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Japan's factory growth slows as cost pressures surge, PMI shows

May 31, 2026 8:32 PM EDT

FILE PHOTO: Workers walk between precision-machining machines for automotive parts inside a factory at Kyowa Industrial Co. in Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture, Japan April 11, 2025. REUTERS/Issei Kato/File Photo

TOKYO, June 1 (Reuters) - Japan's ‌manufacturing sector expanded ​in ​May at a slightly slower pace, as record export order growth was offset by surging costs driven by the Middle ‌East war and inflated output from stockpiling, a private survey ⁠showed on Monday.

• The final S&P Global Japan Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) stood at ‌54.5 in May, down ‌from April's more than four-year high of 55.1 and matched the flash reading. A PMI above 50.0 indicates expansion, while below that level ​signals contraction.

• Among PMI sub-indexes, factory output rose for the fifth consecutive month, though the rate of expansion slowed from April. Some ⁠respondents attributed the production gains not just to increased sales but also to efforts to expand ​inventory levels.

• "The current period of expansion is being partly driven by stock building among manufacturers and their clients, as ​companies looked to safeguard against product ‌shortages and mitigate price risks driven by the war in the Middle East," said Annabel Fiddes, Economics Associate Director ⁠at S&P Global Market Intelligence.

• New orders also expanded at a slower rate, but new export business increased at the fastest pace since May 2021, as ⁠global demand improved particularly across the U.S. and other parts of Asia.

• Input costs ​surged at the quickest pace since September 2022, driven by higher prices for raw materials amid the Iran war. Selling prices also marked the highest since October ‌2022.

• Business confidence for the year ahead improved from April, when it marked the lowest since the tariff-hit ‌in April 2025. "Although manufacturers generally anticipate reaping further gains from strong growth ⁠in areas such as AI ‌and electronics, surging costs ​and subdued global economic conditions could act as headwinds in the months ahead," Fiddes said.

(Reporting by Kantaro Komiya;Editing by ‌Shri Navaratnam)



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