or Colliers’s) interest in the success of the Affiliated Manager, on the other hand.
The
nature of the Adviser’s and Colliers’s relationship with the Affiliated Managers means that, due to the prohibitions contained
in the Investment Company Act on certain transactions between a registered investment company and affiliated persons of it, or affiliated
persons of those affiliated persons, the Fund may not be able to invest in Private Funds or other vehicles managed by Affiliated Managers,
even if the investment would be appropriate for the Fund. These prohibitions are designed to prevent affiliates and insiders from using
a registered investment company (such as the Fund) to benefit themselves to the detriment of the registered investment company and its
shareholders. For investments in Private Funds managed by Affiliated Managers that predate Colliers’s acquisition of the Adviser,
or to the extent the Fund is invested in a Private Fund sponsored or managed by an entity that subsequently becomes a Affiliated Manager
(e.g., due to Colliers’ acquisition of such entity), the Fund may not be able to make further
investments in such Private Funds or redeem existing interests back to such Private Funds, even if the additional investment or redemption
would be beneficial to the Fund. The Adviser and its affiliates will endeavor to manage these potential conflicts in a fair and equitable
manner, subject to legal, regulatory, contractual, or other applicable considerations. There is no assurance that conflicts of interest
will be resolved in favor of the Fund’s shareholders, and, in fact, they may not be. Conflicts of interest not described herein
may also exist.
The
Distributor and Intermediaries
Foreside
Funds Distributors LLC serves as the Fund’s “statutory underwriter,” within the meaning of the Securities Act, and “principal
underwriter,” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act, and facilitates the distribution of the Shares. The Fund, the Adviser
and/or the Distributor may authorize one or more financial intermediaries (e.g., banks, broker/dealers,
investment advisers, trusts, financial industry professionals, etc. collectively referred to as “Intermediaries” and individually
as “Intermediary”) to receive orders and provide certain related services on behalf of the Fund. Additionally, the Adviser
has entered into distribution and/or servicing agreements to compensate Intermediaries for distribution-related activities and/or for
providing ongoing services in respect of clients to whom they have distributed Shares of the Fund. Such compensation to the Intermediaries
is paid by the Adviser out of the Adviser’s own resources and is not an expense of the Fund or Fund shareholders. These payments
may create a conflict of interest for the Intermediaries by providing an incentive to recommend the Fund’s Shares over other potential
investments that may also be appropriate for the clients of such Intermediaries. Such professionals and Intermediaries
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may
provide varying investment products, programs, platforms and accounts through which investors may purchase or participate in a repurchase
of Shares of the Fund. Platform fees, administration fees, shareholder services fees and sub-transfer agent fees paid to Intermediaries
are not paid by the Fund.
Any
Intermediaries or their respective affiliates may provide distribution, shareholder servicing, brokerage, placement, investment banking,
or other financial or advisory services from time to time to one or more other funds, accounts or entities managed by the Managers or
their affiliates, including the Private Funds, and receive compensation for providing these services.
The
following discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in Shares of the Fund is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury
regulations, and other applicable authority, as of the date of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative
action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax
considerations generally applicable to investments in Shares of the Fund. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of
the U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in Shares of the Fund. There may be other tax considerations applicable
to particular shareholders. For example, except as otherwise specifically noted herein, this summary has not described certain tax considerations
that may be relevant to certain types of persons subject to special treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws, including shareholders
subject to the U.S. federal alternative minimum tax, insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations, pension plans and trusts, regulated
investment companies, dealers in securities, shareholders holding Shares through tax-advantaged accounts (such as 401(k) plans or individual
retirement accounts (“IRAs”)), financial institutions, shareholders holding Shares as part of a hedge, straddle, or conversion
transaction, entities that are not organized under the laws of the United States or a political subdivision thereof, and persons who are
neither citizens nor residents of the United States. This summary assumes that investors hold Shares as capital assets (within the meaning
of the Code). Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of
U.S. federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other tax laws, and any proposed tax law changes.
Taxation
of the Fund
The
Fund has elected and intends to qualify and be eligible to be treated each year as a regulated investment company (“RIC”)
under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded regulated investment companies and their shareholders,
the Fund must, among other things: (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest, payments
with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or
other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of
investing in such stock, securities, or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships”
(as defined below); (b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (i) at least 50%
of the value of the Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated
investment companies, and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to a value not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s
total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the
Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, (x)
in the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer or of two or more
issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or (y) in the securities of
one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below); and (c) distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90%
of the sum of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends
paid—generally, taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses)
and any net tax-exempt interest income for such year.
In
general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in paragraph (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be
treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying
income if realized directly by the RIC. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded
partnership” (a partnership (x) the interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on
a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (y) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described
in paragraph (a)(i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In general, such entities will be treated as partnerships for U.S. federal
income tax
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purposes
because they meet the passive income requirement under Code section 7704(c)(2). In addition, although in general the passive loss rules
of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a RIC with respect to items attributable to an interest
in a qualified publicly traded partnership.
For
purposes of the diversification test in (b) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the
equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership. Also, for purposes of the diversification test in (b) above, the identification
of the issuer (or, in some cases, issuers) of a particular Fund investment can depend on the terms and conditions of that investment.
In some cases, identification of the issuer (or issuers) is uncertain under current law, and an adverse determination or future guidance
by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) with respect to issuer identification for a particular type of investment may adversely
affect the Fund’s ability to meet the diversification test in (b) above.
If
the Fund qualifies as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on income
or gains distributed in a timely manner to shareholders in the form of dividends (including Capital Gain Dividends, as defined below).
If the Fund were to fail to meet the income, diversification, or distribution tests described above, the Fund could in some cases cure
such failure, including by paying a Fund-level tax, paying interest, making additional distributions, or disposing of certain assets.
If the Fund were ineligible to or otherwise did not cure such failure for any year, or were otherwise to fail to qualify as a RIC accorded
special tax treatment for such year, the Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions
from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to Shareholders
as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate
shareholders and may be eligible to be treated as “qualified dividend income” in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals,
provided, in both cases, that the shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements in respect of the Fund’s Shares
(as described below). In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make
substantial distributions before re-qualifying as a RIC that is accorded special tax treatment.
The
Fund intends to distribute to its shareholders, at least annually, all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed
without regard to the dividends-paid deduction), its net tax-exempt income (if any) and its net capital gain (that is, the excess of net
long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss, in each case determined with reference to any loss carryforwards). Any taxable
income including any net capital gain retained by the Fund will be subject to tax at the Fund level at regular corporate rates. In the
case of net capital gain, the Fund is permitted to designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gain in a timely notice to its
shareholders who would then, in turn, (i) be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital
gain, their share of such undistributed amount, and (ii) be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund
on such undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds on a properly filed U.S.
tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. If the Fund makes this designation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
the tax basis of Shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of
undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and the tax deemed
paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence. The Fund is not required to, and there can be no assurance that the
Fund will, make this designation if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain in a taxable year.
Capital
losses in excess of capital gains (“net capital losses”) are not permitted to be deducted against the Fund’s net investment
income. Instead, potentially subject to certain limitations, the Fund may carry net capital losses from any taxable year forward to subsequent
taxable years to offset capital gains, if any, realized during such subsequent taxable years. Capital loss carryforwards are reduced to
the extent they offset current-year net realized capital gains, whether the Fund retains or distributes such gains. The Fund may carry
net capital losses forward to one or more subsequent taxable years without expiration. The Fund must apply such carryforwards first against
gains of the same character.
In
determining its net capital gain, including in connection with determining the amount available to support a Capital Gain Dividend (as
defined below), its taxable income and its earnings and profits, a RIC generally may elect to treat part or all of any post-October capital
loss (defined as any net capital loss attributable to the portion, if any, of the taxable year after October 31 or, if there is no
such loss, the net long-term capital loss or net short-term capital loss attributable to such portion of the taxable year) or late-year
ordinary loss (generally, the sum of its (i) net ordinary loss from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of property, attributable
to the portion, if any, of the taxable year after October 31, and its (ii) other net ordinary loss attributable to the portion, if
any, of the taxable year after December 31) as if incurred in the succeeding taxable year.
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If
the Fund were to fail to distribute in a calendar year at least an amount equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year
and 98.2% of its capital gain net income recognized for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year (or November 30
or December 31 of that year if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects), plus any such amounts retained from the prior year,
the Fund would be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. For purposes of the required excise tax distribution,
a RIC’s ordinary gains and losses from the sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of property that would otherwise be taken
into account after October 31 (or November 30 of that year if the RIC makes the election described above) generally are treated
as arising on January 1 of the following calendar year; in the case of a RIC with a December 31 year end that makes the election
described above, no such gains or losses will be so treated. Also, for these purposes, the Fund will be treated as having distributed
any amount on which it is subject to corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. The Fund intends generally
to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to
or will do so.
Fund
Distributions
The
Fund intends to make distributions to shareholders quarterly. All distributions paid by the Fund will be reinvested in additional Shares
of the Fund unless a shareholder affirmatively elects not to reinvest in additional Shares pursuant to the Fund’s Distribution Reinvestment
Policy (as described in the Prospectus). Shareholders whose distributions are so reinvested in Shares will be treated for U.S. federal
income tax purposes as having received an amount in distribution equal to the fair market value of the Shares issued to the shareholder,
which amount will also be equal to the net asset value of such shares. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, all distributions are generally
taxable in the manner described herein, whether a shareholder takes them in cash or they are reinvested pursuant to the Distribution Reinvestment
Policy in additional shares of the Fund.
Fund
distributions generally will be taxable to shareholders in the calendar year in which the distributions are declared, rather than the
calendar year in which the distributions are received. See the discussion below regarding distributions declared in October, November
or December for further information. Distributions received by tax-exempt shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income
tax to the extent permitted under applicable tax law.
For
U.S. federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions
of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned (or is deemed to have owned) the investments that generated the gains, rather
than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Shares. In general, the Fund will recognize long-term capital gain or loss on investments
it has owned (or is deemed to have owned) for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss on investments it has owned (or
is deemed to have owned) for one year or less. Tax rules can alter the Fund’s holding period in investments and thereby affect the
tax treatment of gain or loss in respect of such investments. Distributions of net capital gain that are properly reported by the Fund
as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains includible
in net capital gain and taxed to individuals at reduced rates relative to ordinary income. The IRS and the Department of the Treasury
have issued regulations that impose special rules in respect of Capital Gain Dividends received through partnership interests constituting
“applicable partnership interests” under Section 1061 of the Code. Distributions of net short-term capital gain (as reduced
by any net long-term capital loss for the taxable year) will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Distributions of investment
income reported by the Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates
applicable to net capital gain, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund levels. The Fund
does not expect a significant portion of distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income.
In
general, dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of the Fund will qualify for the dividends-received deduction
generally available to corporations only to the extent of the amount of eligible dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations
for the taxable year if certain holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund levels. The Fund does not
expect a significant portion of distributions to be eligible for the dividends-received deduction.
Any
distribution of income that is attributable to (i) income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends with respect to securities on loan
pursuant to a securities lending transaction or (ii) dividend income received by the Fund on securities it temporarily purchased from
a counterparty pursuant to a repurchase agreement that is treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a loan by the Fund, will not
constitute qualified dividend income to non-corporate shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate
shareholders.
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The
Code generally imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on the net investment income of certain individuals, trusts and estates to the
extent their income exceeds certain threshold amounts. For these purposes, “net investment income” generally includes, among
other things, (i) distributions paid by the Fund of net investment income and capital gains as described above, and (ii) any net gain
from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of Fund shares. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors regarding
the possible implications of this additional tax on their investment in the Fund.
If,
in and with respect to any taxable year, the Fund makes a distribution in excess of its current and accumulated “earnings and profits,”
the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of a shareholder’s tax basis in his or her Shares,
and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder’s basis in his or her shares, thus
reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of such shares.
Distributions
by the Fund to its shareholders that the Fund properly reports as “section 199A dividends,” as defined and subject to certain
conditions described below, are treated as qualified REIT dividends in the hands of non-corporate shareholders. Non-corporate shareholders
are permitted a federal income tax deduction equal to 20% of qualified REIT dividends received by them, subject to certain limitations.
Very generally, a “section 199A dividend” is any dividend or portion thereof that is attributable to certain dividends received
by a RIC from REITs, to the extent such dividends are properly reported as such by the RIC in a written notice to its shareholders. A
section 199A dividend is treated as a qualified REIT dividend only if the shareholder receiving such dividend holds the dividend-paying
RIC shares for at least 46 days of the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the shares become ex-dividend, and is not under an obligation
to make related payments with respect to a position in substantially similar or related property. The Fund is permitted to report such
part of its dividends as section 199A dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so.
A
distribution by the Fund will be treated as paid on December 31 of any calendar year if it is declared by the Fund in October, November
or December with a record date in such a month and paid by the Fund during January of the following calendar year. Such distributions
will be taxable to shareholders in the calendar year in which the distributions are declared, rather than the calendar year in which the
distributions are received.
Dividends
and distributions on Shares are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the
Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular
shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of Shares purchased at a time when the Fund’s
net asset value reflects unrealized gains or income or gains that are realized but not yet distributed. Such realized income and gains
may be required to be distributed even when the Fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.
Sales,
Exchanges or Repurchases of Shares
The
sale, exchange or repurchase of Fund shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition
of Fund shares treated as a sale or exchange for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if
the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, such gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated
as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares held for six months or less will
be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received)
by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of Fund shares will be
disallowed under the Code’s “wash sale” rule if other substantially identical shares of the Fund are purchased within
30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed
loss.
A
repurchase by the Fund of a shareholder’s shares pursuant to a repurchase offer generally will be treated as a sale or exchange
of the shares by a shareholder provided that either (i) the shareholder tenders, and the Fund repurchases, all of such shareholder’s
shares, thereby reducing the shareholder’s percentage ownership of the Fund, whether directly or by attribution under Section 318
of the Code, to 0%, (ii) the shareholder meets numerical safe harbors under the Code with respect to percentage voting interest and reduction
in ownership of the Fund following completion of the repurchase offer, or (iii) the repurchase offer otherwise results in a “meaningful
reduction” of the shareholder’s ownership percentage interest in the Fund, which determination depends on a particular shareholder’s
facts and circumstances.
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If
a tendering shareholder’s proportionate ownership of the Fund (determined after applying the ownership attribution rules under Section 318
of the Code) is not reduced to the extent required under the tests described above, such shareholder will be deemed to receive a distribution
from the Fund under Section 301 of the Code with respect to the shares held (or deemed held under Section 318 of the Code) by
the shareholder after the repurchase offer (a “Section 301 distribution”). The amount of this distribution will equal
the price paid by the Fund to such shareholder for the shares sold, and will be taxable as a dividend, i.e.,
as ordinary income, to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits allocable to such distribution, with
the excess treated as a return of capital reducing the shareholder’s tax basis in the shares held after the repurchase offer, and
thereafter as capital gain. Any Fund shares held by a shareholder after a repurchase offer will be subject to basis adjustments in accordance
with the provisions of the Code.
Provided
that no tendering shareholder is treated as receiving a Section 301 distribution as a result of selling shares pursuant to a particular
repurchase offer, shareholders who do not sell shares pursuant to that repurchase offer will not realize constructive distributions on
their shares as a result of other shareholders selling shares in the repurchase offer. In the event that any tendering shareholder is
deemed to receive a Section 301 distribution, it is possible that shareholders whose proportionate ownership of the Fund increases
as a result of that repurchase offer, including shareholders who do not tender any shares, will be deemed to receive a constructive distribution
under Section 305(c) of the Code in an amount equal to the increase in their percentage ownership of the Fund as a result of the
repurchase offer. Such constructive distribution will be treated as a dividend to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits
allocable to it.
Use
of the Fund’s cash to repurchase shares may adversely affect the Fund’s ability to satisfy the distribution requirements for
treatment as a RIC described above. The Fund may also recognize income in connection with the sale of portfolio securities to fund share
purchases, in which case the Fund would take any such income into account in determining whether such distribution requirements have been
satisfied.
The
foregoing discussion does not address the tax treatment of tendering shareholders who do not hold their shares as a capital asset. Such
shareholders should consult their own tax advisors on the specific tax consequences to them of participating or not participating in the
repurchase offer.
Issuer
Deductibility of Interest
A
portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by the Fund may not, and interest paid on debt
obligations, if any, that are considered for tax purposes to be payable in the equity of the issuer or a related party will not be deductible
to the issuer. This may affect the cash flow of the issuer. If a portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount
obligations is not deductible, that portion will be treated as a dividend paid by the issuer for purposes of the corporate dividends-received
deduction. In such cases, if the issuer of the high yield discount obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the Fund
may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction to the extent attributable to the deemed dividend portion of such accrued interest.
Original
Issue Discount, Payment-in-Kind Securities, Market Discount, Preferred Securities and
Commodity-Linked
Notes
Some
debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance (and zero-coupon debt obligations with a fixed
maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) will be treated as debt obligations that are issued originally at a discount
(“OID”). Generally, the amount of the OID is treated as interest income and is included in the Fund’s income and required
to be distributed over the term of the debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial
or full repayment or disposition of the debt obligation. Increases in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will generally
be treated as OID.
Some
debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance that are acquired by the Fund in the secondary
market may be treated as having “market discount.” Very generally, market discount is the excess of the stated redemption
price of a debt obligation (or in the case of an obligation issued with OID, its “revised issue price”) over the purchase
price of such obligation. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt obligation
having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued
market discount” on such debt obligation. Alternatively, the Fund may elect to accrue market discount currently, in which case the
Fund will be required to include the accrued market discount on such debt obligation in the Fund’s income (as ordinary income) and
thus distribute it over the term of the debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial
or full
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repayment
or disposition of the debt obligation. The rate at which the market discount accrues, and thus is included in the Fund’s income,
will depend upon which of the permitted accrual methods the Fund elects. The Fund reserves the right to revoke such an election at any
time pursuant to applicable IRS procedures. In the case of higher-risk securities, the amount of market discount may be unclear. See “Higher-Risk
Securities.”
From
time to time, a substantial portion of the Fund’s investments in loans and other debt obligations could be treated as having OID
and/or market discount, which, in some cases could be significant. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the
Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have
continued to hold.
A
portion of the OID accrued on certain high yield discount obligations may not be deductible to the issuer and will instead be treated
as a dividend paid by the issuer for purposes of the dividends-received deduction. In such cases, if the issuer of the high yield discount
obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by the Fund may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction to the extent
attributable to the deemed dividend portion of such OID.
Some
debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance may be treated as having OID or, in certain
cases, “acquisition discount” (very generally, the excess of the stated redemption price over the purchase price). The Fund
will be required to include the OID or acquisition discount in income (as ordinary income) and thus distribute it over the term of the
debt obligation, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, upon partial or full repayment or disposition
of the debt obligation. The rate at which OID or acquisition discount accrues, and thus is included in the Fund’s income, will depend
upon which of the permitted accrual methods the Fund elects.
Some
preferred securities may include provisions that permit the issuer, at its discretion, to defer the payment of distributions for a stated
period without any adverse consequences to the issuer. If the Fund owns a preferred security that is deferring the payment of its distributions,
the Fund may be required to report income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of any such deferred distributions even though
the Fund has not yet actually received the cash distribution.
In
addition, pay-in-kind obligations will, and commodity-linked notes may, give rise to income that is required to be distributed and is
taxable even though the Fund receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.
If
the Fund holds the foregoing kinds of obligations, or other obligations subject to special rules under the Code, the Fund may be required
to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received.
Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by disposition of portfolio securities, if necessary (including when
it is not advantageous to do so). The Fund may realize gains or losses from such dispositions, including short-term capital gains taxable
as ordinary income. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital
gain distribution than they might otherwise receive in the absence of such transactions.
Higher-Risk
Securities
Any
investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default may present special tax issues. Tax rules are not entirely clear about
issues such as whether or to what extent the Fund should recognize market discount on such a debt obligation, when the Fund may cease
to accrue interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent the Fund may take deductions for bad debts or worthless securities
and how the Fund should allocate payments received on obligations in default between principal and income. These and other related issues
will be addressed by the Fund when, as and if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient
income to preserve its status as a RIC and does not become subject to federal income or excise tax.
Securities
Purchased at a Premium
Very
generally, where the Fund purchases a bond at a price that exceeds the redemption price at maturity (i.e.,
at a premium), the premium is amortizable over the remaining term of the bond. In the case of a taxable bond, if the Fund makes an election
applicable to all such bonds it purchases, which election is irrevocable without consent of the IRS, the Fund reduces the current taxable
income from the bond by the amortized premium and reduces its tax basis in the bond by the amount of such offset; upon the disposition
or maturity of such bonds acquired on or after January 4, 2013, the Fund is permitted to deduct any remaining premium allocable to
a prior period. In the case of a tax-exempt bond, tax rules require the Fund to reduce its tax basis by the amount of amortized premium.
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Passive
Foreign Investment Companies
If
the Fund were to make an equity investment in certain “passive foreign investment companies” (“PFICs”) such investment
could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax (including interest charges) on distributions received from the PFIC or on proceeds
received from the disposition of shares in the PFIC. This tax cannot be eliminated by making distributions to Fund shareholders. However,
the Fund may elect to avoid imposition of that tax. For example, the Fund may elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund”
(i.e., make a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund would be required to include
its share of the company’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives any distribution from the company.
The Fund also may make an election to mark the gains (and to a limited extent losses) in such holdings “to the market” as
though it had sold (and, solely for purposes of this mark-to-market election, repurchased) its holdings in those PFICs on the last day
of the Fund’s taxable year. Such gains and losses are treated as ordinary income and loss. The QEF and mark-to-market elections
may accelerate the recognition of income (without the receipt of cash) and increase the amount required to be distributed by the Fund
to avoid taxation. Making either of these elections therefore may require the Fund to liquidate other investments (including when it is
not advantageous to do so) to meet its distribution requirement, which also may accelerate the recognition of gain and affect the Fund’s
total return. Because it is not always possible to identify a foreign corporation as a PFIC or to obtain the information necessary to
make a QEF or mark-to-market election, the Fund may incur the tax and interest charges described above in some instances.
Controlled
Foreign Corporations
If
the Fund were to invest in a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) in which it is a “U.S. Shareholder” under
the Code, the Fund would be required to include in gross income for United States federal income tax purposes the Fund’s share of
the CFC’s “subpart F income” and “global intangible low taxed income” (“GILTI”), in each case
whether or not such income is distributed by the CFC. “Subpart F income” generally includes interest, original issue discount,
dividends, net gains from the disposition of stock or securities, receipts with respect to securities loans and net payments received
with respect to equity swaps and similar derivatives. GILTI generally includes the active operating profits of the CFC, reduced by a deemed
return on the tax basis of the CFC’s depreciable tangible assets. “Subpart F income” and GILTI are generally treated
as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the CFC’s underlying income. Under final Treasury Regulations, such subpart F
and GILTI inclusions by the Fund would constitute “qualifying income” for the purposes of the 90% gross income requirement
to the extent such income is either (i) timely and currently repatriated or (ii) derived with respect to the Fund’s business of
investing in stock, securities or currencies.
Municipal
Bonds
The
interest on municipal bonds is generally exempt from U.S. federal income tax. The Fund does not expect to invest 50% or more of its assets
in municipal bonds on which the interest is exempt from U.S. federal income tax, or in interests in other regulated investment companies.
As a result, it does not expect to be eligible to pay “exempt-interest dividends” to its shareholders under the applicable
tax rules. As a result, interest on municipal bonds is taxable to shareholders of the Fund when received as a distribution from the Fund.
In addition, gains realized by the Fund on the sale or exchange of municipal bonds are taxable to shareholders of the Fund when distributed
to shareholders.
Certain
Fund Investments
The
Fund is permitted to invest up to 25% of its total assets in the aggregate in VCMIX Subsidiary, which has elected to be treated as a corporation
for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any other issuer that the Fund controls and that is engaged in the same, similar or related
trade or business. A RIC generally does not take into account income earned by a U.S. corporation in which it invests unless and until
the corporation distributes such income to the RIC as a dividend. Where a Subsidiary, such as VCMIX Subsidiary, is organized in the U.S.,
the Subsidiary generally will be liable for an entity-level U.S. federal income tax on its income from U.S. and non-U.S. sources, as well
as any applicable state taxes, which will reduce the Fund’s return on its investment in the Subsidiary. If a net loss is realized
by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income of the Fund.
Certain
Investments in REITs
Any
investment by the Fund in equity securities of REITs may result in the Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings
which could result in the Fund receiving return of capital distributions from the REIT; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions
could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities
also may require the Fund to accrue and to distribute income
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not
yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio
(including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a
REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.
Certain
Investments in REITs, including the VCMIX Sub-REIT
The
Fund intends to invest in REITs, including in the VCMIX Sub-REIT, which is a wholly-owned and controlled subsidiary that intends to be
eligible to be treated as a REIT under the Code and that may invest in certain real estate and real estate-related investments. The VCMIX
Sub-REIT intends to elect to be taxed as a REIT beginning with the first year in which it commenced material operations.
Taxation
of a REIT - In General. As long as certain requirements are met, a REIT generally is not subject to
entity-level tax on the income and gain it distributes to shareholders. In order to qualify as a REIT under the Code, a REIT must satisfy
a number of requirements on a continuing basis, including requirements regarding the composition of its assets, sources of its gross income,
distributions and stockholder ownership. The application of such requirements is not entirely clear, and it is possible that the IRS may
interpret or apply those requirements in a manner that jeopardizes the ability of a REIT to satisfy all of the requirements for qualification
as a REIT even if so intended.
Accordingly,
there can be no assurance that any REIT in which the Fund invests, including the VCMIX Sub-REIT, will always remain qualified as a REIT.
A
REIT will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates upon its taxable income or capital gain that is not distributed
to its shareholders. In addition, a REIT will be subject to a 4% excise tax if it does not satisfy specific REIT distribution requirements.
Any net income from “prohibited transactions” (i.e., dispositions of so-called “dealer property”, which is property
held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business) will be subject to a 100% tax. A REIT could also be subject to
a 100% penalty tax on certain payments received from or on certain expenses deducted by a “taxable REIT subsidiary” (a “TRS”)
if any such transaction is not respected by the IRS.
Failure
to Meet Certain REIT Tests. If a REIT fails to satisfy either of the gross income tests (described below)
but maintains its qualification as a REIT because it satisfies certain other requirements, such REIT will still generally be subject to
a 100% penalty tax on the amount by which it failed either of the gross income tests, multiplied by a fraction intended to reflect such
REIT’s profitability. If any REIT fails to satisfy any of the REIT asset tests (also described below) by more than a de minimis
amount, due to reasonable cause, and nonetheless maintains its REIT qualification because of specified cure provisions, such REIT will
be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the highest corporate tax rate multiplied by the net income generated by the
non-qualifying assets. If any REIT fails to satisfy any provision of the Code that would result in its failure to qualify as a REIT (other
than a violation of the REIT gross income or asset tests) and the violation is due to reasonable cause, such REIT may retain its REIT
qualification but it will be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.
If
any REIT fails to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year and the relief provisions described herein do not apply, such REIT
will be subject to tax on its taxable income at regular corporate rates. As a result, a failure to qualify as a REIT would significantly
reduce the cash such REIT would have available to distribute to the Fund. Unless entitled to statutory relief, a REIT would be disqualified
as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost. It is not possible to state whether a REIT
would be entitled to statutory relief.
Share
Ownership Test and Organizational Requirements. After a REIT’s first taxable year, such REIT’s
shares must be held by a minimum of 100-persons for at least 335 days of a taxable year that is 12 months, or during a proportionate part
of a taxable year of less than 12 months (the “100 shareholder test”). The Fund constitutes only one shareholder for purposes
of this requirement. In order to meet the 100-shareholder, the VCMIX Sub-REIT has approximately 100 to 125 preferred shareholders who
are “accredited investors” as defined in Regulation D of the Securities Act and are “qualified purchasers” for
purposes of the Investment Company Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. No preferred shares would be entitled to
vote except as required by law. Each preferred share entitles the holder to a preference on liquidation equal to the purchase price, plus
a preferred return thereon. As such, dividend payments to the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s preferred shareholders, along with any other expenses
of the VCMIX Sub-REIT, may reduce the amount of income payable by the VCMIX Sub-REIT to the Fund.
After
a REIT’s first taxable year, not more than 50% in value of such REIT’s shares of beneficial interest may be owned directly
(or indirectly by applying certain attribution rules) by five or fewer individuals and certain other entities
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during
the last half of any taxable year (the “50% ownership test”). In addition, a REIT must meet certain other organizational requirements,
including, but not limited to the requirements that: (i) the beneficial ownership in a REIT is evidenced by transferable shares and (ii)
such REIT is managed by a board of directors.
In
order to ensure compliance with the 100-shareholder test and the 50% share ownership test discussed above, the VCMIX Sub-REIT has placed
certain restrictions on the transfer and ownership of its equity interests intended to prevent further concentration of share ownership.
The Fund reserves the right, if it believes the VCMIX Sub-REIT is at material risk of being considered a “closely held” REIT
or otherwise failing to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to take such steps as it believes reasonably
necessary to prevent the VCMIX Sub-REIT from failing to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. These steps
might include prohibiting any transfers of shares in the Fund that would cause any single person to own more than 9.8% of the Fund’s
outstanding shares or causing shares owned by a single person in excess of 9.8% of the Fund’s outstanding shares to be transferred
to a charitable trust and/or redeemed. However, there can be no assurance such restrictions or steps taken will prevent such REIT from
failing these requirements, and thereby failing to qualify as a REIT.
Gross
Income Tests. A REIT must satisfy two gross income tests annually to maintain its qualification as a
REIT. First, at least 75% of a REIT’s gross income for each taxable year must consist of defined types of income that it derives,
directly or indirectly, from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property or qualified temporary investment income.
Qualifying income for purposes of that 75% gross income test generally includes: rents from real property; interest on debt secured by
mortgages on real property, or on interests in real property; dividends or other distributions on, and gain from the sale of, shares in
other REITs; gain from the sale of real estate assets (however, excluding gain or interest from a debt instrument of a publicly offered
REIT unless secured by real property); income and gain derived from foreclosure property; and income derived from certain temporary investments
of new capital.
Second,
in general, at least 95% of a REIT’s gross income for each taxable year must consist of income that is qualifying income for purposes
of the 75% gross income test, other types of interest and dividends, gain from the sale or disposition of shares or securities, or any
combination of these. Cancellation of indebtedness income and gross income from the sale of property that a REIT holds primarily for sale
to customers in the ordinary course of business is excluded from both the numerator and the denominator in both gross income tests. In
addition, income and gain from “hedging transactions” that a REIT enters into to hedge indebtedness incurred or to be incurred
to acquire or carry real estate assets and that are clearly and timely identified as such will be excluded from both the numerator and
the denominator for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests.
If
a REIT fails to satisfy one or both of the gross income tests for any taxable year, it may nevertheless qualify as a REIT for the year
if it is entitled to relief under certain provisions of the Code. In this case, a penalty tax would still be applicable as discussed above.
Generally, it is not possible to state whether in all circumstances a REIT would be entitled to the benefit of these relief provisions.
Asset
Tests. To qualify as a REIT, a REIT also must satisfy the following asset tests at the end of each quarter
of each taxable year.
|
• |
First, at least 75% of
the value of a REIT’s total assets must consist of: cash or cash items, including certain receivables, certain money market funds
and, in certain circumstances, foreign currencies; government securities; interests in real property, including leaseholds and options
to acquire real property and leaseholds; interests in mortgage loans secured by real property; stock in other REITs and debt instruments
issued by “publicly offered REITs”; investments in stock or debt instruments during the one-year period following a REIT’s
receipt of new capital that it raises through equity offerings or public offerings of debt with at least a five-year term; and generally
regular or residual interests in a real estate mortgage investment conduit (“REMIC”) (the “75% asset test”). |
|
• |
Second, of a REIT’s
investments not included in the 75% asset class, the value of a REIT’s interest in any one issuer’s securities may not exceed
5% of the value of a REIT’s total assets, or the 5% asset test. |
|
• |
Third, of a REIT’s
investments not included in the 75% asset class, a REIT may not own more than 10% of the voting power of any one issuer’s outstanding
securities or 10% of the value of any one issuer’s outstanding securities, or the 10% vote test or 10% value test, respectively.
|
|
• |
Fourth, no more than
20% of the value of a REIT’s total assets may consist of the securities of one or more TRSs. |
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|
• |
Fifth, no more than 25%
of the value of a REIT’s total assets may consist of securities (including securities of TRSs) that are not qualifying assets for
purposes of the 75% asset test. |
|
• |
Sixth, not more than
25% of the value of a REIT’s total assets may consist of debt instruments issued by “publicly offered REITs” to the
extent not secured by real property or interests in real property. |
The
Fund intends to monitor the status of assets held by the VCMIX Sub-REIT for purposes of the various asset tests and intends to manage
the VCMIX Sub-REIT’s portfolio in order to comply at all times with such tests. If a REIT fails to satisfy the asset tests at the
end of a calendar quarter, such REIT will not lose its REIT qualification if it is eligible for and satisfies certain cure procedures
available under the Code. However, there can be no assurance that any REIT in which the Fund invests, including the VCMIX Sub-REIT, will
not fail to comply with such tests or if it does, be eligible for or able to satisfy any such cure procedures.
Annual
Distribution Requirements. To qualify as a REIT, a REIT is generally required to make distributions
(or be deemed to have done so by declaring consent dividends - which would result in the REIT’s shareholders (such as, in the case
of the VCMIX Sub-REIT, the Fund) recognizing income without a corresponding cash distribution) other than capital gain distributions (see
discussion below regarding a REIT’s ability to retain capital gains), to its shareholders each year in an amount at least equal
to 90% of a REIT’s taxable income.
The
VCMIX Sub-REIT intends to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy its annual distribution requirements. In the event the amount
of cash distributed to its shareholders is insufficient to meet the 90% distribution requirement, a REIT may declare a consent dividend
in order to meet such requirement. A consent dividend is a hypothetical distribution to a REIT’s common shareholders (including,
the Fund) which is required to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as an actual distribution by a REIT, followed by an immediate
re-contribution of such amount to a REIT. The amount of any consent dividend must be included in the gross income of each shareholder
of a REIT (including, the Fund) that would have been entitled to receive such distribution if made in cash. Any phantom income recognized
by the Fund from a consent dividend would be includible in the Fund’s gross income and accordingly generally the Fund will be required
to distribute a corresponding amount to its shareholders.
To
the extent that a REIT does not distribute all of its net capital gain or distributes at least 90%, but less than 100% of its REIT taxable
income, as adjusted, such REIT would be subject to tax on these amounts at regular corporate rates and would be subject to potential excise
tax penalties, as discussed above (see “Taxation of a REIT - In General”). A REIT may elect to retain rather than distribute
all or a portion of its net capital gains and pay the tax on the gains. In that case, such REIT may elect to have its shareholders include
their proportionate share of the undistributed net capital gains in income as long-term capital gains and receive a credit for their share
of the tax paid by such REIT. For purposes of the 4% excise tax described above, any retained amounts would be treated as having been
distributed.
Foreign
Currency Transactions
The
Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and certain futures contracts and forward
contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations
in the value of the foreign currency concerned. Any such net gains could require a larger dividend toward the end of the calendar year.
Any such net losses will generally reduce and potentially require the recharacterization of prior ordinary income distributions and may
accelerate Fund distributions to shareholders and increase the distributions taxed to shareholders as ordinary income. Any net ordinary
losses so created cannot be carried forward by the Fund to offset income or gains earned in subsequent taxable years.
Forward
Contracts
The
tax treatment of certain positions entered into by the Fund, including regulated futures contracts and certain foreign currency positions,
will be governed by section 1256 of the Code (“section 1256 contracts”). Gains or losses on section 1256 contracts generally
are considered 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gains or losses (“60/40”), although certain foreign currency gains
and losses from such contracts may be treated as ordinary in character. Also, section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of each
taxable year (and, for purposes of the 4% excise tax, on certain other dates as prescribed under the Code) are “marked-to-market”
with the result that unrealized gains or losses are treated as though they were realized and the resulting gain or loss is treated as
ordinary or 60/40 gain or loss, as applicable.
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Private
Funds
The
Fund may invest in Private Funds that are classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
An
entity that is properly classified as a partnership, rather than an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation,
is not itself subject to federal income tax. Instead, each partner of the partnership must take into account its distributive share of
the partnership’s income, gains, losses, deductions and credits (including all such items allocable to that partnership from investments
in other partnerships) for each taxable year of the partnership ending with or within the partner’s taxable year, without regard
to whether such partner has received or will receive corresponding cash distributions from the partnership. As such, the Fund may be required
to recognize items of taxable income and gain prior to the time that the Fund receives corresponding cash distributions from the Private
Fund. In such case, the Fund might have to borrow money or dispose of investments, including interests in other Private Funds, including
when it is disadvantageous to do so, in order to make the distributions required in order to maintain its status as a RIC and to avoid
the imposition of a federal income or excise tax.
In
addition, the character of a partner’s distributive share of items of partnership income, gain and loss generally will be determined
as if the partner had realized such items directly. Private Funds classified as partnerships for federal income tax purposes may therefore
generate income allocable to the Fund that is not qualifying income for purposes of the 90% gross income test described above. In order
to meet the 90% gross income test, the Fund may structure its investments in a way potentially increasing the taxes imposed thereon or
in respect thereof.
Because
the Fund may not have timely or complete information concerning the amount and sources of such a Private Fund’s income until such
income has been earned by the Private Fund or until a substantial amount of time thereafter, it may be difficult for the Fund to satisfy
the 90% gross income test.
Furthermore,
it may not always be clear how the asset diversification rules for RIC qualification will apply to the Fund’s investments in Private
Funds that are classified as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. In the event that the Fund believes that it is possible that
it will fail the asset diversification requirement at the end of any quarter of a taxable year, it may seek to take certain actions to
avert such failure, including by acquiring additional investments to come into compliance with the asset diversification test or by disposing
of non-diversified assets. Although the Code affords the Fund the opportunity, in certain circumstances, to cure a failure to meet the
asset diversification test, including by disposing of non-diversified assets within six months, there may be constraints on the Fund’s
ability to dispose of its interest in a Private Fund that limit utilization of this cure period.
As
a result of the considerations described in the preceding paragraphs, the Fund’s intention to qualify and be eligible for treatment
as a RIC can limit its ability to acquire or continue to hold positions in Private Funds that would otherwise be consistent with its investment
strategy or can require it to engage in transactions in which it would otherwise not engage, resulting in additional transaction costs
and reducing the Fund’s return to shareholders. The Fund’s investment in Private Funds may also adversely bear on the Fund’s
ability to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
Unless
otherwise indicated, references in this discussion to the Fund’s investments, activities, income, gain, and loss include, as applicable,
the investments, activities, income, gain, and loss attributable to the Fund as result of the Fund’s investment in any Private Fund
or other entity that is properly classified as a partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and not an association
or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation).
Investments
in Other RICs
The
Fund’s investment in shares of other mutual funds, ETFs or other companies that qualify as regulated investment companies (each,
an “underlying RIC”), can cause the Fund to be required to distribute greater amounts of net investment income or net capital
gain than the Fund would have distributed had it invested directly in the securities held by the underlying RIC, rather than in shares
of the underlying RIC. Further, the amount or timing of distributions from the Fund qualifying for treatment as a particular character
(e.g., long-term capital gain, exempt interest, eligible for dividends-received deduction, etc.)
will not necessarily be the same as it would have been had the Fund invested directly in the securities held by the underlying RIC.
Derivatives,
Hedging, and Other Transactions
In
addition to the special rules described above in respect of futures transactions, the Fund’s transactions in other derivatives instruments
(e.g., forward contracts), as well as any of its hedging transactions, may be subject to one
or more special tax rules. These rules may affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary
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or
capital, accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, and cause adjustments in the holding periods
of the Fund’s securities, thereby affecting, among other things, whether capital gains and losses are treated as short-term or long-term.
These rules could, therefore, affect the amount, timing and/or character of distributions to shareholders. Because these and other tax
rules applicable to these types of transactions are in some cases uncertain under current law, an adverse determination or future guidance
by the IRS with respect to these rules (which determination or guidance could be retroactive) may affect whether the Fund has made sufficient
distributions, and otherwise satisfied the relevant requirements, to maintain its qualification as a RIC and avoid a fund-level tax.
Book-Tax
Differences
Certain
of the Fund’s investments in derivative instruments and foreign currency-denominated instruments, and any of the Fund’s transactions
in foreign currencies and hedging activities, are likely to produce a difference between its book income and the sum of its taxable income
and net tax-exempt income (if any). If such a difference arises, and the Fund’s book income is less than the sum of its taxable
income and net tax-exempt income (if any), the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a RIC
that is accorded special tax treatment and to avoid an entity-level tax. In the alternative, if the Fund’s book income exceeds the
sum of its taxable income (including realized capital gains) and net tax-exempt income (if any), the distribution (if any) of such excess
generally will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund’s remaining earnings and profits, (ii) thereafter, as a return
of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its shares, and (iii) thereafter as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital
asset.
Mortgage-Related
Securities
The
Fund may invest directly or indirectly in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) (including by investing in residual
interests in collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) with respect to which an election to be treated as a REMIC is in
effect) or equity interests in taxable mortgage pools (“TMPs”). Under a notice issued by the IRS in October 2006 and
Treasury regulations that have yet to be issued but may apply retroactively, a portion of the Fund’s income (including income allocated
to the Fund from a REIT or other pass-through entity) that is attributable to a residual interest in a REMIC or an equity interest in
a TMP — referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”— will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in all events.
This notice also provides, and the regulations are expected to provide, that excess inclusion income of a RIC, such as the Fund, will
be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if
the shareholders held the related interest directly. As a result, the Fund may not be a suitable investment for charitable remainder trusts
(“CRTs”), as noted below.
In
general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception
for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) to entities (including a
qualified pension plan, an IRA, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on UBTI, thereby potentially requiring
such an entity that is allocated excess inclusion income and otherwise might not be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return,
to file such a tax return and pay tax on such income, and (iii) in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction
in U.S. federal withholding tax. A shareholder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such inclusions notwithstanding any exemption
from such income tax otherwise available under the Code.
Foreign
(Non-U.S.) Taxation
Income,
proceeds and gains received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by
such countries, which will reduce the return on those investments. Tax treaties between certain countries and the United States may reduce
or eliminate such taxes.
The
Fund does not expect that shareholders will be entitled to claim a credit or deduction for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect
to foreign taxes paid by the Fund; in that case the foreign tax will nonetheless reduce the Fund’s taxable income. Even if the Fund
were eligible to and did elect to pass through to its shareholders foreign tax credits or deductions, tax-exempt shareholders and those
who invest in the Fund through tax-advantaged accounts such as IRAs would not benefit from any such tax credit or deduction.
Tax-exempt
Shareholders
Income
of a RIC that would be UBTI if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity will not generally be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt shareholder
of the RIC. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment
in the Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands
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of
the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b). A tax-exempt shareholder may also recognize UBTI if the Fund
recognizes “excess inclusion income” derived from direct or indirect investments in residual interests in REMICs or equity
interests in TMPs as described above, if the amount of such income recognized by the Fund exceeds the Fund’s investment company
taxable income (after taking into account deductions for dividends paid by the Fund).
In
addition, special tax consequences apply to CRTs that invest in regulated investment companies that invest directly or indirectly in residual
interests in REMICs or equity interests in TMPs. Under legislation enacted in December 2006, if a CRT, as defined in Section 664
of the Code, realizes any UBTI for a taxable year, a 100% excise tax is imposed on such UBTI. Under IRS guidance issued in October 2006,
a CRT will not recognize UBTI solely as a result of investing in a RIC that recognizes “excess inclusion income.” Rather,
if at any time during any taxable year a CRT (or one of certain other tax-exempt shareholders, such as the United States, a state or political
subdivision, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, and certain energy cooperatives) is a record holder of a share in a RIC that recognizes
“excess inclusion income,” then the RIC will be subject to a tax on that portion of its “excess inclusion income”
for the taxable year that is allocable to such shareholders at the highest federal corporate income tax rate. The extent to which this
IRS guidance remains applicable in light of the December 2006 legislation is unclear. To the extent permitted under the Investment
Company Act, the Fund may elect to specially allocate any such tax to the applicable CRT, or other shareholder, and thus reduce such shareholder’s
distributions for the year by the amount of the tax that relates to such shareholder’s interest in the Fund. CRTs and other tax-exempt
shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors concerning the consequences of investing in the Fund.
Non-U.S.
Shareholders
Distributions
by the Fund to shareholders that are not “United States persons” within the meaning of the Code (“foreign shareholders”)
properly reported by the Fund as (1) Capital Gain Dividends, (2) short-term capital gain dividends, or (3) interest-related dividends,
each as defined and subject to certain conditions described below generally are not subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax.
In
general, the Code defines (1) “short-term capital gain dividends” as distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess
of net long-term capital losses and (2) “interest-related dividends” as distributions from U.S. source interest income of
types similar to those not subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by an individual foreign shareholder, in each case to
the extent such distributions are properly reported as such by the Fund in a written notice to shareholders. The exceptions to withholding
for Capital Gain Dividends and short-term capital gain dividends do not apply to (A) distributions to an individual foreign shareholder
who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the distribution and (B) distributions
attributable to gain that is effectively connected with the conduct by the foreign shareholder of a trade or business within the United
States under special rules regarding the disposition of U.S. real property interests as described below. The exception to withholding
for interest-related dividends does not apply to distributions to a foreign shareholder (A) that has not provided a satisfactory statement
that the beneficial owner is not a United States person, (B) to the extent that the dividend is attributable to certain interest on an
obligation if the foreign shareholder is the issuer or is a 10% shareholder of the issuer, (C) that is within certain foreign countries
that have inadequate information exchange with the United States, or (D) to the extent the dividend is attributable to interest paid by
a person that is a related person of the foreign shareholder and the foreign shareholder is a controlled foreign corporation.
If
the Fund invests in a RIC that pays such distributions to the Fund, such distributions retain their character as not subject to withholding
if properly reported when paid by the Fund to foreign shareholders. The Fund is permitted to report such part of its dividends as interest-related
or short-term capital gain dividends as are eligible, but is not required to do so. In the case of shares held through an intermediary,
the intermediary may withhold even if the Fund reports all or a portion of a payment as an interest-related or short-term capital gain
dividend to shareholders.
Foreign
shareholders should contact their intermediaries regarding the application of withholding rules to their accounts.
Distributions
by the Fund to foreign shareholders other than Capital Gain Dividends, short-term capital gain dividends, and interest-related dividends
(e.g., dividends attributable to dividend and foreign-source interest income or to short-term
capital gains or U.S. source interest income to which the exception from withholding described above does not apply) are generally subject
to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate).
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A
foreign shareholder is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a deduction for losses) realized
on the sale of shares of the Fund unless (i) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the foreign shareholder of a trade
or business within the United States, (ii) in the case of a foreign shareholder that is an individual, the shareholder is present in the
United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale and certain other conditions are met, or
(iii) the special rules relating to gain attributable to the sale or exchange of “U.S. real property interests” (“USRPIs”)
apply to the foreign shareholder’s sale of shares of the Fund (as described below).
Foreign
shareholders with respect to whom income from the Fund is effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by the foreign shareholder
within the United States will in general be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income derived from the Fund at the graduated rates
applicable to U.S. citizens, residents or domestic corporations, whether such income is received in cash or reinvested in shares of the
Fund and, in the case of a foreign corporation, may also be subject to a branch profits tax. If a foreign shareholder is eligible for
the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis
only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States. More generally, foreign
shareholders who are residents in a country with an income tax treaty with the United States may obtain different tax results than those
described herein, and are urged to consult their tax advisors.
Special
rules would apply if the Fund were a qualified investment entity (“QIE”) because it is either a “U.S. real property
holding corporation” (“USRPHC”) or would be a USRPHC but for the operation of certain exceptions to the definition thereof.
Very generally, a USRPHC is a domestic corporation that holds USRPIs the fair market value of which equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of
the fair market values of the corporation’s USRPIs, interests in real property located outside the United States, and other trade
or business assets. USRPIs are generally defined as any interest in U.S. real property and any interest (other than solely as a creditor)
in a USRPHC or, very generally, an entity that has been a USRPHC in the last five years. A RIC that holds, directly or indirectly, significant
interests in REITs may be a USRPHC. Interests in domestically controlled QIEs, including REITs and regulated investment companies that
are QIEs, not-greater-than-10% interests in publicly traded classes of stock in REITs and not-greater-than-5% interests in publicly traded
classes of stock in regulated investment companies generally are not USRPIs, but these exceptions do not apply for purposes of determining
whether the Fund is a QIE.
If
an interest in the Fund were a USRPI, the Fund would be required to withhold U.S. tax on the proceeds of a share redemption by a greater-than-5%
foreign shareholder or any foreign shareholder if shares of the Fund are not considered regularly traded on an established securities
market, in which case such foreign shareholder generally would also be required to file a U.S. tax return and pay any additional taxes
due in connection with the redemption.
If
the Fund were a QIE, under a special “look-through” rule, any distributions by the Fund to a foreign shareholder (including,
in certain cases, distributions made by the Fund in redemption of its shares) attributable directly or indirectly to (i) distributions
received by the Fund from a lower-tier RIC or REIT that the Fund is required to treat as USRPI gain in its hands, or (ii) gains realized
by the Fund on the disposition of USRPIs would retain their character as gains realized from USRPIs in the hands of the Fund’s foreign
shareholders, and would be subject to U.S. withholding tax. In addition, such distributions could result in the foreign shareholder being
required to file a U.S. tax return and pay tax on the distributions at regular U.S. federal income tax rates. The consequences to a foreign
shareholder, including the rate of such withholding and character of such distributions (e.g.,
as ordinary income or USRPI gain), would vary depending upon the extent of the foreign shareholder’s current and past ownership
of the Fund.
Foreign
shareholders should consult their tax advisers and, if holding shares through intermediaries, their intermediaries, concerning the application
of these rules to their investment in the Fund.
Foreign
shareholders also may be subject to “wash sale” rules to prevent the avoidance of the tax-filing and -payment obligations
discussed above through the sale and repurchase of Fund shares.
In
order for a foreign shareholder to qualify for any exemptions from withholding described above or for lower withholding tax rates under
income tax treaties, or to establish an exemption from backup withholding, a foreign shareholder must comply with special certification
and filing requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or substitute
form). Foreign shareholders should consult their tax advisors in this regard.
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Special
rules (including withholding and reporting requirements) apply to foreign partnerships and those holding Fund shares through foreign partnerships.
Additional considerations may apply to foreign trusts and estates. Investors holding Fund shares through foreign entities should consult
their tax advisers about their particular situation.
A
foreign shareholder may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the U.S. federal income
tax referred to above.
A
beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition
to the U.S. federal tax on income referred to above.
Backup
Withholding
The
Fund is generally required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of taxable distributions and redemption proceeds paid
to any individual shareholder who fails to properly furnish the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported
dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Fund that he or she is not subject to such withholding. Backup withholding
is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability provided
the appropriate information is furnished to the IRS.
Tax
Shelter Reporting Regulations
Under
U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million
or more for a corporate shareholder (or a greater loss over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure
statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement,
but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting
requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations
does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their
tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Other
Reporting and Withholding Requirements
Sections
1471-1474 of the Code and the U.S. Treasury and IRS guidance issued thereunder (collectively, “FATCA”) generally require the
Fund to obtain information sufficient to identify the status of each of its shareholders under FATCA or under an applicable intergovernmental
agreement (an “IGA”) between the United States and a foreign government. If a shareholder fails to provide the requested information
or otherwise fails to comply with FATCA or an IGA, the Fund may be required to withhold under FATCA at a rate of 30% with respect to that
shareholder on ordinary dividends it pays. The IRS and Department of Treasury have issued proposed regulations providing that these withholding
rules will not be applicable to the gross proceeds of share redemptions or Capital Gain Dividends the Fund pays. If a payment by the Fund
is subject to FATCA withholding, the Fund is required to withhold even if such payment would otherwise be exempt from withholding under
the rules applicable to foreign shareholders described above (e.g., short-term capital gain
dividends and interest-related dividends).
Shareholders
that are U.S. persons and own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the Fund could be required to report annually their “financial
interest” in the Fund’s foreign financial accounts, if any, on FinCEN Form 114, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial
Accounts (FBAR). Shareholders should consult a tax advisor, and persons investing in the Fund through an intermediary should contact their
intermediary, regarding the applicability to them of this reporting requirement.
Each
prospective investor is urged to consult its tax adviser regarding the applicability of FATCA and any other reporting requirements with
respect to the prospective investor’s own situation, including investments through an intermediary.
Shares
Purchased Through Tax-Qualified Plans
Special
tax rules apply to investments through defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax
advisers to determine the suitability of shares of the Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of an investment
on their particular tax situation.
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When
effecting portfolio transactions on behalf of the Fund, the Adviser seeks to obtain the best overall terms available for the Fund. While
the Adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive spreads or commissions, the Fund will not necessarily be paying the lowest spread or
commission available. In assessing the best overall terms available for any transaction, the Adviser considers factors deemed relevant,
including: (i) the nature, size and type of the security being traded and the character of the markets for which the security will be
purchased or sold; (ii) the activity, existing and expected, in the market for the particular security and the desired timing of the trade;
(iii) the proposed transaction price as compared to the current carrying cost of the investment; (iv) the speed and likelihood of execution;
(v) the liquidity profile of the investment; (vi) the ability of a broker-dealer to maintain confidentiality, including trade
anonymity; (vii) the quality of the execution, clearance, and settlement services of a broker-dealer; (viii) the liquidity needs, allocation
requirements and investment guidelines of the broader Fund portfolio; and (ix) the ability to redeem or purchase shares directly from
the issuer.
Each
Sub-Adviser is directly responsible for the execution of its portfolio investment transactions on behalf of the Fund and the allocation
of brokerage. Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges and on some foreign stock exchanges involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions.
On the great majority of foreign stock exchanges, commissions are fixed. No stated commission is generally applicable to securities traded
in over-the-counter markets, but the prices of those securities include undisclosed commissions or mark-ups.
In
executing transactions, each Sub-Adviser will seek to obtain the best execution for the transactions, and may take into account factors
such as price, size of order, difficulty of execution and operational facilities of a brokerage firm, and in the case of transactions
effected by the Sub-Adviser with unaffiliated brokers, the firm’s risk in positioning a block of securities. Although each Sub-Adviser
generally will seek reasonably competitive commission rates, a Sub-Adviser will not necessarily pay the lowest commission available on
each transaction. The Sub-Advisers will have no obligation to deal with any broker or group of brokers in executing transactions in portfolio
securities.
Following
the principle of seeking best execution, a Sub-Adviser may place brokerage business on behalf of the Fund with brokers that provide the
Sub-Adviser and its affiliates with supplemental research, market and statistical information (“soft dollars”), including
advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of securities
or purchasers or sellers of securities, and furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors
and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts. The expenses of the Sub-Adviser are not necessarily reduced as a result
of the receipt of this supplemental information, which may be useful to the Sub-Adviser or its affiliates in providing services to clients
other than the Fund. In addition, not all of the supplemental information is used by the Sub-Adviser in connection with the Fund. Conversely,
the information provided to the Sub-Adviser by brokers and dealers through which other clients of the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates effect
securities transactions may be useful to the Sub-Adviser in providing services to the Fund.
Each
Sub-Adviser may execute portfolio brokerage transactions through its affiliates and affiliates of the Adviser, in each case subject to
compliance with the Investment Company Act.
Regular
Broker Dealers
The
Fund is required to identify the securities of its regular brokers or dealers (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the Investment
Company Act) or their parent companies held by the Fund as of the close of its most recent fiscal year and state the value of such holdings.
As of the date of this SAI, the Fund did not hold any securities of its regular brokers or dealers or their parent companies.
Brokerage
Commissions
The
table below sets forth information concerning the payment of brokerage commissions (which do not include dealer “spreads”
(markups or markdowns) on principal trades) in connection with portfolio transactions executed by the Fund’s Adviser and Sub-Advisers
for the indicated fiscal years. None of these amounts were paid to any broker affiliated with the Adviser or relevant Sub-Adviser.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Portion
of Fund managed by the Adviser |
|
|
$320,499 |
|
|
$0 |
|
|
$276,901
|
|
|
|
Portion
of the Fund managed by Security Capital |
|
|
$84,787 |
|
|
$106,915 |
|
|
$198,341
|
|
|
|
Portion
of the Fund managed by PrinREI |
|
|
$90,354 |
|
|
$170,177 |
|
|
$240,940
|
|
|
|
Total(1) |
|
|
$495,640 |
|
|
$277,092 |
|
|
$716,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
Fiscal
year ending 3/31 |
|
(1)
|
The
increase in brokerage commissions in 2024 as compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 and the decrease in brokerage commissions
in 2024 as compared to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 is due to an increase in trading activities and lower net inflows, respectively.
|
The
Adviser
The
Adviser does not enter into soft dollar arrangements.
Security
Capital
Security
Capital’s overall objective in effecting client transactions is to seek to obtain best execution. Brokers utilized to execute a
client trade must be on the list of approved counterparties that is prepared and maintained by the JPMorgan Asset Management Counterparty
Risk Group. Security Capital’s trading processes are designed to reduce the cost of transactions and capitalize on market opportunities.
To achieve these objectives, Security Capital’s in-house trader communicates with the market makers in real estate securities, focuses
on liquidity trends and identifies trading opportunities. Best execution determinations may include the following: research provided,
price, brokerage commission rates, promptness of execution, ability of the broker to execute, clear and settle, confidentiality provided
by broker, market coverage provided by broker including access to public offerings, financial responsibility and responsiveness, and consistent
quality of service from broker.
Security
Capital does not enter into soft dollar arrangements. However, Security Capital does receive or have access to research generally made
available by a broker to its trading clients. In addition, Security Capital does consider the value-added quality of proprietary research
received from brokers in allocating trades to brokers that may result in its clients paying higher rates of commissions than might be
available from other broker-dealers or through the use of alternative trading systems. During the last fiscal year, Security Capital,
through an internal allocation procedure, directed the Fund’s brokerage transactions to brokers providing research services in the
amount of $149.9 million in transactions and $0.1 million in related commissions.
PrinREI
PrinREI
pays for some services with soft dollars however it generally limits its participation in these arrangements annually to an amount that,
in its judgment, ensures best execution of client transactions. It is their policy to use all soft dollar credits generated by brokerage
commissions attributable to client accounts in a manner consistent with the “safe harbor” established by Section 28(e)
of the Securities Exchange Act. During the last fiscal year, PrinREI, through an internal allocation procedure, directed the Fund’s
brokerage through multiple brokers in the amount of approximately $100.2 million in transactions and $90,354 in related commissions, of
which $48,175 in commissions went towards research services.
The
Fund’s audited financial statements appearing in the Fund’s Annual Report on Form N-CSR for the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2024 are incorporated by reference in this Statement of Additional Information and have been so incorporated in reliance
upon the report of Grant Thornton LLP, independent registered public accounting firm for the
Fund, whose report is included in such Annual Report. The Fund’s unaudited financial statements appearing in the Fund’s
Semi-Annual Report on Form N-CSR for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2024 are incorporated by reference in this Statement
of Additional Information.
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APPENDIX
A – PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
Versus
Capital Advisors - Proxy Voting Policy
Most
Recently Revised: May 20, 2024
Background
Rules
206(4)-6 and 204-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Adviser’s Act”) help regulate proxy voting by investment
advisers with authority to vote their clients’ proxies. Under the Advisers Act, an adviser is a fiduciary that owes each of its
clients the duties of care and loyalty with respect to all services undertaken on the client's behalf. To satisfy its duty of loyalty,
the adviser should cast proxy votes in a way that will advance the best interest of its client. The adviser should not put its own interests
ahead of the client’s. Under Rule 206(4)-6, it is a fraudulent, deceptive, or manipulative act, practice or course of business for
investment advisers to exercise voting authority over client proxies unless they:
|
• |
Adopt and implement written
policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the adviser votes proxies in the client’s best interest; |
|
• |
Disclose to clients how
they may obtain information regarding how their proxies were voted; and |
|
• |
Describe proxy voting
policies and procedures and furnish a copy of the policies and procedures to the client when requested to do so. |
Policies
and Procedures
Voting
Guidelines
Versus
Capital (the “Company”) may be delegated the authority to vote proxies on behalf of its clients, which as of the date of this
policy include private charitable trusts established as pooled income funds (“PIFs”) under Section 642(c)(5) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and closed-end interval funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Registered
Funds”, and collectively with the PIFs referred herein as “Clients”). The PIFs are managed for the benefit of a single
non-profit entity (the “Non-Profit”), and the Non-Profit votes all proxies of the underlying mutual funds held by each PIF.
For the Registered Funds, the Company is delegated the authority to vote proxies and in turn delegates its authority to vote proxies of
publicly traded securities managed by sub-advisers to each respective sub-adviser, subject to Board approval and ongoing oversight of
the proxy voting policies and procedures of each Sub-Adviser. If an issuer of a direct investment or a private institutional investment
fund held by a Registered Fund submits a matter for a vote, the Company will vote on the matter in a way that it believes is in the best
interest of the Registered Fund and in accordance with the following proxy voting guidelines (the “Voting Guidelines”):
|
• |
In voting proxies, the
Company is guided by general fiduciary principles. The Company’s goal is to act prudently, solely in the best interest of its Clients.
|
|
• |
The Company attempts
to consider all factors of its vote that could affect the value of the investment and will vote proxies in the manner that it believes
will be consistent with efforts to maximize shareholder value. |
|
• |
The Company, absent particular
reason, will generally vote with management’s recommendations on routine matters. Other matters will be voted on a case-by-case
basis. |
The
Company applies its Voting Guidelines in a manner designed to identify and address material conflicts that may arise between the Company’s
interests and those of its Clients before voting proxies on behalf of such Clients. Versus Capital relies on the following to seek to
identify conflicts of interest with respect to proxy voting and assess their materiality:
|
• |
The Company’s employees
are under an obligation (i) to be aware of the potential for conflicts of interest on the part of the Company with respect to voting proxies
on behalf of Clients, both as a result of an employee’s personal relationships and due to special circumstances that may arise during
the conduct of the Company’s business, and (ii) to bring conflicts of interest of which they become aware to the attention of the
Company’s Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”). |
|
• |
The CCO works with appropriate
personnel of the Company to determine whether an identified conflict of interest is material. A conflict of interest will be considered
material to the extent that it is determined that |
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such
conflict has the potential to influence the Company’s decision making in voting the proxy. All materiality determinations will be
based on an assessment of the particular facts and circumstances. The Company shall maintain a written record of all materiality determinations.
|
• |
If it is determined that
a conflict of interest is not material, the Company may vote proxies notwithstanding the existence of the conflict. |
|
• |
If it is determined that
a conflict of interest is material, the Company may seek legal assistance from appropriate counsel for the Company to determine a method
to resolve such conflict of interest before voting proxies affected by the conflict of interest. Such methods may include: |
|
• |
disclosing the conflict
to a Client’s Board and obtaining the consent from a Client’s Board before voting; |
|
• |
engaging another party on
behalf of a Client to vote the proxy on its behalf; |
|
• |
engaging a third-party
to recommend a vote with respect to the proxy based on application of the policies set forth herein; or |
|
• |
such other method as is
deemed appropriate under the circumstances given the nature of the conflict. |
Books
and Records
The
Company’s CCO is responsible for ensuring the appropriate books and records are maintained for each proxy voted on behalf of a client
when the Company has proxy voting authority. As the Registered Funds’ investments in publicly traded securities are generally the
responsibility of each Fund’s sub-advisers, all sub-advisers will be contractually required to maintain the necessary books and
records and will be asked to certify to this fact on a periodic basis. In the event the Company directly votes a proxy, appropriate records
will be maintained in accordance with Rule 204-2, including:
|
• |
Copies of all policies and
procedures required by Rule 206(4)-6. |
|
• |
A copy of each proxy
statement that the investment adviser receives regarding a Client’s securities. (An adviser may satisfy this requirement by relying
on a third-party, such as a proxy voting service, or the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (EDGAR) system.)
|
|
• |
A record of each vote
cast by the Company on behalf of a Client. (The Company may satisfy this requirement by relying on a third-party service to provide these
records. The third party should be capable of providing documents promptly upon request.) |
|
• |
A copy of any document
created by the Company that was material in making a decision on how to vote proxies on a Client’s behalf or that articulates the
basis for that decision. |
|
• |
A copy of each written
Client request for information on how the Company voted proxies on the Client’s behalf, as well as a copy of any written response
by the Company to any written or oral client request for information. |
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Principal
Global Investors
Proxy
Voting Policies and Procedures
Introduction
Principal
Global Investors1 (“PGI”) is an investment adviser registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”). As a registered investment adviser,
PGI has a fiduciary duty to act in the best interests of its clients. PGI recognizes that this duty requires it to vote client securities,
for which it has voting power on the applicable record date, in a timely manner and make voting decisions that are in the best interests
of its clients. This document, Principal Global Investors’ Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the “Policy”) is intended
to comply with the requirements of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974 applicable to the voting of the proxies of both US and non-US issuers on behalf of PGI’s clients who
have delegated such authority and discretion.
Effective
January 1, 2021, Finisterre Investment Teams adopted the policies and procedures in the Adviser’s compliance manual except
for the following proxy polices and procedures. Finisterre Investment Teams will continue to follow the previously adopted proxy polices
and procedures until amended. Please see the Appendix to the compliance manual for Finisterre specific proxy policies and procedures.
Relationship
between Investment Strategy, ESG and Proxy Voting
PGI
has a fiduciary duty to make investment decisions that are in its clients’ best interests by maximizing the value of their shares.
Proxy voting is an important part of this process through which PGI can support strong corporate governance structures, shareholder rights
and transparency. PGI also believes a company’s positive environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) practices may
influence the value of the company, leading to long-term shareholder value. PGI may take these factors into considerations when voting
proxies in its effort to seek the best outcome for its clients. PGI believes that the integration of consideration of ESG practices in
PGI’s investment process helps identify sources of risk that could erode the long-term investment results it seeks on behalf of
its clients. From time to time, PGI may work with various ESG-related organizations to engage issuers or advocate for greater levels
of disclosure.
Roles
and Responsibilities
Role
of the Proxy Voting Committee
PGI’s
Proxy Voting Committee (the “Proxy Voting Committee”) shall (i) oversee the voting of proxies and the Proxy Advisory Firm,
(ii) where necessary, make determinations as to how to instruct the vote on certain specific proxies, (iii) verify ongoing compliance
with the Policy, (iv) review the business practices of the Proxy Advisory Firm and (v) evaluate, maintain, and review the Policy
on an annual basis. The Proxy Voting Committee is comprised of representatives of each investment team and a representative from PGI Risk,
Legal, Operations, and Compliance will be available to advise the Proxy Voting Committee but are non-voting members. The Proxy Voting
Committee may designate one or more of its members to oversee specific, ongoing compliance with respect to the Policy and may designate
personnel to instruct the vote on proxies on behalf the PGI’s clients (collectively, “Authorized Persons”).
The
Proxy Voting Committee shall meet at least four times per year, and as necessary to address special situations.
Role
of Portfolio Management
While
the Proxy Voting Committee establishes the Guidelines and Procedures, the Proxy Voting Committee does not direct votes for any client
except in certain cases where a conflict of interest exists. Each investment team is responsible for determining how to vote proxies for
those securities held in the portfolios their team manages. While investment teams generally vote consistently with the Guidelines, there
may be instances where their vote deviates from the Guidelines. In those circumstances, the investment team will work within the Exception
Process. In some instances, the same security may be held by more than one investment team. In these cases, PGI may vote differently on
the same matter for different accounts as determined by each investment team.
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Proxy
Voting Guidelines
The
Proxy Voting Committee, on an annual basis, or more frequently as needed, will direct each investment team to review draft proxy voting
guidelines recommended by the Committee (“Draft Guidelines”). The Proxy Voting Committee will collect the reviews of the Draft
Guidelines to determine whether any investment teams have positions on issues that deviate from the Draft Guidelines. Based on this review,
PGI will adopt proxy voting guidelines. Where an investment team has a position which deviates from the Draft Guidelines, an alternative
set of guidelines for that investment team may be created. Collectively, these guidelines will constitute PGI’s current Proxy Voting
Guidelines and may change from time to time (the “Guidelines”). The Proxy Voting Committee has the obligation to determine
that, in general, voting proxies pursuant to the Guidelines is in the best interests of clients. Exhibit A (Base) and Exhibit B
(Sustainable) to the Policy sets forth the current Guidelines.
There
may be instances where proxy votes will not be in accordance with the Guidelines. Clients may instruct PGI to utilize a different set
of guidelines, request specific deviations, or directly assume responsibility for the voting of proxies. In addition, PGI may deviate
from the Guidelines on an exception basis if the investment team or PGI has determined that it is the best interest of clients in a particular
strategy to do so, or where the Guidelines do not direct a particular response and instead list relevant factors. Any such a deviation
will comply with the Exception Process which shall include a written record setting out the rationale for the deviation.
The
subject of the proxy vote may not be covered in the Guidelines. In situations where the Guidelines do not provide a position, PGI will
consider the relevant facts and circumstances of a particular vote and then vote in a manner PGI believes to be in the clients’
bests interests. In such circumstance, the analysis will be documented in writing and periodically presented to the Proxy Voting Committee.
To the extent that the Guidelines do not cover potential voting issues, PGI may consider the spirit of the Guidelines and instruct the
vote on such issues in a manner that PGI believes would be in the best interests of the client.
Use
of Proxy Advisory Firms
PGI
has retained one or more third-party proxy service provider(s) (the “Proxy Advisory Firm”) to provide recommendations for
proxy voting guidelines, information on shareholder meeting dates and proxy materials, translate proxy materials printed in a foreign
language, provide research on proxy proposals, operationally process votes in accordance with the Guidelines on behalf of the clients
for whom PGI has proxy voting responsibility, and provide reports concerning the proxies voted (“Proxy Voting Services”).
Although PGI has retained the Proxy Advisory Firm for Proxy Voting Services, PGI remains responsible for proxy voting decisions. PGI has
designed the Policy to oversee and evaluate the Proxy Advisory Firm, including with respect to the matters described below, to support
the PGI’s voting in accordance with this Policy.
Oversight
of Proxy Advisory Firms
Prior
to the selection of any new Proxy Advisory Firm and annually thereafter or more frequently if deemed necessary by PGI, the Proxy Voting
Committee will consider whether the Proxy Advisory Firm: (a) has the capacity and competency to adequately analyze proxy issues and provide
the Proxy Voting Services the Proxy Advisory Firm has been engaged to provide and (b) can make its recommendations in an impartial manner,
in consideration of the best interests of PGI’s clients, and consistent with the PGI’s voting policies. Such considerations
may include, depending on the Proxy Voting Services provided, the following: (i) periodic sampling of votes pre-populated by the Proxy
Advisory Firm’s systems as well as votes cast by the Proxy Advisory Firm to review that the Guidelines adopted by PGI are being
followed; (ii) onsite visits to the Proxy Advisory Firm office and/or discussions with the Proxy Advisory Firm to determine whether the
Proxy Advisory Firm continues to have the capacity and competency to carry out its proxy obligations to PGI; (iii) a review of those aspects
of the Proxy Advisory Firm’s policies, procedures, and methodologies for formulating voting recommendations that PGI consider material
to Proxy Voting Services provided to PGI, including factors considered, with a particular focus on those relating to identifying, addressing
and disclosing potential conflicts of interest (including potential conflicts related to the provision of Proxy Voting Services, activities
other than Proxy Voting Services, and those presented by affiliation such as a controlling shareholder of the Proxy Advisory Firm) and
monitoring that materially current, accurate, and complete information is used in creating recommendations and research; (iv) requiring
the Proxy Advisory Firm to notify PGI if there is a substantive change in the Proxy Advisory Firm’s policies and procedures or otherwise
to business practices, including with respect to conflicts, information gathering and creating voting recommendations and research, and
reviewing any such change(s); (v) a review of how and when the Proxy Advisory Firm engages with, and receives and incorporates input from,
issuers, the Proxy Advisory Firm’s clients and other third-party information sources; (vi) assessing how the Proxy Advisory Firm
considers factors
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unique
to a specific issuer or proposal when evaluating a matter subject to a shareholder vote; (vii) in case of an error made by the Proxy Advisory
Firm, discussing the error with the Proxy Advisory Firm and determining whether appropriate corrective and preventive action is being
taken; and (viii) assessing whether the Proxy Advisory Firm appropriately updates its methodologies, guidelines, and voting recommendations
on an ongoing basis and incorporates input from issuers and Proxy Advisory Firm clients in the update process. In evaluating the Proxy
Advisory Firm, PGI may also consider the adequacy and quality of the Proxy Advisory Firm’s staffing, personnel, and/or technology.
Procedures
for Voting Proxies
To
increase the efficiency of the voting process, PGI utilizes the Proxy Advisory Firm to act as its voting agent for its clients’
holdings. Issuers initially send proxy information to the clients’ custodians. PGI instructs these custodians to direct proxy related
materials to the Proxy Advisory Firm. The Proxy Advisory Firm provides PGI with research related to each resolution.
PGI
analyzes relevant proxy materials on behalf of their clients and seek to instruct the vote (or refrain from voting) proxies in accordance
with the Guidelines. A client may direct PGI to vote for such client’s account differently than what would occur in applying the
Policy and the Guidelines. PGI may also agree to follow a client’s individualized proxy voting guidelines or otherwise agree with
a client on particular voting considerations.
PGI
seeks to vote (or refrain from voting) proxies for its clients in a manner that PGI determines is in the best interests of its clients,
which may include both considering both the effect on the value of the client’s investments and ESG factors. In some cases, PGI
may determine that it is in the best interests of clients to refrain from exercising the clients’ proxy voting rights. PGI may determine
that voting is not in the best interests of a client and refrain from voting if the costs, including the opportunity costs, of voting
would, in the view of PGI, exceed the expected benefits of voting to the client.
Procedures
for Proxy Issues within the Guidelines
Where
the Guidelines address the proxy matter being voted on, the Proxy Advisor Firm will generally process all proxy votes in accordance with
the Guidelines. The applicable investment team may provide instructions to vote contrary to the Guidelines in their discretion and with
sufficient rationale documented in writing to seek to maximize the value of the client’s investments or is otherwise in the client’s
best interest. This rationale will be submitted to PGI Compliance to approve and once approved administered by PGI Operations. This process
will follow the Exception Process. The Proxy Voting Committee will receive and review a quarterly report summarizing all proxy votes for
securities for which PGI exercises voting authority. In certain cases, a client may have elected to have PGI administer a custom policy
which is unique to the Client. If PGI is also responsible for the administration of such a policy, in general, except for the specific
policy differences, the procedures documented here will also be applicable, excluding reporting and disclosure procedures.
Procedures
for Proxy Issues Outside the Guidelines
To
the extent that the Guidelines do not cover potential voting issues, the Proxy Advisory Firm will seek direction from PGI. PGI may consider
the spirit of the Guidelines and instruct the vote on such issues in a manner that PGI believes would be in the best interests of the
client. Although this not an exception to the Guidelines, this process will also follow the Exception Process. The Proxy Voting Committee
will receive and review a quarterly report summarizing all proxy votes for securities for which PGI exercises voting discretion, which
shall include instances where issues fall outside the Guidelines.
Securities
Lending
Some
clients may have entered into securities lending arrangements with agent lenders to generate additional revenue. If a client participates
in such lending, the client will need to inform PGI as part of their contract with PGI if they require PGI to take actions in regard to
voting securities that have been lent. If not commemorated in such agreement, PGI will not recall securities and as such, they will not
have an obligation to direct the proxy voting of lent securities.
In
the case of lending, PGI maintains one share for each company security out on loan by the client. PGI will vote the remaining share in
these circumstances.
In
cases where PGI does not receive a solicitation or enough information within a sufficient time (as reasonably determined by PGI) prior
to the proxy-voting deadline, PGI or the Proxy Advisory Firm may be unable to vote.
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Regional
Variances in Proxy Voting
PGI
utilizes the Policy and Guidelines for both US and non-US clients, and there are some significant differences between voting U.S. company
proxies and voting non-U.S. company proxies. For U.S. companies, it is usually relatively easy to vote proxies, as the proxies are typically
received automatically and may be voted by mail or electronically. In most cases, the officers of a U.S. company soliciting a proxy act
as proxies for the company’s shareholders.
With
respect to non-U.S. companies, we make reasonable efforts to vote most proxies and follow a similar process to those in the U.S. However,
in some cases it may be both difficult and costly to vote proxies due to local regulations, customs or other requirements or restrictions,
and such circumstances and expected costs may outweigh any anticipated economic benefit of voting. The major difficulties and costs may
include: (i) appointing a proxy; (ii) obtaining reliable information about the time and location of a meeting; (iii) obtaining relevant
information about voting procedures for foreign shareholders; (iv) restrictions on trading securities that are subject to proxy votes
(share-blocking periods); (v) arranging for a proxy to vote locally in person; (vi) fees charged by custody banks for providing certain
services with regard to voting proxies; and (vii) foregone income from securities lending programs. In certain instances, it may be determined
by PGI that the anticipated economic benefit outweighs the expected cost of voting. PGI intends to make their determination on whether
to vote proxies of non-U.S. companies on a case-by-case basis. In doing so, PGI shall evaluate market requirements and impediments, including
the difficulties set forth above, for voting proxies of companies in each country. PGI periodically reviews voting logistics, including
costs and other voting difficulties, on a client by client and country by country basis, in order to determine if there have been any
material changes that would affect PGI’s determinations and procedures.
Conflicts
of Interest
PGI
recognizes that, from time to time, potential conflicts of interest may exist. In order to avoid any perceived or actual conflict of interest,
the procedures set forth below have been established for use when PGI encounters a potential conflict to ensure that PGI’s voting
decisions are based on maximizing shareholder value and are not the product of a conflict.
Addressing
Conflicts of Interest – Exception Process
Prior
to voting contrary to the Guidelines, the relevant investment team must complete and submit a report to PGI Compliance setting out the
name of the security, the issue up for vote, a summary of the Guidelines’ recommendation, the vote changes requested and the rational
for voting against the Guidelines’ recommendation. The member of the investment team requesting the exception must attest to compliance
with Principal’s Code of Conduct and the has an affirmative obligation to disclose any known personal or business relationship that
could affect the voting of the applicable proxy. PGI Compliance will approve or deny the exception in consultation, if deemed necessary,
with the Legal.
If
PGI Compliance determines that there is no potential material conflict exists, the Guidelines may be overridden. If PGI Compliance determines
that there exists or may exist a material conflict, it will refer the issue to the Proxy Voting Committee. The Proxy Voting Committee
will consider the facts and circumstances of the pending proxy vote and the potential or actual material conflict and decide by a majority
vote as to how to vote the proxy – i.e., whether to permit or deny the exception.
In
considering the proxy vote and potential material conflict of interest, the Proxy Voting Committee may review the following factors:
|
• |
The percentage of outstanding
securities of the issuer held on behalf of clients by PGI; |
|
• |
The nature of the relationship
of the issuer with the PGI, its affiliates or its executive officers; |
|
• |
Whether there has been any
attempt to directly or indirectly influence the investment team’s decision; |
|
• |
Whether the direction of
the proposed vote would appear to benefit PGI or a related party; and/or |
|
• |
Whether an objective decision
to vote in a certain way will still create a strong appearance of a conflict. |
In
the event that the Proxy Advisor Firm itself has a conflict and thus is unable to provide a recommendation, the investment team may vote
in accordance with the recommendation of another independent service provider, if available. If a recommendation from an independent service
provider other than the Proxy Advisor Firm is not available,
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the
investment team will follow the Exception Process. PGI Compliance will review the form and if it determines that there is no potential
material conflict mandating a voting recommendation from the Proxy Voting Committee, the investment team may instruct the Proxy Advisory
Firm to vote the proxy issue as it determines is in the best interest of clients. If PGI Compliance determines that there exists or may
exist a material conflict, it will refer the issue to the Proxy Voting Committee for consideration as outlined above.
Availability
of Proxy Voting Information and Recordkeeping
Disclosure
On
a quarterly basis, PGI publicly discloses on our website https://www.principalglobal.com/eu/about-us/responsible-investing a voting report
setting forth the manner in which votes were cast, including details related to (i) votes against management, and (ii) abstentions. Form more
information, Clients may contact PGI for more information related to how PGI has voted with respect to securities held in the Client’s
account. On request, PGI will provide clients with a summary of PGI’s proxy voting guidelines, process and policies and will inform
the clients how they can obtain a copy of the complete Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures upon request. PGI will also include such information
described in the preceding two sentences in Part 2A of its Form ADV.
Recordkeeping
PGI
will keep records of the following items: (i) the Guidelines, (ii) the Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures; (iii) proxy statements
received regarding client securities (unless such statements are available on the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and
Retrieval (EDGAR) system); (iv) records of votes they cast on behalf of clients, which may be maintained by a Proxy Advisory Firm if it
undertakes to provide copies of those records promptly upon request; (v) records of written client requests for proxy voting information
and PGI’s responses (whether a client’s request was oral or in writing); (vi) any documents prepared by PGI that were material
to making a decision how to vote, or that memorialized the basis for the decision; (vii) a record of any testing conducted on any Proxy
Advisory Firm’s votes; (viii) materials collected and reviewed by PGI as part of its due diligence of the Proxy Advisory Firm; (ix)
a copy of each version of the Proxy Advisory Firm’s policies and procedures provided to PGI; and (x) the minutes of the Proxy Voting
Committee meetings. All of the records referenced above will be kept in an easily accessible place for at least the length of time required
by local regulation and custom, and, if such local regulation requires that records are kept for less than six years from the end of the
fiscal year during which the last entry was made on such record, we will follow the US rule of six years. If the local regulation requires
that records are kept for more than six years, we will comply with the local regulation. We maintain the vast majority of these records
electronically.
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Security
Capital Research & Management Incorporated (“SC-R&M”)
Compliance
Policy
Regulatory
Category: Proxy Voting
Overview:
|
• |
Advisers are fiduciaries
and must act in the best interest of the client with respect to functions undertaken on behalf of the client, including proxy voting activities.
|
|
• |
Advisers must have written
policies and procedures regarding how proxies are voted. The policies and procedures must include procedures intended to prevent material
conflicts of interest from affecting the manner in which proxies are voted. |
|
• |
SC-R&M has adopted
written policies and procedures that address how proxies are voted and how this information can be obtained by clients. |
Applicable
Regulation:
|
• |
Investment Advisers Act
of 1940: Rule 206(4)-6 |
|
• |
Securities Exchange Act
of 1934: Rule 240.14Ad-1 |
Summary
of Regulatory Requirements:
|
1.
|
An adviser must adopt and
implement written policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure that: |
|
a.
|
proxies are voted in the
best interest of the client; |
|
b.
|
conflicts are identified
and handled appropriately; and |
|
c.
|
fiduciary obligations are
fulfilled. |
|
2.
|
An adviser must disclose
to its clients how they may obtain information on how proxies were voted for securities held for their accounts. |
|
3.
|
An adviser must disclose
to clients information about its proxy voting policies and procedures and how clients may obtain them. |
|
4.
|
Effective July 1,
2024, an adviser subject to the Exchange Act is required to report annually to the SEC on Form N-PX how it voted proxies relating
to shareholder advisory votes on executive compensation (or “say-on-pay”) matters. |
Activities
Conducted by SC-R&M to Satisfy Regulatory Requirements:
|
1.
|
SC-R&M has adopted
and implemented policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that it votes client securities in the best interest of
clients, which procedures include how the Adviser addresses material conflicts of interest. |
|
2.
|
SC-R&M
seeks to have each investment management agreement set forth whether SC-R&M or the client is responsible for voting proxies.
If SC-R&M is responsible, it is SC-R&M’s
objective to vote proxies in the best interests of the client and in accordance with SC-R&M’s Proxy Voting Procedures
and Guidelines. |
|
3.
|
Investment personnel
are principally responsible for determining how to vote individual proxies in accordance with the SC-R&M Proxy Voting Guidelines.
|
|
4.
|
SC-R&M intends that
all proxies received on securities held in portfolios over which SC-R&M has proxy voting authority shall be voted, except in limited
situations. These instances include, but are not limited to: (a) if the proxy involves foreign securities and the expense and administrative
inconvenience or other costs outweigh the benefits to the clients of voting the securities; (b) when it may not be possible to obtain
sufficient information to make an informed decision in good time to vote, or there may be specific financial risks where, for example,
voting can preclude participating in certain types of corporate action. In these instances, it may sometimes be in SC-R&M’s
clients’ best interests to intentionally refrain from voting in certain overseas |
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markets
from time to time; and (c) if the security is on loan, as the title passes to the borrower of the securities. Unless SC-R&M is directly
involved in a client’s securities lending arrangement because it is a party to the client’s securities lending agreement and/or
SC-R&M, as investment advisor, makes the decision to loan the client’s securities, SC-R&M is not responsible for recalling
securities to vote proxies for securities that have been loaned from the client’s account. For accounts where SC-R&M is directly
involved, SC-R&M has adopted procedures to determine if it should recall securities on loans to vote proxies when it believes a vote
is material with respect to an investment.
|
5.
|
Subject to the oversight
by the Proxy Committee, SC-R&M has retained the services of independent voting service providers (Independent Voting Services) to
assist with functions such as: coordinating with client custodians to ensure that all proxy materials are processed in a timely fashion,
recordkeeping, acting as an agent to execute SC-R&M’s proxy voting decisions, providing proxy research and analysis, and to
provide certain conflict of interest-related services. |
|
6.
|
To oversee and monitor
the proxy voting process, SC-R&M has established a Proxy Committee that meets annually or more frequently as circumstances dictate.
The Proxy Committee is comprised of the Proxy Administrator and senior officers from the Investment, Legal, Compliance, Operations and
Risk Management Departments. |
|
7.
|
The primary functions
of the Proxy Committee include: (1) reviewing and approving the Proxy Voting Guidelines annually; (2) providing advice and recommendations
on general proxy-voting matters including potential or material conflicts of interests escalated to it from time to time, as well as on
specific voting issues to be implemented by the Adviser; and (3) determining the independence of any third-party vendor to which it has
delegated proxy voting responsibilities (such as, for example, delegation when SC-R&M has identified a material conflict of interest)
and to conclude that there are no conflicts of interest that would prevent such vendor from providing such proxy voting services prior
to delegating proxy responsibilities. |
|
8.
|
SC-R&M has established
the role of a Proxy Administrator to oversee the proxy voting process. The Proxy Administrator, working with the portfolio management
teams, including portfolio managers and research analysts, is responsible for voting proxies as described in the Proxy Voting Guidelines.
Sales and marketing professionals are precluded from participating in the decision-making process |
|
9.
|
Duties of the Proxy Administrator
also include: |
|
• |
reviewing considerations
and recommendations of portfolio management teams or investment stewardship specialists with respect to proposals not covered by the Proxy
Voting Guidelines, or to override the Prescribed Guidelines; |
|
• |
referring investment
considerations and recommendations regarding overrides to the Proxy Committee, if necessary; |
|
• |
determining, in the case
of overrides, whether a material conflict exists; |
|
• |
in cases where the Proxy
Voting Guidelines contemplate voting on a case-by-case basis, determining whether the vote requires escalation to certain portfolio management
teams to make a voting decision or can be voted, given SC-R&M’s history and experience in analyzing and voting similar proxy
matters; sharing research in the case of escalated votes, which may include research from the investment stewardship teams and third-party
research providers or compensation experts, with portfolio management teams, and determining whether to further escalate voting recommendations
of the portfolio management teams to the relevant Proxy Committee for further review; |
|
• |
escalating material conflicts
to the Proxy Committee; and |
|
• |
maintaining the required
records. The Proxy Administrator utilizes an automated system to communicate, track and store the relevant data regarding the proxy voting
process. |
|
10.
|
An investment professional
may override the recommendation of the proxy service and/or the SC-R&M policy position in situations in which no conflict of interest
has been identified. If such override occurs, |
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certification
by the investment professional is required and must include: a written analysis supporting their recommendation, confirmation that the
Information Safeguarding and Barriers Policy was not violated, and a statement that they are not aware of any personal or other relationship
that could present an actual or potential conflict of interest..
|
11.
|
Proxy voting procedures
adopted and implemented by an Adviser are required to include procedures that are reasonably designed to address material conflicts of
interest that may arise between the investment adviser’s interests and those of its clients. In order to maintain the integrity
and independence of SC-R&M’s investment processes and decisions, including proxy voting decisions, and to protect SC-R&M’s
decisions from influences that could lead to a vote other than in its clients’ best interests, JPMC (including SC-R&M) has adopted
policies and procedures that (i) address the handling of conflicts, (ii) establish information barriers, and (iii) restrict the use of
MNPI. Material conflicts of interest are further avoided by voting in accordance with SC-R&M’s predetermined Prescribed Guidelines.
|
|
12.
|
Investment personnel
analyze issues to determine if any conflict regarding proxy voting exists, and if any material conflict is identified, the matter is referred
to the Proxy Administrator or its designee. |
|
13.
|
Generally, when a material
conflict of interest is identified by the Proxy Administrator or investment professional responsible for the particular proxy vote, a
third party proxy voting vendor will be directed to vote the proxy in accordance with the SC-R&M Proxy Voting Procedures and Guidelines
or by using its own guidelines. In addition, it is the responsibility 35 of the Proxy Administrator to raise the matter to Legal and Compliance,
where appropriate, and to the Proxy Committee, to review the conflict of interest votes. Examples of such material conflicts of interest
that could arise include circumstances in which: (i) management of a SC-R&M client or prospective client, distributor or prospective
distributor of its investment management products, or critical vendor, is soliciting proxies and failure to vote in favor of management
may harm SC-R&M’s relationship with such company and materially impact SC-R&M’s business; or (ii) a personal relationship
between a SC-R&M officer and the management of a company or other proponent of a proxy proposal could impact SC-R&M’s voting
decision; and (iii) when a JPMAM affiliate is an investment banker or rendered a fairness opinion with respect to the matter that is the
subject of the proxy vote. |
|
14.
|
Depending on the nature
of the conflict, the Adviser may elect to take one or more of the following measures, or other appropriate action: |
|
• |
Removing certain Adviser
personnel from the proxy voting process; |
|
• |
“Walling off”
personnel with knowledge of the conflict to ensure that such personnel do not influence the relevant proxy vote; |
|
• |
Voting in accordance
with the applicable Prescribed Guidelines, if any, if the application of the Proxy Voting Guidelines would objectively result in the casting
of a proxy vote in a predetermined manner; or |
|
• |
Deferring the vote to
an independent third party, if any, that will vote in accordance with its own determination. However, the Adviser may request an exception
to this process to vote against a proposal rather than referring it to an independent third party (“Exception Request”) where
the Proxy Administrator has actual knowledge indicating that a JPMC affiliate is an investment banker or rendered a fairness opinion with
respect to the matter that is the subject of a proxy vote. The Proxy Committee shall review the Exception Request and shall determine
whether the Adviser should vote against the proposal or whether such proxy should still be referred to an independent third party due
to the potential for additional conflicts or otherwise. |
|
15.
|
Effective July 1,
2024, SC-R&M will file annually on Form N-PX how it voted proxies relating to shareholder advisory votes on executive compensation
(or “say-on-pay”) matters. Form N-PX is to be filed not later than August 31 of each year, containing its proxy voting
record for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30. Records relating to the votes will be provided by advisor. Upon request,
clients may obtain information as to how SC-R&M voted for their account by contacting their Client Account Manager. |
|
16.
|
SC-R&M clients can
obtain voting records for their portfolio(s) as well as a copy of the SC-R&M Proxy Voting Guidelines by contacting their Client Account
Manager. |
|
17.
|
SC-R&M maintains all
proxy voting records in an easily accessible place for seven (7) years. |
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Areas
of Responsibility
|
• |
Third Party Oversight Group
|
Applicable
Policies
|
• |
Information Safeguarding
and Barriers Policy – Firmwide |
|
• |
Conflicts of Interest Policy
– Firmwide |
|
• |
SC-R&M Conflicts of
Interest, including Safeguarding of Inside Information Policy |
|
• |
SC-R&M Proxy Voting
Procedures and Guidelines |
|
• |
SC-R&M Compliance with
Securities Position Regulations Policy
|
Updated:
April 2024
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 25. Financial
Statements and Exhibits:
1. Financial
Statements
| |
Included
in Part A: Financial highlights for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016,
and 2015 and for the six-month period ended September 30, 2024.
Included
in Part B: Reference is made to the Registrant’s financial statements, accompanying notes and report of the independent
registered public accounting firm thereon for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 which were included with the Registrant’s Annual
Report on Form N-CSR filed with the Commission on June 7, 2024 (File No. 811-22534) and to the Registrant’s financial
statements and accompanying notes for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2024 which were included with the Registrant’s Semi-Annual
Report on Form N-CSR filed with the Commission on December 4, 2024 (File No. 811-22534), which is incorporated by reference
into this Post-Effective Amendment in its entirety.
The 2024 Annual Report is also available for
download free of charge at https://www.versuscapital.com/investment-funds/vcmix/.
|
2. Exhibits:
| |
a |
Amendment
to Certificate of Formation, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its Registration
Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-172947) on August 29, 2011. |
| |
a(1) |
Amendment
to Certificate of Formation, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration
Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
b(1) |
Amended
and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement dated November 20, 2020, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective
Amendment No. 3 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on May 28, 2021. |
| |
b(2) |
Amendment
to the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement dated July 29, 2024, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s
Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
b(3) |
Amended
and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement dated January 9, 2025 – Filed herewith. |
| |
c |
Not applicable. |
| |
d |
Article
III, Sections 3.5 (Actions by Members) and 3.10 (Powers of Members) and Article VII, Section 7.2 (Rights and Liabilities with Respect
to Shares) of the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement dated January 9, 2025 – Filed herewith. |
| |
e |
Dividend
Reinvestment Plan, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement
filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
f |
Not applicable. |
| |
g(1) |
Investment
Management Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its Registration Statement
filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-172947) on August 29, 2011. |
| |
g(2) |
Security
Capital Research & Management Incorporated Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective
Amendment No. 6 to its Registration Statement filed as a POSEX filing (File No. 333-172947) on December 22, 2011. |
| |
g(3) |
Amendment
to Security Capital Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 16 to
its Registration Statement filed as a 486APOS filing (File No. 333-172947) on December 17, 2018. |
| |
g(4) |
Second
Amendment to Security Capital Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement
on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on March 6, 2020. |
| |
g(5) |
Third
Amendment to Security Capital Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment
No. 3 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on May 28, 2021. |
| |
g(6) |
Principal
Real Estate Investors, LLC Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No.
12 to its Registration Statement filed as a POSEX filing (File No. 333-172947) on November 8, 2016. |
| |
g(7) |
Amendment
to Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration
Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on March 6, 2020. |
| |
g(8) |
Fee
Letter Relating to Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC Sub-Advisory Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s
Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on May 28, 2021. |
| |
g(9) |
Investment
Management Agreement between the Fund and the Adviser, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment
No. 1 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-266297) on October 11, 2022. |
| |
g(10) |
Security
Capital Research & Management Incorporated Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and Security Capital Research & Management
Incorporated, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to its Registration Statement filed
on Form N-2 (File No. 333-266297) on October 11, 2022. |
| |
g(11) |
Principal
Real Estate Investors, LLC Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC, previously
filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No.
333-266297) on October 11, 2022. |
| |
g(12) |
Investment
Management Agreement between VCMIX Subsidiary LLC and the Adviser, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective
Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
g(13) |
Management
Fee Waiver Agreement between the Registrant and the Adviser, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment
No. 5 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
g(14) |
Investment Management Agreement between Versus
Capital Real Estate Sub-REIT LLC and the Adviser – to be filed by amendment. |
| |
g(15) |
Management Fee Waiver Agreement between Versus
Capital Real Estate Sub-REIT LLC and the Adviser – to be filed by amendment. |
| |
h |
Distribution
Agreement by and between the Fund and Foreside Funds Distributors LLC (the “Distribution Agreement”), previously filed as
an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968)
on November 21, 2021. |
| |
i |
Not applicable. |
| |
j(1) |
Custody
Agreement between the Registrant and UMB Bank, n.a., previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment
No. 3 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on March 11, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| |
j(2) |
Foreign
Custody Delegation Agreement between the Registrant and UMB Bank, n.a., previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective
Amendment No. 3 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on March 11, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| |
k(1) |
Administration
and Accounting Services Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its Registration
Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-172947) on August 29, 2011. |
| |
k(2) |
Amendment
to Administration and Accounting Services Agreement dated August 9, 2018, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration
Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-266297) on July 22, 2022. |
| |
k(3) |
Amendment
to Administration and Accounting Services Agreement dated February 12, 2019, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s
Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-266297) on July 22, 2022. |
| |
k(4) |
Transfer
Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 to its
Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-172947) on August 29, 2011. |
| |
k(5) |
Expense
Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 10 to its
Registration Statement filed as a 486BPOS filing (File No. 333-172947) on April 6, 2015. This contract expired on June 30, 2015, pursuant
to its terms. |
| |
k(6) |
Amended
& Restated Indemnity Agreement by and among the Fund and the Adviser, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective
Amendment No. 18 to its Registration Statement filed as a 486APOS filing (File No. 333-172947) on August 7, 2019. |
| |
k(7) |
Power
of Attorney, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 18 to its Registration Statement filed
as a 486APOS filing (File No. 333-172947) on August 7, 2019. |
| |
k(8) |
Power
of Attorney of Susan K. Wold, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to its Registration
Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-266297) on October 11, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| |
k(9) |
Power
of Attorney, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to its Registration Statement filed
on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-266297; 811-22534) on July 27, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| |
k(10) |
Power
of Attorney dated May 29, 2024, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration
Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
1 |
Opinion
and Consent of Ropes & Gray LLP, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-2 (File
No. 333-266297) on July 22, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. |
| |
m |
Not applicable. |
| |
n |
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – Filed herewith. |
| |
o |
Not applicable. |
| |
p |
Not applicable. |
| |
q |
Not applicable. |
| |
r(1) |
Joint
Code of Ethics of the Fund and the Adviser, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to
its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333- 266297) on July 29, 2024. |
| |
r(2) |
Code
of Ethics of Security Capital Research & Management Incorporation, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s
Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on November 21, 2021. |
| |
r(3) |
Code
of Ethics of Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC, previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No.
5 to its Registration Statement filed on Form N-2 (File No. 333-236968) on November 21, 2021. |
Item 26. Marketing
Arrangements:
See the Distribution
Agreement, filed as Exhibit h to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration Statement on November 23,
2021, and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 27. Other
Expenses of Issuance and Distribution:
Not applicable
Item 28. Persons
Controlled by or Under Common Control:
VCMIX Subsidiary LLC , a Delaware limited liability company, is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Fund and is consolidated for financial reporting purposes.
Item 29. Number
of Holders of Securities as of February 25,
2025:
| Title of Class |
|
Number of Record
Holders |
|
| Common |
|
13,630 |
|
Item 30. Indemnification:
Reference is made to Article
III, Section 3.8 of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, filed
herewith and incorporated by reference hereto (the “LLC Agreement”), and Section 7 of the Registrant’s Distribution
Agreement, filed as Exhibit h which was previously filed and is incorporated by reference hereto.
Insofar as indemnification for
liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), may be permitted to directors, officers
and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in
the opinion of the Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred
or paid by a director, manager, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding)
is asserted by such director, manager, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant
will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction
the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the
final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business
and Other Connections of Investment Adviser:
A description of certain other
business, profession, vocation, or employment of a substantial nature in which an investment adviser of the Registrant, and each member,
director, executive officer, or partner of any such investment adviser, is or has been, at any time during the past two fiscal years,
engaged in for his or her own account or in the capacity of member, director, officer, employee, partner or trustee, is set forth in the
Registrant’s prospectus in Part A herein in the section entitled “Management of the Fund,” regarding the Registrant’s
adviser, Versus Capital Advisors LLC (the “Adviser”), a registered adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended
(the “Advisers Act”). Further information as to the members and officers of the Adviser is included in the Adviser’s
Form ADV as filed with the Commission (File No. 801-72298) and is incorporated herein by reference.
This information with respect
to Security Capital Research & Management, Incorporated, the Registrant’s investment sub-adviser and a registered adviser under
the Advisers Act, is included in its Form ADV as filed with the Commission (File No. 801-53815), which is incorporated herein by reference.
This information with respect
to Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC, the Registrant’s investment sub-adviser and a registered adviser under the Advisers Act,
is included in its Form ADV as filed with the Commission (File No. 801-55618), which is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 32. Location
of Accounts and Records:
BNY Mellon
maintains certain required accounting-related and financial books and records of the Registrant at 240 Greenwich Street, New York, NY
10286. All other required books and records are maintained by the Adviser and the Registrant at 5050 S. Syracuse Street, Suite 1100, Denver,
Colorado 80237, and the Registrant’s sub-advisers, Principal Real Estate Investors, LLC, 711 High Street, Des Moines, IA 50392,
and Security Capital Research & Management Incorporated, 10 South Dearborn Street, 38th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60603.
Item 33. Management
Services:
Not applicable.
Item
34. Undertakings:
|
3. |
The Registrant undertakes: |
(a) To file,
during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement:
(i) to include any prospectus
required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(ii) to reflect in the prospectus
any facts or events after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which,
individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed
that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the
form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume
and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration
Fee” table in the effective registration statement.
(iii) to include any material
information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to
such information in the registration statement.
(b) That, for the purpose of determining
any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating
to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof.
(c) To remove from registration by
means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(d) that, for the purpose of determining
liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:
(1) if the Registrant is relying on
Rule 430B under the Securities Act:
(A) each
prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date
the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
(B) each
prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule
430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (x), or (xi) under the Securities Act for the purpose of providing
the information required by Section 10 (a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement
as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities
in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at
that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities
in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part
of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or
prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective
date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement
or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or
(2) if the Registrant is subject to
Rule 430C under the Securities Act: Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act as part of a registration
statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance
on Rule 430A under the Securities Act, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it
is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of
the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus
that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede
or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made
in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(e) That for the purpose of determining
liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities:
The undersigned Registrant undertakes
that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting
method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following
communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to
the purchaser:
(1) any preliminary prospectus or
prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act;
(2) free writing prospectus relating
to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;
(3) the portion of any other free
writing prospectus or advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 under the Securities Act relating to the offering containing material information
about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and
(4) any other communication that is
an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.
|
7. |
The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means
designed to ensure equally prompt delivery within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any Prospectus or Statement
of Additional Information. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies
that this Registration Statement meets all of the requirements for effectiveness and has duly caused this Registration Statement
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Denver, State of Colorado, on the 10th
day of March, 2025.
| |
VERSUS CAPITAL REAL ESTATE FUND LLC |
| |
|
|
| |
By: |
/s/ Mark D. Quam |
| |
Name: |
Mark D. Quam |
| |
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the
capacities indicated on March 10, 2025.
| Name: |
|
Title: |
|
/s/ Mark D. Quam |
|
|
| Mark D. Quam |
|
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
|
/s/ Casey R. Frazier |
|
|
| Casey R. Frazier* |
|
Director and Chief Investment Officer |
|
/s/ Jeffry A. Jones |
|
|
| Jeffry A. Jones* |
|
Director |
|
/s/ Richard J. McCready |
|
|
| Richard J. McCready* |
|
Director |
| |
|
|
| /s/ Paul E. Sveen |
|
|
| Paul E. Sveen* |
|
Director |
| |
|
|
| /s/ Robert
F. Doherty |
|
|
| Robert F. Doherty* |
|
Director |
| |
|
|
| /s/ Susan K. Wold |
|
|
| Susan K. Wold* |
|
Director |
| |
|
|
| /s/ Brian Petersen |
|
|
| Brian Petersen |
|
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer
and Principal Accounting Officer) |
| *By: |
/s/
Jillian Varner |
|
| |
Jillian Varner** |
|
| |
Chief Compliance Officer and Secretary |
|
** Attorney-in-fact
pursuant to the powers of attorney previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 to its Registration
Statement filed on Form N-2 (File Nos. 333-266297; 811-22534) on July 29, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference
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