Form 485APOS Series Portfolios Trust
Filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on September 21, 2026
1933 Act Registration File No.333-206240
1940 Act File No. 811-23084
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
| REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | [ | X | ] | ||||||||||||||
| Pre-Effective Amendment No. | [ | ] | |||||||||||||||
| Post-Effective Amendment No. | 253 | [ | X | ] | |||||||||||||
and/or
| REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | [ | X | ] | ||||||||||||||
| Amendment No. | 256 | [ | X | ] | |||||||||||||
(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
Series Portfolios Trust
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, WI 53202
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (414) 516-1652
| Ryan L. Roell, President and Principal Executive Officer | ||
| Series Portfolios Trust | ||
| 615 East Michigan Street | ||
| Milwaukee, WI 53202 | ||
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copy to:
JoAnn M. Strasser, Esq. | ||
Thompson Hine LLP | ||
41 South High Street, Suite 1700 | ||
Columbus, Ohio 43215 | ||
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
| [ | ] | immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) | |||||||||
| [ | ] | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b) | |||||||||
| [ | ] | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) | |||||||||
| [ | ] | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) | |||||||||
| [ | X | ] | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) | ||||||||
| [ | ] | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. | |||||||||
If appropriate, check the following box:
| [ | ] | This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. | |||||||||
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
DATED SEPTEMBER 21, 2026
THE INFORMATION HEREIN IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE SEC IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.

Kayne Energy Equity ETF
Listed on [NYSE Arca, Inc.]: [KEI]
Kayne Power Equity ETF
Listed on [NYSE Arca, Inc.]: [KGRD]
Prospectus
[...], 2026
www.kaynefunds.com
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Kayne Energy Equity ETF
Kayne Power Equity ETF
Each a series of Series Portfolios Trust (the “Trust”)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Fund Summaries | ||
Kayne Energy Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Kayne Energy Equity ETF (the “Fund”) seeks total return from income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and Example below.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | |||||
| Management Fees | [0.85]% | ||||
| Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees | 0.00% | ||||
Other Expenses(1) | 0.00% | ||||
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(2) | [...] | ||||
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | [...] | ||||
(1) “Other Expenses” are estimated for the Fund’s current fiscal year.
(2) Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (“AFFE”) are the indirect costs of investing in other investment companies and are estimated for the Fund’s current fiscal year. The total annual fund operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Fund’s financial highlights (when available) which only reflect the direct operating expenses incurred by the Fund.
Example
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
| One Year | Three Years | ||||
| [...] | [...] | ||||
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. No portfolio turnover rate is provided for the Fund because the Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this Prospectus.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). The Fund’s investment adviser, Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (the “Adviser”), seeks to achieve the Fund’s investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity instruments of energy companies.
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The Fund defines energy companies as those that (i) derive a majority of their revenue or profits, as determined by the Adviser, from energy-related endeavors; or (ii) have a majority of their assets in energy-related endeavors (“Energy Companies”). The Adviser considers “energy-related endeavors” to include the exploration, production, refining, processing, fractionation, liquefaction, transportation, storage or distribution of energy-related natural resources including: natural gas (including liquified natural gas, or LNG), natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined products or water produced or used in conjunction with such activities. Energy Companies may also include companies involved in providing products or services to companies engaged in energy-related endeavors.
The Fund’s investments in equity instruments may include common stock, preferred stock, hybrid securities (securities that have characteristics of both equity and fixed income securities), units issued by master limited partnership interests (“MLPs”), American depositary receipts (“ADRs”), and options on equity instruments or equity instrument indices. MLPs may be treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. While the Fund may invest in equity securities of MLPs, the Fund will limit its investment in MLPs, or other companies taxed as partnerships, in order to comply with applicable tax diversification rules. Hybrid securities are those with a conversion feature such as a convertible bond that may be converted to common stock.
The Adviser selects investments it believes present attractive potential income and/or capital appreciation. The Adviser’s investment process is focused on (i) fundamental analysis of the company, (ii) internal valuation methodologies, and the (iii) projected rate of return from the investment relative to its level of risk. As part of its fundamental analysis, the Adviser is focused on a variety of factors, including the company’s asset quality, cash flow and earnings projections, historical financial results, capital structure, liquidity and balance sheet strength, and the management team’s track record. The Adviser sells an instrument when it believes its investment profile no longer represents an attractive value relative to the investment’s risk profile or to fund a more attractive investment. The factors the Adviser considers and investment methods employed by the Adviser can change over time.
The Adviser may utilize options in executing the Fund’s investment strategy. When the Fund sells a call option, the holder of that option has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specified period of time. When the Fund sells a put option, the holder of that option has the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specified period of time. When the Fund purchases a call option, the Fund has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specific time period. When the Fund purchases a put option, the Fund has the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specific time period. When the Adviser believes an equity, asset class, or the equity market in general is expected to produce significantly above-average returns it may utilize options to amplify returns. When the Adviser believes an equity, asset class, or the equity market in general is expected to produce losses it may utilize options to protect returns.
The Fund invests without restriction as to issuer capitalization or country, or currency. However, securities of emerging market issuers are not part of the Fund’s principal investment strategy.
The Fund is non-diversified, which means that it may invest a significant portion of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or small number of issuers. In addition, the Fund has a policy of concentrating its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in the securities of issuers from the energy industry. The Fund intends to be taxed as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and comply with all RIC-related restrictions.
Principal Risks
As with any fund, there are risks to investing. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency. In addition to possibly not achieving your investment goals, you could lose all or a portion of your investment in the Fund over short or even long periods of time. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are summarized below.
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ETF Risks. The Fund is an ETF, and, as a result of its structure, it is exposed to the following risks:
•Authorized Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has only a limited number of institutional investors (known as “Authorized Participants” or “APs”) that are authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Fund may trade at a material discount to the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Fund, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, shares of the Fund may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of shares of the Fund will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, there are likely to be deviations between the current price of a security and the security’s last quoted price from the closed foreign market. This may result in premiums and discounts that are greater than those experienced by domestic ETFs.
•Trading. Although shares of the Fund are listed for trading on the [NYSE Arca] (the “Exchange”), there can be no assurance that an active trading market for shares will develop or be maintained or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the market for shares of the Fund may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the Fund’s shares, in turn, can lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. In addition, trading in Fund shares may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares of the Fund inadvisable. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Early Close/Trading Halt. An exchange or market may close early or issue trading halts on specific securities or financial instruments. The ability to trade certain securities or financial instruments may be restricted, which may disrupt the Fund’s creation and redemption process, potentially affect the price at which the Fund’s shares trade in the secondary market, and/or result in the Fund being unable to trade certain securities or financial instruments. In these circumstances, the Fund may be unable to rebalance its portfolio, may be unable to accurately price its investments and/or may incur substantial trading losses. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Listing Standards Risk. The Fund is required to comply with listing requirements adopted by the listing exchange. Non-compliance with such requirements may result in the Fund's shares being delisted by the listing exchange. Any resulting liquidation of the Fund could cause the Fund to incur elevated transaction costs and could result in negative tax consequences for its shareholders.
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New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.
Active Management Risk. Active management by the Adviser in selecting and maintaining a portfolio of securities that will achieve the Fund’s investment objective could cause the Fund to underperform compared to other funds having similar investment objectives. If the market advances during periods when the Fund is holding a large cash position, the Fund will likely miss out on gains or underperform the market as compared to if the Fund had been more fully invested.
Industry Concentration Risk. The Fund’s investments will be concentrated in the securities of issuers in the energy industry. The focus of the Fund’s portfolio on this specific industry may present more risks than if the portfolio were broadly diversified over numerous groups of industries.
Energy Sector Risk. The Fund focuses on its investments in the energy sector, and will therefore be susceptible to adverse economic, environmental, business, regulatory or other occurrences affecting that sector. The energy sector has experienced significant volatility in historical periods, including a historic drop in crude oil and natural gas prices in March and April 2020 attributable to the significant decrease in demand for oil and other energy commodities. This low price environment caused financial hardship for many energy companies. Companies operating in the energy sector are subject to specific risks, including, among others, fluctuations in commodity prices, reduced consumer demand for commodities, reduced availability of commodities, extreme weather or other natural disasters.
Equity Securities Risk. The prices of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio investing in equities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies the Fund invests in decline or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate.
Common Stock Risk. While common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed income securities over the long-term, common stock has also experienced significantly more volatility in those returns, although under certain market conditions, fixed-income investments may have comparable or greater price volatility. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of common stock held by the Fund. Also, the price of common stock is sensitive to general movements in the stock market. A drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stock held by the Fund.
Preferred Stock Risk. Preferred stocks may be more volatile than fixed-income securities and are more correlated with the issuer’s underlying common stock than fixed-income securities. Additionally, the dividend on a preferred stock may be changed or omitted by the issuer. Preferred stock market values may change based on changes in interest rates.
Convertible Securities Risk. If market interest rates rise, the value of a convertible security usually falls. In addition, convertible securities are subject to the risk that the issuer will not be able to pay interest or dividends when due, and their market value may change based on changes in the issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of the issuer’s creditworthiness. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security is also subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock.
Hybrid Securities Risk. Hybrid securities are subject to the risks of equity securities and risks of debt securities. The claims of holders of hybrid securities of an issuer are generally subordinated to those of holders of traditional debt securities in bankruptcy, and thus hybrid securities may be more volatile and subject to greater risk than traditional debt securities, and may in certain circumstances even be more volatile than traditional equity securities. At the same time, hybrid securities may not fully participate in gains of their issuer and thus potential returns of such securities are generally more limited than traditional equity securities, which would participate in such gains.
Large Capitalization Risk. Larger, more established companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges such as changes in technology and consumer tastes. Larger companies also may not be able to attain the high growth rates of successful smaller companies.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more
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unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.
Foreign Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in securities or other instruments denominated in non-U.S. currencies. Such investments involve currency risks, including unfavorable currency exchange rate developments and political or governmental intervention in currency trading or valuation.
Foreign Currency Risk. When the Fund buys or sells securities on a foreign stock exchange, the transaction is undertaken in the local currency rather than in U.S. dollars. The value of the foreign currency may increase or decrease against the value of the U.S. dollar, which may impact the value of the Fund’s portfolio holdings and your investment. Other countries may adopt economic policies and/or currency exchange controls that affect their currency valuations in a manner that is disadvantageous to U.S. investors and companies. Such practices may restrict or prohibit the Fund’s ability to repatriate both investment capital and income, or may impose fees for doing so, which could place the Fund’s assets at risk of total loss.
Depositary Receipts Risk. Depositary Receipts are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the social, political and economic risks of the underlying issuer’s country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on non-U.S. markets, exchange risk. Issuers of unsponsored ADRs are not contractually obligated to disclose material information in the U.S., so there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the unsponsored ADR.
Options Risk. Options transactions involve special risks that may make it difficult or impossible to close a position when the Fund desires. A fund may lose some or all of the premium paid to purchase an option if the option expires unexercised or the Fund is unable to close the position on favorable terms. A fund that writes options receives a premium that may be small relative to the loss realized in the event of adverse changes in the value of the underlying instruments. A fund that writes covered call options gives up the opportunity to profit from any increase in the market value of the underlying security above the sum of the premium received and the option exercise price while the option is in effect but retains the risk of loss should the value of the underlying security decline. If a written call option is exercised, the Fund will be required to sell the underlying security at the exercise price, even if the security's market value is higher. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position.
MLP Risk. Investments in securities of MLPs involve risks that differ from investments in common stock including risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner and cash flow risks. MLP common units and other equity securities can be affected by macro-economic and other factors affecting the stock market in general, expectations of interest rates, investor sentiment towards MLPs or the energy sector, changes in a particular issuer’s financial condition, or unfavorable or unanticipated poor performance of a particular issuer (in the case of MLPs, generally measured in terms of distributable cash flow). Prices of common units of individual MLPs and other equity securities also can be affected by fundamentals unique to the partnership or company, including historical and projected financial results. MLP interests may not be as liquid as other more commonly traded equity securities.
Market Events Risk. One or more markets in which the Fund invests may go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. This may be due to numerous factors, including changes in interest rates, the outlook for corporate profits, the health of the national and world economies, national and world social and political (including geopolitical) events, governmental actions, tariff and trade disruptions, and the fluctuation of other stock markets around the world.
Non-Diversification Risk. Because the Fund is “non-diversified,” it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a lesser number of issuers than if it was a diversified fund. As a result, the Fund may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a lesser number of issuers than a fund that invests more widely. This may increase the Fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively small number of issuers to have a greater impact on the Fund’s performance.
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Section 351 Risk. The initial capital raised from investors is expected to include in-kind contributions of securities in exchange for the Fund’s shares. In-kind contributions may qualify for non-recognition treatment to the contributing parties under Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, assuming that the requirements of Section 351 are met, which would have corresponding consequences for the tax basis to the Fund in those contributed securities. There can be no assurances regarding the value or tax basis of the contributions in kind, which could result in a negative effect on after-tax returns to investors seeding the Fund, and/or other investors in the Fund.
Performance
Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this Prospectus. Performance information will be available once the Fund has at least one calendar year of performance. The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future and does not guarantee future results. Updated performance information will be available on the Fund’s website at www.kaynefunds.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-800-617-0004.
Management
Investment Adviser
Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. is the Fund’s investment adviser.
Portfolio Managers
Jim Baker, Portfolio Manager, Managing Partner and Co-Head of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business, Harrison Little, Co-Head & Head of Research of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business and Gordon Hamilton, Portfolio Manager & Senior Manager Director of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business, are the portfolio managers jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. Messrs. Baker, Little and Hamilton have each managed the Fund since its inception in [...] 2026.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Shares of the Fund are listed on the Exchange, and individual shares may only be bought and sold in the secondary market through brokers at market prices, rather than NAV. Because shares of the Fund trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems its shares at NAV only in large specified numbers of shares known as “Creation Units,” which only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of securities and/or a designated amount of U.S. cash.
Investors may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Shares (ask) when buying or selling Shares in the secondary market (the “bid-ask spread”). Recent information about the Fund, including its NAV, market price, premiums and discounts, and bid-ask spreads [will be] available on the Fund’s website at www.kaynefunds.com.
Tax Information
Fund distributions are generally taxable as ordinary income, qualified dividend income, or capital gains (or a combination), unless your investment is in an IRA or other tax-advantaged account. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those accounts.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (an “Intermediary”), the Adviser or its affiliates may pay Intermediaries for certain activities related to the Fund, including participation in activities that are designed to make Intermediaries more knowledgeable about exchange traded products, including the Fund, or for other activities, such as marketing, educational training or other initiatives related to the sale or promotion of
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Shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Any such arrangements do not result in increased Fund expenses. Ask your salesperson or visit the Intermediary’s website for more information.
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Kayne Power Equity ETF
Investment Objective
The Kayne Power Equity ETF (the “Fund”) seeks total return from income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and Example below.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) | |||||
| Management Fees | [0.85]% | ||||
| Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees | 0.00% | ||||
Other Expenses(1) | 0.00% | ||||
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(2) | [...] | ||||
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | [...] | ||||
(1) “Other Expenses” are estimated for the Fund’s current fiscal year.
(2) Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (“AFFE”) are the indirect costs of investing in other investment companies and are estimated for the Fund’s current fiscal year. The total annual fund operating expenses in this fee table will not correlate to the expense ratio in the Fund’s financial highlights (when available) which only reflect the direct operating expenses incurred by the Fund.
Example
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then sell all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
| One Year | Three Years | ||||
| [...] | [...] | ||||
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. No portfolio turnover rate is provided for the Fund because the Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this Prospectus.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). The Fund’s investment adviser, Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (the “Adviser”) seeks to achieve the Fund’s investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity instruments of power companies.
The Fund defines power companies as those that either (i) derive a majority of their revenue or profits from; or (ii) have a majority of their assets or service offerings focused on: (a) electrical power generation, transmission, distribution, storage
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or marketing or (b) natural gas transportation, storage, gathering processing, liquefaction, or marketing (“Power Companies”). Power Companies include utilities, independent power producers, electricity and natural gas transmission and distribution network operators, electricity retailers, energy storage providers, nuclear energy companies, renewable energy companies and companies offering supporting technologies or services. Power Companies may work with power generated from a wide range of sources, including conventional (e.g., coal, natural gas, nuclear) and renewable (e.g., solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, hydrogen fuel cell) resources. Power Companies may also provide products or services to companies operating in the power sector, including products and services supporting grid modernization, energy efficiency, and the integration of advanced power and energy technologies.
The Fund’s investments in equity instruments may include common stock, preferred stock, hybrid securities (securities that have characteristics of both equity and fixed income securities), units issued by master limited partnership interests (“MLPs”), American depositary receipts (“ADRs”), and options on equity instruments or equity instrument indices. MLPs may be treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. While the Fund may invest in equity securities of MLPs, the Fund will limit its investment in MLPs, or other companies taxed as partnerships, in order to comply with applicable tax diversification rules. Hybrid securities are those with a conversion feature such as a convertible bond that may be converted to common stock.
The Adviser selects investments it believes present attractive potential income and/or capital appreciation. The Adviser’s investment process is focused on (i) fundamental analysis of the company, (ii) internal valuation methodologies, and the (iii) projected rate of return from the investment relative to its level of risk. As part of its fundamental analysis, the Adviser is focused on a variety of factors, including the company’s asset quality, cash flow and earnings projections, historical financial results, capital structure, liquidity and balance sheet strength, and the management team’s track record. The Adviser sells an instrument when it believes its investment profile no longer represents an attractive value relative to the investment’s risk profile or to fund a more attractive investment. The factors the Adviser considers and investment methods employed by the Adviser can change over time.
The Adviser may utilize options in executing the Fund’s investment strategy. When the Fund sells a call option, the holder of that option has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specified period of time. When the Fund sells a put option, the holder of that option has the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specified period of time. When the Fund purchases a call option, the Fund has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specific time period. When the Fund purchases a put option, the Fund has the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specific time period. When the Adviser believes an equity, asset class, or the equity market in general is expected to produce significantly above-average returns it may utilize options to amplify returns. When the Adviser believes an equity, asset class, or the equity market in general is expected to produce losses it may utilize options to protect returns.
The Fund invests without restriction as to issuer capitalization or country, or currency. However, securities of emerging market issuers are not part of the Fund's principal investment strategy.
The Fund is non-diversified, which means that it may invest a significant portion of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or small number of issuers. In addition, the Fund has a policy of concentrating its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in the securities of issuers from the power industry. The Fund intends to be taxed as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and comply with all RIC-related restrictions.
Principal Risks
As with any fund, there are risks to investing. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency. In addition to possibly not achieving your investment goals, you could lose all or a portion of your investment in the Fund over short or even long periods of time. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are summarized below.
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ETF Risks. The Fund is an ETF, and, as a result of its structure, it is exposed to the following risks:
•Authorized Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has only a limited number of institutional investors (known as “Authorized Participants” or “APs”) that are authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Fund may trade at a material discount to the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Fund, including brokerage commissions imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, shares of the Fund may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of shares of the Fund will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is limited trading activity for shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day. Because securities held by the Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, there are likely to be deviations between the current price of a security and the security’s last quoted price from the closed foreign market. This may result in premiums and discounts that are greater than those experienced by domestic ETFs.
•Trading. Although shares of the Fund are listed for trading on the [NYSE Arca] (the “Exchange”), there can be no assurance that an active trading market for shares will develop or be maintained or that shares will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the market for shares of the Fund may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings. This adverse effect on liquidity for the Fund’s shares, in turn, can lead to differences between the market price of the Fund’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. In addition, trading in Fund shares may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares of the Fund inadvisable. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Early Close/Trading Halt. An exchange or market may close early or issue trading halts on specific securities or financial instruments. The ability to trade certain securities or financial instruments may be restricted, which may disrupt the Fund’s creation and redemption process, potentially affect the price at which the Fund’s shares trade in the secondary market, and/or result in the Fund being unable to trade certain securities or financial instruments. In these circumstances, the Fund may be unable to rebalance its portfolio, may be unable to accurately price its investments and/or may incur substantial trading losses. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
•Listing Standards Risk. The Fund is required to comply with listing requirements adopted by the listing exchange. Non-compliance with such requirements may result in the Fund's shares being delisted by the listing exchange. Any resulting liquidation of the Fund could cause the Fund to incur elevated transaction costs and could result in negative tax consequences for its shareholders.
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New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision.
Active Management Risk. Active management by the Adviser in selecting and maintaining a portfolio of securities that will achieve the Fund’s investment objective could cause the Fund to underperform compared to other funds having similar investment objectives. If the market advances during periods when the Fund is holding a large cash position, the Fund will likely miss out on gains or underperform the market as compared to if the Fund had been more fully invested.
Industry Concentration Risk. The Fund’s investments will be concentrated in the securities of issuers in the power group of industries. The focus of the Fund’s portfolio on these specific industries may present more risks than if the portfolio were broadly diversified over numerous groups of industries.
Equity Securities Risk. The prices of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio investing in equities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies the Fund invests in decline or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate.
Common Stock Risk. While common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed income securities over the long-term, common stock has also experienced significantly more volatility in those returns, although under certain market conditions, fixed-income investments may have comparable or greater price volatility. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of common stock held by the Fund. Also, the price of common stock is sensitive to general movements in the stock market. A drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stock held by the Fund.
Preferred Stock Risk. Preferred stocks may be more volatile than fixed-income securities and are more correlated with the issuer’s underlying common stock than fixed-income securities. Additionally, the dividend on a preferred stock may be changed or omitted by the issuer. Preferred stock market values may change based on changes in interest rates.
Convertible Securities Risk. If market interest rates rise, the value of a convertible security usually falls. In addition, convertible securities are subject to the risk that the issuer will not be able to pay interest or dividends when due, and their market value may change based on changes in the issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of the issuer’s creditworthiness. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security is also subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock.
Hybrid Securities Risk. Hybrid securities are subject to the risks of equity securities and risks of debt securities. The claims of holders of hybrid securities of an issuer are generally subordinated to those of holders of traditional debt securities in bankruptcy, and thus hybrid securities may be more volatile and subject to greater risk than traditional debt securities, and may in certain circumstances even be more volatile than traditional equity securities. At the same time, hybrid securities may not fully participate in gains of their issuer and thus potential returns of such securities are generally more limited than traditional equity securities, which would participate in such gains.
Large Capitalization Risk. Larger, more established companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges such as changes in technology and consumer tastes. Larger companies also may not be able to attain the high growth rates of successful smaller companies.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund may invest in the securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies. As a result, the Fund may be more volatile than funds that invest in larger, more established companies. The securities of small-and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Small- and mid-capitalization companies may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.
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Foreign Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in securities or other instruments denominated in non-U.S. currencies. Such investments involve currency risks, including unfavorable currency exchange rate developments and political or governmental intervention in currency trading or valuation.
Foreign Currency Risk. When the Fund buys or sells securities on a foreign stock exchange, the transaction is undertaken in the local currency rather than in U.S. dollars. The value of the foreign currency may increase or decrease against the value of the U.S. dollar, which may impact the value of the Fund’s portfolio holdings and your investment. Other countries may adopt economic policies and/or currency exchange controls that affect their currency valuations in a manner that is disadvantageous to U.S. investors and companies. Such practices may restrict or prohibit the Fund’s ability to repatriate both investment capital and income, or may impose fees for doing so, which could place the Fund’s assets at risk of total loss.
Depositary Receipts Risk. Depositary Receipts are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the social, political and economic risks of the underlying issuer’s country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on non-U.S. markets, exchange risk. Issuers of unsponsored ADRs are not contractually obligated to disclose material information in the U.S., so there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the unsponsored ADR.
Options Risk. Options transactions involve special risks that may make it difficult or impossible to close a position when the Fund desires. A fund may lose some or all of the premium paid to purchase an option if the option expires unexercised or the Fund is unable to close the position on favorable terms. A fund that writes options receives a premium that may be small relative to the loss realized in the event of adverse changes in the value of the underlying instruments. A fund that writes covered call options gives up the opportunity to profit from any increase in the market value of the underlying security above the sum of the premium received and the option exercise price while the option is in effect but retains the risk of loss should the value of the underlying security decline. If a written call option is exercised, the Fund will be required to sell the underlying security at the exercise price, even if the security's market value is higher. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist when the Fund seeks to close out an option position.
MLP Risk. Investments in securities of MLPs involve risks that differ from investments in common stock including risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner and cash flow risks. MLP common units and other equity securities can be affected by macro-economic and other factors affecting the stock market in general, expectations of interest rates, investor sentiment towards MLPs or the energy sector, changes in a particular issuer’s financial condition, or unfavorable or unanticipated poor performance of a particular issuer. Prices of common units of individual MLPs and other equity securities also can be affected by fundamentals unique to the partnership or company, including historical and projected financial results. MLP interests may not be as liquid as other more commonly traded equity securities.
Market Events Risk. One or more markets in which the Fund invests may go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. This may be due to numerous factors, including changes in interest rates, the outlook for corporate profits, the health of the national and world economies, national and world social and political (including geopolitical) events, governmental actions, tariff and trade disruptions, and the fluctuation of other stock markets around the world.
Power Sector Risk. The revenues of companies in the energy sector, including many Power Companies, are often dependent upon the availability of electric power and/or the consumption of electric power and could be adversely affected by reductions in the supply of, or demand for, such power. The adverse impact of these events could lead to a material reduction in the earnings of companies in the energy sector and a substantial reduction (or elimination) of dividends paid to equity holders and could result in a decline in (i) the equity values of the affected companies in the energy sector and/or (ii) our net distributable income. The production or availability of electric power could be negatively affected by a variety of factors, including depressed power prices, high prices for commodities used in the generation of
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power, lower than expected wind, solar or hydro power resources, catastrophic or extreme weather events, labor relations, increased environmental or other governmental regulation (including policies designed to reduce carbon emissions and/or address climate change), equipment malfunctions, transmission grid disruptions and maintenance difficulties. A decline in demand for power could result from factors such as increased power prices, adverse economic conditions, increased taxation, the imposition of tariffs, incremental environmental or other governmental regulation (including policies designed to reduce carbon emissions and/or address climate change), catastrophic events, extreme weather events, equipment malfunctions, transmission grid disruptions and maintenance difficulties.
Non-Diversification Risk. Because the Fund is “non-diversified,” it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a lesser number of issuers than if it was a diversified fund. As a result, the Fund may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a lesser number of issuers than a fund that invests more widely. This may increase the Fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively small number of issuers to have a greater impact on the Fund’s performance.
Section 351 Risk. The initial capital raised from investors is expected to include in-kind contributions of securities in exchange for the Fund’s shares. In-kind contributions may qualify for non-recognition treatment to the contributing parties under Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, assuming that the requirements of Section 351 are met, which would have corresponding consequences for the tax basis to the Fund in those contributed securities. There can be no assurances regarding the value or tax basis of the contributions in kind, which could result in a negative effect on after-tax returns to investors seeding the Fund, and/or other investors in the Fund.
Performance
Performance information for the Fund is not included because the Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this Prospectus. Performance information will be available once the Fund has at least one calendar year of performance. The Fund’s past performance, before and after taxes, is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future and does not guarantee future results. Updated performance information will be available on the Fund’s website at www.kaynefunds.com or by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-800-617-0004.
Management
Investment Adviser
Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. is the Fund’s investment adviser.
Portfolio Managers
Jim Baker, Portfolio Manager, Managing Partner and Co-Head of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business, Harrison Little, Co-Head & Head of Research of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business and Justin Campeau, Portfolio Manager & Senior Managing Director of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business are the portfolio managers jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. Messrs. Baker, Little and Campeau have each managed the Fund since its inception in […] 2026.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Shares of the Fund are listed on the Exchange, and individual shares may only be bought and sold in the secondary market through brokers at market prices, rather than NAV. Because shares of the Fund trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems its shares at NAV only in large specified numbers of shares known as “Creation Units,” which only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of securities and/or a designated amount of U.S. cash.
Investors may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Shares (ask) when buying or selling Shares in the
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secondary market (the “bid-ask spread”). Recent information about the Fund, including its NAV, market price, premiums and discounts, and bid-ask spreads is available on the Fund’s website at www.kaynefunds.com.
Tax Information
Fund distributions are generally taxable as ordinary income, qualified dividend income, or capital gains (or a combination), unless your investment is in an IRA or other tax-advantaged account. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those accounts.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (an “Intermediary”), the Adviser or its affiliates may pay Intermediaries for certain activities related to the Fund, including participation in activities that are designed to make Intermediaries more knowledgeable about exchange traded products, including the Fund, or for other activities, such as marketing, educational training or other initiatives related to the sale or promotion of Shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the Intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Any such arrangements do not result in increased Fund expenses. Ask your salesperson or visit the Intermediary’s website for more information.
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| Additional Information About the Funds | ||
Investment Objectives
The Kayne Energy Equity ETF (the “Energy ETF”) and the Kayne Power Equity ETF (the “Power ETF”) each seek total return from income and capital appreciation.
Each Fund’s investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy and may be changed without shareholder approval upon written notice to shareholders.
Principal Investment Strategies
Kayne Energy Equity ETF
The Energy ETF is an actively managed ETF. The Adviser seeks to achieve the Fund’s investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity instruments of energy companies.
The Fund defines energy companies as those that (i) derive a majority of their revenue or profits, as determined by the Adviser, from energy-related endeavors; or (ii) have a majority of their assets in energy-related endeavors (“Energy Companies”). The Adviser considers “energy-related endeavors” to include the exploration, production, refining, processing, fractionation, liquefaction, transportation, storage or distribution of energy-related natural resources including: natural gas (including LNG), natural gas liquids, crude oil, refined products or water produced or used in conjunction with such activities. Energy Companies may also include companies involved in providing products or services to companies engaged in energy-related endeavors.
The Energy ETF has a policy of concentrating its investments in the securities of issuers from the energy industry.
Kayne Power Equity ETF
The Power ETF is an actively managed ETF. The Adviser seeks to achieve the Fund’s investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity instruments of power companies.
The Fund defines power companies as those that either (i) derive a majority of their revenue or profits from; or (ii) have a majority of their assets or service offerings focused on: electrical power generation, transmission, distribution, storage or natural gas transportation, storage, gathering processing, liquefaction, or marketing (“Power Companies”). Power Companies include utilities, independent power producers, electricity and natural gas transmission and distribution network operators, electricity retailers, energy storage providers, nuclear energy companies, renewable energy companies and companies offering supporting technologies or services. Power Companies may work with power generated from a wide range of sources, including conventional (e.g., coal, natural gas, nuclear) and renewable (e.g., solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, hydrogen fuel cell) resources. Power Companies may also provide products or services to companies operating in the power sector, including products and services supporting grid modernization, energy efficiency, and the integration of advanced power and energy technologies.
The Power ETF has a policy of concentrating its investments in the securities of issuers from the power industry.
Equity Investments
Each Fund’s investments in equity instruments may include common stock, preferred stock, hybrid securities (securities that have characteristics of both equity and fixed income securities), units issued by MLPs, ADRs, and options on equity instruments or equity instrument indices. Common stock represents a proportionate share of the ownership of a company
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and its value is based on the success of the company’s business, any income paid to stockholders, the value of its assets, and general market conditions.
MLPs are businesses organized as limited partnerships the interests of which are traded on a public exchange. MLPs are required to pay out most or all of their cash flow in distributions. An investment in an MLP may generate passive income or losses, along with dividend and investment income. MLPs may be treated as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. While each Fund may invest in equity securities of MLPs, such Fund will limit its investment in MLPs, or other companies taxed as partnerships, in order to comply with applicable tax diversification rules. The Funds may invest in the equity investments of companies of any market capitalization.
The Fund may invest its assets in securities of foreign issuers in the form of depositary receipts, typically ADRs, which are securities representing securities of foreign issuers. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying securities.
Options
The Adviser may utilize options in executing each Fund’s investment strategy. Each Fund may buy call options on underlying reference instruments that it intends to buy with the goal of limiting the risk of a substantial increase in their market price before the purchase is effected. When a Fund sells a call option, the holder of that option has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specified period of time. When a Fund sells a put option, the holder of that option has the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset at a specified price (strike price) within a specified period of time. When a Fund purchases a call option, the Fund has the right, but not the obligation, to buy an asset at a specified price (strike price) prior to a specified expiration date. The purchaser pays a cost (premium) to purchase the call option. In the event the reference asset appreciates in value, the value of the call option will generally increase, and in the event the reference asset declines in value, the call option may end up worthless to the holder and the premium may be lost.
Each Fund may buy put options in an attempt to protect the Fund from a significant market decline. A put option gives the purchaser of the option, upon payment of a premium, the right to sell, and the writer the obligation to buy, the underlying security or index at the exercise price prior to its expiration date. The purchaser pays a cost (premium) to purchase the put option. In the event the reference asset declines in value below the strike price and the holder exercises its put option, the holder will be entitled to receive the difference between the value of the reference asset and the strike price (which gain is offset by the premium originally paid by the holder), and in the event the reference asset closes above the strike price as of the expiration date, the put option may end up worthless and the holder’s loss is limited to the amount of premium it paid.
When the Adviser believes an equity, asset class or the equity market in general is expected to produce significantly above-average returns it may invest in call options to amplify returns. When the Adviser believes an equity, asset class, or the equity market in general is expected to produce losses it may invest in put options to protect returns.
Portfolio Construction
The Adviser selects equity instruments, which it believes present attractive potential income and/or capital appreciation among peers of the same issuer type. Within the potential investment universe, security selection is based on the Adviser’s (i) fundamental analysis of the company, (ii) internal valuation methods, and the (iii) projected rate of return from the investment given the level of risk. The Adviser focuses on bottom-up fundamental analysis to assess issuer quality. The Adviser’s measure of quality is informed by: (i) balance sheet leverage, (ii) competitive position, (iii) management track record, (iv) the age or condition of the issuer’s physical assets, (v) an assessment of the likelihood of losses under stressed economic or sector-specific conditions, and (vi) regulatory environment of operational jurisdictions, along with other relevant factors. The Adviser sells an instrument when it believes its investment profile no longer represents an attractive relative value to the investment’s risk profile or to fund a more attractive investment. The factors the Adviser considers and investment methods employed by the Adviser can change over time.
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Each Fund is non-diversified, which means that it may invest a significant portion of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or small number of issuers. Each Fund intends to be taxed as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and comply with all RIC-related restrictions.
Non-Principal Investment Strategies. When awaiting investment opportunities, each Fund may hold cash and cash-like instruments or high-quality short-term fixed income securities. These may consist of (i) U.S. Government securities, such as bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury; (ii) money market funds (including money market ETFs); (iii) fixed income ETFs; and/or (iv) corporate debt securities, such as commercial paper and other short-term unsecured promissory notes issued by companies that are rated investment grade or of comparable quality. The Adviser considers an unrated security to be of comparable quality to a security rated investment grade if it believes it has a similar low risk of default.
Principal Risks
An investment in the Funds entails risks. A Fund could lose money, or its performance could trail that of other investment alternatives. The following provides additional information about the Funds’ principal risks. It is important that investors closely review and understand these risks before making an investment decision.
ETF Risks. Each Fund is an ETF, and, as a result of its structure, it is exposed to the following risks:
◦Authorized Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Funds have only a limited number of institutional investors that may act as APs. In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, shares a of Fund may trade at a material discount to the Fund’s NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
◦Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Investors buying or selling shares a of Fund in the secondary market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers, as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of shares of a Fund. In addition, secondary market investors will also incur the cost of the difference between the price at which an investor is willing to buy shares of a Fund (the “bid” price) and the price at which an investor is willing to sell shares of the Fund (the “ask” price). This difference in bid and ask prices is often referred to as the “spread” or “bid/ask spread.” The bid/ask spread varies over time for shares of a Fund based on trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the Fund’s shares have more trading volume and market liquidity and higher if Fund’s shares have little trading volume and market liquidity. Further, a relatively small investor base in the Fund, asset swings in the Fund and/or increased market volatility may cause increased bid/ask spreads. Due to the costs of buying or selling shares of the Funds, including bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of the Funds’ shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in a Fund’s shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.
◦Shares May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, shares of the Funds may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of shares of a Fund will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount) due to supply and demand of shares or during periods of market volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility, periods of steep market declines and periods when there is limited trading activity for shares in the secondary market, in which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. The market price of shares of the Fund during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade shares of the Fund. In times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase
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significantly. At those times, shares of the Funds will most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your shares. The Adviser believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
◦Trading. Although shares of the Funds are listed for trading on the Exchange and may be listed or traded on U.S. and non-U.S. stock exchanges other than the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for such shares will develop or be maintained. Trading in shares may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in shares of each Fund on the Exchange is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to Exchange “circuit breaker” rules, which temporarily halt trading on the Exchange when a decline in the S&P 500 Index during a single day reaches certain thresholds (e.g., 7%, 13%, and 20%). Additional rules applicable to the Exchange may halt trading in shares of a Fund when extraordinary volatility causes sudden, significant swings in the market price of shares of the Fund. There can be no assurance that shares of the Funds will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market conditions, the market for the Funds’ shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the Funds’ underlying portfolio holdings. These factors, among others, may lead to a Fund’s shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV. This may lead to the widening of bid/ask spreads quoted throughout the day.
◦Early Close/Trading Halt. An exchange or market may close early or issue trading halts on specific securities or financial instruments. The ability to trade certain securities or financial instruments may be restricted, which may disrupt a Fund’s creation and redemption process, potentially affect the price at which the Fund’s shares trade in the secondary market, and/or result in the Fund being unable to trade certain securities or financial instruments. In these circumstances, a Fund may be unable to rebalance its portfolio, may be unable to accurately price its investments and/or may incur substantial trading losses.
◦Listing Standards Risk. Each Fund is required to comply with listing requirements adopted by the listing exchange. Non-compliance with such requirements may result in a Fund’s shares being delisted by the listing exchange. Any resulting liquidation of a Fund could cause the Fund to incur elevated transaction costs and could result in negative tax consequences for its shareholders.
New Fund Risk. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Funds have no operating history and there can be no assurance that a Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Board may determine to liquidate a Fund. Liquidation of a Fund can be initiated without shareholder approval by the Trust’s Board of Trustees if it determines it is in the best interest of shareholders. As a result, the timing of any Fund liquidation may not be favorable to certain individual shareholders.
Active Management Risk. Active management by the Adviser in selecting and maintaining a portfolio of securities that will achieve a Fund’s investment objective could cause the Fund to underperform compared to other funds having similar investment objectives. For longer periods of time, each Fund may hold a substantial cash position. If the market advances during periods when a Fund is holding a large cash position, the Fund may not participate to the extent it would have if the Fund had been more fully invested.
Industry Concentration Risk. The Energy ETF’s investments will be concentrated in securities of issuers in the energy industry. The Power ETF’s investments will be concentrated in securities of issuers in the power industry. The focus of a Fund’s portfolio on these specific industries may present more risks than if the portfolio were broadly diversified over numerous groups of industries.
◦Energy Industry Risk. Companies in the energy industry are subject to many business, economic, environmental, and regulatory risks that can adversely affect the costs, revenues, profits, and viability of companies in the industry. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following: volatility in commodity prices and changes in supply and demand, which may affect the price received from production of such energy commodity and the volume of energy commodities transported, processed, fractionated, liquified, stored and/or distributed; specific
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risks associated with companies owning and/or operating oil & gas wells, pipelines, gathering and processing refining, fractionation, liquefaction or storage of energy assets; operating risks including outages, structural and maintenance, impairment and safety problems; changes in the regulatory environment at federal, state and local levels, and in foreign markets; environmental regulation and liability risk; terrorism risk; extreme weather and other natural disasters; and capital markets risk, resulting in a higher capital costs or impacting growth and access to capital.
◦Power Industry Risk. Power companies are subject to many risks, including earnings variability based upon weather patterns in the locations where the company operates, the change in the demand for electricity, the cost to produce power, and the regulatory environment. Further, share prices are partly based on the interest rate environment, the sustainability and potential growth of the dividend, and the outcome of various rate cases undertaken by the company or a regulatory body. Power companies may also be subject to rate regulation, permitting and interconnection delays, fuel and equipment costs and evolving energy policy.
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities, including common stocks may decline in value because of changes in price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. These fluctuations could be a drastic movement or a sustained trend. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer of a security, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services, or broader economic or market events, including changes in interest rates. Common stocks in general are subject to the risk of an issuer liquidating or declaring bankruptcy, in which case the claims of owners of the issuer’s debt securities and preferred stock take precedence over the claims of common stockholders.
Preferred Stock Risk. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends and the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stocks may receive dividends but payment is not guaranteed as with a bond. These securities may be undervalued because of a lack of analyst coverage resulting in a high dividend yield or yield to maturity. The risks of preferred stocks include a lack of voting rights and the Adviser may incorrectly analyze the security. Furthermore, preferred stock dividends are not guaranteed and management can elect to forego the preferred dividend. In either case, such an event would result in a loss to a Fund. In general, preferred stocks generally pay a dividend at a specified rate and have preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and in liquidation. Preferred stock market values may change based on changes in interest rates.
Convertible Securities Risk. Convertible securities are subject to the risk that the issuer will not be able to pay interest or dividends when due, and their market value may change based on changes in the issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of the issuer’s creditworthiness. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security is also subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock. In general, a convertible security performs more like a stock when the underlying stock’s price is high (because it is assumed that it will be converted into the stock) and more like a bond when the underlying stock’s price is low (because it is assumed that it will mature without being converted). “Mandatory” convertible bonds, which must be converted into common stock by a certain date, may be more exposed to the risks of the underlying common stock. Convertible securities generally have less potential for gain or loss than common stocks.
Common Stock Risk. While common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed income securities over the long-term, common stock has also experienced significantly more volatility in those returns, although under certain market conditions, fixed-income investments may have comparable or greater price volatility. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of common stock held by the Fund. Also, the price of common stock is sensitive to general movements in the stock market. A drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stock held by the Fund.
Hybrid Securities Risk. Hybrid securities are subject to the risks of equity securities and risks of debt securities. The claims of holders of hybrid securities of an issuer are generally subordinated to those of holders of traditional debt securities in bankruptcy, and thus hybrid securities may be more volatile and subject to greater risk than traditional debt
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securities, and may in certain circumstances even be more volatile than traditional equity securities. At the same time, hybrid securities may not fully participate in gains of their issuer and thus potential returns of such securities are generally more limited than traditional equity securities, which would participate in such gains.
Large Capitalization Risk. Larger, more established companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges such as changes in technology and consumer tastes. Larger companies also may not be able to attain the high growth rates of successful smaller companies.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. Generally, small- and mid-cap companies may have more potential for growth than companies with larger market capitalizations (“large-cap companies”). Investing in small- and mid-cap companies, however, may involve greater risk than investing in large-cap companies, and these risks are passed on to a Fund. Small- and mid-cap companies may not have the management experience, financial resources, product diversification and competitive strengths of large-cap companies. Therefore, their securities may be more volatile than the securities of larger, more established companies, making them less liquid than other securities. Small- and mid-cap company stocks may also be bought and sold less often and in smaller amounts than larger company stocks. Because of this, if the Adviser wants to sell a large quantity of a mid-cap company’s stock, it may have to sell at a lower price than it might prefer, or it may have to sell in smaller than desired quantities over a period of time.
Foreign Investments Risk. The Funds may be subject to the risks of foreign investments. Non-U.S. securities involve certain factors not typically associated with investing in U.S. securities including risks relating to (i) currency exchange matters, including fluctuations in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the various non-U.S. currencies in which a Fund’s portfolio securities will be denominated, and costs associated with conversion of investment principal and income from one currency into another; (ii) differences between the U.S. and non-U.S. securities markets, including potential price volatility in and relative illiquidity of some non-U.S. securities markets, the absence of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and disclosure requirements and less government supervision and regulation; (iii) certain economic and political risks, including potential exchange control regulations and potential restrictions on non-U.S. investment and repatriation of capital; and (iv) with respect to certain countries, the possibility of expropriation, confiscatory taxation, imposition of withholding or other taxes on dividends, interest, capital gains, other income or gross sale or disposition proceeds, limitations on the removal of funds or other assets of the Funds, political or social instability or diplomatic developments that could affect investments in those countries.
Foreign Currency Risk. Currency risk is the risk that fluctuations in exchange rates may adversely affect the value of a Fund’s investments. Currency risk includes both the risk that currencies in which a Fund’s investments are traded and/or in which the Fund receives income, or currencies in which the Fund has taken an active investment position, will decline in value relative to other currencies. In the case of hedging positions, currency risk includes the risk that the currency a Fund is seeking exposure to will decline in value relative to the foreign currency being hedged. Currency exchange rates fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including changes in supply and demand in the currency exchange markets, actual or perceived changes in interest rates, intervention (or the failure to intervene) by U.S. or foreign governments, central banks, or supranational agencies such as the International Monetary Fund, and currency controls or other political and economic developments in the U.S. or abroad.
Depositary Receipts Risk. Depositary receipts are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuer’s country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on non-U.S. markets, exchange risk. The issuer of a sponsored receipt typically bears certain expenses of maintaining the depositary receipt facility. Depositary receipts are also subject to the risks of investing in foreign securities.
Options Risk. Options transactions involve special risks that may make it difficult or impossible to close a position when a Fund desires. A fund may lose some or all of the premium paid to purchase an option if the option expires unexercised or the Fund is unable to close the position on favorable terms. A fund that writes options receives a premium that may be small relative to the loss realized in the event of adverse changes in the value of the underlying instruments. A fund that
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writes covered call options gives up the opportunity to profit from any price increase in the underlying security above the option exercise price while the option is in effect. Options may be more volatile than the underlying instruments. There may at times be an imperfect correlation between the movement in values of options and their underlying securities and there may at times not be a liquid secondary market for certain options. A Fund may be exposed to the risk that losses may exceed the amount originally invested. In addition, the Adviser will close out options trades approximately one year after the date in which the trades are entered and enter new options trades, which may affect the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate and the amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Fund.
◦Options (Call) Risk. If the price of the underlying security does not rise by an amount at least equal to the premium paid for the option contract, a Fund will experience a loss on the option contract equal to the deficiency.
◦Options (Put) Risk. As the buyer of a put option, a Fund risks losing the premium invested in the option if the underlying reference instrument does not fall below the strike price, which means the option will expire worthless.
MLP Risk. Investments in MLP units involves certain risks, which differ from an investment in the securities of a corporation. Limited partners of MLPs, unlike investors in the securities of a corporation, have limited voting rights on matters affecting the partnership and generally have no rights to elect the directors of the general partner. In addition, conflicts of interest exist between limited partners and the general partner and the general partner does not generally have any duty to the limited partners beyond a “good faith” standard.
◦Tax Risks of Investing in Equity Securities of MLPs. A Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective depends, in part, on the distributions it receives from MLPs in which it invests. MLPs generally are treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore generally do not pay U.S. federal income tax at the entity level. A change in current tax law or a change in the underlying business of an MLP could result in the MLP being treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If an MLP were treated as a corporation, it would generally be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income, which could reduce the amount of cash available for distribution by the MLP and could reduce the value of a Fund’s investment and a Fund’s income.
Market Events Risk. One or more markets in which a Fund invests may go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. This may be due to numerous factors, including changes in interest rates, the outlook for corporate profits, the health of the national and world economies, national and world social and political (including geopolitical) events, governmental actions, tariff and trade disruptions, and the fluctuation of other stock markets around the world.
Non-Diversification Risk. Because each Fund is “non-diversified,” it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a lesser number of issuers than if it was a diversified fund. As a result, a Fund may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a lesser number of issuers than a fund that invests more widely. This may increase a Fund’s volatility and cause the performance of a relatively small number of issuers to have a greater impact on the Fund’s performance.
Section 351 Risk. The initial capital raised from investors for each Fund is expected to include in-kind contributions of securities in exchange for a Fund’s shares. In-kind contributions may qualify for non-recognition treatment to the contributing parties under Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, assuming that the requirements of Section 351 are met, which would have corresponding consequences for the tax basis to a Fund in those contributed securities. There can be no assurances regarding the value or tax basis of the contributions in kind, which could result in a negative effect on after-tax returns to investors seeding a Fund, and/or other investors in a Fund.
Non-Principal Risks
Foreign Currency Hedging Risk. As a non-principal strategy, the Adviser may in the future hedge against currency risk resulting from investing in securities outside of the U.S. valued in non-U.S. currencies. Currency hedging transactions in which we may engage include buying or selling options or futures or entering into other foreign currency transactions including forward foreign currency contracts, currency swaps or options on currency and currency futures and other derivatives transactions. Hedging transactions can be expensive and have risks, including the imperfect correlation between the value of such instruments and the underlying assets, the possible default of the other party to the transaction
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or illiquidity of the derivative instruments. Furthermore, the ability to successfully use hedging transactions depends on a Fund’s ability to predict pertinent market movements, which cannot be assured. Thus, the use of hedging transactions may result in losses greater than if they had not been used, may require us to sell or purchase portfolio securities at inopportune times or for prices other than current market values, may limit the amount of appreciation we can realize on an investment, or may cause us to hold a security that we might otherwise sell. The use of hedging transactions may result in us incurring losses as a result of matters beyond our control. For example losses may be incurred because of the imposition of exchange controls, suspension of settlements or our inability to deliver or receive a specified currency.
Portfolio Holdings
Information about the Funds’ daily portfolio holdings is available at www.kaynefunds.com. A complete description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio holdings is available in the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
| Management of the Funds | ||
Investment Adviser
Each Fund has entered into an investment advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P., located at 717 Texas Avenue, Suite 2200, Houston, TX 77002. The Adviser is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. The Adviser, founded in 1984, is a leading alternative investment management firm focused on infrastructure, energy, real estate, and credit. As of July 2026, the Adviser manages over $43 billion in assets for institutional investors, family offices, high net worth and retail clients and employs over 300 employees in five offices across the U.S. The Adviser has been an SEC-registered investment adviser since August 1994. Subject to the oversight of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for management of each Fund’s portfolio.
Subject to the oversight of the Board, the Adviser is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds in accordance with the Funds’ investment objective and policies. For the services provided to the Funds by the Adviser, the Funds pay the Adviser a unified management fee, which is calculated daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate of [0.85%] of each Fund’s average daily net assets. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser has agreed to pay all expenses incurred by the Funds except for interest charges on any borrowings, dividends, and other expenses on securities sold short; taxes; brokerage commissions and other expenses incurred in placing orders for the purchase and sale of securities and other investment instruments; acquired fund fees and expenses; accrued deferred tax liability; extraordinary expenses; distribution fees and expenses paid by the Funds under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, and the unified management fee payable to the Adviser (collectively, the “Excluded Expenses”).
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Trust will be available in the Funds’ first Form N-CSR filing with the SEC for the period ending [...], 2026.
The Funds, as a series of the Trust, do not hold themselves out as related to any other series of the Trust for purposes of investment and investor services, nor do they share the same investment adviser with any other series of the Trust.
Portfolio Managers
Jim Baker, Harrison Little and Gordon Hamilton are the portfolio managers jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Kayne Energy Equity ETF. Mr. Baker, Mr. Little and Justin Campeau are the portfolio managers jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Kayne Power Equity ETF.
Jim Baker is a Portfolio Manager, Managing Partner and Co-Head of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business. He also serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors and is President and Chief Executive Officer of Kayne Anderson Energy Infrastructure Fund, Inc.(NYSE: KYN). Prior to joining the Adviser in 2004, Mr. Baker was a director in the energy
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investment banking group at UBS Securities LLC. At UBS, he focused on securities underwriting and mergers and acquisitions in the energy industry. He earned a B.B.A. in Finance from the University of Texas at Austin in 1995 and an M.B.A. in Finance from Southern Methodist University in 1997.
Harrison Little is Co-Head & Head of Research of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business, a position held since December 2023. Prior to rejoining the Adviser in 2023, Mr. Little was a partner and director of research for Decade Renewable Partners, an energy-specific hedge fund co-founded by Mr. Little in 2021. Prior to co-founding Decade, Mr. Little spent four years at Citadel LLC, investing across the energy value chain, including renewables, infrastructure, upstream and integrated energy companies. Mr. Little was a member of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure group from 2012 to 2015. He earned a bachelor’s degree in Business at the University of Texas at Austin as well as an MBA from the University of Chicago.
Gordon Hamilton is Portfolio Manager & Senior Managing Director of the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business.. Prior to joining the Adviser in 2018, Mr. Hamilton was an analyst in the natural resources investment banking group at Bank of America Merrill Lynch, focusing on the analysis and execution of corporate mergers, acquisitions and capital markets transactions in the midstream, upstream and oilfield services sectors. Mr. Hamilton earned a B.B.A. in Finance with a specialization in Alternative Asset Management from Southern Methodist University in 2016.
Justin Campeau is a Portfolio Manager in the Adviser’s energy infrastructure business, a position held since 2017. During his time at the Adviser, Mr. Campeau has supported investment efforts in energy infrastructure, power & utilities, downstream & refining, and marine transportation. Prior to focusing on marketable securities investments, Mr. Campeau was an associate where he supported the firm’s private equity investment activities. Mr. Campeau earned a Bachelor of Commerce degree from McGill University in 2006.
The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed and ownership of Fund Shares.
| How to Buy and Sell Shares | ||
Each Fund issues and redeems its shares only in Creation Units at the NAV per share next determined after receipt of an order from an AP. Only APs may acquire a Fund’s shares directly from a Fund, and only APs may tender their shares for redemption directly to a Fund, at NAV. APs must be a member or participant of a clearing agency registered with the SEC and must execute an authorized participant agreement (“Participant Agreement”) that has been agreed to by the Distributor (defined below), and that has been accepted by the Funds’ transfer agent, with respect to purchases and redemptions of Creation Units. Once created, the Funds’ shares trade in the secondary market in quantities less than a Creation Unit.
Most investors buy and sell a Fund’s shares in secondary market transactions through brokers. Individual shares of a Fund are listed for trading on the secondary market on the Exchange and can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other publicly traded securities.
When buying or selling a Fund’s shares through a broker, you will pay or receive the market price. You may incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price in the secondary market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction. In addition, because secondary market transactions occur at market prices, you may pay more than NAV when you buy a Fund’s shares, and receive less than NAV when you sell those shares.
Book Entry
Shares are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of a Fund.
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Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. DTC’s participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” through your brokerage account.
Investing in the Funds
For more information on how to buy and sell shares of the Funds, visit the Funds’ website at www.kaynefunds.com or by calling the Funds toll-free at 1-800-617-0004.
Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Shares
Shares of a Fund are listed for trading on the Exchange, which allows retail investors to purchase and sell individual shares at market prices throughout the trading day similar to other publicly traded securities. Because these secondary market trades do not involve a Fund directly, it is unlikely that secondary market trading would cause any harmful effects of market timing, such as dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in a Fund’s trading costs or realization of capital gains. The Board has determined not to adopt policies and procedures designed to prevent or monitor for frequent purchases and redemptions of a Fund’s shares because the Fund sells and redeems its shares at NAV only in Creation Units pursuant to the terms of a Participant Agreement between the Distributor and an AP. A Fund may impose transaction fees on such Creation Unit transactions that are designed to offset such Fund’s transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of the Creation Unit shares. Direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that the Funds’ shares trade at or close to NAV. Although a Fund imposes no restrictions on the frequency of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units, the Funds and the Adviser reserve the right to reject or limit purchases at any time as described in the Funds’ SAI.
Determination of Net Asset Value
Each Fund’s NAV is calculated as of the scheduled close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, each day the NYSE is open for business. The NAV is calculated by dividing a Fund’s net assets by its shares outstanding.
In calculating its NAV, a Fund generally values its assets on the basis of market quotations, last sale prices, or estimates of value furnished by a pricing service or brokers who make markets in such instruments. In particular, the Funds generally value equity securities traded on any recognized U.S. or non-U.S. exchange at the last sale price or official closing price on the exchange or system on which they are principally traded. If such information is not available for a security held by a Fund or is determined to be unreliable, the security will be valued at fair value estimates under guidelines approved by the Board (as described below).
Because securities held by a Fund may trade on foreign exchanges that are closed when the Fund’s primary listing exchange is open, there are likely to be deviations between the current price of a security and the security’s last quoted price from the closed foreign market. This may result in premiums and discounts that are greater than those experienced by domestic ETFs.
Fair Value Pricing
The Adviser has been designated by the Board as the Funds’ valuation designee to make all fair value determinations with respect to a Fund’s portfolio investments, subject to the Board’s oversight. As valuation designee, the Adviser has adopted, and the Board has approved, procedures and methodologies to fair value Fund securities whose market prices are not “readily available” or are deemed to be unreliable. For example, circumstances may arise when: (i) a security has been de-listed or has had its trading halted or suspended; (ii) a security’s primary pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; (iii) a security’s primary trading market is closed during regular market hours; or (iv) a security’s value is materially affected by events occurring after the close of the security’s primary trading market. Generally, when fair
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valuing a security held by the Funds, the Adviser will take into account all reasonably available information that may be relevant to a particular valuation including, but not limited to, fundamental analytical data regarding the issuer, information relating to the issuer’s business, recent trades or offers of the security, general and/or specific market conditions and the specific facts giving rise to the need to fair value the security. Fair value determinations are made in good faith and in accordance with the procedures adopted by the Adviser in its capacity as valuation designee. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, there can be no assurance that the Adviser will be able to obtain the fair value assigned to the security upon the sale of such security.
Investments by Other Registered Investment Companies
Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act restricts investments by registered investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including shares of the Funds. Registered investment companies are permitted to invest in the Funds beyond the limits set forth in section 12(d)(1), subject to certain conditions set forth in Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act, including that such investment companies enter into an agreement with the Funds.
| Distribution of Fund Shares | ||
Dividends, Distributions and their Taxation
Rule 12b-1 Distribution Fees
The Trust has adopted a Rule 12b-1 distribution plan (the “Rule 12b-1 Plan”) under the 1940 Act. Under the terms of the Rule 12b-1 Plan, each Fund is authorized to pay an aggregate fee equal up to [0.25%] of its average daily net assets each year for certain distribution related activities and shareholder services.
No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid by the Funds, and there are no plans to impose these fees. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, because the fees are paid out of Fund assets, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.
Dividends and Distributions
Each Fund intends to pay dividends from net investment income annually and to distribute all net realized capital gains at least annually. The Funds will declare and pay capital gain distributions in cash. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Financial intermediaries may make the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service available for use by beneficial owners of Funds shares for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their financial intermediary to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Financial intermediaries may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and net realized capital gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the Funds purchased in the secondary market.
Taxes
The following discussion is a summary of some important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. Your investment in the Funds may have other tax implications. Please consult your tax advisor about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares, including the possible application of foreign, state, and local tax laws.
Each Fund intends to elect and qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Code. If it meets certain minimum distribution requirements, a RIC is not subject to tax at the fund level on income and gains from investments that are timely distributed to shareholders. However, a Fund’s failure to qualify as a RIC or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result (if certain relief provisions were not available) in fund-level taxation and, consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.
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Unless your investment in Shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-advantaged account, such as an IRA plan, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the Funds make distributions, when you sell your shares listed on the Exchange; and when you purchase or redeem Creation Units (APs only).
Taxes on Distributions
Each Fund intends to distribute, at least annually, substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gains. For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income or qualified dividend income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions of a Fund’s net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) that are reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains, which for non-corporate shareholders are subject to tax at reduced rates of up to 20% (before considering any net investment income tax; lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets). Distributions of short-term capital gain will generally be taxable as ordinary income. Dividends and distributions are generally taxable to you whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional Shares.
Distributions reported by a Fund as “qualified dividend income” are generally taxed to non-corporate shareholders at rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met. “Qualified dividend income” generally is income derived from dividends paid by U.S. corporations or certain foreign corporations that are either incorporated in a U.S. possession or eligible for tax benefits under certain U.S. income tax treaties. In addition, dividends that a Fund received in respect of stock of certain foreign corporations may be qualified dividend income if that stock is readily tradable on an established U.S. securities market.
Shortly after the close of each calendar year, you will be informed of the amount and character of any distributions received from the Funds.
U.S. individuals with income exceeding specified thresholds are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which includes interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gains distributions and capital gains realized on the sale of Shares). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.
In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year. Distributions are generally taxable even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the Funds before your investment (and thus were included in the Shares’ NAV when you purchased your Shares).
You may wish to avoid investing in the Funds shortly before a dividend or other distribution, because such a distribution will generally be taxable even though it may economically represent a return of a portion of your investment. If a Fund’s distributions exceed its earnings and profits, all or a portion of the distributions made for a taxable year may be recharacterized as a return of capital to shareholders. A return of capital distribution will generally not be taxable, but will reduce each shareholder’s cost basis in Shares and result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when the Shares are sold. After a shareholder’s basis in Shares has been reduced to zero, distributions in excess of earnings and profits in respect of those Shares will be treated as gain from the sale of the Shares.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity, distributions (other than Capital Gain Dividends) paid to you by the Funds will generally be subject to a U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30%, unless a lower treaty rate applies. Gains from the sale or other disposition of your Shares generally are not subject to U.S. taxation, unless you are a nonresident alien individual who is physically present in the U.S. for 183 days or more per year. The Funds may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Different tax consequences may result if you are a foreign shareholder engaged in a trade or business within the United States or if a tax treaty applies.
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Under legislation generally known as “FATCA” (the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act), the Funds are required to withhold 30% of certain ordinary dividends it pays to shareholders that are foreign entities and that fail to meet prescribed information reporting or certification requirements.
Each Fund (or a financial intermediary, such as a broker, through which a shareholder owns Shares) generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has underreported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding.
Taxes When Shares are Sold on the Exchange
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares generally is treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if shares have been held for one year or less. However, any capital loss on a sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of Capital Gain Dividends paid with respect to such shares. Any loss realized on a sale will be disallowed to the extent shares of a Fund are acquired, including through reinvestment of dividends, within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
The cost basis of shares of the Funds acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for the shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account.
Taxes on Purchases and Redemptions of Creation Units
An AP having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally recognizes a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the exchanging AP’s aggregate basis in the securities delivered, plus the amount of any cash paid for the Creation Units. An AP who exchanges Creation Units for securities will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanging AP’s basis in the Creation Units and the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of the securities received, plus any cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal Revenue Service may assert, however, that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for an AP who does not mark-to-market its holdings), or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. APs exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if Shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if Shares have been held for one year or less.
Each Fund may include a payment of cash in addition to, or in place of, the delivery of a basket of securities upon the redemption of Creation Units. A Fund may sell portfolio securities to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause a Fund to recognize investment income and/or capital gains or losses that it might not have recognized if it had completely satisfied the redemption in-kind. As a result, a Fund may be less tax efficient if it includes such a cash payment in the proceeds paid upon the redemption of Creation Units.
Foreign Taxes
To the extent a Fund invests in foreign securities, it may be subject to foreign withholding taxes with respect to dividends or interest the Fund received from sources in foreign countries.
The foregoing discussion summarizes some of the possible consequences under current federal tax law of an investment in a Fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You also may be subject to state and local tax on Fund distributions and sales of Fund shares. Consult your personal tax adviser about the potential tax consequences of an investment in Fund
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shares under all applicable tax laws. For more information, please see the section entitled “Federal Income Taxes” in the SAI.
| Distribution | ||
The Distributor, Quasar Distributors, LLC, is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC. The Distributor distributes Creation Units for the Funds on an agency basis and does not maintain a secondary market in the Funds’ shares. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of the Funds or the securities that are purchased or sold by the Funds. The Distributor’s principal address is 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101.
| Premium/Discount Information | ||
Each business day, the following information will be available, free of charge with respect to each Fund, on the Funds’ website at www.kaynefunds.com: (i) information for each portfolio holding that will form the basis of the next calculation of the Fund’s NAV per share; (ii) a Fund’s NAV per share, market price, and premium or discount, each as of the end of the prior business day; (iii) a table showing the number of days a Fund’s shares traded at a premium or discount during the most recently completed calendar year and the most recently completed calendar quarter since that year; (iv) a line graph showing Fund share premiums or discounts for the most recently completed calendar year and the most recently completed calendar quarter since that year; (v) a Fund’s median bid-ask spread over the last thirty calendar days; and (vi) if during the past year a Fund’s premium or discount was greater than 2% for more than seven consecutive trading days, a statement that the Fund’s premium or discount, as applicable, was greater than 2% and a discussion of the factors that are reasonably believed to have materially contributed to the premium or discount.
| Additional Notices | ||
Shares of the Funds are not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by the Exchange. The Exchange is not responsible for, nor has it participated in the determination of, the timing, prices, or quantities of shares of a Fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which shares of a Fund are redeemable. The Exchange has no obligation or liability to owners of shares of the Funds in connection with the administration, marketing, or trading of the shares.
Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Exchange have any liability for any lost profits or indirect, punitive, special, or consequential damages even if notified of the possibility thereof.
The Adviser and the Funds make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of a Fund or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in a Fund particularly.
| Other Information | ||
The Trust enters into contractual arrangements with various parties, including, among others, the Adviser, administrator and distributor, who provide services to a Fund. Shareholders of a Fund are not parties to, or intended (or “third-party”) beneficiaries of, any of those contractual arrangements, and those contractual arrangements are not intended to create in any individual shareholder or group of shareholders any right to enforce such contractual arrangements against the service providers or to seek any remedy under such contractual arrangements against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the Trust.
This Prospectus provides information concerning the Trust and the Funds that you should consider in determining whether to purchase shares of a Fund. None of this prospectus, the SAI or any document filed as an exhibit to the Trust’s registration statement, is intended to, nor does it, give rise to an agreement or contract between the Trust or a Fund and any investor, or give rise to any contract or other rights in any individual shareholder, group of shareholders or other person other than any rights conferred explicitly by federal or state securities laws that may not be waived.
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Each Fund reserves the right to cease operations and liquidate at any time. See “Liquidation of the Funds” in the SAI for additional information.
| Financial Highlights | ||
The Funds have not commenced operations as of the date of this prospectus, therefore the Funds have no financial highlights available at this time.
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INVESTMENT ADVISER:
Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P.
717 Texas Avenue, Suite 2200
Houston, TX 77002
DISTRIBUTOR:
Quasar Distributors, LLC
190 Middle Street, Suite 301
Portland, ME 04101
CUSTODIAN:
U.S. Bank N.A.
1555 North Rivercenter Drive, Suite 302
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212
ADMINISTRATOR, FUND ACCOUNTANT
AND TRANSFER AGENT:
AND TRANSFER AGENT:
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM:
[...]
[...]
[...]
LEGAL COUNSEL:
Thompson Hine LLP
41 South High Street, Suite 1700
Columbus, Ohio 43215
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| PRIVACY NOTICE | ||
Each Fund collects non-public information about you that the law allows or requires it to have in order to conduct its business and properly service you. Each Fund collects financial and personal information about you (“Personal Information”) directly (e.g., information on account applications and other forms, such as your name, address, and social security number, and information provided to access account information or conduct account transactions online, such as password, account number, e-mail address, and alternate telephone number), and indirectly (e.g., information about your transactions with us, such as transaction amounts, account balance and account holdings).
The Funds do not disclose any non-public personal information about their shareholders or former shareholders other than for everyday business purposes such as to process a transaction, service an account, respond to court orders and legal investigations or as otherwise permitted by law. Third parties that may receive this information include companies that provide transfer agency, technology and administrative services to the Funds, as well as the Funds’ investment adviser who is an affiliate of the Funds. If you maintain a retirement/educational custodial account directly with the Funds, we may also disclose your Personal Information to the custodian for that account for shareholder servicing purposes. The Funds limit access to your Personal Information provided to unaffiliated third parties to information necessary to carry out their assigned responsibilities to the Funds. All shareholder records will be disposed of in accordance with applicable law. The Funds maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards to protect your Personal Information and require their third party service providers with access to such information to treat your Personal Information with the same high degree of confidentiality.
In the event that you hold shares of the Funds through a financial intermediary, including, but not limited to, a broker-dealer, bank, or trust company, the privacy policy of your financial intermediary would govern how your non-public personal information would be shared with unaffiliated third parties.
Kayne Energy Equity ETF
Kayne Power Equity ETF
Each a series of Series Portfolios Trust
FOR MORE INFORMATION
You can find more information about the Funds in the following documents:
Statement of Additional Information
The SAI provides additional details about the investments and techniques of the Funds and certain other additional information. A current SAI is on file with the SEC and is incorporated into this Prospectus by reference. This means that the SAI is legally considered a part of this Prospectus even though it is not physically within this Prospectus.
Annual and Semi-Annual Reports
The Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports (collectively, the “Shareholder Reports”), when available, will provide the most recent financial reports and portfolio holdings. The annual report, when available, will contain a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that affected the Funds’ performance during the Funds’ prior fiscal period.
The SAI, the Shareholder Reports and Form N-CSR, when available, are available free of charge on the Funds’ website at www.kaynefunds.com. You can obtain a free copy of the SAI, Shareholder Reports and Form N-CSR, request other information, or make general inquiries about the Funds by calling the Funds (toll-free) at 1-800-617-0004.
Reports and other information about the Funds are also available:
•Free of charge from the SEC’s EDGAR database on the SEC’s Internet website at https://www.sec.gov; or
•For a fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
(The Trust’s SEC Investment Company Act of 1940 file number is 811-23084)
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
DATED SEPTEMBER 21, 2026
THE INFORMATION HEREIN IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
[...], 2026
Kayne Energy Equity ETF
Listed on [NYSE Arca, Inc.]: [KEI]
Kayne Power Equity ETF
Listed on [NYSE Arca, Inc.]: [KGRD]
www.kaynefunds.com
1-800-617-0004
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus, but should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the Kayne Energy Equity ETF and the Kayne Power Equity ETF (each a “Fund” and together, the “Funds”), each a series of Series Portfolios Trust (the “Trust”), dated [...], 2026, as may be supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated by reference into this SAI.
You may obtain a copy of the Prospectus without charge by contacting the Funds c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services at the telephone number listed above. Investors in each Fund will be informed of the Funds’ progress through periodic reports. Financial statements certified by an independent registered public accounting firm will be submitted to shareholders at least annually. Since the Funds have not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI, no financial statements are available. Once available, copies of the Funds’ annual and semi-annual report to shareholders may be obtained, without charge, upon request by contacting U.S. Bank Global Fund Services at the telephone number listed above, or by visiting the Funds’ website at www.kaynefunds.com.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A-1 | |||||
THE TRUST
The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust organized on July 27, 2015, and is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) as an open-end management investment company. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust, as amended and/or restated to date (the “Declaration of Trust”) permits the Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, without par value, which may be issued in any number of series. The Board may from time to time issue other series, the assets and liabilities of which will be separate and distinct from any other series. This SAI relates only to the Funds.
The Declaration of Trust also provides for indemnification and reimbursement of expenses out of a Fund’s assets for any Trustee or Trust officer held personally liable for obligations of a Fund or the Trust. All such rights are limited to the assets of a Fund. The Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trust may maintain appropriate insurance (for example, fidelity bonding and errors and omissions insurance) for the protection of the Trust, its shareholders, trustees, officers, employees and agents to cover possible claims and other liabilities. However, the activities of the Trust as an investment company would not likely give rise to liabilities in excess of the Trust’s total assets. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance exists and a Fund itself is unable to meet its obligations.
The Declaration of Trust provides that the Trust shall not in any way be bound or limited by present or future laws or customs in regard to trust investments. The Declaration of Trust provides that a Trustee or officer shall be liable for his or her own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee or officer, and for nothing else, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The Trustees, as trustees of a registered investment company, may have a number of duties ascribed to them under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and the foregoing provisions are not intended to eliminate or alter those duties.
The Declaration of Trust provides that by virtue of becoming a shareholder of the Trust, each shareholder is bound by the provisions of the Declaration of Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides a detailed process for the bringing of derivative actions by shareholders. Prior to bringing a derivative action, a written demand by the complaining shareholder must first be made on the Trustees. The Declaration of Trust details conditions that must be met with respect to the demand, including the requirement that 10% of the outstanding Shares of a Fund who are eligible to bring such derivative action under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act join in the demand for the Trustees to commence such derivative action. There may be questions regarding the enforceability of this provision based on certain interpretations of the Securities Act of 1933 Act, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”) and the 1940 Act.
Additionally, the Declaration of Trust provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, to the extent there is subject matter jurisdiction in such court for the claims asserted or, if not, then in the Superior Court of the State of Delaware shall be the exclusive forum in which certain types of litigation may be brought, which may require shareholders to have to bring an action in an inconvenient or less favorable forum. The demand requirements set out in Delaware law and the Declaration of Trust do not generally apply to shareholder actions alleging violations of the Federal securities laws. There may be questions regarding the enforceability of this provision because the Securities Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act allow claims to be brought in state and federal courts. The Declaration of Trust provides that shareholders waive any and all right to trial by jury in any claim, suit, action or proceeding.
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Pursuant to the Declaration of Trust, to the extent that, at law or in equity, a Trustee or officer of the Trust has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Trust, the shareholders or to any other person, such Trustee or officer acting under the Declaration of Trust shall not be liable to the Trust, the shareholders or to any other person for his or her good faith reliance on the provisions of the Declaration of Trust. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in the Declaration of Trust modifying, restricting, or eliminating the duties or liabilities of the Trustees shall apply to or in any way limit the duties (including state law fiduciary duties of loyalty and care) or liabilities of such persons of matters arising under the federal securities laws.
The Funds offer and issue Shares at their respective net asset value (“NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares (each, a “Creation Unit”). Each Fund generally offers and issues Shares in exchange for a basket of securities (“Deposit Securities”) together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (“Cash Component”). The Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of a “cash in lieu” amount (“Deposit Cash”) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security. Shares are listed on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”) and trade on the Exchange at market prices that may differ from the Shares’ NAV. Shares are also redeemable only in Creation Unit aggregations, primarily for a basket of Deposit Securities together with a Cash Component. A Creation Unit of a Fund generally consists of a minimum of [...] Shares, though this may change from time to time. As a practical matter, only institutions or large investors purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, Shares are not redeemable securities.
Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. (the “Adviser”) serves as the investment adviser to the Funds. The Funds do not hold themselves out as related to any other series of the Trust for purposes of investment and investor services, nor do they share the same investment adviser with any other series of the Trust.
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND RISKS
The Funds’ principal investment strategies utilized by the Adviser and the principal risks associated with the same are set forth in the Funds’ Prospectus. The following discussion provides additional information about those principal investment strategies and related risks, as well as information about investment strategies (and related risks) that each Fund may utilize, even though they are not considered to be “principal” investment strategies. Accordingly, an investment strategy (and related risk) that is described below, but which is not described in the Prospectus, should not be considered to be a principal strategy (or related risk) applicable to a Fund. The following strategies and risks apply to a Fund directly or indirectly through its investments in derivatives.
Information Regarding the Funds’ Investment Strategies and Risks
General Market Risks
The value of a Fund’s portfolio securities may fluctuate with changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular security or issuer and changes in general economic or political conditions. An investor in a Fund could lose money over short or long periods of time.
There can be no guarantee that a liquid market for the securities held by a Fund will be maintained. The existence of a liquid trading market for certain securities may depend on whether dealers will make a
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market in such securities. There can be no assurance that a market will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for a Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.
Cyber Security Risk. Investment companies, such as the Funds, and their service providers may be subject to operational and information security risks resulting from cyber attacks. Cyber attacks include, among other behaviors, stealing or corrupting data maintained online or digitally, denial of service attacks on websites, the unauthorized release of confidential information or various other forms of cyber security breaches. Cyber attacks affecting the Funds or the Adviser, custodian, transfer agent, intermediaries and other third-party service providers may adversely impact the Funds. For instance, cyber attacks may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact the Funds’ ability to calculate their net asset value (“NAV”), cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential company information, impede trading, subject the Funds to regulatory fines or financial losses, and cause reputational damage. The Funds may also incur additional costs for cyber security risk management purposes. Similar types of cyber security risks are also present for issuers of securities in which the Funds invest, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the Funds’ investments in such portfolio companies to lose value.
DESCRIPTION OF PERMITTED INVESTMENTS
The following are descriptions of the Funds’ permitted investments and investment practices and the associated risk factors. A Fund will only invest in any of the following instruments or engage in any of the following investment practices if such investment or activity is consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and permitted by the Fund’s stated investment policies.
Borrowing
Although each Fund does not intend to borrow money, a Fund may do so to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, a Fund may borrow up to one-third (1/3) of its total assets. A Fund will borrow money only for short-term or emergency purposes. Such borrowing is not for investment purposes and will be repaid by the borrowing Fund promptly. Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on NAV of any increase or decrease in the market value of the borrowing Fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased. Each Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
Investments in Other Investment Companies
Each Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies, including other exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”). As the shareholder of another ETF, each Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other ETF’s expenses, including advisory fees. Such expenses are in addition to the expenses a Fund pays in connection with its own operations. A Fund’s investments in other ETFs may be limited by applicable law.
Disruptions in the markets for the securities underlying ETFs purchased or sold by a Fund could result in losses on investments in ETFs. ETFs also carry the risk that the price a Fund pays or receives may be higher or lower than the ETF’s NAV. ETFs are also subject to certain additional risks, including the risks of illiquidity and of possible trading halts due to market conditions or other reasons, based on the policies of the relevant exchange.
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A Fund may invest in ETFs to the extent permitted by applicable law. Investing in another pooled vehicle exposes the Fund to all the risks of that pooled vehicle. Generally, the federal securities laws limit the extent to which a Fund can invest in securities of other investment companies, subject to certain exceptions. For example, the 1940 Act provides that a Fund may not: (1) purchase more than 3% of another investment company’s outstanding shares; (2) invest more than 5% of its assets in any such investment company (the “5% Limit”), and (3) invest more than 10% of its assets in investment companies overall (the “10% Limit”). A Fund may rely on Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act, which provides that the provisions of paragraph 12(d)(1) shall not apply to securities purchased or otherwise acquired by the Fund if: (i) immediately after such purchase or acquisition not more than 3% of the total outstanding shares of such registered investment company is owned by the Fund and all affiliated persons of such Fund; and (ii) the Fund has not offered or sold, and is not proposing to offer or sell its shares through a principal underwriter or otherwise at a public offering price that includes a sales load of more than 1 ½%. Rule 12d1-3 under the 1940 Act provides, however, that the Fund may rely on the Section 12(d)(1)(F) exemption and charge a sales load in excess of 1 1/2% provided the sales load and any service fee charged does not exceed limits set forth in applicable rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”).
If a Fund invests in and, thus, is a shareholder of, another investment company, the Fund’s shareholders will indirectly bear the Fund’s proportionate share of the fees and expenses paid by such other investment company, including advisory fees, in addition to both the management fees payable directly by the Fund to the Fund’s own investment adviser and the other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with the Fund’s own operations.
Each Fund may also rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act. Rule 12d1-4 permits a Fund to invest in other investment companies beyond the statutory limits, subject to certain conditions specified in the rule. Rule 12d1-4, among other things, (1) applies to both “acquired funds” and “acquiring funds,” each as defined under the rule; (2) includes limits on control and voting of acquired funds’ shares; (3) requires that the investment advisers of acquired funds and acquiring funds relying on the rule make certain specified findings based on their evaluation of the relevant fund of funds structure; (4) requires acquired funds and acquiring funds that are relying on the rule, and which do not have the same investment adviser, to enter into fund of funds investment agreements, which must include specific terms; and (5) includes certain limits on complex fund of funds structures.
Closed-End Funds. Closed-end funds are investment companies that typically issue a fixed number of shares that trade on a securities exchange or over-the-counter. The risks of investment in closed-end funds typically reflect the risk of the types of securities in which the funds invest. Investments in closed-end funds are subject to the additional risk that shares of the fund may trade at a premium or discount to their NAV per share. Closed-end funds come in many varieties and can have different investment objectives, strategies and investment portfolios. They also can be subject to different risks, volatility and fees and expenses. When a Fund invests in shares of a closed-end fund, shareholders of the Fund bear their proportionate share of the closed-end fund’s fees and expenses, as well as their share of the Fund’s fees and expenses.
Non-U.S. Securities
A Fund may invest in non-U.S. equity securities. Investments in non-U.S. equity securities involve certain risks that may not be present in investments in U.S. securities. For example, non-U.S. securities may be subject to currency risks or to foreign government taxes. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and a foreign issuer may or may not be subject to
6
uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those in the U.S. Other risks of investing in such securities include political or economic instability in the country involved, the difficulty of predicting international trade patterns and the possibility of imposition of exchange controls. The prices of such securities may be more volatile than those of domestic securities. With respect to certain foreign countries, there is a possibility of expropriation of assets or nationalization, imposition of withholding taxes on dividend or interest payments, difficulty in obtaining and enforcing judgments against foreign entities or diplomatic developments which could affect investment in these countries. Losses and other expenses may be incurred in converting between various currencies in connection with purchases and sales of foreign securities. Since foreign exchanges may be open on days when a Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares. Conversely, shares may trade on days when foreign exchanges are closed. Each of these factors can make an investment in a Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments.
Non-U.S. stock markets may not be as developed or efficient as, and may be more volatile than, those in the U.S. While the volume of shares traded on non-U.S. stock markets generally has been growing, such markets usually have substantially less volume than U.S. markets. Therefore, a Fund’s investment in non-U.S. equity securities may be less liquid and subject to more rapid and erratic price movements than comparable securities listed for trading on U.S. exchanges. Non-U.S. equity securities may trade at price/earnings multiples higher than comparable U.S. securities and such levels may not be sustainable. There may be less government supervision and regulation of foreign stock exchanges, brokers, banks and listed companies abroad than in the U.S. Moreover, settlement practices for transactions in foreign markets may differ from those in U.S. markets. Such differences may include delays beyond periods customary in the U.S. and practices, such as delivery of securities prior to receipt of payment, that increase the likelihood of a failed settlement, which can result in losses to a Fund. The value of non-U.S. investments and the investment income derived from them may also be affected unfavorably by changes in currency exchange control regulations. Foreign brokerage commissions, custodial expenses and other fees are also generally higher than for securities traded in the U.S. This may cause a Fund to incur higher portfolio transaction costs than domestic equity funds. Fluctuations in exchange rates may also affect the earning power and asset value of the foreign entity issuing a security, even one denominated in U.S. dollars. Dividend and interest payments may be repatriated based on the exchange rate at the time of disbursement, and restrictions on capital flows may be imposed.
Short Sales
A Fund may sell securities short. A short sale is a transaction in which a Fund sells a security it does not own or have the right to acquire (or that it owns but does not wish to deliver) in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline.
When a Fund makes a short sale, the broker-dealer through which the short sale is made must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the party purchasing the security. A Fund is required to make a margin deposit in connection with such short sales; a Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and will often be obligated to pay over any dividends and accrued interest on borrowed securities.
If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time a Fund covers its short position, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.
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To the extent a Fund sells securities short, it will provide collateral to the broker-dealer and (except in the case of short sales “against the box”) will maintain additional asset coverage in the form of cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid investments with its custodian in a segregated account in an amount at least equal to the difference between the current market value of the securities sold short and any amounts required to be deposited as collateral with the selling broker (not including the proceeds of the short sale). A short sale is “against the box” to the extent a Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short.
Equity Securities
Equity securities, such as the common stock of an issuer, are subject to stock market fluctuations and therefore may experience volatile changes in value as market conditions, consumer sentiment or the financial condition of the issuers change. A decrease in value of the equity securities in a Fund’s portfolio may also cause the value of the Fund’s shares to decline.
An investment in a Fund should be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in equity securities, including the risk that the financial condition of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition of the stock market may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities and therefore a decrease in the value of shares).
Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence and perceptions change. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies; inflation and interest rates; economic expansion or contraction; and global or regional political, economic or banking crises.
Holders of common stocks incur more risk than holders of preferred stocks and debt obligations because common stockholders, as owners of the issuer, generally have inferior rights to receive payments from the issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks. Further, unlike debt securities, which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (whose value, however, is subject to market fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks, which typically have a liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the common stock remains outstanding.
When-issued securities. A when-issued security is one whose terms are available and for which a market exists, but which has not been issued. When a Fund engages in when-issued transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the sale. If the other party fails to complete the sale, a Fund may miss the opportunity to obtain the security at a favorable price or yield. When purchasing a security on a when-issued basis, a Fund assumes the rights and risks of ownership of the security, including the risk of price and yield changes. At the time of settlement, the value of the security may be more or less than the purchase price. The yield available in the market when the delivery takes place also may be higher than those obtained in the transaction itself. Because a Fund does not pay for the security until the delivery date, these risks are in addition to the risks associated with its other investments.
Decisions to enter into “when-issued” transactions will be considered on a case-by-case basis when necessary to maintain continuity in a company’s index membership. A Fund will segregate cash or liquid
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securities equal in value to commitments for the when-issued transactions. A Fund will segregate additional liquid assets daily so that the value of such assets is equal to the amount of the commitments.
Types of Equity Securities:
Common Stocks — Common stocks represent units of ownership in a company. Common stocks usually carry voting rights and earn dividends. Unlike preferred stocks, which are described below, dividends on common stocks are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the company’s board of directors.
Preferred Stocks — Preferred stocks are also units of ownership in a company. Preferred stocks normally have preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of the company. However, in all other respects, preferred stocks are subordinated to the liabilities of the issuer. Unlike common stocks, preferred stocks are generally not entitled to vote on corporate matters. Types of preferred stocks include adjustable-rate preferred stock, fixed dividend preferred stock, perpetual preferred stock, and sinking fund preferred stock.
Generally, the market values of preferred stock with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element vary inversely with interest rates and perceived credit risk.
Rights and Warrants — A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life of usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are usually issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitles the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive.
An investment in warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. Investing in rights and warrants increases the potential profit or loss to be realized from the investment as compared with investing the same amount in the underlying securities.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies — The securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse issuer, market, political, or economic developments than securities of larger-capitalization companies. The securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Some small- or mid-capitalization companies have limited product lines, markets, and financial and managerial resources and tend to concentrate on fewer geographical markets relative to larger capitalization companies. There is typically less publicly available information concerning small- and mid-capitalization companies than for larger, more established companies. Small- and mid-capitalization companies also may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs, and earnings.
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Large Capitalization Companies — Investments in large capitalization companies may go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions and may underperform other market segments. Some large capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, such as changes in technology and consumer tastes, and may not be able to attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies, especially during extended periods of economic expansion. As such, returns on investments in stocks of large capitalization companies could trail the returns on investments in stocks of small and mid-capitalization companies.
Fixed Income/Debt/Bond Securities
Yields on fixed income securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and other fixed income securities markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. An investment in a Fund will be subjected to risk even if all fixed income securities in the Fund’s portfolio are paid in full at maturity. All fixed income securities, including U.S. Government securities, can change in value when there is a change in interest rates or the issuer’s actual or perceived creditworthiness or ability to meet its obligations.
There is normally an inverse relationship between the market value of securities sensitive to prevailing interest rates and actual changes in interest rates. In other words, an increase in interest rates produces a decrease in market value. The longer the remaining maturity (and duration) of a security, the greater will be the effect of interest rate changes on the market value of that security. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the markets’ perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. Obligations of issuers of fixed income securities (including municipal securities) are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978. In addition, the obligations of municipal issuers may become subject to laws enacted in the future by Congress, state legislatures, or referenda extending the time for payment of principal and/or interest, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations or upon the ability of municipalities to levy taxes. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. The possibility exists, therefore, that, the ability of any issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may become impaired.
The corporate debt securities in which a Fund may invest include corporate bonds and notes and short-term investments such as commercial paper and variable rate demand notes. Commercial paper (short-term promissory notes) is issued by companies to finance their or their affiliate’s current obligations and is frequently unsecured. Variable and floating rate demand notes are unsecured obligations redeemable upon not more than 30 days’ notice. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement with the issuer of the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days’ notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a 7-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid investment.
The Funds may invest in debt securities, including non-investment grade debt securities. The following describes some of the risks associated with fixed income debt securities:
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Interest Rate Risk. Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. In general, the price of a debt security can fall when interest rates rise and can rise when interest rates fall. Securities with longer maturities and mortgage securities can be more sensitive to interest rate changes although they usually offer higher yields to compensate investors for the greater risks. The longer the maturity of the security, the greater the impact a change in interest rates could have on the security’s price. In addition, short-term and long-term interest rates do not necessarily move in the same amount or the same direction. Short-term securities tend to react to changes in short-term interest rates and long-term securities tend to react to changes in long-term interest rates.
Credit Risk. Fixed income securities of issuers with lower credit quality have speculative characteristics and changes in economic conditions or other circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of those issuers to make principal or interest payments, as compared to issuers of more highly rated securities of issuers with higher credit quality.
Extension Risk. The Funds are subject to the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Funds (such as mortgage-backed securities) later than expected. This may happen when there is a rise in interest rates. These events may lengthen the duration (i.e. interest rate sensitivity) and potentially reduce the value of these securities.
Prepayment Risk. Certain types of debt securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, have yield and maturity characteristics corresponding to underlying assets. Unlike traditional debt securities, which may pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity when the entire principal amount comes due, payments on certain mortgage-backed securities may include both interest and a partial payment of principal. Besides the scheduled repayment of principal, payments of principal may result from the voluntary prepayment, refinancing, or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans.
Securities subject to prepayment are less effective than other types of securities as a means of “locking in” attractive long-term interest rates. One reason is the need to reinvest prepayments of principal; another is the possibility of significant unscheduled prepayments resulting from declines in interest rates. These prepayments would have to be reinvested at lower rates. As a result, these securities may have less potential for capital appreciation during periods of declining interest rates than other securities of comparable maturities, although they may have a similar risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. Prepayments may also significantly shorten the effective maturities of these securities, especially during periods of declining interest rates. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, a reduction in prepayments may increase the effective maturities of these securities, subjecting them to a greater risk of decline in market value in response to rising interest rates than traditional debt securities, and, therefore, potentially increasing the volatility of a Fund.
At times, some of the mortgage-backed securities in which a Fund may invest will have higher than market interest rates and therefore will be purchased at a premium above their par value. Prepayments may cause losses in securities purchased at a premium, as unscheduled prepayments, which are made at par, will cause a Fund to experience a loss equal to any unamortized premium.
Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”)
A REIT is a corporation or business trust (that would otherwise be taxed as a corporation) which meets the definitional requirements of Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The Code permits a qualifying REIT to deduct from taxable income the dividends paid, thereby effectively eliminating corporate level federal income tax. To meet the definitional requirements of the Code, a REIT
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must, among other things: invest substantially all of its assets in interests in real estate (including mortgages and other REITs), cash and government securities; derive most of its income from rents from real property or interest on loans secured by mortgages on real property; and, in general, distribute annually 90% or more of its taxable income (other than net capital gains) to shareholders.
REITs are sometimes informally characterized as Equity REITs and Mortgage REITs. An Equity REIT invests primarily in the fee ownership or leasehold ownership of land and buildings (e.g., commercial equity REITs and residential equity REITs); a Mortgage REIT invests primarily in mortgages on real property, which may secure construction, development or long-term loans.
REITs may be affected by changes in underlying real estate values, which may have an exaggerated effect to the extent that REITs in which a Fund invests may concentrate investments in particular geographic regions or property types. Additionally, rising interest rates may cause investors in REITs to demand a higher annual yield from future distributions, which may in turn decrease market prices for equity securities issued by REITs. Rising interest rates also generally increase the costs of obtaining financing, which could cause the value of a Fund’s investments to decline. During periods of declining interest rates, certain Mortgage REITs may hold mortgages that the mortgagors elect to prepay, which prepayment may diminish the yield on securities issued by such Mortgage REITs. In addition, Mortgage REITs may be affected by the ability of borrowers to repay when due the debt extended by the REIT and Equity REITs may be affected by the ability of tenants to pay rent.
Certain REITs have relatively small market capitalization, which may tend to increase the volatility of the market price of securities issued by such REITs. Furthermore, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills, have limited diversification and are, therefore, subject to risks inherent in operating and financing a limited number of projects. By investing in REITs indirectly through a Fund, a shareholder will bear not only his or her proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also, indirectly, similar expenses of the REITs. REITs depend generally on their ability to generate cash flow to make distributions to shareholders.
In addition to these risks, Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the trusts, while Mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Further, Equity and Mortgage REITs are dependent upon management skills and generally may not be diversified. Equity and Mortgage REITs are also subject to heavy cash flow dependency defaults by borrowers and self-liquidation. In addition, Equity and Mortgage REITs could possibly fail to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment generally available to REITs under the Code or fail to maintain their exemptions from registration under the 1940 Act. The above factors may also adversely affect a borrower’s or a lessee’s ability to meet its obligations to the REIT. In the event of default by a borrower or lessee, the REIT may experience delays in enforcing its rights as a mortgagee or lessor and may incur substantial costs associated with protecting its investments.
Depositary Receipts
To the extent a Fund invests in stocks of foreign corporations, the Fund’s investment in securities of foreign companies may be in the form of depositary receipts or other securities convertible into securities of foreign issuers. American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) are dollar-denominated receipts representing interests in the securities of a foreign issuer, which securities may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the securities into which they may be converted. ADRs are receipts typically issued by U.S. banks and trust companies which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign
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corporation. Generally, ADRs in registered form are designed for use in domestic securities markets and are traded on exchanges or over-the-counter in the United States.
Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), and International Depositary Receipts (“IDRs”) are similar to ADRs in that they are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer; however, GDRs, EDRs, and IDRs may be issued in bearer form and denominated in other currencies and are generally designed for use in specific or multiple securities markets outside the U.S. EDRs, for example, are designed for use in European securities markets, while GDRs are designed for use throughout the world. Depositary receipts will not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as their underlying securities.
A Fund will not invest in any unlisted depositary receipts or any depositary receipt that the Adviser deems to be illiquid or for which pricing information is not readily available. In addition, all depositary receipts generally must be sponsored. However, a Fund may invest in unsponsored depositary receipts under certain limited circumstances. The issuers of unsponsored depositary receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States and, therefore, there may be less information available regarding such issuers and there may not be a correlation between such information and the value of the depositary receipts.
U.S. Government Securities
The Funds may invest in U.S. government securities. Securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities include U.S. Treasury securities, which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury and which differ only in their interest rates, maturities, and times of issuance. U.S. Treasury bills have initial maturities of one-year or less; U.S. Treasury notes have initial maturities of one to ten years; and U.S. Treasury bonds generally have initial maturities of greater than ten years. Certain U.S. government securities are issued or guaranteed by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government including, but not limited to, obligations of U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Small Business Administration, the Federal Farm Credit Administration, the Federal Home Loan Banks, Banks for Cooperatives (including the Central Bank for Cooperatives), the Federal Land Banks, the Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Federal Financing Bank, the Student Loan Marketing Association, the National Credit Union Administration and the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (Farmer Mac).
Some obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and instrumentalities, including, for example, Ginnie Mae pass- through certificates, are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. Other obligations issued by or guaranteed by federal agencies, such as those securities issued by Fannie Mae, are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the federal agency, while other obligations issued by or guaranteed by federal agencies, such as those of the Federal Home Loan Banks, are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, while the U.S. government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored federal agencies, no assurance can be given that the U.S. government will always do so, since the U.S. government is not so obligated by law. U.S. Treasury notes and bonds typically pay coupon interest semi- annually and repay the principal at maturity.
On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced a federal takeover of Fannie Mae and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), placing the two federal instrumentalities in
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conservatorship. Under the takeover, the U.S. Treasury agreed to acquire $1 billion of senior preferred stock of each instrumentality and obtained warrants for the purchase of common stock of each instrumentality (the “Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement” or “Agreement”). Under the Agreement, the U.S. Treasury pledged to provide up to $200 billion per instrumentality as needed, including the contribution of cash capital to the instrumentalities in the event their liabilities exceed their assets. This was intended to ensure that the instrumentalities maintain a positive net worth and meet their financial obligations, preventing mandatory triggering of receivership. On December 24, 2009, the U.S. Treasury announced that it was amending the Agreement to allow the $200 billion cap on the U.S. Treasury’s funding commitment to increase as necessary to accommodate any cumulative reduction in net worth over the next three years. As a result of the Agreement, the investments of holders, including a Fund, of mortgage-backed securities and other obligations issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are protected.
The total public debt of the United States as a percentage of gross domestic product has grown rapidly since the beginning of the 2008-2009 financial downturn. Although high debt levels do not necessarily indicate or cause economic problems, they may create certain systemic risks if sound debt management practices are not implemented. A high national debt can raise concerns that the U.S. government will not be able to make principal or interest payments when they are due. This increase has also necessitated the need for the U.S. Congress to negotiate adjustments to the statutory debt limit to increase the cap on the amount the U.S. government is permitted to borrow to meet its existing obligations and finance current budget deficits. In August 2011, S&P lowered its long-term sovereign credit rating on the U.S. In explaining the downgrade at that time, S&P cited, among other reasons, controversy over raising the statutory debt limit and growth in public spending. Any controversy or ongoing uncertainty regarding the statutory debt ceiling negotiations may impact the U.S. long-term sovereign credit rating and may cause market uncertainty. As a result, market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government may be adversely affected. In August 2023, Fitch Ratings downgraded its long-term foreign credit issuer default rating on the U.S. to AA+ from AAA, citing expected fiscal deterioration over the next three years.
Derivatives
A Fund may use derivative instruments for various reasons, including to create investment leverage; as a substitute for securities, interest rates, currencies and commodities; for tax purposes; and/or to hedge against market movements. The information below contains general additional information about derivatives.
Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act. Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act (the “Derivatives Rule”) provides a comprehensive framework for the use of derivatives by registered investment companies. The Derivatives Rule permits a registered investment company, subject to various conditions described below, to enter into derivatives transactions and certain other transactions notwithstanding the restrictions on the issuance of “senior securities” under Section 18 of the 1940 Act. Section 18 of the 1940 Act, among other things, prohibits open-end funds, including the Funds, from issuing or selling any “senior security,” other than borrowing from a bank (subject to a requirement to maintain 300% “asset coverage”).
Registered investment companies that do not qualify as “limited derivatives users” as defined below, are required by the Derivatives Rule to, among other things, (i) adopt and implement a derivatives risk management program (“DRMP”) and new testing requirements; (ii) comply with a relative or absolute limit on fund leverage risk calculated based on value-at-risk (“VaR”); and (iii) comply with new
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requirements related to Board and SEC reporting. The DRMP is administered by a “derivatives risk manager,” who is appointed by the Board and periodically reviews the DRMP and reports to the Board.
The Derivatives Rule provides an exception from the DRMP, VaR limit and certain other requirements for a registered investment company that limits its “derivatives exposure” to no more than 10% of its net assets (as calculated in accordance with the Derivatives Rule) (a “limited derivatives user”), provided that the registered investment company establishes appropriate policies and procedures reasonably designed to manage derivatives risks, including the risk of exceeding the 10% “derivatives exposure” threshold.
The requirements of the Derivatives Rule may limit a Fund’s ability to engage in derivatives transactions as part of its investment strategies. These requirements may also increase the cost of a Fund’s investments and cost of doing business, which could adversely affect the value of the Fund’s investments and/or the performance of the Fund. The rule also may not be effective to limit a Fund’s risk of loss. In particular, measurements of VaR rely on historical data and may not accurately measure the degree of risk reflected in a Fund’s derivatives or other investments. There may be additional regulation of the use of derivatives transactions by registered investment companies, which could significantly affect their use. The ultimate impact of the regulations remains unclear. Additional regulation of derivatives transactions may make them more costly, limit their availability or utility, otherwise adversely affect their performance or disrupt markets.
Cover for Futures Contracts. Transactions involving futures contracts expose a Fund to an obligation to another party. The Funds will not enter into any such transactions unless it complies with the Derivatives Rule, including any applicable VaR limit, and owns either: (1) an offsetting “covered” position in other futures contracts; or (2) cash and liquid assets with a value, marked-to-market daily, sufficient to cover its potential obligations to the extent not covered as provided in (1) above. The Funds may enter into agreements with broker-dealers, which require the broker-dealers to accept physical settlement for certain futures contracts. If this occurs, a Fund would treat the futures contract as being cash-settled for purposes of determining the Fund’s coverage requirements.
Regulation as a Commodity Pool Operator. The Adviser has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to the Funds under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) pursuant to the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) Regulation 4.5. The Funds currently expect to operate in a manner that would permit the Adviser to continue to claim the exclusion under Rule 4.5, which may adversely affect the Adviser’s ability to manage the Funds under certain market conditions and may adversely affect a Fund’s total return. In the event the Adviser becomes unable to rely on the exclusion under Rule 4.5 and is required to register with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator with respect to a Fund, the Fund’s expenses may increase and the Fund may be adversely affected. The Funds may be limited in their ability to use futures and options on futures and to engage in certain swaps transactions during any period where its investment adviser is not registered as a commodity pool operator or commodity trading advisor. Such limitations are not expected to affect the normal operations of the Funds.
Options on Futures Contracts. The Funds may purchase and sell options on the same types of futures in which they may invest. Options on futures are similar to options on underlying instruments except that options on futures give the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put), rather than to purchase or sell the futures contract, at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by the delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s
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futures margin account which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract, at exercise, exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. Purchasers of options who fail to exercise their options prior to the exercise date suffer a loss of the premium paid.
Options on Securities. The Funds may purchase and write (i.e., sell) put and call options. Such options may relate to particular securities or stock indices, and may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the Options Clearing Corporation. Options trading is a highly specialized activity that entails greater than ordinary investment risk. Options may be more volatile than the underlying instruments, and therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves.
A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the writer (seller) the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. The premium paid to the writer is in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives the purchaser the right to sell the security at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security.
Stock index options are put options and call options on various stock indices. In most respects, they are identical to listed options on common stocks. The primary difference between stock options and index options occurs when index options are exercised. In the case of stock options, the underlying security, common stock, is delivered. However, upon the exercise of an index option, settlement does not occur by delivery of the securities comprising the index. The option holder who exercises the index option receives an amount of cash if the closing level of the stock index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the stock index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple. A stock index fluctuates with changes in the market value of the stocks included in the index. For example, some stock index options are based on a broad market index, such as the Standard & Poor’s 500® Index or the Value Line Composite Index, or a narrower market index, such as the Standard & Poor’s 100® Index. Indices may also be based on an industry or market segment, such as the NYSE Arca Oil and Gas Index or the Computer and Business Equipment Index. Options on stock indices are currently traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange.
A Fund’s obligation to sell an instrument subject to a call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a put option written by it, may be terminated prior to the expiration date of the option by the Fund’s execution of a closing purchase transaction, which is effected by purchasing on an exchange an option of the same series (i.e., same underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. The cost of such a liquidation purchase plus transactions costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Funds will have incurred a loss in the transaction. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. An option writer unable to effect a closing purchase transaction will not be able to sell the underlying instrument or liquidate the assets held in a segregated account, as described below, until the option expires or the optioned instrument is delivered upon exercise. In such circumstances, the writer will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.
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If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a loss equal to the premium paid. If a Fund enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Fund will realize a gain if the premium received by the Fund on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option or a loss if it is less. If an option written by a Fund expires on the stipulated expiration date or if the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option is sold). If an option written by a Fund is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Fund will realize a gain or loss.
Certain Risks Regarding Options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons which include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
Successful use by a Fund of options on stock indices will be subject to the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict movements in the directions of the stock market. This requires different skills and techniques than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. In addition, a Fund’s ability to effectively hedge all or a portion of the securities in its portfolio, in anticipation of or during a market decline, through transactions in put options on stock indices, depends on the degree to which price movements in the underlying index correlate with the price movements of the securities held by the Fund. In as much as a Fund’s securities will not duplicate the components of an index, the correlation will not be perfect. Consequently, a Fund bears the risk that the prices of its securities being hedged will not move in the same amount as the prices of its put options on the stock indices. It is also possible that there may be a negative correlation between the index and a Fund’s securities that would result in a loss on both such securities and the options on stock indices acquired by the Fund.
The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets. The purchase of options is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The purchase of stock index options involves the risk that the premium and transaction costs paid by a Fund in purchasing an option will be lost as a result of unanticipated movements in prices of the securities comprising the stock index on which the option is based.
There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an options exchange will exist for any particular option, or at any particular time, and for some options no secondary market on an exchange or elsewhere
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may exist. If a Fund is unable to close out a call option on securities that it has written before the option is exercised, the Fund may be required to purchase the optioned securities in order to satisfy its obligation under the option to deliver such securities. If a Fund was unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options on securities that it has purchased, it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase and sale of the underlying securities.
Cover for Options Positions. Transactions using options (other than options that a Fund has purchased) expose a Fund to an obligation to another party. The Funds will not enter into any such transactions unless it complies with the Derivatives Rule, including any applicable VaR limit, and owns either (i) an offsetting “covered” position in securities or other options or (ii) cash or liquid investments with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered as provided in (i) above. The Funds will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and, if the guidelines so require, set aside cash or liquid investments in a segregated account with the custodian in the prescribed amount. Under current SEC guidelines, a Fund will segregate assets to cover transactions in which the Fund writes or sells options.
Assets used as cover or held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding option is open unless they are replaced with similar assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of a Fund’s assets to cover or segregated accounts could impede portfolio management or the Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Dealer Options. A Fund may engage in transactions involving dealer options as well as exchange-traded options. Certain additional risks are specific to dealer options. While a Fund might look to a clearing corporation to exercise exchange-traded options, if the Fund were to purchase a dealer option it would need to rely on the dealer from which it purchased the option to perform if the option were exercised. Failure by the dealer to do so would result in the loss of the premium paid by a Fund as well as loss of the expected benefit of the transaction.
Exchange-traded options generally have a continuous liquid market while dealer options may not. Consequently, a Fund may generally be able to realize the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by exercising or reselling the option to the dealer who issued it. Similarly, when a Fund writes a dealer option, the Fund may generally be able to close out the option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer to whom the Fund originally wrote the option. While a Fund will seek to enter into dealer options only with dealers who will agree to and which are expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with the Fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will at any time be able to liquidate a dealer option at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. Unless a Fund, as a covered dealer call option writer, is able to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used as cover until the option expires or is exercised. In the event of insolvency of the other party, a Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option. With respect to options written by the Fund, the inability to enter into a closing transaction may result in material losses to the Fund. For example, because the Funds must maintain a secured position with respect to any call option on a security it writes, the Funds may not sell the assets that it has segregated to secure the position while it is obligated under the option. This requirement may impair a Fund’s ability to sell portfolio securities at a time when such sale might be advantageous.
Spread Transactions. The Funds may purchase covered spread options from securities dealers. These covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the Funds the right to put securities that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread
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in relationship to another security that a Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to a Fund, in addition to the risks of dealer options described above, is the cost of the premium paid as well as any transaction costs. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect a Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. This protection is provided only during the life of the spread options.
Futures Contracts. A futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific financial instrument (e.g., units of a stock index) for a specified price, date, time and place designated at the time the contract is made. Brokerage fees are paid when a futures contract is bought or sold and margin deposits must be maintained. Entering into a contract to buy is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position. Entering into a contract to sell is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position. Unlike when a Fund purchases or sells a security, no price would be paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Upon entering into a futures contract, and to maintain a Fund’s open positions in futures contracts, a Fund would be required to deposit with its custodian or futures broker in a segregated account in the name of the futures broker an amount of cash, U.S. government securities, suitable money market instruments, or other liquid investments, known as “initial margin.” The margin required for a particular futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded, and may be significantly modified from time to time by the exchange during the term of the contract. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margins that may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.
If the price of an open futures contract changes (by increase in underlying instrument or index in the case of a sale or by decrease in the case of a purchase) so that the loss on the futures contract reaches a point at which the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, the broker will require an increase in the margin. However, if the value of a position increases because of favorable price changes in the futures contract so that the margin deposit exceeds the required margin, the broker will pay the excess to a Fund. These subsequent payments, called “variation margin,” to and from the futures broker, are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying assets fluctuate making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as “marking to the market.” A Fund expects to earn interest income on any margin deposits. Although certain futures contracts, by their terms, require actual future delivery of and payment for the underlying instruments, in practice most futures contracts are usually closed out before the delivery date. Closing out an open futures contract purchase or sale is effected by entering into an offsetting futures contract sale or purchase, respectively, for the same aggregate amount of the identical underlying instrument or index and the same delivery date. If the offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, a Fund realizes a gain; if it is more, a Fund realizes a loss. Conversely, if the offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, a Fund realizes a gain; if it is less, the Fund realizes a loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations. There can be no assurance, however, that a Fund will be able to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to a particular futures contract at a particular time. If a Fund is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, the Fund will continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contract.
Because a Fund will designate on its books or maintain in a separate account liquid assets to satisfy its purchase commitments in the manner described, the Fund’s liquidity and the ability of the Adviser to manage them may be affected in the event the Fund’s forward commitments, commitments to purchase when-issued securities and delayed settlements ever exceeded 15% of the value of its net assets.
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Futures trading is speculative and futures prices are highly volatile. Price movements for futures contracts, for example, which may fluctuate substantially during a short period of time, are influenced by numerous factors that affect the securities markets, including: changing supply and demand relationships; government programs and policies; national and international political and economic events and changes in interest rates. Also, the success of many futures trading strategies that use “technical” factors in identifying price moves depends upon the occurrence in the future of price movements. Technical systems will not be profitable and may in fact produce losses if there are no market moves of the kind the system seeks to follow. Any factor that would make it more difficult to execute the trades identified, such as a reduction of liquidity, also would reduce profitability.
Futures trading is highly leveraged. The low margin deposits normally required in trading futures interests permit an extremely high degree of leverage. Accordingly, a relatively small price movement in a futures interest may result in an immediate and substantial loss to the investor. Like other leveraged investments, futures trading may result in losses in excess of the amount invested.
Futures contracts may be classified as illiquid. Most U.S. futures exchanges impose daily limits regulating the maximum amount above or below the previous day’s settlement price which a futures contract price may fluctuate during a single day. During a single trading day no trades may be executed at prices beyond the daily limit. Once the price of a particular futures contract has increased or decreased to the limit point, it may be difficult, costly or impossible to liquidate a position. Futures prices in particular contracts have occasionally moved the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no trading. If this occurs, the Funds might be prevented from promptly liquidating unfavorable positions which could result in substantial losses. Those losses could significantly exceed the margin initially committed to the trades involved. In addition, even if prices have not moved the daily limit, or if there are no limits for the contracts traded by a Fund, the Fund may not be able to execute trades at favorable prices if little trading in the contracts is taking place. It is also possible that an exchange or the CFTC may suspend trading in a particular contract, order immediate settlement of a contract or order that trading to the liquidation of open positions only. The CFTC and U.S. exchanges may also impose speculative position limits which, if applicable to a Fund’s trading in futures contracts, could require liquidation of positions that could negatively impact profitability. Futures trading involves counterparty risk. Futures brokers must maintain a Fund’s assets (other than assets used to trade foreign futures or options on foreign markets) in a segregated account. If a futures broker goes bankrupt, a Fund could lose money as it may only be able to recover a pro-rata share of the property available for distribution to all of the broker’s customers. In addition, even if a futures broker adequately segregates a Fund’s assets, the Fund may still be subject to risk of loss of funds on deposit should another customer of the futures broker fail to satisfy deficiencies in such other customer’s account. In addition, trading may occur on foreign exchanges and other non-U.S. markets. Neither existing CFTC regulations nor regulations of any other U.S. governmental agency apply to transactions on foreign markets. A Fund, should it trade futures contracts, is at risk for fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currencies in which it trades and U.S. dollars. It also is possible that exchange controls could be imposed in the future. There is no restriction on how much of a Fund’s trading might be on foreign markets. In addition, if a Fund chooses to exchange a cash, forward or spot market position outside of regular trading hours for a comparable futures position, such transactions are subject to counterparty creditworthiness risk.
Swap Agreements. A Fund may enter into interest rate, index and currency exchange rate swap agreements in an attempt to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to the Fund than if it had invested directly in an instrument that yielded that desired return. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials
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in rates of returns) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. The “notional amount” of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the obligations the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Fund’s obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”).
Whether a Fund’s use of swap agreements enhances the Fund’s total return will depend on the Adviser’s ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. Because they are two-party contracts and may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be classified as illiquid. Moreover, a Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. The Adviser will cause a Fund to enter into swap agreements only with counterparties that would be eligible for consideration as repurchase agreement counterparties under the Fund’s repurchase agreement guidelines. The swap market is a relatively new market and is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Certain swap agreements are exempt from most provisions of the CEA and, therefore, are not regulated as futures or commodity option transactions under the CEA, pursuant to regulations of the CFTC. To qualify for this exemption, a swap agreement must be entered into by “eligible participants,” which include the following, provided the participants’ total assets exceed established levels: a bank or trust company, savings association or credit union, insurance company, investment company subject to regulation under the 1940 Act, commodity pool, corporation, partnership, proprietorship, organization, trust or other entity, employee benefit plan, governmental entity, broker-dealer, futures commission merchant, natural person, or regulated foreign person. To be eligible, natural persons and most other entities must have total assets exceeding $10 million; commodity pools and employees benefit plans must have assets exceeding $5 million. In addition, an eligible swap transaction must meet three conditions. First, the swap agreement may not be part of a fungible class of agreements that are standardized as to their material economic terms. Second, the creditworthiness of parties with actual or potential obligations under the swap agreement must be a material consideration in entering into or determining the terms of the swap agreement, including pricing, cost or credit enhancement terms. Third, swap agreements may not be entered into and traded on or through a multilateral transaction execution facility.
Certain Investment Techniques and Derivatives Risks. When a Fund uses investment techniques such as margin, leverage and short sales, and forms of financial derivatives, such as options and futures, an investment in the Fund may be more volatile than investments in other mutual funds. Although the intention is to use such investment techniques and derivatives to minimize risk to a Fund, there is the possibility that improper implementation of such techniques and derivative strategies or unusual market conditions could result in significant losses to the Fund. Derivatives are used to limit risk in a Fund or to enhance investment return and have a return tied to a formula based upon an interest rate, index, price of a security, or other measurement. Derivatives involve special risks, including: (1) the risk that interest rates, securities prices and currency markets will not move in the direction that a portfolio manager anticipates; (2) imperfect correlation between the price of derivative instruments and movements in the prices of the securities, interest rates or currencies being hedged; (3) the fact that skills needed to use these strategies are different than those needed to select portfolio securities; (4) the possible absence of a liquid secondary
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market for any particular instrument and possible exchange imposed price fluctuation limits, either of which may make it difficult or impossible to close out a position when desired; (5) the risk that adverse price movements in an instrument can result in a loss substantially greater than a Fund’s initial investment in that instrument (in some cases, the potential loss in unlimited); (6) particularly in the case of privately-negotiated instruments, the risk that the counterparty will not perform its obligations, or that penalties could be incurred for positions held less than the required minimum holding period, which could leave a Fund worse off than if it had not entered into the position; and (7) the inability to close out certain hedged positions. In addition, the use of derivatives for non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return) is considered a speculative practice and may present an even greater risk of loss than when used for hedging purposes.
Master Limited Partnerships
A Fund may invest in master limited partnership interests (“MLPs”). MLPs are limited partnerships, the interests in which (known as “units”) are traded on public exchanges, just like corporate stock. MLPs are limited partnerships that provide an investor with a direct interest in a group of assets (generally, oil and gas properties). Master limited partnership units typically trade publicly, like stock, and thus may provide the investor more liquidity than ordinary limited partnerships. Master limited partnerships are also called publicly traded partnerships and public limited partnerships. A limited partnership has one or more general partners (they may be individuals, corporations, partnerships or another entity) which manage the partnership, and limited partners, which provide capital to the partnership but have no role in its management. When an investor buys units in an MLP, he or she becomes a limited partner. MLPs are formed in several ways. A non-traded partnership may decide to go public. Several non-traded partnerships may “roll up” into a single MLP. A corporation may spin off a group of assets or part of its business into an MLP of which it is the general partner, either to realize what it believes to be the assets’ full value or as an alternative to issuing debt. A corporation may fully convert to an MLP, although since 1986 the tax consequences have made this unappealing; or, a newly formed company may operate as an MLP from its inception.
There are different types of risks to investing in MLPs, including regulatory risks and interest rate risks. Currently most publicly traded MLPs qualify for pass through taxation of their income to partners, on account of satisfying a qualifying income test, which prevents double taxation of earnings. If the government were to change the tax treatment of MLPs, unitholders would not be able to enjoy the relatively high yields in the sector for long. In addition, MLPs that charge government-regulated fees for transportation of oil and gas products through their pipelines are subject to unfavorable changes in government-approved rates and fees, which would affect an MLP’s revenue stream negatively. MLPs also carry some interest rate risks. During increases in interest rates, MLPs may not produce desirable returns to shareholders.
Utilities and Industrials
Utilities companies include companies that produce or distribute gas, electricity or water. These companies are subject to the risk of the imposition of rate caps, increased competition due to deregulation, the difficulty in obtaining an adequate return on invested capital or in financing large construction projects, the limitations on operations and increased costs and delays attributable to environmental considerations and the capital markets’ ability to absorb utility debt. In addition, taxes, government regulation, international politics, price and supply fluctuations, volatile interest rates and energy conservation may negatively affect utilities companies.
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The Industrial sector includes companies engaged in the manufacture and distribution of capital goods, such as those used in defense, construction and engineering, companies that manufacture and distribute electrical equipment and industrial machinery and those that provide commercial and transportation services and supplies. Companies in the Industrial sector may be adversely affected by changes in government regulation, world events and economic conditions. In addition, companies in the Industrial sector may be adversely affected by environmental damages, product liability claims and exchange rates. The success of these companies is affected by supply and demand both for their specific product or service and for Industrial sector products in general. The products of manufacturing companies may face product obsolescence due to rapid technological developments and frequent new product introduction. In addition, the Industrial sector may also be adversely affected by changes or trends in commodity prices, which may be unpredictable. As a result, a Fund’s investment returns may underperform the market in periods where the Industrial sectors underperform other sectors. Potential negative market or economic developments affecting one or more of the sectors in which a Fund’s investments are concentrated could have a greater impact on the Fund than on a fund with fewer holdings in the impacted sectors.
Repurchase Agreements
A Fund may invest in repurchase agreements with commercial banks, brokers or dealers to generate income from its excess cash balances and to invest securities lending cash collateral. A repurchase agreement is an agreement under which a Fund acquires a financial instrument (e.g., a security issued by the U.S. government or an agency thereof, a banker’s acceptance or a certificate of deposit) from a seller, subject to resale to the seller at an agreed upon price and date (normally, the next Business Day). A repurchase agreement may be considered a loan collateralized by securities. The resale price reflects an agreed upon interest rate effective for the period the instrument is held by a Fund and is unrelated to the interest rate on the underlying instrument.
In these repurchase agreement transactions, the securities acquired by a Fund (including accrued interest earned thereon) must have a total value in excess of the value of the repurchase agreement and are held by the Custodian until repurchased. No more than an aggregate of 15% of a Fund’s net assets will be invested in illiquid investments, including repurchase agreements having maturities longer than seven days and securities subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, or for which there are no readily available market quotations.
The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. For example, if the other party to the agreement defaults on its obligation to repurchase the underlying security at a time when the value of the security has declined, a Fund may incur a loss upon disposition of the security. If the other party to the agreement becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or other laws, a court may determine that the underlying security is collateral for a loan by a Fund not within the control of the Fund and, therefore, the Fund may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying security and may be deemed an unsecured creditor of the other party to the agreement.
Time Deposits and Variable Rate Notes
Each Fund may invest in fixed time deposits, whether or not subject to withdrawal penalties.
The commercial paper obligations, which a Fund may buy are unsecured and may include variable rate notes. The nature and terms of a variable rate note (i.e., a “Master Note”) permit a Fund to invest fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement between a Fund as Lender, and the issuer, as borrower. It permits daily changes in the amounts borrowed. A Fund has the
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right at any time to increase, up to the full amount stated in the note agreement, or to decrease the amount outstanding under the note. The issuer may prepay at any time and without penalty any part of or the full amount of the note. The note may or may not be backed by one or more bank letters of credit. Because these notes are direct lending arrangements between a Fund and the issuer, it is not generally contemplated that they will be traded; moreover, there is currently no secondary market for them. Except as specifically provided in the Prospectus, there is no limitation on the type of issuer from whom these notes may be purchased; however, in connection with such purchase and on an ongoing basis, the Funds’ Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuer, and its ability to pay principal and interest on demand, including a situation in which all holders of such notes made demand simultaneously. Variable rate notes are subject to the Funds’ investment restriction on illiquid securities unless such notes can be put back to the issuer on demand within seven days.
Insured Bank Obligations
Each Fund may invest in insured bank obligations. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insures the deposits of federally insured banks and savings and loan associations (collectively referred to as “banks”) up to $250,000. A Fund may purchase bank obligations that are fully insured as to principal by the FDIC. Currently, to remain fully insured as to principal, these investments must be limited to $250,000 per bank; if the principal amount and accrued interest together exceed $250,000, the excess principal and accrued interest will not be insured. Insured bank obligations may have limited marketability.
Swap Agreements
A Fund may utilize swap agreements in an attempt to gain exposure to the securities in a market without actually purchasing those securities, or to hedge a position. Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a day to more than one-year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” (i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a basket of securities representing a particular index).
Forms of swap agreements include interest rate caps, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or “cap” interest rate floors, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates fall below a specified level, or “floor;” and interest rate collars, under which a party sells a cap and purchases a floor or vice versa in an attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.
A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counterparty will be covered by segregating assets determined to be liquid. Obligations under swap agreements so covered will not be construed to be “senior securities” for purposes of a Fund’s investment restriction concerning senior securities. Because they are two-party contracts which may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid for purposes of a Fund’s illiquid investment limitations. The Funds will not enter into any swap agreement unless the Adviser believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. Each Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty.
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The Funds may enter into swap agreements to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of the underlying securities in circumstances in which direct investment is restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise impracticable. The counterparty to any swap agreement will typically be a bank, investment banking firm or broker-dealer. The counterparty will generally agree to pay a Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the swap agreement would have increased in value had it been invested in the particular stocks, plus the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. A Fund will agree to pay to the counterparty a floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the swap agreement plus the amount, if any, by which the notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks. Therefore, the return to a Fund on any swap agreement should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stocks less the interest paid by the Fund on the notional amount.
Swap agreements typically are settled on a net basis, which means that the two payment streams are netted out, with a Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Payments may be made at the conclusion of a swap agreement or periodically during its term. Other swap agreements, may require initial premium (discount) payments as well as periodic payments (receipts) related to the interest leg of the swap or to the default of a reference obligation. A Fund will earmark and reserve assets necessary to meet any accrued payment obligations when it is the buyer of a credit default swap.
Swap agreements do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to swap agreements is limited to the net amount of payments that a Fund is contractually obligated to make. If a swap counterparty defaults, a Fund’s risk of loss consists of the net amount of payments the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any. The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each equity swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid assets, having an aggregate NAV at least equal to such accrued excess will be maintained in a segregated account by a Fund’s custodian. Inasmuch as these transactions are entered into for hedging purposes or are offset by segregated cash of liquid assets, as permitted by applicable law, a Fund and the Adviser believe that these transactions do not constitute senior securities under the 1940 Act and, accordingly, will not treat them as being subject to the Fund’s borrowing restrictions.
The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with the markets for other similar instruments, which are traded in the OTC market. The Adviser, under the supervision of the Board, is responsible for determining and monitoring the liquidity of Fund transactions in swap agreements.
The use of swap agreements is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If a counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value of the swap would likely decline. Moreover, there is no guarantee that a Fund could eliminate its exposure under an outstanding swap agreement by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same or another party.
Illiquid Investments
A Fund may not acquire any illiquid investment if, immediately after the acquisition, the Fund would have invested more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments. An illiquid investment means any
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investment that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. If illiquid investments exceed 15% of a Fund’s net assets, certain remedial actions will be taken as required by Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act and the Fund’s policies and procedures.
The Funds may not be able to sell illiquid investments when the Adviser considers it desirable to do so or may have to sell such investments at a price that is lower than the price that could be obtained if the securities were more liquid. In addition, the sale of illiquid investments also may require more time and may result in higher dealer discounts and other selling expenses than does the sale of investments that are not illiquid. Illiquid investments also may be more difficult to value due to the unavailability of reliable market quotations for such securities, and investment in illiquid investments may have an adverse impact on NAV.
Securities Lending
A Fund may lend portfolio securities in an amount up to one-third of its total assets to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In a portfolio securities lending transaction, a Fund receives from the borrower an amount equal to the interest paid or the dividends declared on the loaned securities during the term of the loan as well as the interest on the collateral securities, less any fees (such as finders or administrative fees) the Fund pays in arranging the loan. A Fund may share the interest it receives on the collateral securities with the borrower. The terms of a Fund’s loans permit it to reacquire loaned securities on five business days’ notice or in time to vote on any important matter. Loans are subject to termination at the option of a Fund or borrower at any time, and the borrowed securities must be returned when the loan is terminated. A Fund may pay fees to arrange for securities loans.
The SEC currently requires that the following conditions must be met whenever a Fund’s portfolio securities are loaned: (1) the Fund must receive at least 100% cash collateral from the borrower; (2) the borrower must increase such collateral whenever the market value of the securities rises above the level of such collateral; (3) the Fund must be able to terminate the loan at any time; (4) the Fund must receive reasonable interest on the loan, as well as any dividends, interest or other distributions on the loaned securities, and any increase in market value; (5) the Fund may pay only reasonable custodian fees approved by the Board in connection with the loan; (6) while voting rights on the loaned securities may pass to the borrower, the Board must terminate the loan and regain the right to vote the securities if a material event adversely affecting the investment occurs; and (7) the Fund may not loan its portfolio securities so that the value of the loaned securities is more than one-third of its total asset value, including collateral received from such loans. These conditions may be subject to future modification. Such loans will be terminable at any time upon specified notice. A Fund might experience the risk of loss if the institution with which it has engaged in a portfolio loan transaction breaches its agreement with the Fund. In addition, a Fund will not enter into any portfolio security lending arrangement having a duration of longer than one year. The principal risk of portfolio lending is potential default or insolvency of the borrower. In either of these cases, a Fund could experience delays in recovering securities or collateral or could lose all or part of the value of the loaned securities. As part of participating in a lending program, a Fund may be required to invest in collateralized debt or other securities that bear the risk of loss of principal. In addition, all investments made with the collateral received are subject to the risks associated with such investments. If such investments lose value, a Fund will have to cover the loss when repaying the collateral.
Any loans of portfolio securities are fully collateralized based on values that are marked-to-market daily. Any securities that a Fund may receive as collateral will not become part of the Fund’s investment
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portfolio at the time of the loan and, in the event of a default by the borrower, the Fund will, if permitted by law, dispose of such collateral except for such part thereof that is a security in which the Fund is permitted to invest. During the time securities are on loan, the borrower will pay a Fund any accrued income on those securities, and the Fund may invest the cash collateral and earn income or receive an agreed-upon fee from a borrower that has delivered cash-equivalent collateral.
Liquidation of the Funds
The Board may determine to close and liquidate a Fund at any time, which may have adverse tax consequences to shareholders. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders will receive a liquidating distribution in cash or in-kind equal to their proportionate interest in the Fund. A liquidating distribution would generally be a taxable event to shareholders, resulting in a gain or loss for tax purposes, depending upon a shareholder’s basis in his or her shares of the Fund. A shareholder of the liquidating Fund will not be entitled to any refund or reimbursement of expenses borne, directly or indirectly, by the shareholder (such as sales loads, account fees, or fund expenses), and a shareholder may receive an amount in liquidation less than the shareholder’s original investment.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The investment restrictions applicable to each Fund are set forth below and are either fundamental or non-fundamental. Fundamental restrictions may not be changed without a majority vote of shareholders as required by the 1940 Act. Non-fundamental policies or restrictions may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval.
Fundamental Investment Restrictions
The Trust (on behalf of each Fund) has adopted the following restrictions as fundamental policies, which may not be changed without the affirmative vote of the holders of a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities of the Funds. Under the 1940 Act, the “vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the vote of the holders of the lesser of (i) 67% or more of the shares of a Fund present at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of the Fund’s outstanding shares are present or represented by proxy or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
As a matter of fundamental policy:
1.A Fund may not lend money or other assets except to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.
2.A Fund may not borrow money, except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.
3.A Fund may not issue senior securities except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.
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4.The Kayne Energy Equity ETF will, under normal circumstances, concentrate its investments in the securities of issuers in the energy industry. The Kayne Power Equity ETF, will, under normal circumstances, concentrate its investments in the securities of issuers in the power industry. Each Fund may invest without limitation in: (i) securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities; (ii) tax-exempt obligations of state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions; (iii) securities of other investment companies; and (iv) repurchase agreements.
5.A Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority (although the Fund may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate, such as REITs).
6.A Fund may not buy or sell commodities or commodity (futures) contracts, except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority.
7.A Fund may not engage in the business of underwriting the securities of other issuers except as permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, or interpretations or modifications by the SEC, SEC staff or other authority with appropriate jurisdiction, or (ii) exemptive or other relief or permission from the SEC, SEC staff or other authority, and except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
8.A Fund may not make investments for the purpose of exercising control or acquiring management of a company.
Percentage and Rating Restrictions
Except with respect to borrowing, all percentage or rating restrictions on an investment or use of assets set forth herein or in the Prospectus are adhered to at the time of investment. Later changes in the percentage or rating resulting from any cause other than actions by a Fund will not be considered a violation of the Fund’s investment restrictions. If the value of a Fund’s holdings of illiquid investments at any time exceeds the percentage limitation applicable due to subsequent fluctuations in value or other reasons, the Board will consider what actions are appropriate to maintain adequate liquidity.
Additional Information Regarding Fundamental Investment Restrictions
Certain relevant limitations of the 1940 Act are described below and may assist investors in understanding the above policies and restrictions. These limitations are based either on the 1940 Act itself, the rules or regulations thereunder or applicable orders of the SEC. In addition, interpretations and guidance provided by the SEC staff may be taken into account, where deemed appropriate by a Fund, to determine if a certain practice or the purchase of securities or other instruments is permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder, or applicable orders of the SEC. As a result, the foregoing fundamental investment restrictions may be interpreted differently over time as the statute, rules, regulations, or orders (or, if applicable, interpretations) that relate to the meaning and effect of these
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policies change, and no shareholder vote will be required or sought when such changes permit or require a resulting change in practice.
Lending. The 1940 Act does not prohibit a fund from making loans (including lending its securities); however, SEC staff interpretations currently prohibit funds from lending more than one-third of their total assets (including lending its securities), except through the purchase of debt obligations or the use of repurchase agreements. In addition, collateral arrangements with respect to options, forward currency and futures transactions and other derivative instruments (as applicable), as well as delays in the settlement of securities transactions, will not be considered loans.
For purposes of each Fund’s fundamental investment restriction with respect to lending, the entry into repurchase agreements, lending securities and acquiring of debt securities shall not constitute loans by the Fund.
Senior Securities and Borrowing. The 1940 Act prohibits each Fund from issuing any class of senior securities or selling any senior securities of which it is the issuer, except that a Fund is permitted to borrow from a bank so long as, immediately after such borrowings, there is an asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings of the Fund (not including borrowings for temporary purposes in an amount not exceeding 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets). In the event that such asset coverage falls below this percentage, a Fund is required to reduce the amount of its borrowings within three days (not including Sundays and holidays) so that the asset coverage is restored to at least 300%. Asset coverage means the ratio that the value of a fund’s total assets (including amounts borrowed), minus liabilities other than borrowings, bears to the aggregate amount of all borrowings. Borrowing money to increase portfolio holdings is known as “leveraging.” In addition, Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act permits a fund to enter into derivatives transactions, notwithstanding the prohibitions and restrictions on the issuance of senior securities under the 1940 Act, provided that a Fund complies with the conditions of Rule 18f-4.
Concentration. The SEC staff has defined concentration as investing 25% or more of a fund’s total assets in any particular industry or group of industries, with certain exceptions such as with respect to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies and instrumentalities, or tax-exempt obligations of state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions. The SEC staff has further maintained that a fund should consider the underlying investments, where easily determined, of investment companies in which the fund is invested when determining concentration of the fund. For purposes of each Fund’s concentration policy, the Fund may classify and re-classify companies in a particular industry and define and re-define industries in any reasonable manner, consistent with SEC and SEC staff guidance. In this regard, the Adviser may analyze the characteristics of a particular issuer and instrument and may assign an industry classification consistent with those characteristics. The Adviser may, but need not, consider industry classifications provided by third parties.
Underwriting. The 1940 Act does not prohibit a fund from engaging in the underwriting business or from underwriting the securities of other issuers; in fact, in the case of diversified funds, the 1940 Act permits a fund to have underwriting commitments of up to 25% of its assets under certain circumstances. Those circumstances currently are that the amount of a fund’s underwriting commitments, when added to the value of the fund’s investments in issuers where the fund owns more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of those issuers, cannot exceed the 25% cap.
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Commodities. The 1940 Act neither permits nor prohibits a fund from investing in commodities or commodity (futures) contracts. Each Fund does not currently intend to invest in commodities or commodity (futures) contracts.
Non-Diversification. Under the 1940 Act and the rules, regulations and interpretations thereunder, an investment company is a “diversified company” if, as to 75% of its total assets, it does not purchase securities of any issuer (other than obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government or its agencies, or instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or more than 10% of the issuer’s voting securities would be held by the investment company. For purposes of a Fund’s diversification policy, the identification of the issuer of a security may be determined in any reasonable manner, consistent with SEC guidance. Each Fund is non-diversified, which means that there is no restriction under the 1940 Act on how much the Fund may invest in the securities of one issuer. As a non-diversified investment company, each Fund may be subject to greater risks than diversified companies because of the larger impact of fluctuation in the values of securities of fewer issues.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The frequency of each Fund’s portfolio transactions (the portfolio turnover rate) will vary from year to year depending on many factors. Although the Funds generally will not invest for short-term trading purposes, portfolio securities may be sold without regard to the length of time they have been held when, in the opinion of the Adviser, investment considerations warrant such action. Higher portfolio turnover rates may result in increased brokerage costs to the Funds and a possible increase in short-term capital gains or losses. The Funds’ annual portfolio turnover rates will be included in the “Financial Highlights” section of the Funds’ Prospectus following the commencement of Funds operations.
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS INFORMATION
The Trust’s Board has adopted a policy regarding the disclosure of information about the Funds’ security holdings. Each Fund’s entire portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated each day the Fund is open for business through financial reporting and news services including publicly available internet web sites. In addition, the composition of the in-kind creation basket and the in-kind redemption basket is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the Exchange (as defined below) via the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”).
Greater than daily access to information concerning a Fund’s portfolio holdings will be permitted (i) to certain personnel of service providers to the Funds involved in portfolio management and providing administrative, operational, risk management, or other support to portfolio management, and (ii) to other personnel of the Funds’ service providers who deal directly with, or assist in, functions related to investment management, administration, custody, and fund accounting, as may be necessary to conduct business in the ordinary course, agreements with the Funds, and the terms of the Trust’s current registration statement. From time to time, and in the ordinary course of business, such information may also be disclosed (i) to other entities that provide services to the Funds, including pricing information vendors, and third parties that deliver analytical, statistical or consulting services to the Funds and (ii) generally after it has been disseminated to the NSCC.
Each Fund will disclose its complete portfolio holdings in public filings with the SEC on a quarterly basis, based on the Fund’s fiscal year-end, within 60 days of the end of the quarter, and will provide that information to shareholders, as required by federal securities laws and regulations thereunder.
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No person is authorized to disclose any of a Fund’s portfolio holdings or other investment positions (whether in writing, by fax, by e-mail, orally, or by other means) except in accordance with this policy. The Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer may authorize disclosure of portfolio holdings. The Board reviews the implementation of this policy on a periodic basis.
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in a Fund is contained in the Prospectus. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, the Prospectus.
The shares of each Fund are listed on the Exchange and trade on the Exchange at market prices. These prices may differ from a Fund’s NAV per share. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of shares of a Fund will continue to be met.
The Exchange will consider the suspension of trading in, and will initiate delisting procedures of, the shares of a Fund under any of the following circumstances: (1) if the Exchange becomes aware that the Fund is no longer eligible to operate in reliance on Rule 6c-11 under the 1940 Act; (2) if the Fund no longer complies with the relevant requirements in the Exchange’s rules; (3) if, following the initial twelve-month period beginning upon the commencement of trading of the Fund on the Exchange, there are fewer than 50 record and/or beneficial holders of the shares; or (4) such other event occurs or condition exists that, in the opinion of the Exchange, makes further dealings on the Exchange inadvisable.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share price of a Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of a Fund.
As in the case of other publicly traded securities, brokers’ commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The base and trading currencies of the Funds are the U.S. dollar. The base currency is the currency in which each Fund’s NAV per share is calculated and the trading currency is the currency in which shares of the Fund are listed and traded on the Exchange.
TRUSTEES AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The Board oversees the management and operations of the Trust. The Board, in turn, elects the officers of the Trust, who are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Trust and its separate series. The current Trustees and officers of the Trust, their year of birth, positions with the Trust, terms of office with the Trust and length of time served, principal occupations during the past five years and other directorships are set forth in the table below. Unless noted otherwise, the principal business address of each Trustee is c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services, 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202.
| Name and Year of Birth | Positions with the Trust | Term of Office and Length of Time Served | Principal Occupations During Past Five Years | Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex(2) Overseen by Trustees | Other Directorships Held During Past Five Years | ||||||||||||
Independent Trustees of the Trust(1) | |||||||||||||||||
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| Name and Year of Birth | Positions with the Trust | Term of Office and Length of Time Served | Principal Occupations During Past Five Years | Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex(2) Overseen by Trustees | Other Directorships Held During Past Five Years | ||||||||||||
| Koji Felton (born 1961) | Chair and Trustee | Indefinite Term; Chair since April 2025; Trustee since September 2015. | Retired. | 2 | Independent Trustee, Listed Funds Trust (49 portfolios) (Since 2019). | ||||||||||||
| Debra McGinty-Poteet (born 1956) | Trustee | Indefinite Term; Trustee since September 2015. | Retired. | 2 | Lead Independent Trustee, F/m Funds Trust (4 portfolios) (2015 - 2023). | ||||||||||||
| Daniel B. Willey (born 1955) | Trustee | Indefinite Term; Trustee since September 2015. | Retired. | 2 | None | ||||||||||||
| Officers of the Trust | |||||||||||||||||
| Ryan L. Roell (born 1973) | President and Principal Executive Officer | Indefinite Term; Since July 2019. | Vice President, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (since 2005). | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||||||||||
| Douglas Schafer (born 1970) | Vice President, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer | Indefinite Term; Since November 2023 | Assistant Vice President, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (since 2002). | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||||||||||
| Donna Barrette (born 1966) | Vice President, CCO and Anti-Money Laundering Officer | Indefinite Term; Since November 2019. | Senior Vice President and Compliance Officer, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (since 2004). | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||||||||||
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| Name and Year of Birth | Positions with the Trust | Term of Office and Length of Time Served | Principal Occupations During Past Five Years | Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex(2) Overseen by Trustees | Other Directorships Held During Past Five Years | ||||||||||||
| Adam W. Smith (born 1981) | Secretary | Indefinite Term; Since June 2019. | Vice President, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (since 2012). | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||||||||||
| Leone Logan (born 1986) | Assistant Treasurer | Indefinite Term; Since October 2023 | Officer, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (since 2022); Senior Financial Reporting Analyst, BNY Mellon (2014 - 2022). | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | ||||||||||||
(1)The Trustees of the Trust who are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined under the 1940 Act (“Independent Trustees”).
(2)As of the date of this SAI, the Trust was comprised of [...] portfolios (including the Funds) managed by unaffiliated investment advisers. The term “Fund Complex” applies only to the Funds. The Funds do not hold themselves out as related to any other series within the Trust for investment purposes, nor do they share the same investment adviser with any other series within the Trust.
Additional Information Concerning the Board of Trustees
The Role of the Board
The Board oversees the management and operations of the Trust. Similar to other registered investment companies, the day-to-day management and operation of the Trust is the responsibility of the various service providers to the Trust, such as the Adviser, the Distributor, the Administrator, the Custodian, and the Transfer Agent, each of whom are discussed in greater detail in this SAI. The Board has appointed various senior employees of the Administrator as officers of the Trust, with responsibility to monitor and report to the Board on the Trust’s operations. In conducting this oversight, the Board receives regular reports from these officers and the service providers. For example, the Treasurer provides reports as to financial reporting matters and the President provides reports as to matters relating to the Trust’s operations. In addition, the Adviser provides regular reports on the investment strategy and performance of the Funds. The Board has appointed a chief compliance officer who administers the Trust’s compliance program and regularly reports to the Board as to compliance matters. These reports are provided as part of formal “Board Meetings” which are typically held quarterly, in person, and involve the Board’s review of recent operations. In addition, various members of the Board also meet with management in less formal settings, between formal “Board Meetings,” to discuss various topics. In all cases, however, the role of the Board and of any individual Trustee is one of oversight and not of management of the day-to-day affairs of the Trust and its oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor of the Trust’s investments, operations or activities.
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Board Structure, Leadership
The Board has structured itself in a manner that it believes allows it to perform its oversight function effectively. The Board is comprised of three Independent Trustees - Mr. Koji Felton, Ms. Debra McGinty-Poteet, and Mr. Daniel Willey. Accordingly, all of the members of the Board are Independent Trustees, Trustees that are not affiliated with any adviser or sub-adviser to the funds of the Trust, affiliates of any adviser or sub-adviser to the funds of the Trust, the principal underwriter or its affiliates, or other service providers to the funds of the Trust. Mr. Felton serves as Independent Board Chair. The Board has established two standing committees: a Governance and Nominating Committee and an Audit Committee, which also serves as the Qualified Legal Compliance Committee (“QLCC”), which are discussed in greater detail below under “Trust Committees.” The Governance and Nominating Committee, Audit Committee and QLCC are comprised entirely of Independent Trustees. The Independent Trustees have engaged independent counsel to advise them on matters relating to their responsibilities in connection with the Trust.
The President and Principal Executive Officer of the Trust are not Trustees, but rather are senior employees of the Administrator who routinely interacts with the unaffiliated investment advisers of the Trust and comprehensively manages the operational aspects of the funds in the Trust. The Trust has determined that it is appropriate to separate the Principal Executive Officer and Chair of the Board positions because the day-to day responsibilities of the Principal Executive Officer are not consistent with the oversight role of the Trustees and because of the potential conflict of interest that may arise from the Administrator’s duties with the Trust. The Board reviews its structure and the structure of its committees annually. Given the specific characteristics of the Trust, as described above, the Board has determined that the structure of the Independent Chair, the composition of the Board, and the function and composition of its various committees are appropriate means to address any potential conflicts of interest that may arise.
Board Oversight of Risk Management
As part of its oversight function, the Board receives and reviews various risk management reports and discusses these matters with appropriate management and other personnel. Because risk management is a broad concept comprised of many elements (e.g., investment risk, issuer and counterparty risk, compliance risk, operational risks, business continuity risks, etc.), the oversight of different types of risks is handled in different ways. For example, the Audit Committee meets with the Treasurer and the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm to discuss, among other things, the internal control structure of the Trust’s financial reporting function. The Board meets regularly with the CCO to discuss compliance and operational risks and how they are managed. The Board also receives reports from the Adviser as to investment risks of the Funds. In addition to these reports, from time to time the Board receives reports from the Administrator and the Adviser as to enterprise risk management.
The Board oversees the Funds’ liquidity risk through, among other things, receiving periodic reporting from the CCO. Additionally, as required by Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act, the Trust implemented a liquidity risk management program (the “Liquidity Program”) pursuant to the provisions of Rule 22e-4, as it relates to each Fund. The Board approved the designation of a liquidity risk management program administrator (the “Liquidity Program Administrator”) who is responsible for administering the Liquidity Program. The Board reviews, no less frequently than annually, a written report prepared by the Liquidity Program Administrator that addresses the operation of the Liquidity Program and assesses its adequacy and effectiveness of implementation.
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Information about Each Trustee’s Qualification, Experience, Attributes or Skills
The Board believes that each of the Trustees has the qualifications, experience, attributes and skills (“Trustee Attributes”) appropriate to their continued service as Trustees of the Trust in light of the Trust’s business and structure. The Board annually conducts a “self-assessment” wherein the effectiveness of the Board and individual Trustees is reviewed.
In addition to the information provided in the chart above, below is certain additional information concerning each particular Trustee and his/her Trustee Attributes. The information is not all-inclusive. Many Trustee Attributes involve intangible elements, such as intelligence, integrity, work ethic, the ability to work together, the ability to communicate effectively, the ability to exercise judgment, to ask incisive questions, and commitment to shareholder interests.
Koji Felton. Mr. Felton has served as a Trustee since the Trust’s inception in 2015 and as the Independent Board Chair since 2025. Mr. Felton has substantial experience with the mutual fund industry and familiarity with federal securities laws and regulations. Mr. Felton’s prior experience includes serving as Director and Counsel for KKR Credit Advisors LLC, the asset manager arm of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (2013 – 2015). Prior to that Mr. Felton served as counsel in the Financial Services Group at Dechert LLP from (2011 – 2013), as well as in various capacities, and ultimately as Senior Vice President and Deputy General Counsel for mutual funds, at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (1998 – 2011). Mr. Felton also worked as a staff attorney and served as an Enforcement Branch Chief for the San Francisco District Office of the SEC (1992 – 1998). Mr. Felton began his career as a litigation associate specializing in securities and banking litigation at Shearman & Sterling (1986 – 1992).
Debra McGinty-Poteet. Ms. McGinty-Poteet has served as a Trustee since the Trust’s inception in 2015 and has significant mutual fund industry experience, including her current and prior experience on mutual fund boards. Ms. McGinty-Poteet also served as Lead Independent Trustee and Chair of the Audit Committee for F/m Funds Trust (2015 – 2023). Prior to becoming a Trustee of the Trust, Ms. McGinty-Poteet served as the President, Chair of the Board, and Interested Trustee for Brandes Investment Trust where she also oversaw the proprietary and sub-advisory mutual fund business for Brandes Investment Advisors (1999 – 2012). Ms. McGinty-Poteet previously served as Chief Operating Officer of North American Trust Company (1997 – 1998); Global Managing Director of Mutual Funds at Bank of America (1992 – 1996); and in various capacities, and ultimately as Global Head of Mutual Funds, at Security Pacific Bank (1982 – 1992).
Daniel Willey. Mr. Willey has served as a Trustee since the Trust’s inception in 2015 and has significant work history and experience in the investment management industry. As a chief compliance officer, Mr. Willey has valuable experience in an oversight role and in working with regulatory compliance matters. Mr. Willey served as the Chief Compliance Officer of the United Nations Joint Staff Pension Fund (2009 - 2017). Prior to this role, Mr. Willey served as the Chief Operating and Chief Compliance Officer of Barrett Associates, Inc. (investment adviser and affiliate of Legg Mason) (2007 – 2009); President and Chief Executive Officer of TIMCO, Citigroup Asset Management (2004 – 2006); Head Equity Trader of TIMCO (1994 – 2004); Vice President, Shawmut National Bank (1992 – 1994); Investment Officer, State of Connecticut (1990 – 1992); Vice President, Bank of New England (Connecticut Bank & Trust) (1981 – 1990); Registered Representative, Tucker Anthony and R.L. Day, Inc. (1979 – 1981); and Assistant Analyst, The Travelers Insurance Company (1977 – 1979).
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Trust Committees
The Trust has two standing committees: the Governance and Nominating Committee and the Audit Committee, which also serves as the QLCC.
The Governance and Nominating Committee, comprised of all the Independent Trustees, is responsible for making recommendations to the Board regarding various governance-related aspects of the Board’s responsibilities and seeking and reviewing candidates for consideration as nominees for Trustees and meets only as necessary. The Governance and Nominating Committee will consider nominees nominated by shareholders. Recommendations by shareholders for consideration by the Governance and Nominating Committee should be sent to the President of the Trust in writing together with the appropriate biographical information concerning each such proposed nominee, and such recommendation must comply with the notice provisions set forth in the Trust Bylaws. In general, to comply with such procedures, such nominations, together with all required biographical information, must be delivered to and received by the President of the Trust at the principal executive offices of the Trust no less than 120 days and no more than 150 days prior to the shareholder meeting at which any such nominee would be voted on. The Governance and Nominating Committee has not held any meetings with respect to the Funds as of the date of this SAI.
The Audit Committee is comprised of all of the Independent Trustees. The Audit Committee generally meets on a quarterly basis with respect to the various series of the Trust, and may meet more frequently. The function of the Audit Committee, with respect to each series of the Trust, is to review the scope and results of the audit of such series’ financial statements and any matters bearing on the audit or the financial statements, and to ensure the integrity of the series’ pricing and financial reporting. The Audit Committee has not held any meetings with respect to the Funds as of the date of this SAI.
The function of the QLCC is to receive reports from an attorney retained by the Trust of evidence of a material violation by the Trust or by any officer, director, employee or agent of the Trust.
Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares and Other Interests
No Trustee beneficially owned shares of the Funds as of December 31, 2025, which is prior to the inception date of the Funds. Furthermore, neither the Independent Trustees nor members of their immediate family, own securities beneficially or of record in the Adviser, the Funds’ principal underwriter, or any of their affiliates as of the same date.
Compensation
Independent Trustees each receive an annual retainer of $105,000. Independent Trustees will also be reimbursed for out of pocket expenses in connection with each Board meeting attended. These reimbursements will be allocated among applicable portfolios of the Trust. Trustee compensation disclosed in the table does not include these reimbursements. The Trust has no pension or retirement plan. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement (as defined below), the Adviser has agreed to pay all expenses of the Funds, except those specified in the Prospectus. As a result, Independent Trustees are compensated out of the unified management fee paid to the Adviser by the Funds.
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Because the Funds have not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI, set forth below is the estimated compensation for the following Independent Trustees for the Funds’ fiscal period ending [...], 2026:
| Name of Person/ Position | Estimated Aggregate Compensation From the Kayne Energy Equity ETF(1) | Estimated Aggregate Compensation From the Kayne Power Equity ETF(1) | Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses | Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement | Estimated Total Compensation from Fund and Fund Complex(2) Paid to Trustees | ||||||||||||
Koji Felton, Independent Trustee | [...] | [...] | None | None | [...] | ||||||||||||
| Debra McGinty Poteet, Independent Trustee | [...] | [...] | None | None | [...] | ||||||||||||
Daniel Willey, Independent Trustee | [...] | [...] | None | None | [...] | ||||||||||||
(1)Trustees’ fees and expenses are allocated among the Funds and all other series comprising the Trust.
(2)As of the date of this SAI, the Trust was comprised of [...] portfolios (including the Funds) managed by unaffiliated investment advisers. The term “Fund Complex” applies only to the Funds, and not to other series of the Trust. For the period ended [...], 2026, estimated aggregate Independent Trustees’ fees and expenses amounted to $[...].
Codes of Ethics
The Trust, the Adviser, and the distributor have each adopted a separate code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. These codes of ethics permit, subject to certain conditions, personnel of the Adviser and distributor to invest in securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Board has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the “Trust Proxy Policies”) on behalf of the Trust which delegate the responsibility for voting proxies to the Adviser or its designee, subject to the Board’s continuing oversight. The Trust’s Proxy Policies require that the Adviser or its designee vote proxies received in a manner consistent with the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders. The Trust Proxy Policies also require the Adviser to present to the Board, at least annually, the Adviser’s proxy policies and a record of each proxy voted by the Adviser on behalf of the Funds, including a report on the resolution of all proxies identified by the Adviser as involving a conflict of interest.
The Adviser has adopted proxy policies, which may be amended from time to time. In voting proxies, the Adviser is guided by fiduciary principles. All proxies are to be voted solely in the best interests of the beneficial owners of the securities. A copy of the Adviser’s proxy voting policies and procedures is attached to this SAI as Appendix A.
The Trust is required to file a Form N-PX, with each Fund’s complete proxy voting record for the 12 months ended June 30, no later than August 31 of each year. Form N-PX for the Funds will be available on the Funds’ website at www.kaynefunds.com, without charge, upon request, by calling toll-free 1-800-617-0004 and on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
CONTROL PERSONS, PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS AND MANAGEMENT OWNERSHIP
A principal shareholder is any person who owns of record or is known by the Trust to own beneficially 5% or more of any class of the outstanding shares of any class of a Fund. A control person is any person
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who owns beneficially or through controlled companies more than 25% of the voting securities of a Fund or acknowledges the existence of control.
Because the Funds have not commenced operations prior to the date of this SAI, there are no principal shareholders or control persons of the Funds as of the date of this SAI and the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group did not own more than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Funds.
THE FUNDS’ INVESTMENT ADVISER
Investment Adviser
As stated in the Prospectus, investment advisory services are provided to the Funds by the Adviser pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”).
As compensation, each Fund will pay the Adviser a monthly unified management fee (accrued daily) based upon the average daily net assets of each Fund at the annual rate of [0.85%].
Under the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser has agreed to pay all expenses of each Fund except for the unified management fee payable to the Adviser pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, interest charges on any borrowings, dividends, and other expenses on securities sold short, taxes, brokerage commissions, and other expenses incurred in placing orders for the purchase and sale of securities and other investment instruments, acquired fund fees and expenses, accrued deferred tax liability, extraordinary expenses, and distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.
After an initial two year period, the Advisory Agreement continues in effect from year to year only if such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the Board or by vote of a majority of a Fund’s outstanding voting securities and by a majority of the Independent Trustees, who are not parties to the Advisory Agreement or interested persons of any such party, in each case cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Advisory Agreement. The Advisory Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust on behalf of a Fund on not more than 60 days’, nor less than 30 days’, written notice to the Adviser when authorized either by a majority vote of the Fund’s shareholders or by a vote of a majority of the Trustees, or by the Adviser on not more than 60 days’ written notice to the Trust, and will automatically terminate in the event of its “assignment” (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Advisory Agreement provides that the Adviser shall not be liable under such agreement for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss arising out of any investment or for any act or omission in the execution of portfolio transactions for a Fund, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder.
Because the Funds commenced operations on or about the date of this SAI, the Funds neither paid nor accrued any management fees during the last three fiscal years.
Portfolio Managers
Jim Baker, Harrison Little and Gordon Hamilton are the portfolio managers jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Kayne Energy Equity ETF. Mr. Baker, Mr. Little and Justin Campeau are the portfolio managers jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Kayne Power Equity
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ETF. Information regarding other accounts managed by Messrs. Baker, Little, Hamilton and Campeau as of [...], 2026, is set forth below.
Jim Baker
| Category of Account | Total Number of Accounts Managed | Total Assets in Accounts Managed (in millions) | Number of Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance | Assets in Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance (in millions) | ||||||||||
| Other Registered Investment Companies | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Accounts | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
Harrison Little
| Category of Account | Total Number of Accounts Managed | Total Assets in Accounts Managed (in millions) | Number of Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance | Assets in Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance (in millions) | ||||||||||
| Other Registered Investment Companies | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Accounts | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
Gordon Hamilton
| Category of Account | Total Number of Accounts Managed | Total Assets in Accounts Managed (in millions) | Number of Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance | Assets in Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance (in millions) | ||||||||||
| Other Registered Investment Companies | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Accounts | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
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Justin Campeau
| Category of Account | Total Number of Accounts Managed | Total Assets in Accounts Managed (in millions) | Number of Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance | Assets in Accounts for which Advisory Fee is Based on Performance (in millions) | ||||||||||
| Other Registered Investment Companies | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
| Other Accounts | [...] | $[...] | [...] | $[...] | ||||||||||
Compensation
[The Adviser receives a fee based on the assets under management of the Funds as set forth in the Investment Advisory Agreement. The portfolio managers and the Adviser may share management fees after expenses, including analyst salaries and allocated overhead or may be compensated with a fixed salary and eligible for an annual bonus. Certain of the portfolio managers and the Adviser also share in the management fees generated by separate accounts, privately offered pooled investment vehicles, and registered investment companies under management. In some cases, these accounts may also pay an incentive allocation based on the performance of the applicable portfolio.]
Conflicts of Interest
The Adviser and its affiliates, directors, officers, employees and personnel (collectively, “Kayne Anderson”), including the entities and personnel who may be involved in the management or operations of the Funds are engaged in a variety of businesses and have interests other than that of managing the Funds. The broad range of activities and interests of the Adviser gives rise to actual, potential and perceived conflicts of interest that could affect the Fund and its shareholders.
Kayne Anderson manages or advises other funds in addition to the Funds. Certain accounts have investment objectives similar to those of the Funds and/or engage in transactions in the same types of securities and instruments as the Funds. Such transactions could affect the prices and availability of the securities and instruments in which a fund invests and could have an adverse impact on each Fund’s performance. Other accounts may buy or sell positions while a Fund is undertaking the same or a differing, including potentially opposite, strategy, which could disadvantage the Fund. A position taken by Kayne Anderson on behalf of one or more other accounts, may be contrary to a position taken on behalf of each Fund or may be adverse to a company or issuer in which the Fund has invested.
The results of the investment activities of a Fund may differ significantly from the results achieved for other accounts. Kayne Anderson may give advice, and take action, with respect to any current or future accounts that may compete or conflict with advice Kayne Anderson may give to, or actions Kayne Anderson may take for, a Fund because of differing guidelines, risk profiles, timing issues and other possible considerations. Kayne Anderson will manage the assets of the Fund in accordance with the investment mandate and guidelines of the Fund.
Kayne Anderson’s fee arrangements may create an incentive to favor higher potential fee-paying accounts over a Fund in the allocation of investment opportunities. Similarly, Kayne Anderson may have a significant proprietary investment in a fund or account, and Kayne Anderson may have an incentive to favor such fund or account to the detriment of a Fund. Kayne Anderson’s procedures are designed to
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ensure that all investment decisions are made without consideration of Kayne Anderson’s pecuniary interest but, instead, in accordance with Kayne Anderson’s fiduciary duty to its clients.
From time to time, Kayne Anderson personnel may obtain, either voluntarily or involuntarily, material non-public information (that is not available to other investors) or other confidential information which, if disclosed, would likely affect an investor’s decision to buy, sell or hold a security. Such instances may arise if, for example, a Kayne Anderson employee serves on the board of directors of one of the companies in which Kayne Anderson invests. Accordingly, Kayne Anderson may be prohibited from communicating such information to, or using such information for the benefit of, Kayne Anderson clients, which could limit the ability of Kayne Anderson-managed accounts to buy, sell, or hold investments. Kayne Anderson has adopted an Insider Trading Policy, which establishes procedures reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of material non-public information by Kayne Anderson and its personnel. Kayne Anderson has also adopted an Ethical Wall Policy in order to minimize the likelihood that portfolio management teams will come into possession of material non-public information, thereby minimizing the likelihood that a particular team or portfolio manager will be precluded from taking action on behalf of clients. Nonetheless, the investment flexibility of Kayne Anderson may be constrained as a consequence of policies and related legal requirements.
Ownership of Shares of the Funds
As of the date of this SAI, the Portfolio Managers [do not beneficially own any shares] of the Funds. Shares of the Funds cannot be acquired until the Funds’ launch date. However, it is anticipated that upon launch of the Funds, [...] will beneficially own [...] in Fund shares.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Administrator, Transfer Agent and Fund Accountant
Pursuant to an administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”), U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, doing business as U.S. Bank Global Fund Services (“Fund Services”) and is located at 615 East Michigan Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202, acts as the administrator to the Funds (the “Administrator”). Fund Services provides certain services to the Funds including, among other responsibilities, coordinating the negotiation of contracts and fees with, and the monitoring of performance and billing of, the Funds’ independent contractors and agents; preparation for signature by an officer of the Trust of all documents required to be filed for compliance by the Trust and the Funds with applicable laws and regulations, excluding those of the securities laws of various states; arranging for the computation of performance data, including NAV and yield; responding to shareholder inquiries; and arranging for the maintenance of books and records of the Funds, and providing, at its own expense, office facilities, equipment, and personnel necessary to carry out its duties. In this capacity, Fund Services does not have any responsibility or authority for the management of the Funds, the determination of investment policy, or for any matter pertaining to the distribution of the Funds’ shares.
Pursuant to the Administration Agreement, as compensation for its services, Fund Services receives from the Funds, a fee based on the Funds’ current average daily net assets, subject to a minimum annual fee. Fund Services also is entitled to certain out-of-pocket expenses. Fund Services also acts as fund accountant, transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”) and dividend disbursing agent under separate agreements.
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Custodian
U.S. Bank National Association is the custodian of the assets of the Funds (the “Custodian”) pursuant to a custody agreement between the Custodian and the Trust. For its services, the Custodian receives a monthly fee based on a percentage of the Funds’ assets, in addition to certain transaction based fees, and is reimbursed for out of pocket expenses. The Custodian’s address is 1555 N. Rivercenter Drive, Suite 302, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212. The Custodian does not participate in decisions relating to the purchase and sale of securities by the Funds. Fund Services, the Custodian, and the Funds’ principal underwriter are affiliated entities under the common control of U.S. Bancorp. The Custodian and its affiliates may participate in revenue sharing arrangements with the service providers of mutual funds in which the Funds may invest.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and Legal Counsel
[...], is the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds and performs an annual audit of the Funds’ financial statements.
Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High Street, Suite 1700, Columbus, Ohio 43215, serves as legal counsel to the Trust and to the Independent Trustees.
EXECUTION OF PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Adviser determines which securities are to be purchased and sold by the Funds and which broker-dealers are eligible to execute each Fund’s portfolio transactions. Purchases and sales of securities on an exchange are affected through brokers that charge a commission while purchases and sales of securities in the over-the-counter market will generally be executed directly with the primary “market-maker” unless, in the opinion of the Adviser, a better price and execution can otherwise be obtained by using a broker for the transaction. Purchases and sales of portfolio securities that are fixed income securities (for instance, money market instruments and bonds, notes, and bills) usually are principal transactions. In a principal transaction, the party from whom a Fund purchases or to whom the Fund sells is acting on its own behalf (and not as the agent of some other party, such as its customers). These securities normally are purchased directly from the issuer or from an underwriter or market maker for the securities. The price of securities purchased from underwriters includes a disclosed fixed commission or concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter, and prices of securities purchased from dealers serving as market makers reflects the spread between the bid and asked price. The price of over-the-counter securities usually includes an undisclosed commission or markup.
In selecting brokers or counterparties for the Funds, the Adviser will use its best judgment to choose the brokers most likely to provide “best execution.” Brokers are selected on the basis of an evaluation by the Adviser of the overall value and quality of the brokerage services provided by such firms to clients of the Adviser, including the Funds. Such service and characteristics may include, but are not limited to: commission rates charged by the broker and the ability to minimize overall costs to the Adviser’s clients; possible adverse market impact of the order and/or the Adviser’s opinion of which broker is best able to handle the order to minimize adverse market impact; execution capability and expertise; responsiveness; trading infrastructure; and ability to accommodate any special execution orders or handling requirements. The Adviser’s choice of brokers and best execution is subject to periodic, ongoing review by the Adviser.
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In selecting brokers, the Adviser does not have an obligation to seek the lowest available cost, but rather may consider all relevant factors, including those noted above. As a result, the Adviser may pay transaction costs that would be higher than the Adviser may be able to obtain through another broker.
Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act, as amended, is a “safe harbor” that permits an investment manager to use commissions or “soft dollars” to obtain research and brokerage services that provide lawful and appropriate assistance in the investment decision-making process. The Adviser will limit the use of “soft dollars” to obtain research and brokerage services to services which constitute research and brokerage within the meaning of Section 28(e). Research services within Section 28(e) may include, but are not limited to, research reports (including market research); certain financial newsletters and trade journals; software providing analysis of securities portfolios; corporate governance research and rating services; attendance at certain seminars and conferences; discussions with research analysts; meetings with corporate executives; consultants’ advice on portfolio strategy; data services (including services providing market data, company financial data and economic data); advice from brokers on order execution; and certain proxy services. Brokerage services within Section 28(e) may include, but are not limited to, services related to the execution, clearing and settlement of securities transactions and functions incidental thereto (i.e., connectivity services between an investment manager and a broker-dealer and other relevant parties such as custodians); trading software operated by a broker-dealer to route orders; software that provides trade analytics and trading strategies; software used to transmit orders; clearance and settlement in connection with a trade; electronic communication of allocation instructions; routing settlement instructions; post trade matching of trade information; and services required by the SEC or a self-regulatory organization such as comparison services, electronic confirms, or trade affirmations.
The Funds have not paid brokerage commissions as they have not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI.
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) acts as securities depositary for each Fund’s shares. Shares of the Funds are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except in limited circumstances set forth below, certificates will not be issued for shares.
DTC is a limited-purpose trust company that was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers, and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares of the Funds are limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants, and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares of a Fund (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect
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Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares of a Fund. The Trust recognizes DTC or its nominee as the record owner of all shares of the Funds for all purposes. Beneficial Owners of shares of a Fund are not entitled to have such shares registered in their names, and will not receive or be entitled to physical delivery of share certificates. Each Beneficial Owner must rely on the procedures of DTC and any DTC Participant and/or Indirect Participant through which such Beneficial Owner holds its interests, to exercise any rights of a holder of shares of the Fund.
Conveyance of all notices, statements, and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. DTC will make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee a listing of shares of a Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall obtain from each such DTC Participant the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares of a Fund, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement, or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares of a Fund. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in a Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of shares of a Fund held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in a Fund’s shares, or for maintaining, supervising, or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to the Funds at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Funds and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Funds shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost or, if such replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of shares of each Fund, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Exchange.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES IN CREATION UNITS
Each Fund offers and issues shares only in Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without a sales load (but subject to transaction fees, if applicable), at their NAV per share next determined after receipt of an order, on any Business Day, in proper form pursuant to the terms of the authorized participant agreement (“Participant Agreement”). The NAV of each Fund’s shares is calculated each Business Day as of the scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE, generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time.
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The Funds will not issue fractional Creation Units. A “Business Day” is any day on which the NYSE is open for business.
Deposit Cash Amount. Creation Units are sold at their NAV (the “Cash Purchase Amount”) plus a transaction fee, as described below. Each Fund may also designate an in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”).
Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units. To be eligible to place orders with the Transfer Agent to purchase a Creation Unit of a Fund, an entity must be (i) a “Participating Party” (i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”)), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC; or (ii) a DTC Participant (see “Book Entry Only System”). In addition, each Participating Party or DTC Participant (each, an “Authorized Participant”) must execute a Participant Agreement that has been agreed to by the Distributor, and that has been accepted by the Transfer Agent, with respect to purchases and redemptions of Creation Units. Each Authorized Participant will agree, pursuant to the terms of a Participant Agreement, on behalf of itself or any investor on whose behalf it will act, to certain conditions.
All orders to purchase shares directly from the Funds must be placed for one or more Creation Units and in the manner and by the time set forth in the Participant Agreement. The order cut-off time for the Funds for orders to purchase Creation Units is expected to be 2:00 p.m. Eastern time, which time may be modified by a Fund from time-to-time by amendment to the Participant Agreement. The date on which an order to purchase Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as set forth below) is received and accepted is referred to as the “Order Placement Date.”
An Authorized Participant may require an investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order (e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and that, therefore, orders to purchase shares directly from a Fund in Creation Units have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. In such cases there may be additional charges to such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed a Participant Agreement and only a small number of such Authorized Participants may have international capabilities.
On days when the Exchange closes earlier than normal, each Fund may require orders to create Creation Units to be placed earlier in the day. In addition, if a market or markets on which a Fund’s investments are primarily traded is closed, the Fund will also generally not accept orders on such day(s). Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Transfer Agent pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement. On behalf of the Funds, the Transfer Agent will notify the Custodian of such order. The Custodian will then provide such information to the appropriate local sub-custodian(s). Those placing orders through an Authorized Participant should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the purchase order to the Transfer Agent by the cut-off time on such Business Day. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure may impede the ability to reach the Transfer Agent or an Authorized Participant.
The Cash Purchase Amount transfer must be ordered by the Authorized Participant in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the Cash Purchase Amount to the account of a Fund or its agents by no later than 12:00 p.m. Eastern time (or such other time as specified by the Trust) on the Settlement Date. If a Fund or its agents do not receive all of the Cash Purchase Amount by such time, then the order may be deemed rejected and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting
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therefrom. The “Settlement Date” for the Funds is generally the second Business Day after the Order Placement Date. All questions as to the Cash Purchase Amount and the validity, form, and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities or cash, as applicable, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The Cash Purchase Amount must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than the Settlement Date. If the Cash Purchase Amount as applicable, are not received by the Custodian in a timely manner by the Settlement Date, the creation order may be cancelled. Upon written notice to the Transfer Agent, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the new Cash Purchase Amount to reflect the then current NAV of a Fund.
The order shall be deemed to be received on the Business Day on which the order is placed provided that the order is placed in proper form prior to the applicable cut-off time and the federal funds in the appropriate amount are deposited with the Custodian on the Settlement Date. If the order is not placed in proper form as required, or federal funds in the appropriate amount are not received on the Settlement Date, then the order may be deemed to be rejected and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to a Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. A creation request is considered to be in “proper form” if all procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement and this SAI are properly followed.
Issuance of a Creation Unit. Except as provided in this SAI, Creation Units will not be issued until the payment of the Cash Purchase Amount has been completed. When the sub-custodian has confirmed to the Custodian that the required Cash Purchase Amount has been delivered to the account of the relevant sub-custodian or sub-custodians, the Transfer Agent, and the Adviser shall be notified of such delivery, and the Trust will issue and cause the delivery of the Creation Units. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the second Business Day following the day on which the purchase order is deemed received by the Transfer Agent. The Authorized Participant shall be liable to a Fund for losses, if any, resulting from unsettled orders.
Creation Units may be purchased in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of Cash Purchase Amount as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, plus (ii) an additional amount of cash equal to a percentage of the value as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Additional Cash Deposit”), which shall be maintained in a separate non-interest bearing collateral account. The Authorized Participant must deposit with the Custodian the Additional Cash Deposit, as applicable, by 12:00 p.m. Eastern time (or such other time as specified by the Trust) on the Settlement Date. If a Fund or its agents do not receive the Additional Cash Deposit in the appropriate amount, by such time, then the order may be deemed rejected and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Trust, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to the applicable percentage, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the daily market value of the missing Deposit Securities. The Participant Agreement will permit the Trust to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the value of such Deposit Securities on the day the purchase order was deemed received by the Transfer Agent plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by the
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Custodian or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee, as described below under “Creation Transaction Fee,” may be charged. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
Acceptance of Orders of Creation Units. The Trust reserves the right to reject an order for Creation Units transmitted to it by the Transfer Agent with respect to a Fund including, without limitation, if (a) the order is not in proper form; (b) the Cash Purchase Amount delivered by the Participant is not disseminated to the Custodian as described herein; (c) the investor(s), upon obtaining shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares; (d) the acceptance of the Cash Purchase Amount would, in the opinion of counsel to the Trust, be unlawful; (e) the acceptance or receipt of the order for a Creation Unit would, in the opinion of counsel to the Trust, be unlawful; or (f) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Custodian, the Transfer Agent, and/or the Adviser make it for all practical purposes not feasible to process orders for Creation Units, provided that such action does not result in the suspension of sales of creation units in contravention of Rule 6c-11 and the SEC’s positions thereunder.
Examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy, and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Distributor, the Custodian, a sub-custodian, the Transfer Agent, DTC, NSCC, Federal Reserve System, or any other participant in the creation process, and other extraordinary events. The Transfer Agent shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of the creator of a Creation Unit of its rejection of the order of such person. The Trust, the Transfer Agent, the Custodian, any sub-custodian, and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall either of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Trust, the Transfer Agent, the Custodian, and the Distributor shall not be liable for the rejection of any purchase order for Creation Units.
Creation Transaction Fee. A fixed purchase (i.e., creation) transaction fee, payable to a Fund’s Custodian, may be imposed for the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the purchase of Creation Units (“Creation Order Costs”). The standard fixed creation transaction fee for each Fund is $[...], regardless of the number of Creation Units created in the transaction. The Funds may adjust the standard fixed creation transaction fee from time to time. The fixed creation fee may be waived on certain orders if the Custodian has determined to waive some or all of the Creation Order Costs associated with the order or another party, such as the Adviser, has agreed to pay such fee.
In addition, a variable fee, payable to a Fund, of up to a maximum of 2% of the value of the Creation Units subject to the transaction may be imposed for cash purchases, non-standard orders, or partial cash purchases of Creation Units. The variable charge is primarily designed to cover additional costs (e.g., brokerage, taxes) involved with buying the securities with cash. Each Fund may determine to not charge a variable fee on certain orders when the Adviser has determined that doing so is in the best interests of Fund shareholders, e.g., for creation orders that facilitate the rebalance of the Fund’s portfolio in a more tax efficient manner than could be achieved without such order.
Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services. Investors are responsible for the fixed costs of transferring the securities from the Trust to their account or on their order.
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Risks of Purchasing Creation Units. There are certain legal risks unique to investors purchasing Creation Units directly from the Funds. Because shares may be issued on an ongoing basis, a “distribution” of shares could be occurring at any time. Certain activities that a shareholder performs as a dealer could, depending on the circumstances, result in the shareholder being deemed a participant in the distribution in a manner that could render the shareholder a statutory underwriter and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a shareholder could be deemed a statutory underwriter if it purchases Creation Units from a Fund, breaks them down into the constituent shares, and sells those shares directly to customers, or if a shareholder chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. Whether a person is an underwriter depends upon all of the facts and circumstances pertaining to that person’s activities, and the examples mentioned here should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could cause you to be deemed an underwriter.
Dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as opposed to engaging in ordinary secondary-market transactions), and thus dealing with shares as part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(a)(3)(C) of the Securities Act, will be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act.
Redemption. Shares of the Funds may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form by a Fund through the Transfer Agent and only on a Business Day. EXCEPT UPON LIQUIDATION OF A FUND, THE TRUST WILL NOT REDEEM SHARES IN AMOUNTS LESS THAN CREATION UNITS. Investors must accumulate enough shares of a Fund in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit to have such shares of the Fund redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of shares of a Fund to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
Redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit are paid either in-kind or in cash, or combination thereof, as determined by the Trust. Each Fund generally redeems Creation Units for cash. With respect to in-kind redemptions of a Fund, redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit will consist of securities as announced by the Custodian on the Business Day of the request for redemption received in proper form plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of shares of the Fund being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a request in proper form, and the value of the securities (the “Cash Redemption Amount”), less a fixed redemption transaction fee, as applicable, as set forth below. In the event that the securities have a value greater than the NAV of shares of the Fund, a compensating cash payment equal to the differential is required to be made by or through an Authorized Participant by the redeeming shareholder.
Redemption Transaction Fee. A fixed redemption transaction fee, payable to the Custodian, may be imposed for the transfer and other transaction costs associated with the redemption of Creation Units (“Redemption Order Costs”). The standard fixed redemption transaction fee is $[...] for each Fund, regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed in the transaction. Each Fund may adjust the redemption transaction fee from time to time. The fixed redemption fee may be waived on certain orders if the Custodian has determined to waive some or all of the Redemption Order Costs associated with the order or another party, such as the Adviser, has agreed to pay such fee.
In addition, a variable fee, payable to each Fund, of up to a maximum of 2% of the value of the Creation Units subject to the transaction may be imposed for cash redemptions, non-standard orders, or partial cash
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redemptions (when cash redemptions are available) of Creation Units. The variable charge is primarily designed to cover additional costs (e.g., brokerage, taxes) involved with selling portfolio securities to satisfy a cash redemption. Each Fund may determine to not charge a variable fee on certain orders when the Adviser has determined that doing so is in the best interests of Fund shareholders, e.g., for redemption orders that facilitate the rebalance of the Fund’s portfolio in a more tax efficient manner than could be achieved without such order.
Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services. Investors are responsible for the fixed costs of transferring the securities from the Trust to their account or on their order.
Procedures for Redemption of Creation Units. Orders to redeem Creation Units must be submitted in proper form to the Transfer Agent prior to 2:00 p.m. Eastern time. A redemption request is considered to be in “proper form” if (i) an Authorized Participant has transferred or caused to be transferred to the Trust’s Transfer Agent the Creation Unit(s) being redeemed through the book-entry system of DTC so as to be effective by the time as set forth in the Participant Agreement, and (ii) a request in form satisfactory to the Trust is received by the Transfer Agent from the Authorized Participant on behalf of itself or another redeeming investor within the time periods specified in the Participant Agreement. If the Transfer Agent does not receive the investor’s shares through DTC’s facilities by the times and pursuant to the other terms and conditions set forth in the Participant Agreement, the redemption request shall be rejected.
The Authorized Participant must transmit the request for redemption, in the form required by the Trust, to the Transfer Agent in accordance with procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement. Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement, and that, therefore, requests to redeem Creation Units may have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant who has executed a Participant Agreement. Investors making a redemption request should be aware that such request must be in the form specified by such Authorized Participant. Investors making a request to redeem Creation Units should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the request by an Authorized Participant and transfer of shares of a Fund to the Transfer Agent; such investors should allow for the additional time that may be required to effect redemptions through their banks, brokers, or other financial intermediaries if such intermediaries are not Authorized Participants.
Additional Redemption Procedures. The Funds generally redeem shares in cash, and the redeeming investor will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. The investor will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares based on the NAV of shares next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a redemption transaction fee, if applicable, and additional charge for requested cash redemptions specified above, to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund securities). Each Fund may also provide such redeemer a portfolio of securities that differs from the exact composition of the securities in the Fund but does not differ in NAV.
In connection with taking delivery of securities upon redemption of Creation Units, a redeeming shareholder or Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such shareholder must maintain appropriate custody arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank, or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the securities are customarily traded, to which account such securities will be delivered. Deliveries of redemption proceeds generally will be made within two business days of the trade date.
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Redemptions of shares for securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and each Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant or an investor for which it is acting subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the securities applicable to the redemption of Creation Units may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming investor of shares to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment. Further, an Authorized Participant that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” (“QIB”), as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the Securities Act, will not be able to receive securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A. An Authorized Participant may be required by the Trust to provide a written confirmation with respect to QIB status to receive securities.
Because the portfolio securities of each Fund may trade on other exchanges on days that the Exchange is closed or are otherwise not Business Days for the Fund, shareholders may not be able to redeem their shares, or to purchase or sell shares on the Exchange, on days when the NAV of the Fund could be significantly affected by events in the relevant foreign markets.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to the Funds (1) for any period during which the Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of shares or determination of the NAV of shares is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
DETERMINATION OF SHARE PRICE
The NAV of shares of the Funds will be determined once daily ordinarily as of the scheduled close of public trading on the NYSE (normally, 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on each day that the NYSE is open for trading. It is expected that the NYSE will be closed on Saturdays and Sundays and on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. The Funds do not expect to determine the NAV of shares on any day when the NYSE is not open for trading even if there is sufficient trading in its portfolio securities on such days to materially affect the NAV per share.
In valuing each Fund’s assets for calculating NAV, readily marketable portfolio securities listed on a national securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the Business Day as of which such value is being determined. If there has been no sale on such exchange on such day, the security is valued at the mean between the bid and asked prices on such day. Securities primarily traded in the Nasdaq National Market System (“Nasdaq”) for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the Nasdaq Official Closing Price (“NOCP”). If the NOCP is not available, such securities shall be valued at the last sale price on the day of valuation, or if there has been no sale on such day, at the mean between the bid and asked prices. Readily marketable securities traded only in the over-the market and not on Nasdaq are valued at the most recent trade price. All other assets of the Funds are valued in such manner as the Adviser in good faith deems appropriate to reflect their fair value, subject to Board oversight.
Trading in most foreign securities markets located outside North America is normally completed well before the close of the NYSE. In addition, securities trading on foreign markets may not take place on all days on which the NYSE is open for trading, and may occur in certain foreign markets on days on which a Fund’s NAV is not calculated. Events affecting the values of portfolio securities that occur between the
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time their prices are determined and the close of the NYSE will not be reflected in the calculation of NAV unless the Adviser deems that the particular event would affect NAV, in which case an adjustment will be made in such manner as the Adviser in good faith deems appropriate to determine fair market value. Assets or liabilities expressed in foreign currencies are translated, in determining NAV, into U.S. dollars based on the spot exchange rates, or at such other rates as the Adviser, pursuant to fair value procedures approved by the Board, may determine to be appropriate.
The Adviser has been designated by the Board as the valuation designee for the Funds pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. In its capacity as valuation designee, the Adviser performs the fair value determinations relating to any or all Fund investments, subject to Board oversight. The Adviser has established procedures for its fair valuation of the Funds’ investments. These procedures address, among other things, determining when market quotations are not readily available or reliable and the methodologies to be used for determining the fair value of investments, as well as the use and oversight of third-party pricing services for fair valuation.
Fair value represents a good faith approximation of the value of a security. Fair value determinations involve the consideration of a number of subjective factors, an analysis of applicable facts and circumstances and the exercise of judgment. As a result, it is possible that the fair value for a security determined in good faith in accordance with the Adviser’s fair value procedures may differ from valuations for the same security determined by other funds using their own valuation procedures. Although the Adviser’s fair value procedures are designed to value a security at the price a Fund may reasonably expect to receive upon its sale in an orderly transaction, there can be no assurance that any fair value determination thereunder would, in fact, approximate the amount that the Fund would actually realize upon the sale of the security or the price at which the security would trade if a reliable market price were readily available.
DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAX INFORMATION
Distributions
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Their Taxation.”
General Policies
Each Fund intends to pay dividends from net investment income annually. Distributions of remaining net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Funds may make distributions on a more frequent basis for the Funds to comply with the distribution requirements of the code, in all events in a manner consistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act.
Dividends and other distributions on shares of the Funds are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the Funds.
Each Fund may make additional distributions to the extent necessary (i) to distribute the entire annual taxable income of the Fund, plus any net capital gains, and (ii) to avoid imposition of the excise tax imposed by Section 4982 of the Code. Management of the Trust reserves the right to declare special dividends if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the Fund’s
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eligibility for treatment as a regulated investment company under the Code or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
Dividend Reinvestment Service
No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Financial intermediaries may make the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service available for use by beneficial owners of Fund shares for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their financial intermediary to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Financial intermediaries may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and net realized capital gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of a Fund purchased in the secondary market.
Tax Information
The following summary describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to United States Holders (as defined below) of shares in a Fund. This summary is based upon the Code, Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, administrative pronouncements, and judicial decisions, all as in effect as of the date of this SAI and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. This summary addresses only shares that are held as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code and does not address all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to shareholders in light of their particular circumstances or to certain types of shareholders subject to special treatment under the Code, including, without limitation, certain financial institutions, dealers in securities or commodities, traders in securities who elect to apply a mark-to-market method of accounting, insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations, partnerships or S-corporations (and persons who own their interest in shares through a partnership or S-corporation), expatriates of the United States, persons who are subject to alternative minimum tax, persons that have a “functional currency” other than the United States dollar, persons who hold shares as a position in a “straddle” or as a part of a “hedging,” “conversion,” or “constructive sale” transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or persons who received their shares as compensation. This summary also does not address the state, local, or foreign tax consequences of an investment in a Fund.
For purposes of this discussion, a “United States Holder” means a holder of shares that for U.S. federal income tax purposes is:
•a citizen or resident of the United States;
•a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, any State, or the District of Columbia;
•an estate, the income of which is included in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, regardless of its source; or
•a trust whose administration is subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and which has one or more United States persons who have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions, or which has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.
If a partnership (or other entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of such person and the activities of the
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limited liability company or partnership. A shareholder that is a partnership should consult its own tax advisors regarding the treatment of its partners.
Prospective shareholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors and financial planners regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in a Fund, the application of state, local, or foreign laws, and the effect of any possible changes in applicable tax laws on their investment in the Fund.
Tax Treatment of the Funds
The initial capital raise from investors is expected to be made through in-kind contributions of securities from such investors in exchange for shares. In-kind contributions may qualify for nonrecognition treatment to the contributing parties under Section 351 of the Tax Code, assuming that the requirements of Section 351 are met, which would have corresponding consequences for the tax basis to a Fund in those contributed securities. There can be no assurances regarding the value or tax basis of the contributions in kind, which could result in a negative effect on after-tax returns to investors seeding a Fund and/or other investors in a Fund.
If for any reason, including the failure of the contributing investors to provide a Fund with accurate information, the initial contribution of assets to the Fund in exchange for shares fails to meet the requirements of Section 351, the contribution of assets will be treated as a taxable event and the contributing investors would recognize an immediate gain or loss on the contributed assets. The Funds make no representations as to whether any of such in-kind contributions qualify for Section 351 treatment, or as to any ancillary tax consequences. Additionally, future changes in the Tax Code or regulations and interpretations applicable to Section 351 may impact the ability of contributing investors to take advantage of the deferral of immediate gains or losses on contributed assets. Neither the Funds nor the Adviser gives any assurance to the initial investors as to the tax characterization of their contribution of assets to the Funds in exchange for shares. Investors making in-kind contributions to the Funds are urged to consult their own tax advisors.
Each series of the Trust is treated as a separate entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Each Fund has elected to qualify and intends to continue to qualify annually as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, requiring it to comply with all applicable requirements regarding its income, assets and distributions. Provided that a Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company, it is eligible for a dividends paid deduction, allowing it to offset dividends it pays to shareholders against its taxable income; if a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M, it will be taxed as a regular corporation.
Each Fund’s policy is to distribute to its shareholders all of its taxable income, including any net realized capital gains (taking into account any capital loss carry-forward of the Fund), each year in a manner that complies with the distribution requirements applicable to regulated investment companies under the Code, and results in the Fund not being subject to any U.S. federal income or excise taxes. In particular, in order to avoid the non-deductible 4% excise tax, a Fund must also distribute (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (1) at least 98% of its ordinary income for such year, (2) at least 98.2% of the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses for the 12-month period ending on October 31 during such year, and (3) any amounts from the prior calendar year that were not distributed and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. However, a Fund can give no assurances that its distributions will be sufficient to eliminate all U.S. federal income taxes. A Fund is not required to consider tax consequences in making or disposing of investments.
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In order to qualify as a regulated investment company, a Fund must, among other things, derive at least 90% of its gross income each year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in stock, securities or currencies, and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership. A Fund must also satisfy the following two asset diversification tests. At the end of each quarter of each taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. Government securities, the securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities, with such other securities being limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets may be invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies), the securities of any two or more issuers (other than the securities of other regulated investment companies) that the Fund controls (by owning 20% or more of their outstanding voting stock) and which are determined under Treasury regulations to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships. A Fund must also distribute each taxable year sufficient dividends to its shareholders to claim a dividends paid deduction equal to at least the sum of 90% of the Fund’s investment company taxable income (as adjusted under Section 852(b)(2) of the Code, but not taking into account the Fund’s dividends paid deduction; in the case of the Fund generally consisting of interest and dividend income, less expenses)) and 90% of the Fund’s net tax-exempt interest, if any.
A Fund’s ordinary income generally consists of interest and dividend income, less expenses. Net realized capital gains for a fiscal period are computed by taking into account any capital loss carry-forward of the Fund.
Distributions of net investment income and net short-term capital gains are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. For individual shareholders, a portion of the distributions paid by a Fund may be qualified dividends currently eligible for federal income taxation at long-term capital gain rates to the extent the Fund reports the amount distributed as a qualifying dividend and certain holding period requirements are met. In the case of corporate shareholders, a portion of the distributions may qualify for the inter-corporate dividends-received deduction to the extent the Fund reports the amount distributed as a qualifying dividend and certain holding period requirements are met. The aggregate amount so reported to either individual or corporate shareholders cannot, however, exceed the aggregate amount of qualifying dividends received by the Fund for its taxable year. In view of the Fund’s investment policy, it is expected that dividends from domestic corporations will be part of the Fund’s gross income and that, accordingly, part of the distributions by the Fund may be eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income by individual shareholders, or for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders under federal tax law. However, the portion of the Fund’s gross income attributable to qualifying dividends is largely dependent on the Fund’s investment activities for a particular year and therefore cannot be predicted with any certainty. The qualified dividend treatment may be eliminated if the Fund shares held by an individual investor are held for less than 61 days, and the corporate-dividends received deduction may be eliminated if the Fund shares held by a corporate investor are treated as debt-financed or are held for less than 46 days. Distributions will be taxable to you even if the share price of the Fund has declined.
The sale or exchange of Fund shares is a taxable transaction for federal income tax purposes. You will generally recognize a gain or loss on such transactions equal to the difference, if any, between the amount
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of your net sales proceeds and your adjusted tax basis in the Fund shares. Such gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if you held your Fund shares as capital assets. Any capital gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you held the Fund shares for more than one year at the time of the sale or exchange. Any capital loss arising from the sale or exchange of shares held for six months or less, however, will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of net long-term capital gain distributions with regard to these shares.
Tax Treatment of United States Holders – Taxation of Distributions
Distributions paid out of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits are generally dividends taxable at ordinary income rates to each shareholder. Dividends will be taxable to you even if the share price of the Fund has declined. Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will first be treated as a nontaxable return of capital up to the amount of a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and then as capital gain.
For individual shareholders, a portion of the dividends paid by each Fund may be qualified dividends currently eligible for U.S. federal income taxation at long-term capital gain rates to the extent the Fund reports the amount distributed as a qualifying dividend and certain shareholder level holding period requirements (discussed further below) are met. In the case of corporate shareholders, subject to certain limitations (not all of which are discussed herein), a portion of the distributions may qualify for the inter-corporate dividends-received deduction to the extent the Fund reports the amount distributed as a qualifying dividend and certain shareholder level holding period requirements (discussed further below) are met. The aggregate amount so reported to either individual or corporate shareholders cannot exceed the aggregate amount of qualifying dividends received by the Fund for its taxable year. Although no assurances can be provided, each Fund generally expects that dividends from domestic corporations will be part of the Fund’s gross income and that, accordingly, part of the distributions by the Fund may be eligible for treatment as qualified dividend income by individual shareholders, or for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders. Qualified dividend treatment may be eliminated if the Fund shares held by an individual investor are held for less than 61 days, and the corporate dividends-received deduction may be eliminated if Fund shares held by a corporate investor are treated as debt-financed or are held for less than 46 days.
Distributions properly reported by a Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain (to the extent such distributions do not exceed the Fund’s actual net long-term capital gain for the taxable year), regardless of how long a shareholder has held Fund shares, and do not qualify as dividends for purposes of the dividends received deduction or as qualified dividend income. A Fund will report Capital Gain Dividends, if any, in written statements furnished to its shareholders.
Tax Treatment of United States Holders - Sales and Dispositions of Shares
A sale, redemption, or exchange of shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of shares will generally be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. Any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss, rather than short-term capital loss, to the extent of any amounts treated as distributions to the shareholder of long-term capital gain (including any amounts credited to the shareholder as undistributed capital gains). All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares may be disallowed if substantially identical shares are
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acquired (through the reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly acquired shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
The cost basis of shares acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account. An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time and the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered plus the amount of cash paid for such Creation Units. The ability of Authorized Participants to receive a full or partial cash redemption of Creation Units of a Fund may limit the tax efficiency of the Fund. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot currently be deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for a person who does not mark-to-market its portfolio) or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.
The Trust, on behalf of each Fund, has the right to reject an order for Creation Units if the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the Creation Units so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, the Fund would have a basis in the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require the provision of information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If a Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the Creation Units so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) will not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.
Authorized Participants purchasing or redeeming Creation Units should consult their own tax advisers with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction and whether the wash sales rule applies and when a loss may be deductible.
Taxation of Shareholders – Net Investment Income Tax
U.S. individuals with adjusted gross income (subject to certain adjustments) exceeding certain threshold amounts ($250,000 if married filing jointly or if considered a “surviving spouse” for federal income tax purposes, $125,000 if married filing separately, and $200,000 in other cases) are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which includes taxable interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gain distributions and capital gains realized on the sale of shares). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders that are estates and trusts.
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Tax Treatment of United States Holders - Medicare Tax
A 3.8% Medicare tax is currently imposed on net investment income earned by certain individuals, estates, and trusts. “Net investment income,” for these purposes, means investment income, including ordinary and Capital Gain Dividends and net gains from taxable dispositions of Fund shares, reduced by the deductions properly allocable to such income. In the case of an individual, the tax will be imposed on the lesser of (1) the shareholder’s net investment income, or (2) the amount by which the shareholder’s modified adjusted gross income exceeds $250,000 (if the shareholder is married and filing jointly or a surviving spouse), $125,000 (if the shareholder is married and filing separately), or $200,000 (in any other case). This Medicare tax, if applicable, is reported by you on, and paid with, your U.S. federal income tax return.
Tax Treatment of Non-U.S. Shareholders
The foregoing discussion of U.S. federal income tax law relates solely to the application of that law to U.S. citizens or residents and U.S. domestic corporations, partnerships, trusts, and estates. Each shareholder who is not a U.S. person should consider the U.S. and foreign tax consequences of ownership of shares of the Funds, including the possibility that such a shareholder may be subject to a U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate under an applicable income tax treaty) on amounts constituting ordinary income.
Backup Withholding
Each Fund may be required to withhold 24% of certain payments to a shareholder unless the shareholder has completed and submitted to the Fund a Form W-9 providing the shareholder’s taxpayer identification number and certifying under penalties of perjury: (a)(i) that such number is correct, (ii) that (A) the shareholder is exempt from backup withholding, (B) the shareholder has not been notified by the IRS that the shareholder is subject to backup withholding as a result of an under-reporting of interest or dividends, or (C) the IRS has notified the shareholder that the shareholder is no longer subject to backup withholding, and (iii) the shareholder is a U.S. citizen or other U.S. person (as defined in IRS Form W-9); or (b) an exception applies under applicable law and Treasury regulations. Backup withholding is not an additional tax, and any amounts withheld may be credited against a shareholder’s ultimate U.S. federal income tax liability if proper documentation is provided. The Funds reserve the right to refuse to open an account for any person failing to provide a certified taxpayer identification number.
FATCA and Similar Foreign Rules
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, (“FATCA”) provisions of the Code impose a withholding tax of 30% on certain types of U.S. sourced income (e.g., dividends, interest, and other types of passive income) paid, and will be required to impose a 30% withholding tax on proceeds from the sale or other disposition of property producing U.S. sourced income paid effective January 1, 2019 to (i) foreign financial institutions (“FFIs”), including non-U.S. investment funds, unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders, and (ii) certain nonfinancial foreign entities (“NFFEs”), unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners. FATCA withholding will apply to any shareholder that does not properly certify its status as a U.S. person, or, in the case of a non-U.S. shareholder, the basis for its exemption from FATCA withholding. If each Fund is required to withhold amounts from payments pursuant to FATCA, investors will receive distributions that are reduced by such withholding amounts.
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To implement FATCA, the U.S. government has entered into agreements with non-U.S. governments (and is otherwise bound via automatic exchange of information agreements in treaties) to provide reciprocal exchanges of taxpayer information to non-U.S. governments. Each Fund will be required to perform due diligence reviews to classify non-U.S. entity investors for FATCA purposes. Shareholders agree to provide information necessary to allow the Funds to comply with the FATCA and similar foreign rules.
THE FUNDS’ PRINCIPAL UNDERWRITER AND DISTRIBUTOR
Quasar Distributors, LLC (“Quasar”) the “Distributor, a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (dba ACA Group) and is located at 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, ME 04101. Quasar serves as the Funds’ principal underwriter and distributor in a continuous public offering of the Funds’ shares pursuant to a distribution agreement between the Funds and Quasar (the “Distribution Agreement”). Shares of the Funds are continuously offered for sale by Quasar only in Creation Units. Quasar will not distribute shares of the Funds in amounts less than a Creation Unit. Quasar will deliver prospectuses and, upon request, Statements of Additional Information to persons purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records of orders placed with it. Quasar will also provide certain administrative services pursuant to the Distribution Agreement. Quasar is a registered broker-dealer under the 1934 Act and is a member of FINRA.
The Distributor may also enter into agreements with securities dealers (“Soliciting Dealers”) who will solicit purchases of Creation Units of shares of the Funds. Such Soliciting Dealers may also be Authorized Participants (as discussed in “Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units” above) or DTC participants (as defined above).
The Distribution Agreement, with respect to each Fund, will continue for two years from its effective date and is renewable annually thereafter. The continuance of the Distribution Agreement must be specifically approved at least annually (i) by the vote of the Trustees or by a vote of the shareholders of the Fund, and (ii) by the vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operations of the Distribution Agreement or any related agreement, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. The Distribution Agreement is terminable without penalty by the Trust on 60 days’ written notice when authorized either by majority vote of its outstanding voting shares of the Fund or by a vote of a majority of its Board (including a majority of the Independent Trustees), or by the Distributor on 60 days’ written notice, and will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment. The Distribution Agreement provides that in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence on the part of the Distributor, or reckless disregard by it of its obligations thereunder, the Distributor shall not be liable for any action or failure to act in accordance with its duties thereunder.
Intermediary Compensation. The Adviser or its affiliates, out of their own resources and not out of Fund assets (i.e., without additional cost to the Funds or their shareholders), may pay certain broker dealers, banks, and other financial intermediaries (“Intermediaries”) for certain activities related to the Funds, including participation in activities that are designed to make Intermediaries more knowledgeable about exchange traded products, including the Funds, or for other activities, such as marketing and educational training or support. These arrangements are not financed by the Funds and, thus, do not result in increased Fund expenses. They are not reflected in the fees and expenses listed in the fees and expenses sections of the Funds’ Prospectus and they do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of shares of a Fund or the amount received by a shareholder as proceeds from the redemption of shares. Such compensation may be paid to Intermediaries that provide services to the Funds, including marketing
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and education support (such as through conferences, webinars, and printed communications). The Adviser periodically assess the advisability of continuing to make these payments. Payments to an Intermediary may be significant to the Intermediary, and amounts that Intermediaries pay to your adviser, broker, or other investment professional, if any, may also be significant to such adviser, broker, or investment professional. Because an Intermediary may make decisions about what investment options it will make available or recommend, and what services to provide in connection with various products, based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive, such payments create conflicts of interest between the Intermediary and its clients. For example, these financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend the Funds over other investments. The same conflict of interest exists with respect to your financial adviser, broker, or investment professional if he or she receives similar payments from his or her Intermediary firm.
Intermediary information is current only as of the date of this SAI. Please contact your adviser, broker, or other investment professional for more information regarding any payments his or her Intermediary firm may receive. Any payments made by the Adviser or its affiliates to an Intermediary may create the incentive for an Intermediary to encourage customers to buy shares of the Funds.
Distribution Plan
As noted in the Prospectus, each Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act under which the Fund pays the Distributor an amount which is accrued daily and paid quarterly.
Under the Plan, the Trustees will be furnished quarterly with information detailing the amount of expenses paid under the Plan and the purposes for which payments were made. The Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons. Continuation of the Plan is considered by such Trustees no less frequently than annually. With the exception of the Distributor and the Adviser, in their capacities as the Funds’ principal underwriter and distribution coordinator, respectively, no interested person has or had a direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan or any related agreement.
The Plan provides that each Fund pays the Distributor an annual fee of up to a maximum of 0.25% of the average daily net assets of the shares. Under the Plan, the Distributor may make payments pursuant to written agreements to financial institutions and intermediaries such as banks, savings and loan associations, and insurance companies including, without limit, investment counselors, broker-dealers, and the Distributor’s affiliates and subsidiaries (collectively, “Agents”) as compensation for services and reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with distribution assistance. The Plan is characterized as a compensation plan since the distribution fee will be paid to the Distributor without regard to the distribution expenses incurred by the Distributor or the amount of payments made to other financial institutions and intermediaries. The Trust intends to operate the Plan in accordance with its terms and with the FINRA rules concerning sales charges.
Under the Plan, subject to the limitations of applicable law and regulations, each Fund is authorized to compensate the Distributor up to the maximum amount to finance any activity primarily intended to result in the sale of Creation Units of the Fund or for providing or arranging for others to provide shareholder services and for the maintenance of shareholder accounts. Such activities may include, but are not limited to: (i) delivering copies of the Fund’s then current reports, prospectuses, notices, and similar materials, to prospective purchasers of Creation Units; (ii) marketing and promotional services, including advertising; (iii) paying the costs of and compensating others, including Authorized Participants (as discussed in
59
“Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units” above) with whom the Distributor has entered into written Authorized Participant Agreements, for performing shareholder servicing on behalf of the Fund; (iv) compensating certain Authorized Participants for providing assistance in distributing the Creation Units of the Fund, including the travel and communication expenses and salaries and/or commissions of sales personnel in connection with the distribution of the Creation Units of the Fund; (v) payments to financial institutions and intermediaries such as banks, savings and loan associations, insurance companies and investment counselors, broker-dealers, mutual fund supermarkets, and the affiliates and subsidiaries of the Trust’s service providers as compensation for services or reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with distribution assistance; (vi) facilitating communications with beneficial owners of shares, including the cost of providing (or paying others to provide) services to beneficial owners of shares, including, but not limited to, assistance in answering inquiries related to shareholder accounts; and (vii) such other services and obligations as are set forth in the Distribution Agreement.
While there is no assurance that the expenditures of a Fund’s assets to finance distribution of the Fund will have the anticipated results, the Board believes there is a reasonable likelihood that one or more of such benefits will result, and because the Board is in a position to monitor the distribution expenses, it is able to determine the benefit of such expenditures in deciding whether to continue the Plan.
Prior to the date of this SAI, the Plan had not yet been implemented, and there are no current plans to impose these fees.
Securities Lending
The Trust, on behalf of the Funds, may enter into a securities lending agreement with U.S. Bank (the “Securities Lending Agent”) to provide certain services related to the Funds’ securities lending program. Pursuant to the securities lending agreement, the Securities Lending Agent, on behalf of the Funds, will be authorized to enter into securities loan agreements, negotiate loan fees and rebate payments, collect loan fees, deliver securities, manage and hold collateral, invest cash collateral, receive substitute payments, make interest and dividend payments (in cases where a borrower has provided non-cash collateral), and upon termination of a loan, liquidate collateral investments and return collateral to the borrower.
As of the date of this SAI, the Funds have not engaged in any securities lending activities and have not received any income related to securities lending activities.
As of the date of this SAI, the Securities Lending Agent has not provided any services to the Funds or received any fees or compensation from the Funds related to the securities lending program.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Because the Funds have not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI, there are no financial statements available. Shareholders of the Funds will be informed of the Funds’ progress through periodic reports when those reports become available. Financial statements certified by the independent registered public accounting firm will be submitted to shareholders at least annually.
60
APPENDIX A
Proxy Voting Policy
[...]
A-1
SERIES PORTFOLIOS TRUST (the “Trust”)
PART C
(Kayne Energy Equity ETF )
(Kayne Power Equity ETF)
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits
(a) | (i) | ||||||||||
(ii) | |||||||||||
(b) | |||||||||||
(c) | Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders – incorporated by reference to the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws. | ||||||||||
(d) | (i) | Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust, on behalf of the Kayne Energy Equity ETF, Kayne Power Equity ETF, and Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. – to be filed by amendment. | |||||||||
(e) | (i) | ETF Distribution Agreement between the Trust and Quasar Distributors LLC - to be filed by amendment. | |||||||||
| (ii) | |||||||||||
(f) | Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts – not applicable. | ||||||||||
(g) | (i) | ||||||||||
| (A) | Amendment to Custodian Agreement – to be filed by amendment. | ||||||||||
(h) | (i) | ||||||||||
| (A) | Amendment to Fund Administration Servicing Agreement – to be filed by amendment. | ||||||||||
| (ii) | |||||||||||
| (A) | Amendment to Fund Accounting Servicing Agreement – to be filed by amendment. | ||||||||||
| (iii) | |||||||||||
| (A) | Amendment to Transfer Agent Agreement – to be filed by amendment. | ||||||||||
1
| (iv) | |||||||||||
| (i) | (i) | Opinion and Consent of Counsel – to be filed by amendment. | |||||||||
| (j) | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – not applicable. | ||||||||||
| (k) | Omitted Financial Statements – not applicable. | ||||||||||
| (l) | |||||||||||
| (m) | Rule 12b-1 Plan – to be filed by amendment. | ||||||||||
| (n) | Rule 18f-3 Plan – not applicable. | ||||||||||
| (o) | Reserved | ||||||||||
| (p) | (i) | ||||||||||
| (ii) | Code of Ethics for Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. – to be filed by amendment. | ||||||||||
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant
No person is directly or indirectly controlled by or under common control with the Registrant.
Item 30. Indemnification
Reference is made to Article VII, Section 2 of the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, Article VI of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Bylaws, and Section 8 of the Distribution Agreement. With respect to the Registrant, the general effect of these provisions is to indemnify any person (Trustee, officer, employee or agent, among others) who was or is a party to any proceeding by reason of their actions performed in their official or duly authorized capacity on behalf of the Trust. With respect to the Distributor, the general effect of the relevant provisions is to indemnify those entities for claims arising out of any untrue statement or material fact contained in the Funds’ Registration Statement, reports to shareholders or advertising and sales literature.
Pursuant to Rule 484 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “1933 Act”), the Registrant furnishes the following undertaking: “Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the 1933 Act may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.”
2
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
The response to this Item is incorporated by reference to the Adviser’s Uniform Application for Investment Adviser Registration (“Form ADV”) on file with the SEC. The Adviser’s Form ADV may be obtained, free of charge, at the SEC’s website at www.adviserinfo.sec.gov.
Item 32. Principal Underwriter.
(a) Quasar Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”) serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended:
1.Abacus FCF ETF Trust2
2.Advisor Managed Portfolios
3.Antares Private Credit Fund
4.Capital Advisors Growth Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
5.Chase Growth Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
6.Davidson Multi-Cap Equity Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
7.Edgar Lomax Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
8.Huber Large Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
9.Huber Mid Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
10.Huber Select Large Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
11.Huber Small Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
12.Logan Capital Broad Innovative Growth ETF, Series of Advisors Series Trust
13.Medalist Partners MBS Total Return Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
14.Medalist Partners Short Duration Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
15.O'Shaughnessy Market Leaders Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
16.PIA BBB Bond Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
17.PIA High Yield (MACS) Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
18.PIA High Yield Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
19.PIA MBS Bond Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
20.PIA Short-Term Securities Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
21.Poplar Forest Cornerstone Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
22.Poplar Forest Partners Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
23.Pzena Emerging Markets Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
24.Pzena International Small Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
25.Pzena International Value ETF, Series of Advisors Series Trust
26.Pzena International Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
27.Pzena Mid Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
28.Pzena Small Cap Value Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
29.Pzena U.S. Large Cap Value ETF, Series of Advisors Series Trust
30.Vox Populi ETF, Series of Advisors Series Trust
31.Scharf ETF, Series of Advisors Series Trust
32.Scharf Global Opportunity ETF, Series of Advisors Series Trust
33.Scharf Multi-Asset Opportunity Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
34.Shenkman Capital Floating Rate High Income Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
35.Shenkman Capital Short Duration High Income Fund, Series of Advisors Series Trust
36.The Aegis Funds
37.Allied Asset Advisors Funds
38.Angel Oak Funds Trust
39.Angel Oak Strategic Credit Fund
40.Brookfield Infrastructure Income Fund Inc.
3
41.Brookfield Investment Funds
42.Buffalo Funds
43.RJ Eagle GCM Dividend Select Income ETF, Series of Carillon Series Trust
44.RJ Eagle Municipal Income ETF, Series of Carillon Series Trust
45.RJ Eagle Vertical Income ETF, Series of Carillon Series Trust
46.DoubleLine Funds Trust
47.AAM Brentview Dividend Growth ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
48.AAM Crescent CLO ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
49.AAM Low Duration Preferred and Income Securities ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
50.AAM S&P 500 High Dividend Value ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
51.AAM Sawgrass U.S. Large Cap Quality Growth ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
52.AAM Sawgrass U.S. Small Cap Quality Growth ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
53.AAM SLC Low Duration Income ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
54.AAM Todd International Intrinsic Value ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
55.AAM Transformers ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
56.Acquirers Small and Micro Deep Value ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
57.Aptus April Buffer, Series of ETF Series Solutions
58.Aptus April Deep Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
59.Aptus Collared Investment Opportunity ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
60.Aptus Deferred Income ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
61.Aptus Defined Risk ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
62.Aptus Drawdown Managed Equity ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
63.Aptus Enhanced Yield ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
64.Aptus International Enhanced Yield ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
65.Aptus January Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
66.Aptus January Deep Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
67.Aptus July Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
68.Aptus July Deep Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
69.Aptus Laddered Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
70.Aptus Laddered Deep Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
71.Aptus Large Cap Enhanced Yield ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
72.Aptus Large Cap Upside ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
73.Aptus October Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
74.Aptus October Deep Buffer ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
75.Bahl & Gaynor Dividend ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
76.Bahl & Gaynor Income Growth ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
77.Bahl & Gaynor Small Cap Dividend ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
78.Bahl & Gaynor Small/Mid Cap Income Growth ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
79.BTD Capital Fund, Series of ETF Series Solutions
80.Carbon Strategy ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
81.ClearShares OCIO ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
82.ClearShares Piton Intermediate Fixed Income Fund, Series of ETF Series Solutions
83.ClearShares Ultra-Short Maturity ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
84.Colterpoint Net Lease Real Estate ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
85.ETFB Green SRI REITs ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
86.Hoya Capital High Dividend Yield ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
87.Hoya Capital Housing ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
88.LHA Market State Tactical Beta ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
89.LHA Market State Tactical Q ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
90.LHA Risk-Managed Income ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
91.McElhenny Sheffield Managed Risk ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
92.Opus Small Cap Value ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
4
93.The Acquirers Fund, Series of ETF Series Solutions
94.The Brinsmere Fund - Conservative ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
95.The Brinsmere Fund - Growth ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
96.U.S. Global GO GOLD and Precious Metal Miners ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
97.U.S. Global JETS ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
98.U.S. Global Sea to Sky Cargo ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
99.U.S. Global Technology and Aerospace & Defense ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
100.US Vegan Climate ETF, Series of ETF Series Solutions
101.First American Funds Trust
102.First Eagle ETF Trust
103.FundX Investment Trust
104.The Glenmede Fund, Inc.
105.The GoodHaven Funds Trust
106.Harding, Loevner Funds, Inc.
107.Hennessy Funds Trust
108.Horizon Funds
109.Hotchkis & Wiley Funds
110.Intrepid Capital Management Funds Trust
111.Jacob Funds Inc.
112.The Jensen Quality Growth Fund Inc.
113.Kirr, Marbach Partners Funds, Inc.
114.LibreMax Asset-Backed Income Fund
115.Core Alternative ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
116.Optimized Equity Income ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
117.Wahed Dow Jones Islamic World ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
118.Wahed FTSE USA Shariah ETF, Series of Listed Funds Trust
119.LKCM Funds
120.LoCorr Investment Trust
121.MainGate Trust
122.ATAC Rotation Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
123.Cove Street Capital Small Cap Value Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
124.Kensington Active Advantage Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
125.Kensington Defender Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
126.Kensington Dynamic Allocation Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
127.Kensington Hedged Premium Income ETF, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
128.Kensington Managed Income Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
129.LK Balanced Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
130.Leuthold Core ETF, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
131.Leuthold Core Investment Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
132.Leuthold Global Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
133.Leuthold Grizzly Short Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
134.Leuthold Select Industries ETF, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
135.Muhlenkamp Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
136.Nuance Concentrated Value Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
137.Nuance Mid Cap Value Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
138.Port Street Quality Growth Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
139.Reinhart Genesis PMV Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
140.Reinhart International PMV Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
141.Reinhart Mid Cap PMV Fund, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
142.Tremblant Global ETF, Series of Managed Portfolio Series
143.Greenspring Income Opportunities Fund, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
144.Hood River Emerging Markets Fund, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
5
145.Hood River International Opportunity Fund, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
146.Hood River New Opportunities Fund, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
147.Hood River Small-Cap Growth Fund, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
148.SanJac Alpha Core Plus Bond ETF, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
149.SanJac Alpha Low Duration ETF, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
150.SWP Growth & Income ETF, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
151.Vert Global Sustainable Real Estate ETF, Series of Manager Directed Portfolios
152.Mason Capital Fund Trust
153.Matrix Advisors Funds Trust
154.Monetta Trust
155.Nicholas Equity Income Fund, Inc.
156.Nicholas Fund, Inc.
157.Nicholas II, Inc.
158.Nicholas Limited Edition, Inc.
159.Oaktree Asset-Backed Income Fund Inc.
160.Oaktree Diversified Income Fund Inc.
161.Permanent Portfolio Family of Funds
162.Procure ETF Trust II
163.Professionally Managed Portfolios
164.Provident Mutual Funds, Inc.
165.Abbey Capital Futures Strategy Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
166.Abbey Capital Multi-Asset Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
167.Adara Smaller Companies Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
168.Aquarius International Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
169.Boston Partners All-Cap Value Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
170.Boston Partners Global Equity Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
171.Boston Partners Long/Short Equity Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
172.Boston Partners Long/Short Research Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
173.Boston Partners Small Cap Value Fund II, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
174.Campbell Systematic Macro Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
175.Emerald Growth Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
176.F/m 10-Year Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
177.F/m 2-Year Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
178.F/m 3-Year Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
179.F/m Accumulator Ultrashort U.S. Treasury Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
180.F/m Callable Tax-Free Municipal ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
181.F/m Compoundr High Yield Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
182.F/m Compoundr U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
183.F/m Emerald Life Sciences Innovation ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
184.F/m Emerald Special Situations ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
185.F/m High Yield 100 ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
186.F/m Investments Large Cap Focused Fund Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
187.F/m Opportunistic Income ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
188.F/m Ultrashort Treasury Inflation-Protected Security (TIPS) ETF Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
189.F/m US Treasury 10 Year Note ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
190.F/m US Treasury 12 Month Bill ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
191.F/m US Treasury 2 Year Note ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
192.F/m US Treasury 20 Year Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
193.F/m US Treasury 3 Month Bill ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
194.F/m US Treasury 3 Year Note ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
195.F/m US Treasury 30 Year Bond ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
196.F/m US Treasury 5 Year Note ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
6
197.F/m US Treasury 6 Month Bill ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
198.F/m US Treasury 7 Year Note ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
199.Motley Fool 100 Index ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
200.Motley Fool Capital Efficiency 100 Index ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
201.Motley Fool Global Opportunities ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
202.Motley Fool Innovative Growth Factor ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
203.Motley Fool Mid-Cap Growth ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
204.Motley Fool Momentum Factor ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
205.Motley Fool Next Index ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
206.Motley Fool Small-Cap Growth ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
207.Motley Fool Value Factor ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
208.MUFG Japan Small Cap Active ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
209.Oakhurst Fixed Income Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
210.SGI Dynamic Tactical ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
211.SGI Enhanced Core ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
212.SGI Enhanced Global Income ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
213.SGI Enhanced Market Leaders ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
214.SGI Global Equity Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
215.SGI Peak Growth Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
216.SGI Prudent Growth Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
217.SGI Small Cap Core Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
218.SGI U.S. Large Cap Core ETF, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
219.SGI U.S. Large Cap Equity Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
220.WPG Partners Select Small Cap Value Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
221.WPG Partners Small Cap Value Diversified Fund, Series of The RBB Fund, Inc.
222.The RBB Fund Trust
223.RBC Funds Trust
224.RBC BlueBay Enhanced Income Fund
225.Rockefeller Municipal Opportunities Fund
226.SEG Partners Long/Short Equity Fund
227.Series Portfolios Trust
228.Thompson IM Funds, Inc.
229.Tortoise Capital Series Trust
230.Bright Rock Mid Cap Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
231.Bright Rock Large Cap Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
232.CrossingBridge Low Duration High Income Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
233.CrossingBridge Nordic High Income Bond Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
234.CrossingBridge Responsible Credit Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
235.CrossingBridge Ultra-Short Duration Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
236.RiverPark Strategic Income Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
237.Dearborn Partners Rising Dividend Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
238.Jensen Global Quality Growth Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
239.Jensen Quality MidCap Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
240.Rockefeller Climate Solutions Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
241.Rockefeller US Small Cap Core Fund, Series of Trust for Professional Managers
242.Wall Street EWM Funds Trust
7
(b)The following are the Officers and Manager of the Distributor, the Registrant’s underwriter. The Distributor’s main business address is 190 Middle Street, Suite 301 Portland, Maine 04101:
| Name | Address | Position with Underwriter | Position with Registrant | ||||||||
| Teresa Cowan | 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101 | President/Manager | None | ||||||||
Chris Lanza | 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101 | Vice President | None | ||||||||
| Kate Macchia | 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101 | Vice President | None | ||||||||
| Susan L. LaFond | 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101 | Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer and Treasurer | None | ||||||||
Gabriel E. Edelman | 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101 | Secretary | None | ||||||||
| Weston Sommers | 190 Middle Street, Suite 301, Portland, Maine 04101 | Financial and Operations Principal and Chief Financial Officer | None | ||||||||
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
The books and records required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 are maintained at the following locations:
| Records Relating to: | Are located at: | ||||
| Registrant’s Fund Administrator, Fund Accountant and Transfer Agent | U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC 615 East Michigan Street, 3rd Floor Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 | ||||
| Registrant’s Custodian | U.S. Bank, National Association 1555 N. River Center Drive, Suite 302 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212 | ||||
| Registrant’s Distributor | Quasar Distributors, LLC 190 Middle Street, Suite 301 Portland, Maine 04101 | ||||
| Registrant’s Investment Adviser | Kayne Anderson Capital Advisors, L.P. 717 Texas Avenue, 22nd Floor Houston, TX 77002 | ||||
Item 34. Management Services
Not applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings
Not applicable.
8
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant, Series Portfolios Trust, certifies that it has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 253 to its Registration Statement on Form N-1A to be signed below on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Milwaukee, and State of Wisconsin, on the 21st day of September, 2026.
Series Portfolios Trust
By: /s/ Ryan L. Roell
Ryan L. Roell
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 253 to its Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Signature | Title | Date | ||||||
Daniel B. Willey* | Trustee | September 21, 2026 | ||||||
| Daniel B. Willey | ||||||||
Debra McGinty-Poteet* | Trustee | September 21, 2026 | ||||||
| Debra McGinty-Poteet | ||||||||
Koji Felton* | Chair and Trustee | September 21, 2026 | ||||||
| Koji Felton | ||||||||
| /s/ Ryan L. Roell | President and Principal | September 21, 2026 | ||||||
| Ryan L. Roell | Executive Officer | |||||||
Douglas Schafer* | Treasurer, Principal Financial | September 21, 2026 | ||||||
| Douglas Schafer | Officer and Principal Accounting | |||||||
| Officer | ||||||||
*By: Ryan L. Roell | September 21, 2026 | |||||||
| Ryan L. Roell Attorney-In Fact pursuant to Power of Attorney | ||||||||
9
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