Form 40-APP LibreMax Asset-Backed

September 12, 2025 2:01 PM EDT
 
 
AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
File No. 812-[•]
 
U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
Application Pursuant to Section 6(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”) for an Order Granting Certain Exemptions from the Provisions of Sections 18(a)(2), 18(c) and 18(i) Thereunder, Pursuant to Sections 6(c) and 23(c) of the Act for an Order Granting Certain Exemptions from Rule 23c-3 Thereunder and Pursuant to Section 17(d) of the Act and Rule 17d-1 Thereunder for an Order Permitting Certain Arrangements
 
 
In the Matter of:
 
LIBREMAX ASSET-BACKED INCOME FUND
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202

LIBREMAX CAPITAL, LLC
601 Lexington Avenue, 30th Floor
New York, NY 10022

PLEASE DIRECT ALL COMMUNICATIONS REGARDING THIS APPLICATION TO:
 
Alyssa M. Bernard, Secretary
LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202
(414) 516-1681

Frank Bruttomesso
General Counsel and Chief Operating Officer
LibreMax Capital, LLC
601 Lexington Avenue, 30th Floor
New York, NY 10022
(212) 612-1550
 
WITH COPIES TO:

Deborah Bielicke Eades
Vedder Price P.C.
222 N. LaSalle Street
Chicago, Illinois 60601
(312) 609-7661
Joseph M. Mannon
Vedder Price P.C.
222 N. LaSalle Street
Chicago, Illinois 60601
(312) 609-7883

THIS APPLICATION (INCLUDING EXHIBITS) CONSISTS OF 20 PAGES
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
    Page
     
I. THE PROPOSAL
1
II. STATEMENT OF FACTS
2
A.
LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
2
B.
LibreMax Capital, LLC
4
C.
Other Provisions
4
III. EXEMPTION REQUESTED
5
A.
The Multi-Class System
5
B.
Early Withdrawal Charges
5
C.
Asset-Based Distribution and/or Service Fees
6
IV. COMMISSION AUTHORITY
6
V. DISCUSSION
6
A.
Background
6
B.
Multiple Classes of Shares - Exemptions from Sections 18(a)(2), 18(c) and 18(i) of the Act
8
C.
Early Withdrawal Charge
12
D.
Waivers of EWCs
14
E.
Asset-Based Distribution and/or Service Fees
15
VI. APPLICANTS’ CONDITION
16
VII. CORPORATE ACTION
16
VIII. CONCLUSION
17

EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit A—Resolutions of the Board of Trustees of LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
Exhibit B—Verifications of LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund and LibreMax Capital, LLC
 
-i-

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BEFORE THE
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549

IN THE MATTER OF

LIBREMAX ASSET-BACKED INCOME FUND
 
and

LIBREMAX CAPITAL, LLC


Investment Company Act of 1940
 
File No. 812-[ ]
 
APPLICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 6(c) OF THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940, AS AMENDED (THE “ACT”) FOR AN ORDER OF EXEMPTION FROM THE PROVISIONS OF SECTIONS 18(a) (2), 18(c) AND 18(i) THEREUNDER AND PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 6(c) AND 23(c) OF THE ACT FOR AN ORDER GRANTING CERTAIN EXEMPTIONS FROM RULE 23c-3 THEREUNDER AND PURSUANT TO SECTION 17(d) OF THE ACT AND RULE 17d-1 THEREUNDER FOR AN ORDER PERMITTING CERTAIN ARRANGEMENTS

I. THE PROPOSAL
 
LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund (the “Initial Fund”) and LibreMax Capital, LLC (the “Investment Manager” or “LibreMax,” and together with the Initial Fund, the “Applicants”) hereby seek an order (the “Order”) of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) (i) pursuant to Section 6(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”) for an exemption from Sections 18(a)(2), 18(c) and 18(i) of the Act; (ii) pursuant to Sections 6(c) and 23(c) of the Act, for an exemption from Rule 23c-3 under the Act and (iii) pursuant to Section 17(d) of the Act and Rule 17d-1 under the Act to permit the Initial Fund to issue multiple classes of shares of beneficial interest with asset-based service and/or distribution fees, and varying sales loads, and to impose early withdrawal charges (“EWCs”), as described more fully in this application (the “Application”). Applicants request that the Order also apply to any continuously offered registered closed-end management investment company existing now or in the future for which the Investment Manager or any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Investment Manager (as the term “control” is defined in Section 2(a)(9) of the Act) or any successor in interest to any such entity1 acts as investment adviser, and which operates as an interval fund pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Act or provides periodic liquidity with respect to its shares pursuant to Rule 13e-4 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (each a “Future Fund” and, together with the Initial Fund, each, a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”).2 Any of the Funds relying on this relief in the future will do so in a manner consistent with the terms and conditions of this Application. Applicants represent that each entity presently intending to rely on the requested relief is listed as an Applicant.
 
The Initial Fund is a newly organized Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Act and will operate as a continuously offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company and as an interval fund pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Act. LibreMax will serve as the Initial Fund’s investment manager. The Initial Fund and the Investment Manager are referred to herein as the “Applicants.”
 
1 A successor in interest is limited to an entity that results from a reorganization into another jurisdiction or a change in the type of business organization.
2 The terms “control,” and “investment adviser” are used throughout this Application as those terms are defined in Sections 2(a)(9) and 2(a)(20) of the Act, respectively.

1

On July 18, 2025, the Initial Fund filed an initial registration statement on Form N-2 seeking to register shares of the Initial Fund to be offered for public sale under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and to operate as an interval fund pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Act (the “Registration Statement”). The Registration Statement applies to the offering of three separate classes of shares of beneficial interest in the Initial Fund (the “Shares”), designated as Class A Common Shares (“A Shares”), Class I Common Shares (“I Shares”) and Class L Common Shares (“L Shares”). If the requested relief is granted, the Initial Fund anticipates making a continuous public offering of its A Shares, I Shares and L Shares. Until such exemptive relief requested in this Application is granted, the Initial Fund will offer only one class of Shares for sale, the I Shares, and the A Shares and the L Shares will not be offered to investors. Additional offerings by any Fund relying on the requested relief may be offered on a private placement or public offering basis.
 
Shares of the Funds will not be listed on any securities exchange, nor quoted on any quotation medium, and the Funds do not expect there to be a secondary trading market for their Shares.
 
It is currently contemplated that only the A Shares of the Initial Fund will be subject to a maximum front-end sales charge of up to 3.00%. Additionally, if the requested relief is granted, A Shares of the Initial Fund will be subject to an asset-based distribution and shareholder servicing fee (the “Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Fee”) of up to 1.00% on an annualized basis of the aggregate net assets of the Initial Fund attributable to A Shares as compensation to the Fund’s distributor or other qualified recipients. With respect to the 1.00% Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Fee, 0.25% is characterized as a “shareholder service fee” and the remaining portion is characterized as a “distribution fee.” I Shares of the Initial Fund are not subject to a Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Fee. It is also contemplated that, if the requested relief is granted, L Shares of the Initial Fund will be subject to a Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Fee of up to 0.25%. The Funds may in the future offer additional classes of shares and/or another sales charge, fee or expense structure.
 
Applicants represent that any asset-based service and/or distribution fees for each class of shares of the Funds will comply with the provisions of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) Rule 2341 (formerly NASD Rule 2830(d), the “FINRA Sales Charge Rule”).3
 
II. STATEMENT OF FACTS
 
A.
LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
The Initial Fund is a newly organized Delaware statutory trust that has registered under the Act as a continuously offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that will operate as an interval fund pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Act. Pursuant to a fundamental policy adopted by the Initial Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”), the Initial Fund will conduct quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of the Initial Fund’s then-outstanding Shares at net asset value (“NAV”), reduced by any applicable repurchase fee.

________________________
3 As adopted, FINRA Rule 2341 superseded Rule 2830(d) of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. See, Self-Regulatory Organizations; Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change to Adopt NASD Rule 2830 as FINRA Rule 2341 (Investment Company Securities) in Consolidated FINRA Rulebook, Securities Exchange Act Release No. 78130 (June 22, 2016). Any reference to the FINRA Sales Charge Rule includes any successor or replacement to the FINRA Sales Charge Rule.

2


 
The Initial Fund’s investment objective seeks to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns and generate current income. The Initial Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by allocating primarily to a wide array of private asset-backed credit and securitized debt investments and other credit related investments that provide exposure to asset-backed investments (collectively, with Private ABF and Traded Securitizations, “ABF Investments”) To pursue its investment objective, the Initial Fund will invest in private asset-backed finance products (“Private ABF”) and traded structured credit products (“Traded Securitizations”). Under normal circumstances, the Initial Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowing for investment purposes, in securities and other investments that the Investment Manager believes are, at the time of investment, considered to be ABF Investments (“80% Policy”).
 
Within the Private ABF strategy, the Initial Fund will invest in private asset-backed financed securities and loans, including residential and consumer loans (and participations thereon), including, but not limited to consumer unsecured personal loans, business loans, commercial real estate mezzanine loans, participations and notes backed by residential, multi-family, hotel, office and construction projects, commercial warehouse financings backed by cashflows and/or other commercial assets of various borrowers or pools of collateral, including, but not limited to, aviation, marine, railcar, automobiles, leases, solar, equipment, datacenters, digital infrastructure and other assets, and other structured finance products and specialty finance loans, notes and participations. In addition, Private ABF Investments may include equity and equity like investments in asset-backed financed securities like home equity investments (“HEIs”). The Initial Fund may invest in whole loans directly, or indirectly, including through one or more wholly-owned subsidiaries or trust structures and may enter into arrangements with originators or other counterparties to acquire such loans. The Initial Fund may purchase such assets on a leveraged basis through the use of reverse repurchase agreements or other financings.

Within the Traded Securitization strategy, the Initial Fund will invest in: residential mortgage backed securities, including but not limited to securitizations backed by HEIs, residential home equity loan contracts, commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), consumer and commercial asset-backed securities, which included securitizations backed by commercial assets of various borrowers or pools of collateral, including, but not limited to, credit cards, aviation, automobile loans and leases, solar, and other receivables and asset classes, collateralized loan obligations and collateralized debt obligations. The Initial Fund may invest in, or obtain exposure to, loans that may be “covenant lite.” The Inital Fund uses the term “covenant-lite” to refer generally to loans that do not have financial maintenance covenants. The Initial Fund may invest in sub-prime loans, which are loans offered to offered to buyers who do not meet the criteria for prime loans typically due to poor credit history, low income or insufficient credit history.
 
The Initial Fund may invest in every level of capital structure, including owning partial or whole loans or residual equity positions and including the equity or “first loss” tranche (i.e., the tranche that absorbs the initial or first losses on an investment).  Residual equity positions are the amounts remaining after other obligations have been satisfied.  The Initial Fund may invest in securitization risk retention tranches in the capacity of a third-party purchaser with respect to securitizations sponsored by others. Securitization risk retention tranches are tranches owned by originator, sponsor original lender to ensure that they share in potential losses. The Initial Fund’s address is 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202.
 
Each of the Other Funds (as defined below) will adopt fundamental investment policies and make periodic repurchase offers to its shareholders in compliance with Rule 23c-34 or will provide periodic liquidity with respect to its shares pursuant to Rule 13e-4 under the Exchange Act. Any repurchase offers made by the Funds will be made to all holders of shares of each such Fund as of the selected record date.
 
Each Fund that operates or will operate as an interval fund pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the Act may offer its shareholders an exchange feature under which the shareholders of the Fund may, in connection with such Fund’s periodic repurchase offers, exchange their shares of the Fund for shares of the same class of (i) registered open-end investment companies or (ii) other registered closed-end investment companies that comply with Rule 23c-3 under the Act and continuously offer their shares at net asset value, that are in the Fund’s group of investment companies (collectively, the “Other Funds”). Shares of a Fund operating pursuant to Rule 23c-3 that are exchanged for shares of Other Funds will be included as part of the amount of the repurchase offer amount for such Fund as specified in Rule 23c-3 under the Act. Any exchange option will comply with Rule 11a-3 under the Act, as if the Fund were an open-end investment company subject to Rule 11a-3.  In complying with Rule 11a-3, each Fund will treat an EWC, if any, as if it were a contingent deferred sales load (“CDSL”).5


4 Rule 23c-3 and Regulation M under the Exchange Act permit an interval fund to make repurchase offers to repurchase its shares while engaging in a continuous offering of its shares pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act.
5 A CDSL, assessed by an open-end fund pursuant to Rule 6c-10 under the Act, is a distribution-related charge payable to the distributor. Pursuant to the requested order, the EWCs will likewise be a distribution-related charge payable to the distributor as distinguished from a repurchase fee which is payable to a Fund to compensate long-term shareholders for the expenses related to shorter term investors, in light of the Fund’s generally longer-term investment horizons and investment operations.

3
 
 
Shares of a Fund may in the future be subject to a repurchase fee at a rate of no greater than 2% of the aggregate net asset value of a shareholder’s shares repurchased by the Fund if the interval between the date of purchase of the shares and the valuation date with respect to the repurchase of those shares is less than one year. A repurchase fee charged by a Fund is not the same as a CDSL assessed by an open-end fund pursuant to Rule 6c-10 under the Act, as CDSLs are distribution-related charges payable to a distributor, whereas the repurchase fee is payable to the Fund to compensate long-term shareholders for the expenses related to shorter term investors, in light of the Fund’s generally longer-term investment horizons and investment operations.
 
Any repurchase fee imposed by a Fund will equally apply to all classes of shares of a Fund, in compliance with Section 18 of the Act and Rule 18f-3 thereunder. To the extent a Fund determines to waive, impose scheduled variations of, or eliminate any such repurchase fee, it will do so in compliance with the requirements of Rule 22d-1 under the Act as if the repurchase fee was a CDSL and as if the Fund was an open-end investment company. A Fund’s waiver of, scheduled variation in, or elimination of, any such repurchase fee will apply uniformly to all shareholders of the Fund regardless of class.
 
B.
LibreMax Capital, LLC
LibreMax which is organized as a Delaware limited liability company, is an investment adviser registered with the Commission under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). LibreMax will serve as the Initial Fund’s investment manager pursuant to an investment management agreement (the “Investment Management Agreement”). The Investment Management Agreement will be approved by the Initial Fund’s Board, including a majority of the trustees who are not “interested persons” (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Act) of the Initial Fund and by the Initial Fund’s original sole shareholder, in the manner required by Sections 15(a) and (c) of the Act. The Applicants are not seeking any exemptions from the provisions of the Act with respect to the Investment Management Agreement. Subject to the oversight of the Initial Fund’s Board, LibreMax will be responsible for managing the investment activities of the Initial Fund and the Initial Fund’s business affairs and other administrative matters. Greg Lippmann, the Chief Investment Officer of LibreMax, will be responsible for the day-to-day management of the Initial Fund.
 
The Investment Manager’s address is 601 Lexington Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York 10022.
 
C.
Other Provisions
From time to time, the Initial Fund may create and offer additional classes of shares, the terms of which may differ from the other share classes in the following respects: (i) the amount of fees permitted by different distribution plans and/or different service fee arrangements; (ii) voting rights with respect to a distribution and/or service plan of a class; (iii) different class designations; (iv) the impact of any class expenses directly attributable to a particular class of shares allocated on a class basis as described in this application; (v) any differences in dividends and net asset value resulting from differences in fees under a distribution plan and/or service fee arrangement or in class expenses; (vi) any EWCs or other sales load structure; and (vii) exchange or conversion privileges of the classes as permitted under the Act.

4
 
Each Fund will allocate all expenses incurred by it among the various classes of shares based on the net assets of the Fund attributable to each such class, except that the net asset value and expenses of each class will reflect the expenses associated with the distribution and/or service plan of that class (if any), services fees attributable to that class (if any), including transfer agency fees, and any other incremental expenses of that class. Incremental expenses of a Fund attributable to a particular class are limited to (i) incremental transfer agent fees identified by the transfer agent as being attributable to that class of shares; (ii) printing and postage expenses relating to preparing and distributing materials such as shareholder reports, prospectuses and proxies to current shareholders of that class of shares; (iii) federal registration fees incurred with respect to shares of that class of shares; (iv) blue sky fees incurred with respect to sales of that class of shares; (v) expenses of administrative personnel and services as required to support the shareholders of that class; (vi) auditors’ fees, litigation expenses and other legal fees and expenses relating solely to that class of shares; (vii) additional trustees fees incurred as a result of issues relating to that class of shares; (viii) additional accounting expenses relating solely to that class of shares; (ix) expenses incurred in connection with shareholder meetings as a result of issues relating to that class of shares; and (x) any other incremental expenses subsequently identified that should be properly allocated to that class of shares consistent with Rule 18f-3 under the Act. Because of the different distribution and/or service fees, services and any other class expenses that may be attributable to each class of shares, the net income attributable to, and the dividends payable on, each class of shares may differ from each other. As a result, the net asset value per share of the classes may differ at times. Expenses of a Fund allocated to a particular class of shares will be borne on a pro rata basis by each outstanding share of that class. Distribution and/or service fees will be paid pursuant to a distribution and/or service plan with respect to a class.
 
III. EXEMPTION REQUESTED
 
A.
The Multi-Class System
Applicants request exemptive relief to the extent that a Fund’s issuance and sale of multiple classes of shares might be deemed to result in the issuance of a “senior security”6 within the meaning of Section 18(g) of the Act that would violate the provisions of Section 18(a)(2) of the Act, violate the equal voting provisions of Section l 8(i) of the Act, and if more than one class of senior security were issued, violate Section 18(c) of the Act.
 
B.
Early Withdrawal Charges
Applicants request exemptive relief from Rule 23c-3(b)(1) to the extent that rule is construed to prohibit the imposition of an EWC by the Funds.
 
6 Section 18(g) defines senior security to include any stock of a class having a priority over any other class as to distribution of assets or payment of dividends. Share classes that have different asset-based service or distribution charges have different total expenses and, thus, different net incomes. As a result, each class will have a different net asset value, receive a different distribution amount or both. A class with a higher net asset value may be considered to have a priority as to the distribution of assets. A class receiving a higher dividend may be considered to have a priority over classes with lower dividends. Exemption for Open-End Management Investment Companies Issuing Multiple Classes of Shares; Disclosure by Multiple Class and Master- Feeder Funds; Class Voting on Distribution Plans, Inv. Co. Rel. No. 20915 (Feb. 23, 1995) at n. 17 and accompanying text.

5

C.
Asset-Based Distribution and/or Service Fees
Applicants request an Order pursuant to Section 17(d) and Rule 17d-1 to the extent necessary for a Fund to pay asset-based distribution and/or service fees.
 
IV. COMMISSION AUTHORITY
 
Pursuant to Section 6(c) of the Act, the Commission may, by order on application, conditionally or unconditionally, exempt any person, security or transaction, or any class or classes of persons, securities or transactions from any provision or provisions of the Act or from any rule or regulation under the Act, if and to the extent that the exemption is necessary or appropriate in the public interest and consistent with the protection of investors and the purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions of the Act.
 
Section 23(c) of the Act provides, in relevant part, that no registered closed-end investment company shall purchase securities of which it is the issuer, except (a) on a securities exchange or other open market; (b) pursuant to tenders, after reasonable opportunity to submit tenders given to all holders of securities of the class to be purchased; or (c) under such other circumstances as the Commission may permit by rules and regulations or orders for the protection of investors.
 
Section 23(c)(3) provides that the Commission may issue an order that would permit a closed-end investment company to repurchase its shares in circumstances in which the repurchase is made in a manner or on a basis that does not unfairly discriminate against any holders of the class or classes of securities to be purchased.
 
Section 17(d) of the Act and Rule 17d-1 under the Act prohibit an affiliated person of a registered investment company or an affiliated person of such person, acting as principal, from participating in or effecting any transaction in connection with any joint enterprise or joint arrangement in which the investment company participates unless the Commission issues an order permitting the transaction. In reviewing applications submitted under Section 17(d) and Rule 17d-1, the Commission considers whether the participation of the investment company in a joint enterprise or joint arrangement is consistent with the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act, and the extent to which the participation is on a basis different from or less advantageous than that of other participants.
 
V. DISCUSSION
 
A.
Background
In its 1992 study entitled Protecting Investors: A Half Century of Investment Company Regulation (“Protecting Investors”), the Commission’s Division of Investment Management recognized that the Act imposes a rigid classification system that dictates many important regulatory consequences.7 For example, the characterization of a management company as “open-end” or “closed-end” has historically been crucial to the determination of the degree of liquidity a fund’s shareholders will have, and thus the liquidity required of such fund’s investments.
 
Furthermore, except as noted below, there has been no middle ground between the two extremes. Open-end funds have offered complete liquidity to their shareholders and thus required virtually complete liquidity of the underlying investments, while closed-end funds have been subject to requirements that in fact restrict the liquidity they are permitted to offer their investors. Under this bipolar system of regulation, neither form has provided the best vehicle for offering portfolios that have substantial, but not complete, liquidity. In Protecting Investors, the SEC staff determined that, given the changes in the securities market since 1940—in particular the emergence of semi-liquid investment opportunities—it was appropriate to re-examine the classification system and its regulatory requirements.8
 
7 SEC Staff Report, Protecting Investors: A Half Century of Investment Company Regulation 42 I (May 1992), at 421.
8 Id. at 424.

6

One exception to the liquid/illiquid dichotomy has been the so called “prime-rate funds.” These funds, first introduced in 1988, invest primarily in loans and provide shareholders liquidity through periodic tender offers or, more recently, periodic repurchases under Rule 23c-3.
 
Protecting Investors recognized that the rigidity of the Act’s classification system had become a limitation on sponsors’ ability to offer innovative products that would take advantage of the vast array of semi-liquid portfolio securities currently existing. The report also noted the pioneering efforts of the prime rate funds and the market success they had experienced.9 The report thus concluded that it would be appropriate to provide the opportunity for investment companies to “chart new territory” between the two extremes of the open-end and closed-end forms, consistent with the goals of investor protection.10 The Division of Investment Management thus recommended giving the industry the ability to employ new redemption and repurchase procedures, subject to Commission rulemaking and oversight.
 
In accordance with this recommendation, and shortly after Protecting Investors was published, the Commission proposed for comment a new rule designed to assist the industry in this endeavor.11 The Commission proposed Rule 23c-3, which began from the closed-end, illiquid perspective under Section 23(c), and provided flexibility to increase shareholder liquidity through periodic repurchase offers under simplified procedures. Rule 23c-3 was adopted in April 1993.12
 
The prime rate funds were cited in both Protecting Investors and the Proposing Release as the prototype for the interval concept.13 Nonetheless, while the prime rate funds broke the path for innovation in this area, developments since the origin of these funds make further innovation appropriate. Ample precedent exists for the implementation of a multiple class system and the imposition of asset-based distribution and/or service fees for which the Applicants seek relief. Since 1998, the Commission has granted relief to the following closed-end investment companies, among others, to issue multiple classes of Shares, to impose EWCs and to impose distribution and/or service fees, e.g., GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, iDirect Private Markets Fund, SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, Coatue CTEK Fund, Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, Global X Venture Fund, HarbourVest Private Investments Fund, Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, TCW Private Asset Income Fund, Callodine Specialty Income Fund, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, Redwood Real Estate Income Fund, Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund, Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund, and Nomura Alternative Income Fund.14


9 Id. at 439-40.
10 Id. at 424.
11 Inv. Co. Act Rel. No. 18869 (July 28, 1992) (the “Proposing Release”).
12 Inv. Co. Act Rel. No. 19399 (April 7, 1993) (the “Adopting Release”). The Commission also had proposed Rule 22e-3, which began from the open-end, complete liquidity perspective under Section 22 of the Act, and permitted periodic or delayed, rather than constant liquidity. The Commission neither adopted nor withdrew proposed Rule 22e-3. To the Applicants’ knowledge, the Commission has taken no further action with respect to Rule 22e-3.
13 Protecting Investors at 439-40; Proposing Release at 27.
14 See, e.g., GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, et al., Investment Co. Rel Nos. 35579 (May 8, 2025) (notice) and 35622 (June 3, 2025 (order); iDirect Private Markets Fund, et al., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35474 (February 21, 2025) (notice) and 35497 (March 14, 2025) (order); SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, et al., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35466 (February 6, 2025) (notice) and 35491 (March 4, 2025) (order); Coatue CTEK Fund and Coatue Management, L.L.C., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35417 (December 13, 2024) (notice) and 35443 (January 8, 2025) (order); Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, et al., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35410 (December 9, 2024) (notice) and 35441 (January 6, 2025) (order); Global X Venture Fund and Global X Management Company, LLC, Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35408 (December 9, 2024) (notice) and 35440 (January 6, 2025) (order); HarbourVest Private Investments Fund and HarbourVest Registered Advisers L.P., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35409 (December 9, 2024) (notice) and 35439 (January 6, 2025) (order); Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, et al., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35403 (November 27, 2024) (notice) and 35431 (December 26, 2024) (order); TCW Private Asset Income Fund and TCW Asset Backed Finance Management Company LLC, Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35401 (November 26, 2024) (notice) and 35429 (December 23, 2024) (order); Callodine Specialty Income Fund and Callodine Capital Management, LP, Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35399 (November 26, 2024) (notice) and 35428 (December 23, 2024) (order); Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund and Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35385 (November 14, 2024) (notice) and 35414 (December 10, 2024) (order); Redwood Real Estate Income Fund and Redwood Investment Management, LLC, Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35382 (November 12, 2024) (notice) and 35413 (December 10, 2024) (order); Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund and Wellington Management Company LLP, Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35317 (September 10, 2024) (notice) and 35353 (October 8, 2024) (order); Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund, et al., Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 35168 (April 10, 2024) (notice) and 35186 (May 7, 2024) (order); and Nomura Alternative Income Fund and Nomura Private Capital LLC, Investment Co. Rel. Nos. 34871 (March 23, 2023) (notice) and 34889 (April 18, 2023) (order)

7
 
B.
Multiple Classes of Shares - Exemptions from Sections 18(a)(2), 18(c) and 18(i) of the Act
The Applicants request exemptive relief to the extent that the issuance and sale of multiple classes of shares of beneficial interest might be deemed to result in the issuance of a “senior security”15 within the meaning of Section 18(g) of the Act that would violate the provisions of Section 18(a)(2) of the Act, violate the equal voting provisions of Section 18(i) of the Act, and if more than one class of senior security were issued, violate Section 18(c) of the Act.
 
A registered closed-end investment company may have only one class of senior security representing indebtedness and only one class of stock that is a senior security. With respect to the class of stock that is a senior security, i.e., preferred stock, the preferred stock must have certain rights as described in Section 18(a)(2). Section 18(a)(2)(A) and (B) makes it unlawful for a registered closed-end investment company to issue a senior security that is a stock unless (a) immediately after such issuance it will have an asset coverage of at least 200% and (b) provision is made to prohibit the declaration of any distribution, upon its common stock, or the purchase of any such common stock, unless in every such case such senior security has at the time of the declaration of any such distribution, or at the time of any such purchase, an asset coverage of at least 200% after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price, as the case may be. Section 18(a)(2)(C) and (D) makes it unlawful for a registered closed-end investment company to issue a senior security that is a stock unless, stockholders have the right, voting separately as a class, to: (i) elect at least two directors at all times; (ii) elect a majority of the directors if at any time dividends on such class of securities have been unpaid in an amount equal to two full years’ dividends on such securities; and (iii) approve any plan of reorganization adversely affecting their securities or any action requiring a vote of security holders as set forth in Section 13(a).16 Section 18(a)(2)(E) requires that such class of stock will have “complete priority over any other class as to distribution of assets and payment of dividends, which dividends shall be cumulative.”

____________________________
15 See note 6.
16 Section 13(a) requires, among other things, that a majority of the fund’s outstanding voting securities must approve converting to a mutual fund format.

8
 
Section 18(i) provides: Except as provided in subsection (a) of this section, or as otherwise required by law, every share of stock hereafter issued by a registered management company ... shall be voting stock and have equal voting rights with every other outstanding voting stock: Provided, That this subsection shall not apply ... to shares issued in accordance with any rules, regulations, or orders which the Commission may make permitting such issue.
 
Finally, Section 18(c) of the Act provides that “it shall be unlawful for any registered closed-end investment company ... to issue or sell any senior security which is a stock if immediately thereafter such company will have outstanding more than one class of senior security which is a stock,” except that “any such class of ... stock may be issued in one or more series: Provided, That no such series shall have a preference or priority over any other series upon the distribution of the assets of such registered closed-end company or in respect of the payment of interest or dividends...”
 
The multi-class system proposed herein may result in shares of a class having priority over another class as to payment of dividends and having unequal voting rights, because under the proposed system (i) shareholders of different classes would pay different distribution and/or service fees (and related costs as described above), different administrative fees and any other incremental expenses that should be properly allocated to a particular class, and (ii) each class would be entitled to exclusive voting rights with respect to matters solely related to that class.
 
Applicants believe that the implementation of the proposed multi-class system will enhance shareholder options. Under a multi-class system, an investor can choose the method of purchasing shares that is most beneficial given the amount of their purchase, the length of time the investor expects to hold their shares, and other relevant circumstances. The proposed arrangements would permit a Fund to facilitate both the distribution of its securities and provide investors with a broader choice of shareholder services.
 
By contrast, if the Investment Manager was required to sponsor the organization of new, separate funds for each class of shares, the creation of new, separate funds would involve increased costs and administrative burdens borne by shareholders, as compared to the creation of additional share classes of the Funds. Unless each new fund grew at a sufficient rate and to a sufficient size, it could be faced with liquidity and diversification problems that would prevent the fund from producing a favorable return.
 
Under the proposal, owners of each class of shares may be relieved under the multi-class system of a portion of the fixed costs normally associated with investing in investment companies because these costs potentially would be spread over a greater number of shares than they would be if the classes were separate funds or portfolios. As a Fund grows in volume of assets, the investors will derive benefits from economies of scale that would not be available at smaller volumes. The Commission has long recognized that multiple class arrangements can be structured so that the concerns underlying the Act’s “senior security” provisions are satisfied. After having granted numerous exemptive orders (“multiple class exemptive orders”) to open-end investment companies permitting those funds to issue two or more classes of shares representing interests in the same portfolio,17 the Commission adopted Rule 18f-3 under the Act in 1995, which now permits open-end funds to maintain or create multiple classes without seeking individual multiple class exemptive orders, as long as certain conditions are met.18


17 See, e.g., Sierra Trust Funds, et al., Investment Co. Act Rel. No. 20093 (February 23, 1994) (Notice) and Investment Co. Act Rel. No. 20153 (March 22, 1994) (Order); see also Exemption for Open-End Management Investment Companies Issuing Multiple Classes of shares; Disclosure by Multiple Class and Master-Feeder Funds, Investment Co. Act Rel. No. 19955 (December 15, 1993).
18 See Inv. Co. Act Rel. No. 20915 (February 23, 1995). As adopted, Rule 18f-3 creates an exemption for mutual funds that issue multiple classes of shares with varying arrangements for the distribution of securities and the provision of services to shareholders. In connection with the adoption of Rule 18f-3, the Commission also amended Rule 12b-1 under the Act to clarify that each class of shares must have separate 12b-1 plan provisions. Moreover, any action on the 12b-1 plan (i.e., director or shareholder approval) must take place separately for each class. The Commission has adopted amendments to Rule 18f-3 that expand and clarify the methods by which a multiple class fund may allocate income, gains, losses and expenses and that clarify the shareholder voting provisions of the rule.

9
 
Applicants believe that the proposed closed-end investment company multiple class structure does not raise the concerns underlying Section 18 of the Act to any greater degree than open-end management investment companies’ multiple class structures. The proposed multiple class structure does not relate to borrowings and will not adversely affect a Fund’s assets. In addition, the proposed structure will not increase the speculative character of each Fund’s shares. Applicants also believe that the proposed allocation of expenses relating to distribution and/or services and voting rights is equitable and will not discriminate against any group or class of shareholders.
 
Applicants believe that the rationale for, and conditions contained in, Rule 18f-3 are as applicable to a closed-end investment company seeking to offer multiple classes of common shares with varying distribution and/or service arrangements in a single portfolio as they are to open-end management investment companies. Each Fund will comply with the provisions of Rule 18f-3 as if it were an open-end management investment company, including, among others, the rule’s provisions relating to differences in expenses, special allocations of other expenses, voting rights, conversions and exchanges and disclosures. In fact, each Fund in many ways resembles an open-end fund in its manner of operation and in the distribution of its common shares.
 
In particular, the Funds will offer their shares continuously at a price based on net asset value, plus any applicable front-end load. Differences among classes will, as detailed above, relate largely to differences in distribution and/or service arrangements. Applicants note that open-end funds and closed-end funds are subject to different technical provisions governing the issuance of senior securities. However, those technical differences do not appear relevant here. Although closed-end funds may not issue multiple classes of common shares without exemptive relief, the Commission has granted specific exemptive relief to similarly-situated closed-end funds.19 Provisions regulating the issuance by closed-end funds of debt or preferred stock should have no bearing on an application by a closed-end fund for an exemptive order permitting the issuance of multiple classes of common stock. Therefore, Applicants propose to base the conditions under which the Funds would issue multiple classes of shares of beneficial interest on those contained in Rule 18f-3.

10
 
Applicants believe that the proposed allocation of expenses and voting rights relating to the asset-based distribution and/or service fees applicable to the different classes of shares of each Fund in the manner described above is equitable and would not discriminate against any group of shareholders. Each Applicant is aware of the need for full disclosure of the proposed multi-class system in each Fund’s prospectus and of the differences among the various classes and the different expenses of each class of shares offered. Each Fund will include in its prospectus disclosure of the fees, expenses and other characteristics of each class of shares offered for sale by the prospectus, as is required for open-end multi-class funds under Form “N-1A”.20 Applicants also note that the Commission has adopted rule and form amendments to require registered open-end management investment companies to disclose fund expenses borne by shareholders during the reporting period in shareholder reports21 and to describe in their prospectuses any arrangements that result in breakpoints in, or elimination of, sales loads.22 Each Fund will include these disclosures in its shareholder reports and prospectus.
 
Each Fund will comply with any requirements that the Commission or “FINRA” may adopt regarding disclosure at the point of sale and in transaction confirmations about the costs and conflicts of interest arising out of the distribution of open-end management investment company shares, and regarding prospectus disclosure of sales loads and revenue sharing arrangements, as if those requirements applied to each Fund. In addition, each Fund will contractually require that any distributor of the Fund’s shares comply with such requirements in connection with the distribution of such Fund’s shares.
 
In June 2006, the Commission adopted enhanced fee disclosure requirements for fund of funds including registered funds of hedge funds.23 Applicants will comply with all such applicable disclosure requirements.
 
The requested relief is similar to the exemptions discussed above granted by the Commission to GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, iDirect Private Markets Fund, SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, Coatue CTEK Fund, Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, Global X Venture Fund, HarbourVest Private Investments Fund, Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, TCW Private Asset Income Fund, Callodine Specialty Income Fund, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, Redwood Real Estate Income Fund, Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund, and Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund.24  In those cases, the Commission permitted closed-end funds that offered and sold their shares continuously and that conducted periodic repurchase offers or tender offers for a portion of their shares, to implement multiple-class structures. Accordingly, the Applicants believe there is ample precedent for the implementation of a multi-class system. In those cases, the Commission permitted closed-end funds that offered and sold their shares continuously and that conducted periodic repurchase offers or tender offers for a portion of their shares, to implement multiple-class structures.
 
_________________________________
19 See GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, supra note 14; iDirect Private Markets Fund, supra note 14; SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, supra note 14; Coatue CTEK Fund, supra note 14; Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, supra note 14; Global X Venture Fund, supra note 14; HarbourVest Private Investments Fund, supra note 14; Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14; TCW Private Asset Income Fund, supra note 14; Callodine Specialty Income Fund, supra note 14; Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, supra note 14; Redwood Real Estate Income Fund, supra note 14; Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund, supra note 14; Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund, supra note 14, and Nomura Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14.
20 In all respects other than class-by-class disclosure, each Fund will comply with the requirements of Form N-2.
21 Shareholder Reports and Quarterly Portfolio Disclosure of Registered Management Investment Companies, Inv. Co. Act Rel. No. 26372 (Feb. 27, 2004) (adopting release).
22 Disclosure of Breakpoint Discounts by Mutual Funds, Investment Co. Act Rel. No. 26464 (June 7, 2004) (adopting release).
23 Fund of Funds Investments, Inv. Co. Act Rel. Nos. 26198 (Oct. 1, 2003) (proposing release) and 27399 (Jun. 20, 2006) (adopting release). See also Rules 12dl-1, et seq. of the Act.
24 See GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, supra note 14; iDirect Private Markets Fund, supra note 14; SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, supra note 14; Coatue CTEK Fund, supra note 14; Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, supra note 14; Global X Venture Fund, supra note 14; HarbourVest Private Investments Fund, supra note 14; Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14; TCW Private Asset Income Fund, supra note 14; Callodine Specialty Income Fund, supra note 14; Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, supra note 14; Redwood Real Estate Income Fund, supra note 14; Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund, supra note 14; Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund, supra note 14, and Nomura Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14.

11

C.
Early Withdrawal Charge
Rule 23c-3 under the Act permits an interval fund to make repurchase offers of between 5 and 25 percent of its outstanding shares at net asset value at periodic intervals pursuant to a fundamental policy of the interval fund. Rule 23c-3(b)(1) requires an interval fund to repurchase shares at net asset value and expressly permits the interval fund to deduct from repurchase proceeds only a repurchase fee, not to exceed two percent of proceeds, that is paid to the interval fund and is reasonably intended to compensate the fund for expenses directly related to the repurchase.
 
The Applicants seek relief from this requirement of Rule 23c-3(b)(1) to the extent necessary for the Funds to impose EWCs, which are distribution-related fees payable to a distributor, on shares submitted for repurchase that have been held for less than a specified period. The Funds may in the future seek to impose EWCs that are the functional equivalent of the CDSLs that open-end investment companies may charge under Rule 6c-10 under the Act. The Funds intend to assess EWCs in much the same way non-interval funds currently assess EWCs. As more fully described below, these charges will be paid to the distributor and are functionally similar to CDSLs imposed by open-end funds. Relief to permit the imposition of EWCs would be consistent with the approach the Commission has taken with respect to CDSLs imposed by open-end funds which offer their securities continuously, as the Fund does for its shares of beneficial interest. Any EWCs imposed by the Funds will comply with Rule 6c-10 under the Act as if the rule were applicable to closed-end funds.
 
In the Adopting Release, the Commission stated that “the requirement [of Rule 23c-3(b)(1)] that repurchases take place at net asset value and the limitation of repurchase fees to two percent implicitly preclude the imposition” of CDSLs.25 The Commission stated, however, that even though it was not proposing any provisions regarding the use of CDSLs by interval funds, “Such consideration may be appropriate after the Commission considers whether to adopt proposed Rule 6c-10, which would permit the imposition of CDSLs by open-end companies, and has the opportunity to monitor the effects of the [FINRA] sales charge rule upon distribution charges of open-end companies, which goes into effect in July of [1993].”26
 
__________________________
25 Adopting Release. Rule 23c-3(b)(l) provides in pertinent part: The company shall repurchase the stock for cash at net asset value determined on the repurchase pricing date... The company may deduct from the repurchase proceeds only a repurchase fee not to exceed two percent of the proceeds, that is paid to the company for expenses directly related to the repurchase.
26 Id.

12
 
    
Since adopting Rule 23c-3, the Commission has adopted Rule 6c-10. That rule adopts a flexible approach, and permits open-end funds to charge CDSLs as long as (i) the amount of the CDSL does not exceed a specified percentage of net asset value or offering price at the time of the purchase, (ii) the terms of the sales load comply with the provisions of the FINRA Sales Charge Rule, governing sales charges for open-end funds and (iii) deferred sales loads are imposed in a non-discriminatory fashion (scheduled variations or elimination of sales loads in accordance with Rule 22d-1 are permitted). Rule 6c-10 is grounded in policy considerations supporting the employment of CDSLs where there are adequate safeguards for the investor. These same policy considerations support imposition of EWCs in the interval fund context and are a solid basis for the Commission to grant exemptive relief to permit interval funds to impose EWCs.

With respect to the policy considerations supporting imposition of EWCs, as the Commission recognized when it promulgated Rule 23c-3, several non-interval funds that had been making periodic repurchase offers to their shareholders imposed EWCs comparable to CDSLs.27 Traditional closed-end funds, which do not regularly offer to repurchase shares, do not generally impose EWCs although nothing in the Act would preclude them from doing so. Section 23(c)(2) of the Act does not regulate the price at which shares may be purchased in a tender offer. When a closed-end fund continuously offers its shares at net asset value and provides its shareholders with periodic opportunities to tender their shares, however, the fund’s distributor (like the distributor of an open-end fund) may need to recover distribution costs from shareholders who exit their investments early. Moreover, like open-end funds, interval funds need to discourage investors from moving their money quickly in and out of the fund, a practice that imposes costs on all shareholders.
 
Neither the Proposing Release nor the Adopting Release suggests that the purpose underlying Rule 23c-3(b)(l)’s requirements that repurchases take place at net asset value is to preclude interval funds from imposing EWCs. Rather, its purpose is to prohibit funds from discriminating among shareholders in prices paid for shares tendered in a repurchase offer.1 The best price rules under Rule 23c- l(a)(9) under the Act and Rule 13e-4(f)(8)(ii) under the Exchange Act address this same concern. The Commission staff does not construe those rules to forbid closed-end funds making repurchase offers under Section 23(c)(2) from imposing EWCs.2 There is, in the Applicants’ view, no rational basis to apply Rule 23c-3(b)(l)’s requirements differently. Moreover, each Fund will be treating all similarly situated shareholders the same. Each Fund will disclose to all shareholders the applicability of the EWCs (and any scheduled waivers of the EWCs) to each category of shareholders and, as a result, no inequitable treatment of shareholders with respect to the price paid in a repurchase offer will result. Each Fund also will disclose EWCs in accordance with the requirements of Form “N-1A” concerning CDSLs.
 
As required by Rule 6c-10 for open-end funds, each Fund relying on the Order will comply with shareholder service and distribution fee limits imposed by the FINRA Sales Charge Rule on the same basis as if it were an open-end investment company. In this regard, a Fund will pay service and distribution fees pursuant to plans that are designed to meet the requirements of the FINRA Sales Charge Rule on the same basis as if it were an open-end investment company subject to that rule.
 
________________________
27 Adopting Release, Section II.A.7.c. Section 23(c)(2) does not require that repurchases be made at net asset value.
28 See Proposing Release, Section II.A.7; Adopting Release, Section II.A.7.
29 See Adopting Release, Section II.A.7.c. (recognizing that several closed-end funds making periodic repurchases pursuant to Section 23(c)(2) impose early withdrawal charges).

13
 
The Commission has previously granted the same type of exemptive relief requested herein.30 In each case, the Commission granted relief from Rule 23c-3(b)(l) to an interval fund to charge EWCs to certain shareholders who tender for repurchase shares that have been held for less than a specified period.
 
D.
Waivers of EWCs
Each Fund may grant waivers of the EWCs on repurchases in connection with certain categories of shareholders or transactions established from time to time. Each Fund will apply the EWCs (and any waivers scheduled variations or eliminations of the EWCs) uniformly to all shareholders in a given class and consistently with the requirements of Rule 22d-1 under the Act as if the Funds were open-end investment companies. The shares that benefit from such waivers are less likely to be the cause of rapid turnover in shares of a Fund, particularly where there are also important policy reasons to waive the EWCs, such as when shares are tendered for repurchase due to the death, disability or retirement of the shareholder. Events such as death, disability or retirement are not likely to cause high turnover in shares of a Fund, and financial needs on the part of the shareholder or the shareholder’s family are often precipitated by such events. The EWCs may also be waived in connection with a number of additional circumstances, including the following repurchases of shares held by employer sponsored benefit plans: (i) repurchases to satisfy participant loan advances; (ii) repurchases in connection with distributions qualifying under the hardship provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended; and (iii) repurchases representing returns of excess contributions to such plans. Furthermore, if a distributor has not incurred significant promotional expenses (by making up-front payments to selling dealers) in connection with attracting shareholders in a particular category to a Fund, the waiver of the EWCs works to shareholders’ advantage while not harming the distributor economically.
 
In adopting amended Rule 22d-1 in February 1985, the Commission recognized that the adoption of Rule 22c-1 to “require forward pricing of fund shares largely dispelled concerns about share dilution.” Furthermore, “the sales load variations that have been instituted [through Rules 22d-1 through 22d-5 and exemptive orders prior to February 1985] have improved the competitive environment for the sale of fund shares without disrupting the distribution system for the sale of those shares.”31 In light of these circumstances, the Commission believed that “it is appropriate to permit a broader range of scheduled variation” as permitted in amended Rule 22d-1.32 Rule 22d-1 permits open-end funds to sell their shares at prices that reflect scheduled “variations in, or elimination of, the sales load to particular classes of investors or transactions” provided that the conditions of the rule are met. When Rule 22d-1 was adopted, the status of CDSLs for open-end funds and waivers of those charges were not covered by any rule and were the subject of exemptive orders. Rule 6c-10 permitting CDSLs for open-end funds, adopted in April 1995, permits scheduled variations in, or elimination of, CDSLs for a particular class of shareholders or transactions, provided that the conditions of Rule 22d-1 are satisfied.33 The same policy concerns and competitive benefits applicable to scheduled variations in or elimination of sales loads for open-end funds are applicable to interval funds and the same safeguards built into Rules 22d-1 and 6c-10 that protect the shareholders of open-end funds will protect the shareholders of interval funds so long as interval funds comply with those rules as though applicable to interval funds.

___________________________
30 See GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, supra note 14; iDirect Private Markets Fund, supra note 14; SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, supra note 14; Coatue CTEK Fund, supra note 14; Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, supra note 14; Global X Venture Fund, supra note 14; HarbourVest Private Investments Fund, supra note 14; Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14; TCW Private Asset Income Fund, supra note 14; Callodine Specialty Income Fund, supra note 14; Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, supra note 14; Redwood Real Estate Income Fund, supra note 14; Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund, supra note 14; Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund, supra note 14, and Nomura Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14.
31 Inv. Co. Act Rel. No. 14390 (February 2, 1985).
32 Id.
33 Rule 22d-1 requires that the scheduled variations in or elimination of the sales load must apply uniformly to all offerees in the class specified and the company must disclose to existing shareholders and prospective investors adequate information concerning any scheduled variation, revise its prospectus and statement of additional information to describe any new variation before making it available to purchasers, and advise existing shareholders of any new variation within one year of when first made available.
 
 

14
 
The Applicants submit that it would be impracticable and contrary to the purpose of Rule 23c-3 to preclude interval funds from providing for scheduled variations in, or elimination of, EWCs, subject to appropriate safeguards. For the reasons stated above, Applicants submit that the exemptions requested under section 6(c) are necessary and appropriate in the public interest and are consistent with the protection of investors and the purposes fairly intended by the policy and provision of the Act.

E.
Asset-Based Distribution and/or Service Fees
Applicants request relief from the provisions of Section 17(d) of the Act and Rule 17d-1 thereunder, to the extent necessary to permit the Funds to impose asset-based distribution and/or service fees (in a manner analogous to Rule 12b-1 fees for an open-end investment company). Section 12(b) of the Act and Rule 12b-1 thereunder do not apply to closed-end investment companies. Accordingly, no provisions of the Act or the rules thereunder explicitly limits the ability of a closed-end investment company to impose an asset-based distribution and/or service fee.34
 
Section 17(d) of the Act prohibits an affiliated person of a registered investment company or an affiliated person of such person, acting as principal, from effecting any transaction in which such registered company is a joint, or a joint and several, participant, in contravention of Commission regulations. Rule 17d-1 provides that no joint transaction covered by the rule may be consummated unless the Commission issues an order upon application.
 
In reviewing applications pursuant to Section 17(d) and Rule 17d-1, the Commission considers whether an investment company’s participation in a joint enterprise or joint arrangement is consistent with the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act, and the extent to which the participation is on a basis different from or less advantageous than that of other participants. Section 17(d) of the Act is intended to prevent or limit abuses arising from conflicts of interest; however, Section 17(d) itself does not prohibit any specific activities, but instead, authorizes the Commission to approve rules to limit or prevent an investment company from being a joint participant on a different or less advantageous basis than other participants. Under Rule 17d-1, it is unlawful for an affiliated person, acting as principal, to participate in or effect any transaction in connection with a joint enterprise or other joint arrangement in which the investment company is a participant, without prior Commission approval. The protections provided for in Section 17(d) essentially allow the Commission to set standards for all transactions concerning an investment company and an affiliate which could be construed as self-dealing or involve overreaching by the affiliate to the detriment of the investment company.
 
The protections developed and approved by the Commission for open-end management investment companies in Rule 12b-1 will be complied with by each Fund in connection with its plan with respect to each class of shares as if the Fund were an open-end management investment company. Therefore, the Funds will participate in substantially the same way and under substantially the same conditions as would be the case with an open-end management investment company imposing asset-based distribution and/or shareholder servicing fees under Rule 12b-1.

______________________
34 Applicants do not concede that Section 17(d) applies to the asset-based distribution and/or service fees discussed herein, but requests this exemption to eliminate any uncertainty.

15
 
Applicants note that, at the same time the Commission adopted Rule 12b-1,35 it also adopted Rule 17d-3 to provide an exemption from Section 17(d) and Rule 17d-l to the extent necessary for arrangements between open-end funds and their affiliated persons or principal underwriters (or affiliated persons of such persons or principal underwriters) whereby payments are made by the open-end fund with respect to distribution, if such agreements are entered into in compliance with Rule 12b-l. In its adopting release, the Commission stated as follows:
 
The Commission wishes to emphasize that it has no intention of categorizing certain transactions as raising the applicability of Section 17(d) and Rule 17d-3 of the Act. The Commission’s only comment is that to the extent that arrangements in which a fund pays for its distribution costs could involve the fund in a ‘joint enterprise’ with an affiliated person, and if such arrangements were entered into in compliance with Rule 12b-1, the Commission sees no need for prior Commission review and approval of the arrangements.36
 
As closed-end management investment companies, the Funds may not rely on Rule 17d-3. However, in light of the foregoing, Applicants believe any Section 17(d) concerns the Commission might have in connection with a Fund’s financing the distribution of its shares should be resolved by the Fund’s undertaking to comply with the provisions of Rules 12b-1 and 17d-3 as if those rules applied to closed-end investment companies. Accordingly, the Funds will comply with Rules 12b-1 and 17d-3 as if those rules applied to closed- end investment companies. The Funds represent that the Funds’ imposition of asset-based distribution and/or service fees is consistent with factors considered by the Commission in reviewing applications for relief from Section 17(d) of the Act and Rule 17d-1 thereunder (i.e., that the imposition of such fees as described is consistent with the provisions, policies and purposes of the Act and does not involve participation on a basis different from or less advantageous than that of other participants).
 
VI. APPLICANTS’ CONDITION
 
Applicants agree that any Order granting the requested relief will be subject to the following condition:
 
Each Fund relying on the Order will comply with the provisions of Rules 6c-10, 12b-1, 17d-3, 18f-3, 22d-1, and, where applicable, 11a-3 under the Act, as amended from time to time, as if those rules applied to closed-end management investment companies, and will comply with the FINRA Sales Charge Rule, as amended from time to time, as if that rule applied to all closed-end management investment companies.
 
VII. CORPORATE ACTION
 
The Initial Fund’s Declaration of Trust empowers the Board of the Initial Fund to establish different classes of shares and to take any other action necessary to accomplish the establishment and creation of such classes of shares. The Board has adopted resolutions, attached as Exhibit A, authorizing the Initial Fund to file the Application with the Commission.

__________________________________
35See Bearing of Distribution Expenses by Mutual Funds, Inv. Co. Act Rel. No. 11414 (Oct. 28, 1980).
36 Id.
 
16
 
VIII. CONCLUSION
 
For the reasons stated above, Applicants submit that the exemptions requested are necessary and appropriate in the public interest and are consistent with the protection of investors and the purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions of the Act. Applicants further submit that the relief requested pursuant to Section 23(c)(3) will be consistent with the protection of investors and will ensure that Applicants do not unfairly discriminate against any holders of the class of securities to be purchased. Applicants desire that the Commission issue the requested Order pursuant to Rule 0-5 under the Act without conducting a hearing.
 
Applicants submit that the exemptions requested conform substantially to the precedent cited herein.37
 
As required by Rule 0-2(c)(1) under the Act, each Applicant hereby states that all of the requirements for execution and filing of this Application on behalf of the Applicants have been complied with in accordance with the organizational documents of the Applicants, as applicable, and the undersigned officers of the Applicants are fully authorized to execute this Application. The resolutions of the Fund’s initial Trustee are attached as Exhibit A to this Application in accordance with the requirements of Rule 0-2(c)(l) under the Act and the verifications required by Rule 0-2(d) under the Act are attached as Exhibit B to this Application.
 
Pursuant to Rule 0-2(f) under the Act, the Initial Fund states that its address is 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 and the Investment Manager states that its address is 601 Lexington Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York 10022. All written communications regarding this Application should be directed to the individuals and addresses indicated on the first page of this Application.
 
* * * * *
[Signature page follows]

________________________________
37 See GoldenTree Opportunistic Credit Fund, supra note 14; iDirect Private Markets Fund, supra note 14; SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, supra note 14; Coatue CTEK Fund, supra note 14; Capital Group KKR Multi-Sector+, supra note 14; Global X Venture Fund, supra note 14; HarbourVest Private Investments Fund, supra note 14; Privacore PCAAM Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14; TCW Private Asset Income Fund, supra note 14; Callodine Specialty Income Fund, supra note 14; Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, supra note 14; Redwood Real Estate Income Fund, supra note 14; Wellington Global Multi-Strategy Fund, supra note 14; Aether Infrastructure & Natural Resources Fund, supra note 14, and Nomura Alternative Income Fund, supra note 14.
 
17

Applicants have caused this Application to be duly signed on their behalf on the 12th day of September, 2025.
 
 
LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund


By:      /s/ Benjamin J. Eirich                        
Name: Benjamin J. Eirich
Title:   President
 


LibreMax Capital, LLC
 

By:      /s/ Frank Bruttomesso                        
Name: Frank Bruttomesso
Title:   General Counsel and Chief Operating Officer
18

EXHIBIT A
 
Resolutions of the Board of Trustees of LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
 
RESOLVED, that LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund (the “Fund”) is authorized to prepare and file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission an application for an exemptive order and any and all amendments thereto, pursuant to Section 6(c), of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), granting an exemption from the provisions of Sections 18(a)(2), 18(c) and 18(i) thereunder and pursuant to Sections 6(c) and 23(c) of the 1940 Act for an order granting certain exemptions from Rule 23c-3 thereunder and pursuant to Section 17(d) of the 1940 Act and Rule 17d-1 thereunder for an order permitting certain arrangements; and it is
 
FURTHER RESOLVED, that the appropriate officers of the Fund are authorized and directed to take or cause to be taken any and all such actions as may be necessary or desirable to carry out the purpose of the foregoing resolutions, including the filing of any authorizations, documents or approvals as required under the 1940 Act, and the taking of any and all such action shall constitute conclusive evidence of the authority of such officer(s).


 
Exhibit A

EXHIBIT B
 
Verifications of LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund and LibreMax Capital, LLC
 
The undersigned states that he has duly executed the attached application dated September 12, 2025 for and on behalf of LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund in his capacity as President of such entity and that all actions by the holders and other bodies necessary to authorize the undersigned to execute and file such instrument have been taken. The undersigned further states that he is familiar with such instrument, and the contents thereof, and that the facts therein set forth are true to the best of his knowledge, information and belief.
 
LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
 
By:      /s/ Benjamin J. Eirich                    
Name: Benjamin J. Eirich
Title:   President
 
The undersigned states that he has duly executed the attached application dated September 12, 2025 for and on behalf of LibreMax Capital, LLC, in his capacity as General Counsel and Chief Operating Officer of such entity and that all actions by the holders and other bodies necessary to authorize the undersigned to execute and file such instrument have been taken. The undersigned further states that he is familiar with such instrument, and the contents thereof, and that the facts therein set forth are true to the best of his knowledge, information and belief.
 
LibreMax Capital, LLC
 
By:      /s/ Frank Bruttomesso                         
Name: Frank Bruttomesso
Title:   General Counsel and Chief Operating Officer
 

Exhibit B



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