Form F-1/A ECMOHO Ltd

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 7, 2019

Registration No. 333-233951

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

AMENDMENT NO. 3

TO

FORM F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

ECMOHO Limited

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Not Applicable

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

3F, 1000 Tianyaoqiao Road

Xuhui District

Shanghai, 200030

The People’s Republic of China

+86 21 6113 2270

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

Corporation Service Company

1180 Avenue of the Americas, Suite 210

New York, NY 10036-8401

+1 800 927 9801

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.  ☐

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933. Emerging growth company  ☒

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

(1) American depositary shares issuable upon deposit of the ordinary shares registered hereby will be registered under a separate registration statement on Form F-6 (Registration No. 333-234148). Each American depositary share represents four Class A ordinary shares.

(2) Includes Class A ordinary shares initially offered and sold outside the United States that may be resold from time to time in the United States either as part of their distribution or within 40 days after the later of the effective date of this registration statement and the date the shares are first bona fide offered to the public, and also includes Class A ordinary shares that may be purchased by the underwriters pursuant to an over-allotment option. These Class A ordinary shares are not being registered for the purpose of sales outside the United States.

(3) Estimated solely for the purpose of determining the amount of registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933.

(4) Previously paid.

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, Dated

4,375,000 American Depositary Shares

ECMOHO Limited

Representing 17,500,000 Class A Ordinary Shares

This is an initial public offering of American depositary shares, or ADSs, of ECMOHO Limited.

ECMOHO Limited is offering 4,375,000 ADSs to be sold in the offering. Each ADS represents four Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.00001 per share.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the ADSs or our shares. It is currently estimated that the initial public offering price per ADS will be between US$10.00 and US$12.00. We have applied to list the ADSs on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “MOHO”.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under applicable U.S. securities laws and, as such, we are eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements.

Investing in our ADSs involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 17 to read about factors you should consider before buying the ADSs.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The underwriters have the option to purchase up to 656,250 additional ADSs from us at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions within 30 days from the date of this prospectus.

Upon the completion of this offering, our outstanding shares will consist of Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares. Holders of Class A ordinary shares and holders of Class B ordinary shares have same rights except for voting and conversion rights. Each holder of our Class B ordinary shares is entitled to ten votes per share, and each holder of our Class A ordinary shares is entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to them for a vote. Our Class B ordinary shares are convertible at any time by the holder thereof into Class A ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis, while Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances. We will be a “controlled company” under the NASDAQ Stock Market Rules because our co-founders, Ms. Zoe Wang and Mr. Leo Zeng, will beneficially own, in aggregate, 100% of our issued Class B ordinary shares. These Class B ordinary shares will constitute approximately 55.0% of our total issued and outstanding share capital and 92.4% of the aggregate voting power of our total issued and outstanding share capital immediately after the completion of this offering, assuming an initial public offering price of US$11.00 per ADS, the mid-point of the estimated range of the initial public offering price shown on this page and that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option.

The underwriters expect to deliver the ADSs against payment in New York, New York on             , 2019.

Prospectus dated             , 2019

TABLE OF CONTENTS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any related free writing prospectus that we have filed with the SEC. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to offer and sell these securities. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.

Until             , 2019 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.

Neither we nor any of the underwriters has done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who came into possession of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the ADSs and the distribution of this prospectus or any filed free writing prospectus outside the United States.

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RISK FACTORS

An investment in our ADSs involves material risks. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties set forth below, as well as all of the other information included in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in our ADSs. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In any such case, the market price of our ADSs could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

If the e-commerce market or the health and wellness industry in China does not grow, or grows more slowly than we expect, demand for our products and solutions could be adversely affected.

Continued demand for our products and solutions depends on whether the e-commerce market and the health and wellness industry in China will continue to grow. The long-term viability and prospects of the online retail business in China remain relatively untested. Our future results of operations will depend on numerous factors affecting the development of the e-commerce industry in China, which may be beyond our control, including:

Additionally, our future results of operations will depend on numerous factors affecting the development of the health and wellness industry in China, including:

If consumer utilization of e-commerce channels in China does not grow, or grows more slowly than we expect, demand for our products and services would be adversely affected, our revenues would be negatively impacted and our ability to pursue our growth strategies would be compromised.

We may not be able to effectively manage the expansion of our business or optimally implement our business strategies.

To realize our mission of providing comprehensive health and wellness solutions to our consumers, we have expanded our business, and plan to continue expanding our business. We have been widening our relationships with existing brand partners to include more offerings, procuring new brand partners with different products, improving our logistic and fulfillment capabilities to support our expanded offering and growing through acquisitions of complementary businesses. This expansion has contributed to a heightened level of complexity of our business, in terms of both the type and scale of our operations, which may place a significant strain on our operational, financial and technical resources and increase demands on our management and employees. We cannot assure you that we will be able to manage our expansion successfully, and failure to do so may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We are also continuously executing a number of growth initiatives, strategies and operating plans designed to enhance our business, including launching various new services, such as our XG Health platform, an integrated family health management and service platform. The anticipated benefits from these efforts are based on assumptions that may prove to be inaccurate. Moreover, we may not be able to successfully complete these growth initiatives, strategies and operating plans and realize all of the benefits that we expect to achieve, such as expanding our product and service offerings, expanding our offline channel coverage, and strengthening our XG Health platform, or it may be more costly to do so than we anticipate. In addition, profitability, if any, in the new areas that we expand into may be lower than in our existing business, and we may not be successful enough in these newer areas to recoup our investments in them. If any of these circumstances were to occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

If we fail to anticipate evolving consumer preferences for health and wellness products and/or fail to cater effectively to consumer demands, our ability to attract and retain customers may be materially and adversely affected.

Our ability to attract and retain our consumers depends largely on our ability to offer health and wellness products that they find attractive. The success of our business relies on our ability to anticipate changes in consumer preferences, demographic shifts in our consumer base and broader evolving trends in the industry, and to respond to such changes in a timely and cost-effective manner. If we rely on misleading industry intelligence or consistently misinterpret the consumer data we collect, we may fail to cater to the preferences of our consumers or fail to continue to retain our consumers. Consequently, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Our success depends on our ability to maintain relationships with existing brand partners and to develop relationships with new brand partners.

Our success is closely tied to our relationships with our existing brand partners, who supply the products that we sell through various platforms. We also identify and target potential new brand partners whose products complement our established inventory or that represent new opportunities for us to meet consumer demand. Many of our brand partners deal with us on a non-exclusive basis, and a number of our brand partner relationships are relatively recent, having been established over the last three years. Because of these factors, we face, and expect to continue to face, constant and intense competition for the business of our brand partners from other Chinese distributors in the health and wellness market. Our relationships with our brand partners may weaken and we may lose our market share if our competitors offer their services to them. The e-commerce market is characterized by rapid technological developments and frequent changes in regulation, specifications and other requirements for how our brand partners should sell their merchandise through particular channels. This could negatively affect our ability to retain existing brand partners and attract new brand partners, our future financial and operating results, and our potential for growth. If we are unable to maintain these relationships or enter into advantageous new arrangements through our targeted approaches to specific potential brand partners, our ability to attract new brand partners may decrease.

In addition, a small number of brand partners contribute a significant portion of our total revenues. For example, in 2018 and the six months ended June 30, 2019, the single largest brand partner in terms of the revenue contribution of its products accounted for 14.6% and 14.8%, respectively, of our total revenues. In the same periods, the ten largest brand partners in terms of the revenue contribution of their products, in the aggregate, accounted for 67.6% and 75.5%, respectively, of our total revenues. Moreover, five of the ten largest brand partners in terms of revenue contribution in the six months ended June 30, 2019 are under the common control of a global food and beverage company. While our relationships with these five brand partners were developed independently and they are each managed by a dedicated operations team, we cannot assure you that failure to maintain a satisfactory relationship with one of these brand partners will not adversely affect our reputation with the other brand partners under common control. Furthermore, the loss of one or more of our largest brand partners may result in a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation.

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In such a rapidly changing market, the needs of our brand partners are also constantly evolving to keep pace with consumer demands. If we fail to respond to the evolving needs of our brand partners, our continuing relationships with existing brand partners, our reputation and the demand for our services may be adversely affected. This may have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial position and results of operations.

We may be unable to compete effectively against stronger and better-resourced e-commerce companies, offline competitors or new entrants to the health and wellness market, and may lose market share as a result.

The health and wellness market is intensely competitive in China. We may not be able to command the same price for our services and solutions or we may face a decrease in our market share, which may affect our future financial and operating results, and our ability to grow our business. In addition, competition may intensify if our competitors increase their resources and product range and if established companies in other market segments or geographic markets expand into our market segments or geographic markets. If we cannot compete successfully, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially and adversely affected.

We face competition in a number of areas. We compete to attract, engage and retain consumers based on the variety, value and personalization of the products and services we offer, and overall user experience and convenience. We compete to attract and retain brand partners based on our scale of operation and the capability of engaging consumers, the sales and growth solutions offered to brand partners as a result of our consumer and industry analysis and the efficiency of our logistics infrastructure in facilitating the delivery of our brand partners’ products to consumers. We also compete for experienced and effective talent and personnel, who serve critical functions in the development of our products and our ecosystem.

Our ability to compete effectively depends on a number of factors, some of which may be beyond our control, including brand partners choosing to develop in-house e-commerce platforms or infrastructure, offline competitors with a broader product range, e-commerce channels deciding to directly compete with us and consolidations within the Chinese health and wellness industry that may result in stronger competitors.

If we are not able to compete effectively, we may lose market share and face a decrease in consumer engagement and sales, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations as well as our reputation.

Some of our current or future competitors may have, or may develop, greater brand recognition, better supplier relationships, larger customer bases or greater financial, technical or marketing resources than us. Any smaller companies or potential new entrants to the Chinese health and wellness market may be acquired by, receive investment from or enter into strategic relationships with well-established and well-financed companies or investors which may enhance their competitive positions. Some of our competitors may be able to secure more favorable terms from suppliers, devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing or inventory policies and devote substantially more resources to their technology and infrastructure systems than us. We cannot be certain that we will be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors, and competitive pressures may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may need additional capital but may not be able to obtain it on acceptable terms, or at all.

In order for us to grow, we need significant amount of working capital to fund our inventory. In addition, we may require additional capital in case of operating losses as well as any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. For example, the net cash we used in operating activities reached US$40.8 million in 2018 and US$12.7 million in the first six months of calendar year 2019. Such amount may continue to increase due to the expansion of our business and the corresponding increase in inventory. See “— If we fail to effectively manage our inventory, our reputation, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected”.

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If our cash resources are insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we may seek to issue additional equity or debt securities, including convertible notes, or obtain new or expanded credit facilities.

Our ability to obtain external financing in the future is subject to a variety of uncertainties, including our future financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, share price performance, liquidity of international capital and lending markets and the PRC governmental regulations over foreign investment and the health and wellness industry. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and could restrict our operational flexibility and reduce our profitability. In addition, incurring indebtedness would subject us to increased debt service obligations. There can be no assurance that financing would be available in a timely manner or in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Any such failure could severely restrict our liquidity as well as have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, any issuance of equity or equity-linked securities could result in significant dilution to the interests of our existing shareholders.

If we are unable to obtain increased financing, any resultant cash flow shortage may materially affect our ability to procure products from our brand partners and meet our financial obligations, which may damage our reputation and brand partner relationships. Such damage to our reputation or relationships would have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We depend on key management as well as experienced and capable personnel generally, and any failure to attract, motivate or retain our staff could hinder our ability to maintain and grow our business.

Our future success depends substantially upon the continued service of our key executives and other key employees, particularly our co-founders, Ms. Wang and Mr. Zeng. If we lose the services of any member of management or key personnel, we may not be able to locate suitable or qualified replacements, and may incur additional expenses to recruit and train new staff, which could severely disrupt our business and growth.

The size and scope of our ecosystem also require us to hire and retain a wide range of experienced and capable personnel who can adapt to a dynamic, competitive and challenging business environment. We will need to continue to attract and retain experienced and capable personnel at all levels as we expand our business and operations. Competition for such talent is intense, and the availability of suitable and qualified candidates in the PRC is limited. This high level of competition could compel us to offer higher compensation and other benefits to attract and retain the right candidate. Even if we were to offer higher compensation and other benefits, there is no assurance that these individuals will choose to join or continue to work for us. Any failure to attract or retain key management and personnel could severely disrupt our business and growth.

We are subject to evolving regulatory requirements, non-compliance with which, or changes in which, may adversely affect our business and prospects.

As a provider of an e-commerce platform for health and wellness products, we are subject to legal and regulatory requirements applicable to multiple industries in the PRC. These industries primarily include the internet and health and wellness industries. We have been subject to penalties by PRC regulatory authorities in the past due to our failure to comply with their requirements, including those in relation to pricing.

The regulations to which we are subject in this area are new and evolving. As a result, the interpretation of these laws and their enforcement is often uncertain. Predicting the application of these laws can be difficult, and unexpected outcomes in the interpretation and enforcement of the applicable regulations may have an adverse impact on our business and operations. Additionally, any future changes in regulation may render our business non-compliant or require changes to our business practices or licensing arrangements to ensure compliance. These changes may involve significant costs, which in turn may adversely affect our business and prospects.

Various regulatory authorities of the PRC government regulate value-added telecommunications services, food business, pharmaceutical operations and services, online drug and medical device operations and online

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trading and e-commerce. Violations of regulations may lead to the imposition of significant penalties which may affect our business, operations, reputation and financial prospects. In respect of the healthcare industry, in particular, any violation of the relevant laws, rules and regulations may result in harsh penalties and, under certain circumstances, lead to criminal prosecution. See—“Regulation” for details.

As we introduce new products and services to our customers, we may be required to comply with additional laws and regulations that are yet to be determined. To comply with such additional laws and regulations, we may be required to obtain necessary certificates, licenses or permits, as well as expend additional resources to monitor regulatory and policy developments. Our failure to adequately comply with such additional laws and regulations may delay, or possibly prevent, some of our products or services from being offered to users, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Additionally, the PRC has enacted laws and regulations governing internet access and the distribution of products, services, news, information, audio-video programs and other content through the internet. The PRC government has prohibited the distribution of information through the internet that it deems to be in violation of PRC laws and regulations. If any of the information disseminated through our marketplaces and websites were deemed by the PRC government to violate any content restrictions, we would not be able to continue to display such content and could become subject to penalties, including confiscation of income, fines, suspension of business and revocation of required licenses, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. See—“Regulation” for details.

We may be subject to claims under consumer protection laws, including health and safety claims and product liability claims, if property or people are harmed by the products sold on our platform.

Due to several high-profile consumer complaint incidents that have occurred in China in recent years and attendant media and advocacy group attention, there has been increased governmental focus in the PRC on consumer protection. Operators of e-commerce marketplaces and platforms are subject to certain provisions of consumer protection laws even where such operator is not the seller of the product or service purchased by the consumer. In addition, if we do not take appropriate remedial action against sellers or service providers for actions they engage in that we know, or should have known, would infringe upon the rights and interests of consumers, we may be held jointly and severally liable with the seller or service provider for such infringement.

Moreover, applicable PRC consumer protection laws hold that trading platforms will be held liable for failing to meet any undertakings such platforms make to consumers with regard to products listed on their websites. Furthermore, we are required to report to the State Administration for Market Regulation, or the SAMR, or its local branches any violation of applicable laws, regulations or SAMR rules by sellers or service providers, such as sales of goods without proper license or authorization, and to take appropriate remedial measures, including ceasing to provide services to such sellers or service providers. If claims are brought against us under any of these laws, we could be subject to damages and reputational damage as well as action by regulators, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We do not maintain product liability insurance for products and services transacted on our platform, and any other insurance policies may not cover us, adequately or at all, for any liability we may incur. Even unsuccessful claims could result in the expenditure of funds and management time and resources and could materially reduce our net income and profitability.

If counterfeit products are distributed by us, our reputation and financial results could be materially and adversely affected.

We source health and wellness products from reputable brand partners. However, their measures of safeguarding against counterfeit products may not be adequate. In addition, we engage third-party warehousing

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and logistics service providers and third-party couriers to conduct product fulfillment, and we may not be able to detect and prevent all potential instances of misconduct or negligence committed by them or by our employees involved in the fulfillment process. If counterfeit products are distributed by us, we may suffer reputational damage. If we are deemed to have participated or assisted in infringement activities associated with counterfeit products, we may be subject to sanctions under applicable laws and regulations, which may include injunctions to cease infringing activities, rectification, compensation, administrative penalties and even criminal liability, depending on the gravity of such misconduct. Furthermore, counterfeit products may be defective or inferior in quality as compared to authentic products and may pose safety risks to consumers. If consumers are injured by counterfeit products distributed by us, we may be subject to lawsuits, severe administrative penalties and criminal liability. See “– We may be subject to claims under consumer protection laws, including health and safety claims and product liability claims, if property or people are harmed by the products sold on our platform.”

If we fail to effectively manage our inventory, our reputation, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected.

In order to operate our business effectively and meet our consumers’ demands and expectations, we must maintain a certain level of inventory to ensure prompt deliveries when required. We determine the levels of inventory we hold on the basis of our experience, assessment of consumer demand in a certain period of time and the lead time required to have the inventory in our warehouse.

We forecast consumer demand by relying on a number of factors, including:

We use such metrics to forecast consumer demand more accurately and thereby optimize our inventory management in terms of product portfolio and volume.

However, forecasts are inherently uncertain, and demand for products can change significantly between the inventory order date and the projected sale date. In addition, the acquisition of certain types of inventory may require significant lead time and prepayment and they may not be returnable. Moreover, we normally do not have the right to return unsold items to our suppliers, save for in a limited range of circumstances, such as in the case of quality defects, as set out in our supply agreements.

If we overestimate demand for our products, we may be exposed to increased inventory risks due to accumulated excess inventory. Prolonged periods of excess inventory may lead to pressures on our warehousing system and fulfillment capabilities, increases in inventory holding costs and the risk of inventory obsolescence. In addition, if we fail to manage our inventory effectively we may experience a decline in inventory values and significant inventory write-downs or write-offs due to product expiration. Moreover, we may be required to lower sale prices in order to reduce inventory levels, which may lead to lower gross margins. Conversely, if we underestimate demand for our products, or if our brand partners fail to supply quality products in a timely manner, we may experience inventory shortages, which might result in lost revenues and diminished consumer satisfaction, which could harm our business and reputation.

Any of the above may materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. As we plan to continue to expand our product offerings, we may continue to face challenges in effectively managing our inventory.

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Any interruption in our product inventory or fulfillment operations may have an adverse impact on our business.

Our ability to process and fulfill orders accurately depends on the efficient operation of our fulfillment and logistics network and our ability to accurately take orders through the various platforms on which we distribute products and our ability to fulfill such orders. Our fulfillment and logistics infrastructure, including our warehousing facilities and transportation services, may be vulnerable to damage or interruption caused by fire, flood, power outage, telecommunications failure, break-ins, earthquake, human error, transportation disruptions and other events. If any of our fulfillment and logistics infrastructures were to be rendered incapable of operations, then we may be unable to fulfill any orders. We do not carry business interruption insurance, and the occurrence of any of the foregoing risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Our results of operations are subject to fluctuations due to the seasonality of our business and other events.

We have experienced and expect to continue to experience seasonal fluctuations in our financial performance. These seasonal patterns have caused and will continue to cause fluctuations in our operating results. Historically, we have recorded stronger performance in the fourth quarter, primarily because consumers increase their purchases during e-commerce festivals in China, such as the periods around Singles Day (which is an online sales promotion event that falls on November 11 of each year) and Double Twelves (which is another online sales promotion event that falls on December 12 of each year). In addition, we generally experience a lower level of sales activity in the first quarter due to the Lunar New Year holiday, during which the volumes of online purchases and logistical operations drop significantly due to vacations and business closures.

In anticipation of increased sales activity prior to shopping festivals, we increase our inventory levels and incur additional expenses such as procuring additional working capital and increasing the size of our workforce on a temporary basis. If our seasonal sales patterns become more pronounced in the future, this may strain our personnel, customer service operations, fulfillment operations and shipment activities and may cause a shortfall in revenues compared to expenses in a given period. As a result, our financial results may be materially and adversely affected. In addition to increasing our own inventory levels, we also rely on our brand partners to increase their inventory levels to match projected seasonal demand. If we and our brand partners do not increase inventory levels for popular products in sufficient amounts or if we are unable to restock popular products from our brand partners in a timely manner, we may fail to fulfill customer demand. This may harm our reputation and damage the trust that consumers have in our business, which is a key part of our business model. As a result, we may experience a material and adverse effect on our financial conditions and results of operations.

Our dependence on a small number of e-commerce channels could adversely affect our business or results of operations.

We depend on a small number of e-commerce channels to sell products to consumers. As a result, we derive a substantial portion of our revenue from activity on these channels. For example, sales on Alibaba’s Tmall platform contributed 34% of our total net revenue for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 21% of our total net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

If the sales on e-commerce channels in China do not grow or grow more slowly than we expect, demand for our products would be adversely affected, our revenues would be negatively impacted, and our ability to pursue our growth strategy would be compromised. Moreover, if the e-commerce channels that we rely on are not successful in attracting consumers or their reputations are adversely affected for any reason, we may experience reduced demand for our products.

Our business may be harmed if the e-commerce channels we rely upon decide to make significant changes to their respective business models, policies, systems or plans. Currently, large e-commerce channels influence to a certain extent terms that affect our profitability and financial condition, including the return policies we offer and the sharing of marketing expenses and payables or receivables between the e-commerce channels and us. We may not be able to negotiate such policies or agreements on terms most favorable to us in the future.

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In addition, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to access such e-commerce channels in the long term. If we fail to maintain our relationships with such channels, they may decide at any time and for any reason to significantly limit our ability to integrate our solutions with their platforms. Given that online retail in China is dominated by a few large e-commerce channels, we may not be able to adapt or build new relationships on terms favorable to us with any other emerging channels.

Any of the above may adversely affect our revenue, financial condition and results of operations.

We use third-party couriers to deliver orders. If these couriers fail to provide reliable delivery services at commercially acceptable terms, our business and reputation may be materially and adversely affected.

We maintain cooperation arrangements with third-party couriers to deliver our products to our customers. We rely on a select number of third-party delivery services, for example Cainiao, the primary deliverer of cross-border sales through the Tmall platform. In 2018 and the six months ended June 30, 2019, Cainiao was paid 39% and 32%, respectively, of our third-party delivery fees, and the goods delivered by Cainiao accounted for 19% and 12%, respectively, of our revenue in the same periods. As such we may face adverse consequences if there are interruptions to, or failures in, these third parties’ delivery services. Such interruptions or failures could prevent the timely or proper delivery of our products to consumers, eroding consumer confidence and reducing repeat orders. These interruptions may be due to events that are beyond our control or the control of these delivery companies, such as inclement weather, natural disasters, transportation disruptions or labor unrest. While we may claim compensation for disruptions under our standard agreements with third-party delivery services, such claims are subject to a complicated review process and we cannot provide assurance that any compensation payments would make up for the lost consumer goodwill. Also, any significant increase in delivery fees charged by these third parties may result in significant increase in our online distribution expenses. If we fail to find other reliable third-party couriers at commercially acceptable terms, our profitability may be harmed.

In addition, if our third-party couriers fail to comply with applicable PRC rules and regulations, our delivery services may be materially and adversely affected. We may not be able to find alternative delivery companies to provide delivery services in a timely and reliable manner, or at all. Delivery of our products could also be affected or interrupted by the merger, acquisition, insolvency or government shut-down of the delivery companies we engage to make deliveries. If our products are not delivered in proper condition or on a timely basis, our reputation could suffer and we may experience a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We have adopted favorable return policies with certain customers and a higher-than-expected rate of returns could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

In certain instances, we sell the products of our brand partners to third-party e-commerce platforms, which in turn sell those products to consumers. We have adopted contractual product return policies with certain of these third-party e-commerce platforms. These return policies are generally favorable to the third-party e-commerce platforms, and provide in certain cases that products may be returned in unlimited quantities and without cause, albeit subject to a limited return period. If we experience a higher-than-expected rate of returns from these third-party e-commerce platforms, this may result in wastage, overstock and monetary loss, which may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, we may from time to time be required to amend our existing return policies or implement new return policies pursuant to changes in applicable laws and regulations, which may lead to a larger group of customers being able to take advantage of our return policies, potentially resulting in increased costs. If our return policy is misused, we may experience significantly increased costs which may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. If we seek to set limits on such return policies in order to reduce costs, the reaction from our customers may be negative, which may materially and adversely affect our reputation, and results of operations.

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Any damage to our reputation, including negative publicity against us or our brand partners, may materially and adversely affect our business operations and prospects.

We have cultivated a reputation of trustworthiness and excellence among our brand partners and the consumers. We believe that our reputation is a key reason for consumers to make purchases, and for brand partners who choose us to distribute their products and provide them with market insights and strategies. As a result, we depend on our reputation for the continued success of our business operations and for generating revenue. However, we cannot be certain that we will be able to maintain our positive reputation in the future. Our reputation may be materially and adversely affected by a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

Any damage to our reputation as a result of these or other factors may cause our products to be perceived unfavorably by consumers, existing or potential brand partners or the Chinese health and wellness market in general, which may materially and adversely affect our reputation, results of operations and financial position.

If our brand partners develop sophisticated knowledge of the Chinese health and wellness market, or increase their in-house e-commerce capabilities, demand for our solutions and services may be adversely affected.

Our brand partners value our solutions and services because of our ability to assist with marketing their products to the Chinese health and wellness market. This ability is founded on our extensive experience in, and local knowledge of, the Chinese health and wellness market, and our technical proficiency in connecting our brand partners to end consumers in China. If our brand partners significantly develop their local expertise and market knowledge, or choose to sell their products directly through third-party e-commerce platforms, our solutions and services may become less important or attractive to our brand partners, and demand for our solutions and services may decline. This may cause a decrease in customer retention and revenue, materially and adversely affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be liable for any false or misleading statements or representations made by the healthcare experts on our XG Health platform.

We may be held liable for any false or misleading statements or representations made by the healthcare experts on our XG Health platform. When these healthcare experts publish health management plans, respond to consumer inquiries and make health and wellness recommendations, they may make false or misleading statements or representations in relation to the suitability, effectiveness, use or potential side effects of such plans or products. These healthcare experts may also be negligent in their observations or fail to specify that their recommendation is general in nature and may not apply to the circumstances of particular consumers. We may not always have appropriate disclaimers in place on our XG Health platform.

We may be subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time where these statements or representations are found to result in harm to our customers. These claims and legal proceedings may be expensive and time-consuming to investigate and defend and may divert resources and management attention from the operation of our business. Although these claims may not be successful, they may harm our reputation and reduce our ability to attract customers and users.