Form 8-K COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY For: May 05
Exhibit 99.1
COGNIZANT REPORTS FIRST QUARTER 2021 RESULTS
•Revenue of $4.4 billion grew 4.2% year-over-year (2.4% in constant currency1)
•~$700 million deployed on acquisitions, share repurchases and dividends in Q1 2021
•Digital revenue up ~15% year-over-year; now 44% of revenue, up from 39% in prior year period
•2021 revenue growth guidance increased to 7.0-9.0%, or 5.6-7.6% in constant currency
TEANECK, N.J., May 5, 2021 - Cognizant (Nasdaq: CTSH), one of the world’s leading professional services companies, today announced its first quarter 2021 financial results.
“In the first quarter, we successfully executed our strategy of embracing digital, investing in international expansion and repositioning the Cognizant brand. Cloud migration and digital adoption create a significant opportunity for Cognizant in the coming years,” said Brian Humphries, Chief Executive Officer. “The ongoing humanitarian crisis, especially in India, is deeply concerning. We have made a series of investments to support India in this time of need and continue to prioritize the health and safety of our associates while we serve our clients.”
| Q1 2021 | Q1 2020 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue (in billions) | $4.4 | $4.2 | ||||||||||||
| GAAP operating margin | 15.2 | % | 13.7 | % | ||||||||||
Adjusted Operating Margin1 | 15.2 | % | 15.1 | % | ||||||||||
| GAAP diluted EPS | $0.95 | $0.67 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted Diluted EPS1 | $0.97 | $0.96 | ||||||||||||
First Quarter 2021 Performance by Business Segment
Financial Services (33.1% of revenues) revenue grew 0.5% year-over-year, and decreased 1.7% in constant currency, as revenue growth generated by our digital services in both banking and insurance was offset by declining non-digital revenue as our clients continue to optimize the cost of supporting their legacy systems and operations.
Healthcare (29.3% of revenues) revenue grew 7.9% year-over-year, or 7.0% in constant currency. Our healthcare revenue benefited from increased demand for our integrated payer software solutions and continued strong demand among our life sciences clients.
Products and Resources (22.7% of revenues) revenue grew 4.6% year-over-year, or 2.4% in constant currency. Revenue among manufacturing, logistics, energy and utilities clients grew double-digits for the fourth consecutive quarter while retail, consumer goods, travel and hospitality clients continued to be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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1 Constant currency ("CC") revenue growth, Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share ("Adjusted Diluted EPS") are not measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” for more information and, where applicable, reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures at the end of this release.
Communications, Media and Technology (14.9% of revenues) revenue grew 5.0% year-over-year, or 3.1% in constant currency, including a significant benefit from recent acquisitions. Double-digit year-over-year revenue growth among our technology clients was offset by the impact from our exit of certain content-related services, which negatively impacted year-over-year segment growth by 600 basis points. Additionally, clients exposed to studios and theme parks continued to be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Return of Capital to Shareholders
During the first quarter, the Company repurchased 3.1 million shares for $234 million at an average price of $75.80 under its share repurchase program. As of March 31, 2021, there was $2.6 billion remaining under the current share repurchase authorization. In May 2021, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.24 per share for shareholders of record on May 20, 2021. This dividend will be payable on May 28, 2021.
“Our first-quarter performance reflects solid revenue growth in our digital services and consistent execution of our strategy,” said Jan Siegmund, Chief Financial Officer, “To support our commercial momentum, we are increasing our investments in recruiting and talent.”
Second Quarter and Full Year 2021 Outlook
The Company provided the following guidance:
•Second quarter revenue is expected to be $4.42-$4.46 billion, or growth of 10.5-11.5% (8.0-9.0% in CC). This assumes an estimated positive 250 basis points foreign exchange impact.
•Full year 2021 revenue is expected to be $17.8-$18.1 billion, or growth of 7.0-9.0% (5.5-7.5% in CC). This assumes an estimated positive 150 basis points foreign exchange impact.
•Full year 2021 Adjusted Operating Margin2 is expected to be in the range of 15.2-15.7%
•Full year 2021 Adjusted Diluted EPS2 is expected to be in the range of $3.90-$4.02
Conference Call
Cognizant will host a conference call on May 5, 2021, at 5:00 p.m. (Eastern) to discuss the Company’s first quarter 2021 results. To listen to the conference call, please dial (877) 810-9510 (domestic) or +1 (201) 493-6778 (international) and provide the following conference passcode: “Cognizant Call.”
The conference call will also be available live on the Investor Relations section of the Cognizant website at http://investors.cognizant.com. An earnings supplement will also be available on the Cognizant website at the time of the conference call.
For those who cannot access the live broadcast, a replay will be available. To listen to the replay, please dial (877) 660-6853 (domestically) or +1 (201) 612-7415 (internationally) and enter 13718361 from two hours after the end of the call until 11:59 p.m. (Eastern) on Wednesday, May 5, 2021. The replay will also be available at Cognizant’s website www.cognizant.com for 60 days following the call.
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2A full reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Margin and Adjusted Diluted EPS guidance to the corresponding GAAP measure on a forward-looking basis cannot be provided without unreasonable efforts, as we are unable to provide reconciling information with respect to unusual items. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” for more information and a partial reconciliation at the end of this release.
About Cognizant
Cognizant (Nasdaq-100: CTSH) is one of the world’s leading professional services companies, transforming clients’ business, operating and technology models for the digital era. Our unique industry-based, consultative approach helps clients envision, build and run more innovative and efficient businesses. Headquartered in the U.S., Cognizant is ranked 194 on the Fortune 500 and is consistently listed among the most admired companies in the world. Learn how Cognizant helps clients lead with digital at www.cognizant.com or follow us @Cognizant.
Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes statements that may constitute forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the accuracy of which are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. These statements include, but are not limited to, express or implied forward-looking statements relating to our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business,
opportunities in the marketplace, our cost structure, investment in and growth of our business, the effectiveness of our recruiting and talent efforts, the impact of the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan, the likelihood and potential terms of any settlement of and exit from our referenced large customer engagement in the financial services segment, our and our clients’ shift to digital solutions and services and our anticipated financial performance. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees, but are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in these forward-looking statements. Existing and prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied include general economic conditions, legal, reputational and financial risks resulting from cyberattacks, the impact of and effectiveness of business continuity plans during the COVID-19 pandemic, the competitive marketplace for talent, changes in the regulatory environment, including with respect to immigration and taxes, and the other factors discussed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Cognizant undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities law.
About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics
To supplement our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP, this press release includes references to the following measures defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission as non-GAAP financial measures: Adjusted Income From Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS, free cash flow, net cash and constant currency revenue growth. These non-GAAP financial measures are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures should be read in conjunction with our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. The reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures to the corresponding GAAP measures should be carefully evaluated.
Our non-GAAP financial measures, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Income From Operations and Adjusted Diluted EPS exclude unusual items. Additionally, Adjusted Diluted EPS excludes net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses and the tax impact of all the applicable adjustments. The income tax impact of each item is calculated by applying the statutory rate and local tax regulations in the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred. Free cash flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities net of purchases of property and equipment. Net cash is defined as cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments less short-term and long-term debt. Constant currency revenue growth is defined as revenues for a given period restated at the comparative period’s foreign currency exchange rates measured against the comparative period's reported revenues.
Management believes providing investors with an operating view consistent with how we manage the Company provides enhanced transparency into our operating results. For our internal management reporting and budgeting purposes, we use various GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making, to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, to determine portions of the compensation for our executive officers and for making comparisons of our operating results to those of our competitors. Therefore, it is our belief that the use of non-GAAP financial measures excluding certain costs provides a meaningful supplemental measure for investors to evaluate our financial performance. Accordingly, we believe that the presentation of our non-GAAP measures, when read in conjunction with our reported GAAP results, can provide useful supplemental information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations.
A limitation of using non-GAAP financial measures versus financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP is that non-GAAP financial measures do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our operating results as determined in accordance with GAAP and may exclude costs that are recurring such as our net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses. In addition, other companies may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than us, thereby limiting the usefulness of these non-GAAP financial measures as a comparative tool. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures to allow investors to evaluate such non-GAAP financial measures.
Bookings are defined as total contract value (or TCV) of new contracts, including new contract sales as well as renewals and expansions of existing contracts. Bookings can vary significantly quarter to quarter depending in part on the timing of the signing of a small number of large contracts. Our book-to-bill ratio is defined as bookings for the trailing twelve months divided by revenue for the same period. Measuring bookings involves the use of estimates and judgments and there are no independent standards or requirements governing the calculation of bookings. The extent and timing of conversion of bookings to revenues may be impacted by, among other factors, the types of services and solutions sold, contract duration, the pace of client spending, actual volumes of services delivered as compared to the volumes anticipated at the time of sale, and contract modifications, including terminations, over the lifetime of a contract. The majority of our contracts are terminable by the client on short notice often without penalty, and some without notice. We do not update our bookings for material subsequent terminations or reductions related to bookings originally recorded in prior year periods or foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Information regarding our bookings is not comparable to, nor should it be substituted for, an analysis of our reported revenues. However, management believes that it is a key indicator of potential future revenues and provides a useful indicator of the volume of our business over time.
We disclose digital revenue as management believes it provides additional insights into the Company’s business. Measuring digital revenue requires the use of estimates and judgement, there are no independent standards or requirements governing the calculation and our calculation may differ from the calculations underlying similar such metrics disclosed by other companies.
| Investor Relations Contact: | Media Contact: | |||||||||||||
| Tyler Scott | Jeff DeMarrais | |||||||||||||
| Senior Director, Investor Relations | VP, Corporate Communications | |||||||||||||
| 551-220-8246 | 475-223-2298 | |||||||||||||
| Tyler.Scott@cognizant.com | Jeff.DeMarrais@cognizant.com | |||||||||||||
- tables to follow -
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
| (in millions, except per share data) | Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 4,401 | $ | 4,225 | |||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||
| Cost of revenues (exclusive of depreciation and amortization expense shown separately below) | 2,764 | 2,747 | |||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 827 | 711 | |||||||||
| Restructuring charges | — | 55 | |||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expense | 141 | 133 | |||||||||
| Income from operations | 669 | 579 | |||||||||
| Other income (expense), net: | |||||||||||
| Interest income | 9 | 41 | |||||||||
| Interest expense | (2) | (6) | |||||||||
| Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net | (9) | (102) | |||||||||
| Other, net | (2) | (2) | |||||||||
| Total other income (expense), net | (4) | (69) | |||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | 665 | 510 | |||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | (160) | (142) | |||||||||
| Income (loss) from equity method investment | — | (1) | |||||||||
| Net income | $ | 505 | $ | 367 | |||||||
| Basic earnings per share | $ | 0.95 | $ | 0.67 | |||||||
| Diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.95 | $ | 0.67 | |||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Basic | 530 | 546 | |||||||||
Dilutive effect of shares issuable under stock-based compensation plans | 1 | — | |||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - Diluted | 531 | 546 | |||||||||
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(Unaudited)
(in millions, except par values) | March 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | |||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,973 | $ | 2,680 | |||||||
| Short-term investments | 185 | 44 | |||||||||
| Trade accounts receivable, net | 3,232 | 3,087 | |||||||||
| Other current assets | 1,205 | 1,040 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | 6,595 | 6,851 | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 1,250 | 1,251 | |||||||||
| Operating lease assets, net | 980 | 1,013 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 5,219 | 5,031 | |||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | 1,110 | 1,046 | |||||||||
| Deferred income tax assets, net | 307 | 445 | |||||||||
| Long-term investments | 439 | 440 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent assets | 760 | 846 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 16,660 | $ | 16,923 | |||||||
| Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 349 | $ | 389 | |||||||
| Deferred revenue | 403 | 383 | |||||||||
| Short-term debt | 38 | 38 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 202 | 211 | |||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 2,158 | 2,519 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 3,150 | 3,540 | |||||||||
| Deferred revenue, noncurrent | 32 | 36 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent | 821 | 846 | |||||||||
| Deferred income tax liabilities, net | 204 | 206 | |||||||||
| Long-term debt | 654 | 663 | |||||||||
| Long-term income taxes payable | 428 | 428 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 334 | 368 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities | 5,623 | 6,087 | |||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.10 par value, 15 shares authorized, none issued | — | — | |||||||||
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 528 and 530 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively | 5 | 5 | |||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 44 | 32 | |||||||||
| Retained earnings | 10,907 | 10,689 | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 81 | 110 | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 11,037 | 10,836 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 16,660 | $ | 16,923 | |||||||
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(Unaudited)
| (dollars in millions, except per share amounts) | Three Months Ended March 31, | Guidance | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | Full Year 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| GAAP income from operations | $ | 669 | $ | 579 | |||||||||||||
Realignment charges(a) | — | 20 | |||||||||||||||
2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges(b) | — | 35 | |||||||||||||||
COVID-19 charges(c) | — | 6 | |||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Income From Operations | $ | 669 | $ | 640 | |||||||||||||
| GAAP operating margin | 15.2 | % | 13.7 | % | |||||||||||||
| Realignment charges | — | 0.5 | — | ||||||||||||||
2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges | — | 0.8 | — | ||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 charges | — | 0.1 | — | ||||||||||||||
Adjusted Operating Margin | 15.2 | % | 15.1 | % | 15.2% - 15.7% | ||||||||||||
| GAAP diluted earnings per share | $ | 0.95 | $ | 0.67 | |||||||||||||
| Effect of above adjustments to income from operations, pre-tax | — | 0.11 | — | ||||||||||||||
Non-operating foreign currency exchange (gains) losses, pre-tax(d) | 0.02 | 0.19 | (d) | ||||||||||||||
Tax effect of above adjustments(e) | — | (0.01) | (d) | ||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | 0.97 | $ | 0.96 | $3.90 - $4.02 | ||||||||||||
Notes:
(a)As part of the realignment program, during the three months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred certain retention costs and professional fees. The total costs related to the realignment plan are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations.
(b)As part of our 2020 Fit for Growth plan, during the three months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred certain employee separation, employee retention, facility exit costs and other charges. The total costs related to the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations.
(c)During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we incurred costs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including a one-time bonus to our employees at the designation of associate and below in both India and the Philippines, certain costs to enable our employees to work remotely and costs to provide medical staff and extra cleaning services for our facilities. Substantially all of the costs related to the pandemic are reported in "Cost of revenues" in our unaudited consolidated statement of operations.
(d)Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses on related foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations. Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses are subject to high variability and low visibility and therefore cannot be provided on a forward-looking basis without unreasonable efforts.
(e)Presented below are the tax impacts of each of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income for the three months ended March 31:
| (in millions) | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||
| Non-GAAP income tax benefit (expense) related to: | |||||||||||
| Realignment charges | $ | — | $ | 5 | |||||||
| 2020 Fit For Growth Plan restructuring charges | — | 9 | |||||||||
| COVID-19 charges | — | 2 | |||||||||
Foreign currency exchange gains and losses | — | (10) | |||||||||
Reconciliations of net cash
(in millions) | March 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,973 | $ | 2,680 | ||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 185 | 44 | ||||||||||||
| Less: | ||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 38 | 38 | ||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 654 | 663 | ||||||||||||
| Net cash | $ | 1,466 | $ | 2,023 | ||||||||||
The above tables serve to reconcile the Non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures. Refer to the “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section of our press release for further information on the use of these Non-GAAP measures.
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
Revenue by Business Segment and Geography
(Unaudited)
| (dollars in millions) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Year over Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | % of total | % Change | Constant Currency % Change (a) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues by Segment: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Services | $ | 1,458 | 33.1 | % | 0.5 | % | (1.7) | % | |||||||||||||||
| Healthcare | 1,288 | 29.3 | % | 7.9 | % | 7.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Products and Resources | 998 | 22.7 | % | 4.6 | % | 2.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Communications, Media and Technology | 657 | 14.9 | % | 5.0 | % | 3.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenues | $ | 4,401 | 4.2 | % | 2.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenues by Geography: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| North America | $ | 3,283 | 74.6 | % | 2.9 | % | 2.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | 370 | 8.4 | % | 9.8 | % | 2.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Continental Europe | 456 | 10.4 | % | 4.3 | % | (3.7) | % | ||||||||||||||||
Europe - Total | 826 | 18.8 | % | 6.7 | % | (0.9) | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Rest of World | 292 | 6.6 | % | 11.9 | % | 8.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenues | $ | 4,401 | 4.2 | % | 2.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Notes:
(a)Constant currency revenue growth is not a measure of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Performance Metrics” for more information.
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(in millions) | Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 505 | $ | 367 | |||||||
| Adjustments for non-cash income and expenses | 325 | 316 | |||||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities | (649) | (186) | |||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 181 | 497 | |||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | (88) | (112) | |||||||||
| Net (purchases) of investments | (140) | (74) | |||||||||
Payments for business combinations, net of cash acquired | (310) | (86) | |||||||||
| Net cash (used in) investing activities | (538) | (272) | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | (240) | (511) | |||||||||
| Repayment of term loan borrowings and finance lease and earnout obligations | (15) | (13) | |||||||||
| Proceeds from borrowings under the revolving credit facility | — | 1,740 | |||||||||
| Dividends paid | (128) | (121) | |||||||||
| Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans | 43 | 40 | |||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (340) | 1,135 | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (10) | (119) | |||||||||
| (Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (707) | 1,241 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 2,680 | 2,645 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 1,973 | $ | 3,886 | |||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
| (in millions) | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||
| Stock Repurchases under Board of Directors' authorized stock repurchase program: | March 31, 2021 | March 31, 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Number of shares repurchased | 3.1 | 8.5 | ||||||||||||
| Remaining authorized balance as of March 31, 2021 | $ | 2,581 | ||||||||||||
Reconciliation of Free Cash Flow Non-GAAP Financial Measure
(in millions) | Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 181 | $ | 497 | |||||||
Purchases of property and equipment | (88) | (112) | |||||||||
| Free cash flow | $ | 93 | $ | 385 | |||||||
Q1 2021 In the first quarter, we successfully executed our strategy of embracing digital, investing in international expansion and repositioning the Cognizant brand. Cloud migration and digital adoption create a significant opportunity for Cognizant in the coming years. The ongoing humanitarian crisis, especially in India, is deeply concerning. We have made a series of investments to support India in this time of need and continue to prioritize the health and safety of our associates while we serve our clients. Brian Humphries | Chief Executive Officer ” Revenue $4.4 billion Reported YoY 4.2% Constant Currency YoY 2.4% Digital revenue up ~15% year- over-year and now represent 44% of revenue, up from 39% in prior year period GAAP and Adjusted Operating Margin | 15.2% GAAP Diluted EPS | $0.95 Adjusted Diluted EPS | $0.97 $3.3 $0.8 $0.3 Rest of World 11.9% Revenue by Geography ($ IN BILLIONS) Reported YoY | Constant Currency YoY Cash Flow Cash Flow From Operations $181M Free Cash Flow $93M Capital Return Q1 2021 Dividend $128M Q1 2021 Share Repurchases $234M $0.24/share Revenue by Segment ($ IN BILLIONS) Reported YoY | Constant Currency YoY Europe North America 8.9% $1.4 $1.3 $1.0 $0.7 Products & Resources Healthcare Financial Services CMT 6.7% (0.9%) 2.9% 2.7% 5.0% 3.1% 4.6% 2.4% 0.5% (1.7%) 7.9% 7.0% Total Employees 296,500 Total Attrition 21% Voluntary Attrition 18% Acquisitions Announced in Q1 2021 COMPANY HEADQUARTERS DIGITAL BATTLEGROUND North America Cloud ” Software Engineering For full financial data and non-GAAP financial reconciliations refer to Cognizant's 2021 first quarter earnings release issued on May 5, 2021, which accompanies this presentation, and is available at investors.cognizant.com. Exhibit 99.2 Australia AI & Analytics North America IoT Germany
First Quarter 2021 Financial Results and Highlights May 5, 2021 Exhibit 99.3
Forward-Looking Statements This earnings supplement includes statements that may constitute forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the accuracy of which are necessarily subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions as to future events that may not prove to be accurate. These statements include, but are not limited to, express or implied forward-looking statements relating to our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, opportunities in the marketplace, our cost structure, investment in and growth of our business, the effectiveness of our recruiting and talent efforts, the impact of the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan, the likelihood and potential terms of any settlement of and exit from our referenced large customer engagement in the financial services segment, our and our clients’ shift to digital solutions and services and our anticipated financial performance. These statements are neither promises nor guarantees, but are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in these forward-looking statements. Existing and prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied include general economic conditions, legal, reputational and financial risks resulting from cyberattacks, the effectiveness of business continuity plans during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the competitive marketplace for talent, changes in the regulatory environment, including with respect to immigration and taxes, and the other factors discussed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Cognizant undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities law. 2
Results Summary: Q1 2021 1 See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures” at the end of this earnings supplement for more information and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, as applicable. REVENUE Up 4.2% Y/Y as reported and 2.4% Y/Y constant currency1 OPERATING MARGIN CASH FLOW 3 $4,225 $4,401 Q1 2020 Q1 2021 DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE 13.7% 15.2% Q1 2020 Q1 2021 15.1% 15.2% Q1 2020 Q1 2021 $497 $181 Q1 2020 Q1 2021 $385 $93 Q1 2020 Q1 2021 $0.67 $0.95 Q1 2020 Q1 2021 $0.96 $0.97 Q1 2020 Q1 2021 GAAP Operating Margin Adjusted Operating Margin1 GAAP Diluted EPS Adjusted Diluted EPS1 Operating Cash Flow Free Cash Flow1
$4,110 $4,141 $4,248 $4,284 $4,225 $4,000 $4,243 $4,184 $4,401 $0.91 $0.94 $1.08 $1.07 $0.96 $0.82 $0.97 $0.67 $0.97 Revenue Adjusted Diluted EPS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 $ In Millions Except Per Share Amounts Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Y/Y 5.1% 3.4% 4.2% 3.8% 2.8% (3.4%) (0.1%) (2.3%) 4.2% Y/Y CC 6.8% 4.7% 5.1% 4.2% 3.5% (2.5%) (0.7%) (3.0%) 2.4% GAAP Operating Margin 13.1% 14.9% 15.7% 14.6% 13.7% 11.7% 14.2% 11.1% 15.2% Adjusted Operating Margin 16.0% 16.1% 17.3% 17.0% 15.1% 14.1% 15.9% 12.3% 15.2% GAAP Diluted EPS $0.77 $0.90 $0.90 $0.72 $0.67 $0.67 $0.64 $0.59 $0.95 Adjusted Diluted EPS $0.91 $0.94 $1.08 $1.07 $0.96 $0.82 $0.97 $0.67 $0.97 Revenue, EPS and Operating Margin Revenue Growth, Operating Margin and GAAP EPS 1 Cognizant made an offer in Q4 2020 to settle and exit a large customer engagement in the financial services segment in Continental Europe. As a result of this offer, in Q4 2020, we recorded a reduction of revenue of $107 million, or -2.5 percentage points impact Y/Y, and additional expenses of $33 million, primarily related to the impairment of long-lived assets. This impacted Q4 2020 GAAP / Adjusted Operating Margin by ~3.0 percentage points and GAAP / Adjusted Diluted EPS by -$0.25. 1 1 4
$3,283 $826 $292 $1,458 $1,288 $998 $657 Revenue Performance: Q1 2021 PRODUCTS & RESOURCES COMMUNICATIONS, MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY HEALTHCARE FINANCIAL SERVICES NORTH AMERICA EUROPE REST OF WORLD Segments $ IN MILLIONS Geography $ IN MILLIONS +5.0% Y/Y +3.1% Y/Y CC +4.6% Y/Y +2.4% Y/Y CC +7.9% Y/Y +7.0% Y/Y CC +0.5% Y/Y (1.7%) Y/Y CC +6.7% Y/Y (0.9%) Y/Y CC +11.9% Y/Y +8.9% Y/Y CC +2.9% Y/Y +2.7% Y/Y CC 5
$1,013 $317 $128 Financial Services NORTH AMERICA EUROPE REST OF WORLD Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Y/Y (1.7%) 0.3% 1.9% 1.2% 1.0% (5.2%) (1.5%) (11.1%) 0.5% Y/Y CC 0.2% 1.7% 3.0% 1.5% 1.8% (4.3%) (2.2%) (11.4%) (1.7%) Flat Y/Y (3.8%) Y/Y CC +1.9% Y/Y (5.1%) Y/Y CC Revenue Revenue Growth $ IN MILLIONS $ IN MILLIONS Q1 2021 Geography 0.1% Y/Y (0.3%) Y/Y CC $1,436 $1,473 $1,492 $1,468 $1,451 $1,396 $1,469 $1,305 $1,458 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Revenue growth generated by our digital services in both banking and insurance did not fully offset declining non-digital revenue as our clients continue to optimize the cost of supporting their legacy systems and operations. 6 1 Cognizant made an offer in Q4 2020 to settle and exit a large customer engagement in the financial services segment in Continental Europe. As a result of this offer, in Q4 2020, we recorded a reduction of revenue of $107 million. This impacted the Q4 2020 Y/Y growth rate for Financial Services by approximately -7.3 percentage points Y/Y. 1 1
$1,101 $158 $29 Healthcare NORTH AMERICA EUROPE REST OF WORLD +70.6% Y/Y +68.1% Y/Y CC +13.7% Y/Y +6.4% Y/Y CC +6.1% Y/Y +6.0% Y/Y CC Revenue $ IN MILLIONS $ IN MILLIONS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Y/Y 3.9% (1.9%) (1.2%) 1.6% 2.5% 2.0% 4.8% 4.0% 7.9% Y/Y CC 4.6% (1.5%) (0.9%) 1.8% 2.7% 2.2% 4.2% 3.3% 7.0% $1,165 $1,134 $1,175 $1,221 $1,194 $1,157 $1,231 $1,270 $1,288 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Healthcare revenue benefited from increased demand for our integrated payer software solutions and continued strong demand among our life sciences clients. 7 Revenue Growth Q1 2021 Geography
$718 $209 $71 NORTH AMERICA EUROPE Products & Resources Revenue among manufacturing, logistics, energy and utilities clients grew double-digits in constant currency for the fourth consecutive quarter while retail, consumer goods, travel and hospitality clients continued to be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. +4.2% Y/Y +3.8% Y/Y CC 3.5% Y/Y (4.7%) Y/Y CC 12.7% Y/Y 9.8% Y/Y CC REST OF WORLD Revenue $ IN MILLIONS $ IN MILLIONS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Y/Y 11.3% 10.4% 11.9% 8.1% 4.4% (6.5%) (4.0%) (1.6%) 4.6% Y/Y CC 13.8% 12.3% 13.4% 8.6% 5.3% (5.0%) (4.6%) (2.4%) 2.4% $914 $927 $966 $963 $954 $867 $927 $948 $998 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 8 Revenue Growth Q1 2021 Geography
$451 $142 $64 $595 $607 $615 $632 $626 $580 $616 $661 $657 Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Communications, Media & Technology NORTH AMERICA REST OF WORLD +20.8% Y/Y +19.3% Y/Y CC +16.4% Y/Y +7.6% Y/Y CC Flat Y/Y and CC EUROPE Revenue $ IN MILLIONS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Y/Y 16.9% 12.2% 9.4% 8.0% 5.2% (4.4%) 0.2% 4.6% 5.0% Y/Y CC 19.6% 14.1% 10.6% 9.0% 6.3% (3.2%) (0.2%) 3.4% 3.1% Impact from exit of certain content services ~(2.0%) ~(3.9%) ~(7.9%) ~(9.2%) ~(7.9%) ~(6.0%) Growth was driven by communications and media clients, which benefited significantly from recently completed acquisitions. Double-digit year-over-year revenue growth among our technology clients was offset by the impact of our exit from certain content-related services, which negatively impacted Y/Y segment growth by 600 basis points. 9 Revenue Growth Q1 2021 Geography
83% 83% 84% 85% 83% 80% 85% 87% 85% 91% 92% 92% 92% 91% 91% 93% 91% 92% Offshore, Excluding Trainees % Onsite % Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 Employee Metrics Headcount and Annualized Attrition Utilization 285.8 288.2 289.9 292.5 291.7 281.2 283.1 289.5 296.5 19% 23% 24% 21% 22% 24% 18% 19% 21% 16% 19% 18% 16% 13% 11% 10% 16% 18% Headcount (in thousands) Quarterly Annualized Attrition Quarterly Annualized Voluntary Attrition Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 10 NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN THOUSANDS
$121 $121 $120 $118 $128 $86 $403 $580 $310 $511 $248 $788 $240 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 $453 $480 $487 $617 $1,123 $1,347 $2,247 $1,621 $1,350 FY2019 FY2020 Trailing 12-Months Cash Flow, Balance Sheet & Capital Allocation $ IN MILLIONS Q1 2019 Q2 2019 Q3 2019 Q4 2019 Q1 2020 Q2 2020 Q3 2020 Q4 2020 Q1 2021 OPERATING CASH FLOW $269 $575 $717 $938 $497 $979 $925 $898 $181 FREE CASH FLOW $163 $479 $620 $845 $385 $886 $821 $809 $93 CASH AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS1 $3,668 $3,003 $3,077 $3,424 $4,282 $4,582 $4,575 $2,724 $2,158 TOTAL DEBT $746 $746 $747 $738 $2,468 $2,459 $2,450 $701 $692 $ IN MILLIONS 1 Q1 ’19 to Q4 ’19 cash and short-term investments included restricted time deposits in India. Beginning in 2020 these restricted time deposits were classified as long- term investments and therefore are no longer included in cash and short-term investments. $ 74 Annual Quarterly Acquisitions Share Repurchases Dividends 11 $ 54
2021 Guidance1 1 Guidance is as of May 5, 2021 and does not account for any potential impact from events such as changes to tax and immigration policies. 2 A full reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS and Adjusted effective tax rate guidance to the corresponding GAAP measures on a forward- looking basis cannot be provided without unreasonable efforts as we are unable to provide reconciling information with respect to unusual items, net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses, and the tax effects of these adjustments. See “About Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information, the definition of Adjusted effective tax rate and a partial reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure at the end of this earnings supplement. FY2020 FY2021 Outlook Assumptions Revenue $16.7B ~$17.8 - $18.1B 7.0-9.0% Y/Y 5.5-7.5% Y/Y CC Adjusted Operating Margin2 14.4% 15.2-15.7% Q2 2021 expected to be at low-end of range Interest Income (in millions) $119 $20-30 Reflects lower interest income as a result of less cash in India, where yields are generally higher Adjusted effective tax rate2 25.8% 25-26% Share Count (in millions) 541 ~530 Adjusted Diluted EPS2 $3.42 $3.90-4.02 Q2 2020 Q2 2021 Assumptions Revenue $4.0B ~$4.42 - $4.46B 10.5-11.5% Y/Y 8.0-9.0% Y/Y CC 12
APPENDIX: About Non-GAAP Financial Measures
To supplement our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP, this earnings supplement includes references to the following measures defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission as non-GAAP financial measures: Adjusted Income From Operations, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Diluted EPS, free cash flow, Adjusted effective tax rate, and constant currency revenue growth. These non-GAAP financial measures are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures should be read in conjunction with our financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. The reconciliations of our non-GAAP financial measures to the corresponding GAAP measures should be carefully evaluated. Our non-GAAP financial measures, Adjusted Operating Margin, Adjusted Income From Operations and Adjusted Diluted EPS exclude unusual items. Additionally, Adjusted Diluted EPS excludes net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses and the tax impact of all the applicable adjustments. The income tax impact of each item is calculated by applying the statutory rate and local tax regulations in the jurisdiction in which the item was incurred. Free cash flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities net of purchases of property and equipment. Constant currency revenue growth is defined as revenues for a given period restated at the comparative period’s foreign currency exchange rates measured against the comparative period's reported revenues. Adjusted effective tax rate reflects a tax rate commensurate with our non-GAAP Adjusted EPS. We believe providing investors with an operating view consistent with how we manage the Company provides enhanced transparency into our operating results. For our internal management reporting and budgeting purposes, we use various GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision- making, to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, to determine portions of the compensation for our executive officers and for making comparisons of our operating results to those of our competitors. Therefore, it is our belief that the use of non-GAAP financial measures excluding certain costs provides a meaningful supplemental measure for investors to evaluate our financial performance. Accordingly, we believe that the presentation of our non-GAAP measures, when read in conjunction with our reported GAAP results, can provide useful supplemental information to our management and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations. A limitation of using non-GAAP financial measures versus financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP is that non-GAAP financial measures do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our operating results as determined in accordance with GAAP and may exclude costs that are recurring such as our net non-operating foreign currency exchange gains or losses. In addition, other companies may calculate non-GAAP financial measures differently than us, thereby limiting the usefulness of these non-GAAP financial measures as a comparative tool. We compensate for these limitations by providing specific information regarding the GAAP amounts excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures to allow investors to evaluate such non-GAAP financial measures. About Non-GAAP Financial Measures 14
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Please refer to page 16, 17 and 18 of this earnings supplement for corresponding Non-GAAP notes. (in millions, except per share amounts) Three Months Ended: Full Year Mar 31, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Dec 31, 2019 Mar 31, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Dec 31, 2020 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Guidance Full Year 2021 GAAP income from operations $ 539 $ 619 $ 669 $ 626 $ 579 $ 467 $ 603 $ 465 $ 669 $ 2,114 Realignment charges(a) 2 49 65 53 20 12 8 2 — 42 2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges(b) — — — 48 35 59 43 36 — 173 COVID-19 charges(c) — — — — 6 25 21 13 — 65 Incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation(d) 117 — — — — — — — — — Adjusted income from operations $ 658 $ 668 $ 734 $ 727 $ 640 $ 563 $ 675 $ 516 $ 669 $ 2,394 GAAP operating margin 13.1 % 14.9 % 15.7 % 14.6 % 13.7 % 11.7 % 14.2 % 11.1 % 15.2 % 12.7 % Realignment charges — 1.2 1.6 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 — — 0.3 — 2020 Fit for Growth Plan restructuring charges — — — 1.1 0.8 1.5 1.0 0.9 — 1.0 — COVID-19 charges — — — — 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.3 — 0.4 — Incremental accrual related to the India Contribution Obligation 2.9 — — — — — — — — — (d) Adjusted operating margin 16.0 % 16.1 % 17.3 % 17.0 % 15.1 % 14.1 % 15.9 % 12.3 % 15.2 % 14.4 % 15.2% - 15.7% GAAP diluted earnings per share $ 0.77 $ 0.90 $ 0.90 $ 0.72 $ 0.67 $ 0.67 $ 0.64 $ 0.59 $ 0.95 $ 2.57 Effect of above adjustments, pre-tax 0.20 0.09 0.12 0.18 0.11 0.18 0.13 0.10 — 0.52 (d) Effect of non-operating foreign currency exchange (gains) loss, pre-tax(e) (0.01) (0.03) 0.09 0.08 0.19 — — 0.02 0.02 0.22 (e) Tax effect of above adjustments(f) (0.05) (0.02) (0.03) (0.05) (0.01) (0.03) (0.06) (0.04) — (0.15) (d), (e) Tax on Accumulated Indian Earnings (g) — — — — — — 0.26 — — 0.26 — Effect of the equity method investment impairment(h) — — — 0.10 — — — — — — — Effect of the India Tax Law(i) — — — 0.04 — — — — — — — Adjusted diluted earnings per share $ 0.91 $ 0.94 $ 1.08 $ 1.07 $ 0.96 $ 0.82 $ 0.97 $ 0.67 $ 0.97 $ 3.42 $3.90 - $4.02 15
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Notes: (a) During 2019 and 2020, we incurred realignment charges that consisted of employee separation costs, employee retention costs and professional fees. The total costs related to the realignment are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our consolidated statements of operations. (b) During 2019 and 2020, we incurred restructuring charges as part of our 2020 Fit for Growth Plan that included employee separation costs, employee retention costs, facility exit costs and other charges. The total costs related to the 2020 Fit for Growth Plan are reported in "Restructuring charges" in our consolidated statements of operations. (c) During 2020, we incurred costs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including a one-time bonus to our employees at the designation of associate and below in both India and the Philippines, certain costs to enable our employees to work remotely and costs to provide medical staff and extra cleaning services for our facilities. Most of the costs related to the pandemic are reported in "Cost of revenues" in our consolidated statement of operations. (d) During the first quarter of 2019, a ruling of the Supreme Court of India in interpreting certain statutory defined contribution obligations of employees and employers (the "India Defined Contribution Obligation") altered historical understandings of such obligations, extending them to cover additional portions of the employee's income. As a result, the ongoing contributions of our affected employees and the Company have increased. In the first quarter of 2019, we accrued $117 million with respect to prior periods, assuming retroactive application of the Supreme Court's ruling. There is significant uncertainty as to how the liability should be calculated as it is impacted by multiple variables, including the period of assessment, the application with respect to certain current and former employees and whether interest and penalties may be assessed. Since the ruling, a variety of trade associations and industry groups have advocated to the Indian government, highlighting the harm to the information technology sector, other industries and job growth in India that would result from a retroactive application of the ruling. It is possible that the Indian government will review the matter and there is a substantial question as to whether the Indian government will apply the Supreme Court's ruling on a retroactive basis. As such, the ultimate amount of our obligation may be materially different from the amount accrued. The incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation is reported in "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" in our consolidated statement of operations. (e) Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses, inclusive of gains and losses related to foreign exchange forward contracts not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes, are reported in "Foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net" in our consolidated statements of operations. Non-operating foreign currency exchange gains and losses are subject to high variability and low visibility and therefore cannot be provided on a forward-looking basis without unreasonable efforts. 16
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures (f) Presented below are the tax impacts of each of our non-GAAP adjustments to pre-tax income: 2019 2020 2021 FY Three months ended: Mar 31 Jun 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 Mar 31 Jun 30 Sep 30 Dec 31 Mar 31 2020 Tax impacts of non-GAAP adjustments: Realignment charges $ — $ 13 $ 17 $ 13 $ 5 $ 3 $ 2 $ 1 $ — $ 11 2020 Fit for Growth restructuring charges — — — 13 9 16 11 9 — 45 COVID-19 charges — — — — 2 6 6 3 — 17 Incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation 31 — — — — — — — — — Foreign currency exchange gain and losses 1 — (2) — (10) (8) 15 9 — 6 Adjusted Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation Guidance FY 2020 FY 2021 GAAP effective tax rate 33.6 % Effect of adjustments to income from operations, pre-tax (4.0) (d) Effect of non-operating foreign currency exchange (gains) losses, pre-tax (1.3) (e) Tax effect of above adjustments 3.1 (d), (e) Tax on Accumulated Indian Earnings (5.6) Adjusted effective tax rate 25.8 % 25%-26% 17 (g) During the third quarter of 2020, after a thorough analysis of the impact of several changes in tax law on the cost of earnings repatriation and considering our strategic decision to increase our investments to accelerate growth in various international markets and expand our global delivery footprint, we reversed our indefinite reinvestment assertion on Indian earnings accumulated in prior years and recorded a $140 million tax on Accumulated Indian Earnings. The recorded income tax expense reflects the India withholding tax on unrepatriated Indian earnings, which were $5.2 billion as of December 31, 2019, net of applicable U.S. foreign tax credits. (h) During the fourth quarter of 2019, we determined that the carrying value of one of our equity method investments exceeded its fair value and therefore recorded an impairment charge of $57 million within the caption "Income (loss) from equity method investments" in our consolidated statement of operations. (i) During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Government of India enacted a new tax regime ("India Tax Law") effective retroactively to April, 2019 that enables domestic companies to elect to be taxed at a lower income tax rate of 25.17%, as compared to the current income tax rate of 34.94%. Once a company elects into the lower income tax rate, a company may not benefit from any tax holidays associated with Special Economic Zones and certain other tax incentives, including Minimum Alternative Tax credit carryforwards, and may not reverse its election. As a result of the enactment of the India Tax Law, we recorded a one-time net income tax expense of $21 million due to the revaluation to the lower income tax rate of our India net deferred income tax assets that were expected to reverse after we elected into the new tax regime.
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation of free cash flow Three Months Ended (in millions) Mar 31, 2019 Jun 30, 2019 Sep 30, 2019 Dec 31, 2019 Mar 31, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Dec 31, 2020 Mar 31, 2021 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 269 $ 575 $ 717 $ 938 $ 497 $ 979 $ 925 $ 898 $ 181 Purchases of property and equipment (106) (96) (97) (93) (112) (93) (104) (89) (88) Free cash flow $ 163 $ 479 $ 620 $ 845 $ 385 $ 886 $ 821 $ 809 $ 93 18