Frontier Files IPO
Frontier Group Holdings filed its IPO with initial registration of $100 million in common stock. LINK.
Underwriters include Citigroup, Deutsche Bank Securities, Evercore ISI, J.P. Morgan, BofA Merrill Lynch, Barclays, Cowen and Company, Credit Suisse Goldman, Sachs & Co., Raymond James, and UBS Investment Bank.
Overview
Frontier Airlines is an ultra low-cost carrier whose business strategy is focused on Low Fares Done Right®. We offer flights throughout the United States and to select international destinations in Mexico and the Caribbean. Our unique and sustainable strategy is underpinned by our low cost structure and superior ULCC brand. As of December 31, 2016, we operated a fleet of 66 narrow-body Airbus A320 family aircraft, which we expect to grow to 121, including 80 A320neo (New Engine Option) family aircraft, by the end of 2021. In the year ended December 31, 2016, we served approximately 14.9 million passengers across a network of 59 airports.
In December 2013, we were acquired by an investment fund managed by Indigo Partners LLC, or Indigo, an experienced and successful global investor in ultra low-cost carriers, or ULCCs. Following the acquisition, Indigo reshaped our management team to include experienced veterans of the airline industry. Working with Indigo, our management team developed and implemented our unique Low Fares Done Right strategy, which significantly reduced our unit costs, introduced low fares, provided the choice of optional services, enhanced our operational performance and improved the customer experience. Through the implementation of our new operating model, we have positioned our brand as a premier ULCC in the United States and have seen a dramatic improvement to our profitability.
The implementation of Low Fares Done Right has significantly reduced our cost base over the past three years by increasing aircraft utilization, transitioning to larger aircraft, maximizing seat density, renegotiating our distribution agreements, realigning our network, replacing our reservation system, enhancing our website, boosting employee productivity and contracting with specialists to provide us with select operating and other services. As a result of these and other initiatives, we have reduced our CASM (excluding fuel) from 7.89¢ for the year ended December 31, 2013 to 5.74¢ in the year ended December 31, 2016, and our Adjusted CASM (excluding fuel) from 7.89¢ for the year ended December 31, 2013 to 5.43¢ in the year ended December 31, 2016, an improvement of 27% and 31%, respectively. In 2016, this was one of the U.S. industry’s lowest unit operating costs. We believe that we are well positioned to maintain our relatively low unit operating costs through on-going strategic initiatives, including continuing our cost optimization efforts and further realizing economies of scale.
In addition to low unit costs, a key component of our Low Fares Done Right success was establishing Frontier as a premier ULCC in the United States by attracting customers with low fares and garnering repeat business by delivering a high-quality, family-friendly customer experience with a more upscale look and feel than historically experienced on ULCCs globally.
We currently offer flexible optional services through both unbundled and bundled service options. In 2015, we introduced The Works, a hassle-free option that includes a guaranteed seat assignment, carry-on and checked baggage, ticket refundability and changes, and priority boarding, all at an attractive low price and available only on our website. In 2016, we expanded our bundled product offering with The Perks, which enables customers to book the same amenities included in The Works, excluding refundability and ticket changes, through third
parties. We operate a customer-friendly digital platform that includes our website and mobile app, which makes booking and travel easy and more enjoyable for our customers. Our brand and product are also family-friendly, featuring popular animals on our aircraft tails, novelty cards for children and amenity packages tailored for families. We reward our repeat customers through our EarlyReturns frequent flyer program and also offer our Discount Den membership program, which provides subscribers with exclusive access to some of our lowest fares.
Low Fares Done Right differentiates Frontier from the historical ULCC model by providing a dependable and higher quality customer service experience than traditionally offered by such carriers. We pioneered this concept in the United States through our disciplined approach to operational reliability, modern fleet and comfortable cabin seating, including extra seat padding, and our Stretch seating option. Our focus on reliability and service allowed us to achieve the lowest ratio of cancelled flights and the highest percentage of on-time arrivals among the U.S. ULCCs according to the Department of Transportation, or DOT, for the year ended December 31, 2016. This high level of operational performance has led to a reduction in the rate of our customers’ complaints for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to 2015, according to DOT data. Our commitment to operational reliability is also reflected in our approach to recruiting, workforce training and employee engagement, which we believe enables us to offer a standardized and predictable travel experience. We believe the association of our brand with a high level of operational performance differentiates us from the other U.S. ULCCs and enables us to generate greater customer loyalty. In addition, as a result of our Low Fares Done Right strategy of distinguishing our service offering from other airlines, including other ULCC airlines, we were able to generate a unit revenue premium over Spirit Airlines, the largest ULCC in the United States, during the year ended December 31, 2016.
The low unit cost, high quality of service and dependability that make Low Fares Done Right successful have enabled us to implement a network strategy that primarily targets high fare or underserved markets, where our low fares stimulate new traffic flows. In addition, we also focus on providing air transportation from medium-sized markets (population between one and 4.7 million) to a wide range of VFR (visiting friends and relatives) and leisure destinations. As of December 2016, we served 28 of the 43 medium-sized markets in the United States, including Denver. Through this network strategy, we have built our current network around flights to and from airports that complement our Denver franchise, including Orlando, Las Vegas, Philadelphia, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Atlanta, Trenton, Chicago and Phoenix. This current network reflects significant diversification and a proactive effort to reduce our concentration in Denver. We reduced the number of our flights with either an origin or destination in Denver from over 90% as of December 2013 to approximately 45% as of December 2016. The diversification of our network since the beginning of 2014 has enabled us to reduce the impact of seasonality, increase revenue, increase utilization, lower unit costs and enhance profitability in each of 2014, 2015 and 2016.
We believe that our business model, including our focus on medium-sized markets and the use of low fares to stimulate demand, positions us to benefit from significant growth opportunities in the United States. According to the DOT, there were over 500 million domestic passengers in the United States during the 12 months ended September 30, 2016. Of these passengers, over 300 million paid a fare that was at least 30% above our cost basis per passenger during the same period and for the stage length associated with such fares. As a result, we believe that there are a significant number of markets in which we could operate profitably with our low fares, and we believe our entry into such markets could drive substantial passenger volume growth in those markets. For example, according to the DOT, in markets we entered in March and April 2015, industry passenger volumes increased by an average of approximately 41% in the six months ended September 30, 2016 as compared to the same period in 2014.
According to the DOT, the 25-year (1991 to 2016) compound annual growth rate for domestic passenger traffic in the United States was approximately 2.1%. Based on this information, we believe that over the next 25 years, low fare offerings, such as those offered by ULCCs, could stimulate growth for over 850 additional narrow body aircraft covering over 2,000 domestic and international routes we can serve with A320 family aircraft. Of these routes, we believe there is an opportunity for over 650 new routes from medium-sized markets in the United States. As an additional indication of potential domestic passenger growth in North America, Boeing’s “2016 Current Market Outlook” estimated that 2,620 new narrow body aircraft (net of retirements) would be added in North America by 2035, resulting in a total of 6,630 narrow body aircraft in operation.
Similarly, in Europe where the ULCC operating strategy is more mature, ULCCs have driven substantial increases in passenger volumes. Over the 15-year period from 2000 to 2014, according to World Bank and public filings of other carriers, total passenger volumes in Europe had a compound annual growth rate of approximately 4%, of which approximately 80% was attributable to ULCC growth and stimulation. According to World Bank and other public filings, over the same 15-year period, ULCCs in Europe grew their market share from approximately 5% of total domestic passengers in 2000 to approximately 38% of total domestic passengers in 2014, whereas in the United States, ULCCs only had a market share of approximately 3% of total domestic passengers in 2014.
