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Form 8-K Carvana Auto Receivables For: May 19 Filed by: Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC

May 23, 2022 10:19 AM EDT

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

Current Report

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): May 19, 2022

 

 

Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC

(Exact Name of Depositor as Specified in its Charter)

Commission File Number: 333-263473

Central Index Key Number: 0001770373

Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2

(Exact Name of Issuing Entity as Specified in its Charter)

Commission File Number: 333-263473-02

Central Index Key Number: 0001903763

Carvana, LLC

(Exact Name of Sponsor as Specified in its Charter)

Central Index Key Number: 0001576462

 

 

Delaware

(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation of Registrant)

83-3243432

(Registrant’s I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC

1930 W. Rio Salado Parkway

Tempe, Arizona

  85281
(Address of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

(480) 719-8809

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Not Applicable

(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

 

Title of each class

 

Trading

Symbol(s)

 

Name of each exchange

on which registered

N/A   N/A   N/A

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the Registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

 

 

 


Item 1.01. Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.

On May 19, 2022, Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC (the “Depositor”) and Carvana, LLC (“Carvana”) entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as an underwriter and as representative of the several underwriters identified therein, for the sale of certain amounts of the following classes of notes to be issued by Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 (the “Issuing Entity”): Class A-1 Asset Backed Notes, Class A-2 Asset Backed Notes, Class A-3 Asset Backed Notes, Class A-4 Asset Backed Notes, Class B Asset Backed Notes, Class C Asset Backed Notes and Class D Asset Backed Notes (collectively, the “Publicly Registered Notes”). The Issuing Entity will also issue Class N Asset Backed Notes (the “Class N Notes”) and Class XS Asset Backed Notes (the “Class XS Notes”), which have not been registered under the Registration Statement. Five percent (5%) of the Publicly Registered Notes and the Class N Notes, and all of the Class XS Notes (collectively, the “Retained Notes,” and together with the Publicly Registered Notes, the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes, the “Notes”) and five percent (5%) of the Certificates of the Issuing Entity will be initially retained or held by Carvana or one or more of its majority-owned affiliates.

The Publicly Registered Notes have an aggregate principal balance of $605,000,000 and will be issued on or about May 25, 2022 (the “Closing Date”).

Attached as Exhibit 1.1 is the Underwriting Agreement.

Item 8.01. Other Events.

The Depositor and Carvana will enter into a purchase agreement (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, whereby Carvana will transfer to the Depositor certain motor vehicle retail installment sales contracts relating to used automobiles, light-duty trucks, SUVs and vans (the “Receivables”) and related property. The Receivables and related property will subsequently be transferred to the Issuing Entity pursuant to a sale agreement (the “Receivables Transfer Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Issuing Entity and the Depositor. The Receivables and related property will subsequently be transferred to the Grantor Trust pursuant to a sale agreement (the “Receivables Contribution Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust. The Servicer will manage, service and otherwise administer the Receivables pursuant to a servicing agreement (the “Servicing Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as indenture trustee (in such capacity, the “Indenture Trustee”), and Vervent Inc., as backup servicer (the “Backup Servicer”). The Backup Servicer will perform certain backup servicing duties and assume the role of successor servicer if the Servicer is terminated under the Servicing Agreement, pursuant to a backup servicing agreement (the “Backup Servicing Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer and the Backup Servicer. Certain representations made by Carvana with respect to such Receivables may be reviewed, upon the satisfaction of certain conditions, pursuant to an asset representations review agreement (the “Asset Representations Review Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P1 (the “Grantor Trust”), Carvana, in its capacity as administrator and sponsor, Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC (the “Servicer”), and Clayton Fixed Income Services, LLC (the “Asset Representations Reviewer”), as asset representations reviewer.

The Issuing Entity, a Delaware statutory trust, was established pursuant to a trust agreement dated as of August 10, 2021, which will be amended and restated by an Amended and Restated Trust Agreement to be dated as of the Closing Date (the “Amended and Restated Trust Agreement”), between the Depositor and BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as owner trustee (in such capacity, the “Owner Trustee”), and acknowledged and agreed to by Carvana, as administrator and sponsor, and by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as certificate registrar and certificate paying agent. The Grantor Trust, a Delaware statutory trust, was established pursuant to a trust agreement dated as of August 10, 2021, which will be amended and restated by an Amended and Restated Trust Agreement to be dated as of the Closing Date (the “Amended and Restated Grantor Trust Agreement”), between the Issuing Entity, as grantor, BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as grantor trust trustee, grantor trust certificate registrar, and grantor trust paying agent (in such capacities, the “Grantor Trust Trustee”), and acknowledged and agreed to by Carvana, as administrator and sponsor, and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as indenture trustee.

 

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The Issuing Entity will enter into an indenture (the “Indenture”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee, pursuant to which the Issuing Entity will cause the issuance of the Notes and will grant a security interest in the Receivables and other related property to the Indenture Trustee in order to secure the Notes. Carvana will provide certain administrative services on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust relating to the Notes under an administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, among Carvana, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee. The Issuing Entity will enter into a collateral custodian agreement (the “Collateral Custodian Agreement”), to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, Carvana, the Servicer, and Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as collateral custodian (in such capacity, the “Collateral Custodian”) and as Indenture Trustee, pursuant to which the Collateral Custodian maintain possession of certain documents with respect to such Receivables.

Substantially final versions of the transaction documents, the forms of which were filed as Exhibits to the Registration Statement, are being filed on this Current Report in order to satisfy the requirements of Item 1100(f) of Regulation AB. Attached as Exhibit 4.1 is the form of Indenture, as Exhibit 10.1 is the form of Receivables Purchase Agreement, as Exhibit 10.2 is the form of Receivables Transfer Agreement, as Exhibit 10.3 is the form of Receivables Contribution Agreement, as Exhibit 10.4 is the form of Servicing Agreement, as Exhibit 10.5 is the form of Backup Servicing Agreement, as Exhibit 10.6 is the form of Asset Representations Review Agreement, as Exhibit 10.7 is the form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, as Exhibit 10.8 is the form of Amended and Restated Grantor Trust Agreement, as Exhibit 10.9 is the form of Administration Agreement and as Exhibit 10.10 is the form of Collateral Custodian Agreement.

In connection with the offering of the Publicly Registered Notes, the president of the Registrant has made the certifications required by Paragraph I.B.1(a) of Form SF-3 attached as Exhibit 36.1. The certification is being filed on this Current Report to satisfy the requirements of Item 601(b)(36) of Regulation S-K.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

 

(a)

Not applicable.

 

(b)

Not applicable.

 

(c)

Not applicable.

 

(d)

Exhibits.

 

Exhibit

No.

  

Document Description

1.1    Underwriting Agreement, dated as of May 19, 2022 among Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as an underwriter and as representative of the several underwriters identified therein, the Depositor and Carvana.
4.1    Form of Indenture, to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee.
10.1    Form of Receivables Purchase Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Depositor and Carvana.
10.2    Form of Receivables Transfer Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Depositor and the Issuing Entity.
10.3    Form of Receivables Contribution Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust.
10.4    Form of Servicing Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee and the Backup Servicer.
10.5    Form of Backup Servicing Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer and the Backup Servicer.
10.6    Form of Asset Representations Review Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, Carvana, the Servicer and Asset Representations Reviewer.

 

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10.7    Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Depositor and the Owner Trustee, and acknowledged and agreed to by Carvana, as administrator and sponsor, and by Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as certificate registrar and certificate paying agent.
10.8    Form of Amended and Restated Grantor Trust Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, between the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust Trustee, and acknowledged and agreed to by Carvana, as administrator and sponsor, and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as indenture trustee.
10.9    Form of Administration Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, Carvana and the Indenture Trustee.
10.10    Form of Collateral Custodian Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, Carvana, the Servicer, the Collateral Custodian and the Indenture Trustee.
36.1    Depositor Certification, dated May 19, 2022, for shelf offerings of asset-backed securities.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

May 23, 2022     CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC
    By:  

/s/ Mike McKeever

    Name:   Mike McKeever
    Title:   President

 

S-1    Form 8-K re: Pricing

Exhibit 1.1

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

May 19, 2022

WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC

As Representative of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 (the “Issuing Entity”) will issue to Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Depositor”), certain classes of asset backed notes (collectively, the “Notes”) pursuant to an indenture, to be dated as of the Closing Date (as amended and supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), between the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, and the Indenture Trustee. The assets of the Issuing Entity will include, among other things, the indirect ownership of a pool of retail installment contracts used to finance the purchase of used cars and light trucks (the “Receivables”) originated by Carvana, LLC (“Carvana”) and certain monies due or received thereunder on and after the Cutoff Date.

The Depositor proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to sell to the underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the “Underwriters,” or each, an “Underwriter”), for whom Wells Fargo Securities, LLC is acting as representative (the “Representative”), the Notes in the amounts and at the prices set forth on Schedule I (the “Offered Notes”).

Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 10 of Form SF-3 which were filed under the Exchange Act on or before the Effective Date of the Registration Statement or the issue date of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be; and any reference herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act after the Effective Date of the Registration Statement or the issue date of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be, deemed to be incorporated therein by reference. Certain terms used herein are defined in Section 18 hereof. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Underwriting Agreement (this “Agreement”) shall have the meanings assigned to them in Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

1. Representations and Warranties. Carvana, in its capacity as the Sponsor (as to itself and on behalf of the Depositor), and the Depositor (as to itself) represent and warrant to the Underwriters, as of the date hereof (unless specified otherwise) and as of the Closing Date, that:

(a) The Depositor meets the requirements for use of Form SF-3 under the Securities Act (including the Registrant Requirements and the Transaction Requirements, each as of the Closing Date, and each in the General Instructions to Form SF-3) and has prepared and filed with the Commission a registration statement (No. 333-263473), including a prospectus, on Form SF-3 pursuant to Rule 415 on March 11, 2022, for the registration under the Securities Act of asset-backed securities (issuable in series and classes thereof), including the Offered Notes, which registration statement has become effective and is effective at the date hereof, and a copy of which, as amended to the date hereof, has heretofore been delivered to the Underwriters. As of the date that is ninety days after December 31, 2021, the requirements of General Instruction I.A. of Form SF-3 have been met. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued under the Securities Act and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Depositor, are contemplated by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with. The Depositor has filed with the Commission, pursuant to Rule 424(h), one or more Preliminary Prospectuses not later than the third business day before the Applicable Time and has delivered the Final Preliminary Prospectus to the Underwriters at least 48 hours prior to the Applicable Time for delivery to prospective investors. The Depositor will file with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) a Final Prospectus relating to the Offered Notes and the method of distribution thereof.


(b) On the Effective Date, the Registration Statement complied, and when the Final Preliminary Prospectus is first filed in accordance with Rule 424(h) and the Final Prospectus is first filed in accordance with Rule 424(b), the Final Preliminary Prospectus and the Final Prospectus will comply, in all material respects, with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act; provided, however, that the Depositor has prepared the Final Preliminary Prospectus and the Final Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with the guidance from the Staff of the Commission set forth in the No-Action Letter.

(c) On the Effective Date and on the Applicable Time, the Registration Statement did not, and on the Closing Date will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that the foregoing does not apply to that part of the Registration Statement which constitutes the Statements of Eligibility of Qualification (Form T-1) of the Indenture Trustee or other indenture trustees under the Trust Indenture Act.

(d) As of the date of the Final Preliminary Prospectus and as of the Applicable Time, each item of the Disclosure Package did not, and as of the Closing Date will not, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Depositor makes no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from the Disclosure Package (i) in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information or (ii) constituting pricing and price dependent information, which information shall appear in the Final Prospectus but not in the Final Preliminary Prospectus.

(e) As of its date and on the Closing Date, the Final Prospectus did not and will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Depositor makes no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus (or any supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information.

(f) At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Depositor or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2)) of the Offered Notes, the Depositor was not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405.

(g) Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as of its issue date, does not and will not include any information that conflicts or will conflict with the information then contained in the Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Depositor makes no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information. If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus there has occurred or does occur an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus would conflict with the information then contained in the Registration Statement or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (i) the Depositor has notified or will promptly notify the Underwriters and (ii) the Depositor has amended or supplemented or will promptly amend or supplement such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.

(h) The Depositor has complied with Rule 193 in connection with the offering of the Offered Notes.

(i) (i) Carvana or the Depositor has provided a 17g-5 Representation to each Rating Agency which satisfies the requirements of paragraph (a)(3)(iii) of Rule 17g-5 and a copy of which has been delivered to the Representative, and (ii) each of Carvana and the Depositor has complied and will comply with the 17g-5 Representation in all material respects other than any breach of the 17g-5 Representation arising from a breach by any Underwriter of the representation, warranty and covenant set forth in Section 4(e).

(j) Neither Carvana nor the Depositor has engaged any third-party due diligence service providers to provide any “due diligence services” (as defined in Rule 17g-10(d)(1) under the Exchange Act) or a Third-Party Diligence Report, other than the independent accounting firm with respect to the Accountants Report.

(k) The Accountants Report is, as among the parties to this Agreement, deemed to have been obtained by the Sponsor pursuant to Rule 15Ga-2(a) and (b) under the Exchange Act. Carvana or the Depositor has complied with and will timely comply with Rule 15Ga-2 and 17g-10 of the Exchange Act with respect to the Accountants Report, other than any breach arising from a breach by any Underwriter of the representation, warranty and covenant set forth in Section 4(e)(v), and has furnished a copy of the Accountants Report to the Representative within a reasonable period prior to furnishing such Accountants Report or portion thereof on the Commission’s EDGAR website.

(l) Carvana has complied with the Credit Risk Retention Rules, either directly or (to the extent permitted by the Credit Risk Retention Rules) through a majority-owned affiliate (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules).

 

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(m) Each of Carvana and the Depositor has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited liability company, in good standing under the law of its jurisdiction of formation, with full power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and conduct its business as described in the Disclosure Package, is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which its ownership, leasing or operation of its properties or assets or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, and has full power and authority to execute and perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the Notes, except where the failure to so qualify or be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(n) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed, and delivered by Carvana and the Depositor. As of the Closing Date, each Transaction Document to which Carvana, or the Depositor has been, or on the Closing Date will have been, duly authorized, executed and delivered by Carvana and the Depositor, as the case may be, and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the other parties thereto, will constitute a valid and binding agreement of Carvana and the Depositor, as the case may be, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be subject to or limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and except as enforcement thereof is subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

(o) The execution, delivery and performance by each of Carvana and the Depositor of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein do not and will not (i) conflict with or constitute a breach of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it may be bound, or to which any of its properties, operations or assets is subject, except for conflicts or breaches that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a material adverse effect on the Noteholders, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any lien, mortgage, pledge, charge, encumbrance, adverse claim or other security interest upon any of its property or assets except for those permitted by the Transaction Documents, and (iii) result in any violation of the provisions of its limited liability company agreement or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over it or any of its assets, properties or operations.

(p) Based on information currently available to, and in the reasonable belief of, the management of Carvana or the Depositor, there is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending or, to the knowledge of either Carvana or the Depositor, threatened, against or affecting either Carvana or the Depositor which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Final Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus (other than as stated therein or stated in a document incorporated by reference therein), or which might reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Noteholders; the aggregate of all pending legal or governmental proceedings to which the Depositor is a party or of which any of its properties or assets is subject which are not described in the Registration Statement, the Final Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, including ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, could not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Noteholders.

(q) When the Indenture is executed by all the parties thereto, the Indenture will be duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act.

(r) On the Closing Date, the Securities and the Transaction Documents will conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof and the statements relating thereto contained in the Final Preliminary Prospectus (as modified by any amendment or supplement thereto) and the Final Prospectus.

(s) The Notes have been, or on the Closing Date will have been, duly authorized and, on the Closing Date, will have been duly executed and, when authenticated, issued and delivered in the manner provided for in the Indenture, and with respect to the Offered Notes, delivered against payment of the purchase price therefor as provided in this Agreement, will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Issuing Entity, enforceable against the Issuing Entity in accordance with their terms, except as the enforcement thereof may be subject to or limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and except as enforcement thereof is subject to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law), and will be in the form contemplated by, and entitled to the benefits of, the Indenture.

(t) No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court, governmental authority or agency or any other person is necessary in connection with (i) the issuance of the Securities or the offering and sale of the Offered Notes, (ii) the authorization, execution, delivery and performance by each of Carvana and the Depositor of this Agreement, or (iii) the consummation by each of Carvana and the Depositor of the transactions contemplated hereby, except such as have been, or on the Closing Date will have been, obtained and are in full force and effect as of the Closing Date, except in the case of this clause (iii) for such violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Noteholders.

 

 

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(u) (i) Neither the Issuing Entity nor the Depositor is required to, nor will such entities be so required as a result of the offer and sale of the Securities, be registered as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act and, although there may be other exemptions or exclusions available to the Issuing Entity, the Issuing Entity will rely on the exemption from the definition of “investment company” set forth in Section 3(c)(5) under the Investment Company Act, and (ii) the Issuing Entity does not constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act.

(v) As of the Closing Date, the representations and warranties of each of Carvana and the Depositor in each Transaction Document to which it is a party will be true and correct and are hereby incorporated by reference herein and restated for the benefit of the Underwriters with the same effect as if set forth in full herein.

2. Purchase, Sale and Delivery of the Offered Notes. On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Depositor agrees to sell to the Underwriters, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Depositor, the respective principal balance of each class of Offered Notes set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter on Schedule I. Each class of Offered Notes is to be purchased at the respective purchase price expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount of the applicable class of Offered Notes set forth on Schedule I. The underwriting discount to the Underwriters, the selling concessions that the Underwriters may allow to certain dealers, and the discounts that such dealers may reallow to certain other dealers, each expressed as a percentage of the initial principal amount of the applicable class of Offered Notes sold to the Underwriters, shall be as set forth in Schedule I. In addition, Carvana will pay to Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated, as co-manager, a $40,000 fee.

3. Delivery and Payment. The Depositor will deliver the Offered Notes to the Representative for the account of the Underwriters against payment of the purchase price in immediately available funds, at the office of Mayer Brown LLP, 71 South Wacker Drive, 39th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60606, on the Closing Date. The global notes representing the Offered Notes shall be registered in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of DTC. The interests of beneficial owners of the Offered Notes will be represented by book entries on the records of DTC and participating members thereof. Definitive Notes representing the Notes will be available only under limited circumstances.

4. Offering by Underwriters; Representations and Covenants of the Underwriters.

(a) It is understood that the Underwriters propose to offer the Offered Notes for sale to the public (which may include selected dealers) as set forth in the Final Prospectus.

(b) The Underwriters have not provided and will not provide any ABS Informational and Computational Material to prospective investors.

(c) Each Underwriter, solely with respect to itself, represents that it has delivered to prospective investors (i) the Final Preliminary Prospectus and (ii) the Bloomberg Screen prior to or at the Applicable Time.

(d) Each Underwriter, solely with respect to itself, represents, as of the Closing Date, that other than any Preliminary Prospectus, the Final Prospectus and any Free Writing Prospectus identified on Schedule II, it did not provide any prospective investors with any “written communication” (as defined in Rule 405) that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy the Offered Notes, other than those identified on Schedule II; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, each of Carvana and the Depositor agrees that each Underwriter may disseminate without the approval of Carvana or the Depositor one or more “written communications” (as defined in Rule 405) in the form of (i) an Intex CDI file that does not contain any Issuer Information (as defined below) other than Issuer Information contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, (ii) the Bloomberg Information or (iii) information customarily included in confirmations of sales of securities and notices of allocations and information contemplated by Rule 134, which, in the case of clauses (ii) or (iii), each Underwriter, solely with respect to itself, represents shall not be required to be filed with the Commission (x) pursuant to the safe harbor provided by Rule 134 or (y) because such information is a Free Writing Prospectus that is not an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (each such written communication identified in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), an “Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus”).

(e) Each Underwriter severally and not jointly represents, warrants and agrees with Carvana and the Depositor that:

(i) in disseminating information to prospective investors, it has complied and will continue to comply fully with the Securities Act, including but not limited to Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act and the requirements thereunder for filing and retention of any Free Writing Prospectus, including retaining any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectuses they have used but which are not required to be filed for the required period;

(ii) prior to entering into any Contract of Sale, it shall convey the Disclosure Package to the prospective investor and it shall deliver a copy of the Final Preliminary Prospectus to any person who is expected to receive a confirmation of sale at least 48 hours prior to sending such confirmation in accordance with Rule 15c2-8 of the Exchange Act;

 

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(iii) it maintains sufficient records to document its conveyance of such information to the potential investor prior to the formation of the related Contract of Sale and shall maintain such records as required by the Securities Act;

(iv) immediately following the use of any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus containing any Issuer Information, and not less than one business day prior to the required date of filing thereof pursuant to Rule 433, it has provided the Depositor a copy of such Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus, unless such Issuer Information consists of the terms of the Notes or such information is not the final information to be included in the Final Prospectus;

(v) if a Defective Prospectus has been corrected with a Corrected Prospectus; it shall (i) deliver the Corrected Prospectus to each investor with whom it entered into a Contract of Sale and that received the Defective Prospectus from it prior to entering into a new Contract of Sale with such investor, (ii) notify such investor in a prominent manner that the prior Contract of Sale with the investor, if any, has been terminated and of the investor’s rights as a result of such agreement, and (iii) provide such investor with an opportunity to elect to enter into or not enter into a new Contract of Sale based on the information set forth in the Corrected Prospectus;

(vi) on and prior to the date of this Agreement, it has not delivered (or caused any person other than Carvana or any of its affiliates to deliver) any written Rating Agency Information to any Rating Agency or other NRSROs, other than with the express written consent of Carvana;

(vii) on and prior to the date of this Agreement, it has not requested (or caused any person other than Carvana or any of its affiliates to request) any Third-Party Diligence Report, it being understood that an independent accounting firm has been engaged by Carvana or the Depositor for the purpose of providing the Accountants Report;

(viii) on and after the date of this Agreement, it will not deliver (and will not cause any person other than Carvana or any of its affiliates to deliver) any written Rating Agency Information to any Rating Agency or other NRSROs, other than with the express written consent of Carvana; and

(ix) it has not communicated any Rating Agency Information orally to any NRSRO except in circumstances where an authorized representative of Carvana participated in such oral communications; provided, however, that if an Underwriter receives an oral communication from any NRSRO, such Underwriter is authorized to inform such NRSRO that it will respond to the oral communication with a designated representative from Carvana or refer such NRSRO to Carvana, who will respond to the oral communication.

(f) Each Underwriter, severally but not jointly, represents to and agrees with the Depositor that it has not offered, sold or otherwise made available and will not offer, sell or otherwise make available any Offered Notes, which are the subject of the offering to any UK Retail Investor in the United Kingdom. For the purposes of this provision:

(i) the expression “UK Retail Investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

(1) a retail client, as defined in point (8) of Article 2 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/565, as it forms part of the domestic law of the United Kingdom by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (as amended, the “EUWA”) and as amended;

(2) a customer within the meaning of the provisions of the FSMA and any rules or regulations made under the FSMA (such rules and regulations as amended) to implement Directive (EU) 2016/97, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client, as defined in point (8) of Article 2(1) of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, as it forms part of United Kingdom domestic law by virtue of the EUWA and as amended; or

(3) not a qualified investor (a “UK Qualified Investor”) as defined in Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129, as it forms part of United Kingdom domestic law by virtue of the EUWA and as amended (the “UK Prospectus Regulation”); and

(ii) the expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Offered Notes so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the Offered Notes.

 

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(g) Each Underwriter, severally but not jointly, represents to and agrees with the Depositor that it has not offered, sold or otherwise made available, and will not offer, sell or otherwise make available, any Offered Notes which are the subject of the offering to any EU Retail Investor in the European Economic Area. For the purposes of this provision:

(i) the expression “EU Retail Investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

(1) a retail client as defined in point (11) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II;

(2) a customer within the meaning of Directive (EU) 2016/97 (as amended), where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of Article 4(1) of MiFID II; or

(3) not a qualified investor (an “EU Qualified Investor”), as defined in Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 (as amended, the “EU Prospectus Regulation”); and

(ii) the expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Offered Notes so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the Offered Notes.

(h) The countries comprising the “European Economic Area” are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.

(i) Each Underwriter, severally but not jointly, represents, warrants and agrees that:

(i) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the FSMA) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of the Offered Notes in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the issuing entity or the Depositor; and

(ii) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the Offered Notes in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

5. Covenants of Carvana and the Depositor. Carvana and the Depositor, jointly and severally, covenant and agree with the Underwriters that:

(a) The Depositor shall furnish to the Underwriters without charge copies of the Final Preliminary Prospectus, the other Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus in each case as soon as available and in such quantities as the Underwriters may reasonably request, and the Depositor hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the Securities Act. The Depositor shall furnish to the Underwriters without charge, during the period mentioned in Section 5(e) below, as many copies of the copies of the Final Preliminary Prospectus, the other items of the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus and any supplements and amendments thereof or thereto as the Underwriters may reasonably request.

(b) The Depositor has filed or shall file each Preliminary Prospectus pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 424(h) not later than the third business day before the Applicable Time.

(c) The Depositor shall prepare and file the Final Prospectus pursuant to and in accordance with Rule 424(b) not later than the second business day following the Applicable Time.

(d) The Depositor shall advise the Representative promptly of any proposal to amend or supplement the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus and shall consult with them and their counsel with respect to any comments they may have on any such proposed amendment or supplement; provided, however, that no such advice or consultation shall be necessary for Exchange Act reports filed by the Depositor in the ordinary course that contain opinions, the Transaction Documents or related agreements, monthly distribution reports, annual reports and suspension of duty to report notices; provided, further, however, that the Depositor will not file any amendments to the Registration Statement as in effect with respect to the Offered Notes, or any amendments or supplements to the Final Preliminary Prospectus, or the Final Prospectus, without the Representative’s prior written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

(e) If, at any time when a prospectus relating to the Offered Notes is (or but for the exemption in Rule 172 would be required to be) delivered under the Securities Act in connection with sales by any Underwriter or dealer, any event occurs as a result of which the Final Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or if it is necessary at any time to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Final Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Depositor promptly shall (i) notify the Representative of such event and (ii) prepare and file with the Commission, subject to Section 5(d), an amendment or supplement which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance.

 

 

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(f) The Depositor represents and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Representative, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, represents and agrees with the Depositor that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Depositor, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Offered Notes that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a Free Writing Prospectus; provided, however, that the prior consent of the parties hereto shall be deemed to have been given with respect to the Free Writing Prospectuses included in Schedule II hereto, in the Intex CDI files as described in Section 4(d)(i) above, the Bloomberg Information and the information described in Section 4(d)(iii) above.

(g) The Depositor shall take such action in order to exempt the Offered Notes from the qualification for offer and sale under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of such jurisdictions as the Representative shall reasonably request and to pay all reasonable expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel) in connection with such exemption and in connection with the determination of the legality of the Offered Notes for purchase under the laws of such jurisdictions as the Representative may designate. Thereafter, until all of the Offered Notes have been retired, the Depositor shall arrange for the filing and making of, and shall pay all fees applicable to, such statements and reports and renewals of registration necessary in order to continue to exempt the Offered Notes for secondary market transactions in the various jurisdictions in which the Offered Notes were originally exempted for sale.

(h) To the extent, if any, that any rating necessary to satisfy the condition set forth in Section 6(e) is conditioned upon the furnishing of documents or the taking of other actions by the Depositor on or after the Closing Date, the Depositor shall furnish such documents and take such other actions.

(i) If, during the period after the Closing Date in which a prospectus relating to the Offered Notes is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, the Depositor receives notice that a stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or preventing the offer and sale of the Offered Notes is in effect, the Depositor shall advise the Representative of the issuance of such stop order.

(j) The Depositor will timely file with the Commission all documents required to be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and all documents and certifications required for the use of a registration statement on Form SF-3.

(k) Carvana will comply with the Credit Risk Retention Rules, either directly or (to the extent permitted by the Credit Risk Retention Rules) through a majority-owned affiliate (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules).

(l) Carvana and the Depositor will use the net proceeds from the sale of the Offered Notes as set forth in the Final Prospectus.

(m) Carvana and the Depositor each acknowledges and agrees that each Underwriter is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length contractual counterparty to Carvana and the Depositor with respect to the offering of the Offered Notes contemplated hereby (including in connection with determining the terms of the offering) and not as a fiduciary to, or an agent of, Carvana, the Depositor, or any other person. Additionally, no Underwriter is advising Carvana, the Depositor, or any other person as to any legal, tax, investment, accounting or regulatory matters in any jurisdiction. Carvana and the Depositor shall consult with their own advisors concerning such matters and shall be responsible for making their own independent investigation and appraisal of the transactions contemplated hereby, and no Underwriter shall have any responsibility or liability to Carvana, the Depositor, or any other person with respect thereto. Any review by the Underwriters of Carvana, the Depositor, the transactions contemplated hereby or other matters relating to such transactions will be performed solely for the benefit of the Underwriters and shall not be on behalf of Carvana, the Depositor, or any other party. Each of Carvana and the Depositor hereby waives to the full extent permitted by applicable law any claims it may have against the Underwriters arising from an alleged breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the offering of the Offered Notes and the transactions related thereto, as contemplated herein and in the other Transaction Documents, including the discussions and negotiations of the purchase price thereof set forth in this Agreement.

6. Conditions to the Obligations of the Underwriters. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Carvana and the Depositor contained in Section 1 and in certificates of any officer of Carvana delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by each of Carvana and the Depositor of their respective covenants and other obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions:

 

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(a) The Registration Statement has become effective and is effective under the Securities Act, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceedings for such purpose shall be pending before or threatened by the Commission and there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect in the condition of Carvana, the Depositor, or their subsidiaries, taken as a whole, from that set forth in (i) the Disclosure Package as of the Applicable Time and (ii) the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus; and the Representative, for the benefit of the Underwriters, shall have received, on the Closing Date, a certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by an executive officer of the Depositor, to the foregoing effect. The officer signing such certificate may rely on the best of his/her knowledge as to proceedings pending or threatened.

(b) The Representative, for the benefit of the Underwriters, shall have received the following, each in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Representative and, unless stated otherwise, dated as of the Closing Date:

(i) A letter, dated as of the date of the Final Preliminary Prospectus, with respect to the Final Preliminary Prospectus, and a letter with respect to the Final Prospectus, each of which is from a nationally recognized accounting firm reasonably acceptable to the Representative;

(ii) A certificate signed by an executive officer of Carvana in which such officer, to the best of his knowledge after reasonable investigation, shall state that the representations and warranties of Carvana and the Depositor in this Agreement and each Transaction Document are true and correct and that Carvana and the Depositor have complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder or thereunder at or before the Closing Date;

(iii) Opinions of Mayer Brown LLP, counsel to Carvana and the Depositor;

(iv) An opinion of Weiss Brown, PLLC, Arizona counsel to Carvana;

(v) An opinion of Beard Kultgen Brophy Bostwick & Dickson, PLLC, counsel to the Servicer;

(vi) An opinion of Snell & Wilmer LLP, Arizona counsel to the Servicer;

(vii) An opinion of Chapman and Cutler, LLP, counsel to the Indenture Trustee and Collateral Custodian;

(viii) An opinion of in-house counsel to the Indenture Trustee and Collateral Custodian;

(ix) An opinion of Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., counsel to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(x) An opinion of in-house counsel to the Asset Representation Reviewer;

(xi) An opinion of Michael Best & Friedrich LLP, counsel to the Backup Servicer;

(xii) Negative assurance letters with respect to the Disclosure Package as of the date hereof and with respect to the Final Prospectus of Mayer Brown LLP;

(xiii) Negative assurance letters with respect to the Disclosure Package as of the date hereof and with respect to the Final Prospectus of Sidley Austin LLP, counsel for the Underwriters; and

(xiv) Such information, certificates, and documents as the Representative may reasonably request.

(c) On the Closing Date, the Indenture shall have been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act.

(d) On the Closing Date, the Securities shall have been issued by the Issuing Entity.

(e) The Depositor shall have received the ratings letters that at least assign the ratings to the Offered Notes specified in the Ratings Free Writing Prospectus.

7. Indemnification and Contribution.

(a) Carvana and the Depositor, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriters, the directors, officers, employees and agents of the Underwriters (including, without limitation, with respect to any Form ABS-15G prepared and furnished to the Commission by or on behalf of any Underwriter, any signatory thereof, in his or her personal capacity (regardless of whether he or she signs such form on behalf of such Underwriter in its corporate capacity)), and each person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, expenses, and liabilities arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Road Show and any Form ABS-15G, any item of the Disclosure Package, or the Final Prospectus (including each amendment or supplement to each of the foregoing documents), or arising out of and based upon any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading, except insofar as any such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arising out of and based upon any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information.

 

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(b) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each of Carvana and the Depositor, their respective directors, officers, employees, and agents and each person, if any, who controls either Carvana or the Depositor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from each of Carvana and the Depositor to such Underwriter in Section 7(a), but only with reference to:

(i) Information in reliance upon or conformity with the Underwriter Information; and Carvana and the Depositor agree and acknowledge that the following items constitute the only “Underwriter Information”:

(1) The table relating to selling concessions and reallowances under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Final Preliminary Prospectus or Final Prospectus; and

(2) Information in the first sentence of the third paragraph and the second sentence of the fifth paragraph under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Final Preliminary Prospectus or Final Prospectus insofar as they relate to market-making transactions;

provided, however, that no Underwriter shall be liable to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any statement in or omission from any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with (A) any written information furnished to the related Underwriter by Carvana or the Depositor expressly for use therein, which information was not corrected by information subsequently provided by Carvana or the Depositor to such Underwriter prior to the time of use of such Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus, (B) any information accurately extracted from any Preliminary Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, which information was not corrected by information subsequently provided by Carvana or the Depositor to the related Underwriter prior to the time of use of such Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus or (C) the Issuer Information.

(c) If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 7(a)(ii) or Section 7(b)(ii), as applicable, effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request and (ii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.

(d) In case any proceeding (including any governmental investigation) shall be instituted involving any person in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to either of Section 7(a) or Section 7(b), such person (the “indemnified party”) shall promptly notify the person against whom such indemnity may be sought (the “indemnifying party”) in writing and the indemnifying party, upon request of the indemnified party, shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party to represent the indemnified party and any others the indemnifying party may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the fees and disbursements of such counsel related to such proceeding. In any such proceeding, any indemnified party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (i) the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the indemnifying party and the indemnified party and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from its own counsel for all such indemnified parties. Such counsel shall be designated in writing by the Underwriters in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 7(a) and by Carvana and the Depositor in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 7(b). The indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement (i) includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on any claims that are the subject matter of such action and (ii) does not include a statement as to, or admission of, fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of the indemnified party.

 

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If the indemnification provided for in this Section 7 is unavailable to an indemnified party under Section 7(a) or Section 7(b) or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by Carvana and/or the Depositor on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand from the offering of the Notes pursuant to this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of Carvana and the Depositor on the one hand and of the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions or circumstances which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable consideration. The obligations of Carvana and the Depositor under this Section 7 shall be joint and several.

The relative benefits received by Carvana and/or the Depositor on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the offering of the Offered Notes pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of the Offered Notes (before deducting expenses) received pursuant to this Agreement by the Depositor bears to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters under this Agreement. The relative fault of Carvana and the Depositor on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by either Carvana or the Depositor, as applicable, or by the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.

Each of Carvana, the Depositor and the Underwriters agrees that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the two preceding paragraphs. The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an indemnified party and referred to in the two preceding paragraphs shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter in respect of the Offered Notes underwritten by it and distributed to the public exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter would otherwise have been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters’ obligations in this Section 7 to indemnify and contribute are several in proportion to their respective underwriting obligations and not joint.

The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this Section 7 and the representations and warranties of each of Carvana and the Depositor, as applicable, in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i) any termination of this Agreement, (ii) any investigation made by any Underwriter or on behalf of any Underwriter or any person controlling any Underwriter or by or on behalf of either of Carvana or the Depositor, as applicable, together with its respective directors or officers or any person controlling such party, and (iii) acceptance of, and payment for, any of the Offered Notes.

8. Default by an Underwriter. If any one or more Underwriters shall fail to purchase and pay for any of the Offered Notes agreed to be purchased by such Underwriters hereunder and such failure to purchase or pay shall constitute a default in the performance of its or their obligations under this Agreement, the Representative may make arrangements satisfactory to the Depositor in its sole discretion for the purchase of such Offered Notes by other persons, including any of the Underwriters, but if no such arrangements are made by the Closing Date, the remaining Underwriters shall be obligated severally and not jointly to take up and pay for (in the respective proportions that the amount of Offered Notes set forth opposite their names in Schedule I bears to the aggregate amount of Offered Notes set forth opposite the names of all the remaining Underwriters) the Offered Notes which the defaulting Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase; provided, however, that in the event that the aggregate amount of Offered Notes which the defaulting Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase shall exceed 10% of the aggregate amount of all of the Offered Notes set forth in Schedule I, the remaining Underwriters shall have the right to purchase all, but shall not be under any obligation to purchase any, of the Offered Notes and if such non-defaulting Underwriters do not purchase all the Offered Notes, this Agreement will terminate without liability (except the Depositor’s liability under Section 9) to any non-defaulting Underwriter, the Issuing Entity or the Depositor (other than under Section 7). In the event of a default by any Underwriter as set forth in this Section 8, the Closing

 

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Date shall be postponed for such period, not exceeding seven days, as the Depositor shall determine in order that the required changes in the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements may be effected. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall relieve any Underwriter of its liability, if any, to the Depositor and any non-defaulting Underwriter for damages occasioned by its default hereunder.

9. Expenses.

Whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated, the Depositor shall pay or cause to be paid all costs and expenses connection with the transactions contemplated herein, including, without limitation, each of the following: (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package, the Final Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto; (ii) the preparation, reproduction and delivery to the Underwriters of this Agreement, each Transaction Document and each other document as may be required in connection with the issuance and delivery of the Offered Notes or the offering, purchase or sale of the Offered Notes; (iii) the fees and expenses of the counsel, accountants and other advisors of the Depositor and any of its Affiliates, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (iv) the qualification of the Offered Notes under state securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 5(g), including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection therewith; (v) any fees charged by investment rating agencies for the rating of the Offered Notes; (vi) the documented fees and expenses of the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee, including the reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of their respective external counsel in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (vii) the documented fees and expenses of counsel to the Underwriters; (viii) any documented out-of-pocket costs incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby; and (ix) the costs and expenses (including any damages or other amounts payable in connection with legal or contractual liability) associated with the reforming of any contracts for sale of the Offered Notes made by the Underwriters caused by a breach of the representation contained in Section 1(d) and Section 1(e).

10. Termination.

(a) This Agreement shall be subject to termination in the sole discretion of the Representative by notice to Carvana and the Depositor given on or prior to the Closing Date in the event that either Carvana or the Depositor shall have failed, refused, or been unable to perform any obligations and satisfy any conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder when such obligations or conditions were required to be performed or satisfied. If this Agreement shall be terminated by the Representative because of any failure or refusal on the part of either Carvana or the Depositor to comply with the terms or to fulfill any of the conditions of this Agreement, or if for any reason either Carvana or the Depositor shall be unable to perform its obligations under this Agreement, Carvana and the Depositor, jointly and severally, shall reimburse the Underwriters for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including the reasonable fees and disbursements of their outside counsel) reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Offered Notes.

(b) The Underwriters may terminate this Agreement at any time prior to the Closing Date if, in the opinion of the Representative, there shall have been (i) any change, or any development involving a prospective change, which would have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, operations or properties of Carvana or the Depositor which, in the reasonable judgment of the Representative, materially impairs the investment quality of the Offered Notes or makes it impractical to market the Offered Notes, (ii) any outbreak or material escalation of hostilities or other substantial calamity or crisis, the effect of which is a material adverse effect on the practicality or advisability of proceeding with the completion of the sale and payment for the Offered Notes, (iii) any trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange or the National Association of Securities Dealers National Market System shall have been suspended or materially limited, or minimum prices shall have been established on such exchange or market system, (iv) a material disruption has occurred in securities settlement or clearing services in the United States, or (v) a banking moratorium has been declared by either federal, New York or Arizona authorities. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section 10(b), the parties to this Agreement shall be released and discharged from their respective obligations under this Agreement without liability on the part of either the Underwriters or on the part of either of Carvana or the Depositor (other than under Section 7), and, notwithstanding Section 10(a), each party will pay its own expenses.

11. Survival of Certain Representations and Obligations. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of each of Carvana and the Depositor or its respective officers and of the Underwriters set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement will remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation, or statement as to the results thereof, made by or on behalf of the Underwriters or either of Carvana or the Depositor or any of their respective officers or directors or any controlling persons, and will survive delivery of and payment for the Offered Notes.

 

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12. Notices. All communications hereunder will be in writing, and, if sent to the Representative, will be mailed, delivered or sent by electronic mail and confirmed to the Representative at 550 S. Tryon Street, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202, Attention: James Brinkley or if sent to Carvana or the Depositor, will be mailed, delivered or sent by electronic mail and confirmed to it at 1930 W. Rio Salado Parkway, Tempe, Arizona 85281, Attention: General Counsel; email: [email protected].

13. Successors. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers and directors and controlling persons referred to in Section 7, and no other person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

14. Applicable Law; Waiver of Trial by Jury; Submission To Jurisdiction. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (EXCEPT SECTIONS 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW), AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, OR THE ACTIONS OF THE UNDERSIGNED IN THE NEGOTIATION, PERFORMANCE OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF. Each of the parties hereto submit itself and its property in any legal action or proceeding relating to this agreement, any documents executed and delivered in connection herewith or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, to the exclusive general jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York, the courts of the United States of America for the Southern District of New York, in each case sitting in the Borough of Manhattan, and appellate courts from any thereof.

15. Counterparts. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature, (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (the “UCC”) (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall, together, constitute one and the same instrument. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

16. Patriot Act. The Depositor acknowledges that in accordance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)), the Representative are each required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies its clients, including the Depositor, which information may include the name and address of its clients, as well as other information that will allow the Underwriters to properly identify its clients.

17. Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes.

(a) In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

(b) In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

18. Definitions. The terms which follow, when used in this Agreement, shall have the meanings indicated. Singular also includes the plural.

17g-5 Representation” means a written representation that satisfies the requirements of paragraph (a)(3)(iii) (A) through (E) of Rule 17g-5 of the Exchange Act.

 

12


ABS Informational and Computational Material” has the meanings given such term in Item 1101(a) of Regulation AB under the Exchange Act.

Accountants Report” means the Report of Independent Accountants on Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures identified on Schedule II.

Applicable Time” means the date and time identified on Schedule II.

BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. 1841(k).

Bloomberg Information” means, collectively, the information on Bloomberg to prospective investors relating to (A) information relating to the class, size, rating, price, CUSIPs, coupon, yield, spread, benchmark, status and/or legal maturity date of the Offered Notes, the weighted average life, expected final payment date, trade date, settlement date and payment window of one or more classes of Offered Notes, the prepayment speed and clean-up call information of the Offered Notes and the underwriters for one or more classes of the Offered Notes, (B) the eligibility of the Offered Notes to be purchased by ERISA plans, (C) any derivatives expected to be entered into in connection with the Offered Notes, and the weighted average life and payment window of one or more classes of Offered Notes and (D) a column or other entry showing the status of the subscriptions for the Offered Notes (both for the issuance as a whole and for each Underwriter’s retention).

Bloomberg Screen” means the Bloomberg Information contained in the Bloomberg screen identified on Schedule II.

Closing Date” means the date and time identified on Schedule II, or at such other time and place not later than seven full business days thereafter as the Representative and the Depositor determine.

Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Contract of Sale” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, Rule 159 of the Securities Act.

Corrected Prospectus” means a Preliminary Prospectus that corrects any material misstatements or omissions in a Defective Prospectus.

Covered Entity” means any of the following:

(i) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. 252.82(b);

(ii) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. 47.3(b); or

(iii) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. 382.2(b).

Credit Risk Retention Rules” means Regulation RR, 17 C.F.R. §246.1, et seq.

Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable.

Defective Prospectus” means a Preliminary Prospectus containing any untrue statement of material fact or omits or omitted to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained therein (when read in conjunction with all of the Disclosure Package) in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

Disclosure Package” means the following, taken as a whole (i) the Final Preliminary Prospectus, (ii) the Ratings Free Writing Prospectus, (iii) the Bloomberg Screen, (iv) any Issuer Information contained in any Underwriter Free Writing Prospectus, (v) any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, (vi) the Road Show, (vii) the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 12, 2022, regarding certain additional static pool information and (viii) any other Free Writing Prospectus that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Disclosure Package.

Dodd-Frank Act” means the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, as amended.

DTC” means The Depository Trust Company.

Effective Date” means with respect to any part of the Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment or amendments thereto and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement relating thereto, the date and time that such part of the Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment or amendments thereto and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement relating thereto became or becomes effective.

Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

 

13


Final Preliminary Prospectus” means the Preliminary Prospectus identified on Schedule II.

Final Prospectus” means the final prospectus relating to the Offered Notes that was first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) after the Applicable Time and otherwise satisfies Section 10(a) of the Securities Act. For the purposes of this definition, the Final Prospectus shall include the “Static Pool Information” set forth in Annex I thereto.

Form ABS-15G” means any Form ABS-15G furnished on EDGAR with respect to Rule 15Ga-2 and the transaction contemplated by this Agreement, whether prepared or furnished by Carvana, the Depositor, an Underwriter or otherwise, or any revision or amendment thereof or any supplement thereto.

Free Writing Prospectus” means a free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 405.

FSMA” means the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended.

Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 433, relating to the Offered Notes that (i) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Depositor or (ii) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) or (d)(8) because it contains a description of the Offered Notes or of the offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Depositor’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g).

Issuer Information” has the meaning given to such term in Rule 433(h)(2) and in clauses (1) – (5) of footnote 271 of Commission Release No. 33-8591 (Securities Offering Reform).

Material Adverse Effect” means with respect to any Person and to any event or circumstance, a material adverse effect on (i) the business, financial condition, operations or properties of such Person, (ii) the validity or enforceability against such Person of any Transaction Document or (iii) the ability of such Person to perform its obligations under any Transaction Document to which it is a party.

MiFID II” means Directive 2014/65/EU, as amended.

No-Action Letter” means the No-Action Letter, dated November 23, 2010, regarding Regulation AB Items 1103(a)(9) and 1120.

NRSRO” means a nationally recognized statistical rating organization.

Preliminary Prospectus” means any preliminary prospectus listed on Schedule II or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(h) that describes the Offered Notes and the offering thereof and is used prior to filing of the Final Prospectus. For purposes of this definition, information contained in a form of prospectus or preliminary prospectus that is deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430D shall be considered to be included in the Preliminary Prospectus only as of the Securities Actual time that form of prospectus or preliminary prospectus is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(h), and shall include the “Static Pool Information” set forth in Annex I thereto.

Rating Agency” means, as of any date, any NRSRO requested by the Depositor to provide a rating on the Notes which is rating the Notes on such date.

Rating Agency Information” means any information to a Rating Agency provided for the purpose of (a) determining the initial credit rating for the Offered Notes, including information about the characteristics of the Receivables and the legal structure of the Offered Notes, and (b) undertaking credit rating surveillance on the Offered Notes, including information about the characteristics and performance of the Receivables.

Ratings Free Writing Prospectus” means the free writing prospectus setting forth the ratings on the Offered Notes identified in Schedule II.

Receivables Purchase Agreement” means the Receivables Purchase Agreement, to be dated as of the Closing Date, between Carvana and the Depositor.

Registration Statement” means the registration statement referred to in Section 1(a) above, including exhibits incorporated by reference therein and any prospectus relating to the Offered Notes that is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 and deemed part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430D, as amended at the Applicable Time (or, if not effective at the Applicable Time, in the form in which it shall become effective), and, in the event any post-effective amendment thereto or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement becomes effective prior to the Closing Date, shall also mean such registration statement as so amended or such Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, as the case may be. Such term shall include any Rule 430A Information deemed to be included therein at the Effective Date as provided by Rule 430A.

 

 

14


Regulation AB” means Subpart 229.1100 – Asset Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§229.1100-229.1125, as such may be amended from time to time and subject to such clarification and interpretation as have been provided by the Commission in the adopting release (Asset-Backed Securities, Securities Act Release No. 33-8518, 70 Fed. Reg. 1,506, 1,531 (January 7, 2005)), in the adopting release (Asset-Backed Securities Disclosure and Registration, Securities Act Release No. 33-9638, 79 Fed. Reg. 57,184 (September 24, 2014)) or by the staff of the Commission, or as may be provided by the Commission or its staff from time to time.

Road Show” means the road show identified in Schedule II.

Rule 134”, “Rule 159”, “Rule 164”, “Rule 172”, “Rule 405”, “Rule 415”, “Rule 424”, “Rule 430A”, “Rule 430D”, “Rule 433”, and “Rule 462” refer to such rules under the Securities Act.

Rule 462(b) Registration Statement” means a registration statement and any amendments thereto filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) relating to the offering covered by the registration statement referred to in Section 1(a) hereof.

Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

Third-Party Diligence Report” means a report with respect to any third-party due diligence services (as defined in Rule 17g-10(d)(1) of the Exchange Act) relating to the Offered Notes.

Transaction Documents” means the Receivables Purchase Agreement, the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Receivables Contribution Agreement, the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Grantor Trust Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Backup Servicing Agreement, the Collateral Custodian Agreement and the Asset Representations Review Agreement.

Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.

U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

* * *

 

15


If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicate hereof, whereupon this letter and your acceptance shall represent a binding agreement between Carvana, the Depositor, and you in accordance with its terms.

 

Very kindly yours,
CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC
By:  

/s/ Paul W. Breaux

Name:   Paul W. Breaux
Title:   Vice President, Secretary
CARVANA, LLC
By:  

/s/ Paul W. Breaux

Name:   Paul W. Breaux
Title:   Vice President, Secretary

 

The foregoing Underwriting Agreement is hereby confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written by the undersigned acting on their own behalf and as a Representative of the several Underwriters.
WELLS FARGO SECURITIES, LLC
By:  

/s/ James B. Brinkley II

Name:   James B. Brinkley II
Title:   Managing Director

CRVNA 2022-P2 Underwriting Agreement (Signature Page)


SCHEDULE I

Underwriting

Underwriters and Purchase Amounts

 

Underwriter

   Class A-1
Notes
     Class A-2
Notes
     Class A-3
Notes
     Class A-4
Notes
     Class B
Notes
     Class C
Notes
     Class D
Notes
 

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

   $ 42,845,000      $ 96,924,000      $ 96,924,000      $ 50,970,000      $ 9,639,000      $ 9,168,000      $ 9,639,000  

BNP Paribas Securities Corp.

   $ 11,685,000      $ 26,434,000      $ 26,434,000      $ 13,900,000      $ 2,630,000      $ 2,501,000      $ 2,630,000  

Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.

   $ 11,685,000      $ 26,434,000      $ 26,434,000      $ 13,900,000      $ 2,630,000      $ 2,501,000      $ 2,630,000  

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

   $ 3,895,000      $ 8,811,000      $ 8,811,000      $ 4,634,000      $ 876,000      $ 834,000      $ 876,000  

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

   $ 3,895,000      $ 8,811,000      $ 8,811,000      $ 4,634,000      $ 876,000      $ 834,000      $ 876,000  

Santander Investment Securities Inc.

   $ 3,895,000      $ 8,811,000      $ 8,811,000      $ 4,634,000      $ 876,000      $ 834,000      $ 876,000  

Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated

   $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0      $ 0  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 77,900,000      $ 176,225,000      $ 176,225,000      $ 92,672,000      $ 17,527,000      $ 16,672,000      $ 17,527,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Purchase Price, Discounts and Concessions

 

     Class A-1     Class A-2     Class A-3     Class A-4     Class B     Class C     Class D  

Gross Purchase Price

     100.00000     99.99133     99.98846     99.78754     99.31340     99.11055     99.08356

Underwriting Discount

     0.25     0.25     0.25     0.25     0.25     0.25     0.25

Net Purchase Price

     99.75000     99.74133     99.73846     99.53754     99.06340     98.86055     98.83356

Maximum Dealer Selling Concessions

     0.15     0.15     0.15     0.15     0.15     0.15     0.15

Maximum Dealer Reallowance Discounts

     0.05     0.05     0.05     0.05     0.05     0.05     0.05

 

Schedule I-1


SCHEDULE II

Certain Information

Applicable Time

May 19, 2022 at 10:03 a.m. (New York City time)

Closing Date

May 25, 2022 at 11:00 a.m. (New York City time)

Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses

The Bloomberg Screen filed with the Commission as a Free Writing Prospectus on May 19, 2022.

The Ratings Free Writing Prospectus filed with the Commission as a Free Writing Prospectus on May 12, 2022.

Written Communications

“Written Communication” (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) Provided to Prospective Investors and Not Identified in Section 4(d):

The Road Show dated May 2022, relating to the Offered Notes.

Preliminary Prospectus

The Preliminary Prospectus, dated May 12, 2022, relating to a $605,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Offered Notes.

Accountants Report

The Report of a firm of independent certified public accountants on Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures, dated April 27, 2022, filed with the Commission on May 6, 2022 on Form ABS-15G.

 

Schedule II-1

Exhibit 4.1

 

 

 

Class A-1 1.506% Asset Backed Notes

Class A-2 3.33% Asset Backed Notes

Class A-3 4.13% Asset Backed Notes

Class A-4 4.68% Asset Backed Notes

Class B 5.08% Asset Backed Notes

Class C 5.44% Asset Backed Notes

Class D 6.28% Asset Backed Notes

Class N 4.37% Asset Backed Notes

Class XS Asset Backed Notes

 

 

INDENTURE

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2

Issuing Entity

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2

Grantor Trust

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

Indenture Trustee

 

 

 

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     3  

Section 1.1

  Definitions      3  

Section 1.2

  Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act      3  

ARTICLE II THE NOTES

     3  

Section 2.1

  Form      3  

Section 2.2

  Execution, Authentication and Delivery      4  

Section 2.3

  Temporary Notes      4  

Section 2.4

  Registration of Notes; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Notes      5  

Section 2.5

  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes      7  

Section 2.6

  Persons Deemed Noteholders      8  

Section 2.7

  Payment of Principal and Interest      8  

Section 2.8

  Cancellation of Notes      13  

Section 2.9

  Release of Collateral      14  

Section 2.10

  Book-Entry Notes      14  

Section 2.11

  Notices to Clearing Agency      15  

Section 2.12

  Definitive Notes      15  

Section 2.13

  Depositor as Noteholder      15  

Section 2.14

  Tax Treatment      15  

Section 2.15

  Special Terms Applicable to the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes      18  

ARTICLE III COVENANTS

     19  

Section 3.1

  Payment of Principal and Interest      19  

Section 3.2

  Maintenance of Agency Office      19  

Section 3.3

  Money for Payments To Be Held in Trust      19  

Section 3.4

  Existence      21  

Section 3.5

  Protection of Collateral; Acknowledgment of Pledge      21  

Section 3.6

  Opinions as to Collateral      22  

Section 3.7

  Performance of Obligations; Servicing of Receivables      22  

Section 3.8

  Negative Covenants      24  

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Section 3.9

  Annual Statement as to Compliance      25  

Section 3.10

  Consolidation, Merger, etc., of Issuing Entity; Disposition of Issuing Entity Assets      25  

Section 3.11

  Successor or Transferee      27  

Section 3.12

  No Other Business      27  

Section 3.13

  No Borrowing      27  

Section 3.14

  Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities      27  

Section 3.15

  Servicer’s Obligations      28  

Section 3.16

  Capital Expenditures      28  

Section 3.17

  [RESERVED]      28  

Section 3.18

  Restricted Payments      28  

Section 3.19

  Notice of Events of Default      28  

Section 3.20

  Further Instruments and Acts      28  

Section 3.21

  Indenture Trustee’s Assignment of Purchased Receivables      29  

Section 3.22

  Representations and Warranties by the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust to the Indenture Trustee      29  

Section 3.23

  Original Issue Discount Reporting      29  

ARTICLE IV SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

     30  

Section 4.1

  Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture      30  

Section 4.2

  Application of Trust Money      31  

Section 4.3

  Repayment of Monies Held by Paying Agent      31  

Section 4.4

  Duration of Position of Indenture Trustee      31  

ARTICLE V DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

     31  

Section 5.1

  Events of Default      31  

Section 5.2

  Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment      33  

Section 5.3

  Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Indenture Trustee      33  

Section 5.4

  Remedies; Priorities      35  

Section 5.5

  Optional Preservation of the Collateral      37  

Section 5.6

  Limitation of Suits      37  

Section 5.7

  Unconditional Rights of Noteholders To Receive Principal and Interest      38  

Section 5.8

  Restoration of Rights and Remedies      38  

Section 5.9

  Rights and Remedies Cumulative      38  

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Section 5.10

  Delay or Omission Not a Waiver      38  

Section 5.11

  Control by Noteholders      38  

Section 5.12

  Waiver of Past Defaults      39  

Section 5.13

  Undertaking for Costs      39  

Section 5.14

  Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws      40  

Section 5.15

  Action on Notes      40  

Section 5.16

  Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations      40  

ARTICLE VI THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE

     41  

Section 6.1

  Duties of Indenture Trustee      41  

Section 6.2

  Rights of Indenture Trustee      42  

Section 6.3

  Indenture Trustee May Own Notes      44  

Section 6.4

  Indenture Trustee’s Disclaimer      45  

Section 6.5

  Notice of Events of Default      45  

Section 6.6

  Reports by Indenture Trustee      45  

Section 6.7

  Compensation; Indemnity      45  

Section 6.8

  Replacement of Indenture Trustee      46  

Section 6.9

  Merger or Consolidation of Indenture Trustee      47  

Section 6.10

  Appointment of Co-Indenture Trustee or Separate Indenture Trustee      47  

Section 6.11

  Eligibility; Disqualification      48  

Section 6.12

  Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuing Entity      49  

Section 6.13

  Representations and Warranties of Indenture Trustee      49  

Section 6.14

  . The Indenture Trustee represents and warrants as of the Closing Date that:      49  

Section 6.14

  Indenture Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Notes      49  

Section 6.15

  Suit for Enforcement      50  

Section 6.16

  Rights of Noteholders to Direct Indenture Trustee      50  

Section 6.17

  Reports by Indenture Trustee      50  

ARTICLE VII NOTEHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS

     51  

Section 7.1

  Issuing Entity To Furnish Indenture Trustee and Paying Agent Names and Addresses of Noteholders      51  

Section 7.2

  Preservation of Information, Communications to Noteholders      51  

Section 7.3

  Reports by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust      52  

 

  iii   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Section 7.4

  Reports by Indenture Trustee      52  

Section 7.5

  Noteholder Communications      52  

ARTICLE VIII ACCOUNTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND RELEASES

     53  

Section 8.1

  Collection of Money      53  

Section 8.2

  Designated Accounts; Payments      54  

Section 8.3

  General Provisions Regarding Accounts      59  

Section 8.4

  Release of Trust Estate      60  

Section 8.5

  Opinion of Counsel      61  

ARTICLE IX SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

     61  

Section 9.1

  Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders      61  

Section 9.2

  Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Noteholders      63  

Section 9.3

  Execution of Supplemental Indentures      64  

Section 9.4

  Effect of Supplemental Indenture      64  

Section 9.5

  Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures      65  

Section 9.6

  Conformity with Trust Indenture Act      65  

ARTICLE X REDEMPTION OF NOTES

     65  

Section 10.1

  Redemption      65  

Section 10.2

  Form of Redemption Notice      65  

Section 10.3

  Notes Payable on Redemption Date      66  

ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS

     66  

Section 11.1

  Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc.      66  

Section 11.2

  Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee      68  

Section 11.3

  Acts of Noteholders      69  

Section 11.4

  Notices, etc., to Indenture Trustee, Grantor Trust, Issuing Entity and Rating Agencies      69  

Section 11.5

  Notices to Noteholders; Waiver      70  

Section 11.6

  Alternate Payment and Notice Provisions      71  

Section 11.7

  Conflict with Trust Indenture Act      71  

Section 11.8

  Effect of Headings and Table of Contents      71  

Section 11.9

  Successors and Assigns      71  

Section 11.10

  Severability      71  

Section 11.11

  Benefits of Indenture      71  

Section 11.12

  Legal Holidays      72  

 

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Section 11.13

  Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial      72  

Section 11.14

  Counterparts      72  

Section 11.15

  Recording of Indenture      73  

Section 11.16

  No Recourse      73  

Section 11.17

  No Petition      73  

Section 11.18

  Inspection      74  

Section 11.19

  Subordination      74  

Section 11.20

  Concerning the Owner Trustee      74  

ARTICLE XII - COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION AB

     75  

Section 12.1

  Information to be Provided by the Indenture Trustee      75  

Section 12.2

  Noteholder Demand for Asset Representations Review      76  

ASSIGNMENT

       13  

ASSIGNMENT

       11  

 

EXHIBIT A:    FORM OF CLASS A-1 / A-2 / A-3 / A-4 / B / C / D / N FIXED RATE ASSET BACKED NOTES
EXHIBIT B:    FORM OF CLASS XS NOTES
EXHIBIT C:    SERVICING CRITERIA
EXHIBIT D:    FORM OF INDENTURE TRUSTEE CERTIFICATION

 

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


INDENTURE, dated as of May 25, 2022 (this “Agreement” or this “Indenture”), among CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”), CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor Trust”), and COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as indenture trustee and not in its individual capacity (the “Indenture Trustee”).

Each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other parties and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Secured Parties (only to the extent expressly provided herein):

GRANTING CLAUSE

The Grantor Trust hereby Grants to the Indenture Trustee on the Closing Date, as trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties (only to the extent expressly provided herein), all right, title and interest of the Grantor Trust in, to and under the following property, whether now owned or existing or hereafter acquired or arising:

(a) the Third Step Transferred Property contributed to the Grantor Trust under the Receivables Contribution Agreement;

(b) the Transaction Documents;

(c) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all “accounts”, “investment property”, “deposit accounts”, “chattel paper”, “instruments”, “general intangibles” (each such term having the meaning set forth in the UCC); and

(d) all present and future claims, demands, causes and choses in action of the Grantor Trust in respect of any or all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all the foregoing, including all cash and non-cash proceeds and other property consisting of, arising from or relating to all or any part of the foregoing (collectively, the “Grantor Trust Collateral”).

The Issuing Entity hereby Grants to the Indenture Trustee on the Closing Date, as trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties (only to the extent expressly provided herein) the following property, whether now owned or existing or hereafter acquired or arising:

(a) all right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity in, to and under the Grantor Trust Certificate;

(b) all distributions on or in respect of the Grantor Trust Certificate;

(c) all right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity in the Reserve Account, the Collection Account, the Note Distribution Account, the Reserve Account Property, the Class N Reserve Account, until such time as the Class N Notes are no longer Outstanding, and all funds on deposit in or other investment property credited to the Collection Account and the Note Distribution Account from time to time other than Investment Earnings;

 

    

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(d) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all “accounts”, “investment property”, “deposit accounts”, “chattel paper”, “instruments” and “general intangibles” (each such term having the meaning set forth in the UCC);

(e) all right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity in, to and under the Receivables Transfer Agreement and the Receivables Purchase Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including all rights of the Depositor under the Receivables Purchase Agreement assigned to the Issuing Entity pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement;

(f) [reserved]; and

(g) all present and future claims, demands, causes and choses in action of the Issuing Entity in respect of any or all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion of any or all of the foregoing, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property, all cash proceeds, accounts, accounts receivable, notes, drafts, acceptances, chattel paper, checks, deposit accounts, insurance proceeds, investment property, payment intangibles, general intangibles, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations and receivables, instruments and other property which at any time constitute all or part of or are included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing (collectively, the “Issuing Entity Collateral” and together with the Grantor Trust Collateral, the “Collateral”).

The Grantor Trust hereby acknowledges and agrees to the Issuing Entity’s Grant of a security interest in the Grantor Trust Certificate.

The foregoing Grants are made in trust to secure the Secured Obligations, equally and ratably without prejudice, priority or distinction, except as otherwise provided in this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents, and to secure compliance with the provisions of this Indenture, all as provided in this Indenture. This Indenture constitutes a security agreement under the UCC.

The foregoing Grants include all rights, powers and options (but none of the obligations, if any) of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust under any agreement or instrument included in the Collateral, including the immediate and continuing right to claim for, collect, receive and give receipt for principal and interest payments in respect of the Receivables included in the Collateral and all other monies payable under the Collateral, to give and receive notices and other communications, to make waivers or other agreements, to exercise all rights and options, to bring Proceedings in the name of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or otherwise and generally to do and receive anything that the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust is or may be entitled to do or receive under or with respect to the Collateral.

The Indenture Trustee, as trustee on behalf of the Secured Parties and (only to the extent expressly provided herein) the Certificateholders, acknowledges such Grants and accepts the trusts under this Indenture in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.1 Definitions. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I and Part IV of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Indenture as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

Section 1.2 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

“indenture securities” means the Notes.

“indenture security holder” means a Noteholder.

“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Indenture Trustee.

“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Issuing Entity and any other obligor on the indenture securities.

All other TIA terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another statute or defined by Commission rule have the meaning assigned to them by such definitions.

ARTICLE II

THE NOTES

Section 2.1 Form.

(a) Each Class of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes), together with the Indenture Trustee’s certificate of authentication, shall be substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A and each of the Class XS Notes, together with the Indenture Trustee’s certificate of authentication, shall be substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit B, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are permitted or required by this Indenture and each such Note may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Notes, as evidenced by their execution of such Notes. Any portion of the text of any Note may be set forth on the reverse thereof with an appropriate reference thereto on the face of such Note.

 

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(b) The Notes shall be typewritten, printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods (with or without steel engraved borders), all as determined by the officers executing such Notes, as evidenced by their execution of such Notes.

(c) The terms of each Class of Notes as provided for in Exhibits A and B hereto are part of the terms of this Indenture.

Section 2.2 Execution, Authentication and Delivery.

(a) Each Note shall be dated the date of its authentication and shall be issuable as a registered Note in the minimum denomination set forth in Part IV of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

(b) The Notes shall be executed on behalf of the Issuing Entity by any of its Authorized Officers. The signature of any such Authorized Officer on the Notes may be manual or facsimile.

(c) Notes bearing the manual or facsimile signature of individuals who were at any time Authorized Officers of the Issuing Entity shall bind the Issuing Entity, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such office prior to the authentication and delivery of such Notes or did not hold such office at the date of such Notes.

(d) The Indenture Trustee, in exchange for the Grant of the Issuing Entity Collateral, shall cause to be authenticated and delivered to or upon the order of the Issuing Entity (an “Authentication Order”) Notes for original issue in the aggregate principal amounts set forth in Part IV to Appendix A of the Receivables Purchase Agreement. The aggregate principal amount of all Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) outstanding at any time may not exceed the amount set forth in Part IV to Appendix A of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

(e) No Note shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Note a certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth in Exhibits A and B, as applicable, executed by the Indenture Trustee by the manual signature of one of its Authorized Officers; such certificate upon any Note shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Note has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.

Section 2.3 Temporary Notes.

(a) Pending the preparation of Definitive Notes, if any, the Issuing Entity may execute, and upon receipt of an Issuing Entity Order the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, such Temporary Notes which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, of the tenor of the Definitive Notes in lieu of which they are issued and with such variations as are consistent with the terms of this Indenture as the officers executing such Notes may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Notes.

 

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(b) If Temporary Notes are issued, the Issuing Entity shall cause Definitive Notes to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of Definitive Notes, the Temporary Notes shall be exchangeable for Definitive Notes upon surrender of the Temporary Notes at the office or agency of the Issuing Entity to be maintained as provided in Section 3.2, without charge to the related Noteholder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more Temporary Notes, the Issuing Entity shall execute and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal amount of Definitive Notes of authorized denominations. Until so delivered in exchange, the Temporary Notes shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as Definitive Notes.

Section 2.4 Registration of Notes; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Notes.

(a) The Issuing Entity shall cause to be kept the Note Register, comprising separate registers for each Class of Notes, in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as the Issuing Entity may prescribe, the Issuing Entity shall provide for the registration of the Notes and the registration of transfers and exchanges of the Notes. The Indenture Trustee shall initially be the Note Registrar for the purpose of registering the Notes and transfers of the Notes as herein provided and shall initially be the Paying Agent. Upon any resignation of any Note Registrar or Paying Agent, the Issuing Entity shall promptly appoint a successor to act as Note Registrar or Paying Agent or, if it elects not to make such an appointment, assume the duties of Note Registrar or Paying Agent itself.

(b) If a Person other than the Indenture Trustee is appointed by the Issuing Entity as Note Registrar, the Issuing Entity will give the Indenture Trustee prompt written notice of the appointment of such Note Registrar and of the location, and any change in the location, of the Note Register. The Indenture Trustee shall have the right to inspect the Note Register at all reasonable times and to obtain copies thereof. The Indenture Trustee shall have the right to rely upon a certificate executed on behalf of the Note Registrar by an Authorized Officer thereof as to the names and addresses of the Noteholders and the principal amounts and number of such Notes. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, so long as Computershare Trust Company, National Association is acting as the Indenture Trustee hereunder, it shall act in the capacities of Note Registrar and Paying Agent.

(c) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Note at the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee or the Agency Office of the Issuing Entity, the Issuing Entity shall execute, the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the Noteholder shall obtain from the Indenture Trustee, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Notes of the same Class in any authorized denominations, of a like aggregate principal amount.

(d) At the option of the Noteholder, Notes may be exchanged for other Notes of the same Class in any authorized denominations, of a like aggregate principal amount; and upon surrender of such Notes to be exchanged at the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee or the Agency Office of the Issuing Entity, the Issuing Entity shall execute, and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the Noteholder shall obtain from the Indenture Trustee, such Notes which the Noteholder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


(e) All Notes issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of other Notes shall be the valid obligations of the Issuing Entity, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Notes surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

(f) Every Note presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall (if so required by the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee) be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee and the Note Registrar duly executed by, the Holder thereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, with such signature guaranteed by a commercial bank or trust company or by a member firm of a national securities exchange, and such other documents as the Indenture Trustee or Note Registrar may require.

(g) No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes, but the Issuing Entity or Indenture Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Notes, other than exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.3 or 9.5 not involving any transfer.

(h) By acquiring a Class A Note, Class B Note, Class C Note or Class D Note (or any beneficial ownership therein), each purchaser and transferee shall be deemed to represent and warrant that either (i) it is not acquiring the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of a Benefit Plan Investor or other plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) or (ii) the acquisition and holding of the Note will not give rise to a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or a violation of any Similar Law.

(i) By acquiring a Class N Note or Class XS Note (or any beneficial ownership therein), each purchaser and transferee shall be deemed to represent and warrant that (a) it is not acquiring or holding the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of a Benefit Plan Investor, and (b) either (i) it is not acquiring or holding the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of or on behalf of a plan that is subject to any Similar Law, or (ii) its acquisition and holding of the Note (or beneficial interest therein) will not give rise to a violation of any Similar Law.

(j) The preceding provisions of this Section 2.4 notwithstanding, the Issuing Entity shall not be required to transfer or make exchanges, and the Note Registrar need not register transfers or exchanges, of Notes that (i) have been selected for redemption pursuant to Article X, if applicable, or (ii) are due for repayment within fifteen (15) calendar days of submission to the Corporate Trust Office or the Agency Office.

(k) Sale, pledge or transfer of a Retained Note may be made to any Person. (i) A Person other than the Depositor or an Affiliate thereof acquiring a Retained Note or an interest therein shall be deemed to have made the representations set forth in Section 2.14; and (ii) no sale, pledge, or transfer of a Retained Note shall be made unless (A) counsel satisfactory to the Depositor has rendered an opinion to the Depositor and the Indenture Trustee to the effect that (1) such sale, pledge or transfer by the Depositor will not cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as

 

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a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes and (2) other than in the case of Class XS Notes, such Note constitutes indebtedness for United States federal income tax purposes and (B) the Depositor shall have provided prior written approval thereof. With respect to the opinion described in clause (ii)(A)(2) in the previous sentence, if an opinion of counsel was delivered with respect to other Notes of the same Class that were not Retained Notes regarding the characterization as indebtedness of such other Notes, then the opinion described in clause (ii)(A)(2) in the previous sentence must be delivered with respect to such Retained Note at the same (or greater) level of comfort as such opinion regarding such other Notes. If for tax or other reasons it may be necessary to track any Retained Notes after such transfer (e.g., if the Notes have original issue discount), tracking conditions such as requiring that such Notes have a separate CUSIP or be in definitive registered form may be required by the Depositor or the Administrator as a condition to such transfer.

Section 2.5 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Notes.

(a) If (i) any mutilated Note is surrendered to the Indenture Trustee or the Note Registrar, or each of the Indenture Trustee and the Issuing Entity receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Note and (ii) there is delivered to the Indenture Trustee and the Issuing Entity such security or indemnity as may be required by the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee to hold the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Issuing Entity, the Note Registrar or the Indenture Trustee that such Note has been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Issuing Entity shall execute and upon the Issuing Entity’s request the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note, a replacement Note of a like Class and aggregate principal amount; provided, however, that if any such destroyed, lost or stolen Note, but not a mutilated Note, shall have become or within seven (7) calendar days shall be due and payable, or shall have been called for redemption, instead of issuing a replacement Note, the Issuing Entity may make payment to the Holder of such destroyed, lost or stolen Note when so due or payable or upon the Redemption Date, if applicable, without surrender thereof.

(b) If, after the delivery of a replacement Note or payment in respect of a destroyed, lost or stolen Note pursuant to subsection (a), a protected purchaser of the original Note in lieu of which such replacement Note was issued presents for payment such original Note, the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to recover such replacement Note (or such payment) from (i) any Person to whom it was delivered, (ii) the Person taking such replacement Note from the Person to whom such replacement Note was delivered or (iii) any assignee of such Person, except a protected purchaser, and the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to recover upon the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee in connection therewith.

(c) In connection with the issuance of any replacement Note under this Section 2.5, the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee may require the payment by the Holder of such Note of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other reasonable expenses (including all fees and expenses of the Indenture Trustee) connected therewith.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


(d) Any replacement Note issued pursuant to this Section 2.5 in replacement for any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Issuing Entity, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Note shall be found at any time or be enforced by any Person, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Notes duly issued hereunder.

(e) The provisions of this Section 2.5 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes.

Section 2.6 Persons Deemed Noteholders. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any Note, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and any agent of the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in whose name any Note is registered (as of the day of determination) as the Noteholder for the purpose of receiving payments of principal of and interest on such Note and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Note be overdue, and neither the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee nor any agent of the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

Section 2.7 Payment of Principal and Interest.

(a) [Reserved]

(b) Prior to any acceleration of the Notes pursuant to Section 5.2(a), on each Distribution Date, the Paying Agent shall, solely in accordance with the Servicer’s Certificate for such Distribution Date made available by the Servicer, apply (i) the Available Funds for such Distribution Date, (ii) pursuant to Section 8.2(b)(iv), the Reserve Account Draw Amount, if any, for that Distribution Date solely in connection with the payment of clauses (i) through (xi) below, and (iii) pursuant to Section 8.2(b)(v), the Class N Reserve Account Draw Amount, if any, (A) prior to the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class N Notes solely in connection with the payment of clause (xiv) below for that Distribution Date and (B) upon the occurrence of the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class N Notes, solely in connection with the payment of clauses (xiv) and (xvi) below for that Distribution Date, to make the following payments and deposits in the following order of priority:

(i) the Servicing Strip Amount for the related Collection Period shall be used to pay the Servicer or any Successor Servicer, as applicable, the related Servicing Fee for such Distribution Date, and any Excess Servicing Strip Amount for such Distribution Date will be distributed to the Class XS Notes;

(ii) pro rata, (a) to the Backup Servicer, if the Backup Servicer has replaced Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC as servicer, any unpaid indemnity amounts due to the Backup Servicer as Successor Servicer, plus any unpaid transition expenses due in respect of the transfer of servicing to the Backup Servicer (including any boarding fees or other expenses payable by the Issuing Entity), provided that the aggregate amount of such indemnity amounts, fees and expenses paid pursuant to this clause (ii)(a) shall only be payable during the calendar year

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


beginning on the date that the Backup Servicer has replaced Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC as Servicer and will not exceed $150,000 in such calendar year, (b) to each of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Administrator, the Collateral Custodian and the Independent Accountant any fees, expenses and indemnity amounts due to each of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Administrator, the Collateral Custodian and the Independent Accountant and all unpaid fees, expenses and indemnity amounts from prior Collection Periods, provided that the aggregate amount of such indemnity amounts, fees and expenses paid pursuant to this clause (ii)(b) will not exceed (1) $125,000 in any calendar year to the Indenture Trustee and Collateral Custodian, (2) $75,000 in any calendar year to the Grantor Trust Trustee and Owner Trustee combined and (3) $9,000 in any calendar year to the Independent Accountant, (c) to the Asset Representations Reviewer, the fees, expenses and indemnities due and owing under the Asset Representations Review Agreement, which have not been previously paid in full, up to a maximum of $175,000 in any calendar year, (d) to each Rating Agency, annual surveillance fees not to exceed $27,750 in any calendar year and (e) $28,800 in any calendar year to the Financial Printer;

(iii) to the Backup Servicer, the Backup Servicing Fee;

(iv) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of interest on the Class A Notes, pro rata among the Class A Notes, the Aggregate Class A Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(v) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of principal on the Notes (other than the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes) in priority specified in Section 8.2(c), the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(vi) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of interest on the Class B Notes, the Aggregate Class B Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(vii) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of principal on the Notes (other than the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes) in the priority specified in Section 8.2(c), the Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(viii) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of interest on the Class C Notes, the Aggregate Class C Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(ix) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of principal on the Notes (other than the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes) in the priority specified in Section 8.2(c), the Third Priority Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

 

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(x) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of interest on the Class D Notes, the Aggregate Class D Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(xi) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of principal on the Notes (other than the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes) in the priority specified in Section 8.2(c), the Fourth Priority Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(xii) to the Reserve Account, the amount, if any, necessary to fund the Reserve Account up to the Specified Reserve Account Balance;

(xiii) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of principal on the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes), the Noteholders’ Regular Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(xiv) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of interest on the Class N Notes, the Aggregate Class N Note Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(xv) to the Class N Reserve Account, the amount, if any, necessary to fund the Class N Reserve Account up to the Class N Reserve Account Required Amount;

(xvi) to the Note Distribution Account, for the payment of the principal of the Class N Notes;

(xvii) pro rata, (a) to the extent not previously paid, to the Backup Servicer, if the Backup Servicer has replaced Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC as servicer, any unpaid indemnity amounts due to the Backup Servicer as Successor Servicer plus any unpaid transition expenses due in respect of the transfer of servicing to the Backup Servicer that are in excess of the related cap described under clause (ii) above (including any boarding fees or other expenses payable by the Issuing Entity), (b) to the extent not previously paid, to each of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Rating Agencies, the Administrator, the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Collateral Custodian, the Financial Printer and the Independent Accountant any unpaid fees, expenses and indemnity amounts due to each of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Rating Agencies, the Administrator, the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Collateral Custodian, the Financial Printer and the Independent Accountant that are in excess of the related caps described under clause (ii) above, (c) to the Backup Servicer, any unpaid expenses and indemnity amounts due to the Backup Servicer and (d) to the Servicer, any out of pocket costs and expenses due to the Servicer under the Asset Representations Review Agreement; and

(xviii) any remaining Available Funds will be deposited in the Certificate Distribution Account and applied by the Paying Agent under the Trust Agreement in accordance with the priorities set forth in the Trust Agreement, including distributions to the Certificateholders.

 

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(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default set forth in Section 5.1(a)-(g) hereof, but prior to acceleration of the Notes in accordance with Section 5.2(a) hereof, the cap on expenses and indemnities payable to the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee and the Collateral Custodian as set forth in Section 2.7(b)(ii)(b)(1) and (2) hereof will not apply. Following the occurrence of an Event of Default which has resulted in an acceleration of the Notes that has not been rescinded or annulled, all Available Funds shall be applied in accordance with Section 2.7(f) hereof.

(d) Each Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) shall accrue interest during each Collection Period at the related Interest Rate, and such interest shall be due and payable on each Distribution Date in accordance with the priorities set forth in Section 2.7(b) and Section 2.7(f). Interest on each Class of Notes (other than the Class A-1 Notes and the Class XS Notes) shall be calculated in the manner described in Part IV to Appendix A of the Receivables Purchase Agreement. Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, no Interest Rate may exceed the maximum rate permitted by law.

Subject to Section 3.1 hereof, any installment of interest or principal, if any, payable on any Note that is punctually paid or duly provided for on the applicable Distribution Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Note (or one or more Predecessor Notes) is registered on the related Record Date by wire transfer of immediately available funds so long as the Noteholder has provided the Indenture Trustee with the relevant account information at least five (5) Business Days prior to the related Distribution Date, and if such Noteholder has not so provided the Indenture Trustee with such information, then by check mailed first-class, postage prepaid, to such Person’s address as it appears on the Note Register on such Record Date; provided, however, that, unless Definitive Notes have been issued pursuant to Section 2.12 hereof, with respect to Notes registered on the Record Date in the name of the nominee of the Clearing Agency (initially, such nominee to be Cede & Co.), payment shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account designated by such nominee, and except for the final installment of principal payable with respect to such Note on a Distribution Date or on the related Final Scheduled Distribution Date, which shall be payable as provided below. The funds represented by any such checks returned undelivered shall be held in accordance with Section 3.3.

(e) All principal and interest payments on a Class of Notes shall be made pro rata to the Noteholders of such Class entitled thereto. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Indenture Trustee shall, before the Distribution Date on which the Issuing Entity expects to pay the final installment of principal of and interest on any Note, notify the Holder of such Note as of the related Record Date of such final installment. Such notice shall be mailed or transmitted electronically or otherwise made available prior to such final Distribution Date and shall specify, with respect to any Definitive Notes, that such final installment shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of such Note and shall specify the place where such Note may be presented and surrendered for payment of such installment.

 

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(f) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the unpaid principal amount of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) shall be due and payable, to the extent not previously paid, on the date on which an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, if the Requisite Noteholders have caused the Notes to be declared immediately due and payable in the manner provided in Section 5.2(a) hereof. Notwithstanding Section 2.7(b) hereof, on each Distribution Date following acceleration of the Notes due to an Event of Default, the Paying Agent shall apply or cause to be applied all Available Funds, and on the first Distribution Date following acceleration of the Notes, (1) the Reserve Account Draw Amount, solely in connection with payment of clauses (i) through (xii) below and (2) the Class N Reserve Account Draw Amount, solely in connection with payment of clauses (xiii) and (xiv) below, to make the following payments and deposits in the following order of priority:

(i) the Servicing Strip Amount for the related Collection Period shall be used to pay the Servicer or any Successor Servicer, as applicable, the related Servicing Fee for such Distribution Date, and any Excess Servicing Strip Amount for such Distribution Date will be distributed to the Class XS Notes;

(ii) pro rata, (a) to the Backup Servicer, if the Backup Servicer has replaced Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC as servicer, any unpaid indemnity amounts due to the Backup Servicer as Successor Servicer, plus any unpaid transition expenses due in respect of the transfer of servicing to the Backup Servicer, (b) to each of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Administrator, the Collateral Custodian and the Independent Accountant any unpaid fees, expenses and indemnity amounts due to each of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Administrator, the Collateral Custodian and the Independent Accountant and all unpaid fees, expenses and indemnity amounts from the prior Collection Periods, (c) to each Rating Agency, annual surveillance fees not to exceed $27,750 in any calendar year, (d) to the Asset Representations Reviewer, any fees, expenses and indemnity amounts due to the Asset Representations Reviewer, (e) to the Backup Servicer, any unpaid expenses and indemnity amounts due to the Backup Servicer, (f) to the Servicer, any out of pocket costs and expenses due to the Servicer under the Asset Representations Review Agreement and (g) $28,800 in any calendar year to the Financial Printer;

(iii) to the Backup Servicer, the Backup Servicing Fee;

(iv) to the Holders of the Class A Notes, pro rata among the Class A Notes, the Aggregate Class A Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(v) to the Holders of the Class A-1 Notes in respect of principal thereof until the Outstanding Amount of the Class A-1 Notes is reduced to zero;

(vi) to the Holders of the Class A-2 Notes, the Class A-3 Notes and the Class A-4 Notes, pro rata in respect of principal thereof until the Outstanding Amount of the Class A-2 Notes, the Class A-3 Notes and the Class A-4 Notes is reduced to zero;

 

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(vii) to the Holders of the Class B Notes, the Aggregate Class B Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(viii) to the Holders of the Class B Notes, in respect of principal thereof until the Outstanding Amount of the Class B Notes is reduced to zero;

(ix) to the Holders of the Class C Notes, the Aggregate Class C Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(x) to the Holders of the Class C Notes, in respect of principal thereof until the Outstanding Amount of the Class C Notes is reduced to zero;

(xi) to the Holders of the Class D Notes, the Aggregate Class D Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(xii) to the Holders of the Class D Notes, in respect of principal thereof until the Outstanding Amount of the Class D Notes is reduced to zero;

(xiii) to the Holders of the Class N Notes, the Aggregate Class N Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date;

(xiv) to the Holders of the Class N Notes, in respect of principal thereof until the Outstanding Amount of the Class N Notes is reduced to zero; and

(xv) any remaining Available Funds will be deposited in the Certificate Distribution Account and applied by the Paying Agent under the Trust Agreement in accordance with the priorities set forth in the Trust Agreement, including distributions to the Certificateholders.

(g) The Paying Agent hereby agrees that, with respect to any indemnification payments payable to the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to Section 2.7(b) or Section 2.7(f), if a subrogee thereof pursuant to Article VI of the Grantor Trust Agreement, requests such indemnification payments to be payable to such subrogee instead of the Grantor Trust Trustee, then the Paying Agent shall remit such indemnification payments at the direction of such subrogee.

Section 2.8 Cancellation of Notes. All Notes surrendered for payment, redemption, exchange or registration of transfer shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Indenture Trustee, be delivered to the Indenture Trustee and shall be promptly canceled by the Indenture Trustee. The Issuing Entity may at any time deliver to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation any Notes previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Issuing Entity may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Notes so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Indenture Trustee. No Notes shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Notes canceled as provided in this Section 2.8, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All canceled Notes may be held or disposed of by the Indenture Trustee in accordance with its standard retention or disposal policy as in effect at the time unless the

 

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Issuing Entity shall direct by an Issuing Entity Order that they be destroyed or returned to it; provided, however, that such Issuing Entity Order is timely and the Notes have not been previously disposed of by the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall certify to the Issuing Entity upon request that surrendered Notes have been duly canceled and retained or destroyed, as the case may be.

Section 2.9 Release of Collateral. The Indenture Trustee shall not release property from the Lien of this Indenture other than as permitted by Sections 2.7, 3.21, 8.2, 8.4 and 11.1, and otherwise only upon receipt of an Issuing Entity Request accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel (to the extent required by the TIA) and Independent Certificates in accordance with TIA §§ 314(c) and 314(d)(1). If the Commission shall issue an exemptive order under TIA Section 304(d) modifying the Indenture Trustee’s obligations under TIA Sections 314(c) and 314(d)(1), the Indenture Trustee shall release property from the lien of this Indenture in accordance with the conditions and procedures set forth in such exemptive order.

Section 2.10 Book-Entry Notes. The Notes, upon original issuance, shall be issued in the form of a typewritten Note or Notes representing the Book-Entry Notes, to be delivered to Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company, as the initial Clearing Agency, or its custodian, by or on behalf of the Issuing Entity, or in the case of Retained Notes, at the Depositor’s option, as Definitive Notes delivered to the Depositor or its representative. Such Book-Entry Note or Notes shall be registered on the Note Register in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of the initial Clearing Agency, and no Note Owner shall receive a Definitive Note representing such Note Owner’s interest in such Note, except as provided in Section 2.12. Unless and until the Definitive Notes have been issued to Note Owners pursuant to Section 2.12:

(a) the provisions of this Section 2.10 shall be in full force and effect;

(b) the Note Registrar, the Indenture Trustee and the Paying Agent shall be entitled to deal with the Clearing Agency for all purposes of this Indenture (including the payment of principal of and interest on such Notes and the giving of instructions or directions hereunder) as the sole Holder of such Notes and shall have no obligation to the Note Owners;

(c) to the extent that the provisions of this Section 2.10 conflict with any other provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of this Section 2.10 shall control;

(d) the rights of the Note Owners shall be exercised only through the Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between such Note Owners and the Clearing Agency or the Clearing Agency Participants. Unless and until Definitive Notes are issued pursuant to Section 2.12, the initial Clearing Agency shall make book-entry transfers between the Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit payments of principal of and interest on such Notes to such Clearing Agency Participants, pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement; and

 

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(e) whenever this Indenture requires or permits actions to be taken based upon instructions or directions of Holders of Notes evidencing a specified percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, the Clearing Agency shall be deemed to represent such percentage only to the extent that it has (i) received instructions to such effect from Note Owners or Clearing Agency Participants owning or representing, respectively, such required percentage of the beneficial interest in the Notes; and (ii) delivered such instructions to the Indenture Trustee.

Section 2.11 Notices to Clearing Agency. Whenever a notice or other communication to the Noteholders is required under this Indenture, unless and until Definitive Notes shall have been issued to Note Owners pursuant to Section 2.12, the Indenture Trustee shall give all such notices and communications specified herein to be given to Noteholders to the Clearing Agency and shall have no other obligation to the Note Owners.

Section 2.12 Definitive Notes. If (i) the Administrator advises the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Clearing Agency is no longer willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities with respect to the Notes and the Issuing Entity is unable to locate a qualified successor; (ii) the Administrator, at its option, advises the Indenture Trustee in writing that it elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Clearing Agency; or (iii) after the occurrence of an Event of Default, Note Owners representing beneficial interests aggregating at least a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class advise the Clearing Agency in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through the Clearing Agency is no longer in the best interests of the Note Owners, then the Clearing Agency shall notify all Note Owners and the Indenture Trustee of the occurrence of any such event and of the availability of Definitive Notes to Note Owners requesting the same. Upon surrender to the Indenture Trustee of the typewritten Note or Notes representing the Book-Entry Notes by the Clearing Agency, accompanied by registration instructions, the Issuing Entity shall execute and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate the Definitive Notes in accordance with the instructions of the Clearing Agency. None of the Issuing Entity, the Note Registrar or the Indenture Trustee shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, such instructions. Upon the issuance of Definitive Notes, the Indenture Trustee shall recognize the Holders of the Definitive Notes as Noteholders. The Issuing Entity represents that the Notes are of the type of debt instruments where payments under such debt instruments may be accelerated by reason of prepayments of other obligations securing such debt instruments.

Section 2.13 Depositor as Noteholder. The Depositor in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Notes of any Class and may otherwise deal with the Issuing Entity or its affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not the Depositor.

Section 2.14 Tax Treatment.

(a) The Depositor and the Indenture Trustee, by entering into this Indenture, and the Noteholders, by acquiring any Note or interest therein (except a Note or interest therein acquired by the Depositor or other person considered for U.S. federal income tax purposes the issuer of such Note), (i) express their intention that the Notes qualify under applicable tax law as indebtedness secured by the Collateral, and (ii) unless otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities, agree to treat the Notes as indebtedness secured by the Collateral for the purpose of federal income taxes (to the extent the Notes are treated as beneficially owned by a person other than the Issuing Entity), state and local income and franchise taxes, and any other taxes imposed upon, measured by or based upon gross or net income.

 

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(b) Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by its acceptance of a Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Note, agrees to provide to the Indenture Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Issuing Entity, as applicable, the Noteholder Tax Identification Information and, to the extent FATCA Withholding Tax is applicable, the Noteholder FATCA Information.

(c) Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by its acceptance of a Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Note, agrees that the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent on behalf of the Issuing Entity has the right to withhold any amounts of interest (properly withholdable under law and without any corresponding gross-up) payable to a Noteholder or holder of an interest in a Note that fails to comply with the requirements of Section 2.14(b).

(d) Each Noteholder or Note Owner acknowledges and represents that it is not a member of an “expanded group” (within the meaning of the regulations issued under Section 385 of the Code) that includes a domestic corporation (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) if such domestic corporation, directly or indirectly (through one or more entities that are treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as partnerships, disregarded entities, or grantor trusts), owns 80% or more of the capital or profits of the Issuing Entity.

(e) Each Noteholder or Note Owner represents and agrees that (A) if it is acting as a nominee or in a similar capacity, represents and agrees that no beneficial owner for which it is acting as a nominee owns less than the minimum denomination for such Note and (B) it does not and will not beneficially own a Note (or any beneficial interest therein) in an amount that is less than the minimum denomination for such Note.

(f) For the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes, each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of such Notes represents and agrees that (A) either (I) it is not and will not become for U.S. federal income tax purposes a partnership, subchapter S corporation or grantor trust (or a disregarded entity the single owner of which is any of the foregoing) (each such entity a “Flow-Through Entity”) or (II) if it is or becomes a Flow-Through Entity, then (x) none of the direct or indirect beneficial owners of any of the interests in such Flow-Through Entity has or ever will have more than 50% of the value of its interest in such Flow-Through Entity attributable to the interest of such Flow-Through Entity in the Notes, other interest (direct or indirect) in the Issuing Entity, or any interest created under this Indenture and (y) it is not and will not be a principal purpose of the arrangement involving the investment of such Flow-Through Entity in any Note to permit any partnership to satisfy the 100 partner limitation of Section 1.7704-1(h)(1)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations necessary for such partnership not to be classified as a publicly traded partnership under the Code, and (B) it will not transfer such Notes to a Flow-Through Entity (other than a Flow-Through Entity described in subpart (A)(II) above).

(g) For the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes, each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of such Notes represents and agrees that it shall not acquire or transfer any Class XS Note or Class N Note (or any interest therein) or cause any Class XS Note or Class N Note (or any interest therein) to be marketed on or through an “established securities market” within the meaning of Section 7704(b)(1) of the Code, including, without limitation, an over-the-counter market or an interdealer quotation system that regularly disseminates firm buy or sell quotations.

 

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(h) For the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes, each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of such Notes represents and agrees that, as a result of its own activities separate from those of the Issuing Entity, it would not be required to treat income from the Class XS Notes or Class N Notes as effectively connected to a United States trade or business of a person that is not a United States person (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), and it further acknowledges that no purchaser or beneficial owner of a Class XS Note or Class N Note shall provide the Issuing Entity with either an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) or an IRS Form W-8IMY (or successor form) to which an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) is attached (either directly or as part of another form attached to such IRS Form W-8IMY).

(i) For the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes, each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of such Notes represents and agrees that if any Class XS Note or Class N Note held by such Noteholder or Note Owner is required to be treated other than as described under this Indenture, then such Noteholder or Note Owner shall agree to the designation made pursuant to the Trust Agreement of the partnership representative (and the tax matters partner for any applicable state or local tax purposes) of any partnership in which such Noteholder or Note Owner is deemed to be a partner under Section 6223(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and any applicable Treasury Regulations thereunder.

(j) (A) For the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes, each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of such Notes shall provide to the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the depositor any further information required by the Issuing Entity to comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code, including Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law), (B) if such noteholder is not the beneficial owner of such Class XS Note or Class N Note, the beneficial owner of such Class XS Note or Class N Note shall provide to the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Depositor any further information required by the Issuing Entity to comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code, including Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and, to the extent the Issuing Entity determines such appointment necessary for it to make an election under Section 6226(a) of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law), hereby appoints the Noteholder as its agent for purposes of receiving any notifications or information pursuant to the notice requirements under Section 6226(a)(2) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and (C) to the extent applicable, each Noteholder and Note Owner of such Notes shall hold the Issuing Entity and its affiliates harmless for any expenses or losses (i) resulting from a beneficial owner of a Class XS Note or Class N Note not properly taking into account or paying its allocated adjustment or liability under Section 6226 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or (ii) that the Issuing Entity or its affiliates may suffer that are attributable to the management or defense of an audit under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or otherwise due to actions it takes with respect to and to comply with the rules under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law).

(k) Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of a Note, represents and agrees that it will not take any action that could cause, and will not omit to take any action, which omission could cause, the Issuing Entity to become taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

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(l) Each Noteholder or Note Owner agrees that any purported transfer of any Note or any beneficial interest in a Note that is not made in accordance with the restrictions set forth herein will be null and void from the beginning and will not be given effect for any purpose thereunder.

(m) Upon request from the Indenture Trustee or Paying Agent, the Administrator will use commercially reasonable efforts to provide such additional information that it may have to assist the Indenture Trustee in making any withholdings or informational reports.

Section 2.15 Special Terms Applicable to the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes.

(a) The Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes have not been or will be registered under the Securities Act or the securities laws of any other jurisdiction. Consequently, the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes are not transferable other than pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, or pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, and satisfaction of certain other provisions specified herein.

(b) Except in a sale, pledge or other transfer of the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes to the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor, pursuant to Section 2.15(a) or pursuant to an effective registration statement, no sale, pledge or other transfer of the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes or an interest in the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes may be made by any person other than (i) to a person who the transferor reasonably believes is a “qualified institutional buyer” (“QIB”) as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) and is purchasing for its own account (and not for the account of others) or as a fiduciary or agent for others (which others also are QIBs) and is aware that the sale to it is being made in reliance on Rule 144A, or (ii) to non-U.S. Persons as defined in Regulation S who are also QIBs.

(c) Each of the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes shall bear a legend to the effect set forth in subsection (b) above.

None of the Issuing Entity, the Note Registrar or the Indenture Trustee is obligated to register the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes under the Securities Act or the securities laws of any other jurisdiction or to take any other action not otherwise required under this Indenture, the Grantor Trust Agreement or the Trust Agreement to permit the transfer of any Class N Notes and any Class XS Notes without registration. The Issuing Entity, at the direction of the Depositor or the Administrator, may elect to register, or cause the registration of, the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes under the Securities Act or the securities laws of any other jurisdiction, in which case the Issuing Entity shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Indenture Trustee and the Note Registrar such Opinions of Counsel, Officer’s Certificates and other information as determined by the Depositor as necessary to effect such registration.

 

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ARTICLE III

COVENANTS

Section 3.1 Payment of Principal and Interest. The Issuing Entity shall duly and punctually pay the principal of and interest on the Notes in accordance with the terms of the Notes and this Indenture. On each Distribution Date and on the Redemption Date (if applicable), the Issuing Entity shall cause amounts on deposit in the Note Distribution Account to be distributed to the Noteholders in accordance with Sections 2.7 and 8.2, less amounts properly withheld under the Code (and applicable provisions of State, local or non-U.S. tax law) by any Person from a payment to any Noteholder of interest or principal. Any amounts so withheld shall be considered as having been paid by the Issuing Entity to such Noteholder for all purposes of this Indenture.

Section 3.2 Maintenance of Agency Office. As long as any of the Notes remains outstanding, the Issuing Entity shall maintain in Minneapolis, Minnesota, an office (the “Agency Office”), being an office or agency where Notes may be surrendered to the Issuing Entity for registration of transfer or exchange, and where notices and demands to or upon the Issuing Entity in respect of the Notes and this Indenture may be served. The Issuing Entity hereby initially appoints the Indenture Trustee to serve as its agent for the foregoing purposes. The Issuing Entity shall give prompt written notice to the Indenture Trustee of the location, and of any change in the location, of the Agency Office. If at any time the Issuing Entity shall fail to maintain any such office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Indenture Trustee and the Paying Agent with the address thereof, such surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee, and the Issuing Entity hereby appoints the Indenture Trustee as its agent to receive all such surrenders, notices and demands.

Section 3.3 Money for Payments To Be Held in Trust.

(a) As provided in Section 8.2(a) and Section 8.2(b), all payments of amounts due and payable with respect to any Notes that are to be made from amounts withdrawn from the Note Distribution Account pursuant to Section 8.2(c) shall be made on behalf of the Issuing Entity by the Indenture Trustee or by another Paying Agent, and no amounts so withdrawn from the Note Distribution Account for payments of Notes shall be paid over to the Issuing Entity except as provided in this Section 3.3.

(b) On or before each Distribution Date or the Redemption Date (if applicable), the Issuing Entity shall deposit or cause to be deposited in the Note Distribution Account pursuant to Section 2.7 an aggregate sum sufficient to pay the amounts then becoming due with respect to the Notes, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto.

(c) The Issuing Entity shall cause each Paying Agent other than the Indenture Trustee to execute and deliver to the Indenture Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Indenture Trustee (and if the Indenture Trustee acts as Paying Agent, it hereby so agrees), subject to the provisions of this Section 3.3, that such Paying Agent shall:

 

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(i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of amounts due with respect to the Notes in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and pay such sums to such Persons as herein provided;

(ii) give the Indenture Trustee notice of any default by the Issuing Entity (or any other obligor upon the Notes) of which it has actual knowledge in the making of any payment required to be made with respect to the Notes;

(iii) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Indenture Trustee, forthwith pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent;

(iv) immediately resign as a Paying Agent and forthwith pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums held by it in trust for the payment of Notes if at any time it ceases to meet the standards required to be met by a Paying Agent in effect at the time of determination; and

(v) comply with all requirements of the Code (and applicable provisions of State, local or non-U.S. tax law) with respect to the withholding from any payments made by it on any Notes of any applicable withholding taxes imposed thereon and with respect to any applicable reporting requirements in connection therewith.

(d) The Issuing Entity may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, by an Issuing Entity Order, direct any Paying Agent to pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Indenture Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which the sums were held by such Paying Agent; and upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Indenture Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

(e) Subject to applicable laws with respect to escheat of funds, any money held by the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the payment of any amount due with respect to any Note and remaining unclaimed for one year after such amount has become due and payable shall be discharged from such trust and be paid to the Issuing Entity on Issuing Entity Request; and the Holder of such Note shall thereafter, as a general unsecured creditor, look only to the Issuing Entity for payment thereof (but only to the extent of the amounts so paid to the Issuing Entity), and all liability of the Indenture Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such payment, may at the expense of the Issuing Entity cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than thirty (30) calendar days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining shall be paid to the Issuing Entity. The Indenture Trustee may also adopt and employ, at the expense of the Issuing Entity, any other reasonable means of notification of such payment (including, but not limited to, mailing notice of such payment to Holders whose Notes have been called but have not been surrendered for redemption or whose right to or interest in monies due and payable but not claimed is determinable from the records of the Indenture Trustee or of any Paying Agent, at the last address of record for each such Holder).

 

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Section 3.4 Existence. Each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall keep in full effect its existence, rights and franchises as a statutory trust under the laws of the State of Delaware (unless it becomes, or any successor Issuing Entity or successor Grantor Trust, as the case may be, hereunder is or becomes, organized under the laws of any other State or of the United States of America, in which case each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, or any successor, shall keep in full effect its existence, rights and franchises under the laws of such other jurisdiction) and shall obtain and preserve its qualification to do business in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is or shall be necessary to protect the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the Notes, the Collateral and each other instrument or agreement included in the Collateral.

Section 3.5 Protection of Collateral; Acknowledgment of Pledge.

(a) Each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall from time to time execute and deliver all such supplements and amendments hereto and authorize or execute, as applicable, and prepare, deliver and file all such financing statements, continuation statements, instruments of further assurance and other instruments, and shall take such other action necessary or advisable to:

(i) maintain or preserve the Lien (and the priority thereof) of this Indenture or carry out more effectively the purposes hereof;

(ii) perfect, publish notice of or protect the validity of any Grant made or to be made by this Indenture and the priority thereof;

(iii) enforce the rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders in any of the Collateral; or

(iv) preserve and defend title to the Collateral and the rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Secured Parties in such Collateral against the claims of all persons and parties, and the Issuing Entity hereby designates the Indenture Trustee its agent and attorney-in-fact to authorize or execute any financing statement, continuation statement or other instrument required by this Section 3.5; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee shall not be obligated to execute or authorize such instruments except upon the written direction from the Administrator or the Issuing Entity.

(b) The Indenture Trustee acknowledges the pledge by the Issuing Entity to the Indenture Trustee, pursuant to the Granting Clause of this Indenture, of all of the Issuing Entity’s right, title and interest in and to (i) the Class N Reserve Account, so long as the Class N Notes remain Outstanding and (ii) the Reserve Account, so long as the Class D Notes remain Outstanding, in order to provide for the payment to the Securityholders and the Servicer in accordance with Section 2.7 and to assure availability of the amounts maintained in the Class N Reserve Account and the Reserve Account for the benefit of the Securityholders and the Servicer.

 

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(c) Each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust hereby authorizes the Indenture Trustee to file all financing statements naming the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, as applicable, as debtor that are necessary or advisable to perfect, make effective or continue the lien and security interest of this Indenture, and authorizes the Indenture Trustee to take any such action without its signature, it being understood that the Indenture Trustee has no obligation to effect any filings of financing or continuation statements.

Section 3.6 Opinions as to Collateral.

(a) On the Closing Date, the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, such action has been taken with respect to the recording and filing of this Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents, and with respect to the authorization, execution and filing of any financing statements and continuation statements as are necessary to perfect and make effective the Lien of this Indenture and reciting the details of such action.

(b) On or before April 30 (and, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) in each calendar year, beginning April 30, 2023, the Issuing Entity shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel either stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, such action has been taken with respect to the recording, filing, re-recording and refiling of this Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents and with respect to the authorization, execution and filing of any financing statements and continuation statements as is necessary to maintain the Lien created by this Indenture and reciting the details of such action or stating that in the opinion of such counsel no such action is necessary to maintain the Lien created by this Indenture. Such Opinion of Counsel shall also describe the recording, filing, re-recording and refiling of this Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents and the authorization, execution and filing of any financing statements and continuation statements that will, in the opinion of such counsel, be required to maintain the Lien of this Indenture until April 30 in the following calendar year.

Section 3.7 Performance of Obligations; Servicing of Receivables.

(a) Neither the Issuing Entity nor the Grantor Trust shall take any action and each shall use commercially reasonable efforts not to permit any action to be taken by others that would release any Person from any of such Person’s material covenants or obligations under any instrument or agreement included in the Collateral or that would result in the amendment, hypothecation, subordination, termination or discharge of, or impair the validity or effectiveness of, any such instrument or agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided in, or permitted by, this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents or such other instrument or agreement.

(b) Either of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust may contract with other Persons to assist it in performing its duties under this Indenture, and any performance of such duties by any such person shall be deemed to be action taken by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable. Initially, the Issuing Entity has contracted with the Servicer and the Administrator to assist the Issuing Entity in performing its duties under this Indenture, and each Noteholder acknowledges that the Administrator is acceptable to it. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that unless otherwise notified by an Authorized Officer of the Issuing Entity, the Administrator shall be entitled to provide notices and directions on behalf of, and otherwise act for or on behalf of, the Issuing Entity for all purposes under this Indenture, and, unless otherwise specified herein, each such party shall be entitled to conclusively rely on any notice or direction received from an Authorized Officer of the Administrator as having been originated by the Issuing Entity.

 

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(c) Each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall punctually perform and observe all of its obligations and agreements contained in this Indenture, the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and in the instruments and agreements included in the Collateral, including filing or causing to be filed all UCC financing statements and continuation statements required to be filed by the terms of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party in accordance with and within the time periods provided for herein and therein.

(d) If the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust shall have actual knowledge of the occurrence of a Servicer Termination Event under the Servicing Agreement, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable, shall promptly notify the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies, and shall specify in such notice the response or action, if any, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable, plans to take with respect of such Servicer Termination Event.

(e) Without derogating from the absolute nature of the assignment granted to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture or the rights of the Indenture Trustee hereunder, each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust agrees that, except as permitted by the Transaction Documents, it shall not, without the prior written consent of the Indenture Trustee or acting at the direction of the Holders of at least a majority in Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, as applicable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture, (i) amend, modify, waive, supplement, terminate or surrender, or agree to any amendment, modification, supplement, termination, waiver or surrender of, the terms of any Collateral or any of the Transaction Documents, or (ii) waive timely performance or observance by the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement, the Depositor under the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Collateral Custodian under the Custodial Agreement, the Administrator under the Administration Agreement or the Sponsor or the Depositor under the Receivables Purchase Agreement, unless such amendment is made:

(i) to correct or amplify the description of any property at any time subject to the Lien of this Indenture, or better to assure, convey and confirm unto the Indenture Trustee any property subject or required to be subjected to the Lien of this Indenture;

(ii) to subject additional property to the Lien of this Indenture, provided that in the case of this clause (ii), the consent of the Certificateholders shall be required;

(iii) to add to the covenants of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, for the benefit of the Securityholders or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Issuing Entity;

(iv) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any property to or with the Indenture Trustee;

 

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(v) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein or in any Transaction Document which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein or in any supplemental indenture or in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum or any other Transaction Document; or

(vi) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the appointment hereunder by a successor or additional trustee with respect to the Notes and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Article VI.

Section 3.8 Negative Covenants. So long as any Notes are Outstanding, neither the Issuing Entity nor the Grantor Trust shall:

(a) sell, transfer, exchange or otherwise dispose of any of the properties or assets of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, except as permitted in Section 3.10(b) and except the Issuing Entity may cause the Servicer to (i) collect, liquidate, sell or otherwise dispose of Receivables (including Purchased Receivables and Charged-Off Receivables), (ii) make cash payments out of the Designated Accounts and the Certificate Distribution Account and (iii) take other actions, in each case as permitted by the Transaction Documents;

(b) claim any credit on, or make any deduction from the principal or interest payable in respect of the Notes (other than amounts properly withheld from such payments under the Code or applicable provisions of State, local or non-U.S. tax law) or assert any claim against any present or former Noteholder by reason of the payment of the taxes levied or assessed upon any part of the Collateral;

(c) voluntarily commence any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or other proceeding, or apply for an order by a court or agency or supervisory authority for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs or any other event specified in Section 5.1(f); or

(d) either (i) permit the validity or effectiveness of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document to be impaired, or permit the Lien of this Indenture to be amended, hypothecated, subordinated, terminated or discharged, or permit any Person to be released from any covenants or obligations with respect to the Notes under this Indenture except as may be expressly permitted hereby, (ii) permit any Lien (other than the Permitted Liens and the Lien of this Indenture) to be created on or extend to or otherwise arise upon or burden the Collateral or any part thereof or any interest therein or the proceeds thereof (other than tax liens, mechanics’ liens and other liens that arise by operation of law, in each case on a Financed Vehicle and arising solely as a result of an action or omission of the related Obligor), or (iii) permit the Lien of this Indenture not to constitute a valid first priority security interest in the Collateral (other than with respect to any such tax, mechanics’ or other lien).

 

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Section 3.9 Annual Statement as to Compliance. The Issuing Entity shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee on or before April 30 (and, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning April 30, 2023, an Officer’s Certificate signed by an Authorized Officer, dated as of December 31 of the immediately preceding year, in each case stating that:

(a) a review of the activities of the Issuing Entity during the preceding 12-month period (or, with respect to the first such Officer’s Certificate, such period as shall have elapsed since the Closing Date) and of performance under this Indenture has been made under such Authorized Officer’s supervision; and

(b) to the best of such Authorized Officer’s knowledge, based on such review, the Issuing Entity has fulfilled all of its obligations under this Indenture in all material respects throughout such period, or, if there has been a default in the fulfillment of any such obligation, specifying each such default known to such Authorized Officer and the nature and status thereof.

Section 3.10 Consolidation, Merger, etc., of Issuing Entity; Disposition of Issuing Entity Assets.

(a) The Issuing Entity shall not consolidate or merge with or into any other Person, unless:

(i) the Person (if other than the Issuing Entity) formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger shall be a Person organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, or any State and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Indenture Trustee, the due and timely payment of the principal of and interest on all Notes and the performance or observance of every agreement and covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Issuing Entity to be performed or observed, all as provided herein;

(ii) immediately after giving effect to such merger or consolidation, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;

(iii) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to such transaction and such Person;

(iv) any action as is necessary to maintain the Lien created by this Indenture shall have been taken; and

(v) the Issuing Entity shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel addressed to the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee, each stating:

(A) that such consolidation or merger and such supplemental indenture comply with this Section 3.10;

 

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(B) that such consolidation or merger and such supplemental indenture shall have no material adverse tax consequence to the Issuing Entity or any Financial Party; and

(C) that all conditions precedent herein provided for in this Section 3.10 have been complied with, which shall include any filing required by the Exchange Act.

(b) Except as otherwise expressly permitted by this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents, the Issuing Entity shall not sell, convey, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets, including those included in the Collateral, to any Person, unless:

(i) the Person that acquires such properties or assets of the Issuing Entity (1) shall be a United States citizen or a Person organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State and (2) by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Indenture Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee:

(A) expressly assumes the due and punctual payment of the principal of and interest on all Notes and the performance or observance of every agreement and covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Issuing Entity to be performed or observed, all as provided herein;

(B) expressly agrees that all right, title and interest so sold, conveyed, exchanged, transferred or otherwise disposed of shall be subject and subordinate to the rights of the Secured Parties; and

(C) unless otherwise provided in such supplemental indenture, expressly agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Issuing Entity against and from any loss, liability or expense arising under or related to this Indenture and expressly agrees that such Person (or if a group of Persons, then one specified Person) shall make all filings with the Commission (and any other appropriate Person) required by the Exchange Act in connection with the Notes;

(ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;

(iii) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to such transaction and such Person;

(iv) any action as is necessary to maintain the Lien created by this Indenture shall have been taken; and

 

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(v) the Issuing Entity shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel addressed to the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee, each stating that:

(A) such sale, conveyance, exchange, transfer or disposition and such supplemental indenture comply with this Section 3.10;

(B) such sale, conveyance, exchange, transfer or disposition and such supplemental indenture have no material adverse tax consequence to the Issuing Entity or to any Financial Parties; and

(C) all conditions precedent herein provided for in this Section 3.10 have been complied with, which shall include any filing required by the Exchange Act.

Section 3.11 Successor or Transferee.

(a) Upon any consolidation or merger of the Issuing Entity in accordance with Section 3.10(a), the Person formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger (if other than the Issuing Entity) shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Issuing Entity under this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Person had been named as the Issuing Entity herein.

(b) Upon a conveyance or transfer of substantially all the assets and properties of the Issuing Entity pursuant to Section 3.10(b), the Issuing Entity shall be released from every covenant and agreement of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to be observed or performed on the part of the Issuing Entity with respect to the Notes immediately upon the delivery of written notice to the Indenture Trustee from the Person acquiring such assets and properties stating that the Issuing Entity is to be so released, subject to any survival provisions contained herein.

Section 3.12 No Other Business. The Issuing Entity shall not engage in any business or activity other than acquiring, holding and managing the Collateral and the proceeds therefrom in the manner contemplated by the Transaction Documents, issuing the Notes and the Certificates, making payments on the Notes and the Certificates and such other activities that are necessary, suitable or convenient to accomplish the foregoing or are incidental thereto, as set forth in Section 2.3 of the Trust Agreement.

Section 3.13 No Borrowing. The Issuing Entity shall not issue, incur, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable, directly or indirectly, for any indebtedness for money borrowed other than indebtedness for money borrowed in respect of the Notes or otherwise in accordance with the Transaction Documents.

Section 3.14 Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities. Except as contemplated by this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents, neither the Issuing Entity nor the Grantor Trust shall make any loan or advance or credit to, or guarantee (directly or indirectly or by an instrument having the effect of assuring another’s payment or performance on any obligation or capability of so doing or otherwise), endorse or otherwise become contingently liable, directly or indirectly, in connection with the obligations, stocks or dividends of, or own, purchase, repurchase or acquire (or agree contingently to do so) any stock, obligations, assets or securities of, or any other interest in, or make any capital contribution to, any other Person.

 

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Section 3.15 Servicers Obligations. The Issuing Entity shall use its best efforts to cause the Servicer to comply with its obligations under Section 2.1 of the Servicing Agreement.

Section 3.16 Capital Expenditures. The Issuing Entity shall not make any expenditure (whether by long-term or operating lease or otherwise) for capital assets (either real, personal or intangible property) other than the purchase of the Receivables and other property and rights from the Depositor pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Section 3.17 [RESERVED].

Section 3.18 Restricted Payments. Except for payments of principal or interest on or redemption of the Notes, so long as any Notes are Outstanding, the Issuing Entity shall not, directly or indirectly:

(a) pay any dividend or make any distribution (by reduction of capital or otherwise), whether in cash, property, securities or a combination thereof, to the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or otherwise, in each case with respect to any ownership or equity interest or similar security in or of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable;

(b) redeem, purchase, retire or otherwise acquire for value any such ownership or equity interest or similar security; or

(c) set aside or otherwise segregate any amounts for any such purpose; provided, however, that the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust may make, or cause to be made, distributions to the Servicer, the Depositor, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Backup Servicer, the Collateral Custodian, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder and the Financial Parties as permitted by, and to the extent funds are available for such purpose under, this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents. Neither the Issuing Entity nor the Grantor Trust shall, directly or indirectly, make payments to or distributions from the Collection Account except in accordance with this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents.

Section 3.19 Notice of Events of Default. The Issuing Entity agrees to give the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies prompt written notice of each Event of Default hereunder, each Servicer Termination Event, each default on the part of the Servicer of its obligations under the Servicing Agreement, each default on the part of the Depositor of its obligations under the Receivables Transfer Agreement and each default on the part of the Seller of its obligations under the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Section 3.20 Further Instruments and Acts. Upon request of the Indenture Trustee, each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purpose of this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents.

 

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Section 3.21 Indenture Trustees Assignment of Purchased Receivables. Upon receipt of the Purchase Amount or the Liquidation Proceeds with respect to a Receivable, as the case may be, the Servicer, the Seller, the Depositor, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or the purchaser and assignee of the Charged-Off Receivable, as applicable, shall thereupon own such purchased or repurchased Receivable and all monies due thereon. Any such Receivable shall be deemed to be automatically released from the Lien of this Indenture without any action being taken by the Indenture Trustee upon payment of the Purchase Amount or upon receipt of the Proceeds or Liquidation Proceeds, as applicable, and the Servicer, the Seller, the Depositor, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or purchaser or assignee of the Charged-Off Receivable, as applicable, shall own such Receivable and all such security and documents, free of any further obligation to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders or the Certificateholders with respect thereto. If in any enforcement suit or legal proceeding it is held that the Servicer or other purchaser of a Receivable may not enforce a Receivable on the ground that it is not a real party in interest or a holder entitled to enforce the Receivable, the Indenture Trustee shall, at the Servicer’s or such other purchaser’s or assignee’s expense and written direction, as applicable, take such steps as the Servicer or such other purchaser or assignee deems reasonably necessary to enforce the Receivable, including bringing suit in the Indenture Trustee’s name or the names of the Noteholders or, pursuant to Section 4.4, the Certificateholders.

Section 3.22 Representations and Warranties by the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust to the Indenture Trustee. On the date hereof, each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust represents and warrants to the Indenture Trustee as follows:

(a) Good Title. No Receivable has been sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, respectively, to any Person other than the Indenture Trustee; immediately prior to the conveyance of the Receivables pursuant to this Indenture, the Grantor Trust had good and marketable title thereto, free of any Lien; and, upon execution and delivery of this Indenture by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee shall have a Lien on all of the right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity in, to and under the Receivables, the unpaid indebtedness evidenced thereby and the collateral security therefor, and such right, title and interest are free of any Lien other than the Lien of this Indenture. The Issuing Entity owns 100% of the beneficial interests in the Grantor Trust. The Grantor Trust has no subsidiaries.

(b) All Filings Made. All filings (including UCC filings) necessary in any jurisdiction to give the Indenture Trustee a first priority perfected security interest in the Receivables shall have been made or will be made within ten (10) calendar days of the Closing Date.

Section 3.23 Original Issue Discount Reporting. The Issuing Entity shall supply (or cause the Administrator on its behalf to supply) to the Indenture Trustee, at the time and in the manner required by applicable Treasury Regulations, for further distribution to such persons, and to the extent, required by applicable Treasury Regulations, information with respect to any original issue discount accruing on the Notes.

 

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ARTICLE IV

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

Section 4.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Notes except as to: (i) rights of registration of transfer and exchange; (ii) substitution of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Notes; (iii) rights of Noteholders to receive payments of principal thereof and interest thereon; (iv) Sections 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.8, 3.10, 3.12, 3.13, 3.19 and 3.21; (v) the rights, obligations and immunities of the Indenture Trustee and the Paying Agent hereunder (including the rights of the Indenture Trustee under Section 6.7 and the obligations of the Indenture Trustee under Sections 4.2 and 4.4); and (vi) the rights of Noteholders as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property so deposited with the Indenture Trustee or the Paying Agent payable to all or any of them, and the Indenture Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Issuing Entity, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Notes, if:

(a) either:

(i) all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (A) Notes that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.5 and (B) Notes for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Issuing Entity and thereafter repaid to the Issuing Entity or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 3.3) have been delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation; or

(ii) all Notes not theretofore delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation have become due and payable and the Issuing Entity has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited with the Indenture Trustee (or if the Indenture Trustee is not the Paying Agent, the Paying Agent), in trust, cash or direct obligations of or obligations guaranteed by the United States of America (which will mature prior to the date such amounts are payable), in trust for such purpose, in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Notes when due on the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for such Notes or the Redemption Date for such Notes (if such Notes have been called for redemption pursuant to Section 10.1), as the case may be; and

(b) the Issuing Entity has delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate of the Issuing Entity, an Opinion of Counsel, each meeting the applicable requirements of Section 11.1(a) and each stating that all conditions precedent set forth in this Section 4.1 relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with. The Indenture Trustee shall provide confirmation to the Issuing Entity that it has paid to the Noteholders all interest and principal due on the Notes.

 

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Section 4.2 Application of Trust Money. All monies deposited with the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Article IV shall be held in trust and applied by the Indenture Trustee or the Paying Agent, in accordance with the provisions of the Notes and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent, as the Indenture Trustee may determine, to the Holders of the particular Notes for the payment or redemption of which such monies have been deposited with the Indenture Trustee, of all sums due and to become due thereon for principal and interest; but such monies need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required herein or as required by law.

Section 4.3 Repayment of Monies Held by Paying Agent. In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Notes, all monies then held by any Paying Agent other than the Indenture Trustee under the provisions of this Indenture with respect to such Notes shall, upon demand of the Issuing Entity, be paid to the Indenture Trustee to be held and applied according to Section 3.3 and thereupon such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such monies.

Section 4.4 Duration of Position of Indenture Trustee. Notwithstanding the earlier payment in full of all principal and interest due to the Noteholders under the terms of the Notes and the cancellation of the Notes, the Indenture Trustee shall continue to act in the capacity as Indenture Trustee hereunder for the benefit of the Certificateholders, for purposes of compliance with, and the Indenture Trustee shall comply with, its obligations under Section 2.7, Section 6.8 and Article VIII hereof, and Section 5.2 of the Servicing Agreement, as appropriate, the Indenture Trustee in such capacity shall continue to have the rights, benefits and immunities set forth herein, including those in Article VI hereof.

ARTICLE V

DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

Section 5.1 Events of Default. For the purposes of this Indenture, “Event of Default” wherever used herein, means any one of the following events:

(a) default in the payment of any interest on any Note of the Controlling Class when the same becomes due and payable, and such default shall continue for a period of five (5) Business Days;

(b) default in the payment in full of all then outstanding principal of any Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) and accrued but unpaid interest due on any Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) on the related Final Scheduled Distribution Date;

(c) default in the payment in full of any other amount due on any Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) when the same becomes due and payable, to the extent funds are available therefor, and such default continues for a period of five (5) Business Days;

(d) material default in the observance or performance of any covenant or agreement of the Issuing Entity made in this Indenture (other than a covenant or agreement to pay interest or principal on any Note or any covenant or agreement a default in the observance or performance of which is specifically dealt with elsewhere in this list of defaults) and such default shall continue or not be cured for a grace period of sixty (60) consecutive days after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail to the Issuing Entity by the Indenture Trustee, or to the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee, by the Holders of Notes evidencing not less than 25% of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, a written notice specifying such default and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder;

 

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(e) any other representation or warranty made by the Issuing Entity having been incorrect in any material respect as of the time made(other than a default the observance or performance of which is specifically dealt with elsewhere in this list of defaults) and such incorrect representation shall continue or not be cured for a grace period of sixty (60) consecutive days after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail to the Issuing Entity by the Indenture Trustee, or to the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee, by the Holders of Notes evidencing not less than 25% of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, a written notice specifying such breach of representation or warranty and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder;

(f) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the premises in respect of the Issuing Entity or any substantial part of the Collateral in an involuntary case under any applicable federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the Issuing Entity or for any substantial part of the Collateral, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of the Issuing Entity’s affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of ninety (90) consecutive days; or

(g) the commencement by the Issuing Entity of a voluntary case under any applicable federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by the Issuing Entity to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the consent by the Issuing Entity to the appointment or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the Issuing Entity or for any substantial part of the Collateral, or the making by the Issuing Entity of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure by the Issuing Entity generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of action by the Issuing Entity in furtherance of any of the foregoing.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, there will be no Event of Default where an Event of Default would otherwise exist under clauses (a), (b) and (c) above for a period of an additional ten Business Days or under clauses (d) and (e) for a period of an additional 30 days if the delay or failure giving rise to the Event of Default was caused by an act of God or other similar occurrence.

The Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee, within five (5) Business Days after learning of the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an officer’s certificate of any event which with the giving of notice and the lapse of time would become an Event of Default, its status and what action the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable, is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

 

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Section 5.2 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

(a) If an Event of Default should occur and be continuing, the Indenture Trustee shall, at the written direction of the Holders of Notes representing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, declare all of the Notes to be immediately due and payable, by a notice in writing to the Issuing Entity (and to the Indenture Trustee if given by the Noteholders) setting forth the Event of Default or Events of Default, and upon any such declaration the unpaid principal amount of such Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the date of acceleration, shall become immediately due and payable.

(b) If the Notes have been declared immediately due and payable following an Event of Default and before a judgment or decree for payment of the amount due has been obtained by the Indenture Trustee as hereinafter provided in this Article V, the Holders of Notes representing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, by written notice to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee, which notice shall be provided by the Indenture Trustee to each Rating Agency, may waive all Defaults set forth in the notice delivered pursuant to Section 5.2(a) and rescind and annul such declaration of acceleration and its consequences; provided, that no such rescission and annulment shall extend to or affect any other Default or impair any right consequent thereto; and provided further, that if the Indenture Trustee shall have proceeded to enforce any right under this Indenture and such Proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned because of such rescission and annulment or for any other reason, or such Proceedings shall have been determined adversely to the Indenture Trustee, then and in every such case, the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity and the Noteholders, as the case may be, shall be restored respectively to their former positions and rights hereunder, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity and the Noteholders, as the case may be, shall continue as though no such Proceedings had been commenced.

Section 5.3 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Indenture Trustee.

(a) The Issuing Entity covenants that if an Event of Default occurs and such Event of Default has not been waived pursuant to Section 5.12 (or rescinded pursuant to Section 5.2(b)), the Issuing Entity shall, upon demand of the Indenture Trustee, pay to the Indenture Trustee, for the ratable benefit of the Noteholders in accordance with their respective outstanding principal amounts, the whole amount then due and payable on such Notes for principal and interest, with interest upon the overdue principal, at the rate borne by the Notes and, to the extent payment at such rate of interest shall be legally enforceable, upon overdue installments of interest at the applicable Interest Rate and in addition thereto such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel.

(b) If the Issuing Entity shall fail forthwith to pay such amounts upon such demand, the Indenture Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a Proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such Proceeding to judgment or final decree, may enforce the same against the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust and may collect in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, wherever situated, the monies adjudged or decreed to be payable.

 

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(c) If the Notes have been declared to be immediately due and payable following an Event of Default, the Indenture Trustee may, as more particularly provided in Section 5.4, and shall at the direction of the Holders of Notes representing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Noteholders, by such appropriate Proceedings as the Indenture Trustee or Holders of such Notes shall deem most effective to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy or legal or equitable right vested in the Indenture Trustee by this Indenture or by applicable law.

(d) If there shall be pending, relative to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or any Person having or claiming an ownership interest in the Collateral, Proceedings under Title 11 of the United States Code or any other applicable federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law, or if a receiver, assignee or trustee in bankruptcy or reorganization, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official shall have been appointed for or taken possession of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or their property or such other Person, or in case of any other comparable judicial Proceedings relative to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or other obligor upon the Notes, or to the creditors or property of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or such other obligor, the Indenture Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of any Notes shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Indenture Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.3, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such Proceedings or otherwise:

(i) to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Notes and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee (including any claim for reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor trustee, and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel, and for reimbursement of all expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor trustee, except as a result of negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct) and of the Noteholders allowed in such Proceedings;

(ii) unless prohibited by applicable law and regulations, to vote on behalf of the Holders of Notes in any election of a trustee, a standby trustee or Person performing similar functions in any such Proceedings;

(iii) to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute all amounts received with respect to the claims of the Noteholders and of the Indenture Trustee on their behalf; and

(iv) to file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee or the Holders of Notes allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, their creditors and their property; and any trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official in any such Proceeding is hereby authorized by each of such Noteholders to make payments to the Indenture Trustee for application in accordance with the priorities set forth in the Transaction Documents, and, if the Indenture Trustee shall consent to the making of payments directly to such Noteholders, to pay to the Indenture Trustee such amounts as shall

 

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be sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor trustee and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor trustee except as a result of negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct.

(e) Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Indenture Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of any Noteholder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Notes or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Indenture Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Noteholder in any such proceeding except, as aforesaid, to vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar Person.

(f) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the Notes, may be enforced by the Indenture Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes or the production thereof in any trial or other Proceedings relative thereto, and any such Proceedings instituted by the Indenture Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment, subject to the payment of the reasonable expenses, disbursements and compensation of the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys, shall be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Notes in accordance with the priorities set forth in the Transaction Documents.

(g) In any Proceedings brought by the Indenture Trustee (and also any Proceedings involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the Indenture Trustee shall be a party), the Indenture Trustee shall be held to represent all the Noteholders, and it shall not be necessary to make any Noteholder a party to any such Proceedings.

Section 5.4 Remedies; Priorities.

(a) If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Notes have been accelerated under Section 5.2(a), the Indenture Trustee may, or at the written direction of the majority of the Holders of the Notes of the Controlling Class, shall do one or more of the following (subject to Sections 5.3 and 5.5):

(i) institute Proceedings in its own name and as trustee of an express trust for the collection of all amounts then due and payable on the Notes or under this Indenture with respect thereto, whether by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, enforce any judgment obtained, and collect from the Issuing Entity and any other obligor upon such Notes monies adjudged due;

(ii) institute Proceedings from time to time for the complete or partial foreclosure of this Indenture with respect to the Collateral;

(iii) exercise any remedies of a secured party under the UCC and take any other appropriate action to protect and enforce the rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders;

 

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(iv) sell or otherwise liquidate the Collateral or any portion thereof or rights or interest therein, at one or more public or private sales called and conducted in any manner permitted by law; and

(v) cause the Grantor Trust, by means of a written direction, to sell or otherwise liquidate the Receivables or any portion thereof or rights or interest therein, at one or more public or private sales called and conducted in any manner permitted by law;

provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee may not sell or otherwise liquidate the Collateral or cause the Grantor Trust to liquidate the Receivables at the direction of the Noteholders following an Event of Default and acceleration of the Notes, unless (i) (A) the Holders of all of the aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes consent thereto or (B) the proceeds of such sale or liquidation distributable to the Noteholders are sufficient to discharge in full the principal of and the accrued interest on the Notes, at the date of such sale or liquidation or (C) (x) there has been an Event of Default under Section 5.1(a), Section 5.1(b) or Section 5.1(c) or otherwise arising from a failure to make a required payment of principal on any Notes, (y) the Indenture Trustee determines that the Collateral will not continue to provide sufficient funds for the payment of principal of and interest on the Notes as and when they would have become due if the Notes had not been declared due and payable, and (z) the Indenture Trustee obtains the consent of Holders of 66 2/3% of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes and (ii) ten (10) calendar days’ prior written notice of sale or liquidation has been given to the Rating Agencies by the Depositor, provided, however, that the Depositor shall have received such notice from the Indenture Trustee at least two (2) Business Days prior thereto. In determining such sufficiency or insufficiency with respect to clauses (B) and (C), the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and rely upon an opinion of an Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of such proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Collateral or the assets of the Grantor Trust, as applicable, for such purpose; provided, however, that prior to the exercise of the right to sell all or any portion of the Collateral as provided herein, the Indenture Trustee shall provide a notice in writing to the Issuing Entity (with a copy to the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee) (the “Event of Default Sale Notice”) of its intention to sell all or any portion of the Collateral (the part to be sold being the “Subject Estate”), and if the Subject Estate is less than all of the Collateral, the portion of the Collateral to be sold. The Indenture Trustee shall not consummate any sale until at least seven (7) Business Days after the Event of Default Sale Notice has been given to the Issuing Entity (with a copy to the Grantor Trust and the Depositor).

(b) If the Indenture Trustee collects any money or property pursuant to this Article V, it shall, or shall direct the Paying Agent to, pay out such money or property together with all Available Funds and all amounts on deposit in the Collection Account, the Note Distribution Account, the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account in accordance with, and in the order of priority set forth in, Section 2.7(f) hereof.

 

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Section 5.5 Optional Preservation of the Collateral. If the Notes have been declared to be due and payable under Section 5.2 following an Event of Default and such declaration and its consequences have not been rescinded and annulled in accordance with Section 5.2(b), the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, elect to take and maintain possession of the Collateral and continue to apply the proceeds thereof as if there had been no declaration of acceleration; provided, however, that the Available Funds shall be applied in accordance with such declaration of acceleration in the manner specified in Section 2.7(f). It is the intent of the parties hereto and the Noteholders that there be at all times sufficient funds for the payment of principal of and interest on the Notes and the Indenture Trustee shall take such intent into account when determining whether or not to take and maintain possession of the Collateral. In determining whether to take and maintain possession of the Collateral, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and rely upon an opinion of an Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of such proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Collateral for such purpose.

Section 5.6 Limitation of Suits. No Holder of any Note shall have any right to institute any Proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder unless:

(a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Indenture Trustee of a continuing Event of Default;

(b) the Holders of not less than 25% of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class have made written request to the Indenture Trustee to institute such Proceeding in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Indenture Trustee hereunder;

(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Indenture Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in complying with such request;

(d) the Indenture Trustee for sixty (60) days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute such Proceedings; and

(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Indenture Trustee during such sixty (60) day period by the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class;

it being understood and intended that no one or more Holders of Notes shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holders of Notes or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Holders of Notes or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal, ratable (on the basis of the respective aggregate amount of principal and interest, respectively, due and unpaid on the Notes held by each Noteholder) and common benefit of all holders of Notes. For the protection and enforcement of the provisions of this Section 5.6, each and every Noteholder shall be entitled to such relief as can be given either at law or in equity.

If the Indenture Trustee shall receive conflicting or inconsistent requests and indemnity from two or more groups of Holders of Notes, each representing less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, the Indenture Trustee shall follow the request of the group of Holders of Notes representing the highest percentage of Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture.

 

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Section 5.7 Unconditional Rights of Noteholders To Receive Principal and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Indenture, the Holder of any Note shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of and interest on such Note on or after the respective due dates thereof expressed in such Note or in this Indenture in accordance with the terms thereof, and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

Section 5.8 Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Indenture Trustee or any Noteholder has instituted any Proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such Proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason or has been determined adversely to the Indenture Trustee or to such Noteholder, then and in every such case the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall, subject to any determination in such Proceeding, be restored severally to their respective former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall continue as though no such Proceeding had been instituted.

Section 5.9 Rights and Remedies Cumulative. No right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Indenture Trustee or to the Noteholders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

Section 5.10 Delay or Omission Not a Waiver. No delay or omission of the Indenture Trustee or any Holder of any Note to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Default or Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Default or Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article V or by law to the Indenture Trustee or to the Noteholders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Indenture Trustee or by the Noteholders, as the case may be.

Section 5.11 Control by Noteholders. The Holders of Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class shall have the right to direct in writing the time, method and place of conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Indenture Trustee with respect to the Notes or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Indenture Trustee; provided, however, that:

(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture;

(b) subject to the express terms of Section 5.4, any direction to the Indenture Trustee to sell or liquidate the Collateral or cause the Grantor Trust to sell or liquidate the Receivables shall be by the Holders of Notes representing not less than 100% of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes;

 

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(c) if the conditions set forth in Section 5.5 have been satisfied and the Indenture Trustee elects to retain the Collateral pursuant to Section 5.5, then any direction to the Indenture Trustee by Holders of Notes representing less than 100% of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes to sell or liquidate the Collateral or cause the Grantor Trust to sell or liquidate the Receivables shall be of no force and effect; and

(d) the Indenture Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Indenture Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction; provided, however, that, subject to Section 6.1, the Indenture Trustee need not take any action that it determines might cause it to incur any liability (a) with respect to which the Indenture Trustee shall have reasonable grounds to believe that adequate indemnity against such liability is not assured to it and (b) which might materially adversely affect the rights of any Noteholders not consenting to such action.

Section 5.12 Waiver of Past Defaults.

(a) Prior to the declaration of the acceleration of the maturity of the Notes as provided in Section 5.2, the Holders of Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class may waive any past Default or Event of Default and its consequences except a Default (i) in the payment of principal of or interest on any of the Notes or (ii) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Note (other than the Class XS Notes). In the case of any such waiver, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders shall be restored to their respective former positions and rights hereunder; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any right consequent thereto.

(b) Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist and be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, for every purpose of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereto.

Section 5.13 Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Note by such Holder’s acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any Proceeding for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any Proceeding against the Indenture Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Indenture Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such Proceeding of an undertaking to pay the costs of such Proceeding, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such Proceeding, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 5.13 shall not apply to:

(a) any Proceeding instituted by the Indenture Trustee;

(b) any Proceeding instituted by any Noteholder, or group of Noteholders, in each case holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class; or

 

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(c) any Proceeding instituted by any Noteholder for the enforcement of the payment of principal of or interest on any Note on or after the respective due dates expressed in such Note and in this Indenture (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date).

Section 5.14 Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. Each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, or plead or in any manner whatsoever, claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture. Each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it shall not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Indenture Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

Section 5.15 Action on Notes. The Indenture Trustee’s right to seek and recover judgment on the Notes or under this Indenture shall not be affected by the seeking, obtaining or application of any other relief under or with respect to this Indenture. Neither the Lien of this Indenture nor any rights or remedies of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders shall be impaired by the recovery of any judgment by the Indenture Trustee against the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or by the levy of any execution under such judgment upon any portion of the Collateral or upon any of the assets of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust. Any money or property collected by the Indenture Trustee shall be applied in accordance with Section 5.4(b).

Section 5.16 Performance and Enforcement of Certain Obligations.

(a) Promptly following a request from the Indenture Trustee to do so and at the Issuing Entity’s expense, each of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust agrees to take all such lawful action as the Indenture Trustee may request to compel or secure the performance and observance by the Depositor of its obligations to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under or in connection with the Trust Agreement, the Servicer of its obligations to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under or in connection with the Servicing Agreement, by the Seller of its obligations under or in connection with the Receivables Purchase Agreement, by the Depositor of its limited repurchase obligations under or in connection with the Receivables Transfer Agreement, in each case in accordance with the terms thereof, and to exercise any and all rights, remedies, powers and privileges lawfully available to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust under or in connection with the Servicing Agreement, the Trust Agreement, the Receivables Purchase Agreement and the Receivables Transfer Agreement to the extent and in the manner directed by the Indenture Trustee, including the transmission of notices of default on the part of the Seller, the Depositor or the Servicer and the institution of legal or administrative actions or proceedings to compel or secure performance by the Seller, the Depositor or the Servicer of their respective obligations under the Receivables Purchase Agreement, the Receivables Transfer Agreement and the Servicing Agreement, as applicable.

 

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If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee may, and, at the written direction of the Holders of the majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class shall, exercise all rights, remedies, powers, privileges and claims of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust against the Servicer under or in connection with the Servicing Agreement, against the Seller under or in connection with the Receivables Purchase Agreement and against the Depositor under or in connection with the Receivables Transfer Agreement, including the right or power to take any action to compel or secure performance or observance by the Servicer, the Seller or the Depositor of each of their obligations to the Issuing Entity thereunder and to give any consent, request, notice, direction, approval, extension or waiver under the Servicing Agreement, the Receivables Purchase Agreement or the Receivables Transfer Agreement and any right of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to take such action shall be suspended.

ARTICLE VI

THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE

Section 6.1 Duties of Indenture Trustee.

(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

(i) the Indenture Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture or any other Transaction Document against the Indenture Trustee; and

(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Indenture Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Indenture Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture.

(c) The Indenture Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, or its own bad faith, except that:

(i) this Section 6.1(c) does not limit the effect of Section 6.1(b);

(ii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved that the Indenture Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to any provision of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document.

 

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(d) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as set forth in the Transaction Documents and as the Indenture Trustee may agree in writing with the Issuing Entity.

(e) Money held in trust by the Indenture Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law or the terms of this Indenture, the Servicing Agreement or the Trust Agreement.

(f) No provision of this Indenture or any other Transaction Document (including after the occurrence of an Event of Default) shall require the Indenture Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayments of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

(g) Every provision of this Indenture and each other Transaction Document relating to the Indenture Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 6.1 and to the provisions of the TIA.

(h) The Indenture Trustee shall have no liability or responsibility for the acts or omissions of the Issuing Entity, the Servicer, the Backup Servicer, the Depositor, the Sponsor, the Grantor Trust, any other party to any of the Transaction Documents, including as a result of any other party’s failure to comply with Regulation RR.

(i) In no event shall the Indenture Trustee be liable for any damages in the nature of special, indirect or consequential damages, however styled, including lost profits.

Section 6.2 Rights of Indenture Trustee.

(a) The Indenture Trustee may conclusively rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Indenture Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. The Indenture Trustee need not investigate or re-calculate, certify or verify any information, statement, representation or warranty or any fact or matter stated in any such document and may conclusively rely as to the truth, content and accuracy of the statements and correctness of the opinions expressed therein.

(b) Except as otherwise set forth in Section 7.5 of this Agreement and Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement, before the Indenture Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel (at the cost of the party requesting the Indenture Trustee to act or refrain from acting). The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on the Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

 

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(c) The Indenture Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys or Affiliates or a custodian or nominee, and the Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of, or for the supervision of, any such agent, attorney, custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder.

(d) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.

(e) The Indenture Trustee may consult with counsel, and the advice or opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and the Notes shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

(f) The Indenture Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture or any other Transaction Document, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Indenture Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction.

(g) The Indenture Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document unless requested in writing to do so by a majority of the Controlling Class; provided, however, that if the Indenture Trustee determines that payment within a reasonable time of such costs, expenses and losses or liabilities is not reasonably assured to it, the Indenture Trustee may require indemnity or security satisfactory to it from the Noteholders requesting such an investigation, against such costs, expenses and losses or liabilities as a condition to proceeding with such investigation.

(h) The Indenture Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any event or information, including any default or Event of Default or Servicer Termination Event, or be required to act upon any event or information, including any default or Event of Default or Servicer Termination Event (including the sending of any notice), unless a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee actually knows of or receives written notice of such event or information and shall have no duty to take any action to determine whether any default, or Event of Default or Servicer Termination Event or event has occurred. Absent a Responsible Officer actually knowing of or receiving written notice in accordance with this Section, the Indenture Trustee may conclusively assume that no such event, default or Event of Default or Servicer Termination Event has occurred. Publicly available information does not constitute actual or constructive knowledge or notice to the Indenture Trustee.

(i) The Indenture Trustee shall not be imputed with the knowledge of, or information possessed or obtained by, the Collateral Custodian and knowledge of the Collateral Custodian shall not be attributed or imputed to the Indenture Trustee, or any affiliate, line of business or other division of Computershare Trust Company, National Association (and vice versa).

 

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(j) Any delays in or failure by the Indenture Trustee in the performance of any obligations hereunder shall be excused if and to the extent caused by any force majeure event.

(k) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Indenture or any other Transaction Document, the Indenture Trustee shall not be required to any action that is not in accordance with Applicable Laws.

(l) The right of the Indenture Trustee to perform any permissive or discretionary act enumerated in this Indenture or any related document shall not be construed as a duty.

(m) The Indenture Trustee is not required to ensure that the Issuing Entity’s security interest in the Trust Estate is valid or enforceable, or to monitor status of a lien or performance of the Trust Estate.

(n) The Indenture Trustee shall have no duty to see to, or be responsible for the correctness or accuracy of, any recording, filing or depositing of this Indenture or any agreement referred to herein, or any financing statement or continuation statement evidencing a security interest, or to see to the maintenance of any such recording or filing or depositing or to any rerecording, refilling or re-depositing of any thereof.

(o) The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with laws, regulations and executive orders of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof as are in effect from time to time applicable to financial institutions relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering, including without limitation the USA Patriot Act (Pub. L. 107-56) and regulations promulgated by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (collectively, “AML Law”), the Indenture Trustee is required to obtain, verify, and record information relating to individuals and entities that establish a business relationship or open an account with the Indenture Trustee. Each party hereby agrees that it shall provide the Indenture Trustee with such identifying information and documentation as the Indenture Trustee may request in writing from time to time in order to enable the Indenture Trustee to comply with all applicable requirements of AML Law.

(p) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Indenture Trustee, including its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, Computershare Trust Company, National Association, in each of its capacities hereunder, including its capacity under Section 4.4 hereof, and in connection with the performance of any of its duties or obligations under any of the Transaction Documents.

(q) For the avoidance of doubt, the Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for determining whether any breach of representations or warranty has occurred, or whether such breach constitutes a material breach, or the enforcement of any repurchase obligation.

Section 6.3 Indenture Trustee May Own Notes. The Indenture Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may otherwise deal with the Issuing Entity, the Servicer or any of their respective Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Indenture Trustee; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee shall comply with Sections 6.10 and 6.11. Any Paying Agent, Note Registrar, co-registrar or co-paying agent may do the same with like rights.

 

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Section 6.4 Indenture Trustees Disclaimer. The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of any Transaction Document, including this Indenture or the Notes, it shall not be accountable for the Issuing Entity’s use of the proceeds from the Notes, it shall not have any responsibility to monitor or cause the Issuing Entity to comply with Regulation RR and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust in the Indenture or in any document issued in connection with the sale of the Notes or in the Notes other than the Indenture Trustee’s certificate of authentication.

Section 6.5 Notice of Events of Default. If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing and a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee has actual knowledge or has received written notice thereof, the Indenture Trustee shall mail to each Noteholder notice of the Event of Default within ten (10) calendar days after it is known to a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee. Except in the case of an Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Note, the Indenture Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Noteholders.

Section 6.6 Reports by Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall deliver to each Noteholder the documents and information set forth in Article VII and, in addition, all such information with respect to the Notes as may be required to enable such Holder to prepare its federal and State income tax returns.

Section 6.7 Compensation; Indemnity.

(a) The Issuing Entity shall pay to the Indenture Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for its services. The Indenture Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuing Entity shall reimburse the Indenture Trustee for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred or made by it, including costs of collection, in addition to the compensation for its services; provided, however, that the Issuing Entity need not reimburse the Indenture Trustee for any expense incurred through the Indenture Trustee’s willful misconduct, negligence, or bad faith. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee’s agents, external counsel, accountants and experts. The Issuing Entity shall indemnify the Indenture Trustee for, and hold it and its officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents, harmless against, any and all loss, liability or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses and court costs, and any loss or expense incurred in connection with a successful defense, in whole or in part, of any claim that the Indenture Trustee breached its standard of care or any enforcement (including any successful action, claim or suit brought) by the Indenture Trustee of any indemnification of the Issuing Entity) incurred by it in connection with the administration of this trust and the performance of its duties hereunder or under any other Transaction Document; provided, however, that the Issuing Entity need not indemnify the Indenture Trustee for, or hold it harmless against, any such loss, liability or expense incurred through the Indenture Trustee’s willful misconduct, negligence, or bad faith. The Indenture Trustee shall notify the Issuing Entity and the Administrator promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Any failure by the Indenture Trustee to so notify the Issuing Entity and the Administrator shall not, however, relieve the Issuing Entity of its obligations hereunder. The Administrator, on behalf of the Issuing Entity, shall defend any such claim. The Indenture Trustee may have separate counsel in connection with the defense of any such claim, and the Issuing Entity, shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel.

 

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(b) The Issuing Entity’s payment obligations to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.7 shall survive the discharge or assignment of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of any party. When the Indenture Trustee incurs expenses after the occurrence of a Default specified in Section 5.1(e) or Section 5.1(f) with respect to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, the expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration under Title 11 of the United States Code or any other applicable federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law.

Section 6.8 Replacement of Indenture Trustee.

(a) The Indenture Trustee may at any time give notice of its intent to resign by so notifying the Issuing Entity; provided, however, that no such resignation shall become effective and the Indenture Trustee shall not resign prior to the time set forth in Section 6.8(c). The Holders of a majority in Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class may remove the Indenture Trustee by so notifying the Indenture Trustee upon at least thirty (30) calendar days prior written notice and may appoint a successor Indenture Trustee. Such resignation or removal shall become effective in accordance with Section 6.8(c). The Issuing Entity shall remove the Indenture Trustee if:

(i) the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11;

(ii) a Bankruptcy Event occurs with respect to the Indenture Trustee;

(iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Indenture Trustee or its property; or

(iv) the Indenture Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

(b) If the Indenture Trustee gives notice of its intent to resign or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of the Indenture Trustee for any reason (the Indenture Trustee in such event being referred to herein as the retiring Indenture Trustee), the Issuing Entity shall promptly appoint and designate a successor Indenture Trustee.

(c) A successor Indenture Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment and designation to the retiring Indenture Trustee and the other parties to this Indenture. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Indenture Trustee shall become effective and the successor Indenture Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Indenture Trustee shall deliver a notice of its succession to Noteholders. The retiring Indenture Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Indenture Trustee to the successor Indenture Trustee.

(d) If a successor Indenture Trustee does not take office within sixty (60) calendar days after the Indenture Trustee gives notice of its intent to resign or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Issuing Entity or the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment and designation of a successor Indenture Trustee (at the expense of the Issuing Entity).

 

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(e) If the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11, any Noteholder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Indenture Trustee and the appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee.

Section 6.9 Merger or Consolidation of Indenture Trustee.

(a) Any Person into which the Indenture Trustee may be merged or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Indenture Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Indenture Trustee, shall be the successor of the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture; provided, however, that such Person shall be eligible under the provisions of Section 6.11, without the execution or filing of any instrument or any further act on the part of any of the parties to this Indenture, anything in this Indenture to the contrary notwithstanding.

(b) If at the time such successor or successors by merger or consolidation to the Indenture Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture, any of the Notes shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Indenture Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee, and deliver such Notes so authenticated; and in case at that time any of the Notes shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Indenture Trustee may authenticate such Notes either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Indenture Trustee. In all such cases such certificate of authentication shall have the same full force as is provided anywhere in the Notes or herein with respect to the certificate of authentication of the Indenture Trustee.

Section 6.10 Appointment of Co-Indenture Trustee or Separate Indenture Trustee.

(a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, at any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirement of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Collateral or any Financed Vehicle may at the time be located, the Indenture Trustee shall have the power and may execute and deliver all instruments to appoint one or more Persons to act as a co-trustee or co-trustees, or separate trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the Collateral, and to vest in such Person or Persons, in such capacity and for the benefit of the Noteholders, such title to the Collateral, or any part hereof, and, subject to the other provisions of this Section 6.10, such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Indenture Trustee may consider necessary or desirable. No co-trustee or separate indenture trustee hereunder shall be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor indenture trustee under Section 6.11 and no notice to Noteholders of the appointment of any co-trustee or separate indenture trustee shall be required under Section 6.8.

 

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(b) Each separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and conditions:

(i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Indenture Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon and exercised or performed by the Indenture Trustee and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Indenture Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed the Indenture Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title to the Collateral or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the Indenture Trustee;

(ii) no trustee (including the Indenture Trustee, separate trustees and co-trustees) hereunder shall be personally liable by reason of any act, omission or appointment of any other trustee (including separate trustees and co-trustees) hereunder; and

(iii) the Indenture Trustee may at any time accept the resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.

(c) Any notice, request or other writing given to the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Indenture and the conditions of this Article VI. Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Indenture Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to all the provisions of this Indenture, specifically including every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Indenture Trustee. Every such instrument shall be filed with the Indenture Trustee.

(d) Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time constitute the Indenture Trustee, its agent or attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Indenture on its behalf and in its name. If any separate trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall vest in and be exercised by the Indenture Trustee, to the extent permitted by law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.

Section 6.11 Eligibility; Disqualification. The Indenture Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of TIA § 310(a). The Indenture Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition and (unless waived by the Rating Agencies) it shall have a long term unsecured debt rating that falls within an investment grade category by any nationally recognized rating agency then providing such rating for the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall comply with TIA § Section 310(b), including the optional provision permitted by the second sentence of TIA § 310(b)(9); provided, however, that there shall be excluded from the operation of TIA § 310(b)(1) any indenture or indentures under which other securities of the Issuing Entity are outstanding if the requirements for such exclusion set forth in TIA § 310(b)(1) are met.

 

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Section 6.12 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuing Entity. The Indenture Trustee shall comply with TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). An Indenture Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated.

Section 6.13 Representations and Warranties of Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee represents and warrants as of the Closing Date that:

(a) the Indenture Trustee (i) is a national banking association duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the United States of America and (ii) satisfies the eligibility criteria set forth in Section 6.11;

(b) the Indenture Trustee has full power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform this Indenture, and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Indenture;

(c) the execution, delivery and performance by the Indenture Trustee of this Indenture (i) shall not violate any provision of any law or regulation governing the banking and trust powers of the Indenture Trustee or any order, writ, judgment or decree of any court, arbitrator, or governmental authority applicable to the Indenture Trustee or any of its assets, (ii) shall not violate any provision of the corporate charter or by-laws of the Indenture Trustee, or (iii) shall not violate any provision of, or constitute, with or without notice or lapse of time, a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any properties included in the Collateral pursuant to the provisions of any mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement or other undertaking to which it is a party, which violation, default or Lien could reasonably be expected to have a materially adverse effect on the Indenture Trustee’s performance or ability to perform its duties under this Indenture or on the transactions contemplated in this Indenture;

(d) the execution, delivery and performance by the Indenture Trustee of this Indenture shall not require the authorization, consent or approval of, the giving of notice to, the filing or registration with, or the taking of any other action in respect of, any governmental authority or agency regulating the banking and corporate trust activities of the Indenture Trustee; and

(e) this Indenture has been duly executed and delivered by the Indenture Trustee and constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of the Indenture Trustee, enforceable in accordance with its terms.

Section 6.14 Indenture Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Notes. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Notes may be prosecuted and enforced by the Indenture Trustee without the possession of any of the Notes or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Indenture Trustee shall be brought in its own name as Indenture Trustee. Any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Noteholders and (only to the extent expressly provided herein) the Certificateholders in respect of which such judgment has been obtained.

 

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Section 6.15 Suit for Enforcement. If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, the Indenture Trustee may, subject to the provisions of Section 6.1, proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Noteholders under this Indenture by Proceedings whether for the specific performance of any covenant or agreement contained in this Indenture or in aid of the execution of any power granted in this Indenture or for the enforcement of any other legal, equitable or other remedy as the Indenture Trustee, being directed by the Holders of Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any of the rights of the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders.

Section 6.16 Rights of Noteholders to Direct Indenture Trustee. Holders of Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Indenture Trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Indenture Trustee; provided, however, that subject to Section 6.1, the Indenture Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction if the Indenture Trustee determines that the action so directed may not lawfully be taken, or if the Indenture Trustee in good faith shall, by a Responsible Officer, determine that the proceedings so directed would be illegal or subject it to personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the rights of Noteholders not parties to such direction; and provided, further, that nothing in this Indenture shall impair the right of the Indenture Trustee to take any action deemed proper by the Indenture Trustee and which is not inconsistent with such direction by the Noteholders.

Section 6.17 Reports by Indenture Trustee.

(a) The Indenture Trustee shall:

(i) deliver to the Depositor, the Administrator (on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust) and the Servicer a report of its assessment of compliance with the Servicing Criteria set forth in Exhibit C, including disclosure of any material instance of non-compliance identified by the Indenture Trustee, as required by Rule 13a-18 and Rule 15d-18 of the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB under the Securities Act;

(ii) cause a firm of registered public accountants that is qualified and independent within the meaning of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act to deliver to the Depositor, the Administrator (on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust) and the Servicer an attestation report that satisfies the requirements of Rule 13a-18 or Rule 15d-18 under the Exchange Act, as applicable, on the assessment of compliance with Servicing Criteria with respect to the prior calendar year for inclusion in the Issuing Entity’s 10-K filing; such attestation report shall be in accordance with Rule 1-02(a)(3) and Rule 2-02(g) of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act; and

 

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(iii) deliver to the Depositor and any other Person that will be responsible for signing the certification (a “Sarbanes Certification”) required by Rule 13a-14(d) and Rule 15d-14(d) under the Exchange Act (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) on behalf of the Issuing Entity or the Depositor with respect to this securitization transaction a certification substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D or such form as mutually agreed upon by the Depositor and the Indenture Trustee; the Indenture Trustee acknowledges that the parties identified in this clause (iii) may rely on the certification provided by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to such clause in signing a Sarbanes Certification and filing such with the Commission.

(b) The reports referred to in Section 6.17(a) shall be delivered on or before March 15 of each year that a 10-K filing is required to be filed by the Issuing Entity, beginning March 15, 2023 (and if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day), unless the Issuing Entity is not required to file periodic reports under the Exchange Act or any other law, in which case such reports may be delivered on or before April 30 of each calendar year, beginning April 30, 2023.

ARTICLE VII

NOTEHOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS

Section 7.1 Issuing Entity To Furnish Indenture Trustee and Paying Agent Names and Addresses of Noteholders. The Issuing Entity shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Indenture Trustee and the Paying Agent (a) not more than five (5) calendar days before each Distribution Date a list, in such form as the Indenture Trustee or the Paying Agent may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes as of the close of business on the related Record Date, and (b) at such other times as the Indenture Trustee or Paying Agent may request in writing, within thirty (30) calendar days after receipt by the Issuing Entity of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than ten (10) calendar days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that so long as the Indenture Trustee is the Note Registrar or the Notes are issued as Book-Entry Notes, no such list shall be required to be furnished.

Section 7.2 Preservation of Information, Communications to Noteholders.

(a) The Indenture Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of the Holders of Notes contained in the most recent list furnished to the Indenture Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 and the names and addresses of Holders of Notes received by the Indenture Trustee in its capacity as Note Registrar. The Indenture Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in such Section 7.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

(b) Noteholders may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Noteholders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Notes.

(c) The Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and the Note Registrar shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c).

 

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Section 7.3 Reports by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust.

(a) The Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, respectively, shall file with the Indenture Trustee: (i) within fifteen (15) calendar days after the Issuing Entity is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Issuing Entity may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or Item 1122 of Regulation AB; (ii) file with the Indenture Trustee and the Commission in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, as applicable, with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and (iii) supply to the Indenture Trustee (and the Indenture Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Noteholders described in TIA § 313(c)) such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Issuing Entity pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 7.3(a) as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission.

(b) Unless the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust otherwise determines, the fiscal year of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, respectively, shall end on December 31 of such year.

Section 7.4 Reports by Indenture Trustee.

(a) If required by TIA § 313(a), within sixty (60) calendar days after each January 15, beginning with January 15, 2023, the Indenture Trustee shall mail to each Noteholder as required by TIA § 313(c) a brief report dated as of such date that complies with TIA § 313(a). The Indenture Trustee also shall comply with TIA § 313(b). A copy of any report delivered pursuant to this Section 7.4(a) shall, at the time of its mailing to Noteholders, be filed by the Indenture Trustee with the Commission and each stock exchange, if any, on which the Notes are listed.

(b) On or prior to each Distribution Date the Indenture Trustee shall deliver or make available on its website a copy of the statement for the related Collection Period or Periods applicable to such Distribution Date as required pursuant to Section 2.8(a) of the Servicing Agreement.

Section 7.5 Noteholder Communications.

(a) Noteholder Communications with Indenture Trustee. A Noteholder (if the Notes are represented by Definitive Notes) or a Note Owner (if the Notes are represented by Book-Entry Notes) may communicate with the Indenture Trustee and give notices and make requests and demands and give directions to the Indenture Trustee through the procedures of the Clearing Agency and by notice to the Indenture Trustee. In the event that a Verified Note Owner communicates with the Indenture Trustee, the Indenture Trustee shall provide a copy of the supporting evidence provided to the Indenture Trustee to the Administrator. The Indenture Trustee will not be required to take action in response to requests, demands or directions of a Noteholder or a Verified Note Owner, other than requests, demands or directions relating to obligations of the Indenture Trustee in connection with an Asset Representations Review Notice explicitly set forth in Section 12.2, a repurchase request made by a Noteholder pursuant to Section 3.1(d) of the

 

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Receivables Transfer Agreement or in connection with a dispute resolution pursuant to Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement, unless the Noteholder or Verified Note Owner has offered reasonable security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee to protect it against the fees and expenses that it may incur in complying with the request, demand or direction. In connection with an unresolved Repurchase Request pursuant to Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Indenture Trustee, at the direction of the Administrator, shall notify the Requesting Party at the end of the 180-day period if a Repurchase Request remains unresolved.

(b) Communications between Noteholders. A Noteholder (if the Notes are represented by Definitive Notes) or a Note Owner (if the Notes are represented by Book-Entry Notes) that seeks to communicate with other Noteholders or Note Owners, as applicable, about a possible exercise of rights under this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents may send a request to the Administrator, on behalf of the Issuing Entity, at [email protected] to include information regarding the communication in a Form 10-D to be filed by the Issuing Entity with the Commission. Each request must include (i) the name of the requesting Noteholder or Verified Note Owner, (ii) the method by which other Noteholders or Note Owners, as applicable, may contact the requesting Noteholder or Note Owner and (iii) in the case of a Note Owner, evidence of and a certification from that Person that it is a Verified Note Owner. A Noteholder or Note Owner, as applicable, that delivers a request under this Section 7.5(b) will be deemed to have certified to the Administrator that its request to communicate with other Noteholders or Note Owners, as applicable, relates solely to a possible exercise of rights under this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents, and will not be used for other purposes. The Administrator will include in the Form 10-D filed with the Commission for the Collection Period in which the request was received (A) a statement that the Administrator has received a request from a Noteholder or Note Owner, as applicable, that is interested in communicating with other Noteholders or Note Owners, as applicable, about a possible exercise of rights under this Indenture or the other Transaction Documents, (B) the name of the requesting Noteholder or Note Owner, (C) the date the request was received, (D) a statement that the Noteholder is interested in communicating with other Noteholders about the possible exercise of rights under the Transaction Documents and (E) a description of the method by which the other Noteholders or Note Owners, as applicable, may contact the requesting Noteholder or Note Owner. Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by its acceptance of a Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Note, covenants and agrees that such requesting Noteholder or Note Owner will pay any costs associated with communicating with other Noteholders or Note Owners, and none of the Seller, the Servicer, the Depositor, the Issuing Entity, the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee will be responsible for such costs.

ARTICLE VIII

ACCOUNTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND RELEASES

Section 8.1 Collection of Money. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Indenture Trustee may demand payment or delivery of, and shall receive and collect, directly and without intervention or assistance of any fiscal agent or other intermediary, all money and other property payable to or receivable by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Indenture. The Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent shall apply all such money received by it as provided in this Indenture. Except as otherwise expressly provided

 

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in this Indenture, if any default occurs in the making of any payment or performance under any agreement or instrument that is part of the Collateral, the Indenture Trustee may take such action as may be appropriate to enforce such payment or performance, including the institution and prosecution of appropriate Proceedings. Any such action shall be without prejudice to any right to claim a Default or Event of Default under this Indenture and any right to proceed thereafter as provided in Article V.

Section 8.2 Designated Accounts; Payments.

(a) Establishment of Other Accounts.

(i) The Indenture Trustee shall establish with the Account Holder the Reserve Account, the Collection Account and the Note Distribution Account, each in the name of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Noteholders and, solely in the case of the Collection Account and the Reserve Account, the Certificateholders. The Indenture Trustee shall establish with the Account Holder the Class N Reserve Account in the name of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Class N Noteholders.

(ii) The Collection Account, the Note Distribution Account, the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account shall be Eligible Deposit Accounts initially established with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the Account Holder. Funds deposited in each of the Designated Accounts (including amounts, if any, which the Servicer is required to remit daily to the Collection Account) shall be invested in the Investment Fund. Such investments shall, in each case, mature or, if such Eligible Investment does not mature, be liquidated as set forth in the definition of “Eligible Investments”; provided that neither the Administrator nor the Indenture Trustee shall have the power or right to change or alter the particular Eligible Investments identified in the definition of “Investment Fund” with respect to which such funds are invested; and provided further that the Administrator shall provide written notice to the Indenture Trustee, promptly upon any investment in each of the Designated Accounts ceasing to be an Eligible Investment, and such notification shall include an instruction to the Indenture Trustee to withdraw the funds from the ineligible investment and to deposit such funds into the applicable Eligible Investment set forth in the definition of “Investment Fund.” The Administrator shall have no power or right whatsoever to change or alter any of the initial specifications set forth in the definition of “Investment Fund”; provided that if the short-term debt obligations of such Account Holder cease to have the Required Deposit Rating (such occurrence, an “Account Status Event”) (i) the Administrator shall provide written notice within thirty (30) calendar days of knowledge of such Account Status Event to the Indenture Trustee and any Account Holder and shall include the proposed Account Holder information in such notice; (ii) the Administrator shall open any necessary accounts at such proposed Account Holder within sixty (60) calendar days of knowledge of such Account Status Event; and (iii) the Administrator shall provide written notice to the Indenture Trustee and any Account Holder instructing the Account Holder to transfer the Designated Accounts to another Account Holder that is an Eligible

 

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Institution; and provided further that should the Account Holder inform the Administrator or the Indenture Trustee that no further investments may be made with respect to a specific Eligible Investment, then any additional funds shall be invested by that same Account Holder in an Eligible Investment in accordance with the definition of “Investment Fund.” Investments in Eligible Investments shall be made in the name of the Indenture Trustee or its nominee, and such investments shall not be sold or disposed of prior to their maturity, notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided in this Agreement. Investment Earnings on funds deposited in the Reserve Account, the Class N Reserve Account and the Collection Account shall be payable to the Depositor. Each Account Holder holding a Designated Account as provided in this Section 8.2(a), shall be a “securities intermediary.” If an Account Holder shall be a Person other than the Indenture Trustee, and if the Indenture Trustee is not the customer or entitlement holder with respect to the Designated Accounts, the Administrator shall obtain the express agreement of such Person to the obligations of the Account Holder set forth in this Section 8.2.

(iii) With respect to the Designated Account Property, the Indenture Trustee, as customer or entitlement holder with respect to each Designated Account, as applicable, agrees, by its acceptance hereof, that:

(A) The Designated Accounts are accounts to which Financial Assets will be credited.

(B) All securities or other property underlying any Financial Assets credited to the Designated Accounts shall be registered in the name of the Account Holder or the securities intermediary, indorsed to the Account Holder or the securities intermediary or in blank or credited to another securities account maintained in the name of the Account Holder or the securities intermediary and in no case will any Financial Asset credited to any of the Designated Accounts be registered in the name of the Issuing Entity, the Servicer or the Seller, payable to the order of the Issuing Entity, the Servicer or the Seller or specially indorsed to the Issuing Entity, the Servicer or the Seller except to the extent the foregoing have been specially indorsed to the Account Holder or in blank.

(C) All property delivered to the Account Holder pursuant to this Agreement or the Indenture will be promptly credited to the appropriate Designated Account.

(D) Each item of property (whether investments, investment property, Financial Asset, security, instrument or cash) credited to a Designated Account shall be treated as a “Financial Asset” within the meaning of Section 8-102(a)(9) of the New York UCC.

 

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(E) If at any time the Account Holder shall receive any entitlement order from the Indenture Trustee directing transfer or redemption of any Financial Asset relating to the Designated Accounts, the Account Holder shall comply with such entitlement order without further consent by the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Servicer, the Seller or any other Person.

(F) The Designated Accounts shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York, regardless of any provision in any other agreement. For purposes of the UCC, New York shall be deemed to be the Account Holder’s jurisdiction and the Designated Accounts (as well as the Securities Entitlements related thereto) shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York. The laws of the State of New York shall govern all issues specified in Article 2(1) of the Hague Securities Convention with respect to each “account agreement” (within the meaning of the Hague Securities Convention) of each Designated Account. The Account Holder shall have at the time of entry of each such account agreement and shall continue to have at all relevant times one or more offices (within the meaning of the Hague Securities Convention) in the United States of America which satisfies the criteria provided in Article 4(1)(a) or (b) of the Hague Securities Convention.

(G) The Account Holder has not entered into, and until the termination of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement with any other person relating to the Designated Accounts and/or any Financial Assets credited thereto pursuant to which it has agreed to comply with entitlement orders (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the New York UCC) of such other person and the Account Holder has not entered into, and until the termination of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement with the Issuing Entity, the Seller, the Servicer or the Indenture Trustee purporting to limit or condition the obligation of the Account Holder to comply with entitlement orders as set forth in Section 8.2(a)(iii)(E).

(H) Except for the claims and interest of the Indenture Trustee and of the Issuing Entity in the Designated Accounts, the Account Holder knows of no claim to, or interest in, the Designated Accounts or in any Financial Asset credited thereto. If any other Person asserts any Lien, encumbrance or adverse claim (including any writ, garnishment, judgment, warrant of attachment, execution or similar process) against the Designated Accounts or in any Financial Asset carried therein, the Account Holder will promptly notify the Indenture Trustee, the Servicer and the Issuing Entity thereof.

(I) The Account Holder will make available electronically, copies of all statements, confirmations and other correspondence concerning the Designated Accounts and any Designated Account Property simultaneously to each of the Servicer and the Indenture Trustee.

(J) Any Designated Account Property that constitutes Physical Property shall be delivered to the Indenture Trustee and shall be held, pending maturity or disposition, solely by the Indenture Trustee, or by an Account Holder acting solely for the Indenture Trustee, as collateral agent.

 

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(iv) The Indenture Trustee shall possess all right, title and interest in and to all funds on deposit from time to time in the Designated Accounts and in all proceeds thereof. The Designated Accounts shall be under the sole dominion and control of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Securityholders and the Issuing Entity (as specified herein).

(v) The Administrator shall not direct the Indenture Trustee to make any investment of any funds or to sell any investment held in any of the Designated Accounts unless the security interest granted and perfected in such account shall continue to be perfected in such investment or the proceeds of such sale, in either case without any further action by any Person.

(vi) Except as otherwise provided herein, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Account Holder and each other institution with whom a Designated Account is maintained waives any right of set-off, counterclaim, security interest or bankers’ lien to which it might otherwise be entitled in its individual capacity.

(b) Application of Collections; Additional Deposits.

(i) On or before the Closing Date, the Seller or the Depositor shall deposit the Reserve Account Initial Deposit into the Reserve Account from the net proceeds of the sale of the Notes.

(ii) On or before the Closing Date, the Depositor shall deposit the Class N Reserve Account Initial Deposit into the Class N Reserve Account from the net proceeds of the sale of the Notes.

(iii) The Servicer, the Depositor or the Seller, as the case may be, shall deposit or cause to be deposited in the Collection Account the aggregate Purchase Amount with respect to Purchased Receivables and the Servicer shall deposit therein all amounts to be paid under Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement. Except for those deposits to be made by Servicer under Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement, all such deposits shall be made, in immediately available funds, on the Business Day preceding the Determination Date. With respect to deposits to be made by Servicer under Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement, such deposits shall be made, in immediately available funds, on the Business Day preceding the Distribution Date.

(iv) On each Distribution Date, the Indenture Trustee shall transfer from the Reserve Account and deposit in the Note Distribution Account before 12:00 p.m. (New York time) the Reserve Account Draw Amount (if any) for that Distribution Date in accordance with the Servicer’s Certificate.

 

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(v) On each Distribution Date, the Indenture Trustee shall transfer from the Class N Reserve Account and deposit in the Note Distribution Account before 12:00 p.m. (New York time) the Class N Reserve Account Draw Amount (if any) for that Distribution Date in accordance with the Servicer’s Certificate.

(vi) On each Distribution Date, the Indenture Trustee shall transfer from the Collection Account to the Servicer, in immediately available funds, an amount equal to the Supplemental Servicing Fees and Liquidation Expenses (as set forth on the Servicer’s Certificate) (and any unpaid Supplemental Servicing Fees and Liquidation Expenses from prior periods) during the related Collection Period in accordance with the Servicer’s Certificate.

(vii) On any Distribution Date that the amount on deposit in the Reserve Account together with Available Funds is sufficient to pay all amounts due pursuant to Sections 2.7(b)(i) through (xiii) and the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Class A Notes, Class B Notes, Class C Notes and the Class D Notes then such amount will be used to repay all such outstanding classes of Notes in full on such Distribution Date.

(c) Distributions. On each Distribution Date, in accordance with the Servicer’s Certificate, the Indenture Trustee shall cause to be distributed to the Noteholders all amounts on deposit in the Note Distribution Account (subject to the Depositor’s rights to Investment Earnings pursuant to Section 8.2(a)(ii) hereof) in the following order of priority and in the amounts determined as described below:

(i) On each Distribution Date, the amount deposited in the Note Distribution Account in respect of interest on the Notes shall be applied in the following order of priority, to the extent of remaining funds after all earlier priorities have been satisfied, and any amount so applied shall be paid on such Distribution Date to the holders of Notes of each applicable Class:

(A) the Aggregate Class A Interest Distributable Amount shall be paid to the holders of the Class A Notes;

(B) the Aggregate Class B Interest Distributable Amount shall be paid to the holders of the Class B Notes;

(C) the Aggregate Class C Interest Distributable Amount shall be paid to the holders of the Class C Notes;

(D) the Aggregate Class D Interest Distributable Amount shall be paid to the holders of the Class D Notes; and

(E) the Aggregate Class N Interest Distributable Amount shall be paid to the holders of the Class N Notes;

 

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provided however, if there are not sufficient funds to so pay the entire amount specified in any of the foregoing priorities for a particular Class of Notes, then the amount available for such Class of Notes shall be paid to the Holders thereof ratably on the basis of the total amount of accrued and unpaid interest owing to each such Holder.

(ii) The amount deposited in the Note Distribution Account pursuant to Section 2.7(b) (v), (vii), (ix), (xi) and (xiii), as applicable, shall be applied to each Class of Notes in the following amounts and in the following order of priority and any amount so applied shall be paid on such Distribution Date to the Holders of such Class of Notes:

(1) to the Class A-1 Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class A-1 Notes is reduced to zero;

(2) to the Class A-2 Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class A-2 Notes is reduced to zero;

(3) to the Class A-3 Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class A-3 Notes is reduced to zero;

(4) to the Class A-4 Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class A-4 Notes is reduced to zero;

(5) to the Class B Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class B Notes is reduced to zero;

(6) to the Class C Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class C Notes is reduced to zero;

(7) to the Class D Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class D Notes is reduced to zero.

(iii) The amount deposited in the Note Distribution Account pursuant to Section 2.7(b)(xvi) shall be applied to the Class N Notes, until the Outstanding Amount of the Class N Notes is reduced to zero.

Section 8.3 General Provisions Regarding Accounts.

(a) So long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, all or a portion of the funds in the Designated Accounts shall be invested in Eligible Investments upon Issuing Entity Order. Absent such direction, the funds shall remain uninvested. All such investments shall mature or be liquidated no later than the Business Day preceding the next Distribution Date. All income or other gain (net of losses and investment expenses) from investments of monies deposited in the Collection Account, the Reserve Account or the Class N Reserve Account shall be withdrawn (or caused to be withdrawn) by the Indenture Trustee from such accounts and distributed as provided herein to the Depositor. Each of the Issuing Entity and the Administrator acknowledges that upon its written request and at no additional cost, it has the right to receive notification after the completion of each purchase and sale of Eligible Investments or the Indenture Trustee’s receipt of a broker’s confirmation. Each of the Issuing Entity and the

 

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Administrator agrees that such notifications shall not be provided by the Indenture Trustee hereunder, and the Indenture Trustee shall make available, upon request and in lieu of notifications, periodic account statements that reflect such investment activity. No statement need be made available for any account if no activity has occurred in such account during such period.

(b) Subject to Section 6.1(c), the Indenture Trustee shall not in any way be held liable by reason of any insufficiency in any of the Designated Accounts resulting from any loss on any Eligible Investment included therein except for losses attributable to the Indenture Trustee’s failure to make payments on such Eligible Investments issued by the Indenture Trustee, in its commercial capacity as principal obligor and not as trustee, in accordance with their terms.

(c) If (i) the Issuing Entity shall have failed to give investment directions for any funds on deposit in the Designated Accounts to the Indenture Trustee by 11:00 a.m., New York City time (or such other time as may be agreed by the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee) on any Business Day; or (ii) a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing with respect to the Notes but the Notes shall not have been declared due and payable pursuant to Section 5.2, or, if such Notes shall have been declared due and payable following an Event of Default, but amounts collected or receivable from the Collateral are being applied in accordance with Section 5.5 as if there had not been such a declaration; then in each case, funds in the Designated Accounts shall remain uninvested.

Section 8.4 Release of Trust Estate.

(a) Subject to the payment of its fees and expenses pursuant to Section 6.7, the Indenture Trustee may, and when required by the provisions of this Indenture shall, execute instruments to release property from the Lien of this Indenture, or convey the Indenture Trustee’s interest in the same, in a manner and under circumstances that are consistent with the provisions of this Indenture. No party relying upon an instrument executed by the Indenture Trustee as provided in this Article VIII shall be bound to ascertain the Indenture Trustee’s authority, inquire into the satisfaction of any conditions precedent or see to the application of any monies.

(b) The Indenture Trustee shall, at such time as there are no Notes Outstanding and all sums due to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 6.7 have been paid and the Grantor Trust has been dissolved, release any remaining portion of the Collateral that secured the Notes from the Lien of this Indenture and release to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or any other Person entitled thereto any funds then on deposit in the Designated Accounts, including distribution of the funds in the Reserve Account, less Investment Earnings, to the Certificate Distribution Account (for further distribution to the Certificateholders). The Indenture Trustee shall release property from the Lien of this Indenture pursuant to this Section 8.4(b) only upon receipt by it of an Issuing Entity Request, an Officer’s Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel addressed to the Indenture Trustee and (if required by the TIA) Independent Certificates in accordance with TIA §§ 314(c) and 314(d)(1) meeting the applicable requirements of Section 11.1.

(c) The Indenture Trustee shall, at such time as there are no Class N Notes Outstanding and all sums due to the Indenture Trustee in connection with, and reasonably attributable (as determined by the Administrator) to, such Class N Notes pursuant to Section 6.7 have been paid, release any remaining portion of the Collateral that secured the Class N Notes

 

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from the Lien of this Indenture and release to the Depositor any funds then on deposit in the Class N Reserve Account, including Investment Earnings. The Indenture Trustee shall release such property from the Lien of this Indenture pursuant to this Section 8.4(c) only upon receipt by it of an Issuing Entity Request and an Officer’s Certificate certifying that all conditions precedent to such release have been satisfied.

Section 8.5 Opinion of Counsel. The Indenture Trustee shall receive at least seven (7) calendar days’ notice when requested by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to take any action pursuant to Section 8.4(a), accompanied by copies of any instruments involved, and the Indenture Trustee shall also require as a condition to such action, an Opinion of Counsel, in form and substance satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, stating the legal effect of any such action, outlining the steps required to complete the same, and concluding that all conditions precedent to the taking of such action have been complied with and such action shall not materially and adversely impair the security for the Secured Obligations or the rights of the Secured Parties in contravention of the provisions of this Indenture; provided, however, that such Opinion of Counsel shall not be required to express an opinion as to the fair value of the Collateral. Counsel rendering any such opinion may rely, without independent investigation, on the accuracy and validity of any certificate or other instrument delivered to the Indenture Trustee in connection with any such action.

ARTICLE IX

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

Section 9.1 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Noteholders.

(a) Without the consent of the Holders of any Notes but with prior notice by the Issuing Entity to the Rating Agencies, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuing Entity Order, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date of the execution thereof), for any of the following purposes:

(i) to correct or amplify the description of any property at any time subject to the Lien of this Indenture, or better to assure, convey and confirm unto the Indenture Trustee any property subject or required to be subjected to the Lien of this Indenture;

(ii) to subject additional property to the Lien of this Indenture, provided that in the case of this clause (ii), the consent of the Certificateholders shall be required;

(iii) to add to the covenants of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, for the benefit of the Securityholders or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Issuing Entity;

(iv) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any property to or with the Indenture Trustee;

 

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(v) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision herein or in any supplemental indenture which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein or in any supplemental indenture or in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum or any other Transaction Document;

(vi) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the appointment hereunder by a successor or additional trustee with respect to the Notes and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Article VI; or

(vii) to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to effect the qualification of this Indenture under the TIA or under any similar federal statute hereafter enacted and to add to this Indenture such other provisions as may be expressly required by the TIA, and the Indenture Trustee is hereby authorized to join in the execution of any such supplemental indenture and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained.

(b) The Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust and, when authorized by an Issuing Entity Order, the Indenture Trustee, may, also without the consent of any of the Noteholders but with prior written notice by the Issuing Entity to the Rating Agencies, at any time and from time to time enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto (i) for the purpose of adding any provisions to, changing in any manner, or eliminating any of the provisions of, this Indenture or modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders under this Indenture in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely affect the interests of any Noteholder or (ii) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such supplemental indenture and the Depositor or the Administrator notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such supplemental indenture.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the effect that any amendment pursuant to this Section 9.1 would not cause either of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

(d) The Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Owner Trustee’s or the Grantor Trust Trustee’s rights, duties, immunities, indemnities or liabilities under this Indenture. No amendment which adversely affects the rights, duties, indemnities, immunities or liabilities of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement shall be effective without its prior written consent.

 

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(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture to the contrary, no supplemental indenture shall be effective without the prior written consent of the Asset Representations Reviewer if the supplemental indenture would adversely modify the amount or timing of distributions to be made to the Asset Representations Reviewer under this Indenture. The Indenture Trustee shall have no responsibility for determining whether any supplemental indenture would adversely modify the amount or timing of distributions to be made to the Asset Representations Reviewer under this Indenture.

Section 9.2 Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Noteholders.

(a) The Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust may and, when authorized by an Issuing Entity Order, the Indenture Trustee, also may, with 10 Business Days prior written notice by the Issuing Entity to each of the Rating Agencies, and with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, by Act of such Holders delivered to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to, changing in any manner, or eliminating any of the provisions of, this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Note adversely affected thereby:

(i) change the due date of any installment of principal of or interest on any Note, or reduce the principal amount thereof, the interest rate applicable thereto, or the Redemption Price with respect thereto, change any place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Note or any interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of the provisions of this Indenture requiring the application of funds available therefor, as provided in Article V, to the payment of any such amount due on the Notes on or after the respective due dates thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date);

(ii) reduce the percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, the consent of the Holders of which is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of the Holders of which is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences as provided for in this Indenture;

(iii) modify or alter the provisions of the proviso to the definition of the term “Outstanding”;

(iv) reduce the percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes required to direct the Indenture Trustee to sell or liquidate the Collateral pursuant to Section 5.4 if the proceeds of such sale would be insufficient to pay the principal amount of and accrued but unpaid interest on the Outstanding Notes;

(v) modify any provision of this Section 9.2 to decrease the required minimum percentage necessary to approve any amendments to any provisions of this Indenture or any of the Transaction Documents; or

(vi) permit the creation of any Lien ranking prior to or on a parity with the Lien of this Indenture with respect to any part of the Collateral or, except as otherwise permitted or contemplated herein, terminate the Lien of this Indenture on any property at any time subject thereto or deprive the Holder of any Note of the security afforded by the Lien of this Indenture.

 

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(b) The Indenture Trustee may rely on an Officer’s Certificate and/or an Opinion of Counsel in determining whether or not any Notes would be affected (such that the consent of each Noteholder would be required) by any supplemental indenture proposed pursuant to this Section 9.2 and any such determination shall be binding upon the Holders of all Notes, whether authenticated and delivered thereunder before or after the date upon which such supplemental indenture becomes effective.

(c) It shall be sufficient if an Act of Noteholders approves the substance, but not the form, of any proposed supplemental indenture.

(d) Promptly after the execution by the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Section 9.2, the Indenture Trustee shall deliver to the Noteholders a copy of such supplemental indenture. Any failure of the Indenture Trustee to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.

(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the effect that any amendment pursuant to this Section 9.2 would not cause either of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

Section 9.3 Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing, or permitting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article IX or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and subject to Sections 6.1 and 6.2, shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture have been satisfied. The Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Indenture Trustee’s own rights, duties, liabilities or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

Section 9.4 Effect of Supplemental Indenture. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions hereof, this Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith with respect to the Notes affected thereby, and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties, liabilities and immunities under this Indenture of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Noteholders shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.

 

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Section 9.5 Reference in Notes to Supplemental Indentures. Notes authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article IX may, and if required by the Indenture Trustee shall, bear a notation in form approved by the Issuing Entity as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Indenture Trustee shall so determine, new Notes so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Indenture Trustee and the Issuing Entity, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Issuing Entity and authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Notes of the same Class.

Section 9.6 Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every amendment of this Indenture and every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article IX shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect so long as this Indenture shall then be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act.

ARTICLE X

REDEMPTION OF NOTES

Section 10.1 Redemption. The Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are subject to redemption in whole, but not in part, upon the exercise by the Servicer of its option to purchase the Receivables pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement. The date on which such redemption shall occur is the Distribution Date following the Optional Purchase Date identified by Servicer in its notice of exercise of such purchase option (the “Redemption Date”). The purchase price for the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) shall be equal to the applicable Redemption Price. After receipt of such notice from the Servicer pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement, the Issuing Entity shall furnish the Rating Agencies notice of such redemption. If the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are to be redeemed pursuant to this Section 10.1, the Servicer or the Issuing Entity shall furnish notice thereof to the Indenture Trustee not later than ten (10) calendar days prior to the Redemption Date and the Indenture Trustee (based on such notice) shall withdraw from the Collection Account and deposit into the Note Distribution Account, on the Redemption Date, the aggregate Redemption Price of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes), whereupon all such Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) shall be due and payable on the Redemption Date.

Section 10.2 Form of Redemption Notice. Notice of redemption of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) under Section 10.1 shall be given by the Indenture Trustee by first-class mail, postage prepaid, or by facsimile mailed or transmitted promptly following receipt of notice from the Issuing Entity or the Servicer pursuant to Section 10.1, but not later than five (5) calendar days prior to the applicable Redemption Date to each Noteholder of record at such Noteholder’s address or facsimile number appearing in the Note Register (or otherwise communicate such notice of redemption electronically to the Noteholders).

(a) All notices of redemption shall state:

(i) the Redemption Date;

(ii) the applicable Redemption Price; and

 

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(iii) the place where Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price (which shall be the office or agency of the Issuing Entity to be maintained as provided in Section 3.2).

(b) Notice of redemption of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) shall be given by the Indenture Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Issuing Entity. Failure to give notice of redemption, or any defect therein, to any Holder of any Note shall not impair or affect the validity of the redemption of any other Note.

Section 10.3 Notes Payable on Redemption Date. The Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) to be redeemed shall, following notice of redemption as required by Section 10.2, on the Redemption Date cease to be Outstanding for purposes of this Indenture and shall thereafter represent only the right to receive the applicable Redemption Price and (unless the Issuing Entity shall default in the payment of such Redemption Price) no interest shall accrue on such Redemption Price for any period after the date to which accrued interest is calculated for purposes of calculating such Redemption Price.

ARTICLE XI

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 11.1 Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc.

(a) Upon any application or request by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to the Indenture Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture that requires an application or request hereunder, the Issuing Entity shall, if requested by the Indenture Trustee, furnish to the Indenture Trustee: (i) an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with, (ii) an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, and (iii) (if required by the TIA) an Independent Certificate from a firm of certified public accountants meeting the applicable requirements of this Section 11.1, except that, in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished. Every certificate or opinion delivered with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:

(i) a statement that each signatory of such certificate or opinion has read or has caused to be read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

(ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

(iii) a statement that, in the judgment of each such signatory, such signatory has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable such signatory to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

 

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(iv) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such signatory, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

(b)

(i) Prior to the deposit with the Indenture Trustee of any Collateral or other property or securities that is to be made the basis for the release of any property or securities subject to the Lien of this Indenture, the Issuing Entity shall, in addition to any obligation imposed in Section 11.1(a) or elsewhere in this Indenture, furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of each Person signing such certificate as to the fair value (within ninety (90) calendar days of such deposit) to the Issuing Entity of the Collateral or other property or securities to be so deposited.

(ii) Whenever the Issuing Entity is required to furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of any signer thereof as to the matters described in clause (b)(i) above, the Issuing Entity shall also deliver to the Indenture Trustee an Independent Certificate as to the same matters, if the fair value to the Issuing Entity of the property or securities to be so deposited and of all other such securities made on the basis of any such withdrawal or release since the commencement of the then current fiscal year of the Issuing Entity, as set forth in the certificates delivered pursuant to clause (i) above and this clause (b)(ii), is 10% or more of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes, but such a certificate need not be furnished with respect to any securities so deposited, if the fair value thereof to the Issuing Entity as set forth in the related Officer’s Certificate is less than $25,000 or less than one percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes.

(iii) Other than with respect to the release of any Purchased Receivables, whenever any property or securities are to be released from the Lien of this Indenture, the Issuing Entity shall also furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of each Person signing such certificate as to the fair value (within ninety (90) calendar days of such release) of the property or securities proposed to be released and stating that in the opinion of such Person the proposed release will not impair the security under this Indenture in contravention of the provisions hereof.

(iv) Whenever the Issuing Entity is required to furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of any signatory thereof as to the matters described in clause (b)(iii) above, the Issuing Entity shall also furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Independent Certificate as to the same matters if the fair value of the property or securities and of all other property, other than Purchased Receivables or Receivables valued at their Principal Balance of the Receivables, or securities released from the lien of this Indenture since the commencement of the then current calendar year, as set forth in the certificates required by clause (b)(iii) above and this clause (b)(iv), equals 10% or more of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes, but such certificate need not be furnished in the case of any release of property or securities if the fair value thereof as set forth in the related Officer’s Certificate is less than $25,000 or less than one percent of the then Outstanding Amount of the Notes.

 

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(v) Notwithstanding Section 2.9 or any other provision of this Section 11.1, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable, may (A) collect, liquidate, sell or otherwise dispose of Receivables as and to the extent permitted or required by the Transaction Documents, (B) make cash payments out of the Designated Accounts and the Certificate Distribution Account as and to the extent permitted or required by the Transaction Documents and (C) take any other action not inconsistent with the TIA.

Section 11.2 Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee.

(a) In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

(b) Any certificate or opinion of an Authorized Officer of the Issuing Entity may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that any certificate, opinion or representation with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based is erroneous. Any such certificate of an Authorized Officer or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Servicer, the Sponsor, the Depositor, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Administrator, stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Servicer, the Sponsor, the Depositor, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Administrator, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

(c) Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

(d) Whenever in this Indenture, in connection with any application or certificate or report to the Indenture Trustee, it is provided that the Issuing Entity shall deliver any document as a condition of the granting of such application, or as evidence of the Issuing Entity’s compliance with any term hereof, it is intended that the truth and accuracy, at the time of the granting of such application or at the effective date of such certificate or report (as the case may be), of the facts and opinions stated in such document shall in such case be conditions precedent to the right of the Issuing Entity to have such application granted or to the sufficiency of such certificate or report. The foregoing shall not, however, be construed to affect the Indenture Trustee’s right to rely upon the truth and accuracy of any statement or opinion contained in any such document as provided in Article VI.

 

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Section 11.3 Acts of Noteholders.

(a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Noteholders or a Class of Noteholders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Noteholders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and except as herein otherwise expressly provided such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Indenture Trustee, and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Noteholders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.1) conclusive in favor of the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust and the Issuing Entity, if made in the manner provided in this Section 11.3.

(b) The fact and date of the execution by any person of any such instrument or writing may be proved in any manner that the Indenture Trustee deems sufficient.

(c) The ownership of Notes shall be proved by the Note Register.

(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Notes (or any one or more Predecessor Notes) shall bind the Holder of every Note issued upon the registration thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Note.

Section 11.4 Notices, etc., to Indenture Trustee, Grantor Trust, Issuing Entity and Rating Agencies. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Noteholders or other documents provided or permitted by this Indenture shall be in writing and if such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, instruction, consent, waiver, Act of Noteholders or other document is to be made upon, given or furnished to or filed with:

(a) the Indenture Trustee by any Noteholder or by the Issuing Entity shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Indenture Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office;

(b) the Grantor Trust Trustee by the Indenture Trustee or by any Noteholder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and either sent by electronic facsimile transmission (with hard copy to follow via first class mail) or mailed, by certified mail, return receipt requested to the Grantor Trust Trustee at the address specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement;

(c) to the Owner Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Owner Trustee;

 

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(d) the Grantor Trust by the Indenture Trustee or by any Noteholder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and either sent by electronic facsimile transmission (with hard copy to follow via first class mail) or mailed, by certified mail, return receipt requested to the Grantor Trust and the Grantor Trust Trustee each at the address specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement; or

(e) the Issuing Entity by the Indenture Trustee or by any Noteholder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if in writing and either sent by electronic facsimile transmission (with hard copy to follow via first class mail) or mailed, by certified mail, return receipt requested to the Issuing Entity and the Owner Trustee each at the address specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

The Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall promptly transmit any notice received by it from the Noteholders to the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall likewise promptly transmit any notice received by it from the Noteholders to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust.

Notices required to be given to the Rating Agencies by the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Section 11.5 Notices to Noteholders; Waiver.

(a) Where this Indenture provides for notice to Noteholders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if it is in writing and mailed, first-class, postage prepaid to each Noteholder affected by such event, at such Person’s address as it appears on the Note Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. If notice to Noteholders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice nor any defect in any notice so mailed to any particular Noteholder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Noteholders, and any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall conclusively be presumed to have been duly given regardless of whether such notice is in fact actually received.

(b) Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by any Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Noteholders shall be filed with the Indenture Trustee but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such a waiver.

(c) In case, by reason of the suspension of regular mail service as a result of a strike, work stoppage or similar activity, it shall be impractical to mail notice of any event of Noteholders when such notice is required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed to be a sufficient giving of such notice.

(d) Where this Indenture provides for notice to the Rating Agencies, failure to give such notice shall not affect any other rights or obligations created hereunder, and shall not under any circumstance constitute an Event of Default.

 

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(e) In the case of Book-Entry Notes, if the Note Depository allows for delivery of notice and other communications by electronic means, mail shall mean such electronic means, unless otherwise required by law.

Section 11.6 Alternate Payment and Notice Provisions. Notwithstanding any provision of this Indenture or any of the Notes to the contrary, the Issuing Entity may enter into any agreement with any Holder of a Note providing for a method of payment, or notice by the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent to such Holder, that is different from the methods provided for in this Indenture for such payments or notices. The Issuing Entity shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee a copy of each such agreement and the Indenture Trustee shall cause payments to be made and notices to be given in accordance with such agreements.

Section 11.7 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof that is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control.

The provisions of TIA §§ 310 through 317 that impose duties on any person (including the provisions automatically deemed included herein unless expressly excluded by this Indenture) are a part of and govern this Indenture, whether or not physically contained herein.

Section 11.8 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and Section headings herein and the table of contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

Section 11.9 Successors and Assigns.

(a) All covenants and agreements in this Indenture and the Notes by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

(b) All covenants and agreements of the Indenture Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

Section 11.10 Severability. In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Notes shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Indenture and the Notes shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

Section 11.11 Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Notes, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, and to the extent expressly provided herein, the Noteholders, the Certificateholders, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, any other party secured hereunder and any other Person with an ownership interest in any part of the Trust Estate, each of which shall be considered to be a third party beneficiary hereof. The Asset Representations Reviewer shall be a third-party beneficiary to this Indenture, but only to the extent that it has any rights specified herein. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no other Person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

 

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Section 11.12 Legal Holidays. If the date on which any payment is due shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of the Notes or this Indenture) payment need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the date on which nominally due, and except as otherwise provided in the Transaction Documents, no interest shall accrue for the period from and after any such nominal date.

Section 11.13 Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial. THIS INDENTURE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 AND SECTION 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO AND EACH HOLDER BY ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE AGREES TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF ANY FEDERAL COURT LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK. THE PARTIES HERETO AND EACH HOLDER BY ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

Section 11.14 Counterparts. This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. This Indenture shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings; provided, however, that any documentation with respect to transfer of the Notes or other securities presented to the Indenture Trustee or any transfer agent must contain original documents with manually executed signatures.

 

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Section 11.15 Recording of Indenture. If this Indenture is subject to recording in any appropriate public recording offices, such recording is to be effected by the Issuing Entity and at its expense accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such recording is necessary either for the protection of the Noteholders or any other Person secured hereunder or for the enforcement of any right or remedy granted to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture.

Section 11.16 No Recourse. No recourse may be taken, directly or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Indenture Trustee on the Notes or under this Indenture or any certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or therewith, against:

(a) the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Owner Trustee or in their individual capacities;

(b) the Depositor or any other owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity; or

(c) any partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer, director, employee or agent of the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, the Depositor or any other holder of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee or of any successor or assign of the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee in their individual capacities (or any of their successors or assigns), except as any such Person may have expressly agreed (it being understood that the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee have no such obligations in their individual capacities) and except that any such partner, owner or beneficiary shall be fully liable, to the extent provided by applicable law, for any unpaid consideration for stock, unpaid capital contribution or failure to pay any installment or call owing to such entity. For all purposes of this Indenture, in the performance of any duties or obligations of the Issuing Entity hereunder, the Owner Trustee shall be subject to, and entitled to the benefits of, the terms and provisions of Articles VI, VII and VIII of the Trust Agreement. For all purposes of this Indenture, in the performance of any duties or obligations of the Grantor Trust hereunder, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be subject to, and entitled to the benefits of, the terms and provisions of Articles VI, VII and VIII of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

Section 11.17 No Petition. The Indenture Trustee, by entering into this Indenture, and each Noteholder and Note Owner, by accepting a Note (or interest therein) issued hereunder, hereby covenant and agree that they shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of this Indenture, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity or any substantial part of the property of such entity, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity under any federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

 

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Section 11.18 Inspection. The Issuing Entity agrees that, on reasonable prior notice, it shall permit any representative of the Indenture Trustee, during the Issuing Entity’s normal business hours, to examine all the books of account, records, reports, and other papers of the Issuing Entity, to make copies and extracts therefrom, to cause such books to be audited by Independent certified public accountants, and to discuss the Issuing Entity’s affairs, finances and accounts with the Issuing Entity’s officers, employees and Independent certified public accountants, all at such reasonable times and as often as may be reasonably requested. The Indenture Trustee shall and shall cause its representatives to hold in confidence all such information except to the extent disclosure may be required by law to a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to a subpoena or valid court order or to its regulators and any authorized governmental agency in connection with any audit or regulatory examination (and all reasonable applications for confidential treatment are unavailing) and except to the extent that the Indenture Trustee may reasonably determine that such disclosure is consistent with its obligations hereunder.

Section 11.19 Subordination. Each Noteholder by accepting a Note (or any interest therein) acknowledges that such Person’s Note (or interest therein) represents an obligation of the Issuing Entity only and does not represent interests in or obligations of the Grantor Trust, the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse, either directly or indirectly, may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated in the Transaction Documents. Each Noteholder by the acceptance of a Note (or beneficial interest therein) agrees that except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, in the event of nonpayment of any amounts with respect to the Notes, each Noteholder shall have no claim against any of the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any Affiliate for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom. In the event that any of the covenants above of each Noteholder is prohibited by, or declared illegal or otherwise unenforceable against any such Noteholder under applicable law by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction, and, as a result, a Noteholder is deemed to have an interest in any assets of the Depositor or any Affiliate of the Depositor other than the Issuing Entity, each Noteholder agrees that (i) its claim against any such other assets shall be, and hereby is, subject and subordinate in all respects to the rights of other Persons to whom rights in the other assets have been expressly granted, including to the payment in full of all amounts owing to such entitled Persons, and (ii) the covenant set forth in the preceding clause (i) constitutes a “subordination agreement” within the meaning of, and subject to, Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.

Section 11.20 Concerning the Owner Trustee. It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, respectively, as applicable, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the

 

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parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, under this Agreement.

ARTICLE XII- COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION AB

Section 12.1 Information to be Provided by the Indenture Trustee.

(a) Except to the extent disclosed by the Indenture Trustee in subsection (b) below, the Indenture Trustee shall (i) on or before the fifth Business Day of each month, notify the Depositor, in writing, of any Form 10-D Disclosure Item of which a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee has actual knowledge together with a description of any such Form 10-D Disclosure Item in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Depositor; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee shall not be required to provide such information in the event that there has been no change to the information previously provided by the Indenture Trustee to Depositor, and (ii) as promptly as practicable following notice to or actual knowledge by a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee of any changes to such information, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

(b) The Indenture Trustee shall, as promptly as practicable following written notice to, or actual knowledge of, a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee of any changes to any information regarding the Indenture Trustee as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1117, of Regulation AB, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

(c) The Indenture Trustee shall notify the Depositor in writing on or before March 15 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 15, 2023, of any Form 10-D Disclosure Item of which a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee has actual knowledge together with a description of any such Form 10-D Disclosure Item in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Depositor; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee shall not be required to provide such information in the event that there has been no change to the information previously provided by the Indenture Trustee to Depositor.

(d) The Indenture Trustee shall notify the Depositor in writing on or before March 15 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 15, 2023, of any affiliation between the Indenture Trustee and any of the following parties to this securitization transaction, as such parties are identified to the Indenture Trustee by the Depositor in writing in advance of this securitization transaction:

(i) the Depositor;

(ii) Carvana, LLC, as sponsor;

 

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(iii) the Issuing Entity;

(iv) the Grantor Trust;

(v) the Owner Trustee;

(vi) the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(vii) the Servicer;

(viii) the Backup Servicer;

(ix) the Asset Representations Reviewer;

(x) the Collateral Custodian; and

(xi) any other material transaction party.

(e) In connection with the parties listed in clauses (i) through (xi) above, the Indenture Trustee shall include a description of whether there is, and if so, the general character of, any business relationship, agreement, arrangement, transaction or understanding that is entered into outside the ordinary course of business or is on terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated third party, apart from this securitization transaction, that currently exists or that existed during the past two years and that is material to an investor’s understanding of the asset backed securities issued in this securitization transaction.

(f) The Indenture Trustee shall provide the Depositor with notification, as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days, of all demands delivered in writing to a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee for the repurchase or replacement of any Receivable pursuant to any Transaction Document. Subject to this Section 12.1, the Indenture Trustee shall have no obligation to take any other action with respect to any demand. In no event shall the Indenture Trustee have (i) any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB or (ii) any duty or obligation to undertake any investigation or inquiry related to repurchase activity or otherwise to assume any additional duties or responsibilities except as expressly set forth in this Section 12.1.

Section 12.2 Noteholder Demand for Asset Representations Review.

(a) If the Delinquency Percentage for any Distribution Date meets or exceeds the Delinquency Trigger, a Noteholder (if the Notes are represented by Definitive Notes) or a Verified Note Owner (if the Notes are represented by Book-Entry Notes), may make a demand on the Indenture Trustee to cause a vote of the Noteholders or Note Owners, as applicable, about whether to direct the Asset Representations Reviewer to conduct an Asset Representations Review under the Asset Representations Review Agreement. If Noteholders and Note Owners that collectively hold Notes evidencing at least 5% of the aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes (other than the Class N Notes) as of the date of filing the Form 10-D that disclosed that the Delinquency Percentage for the related Distribution Date meets or exceeds the Delinquency Trigger demand a vote within 90 calendar days of the filing of such Form 10-D, the Indenture Trustee will promptly request a vote of the Noteholders and Note Owners as described in Section 12.2(b) below;

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


provided, that for the purpose of determining the holders of the Notes Outstanding, any Notes held by the Sponsor or any of its Affiliates shall not be included in such calculation.

(b) Upon the direction of the Requisite Noteholders or Note Owners set forth in Section 12.2 (a), the Indenture Trustee shall conduct a vote of all Noteholders in accordance with the Indenture Trustee’s standard vote solicitation process and shall cause a vote to be conducted in accordance with applicable Depository Trust Company procedures of all Noteholders and Note Owners. The Indenture Trustee shall provide to the Depositor, to the extent available from the Depository Trust Company, if applicable, the voting instructions and procedures applicable to the Noteholders and Note Owners to be included in the Form 10-D filed by the Issuing Entity with the Commission. Such Form 10-D will also include a statement that sufficient Noteholders are requesting a full Noteholder vote to commence an Asset Representations Review and will describe the applicable voting deadline. Each Noteholder that elects to vote shall vote on the issue of whether or not the Asset Representations Reviewer should be directed to conduct an Asset Representations Review. The vote will remain open until the 150th day after the filing of the Form 10-D reporting that the Delinquency Percentage for the related Distribution Date meets or exceeds the Delinquency Trigger.

(c) In the event that a Verified Note Owner exercises its right to vote such Note Owner’s beneficial interest, the Indenture Trustee shall provide a copy of the supporting evidence provided to the Indenture Trustee to the Issuing Entity.

(d) If Noteholders holding at least 5.0% of the aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Notes (other than the Class N Notes) participate in such vote, and Noteholders representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of such Notes vote for an Asset Representations Review, the Indenture Trustee will promptly send an Asset Representations Review Notice to the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Issuing Entity and the Servicer at the address specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement notifying the Asset Representations Reviewer that the Noteholders have requested the Asset Representations Review.

(e) The Indenture Trustee shall reasonably cooperate with the Asset Representations Reviewer in the event an Asset Representations Review is commenced pursuant to this Section 12.2 and shall provide the Asset Representations Reviewer with any documents or other information in its possession and requested by the Asset Representations Reviewer in connection with the Asset Representations Review. The Indenture Trustee shall have no obligation to obtain missing information from any other party or source.

(f) For the avoidance of doubt, the Indenture Trustee shall not be required to (i) give notice to Noteholders that or determine whether the Delinquency Percentage for any Distribution Date meets or exceeds the Delinquency Trigger or (ii) determine which assets are subject to an Asset Representations Review by the Asset Representations Reviewer.

*     *     *     *     *

 

  77   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers, thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By:   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2
By:   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature Page to Indenture]

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF CLASS A-1 / A-2 / A-3 / A-4 / B / C / D / N ASSET BACKED NOTES

 

[REGISTERED][RULE 144A][REGULATION S]    Up to $[___]

NO. R-

CUSIP NO. ________

UNLESS THIS NOTE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE ISSUING ENTITY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY NOTE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

THE PRINCIPAL OF THIS NOTE IS PAYABLE AS SET FORTH HEREIN. ACCORDINGLY, THE OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THIS NOTE AT ANY TIME MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNT SHOWN ON THE FACE HEREOF.

[[SOLELY FOR THE CLASS N][FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES, THIS NOTE BEARS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT. INFORMATION INCLUDING THE ISSUE PRICE, AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT, THE ISSUE DATE, AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO HOLDERS UPON REQUEST TO THE ADMINISTRATOR.

THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL NOTE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS OF ANY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OR ANY FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) THE HOLDER OF THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL NOTE (OR SUCH INTEREST) IF, OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR, IS DEEMED TO REPRESENT TO THE DEPOSITOR AND THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE THAT IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND IS ACQUIRING THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS).

NO SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OF THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) MAY BE MADE BY ANY PERSON UNLESS EITHER (i) SUCH SALE IS MADE TO THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR (ii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE TO A PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A), ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS”) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (iii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OCCURS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO A NON-U.S. PERSON (WHO IS ALSO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER) IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 OF REGULATION S OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND THAT PERSON DELIVERS ANY NECESSARY CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE OR (iv) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS OTHERWISE MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, IN WHICH CASE IN THE EVENT THE NOTES ARE DEFINITIVE NOTES (A) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE THAT BOTH THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEROR AND THE

 

  Exhibit A-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE CERTIFY TO THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE AND THE DEPOSITOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE AND THE DEPOSITOR, AND (B) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE SERVICER, THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE) SATISFACTORY TO THE DEPOSITOR AND THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT.]

[THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL NOTE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS OF ANY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OR ANY FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) THE HOLDER OF THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL NOTE (OR SUCH INTEREST) IS DEEMED TO REPRESENT TO THE DEPOSITOR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, AND THE OWNER TRUSTEE THAT IT IS A NON-U.S. PERSON (AS DEFINED IN REGULATION S) WHO ACQUIRED THE NOTE OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION S.

NO SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OF THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) MAY BE MADE BY ANY PERSON UNLESS EITHER (i) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE TO A PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES AFTER DUE INQUIRY IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A), ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS”) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (ii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OCCURS OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES TO A NON-U.S. PERSON (WHO IS ALSO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER) IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 OF REGULATION S OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND THAT PERSON DELIVERS ANY NECESSARY CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO TERMS OF THE INDENTURE, OR (iii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS OTHERWISE MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, IN WHICH CASE IN THE EVENT THE NOTES ARE DEFINITIVE NOTES (A) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE THAT BOTH THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEROR AND THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE CERTIFY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, AND THE DEPOSITOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE DEPOSITOR, AND (B) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE SERVICER, THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE) SATISFACTORY TO THE DEPOSITOR AND THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT.]

[SOLELY FOR THE CLASS A, CLASS B, CLASS C AND CLASS D NOTES] [EACH NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ACCEPTANCE OF THIS NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THIS NOTE, SHALL BE DEEMED TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT EITHER (I) IT IS NOT ACQUIRING THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WITH THE ASSETS OF (A) AN “EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN” AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), THAT IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE I OF ERISA, (B) A “PLAN” AS DEFINED IN AND SUBJECT TO SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), (C) AN ENTITY OR ACCOUNT WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE PLAN ASSETS BY REASON OF INVESTMENT BY AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN IN SUCH ENTITY OR (D) A PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO TITLE I OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (“SIMILAR LAW”) OR (II) THE ACQUISITION AND HOLDING OF THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) SHALL NOT GIVE RISE TO A NON-EXEMPT EXEMPT PROHIBITED TRANSACTION UNDER SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE OR A VIOLATION OF ANY SIMILAR LAW.]

 

  Exhibit A-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


[SOLELY FOR THE CLASS N NOTES] EACH CLASS N NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE OR A BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN, WILL BE DEEMED TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT (I) IT IS NOT ACQUIRING OR HOLDING THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WITH THE ASSETS OF OR ON BEHALF OF (A) AN “EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN” AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), THAT IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE I OF ERISA, (B) A “PLAN” AS DEFINED IN AND SUBJECT TO SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), OR (C) AN ENTITY OR ACCOUNT WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATION CODIFIED AT 29 C.F.R. SECTION 2510.3-101, AS MODIFIED BY SECTION 3(42) OF ERISA) BY REASON OF INVESTMENT BY AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN IN SUCH ENTITY OR ACCOUNT, AND (II) EITHER (A) IT IS NOT ACQUIRING OR HOLDING THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WITH THE ASSETS OF OR ON BEHALF OF A PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO TITLE I OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (“SIMILAR LAW”) OR (B) THE ACQUISITION AND HOLDING OF THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WILL NOT GIVE RISE TO A VIOLATION OF ANY SIMILAR LAW.

EACH NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A NOTE, COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT NO RECOURSE MAY BE TAKEN, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, WITH RESPECT TO THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE ON THE NOTES OR UNDER THE INDENTURE OR ANY CERTIFICATE OR OTHER WRITING DELIVERED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, AGAINST (i) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, (ii) THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY OTHER OWNER OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THE ISSUING ENTITY OR (iii) ANY PARTNER, OWNER, BENEFICIARY, AGENT, OFFICER, DIRECTOR OR EMPLOYEE OF THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, ANY HOLDER OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR OF ANY SUCCESSOR OR ASSIGN OF THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, EXCEPT AS ANY SUCH PERSON MAY HAVE EXPRESSLY AGREED AND EXCEPT THAT ANY SUCH PARTNER, OWNER OR BENEFICIARY SHALL BE FULLY LIABLE, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED BY APPLICABLE LAW, FOR ANY UNPAID CONSIDERATION FOR STOCK, UNPAID CAPITAL CONTRIBUTION OR FAILURE TO PAY ANY INSTALLMENT OR CALL OWING TO SUCH ENTITY.

EACH NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A NOTE, COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT BY ACCEPTING THE BENEFITS OF THE INDENTURE SUCH NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER WILL NOT, PRIOR TO THE DATE WHICH IS ONE YEAR AND ONE DAY AFTER THE TERMINATION OF THE INDENTURE WITH RESPECT TO THE ISSUING ENTITY, ACQUIESCE, PETITION OR OTHERWISE INVOKE OR CAUSE THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY TO INVOKE THE PROCESS OF ANY COURT OR GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMMENCING OR SUSTAINING A CASE AGAINST THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY UNDER ANY FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY, INSOLVENCY OR SIMILAR LAW OR APPOINTING A RECEIVER, LIQUIDATOR, ASSIGNEE, TRUSTEE, CUSTODIAN, SEQUESTRATOR OR OTHER SIMILAR OFFICIAL OF THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY OR ANY SUBSTANTIAL PART OF THE PROPERTY OF EITHER OF THEM, OR ORDERING THE WINDING UP OR LIQUIDATION OF THE AFFAIRS OF THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY UNDER ANY FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY OR INSOLVENCY PROCEEDING.

EACH NOTEHOLDER BY ACCEPTING A NOTE (OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SUCH PERSON’S NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) REPRESENTS BENEFICIAL INTERESTS IN THE ISSUING ENTITY ONLY AND DOES NOT REPRESENT INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE SERVICER, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR ANY AFFILIATE THEREOF AND NO RECOURSE, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, MAY BE HAD AGAINST SUCH PARTIES OR THEIR ASSETS, EXCEPT AS MAY BE EXPRESSLY SET FORTH OR CONTEMPLATED IN THE TRANSACTION

 

  Exhibit A-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


DOCUMENTS. EACH NOTEHOLDER BY THE ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) AGREES THAT EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, IN THE EVENT OF NONPAYMENT OF ANY AMOUNTS WITH RESPECT TO THE NOTES, IT SHALL HAVE NO CLAIM AGAINST ANY OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE SERVICER, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR ANY AFFILIATE FOR ANY DEFICIENCY, LOSS OR CLAIM THEREFROM. IN THE EVENT THAT ANY OF THE FOREGOING COVENANTS OF EACH NOTEHOLDER IS PROHIBITED BY, OR DECLARED ILLEGAL OR OTHERWISE UNENFORCEABLE AGAINST ANY SUCH NOTEHOLDER UNDER APPLICABLE LAW BY ANY COURT OR OTHER AUTHORITY OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, AND, AS A RESULT, A NOTEHOLDER IS DEEMED TO HAVE AN INTEREST IN ANY ASSETS OF THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR OTHER THAN THE ISSUING ENTITY, EACH NOTEHOLDER AGREES THAT (I) ITS CLAIM AGAINST ANY SUCH OTHER ASSETS SHALL BE, AND HEREBY IS, SUBJECT AND SUBORDINATE IN ALL RESPECTS TO THE RIGHTS OF OTHER PERSONS TO WHOM RIGHTS IN THE OTHER ASSETS HAVE BEEN EXPRESSLY GRANTED, INCLUDING TO THE PAYMENT IN FULL OF ALL AMOUNTS OWING TO SUCH ENTITLED PERSONS, AND (II) THE COVENANT SET FORTH IN THE PRECEDING CLAUSE (I) CONSTITUTES A “SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF, AND SUBJECT TO, SECTION 510(A) OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE.

EACH NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER (EXCEPT A NOTEHOLDER WHICH IS CONSIDERED FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES THE ISSUER OF THE NOTE (OR IS DISREGARDED AS AN ENTITY SEPARATE FROM SUCH ISSUER)), BY ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A NOTE, EXPRESSES ITS INTENTION THAT THIS NOTE QUALIFIES UNDER APPLICABLE TAX LAW AS INDEBTEDNESS SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL AND, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY APPROPRIATE TAXING AUTHORITIES, AGREES TO TREAT THE NOTES AS INDEBTEDNESS SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL FOR THE PURPOSE OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES, STATE AND LOCAL INCOME AND FRANCHISE TAXES, AND ANY OTHER TAXES IMPOSED UPON, MEASURED BY OR BASED UPON GROSS RECEIPTS OR GROSS OR NET INCOME.

[SOLELY FOR THE CLASS B AND CLASS C NOTES] FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES, THIS NOTE BEARS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT. INFORMATION INCLUDING THE ISSUE PRICE, AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT, THE ISSUE DATE, AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO HOLDERS UPON REQUEST TO THE ADMINISTRATOR.

NO TRANSFER (OR PURPORTED TRANSFER) OF ALL OR ANY PART OF A NOTE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) SHALL BE EFFECTIVE UNLESS, PRIOR TO AND AS A CONDITION TO EACH SUCH TRANSFER, THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE (INCLUDING THE INITIAL BENEFICIAL OWNER AS THE INITIAL TRANSFEREE) AND ANY SUBSEQUENT TRANSFEREE REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS, IN WRITING TO THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE DEPOSITOR AND ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS, THAT: (A) EITHER (I) IT IS NOT AND WILL NOT BECOME FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES A PARTNERSHIP, SUBCHAPTER S CORPORATION OR GRANTOR TRUST (OR A DISREGARDED ENTITY THE SINGLE OWNER OF WHICH IS ANY OF THE FOREGOING) (EACH SUCH ENTITY A “FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY”) OR (II) IF IT IS OR BECOMES A FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY, THEN (X) NONE OF THE DIRECT OR INDIRECT BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF ANY OF THE INTERESTS IN SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY HAS OR EVER WILL HAVE MORE THAN 50% OF THE VALUE OF ITS INTEREST IN SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE INTEREST OF SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY IN THE NOTES, OTHER INTEREST (DIRECT OR INDIRECT) IN THE ISSUING ENTITY, OR ANY INTEREST CREATED UNDER THE INDENTURE AND (Y) IT IS NOT AND WILL NOT BE A PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF THE ARRANGEMENT INVOLVING THE INVESTMENT OF SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY IN ANY NOTE TO PERMIT ANY PARTNERSHIP TO SATISFY THE 100 PARTNER LIMITATION OF SECTION 1.7704-1(H)(1)(II) OF THE TREASURY REGULATIONS NECESSARY FOR SUCH PARTNERSHIP NOT TO BE CLASSIFIED AS A PUBLICLY TRADED PARTNERSHIP UNDER THE CODE, AND (B) IT DOES NOT AND WILL NOT BENEFICIALLY OWN A NOTE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) IN AN AMOUNT THAT IS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM DENOMINATION FOR SUCH NOTE, ANY TRANSFER OF A NOTE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) THAT DOES NOT COMPLY WITH THE FOREGOING REQUIREMENTS WILL BE DEEMED NULL AND VOID AB INITIO.]1

[Insert additional legends, as applicable]

 

1 

To be included for the Class N Notes.

 

  Exhibit A-4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2

CLASS [__] [__]% ASSET BACKED NOTES

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a statutory trust organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (herein referred to as the “Issuing Entity”), for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns, the principal sum of up to [________] DOLLARS ($[_________]) or such lesser outstanding amount as may be payable in accordance with the Indenture dated as of May 25, 2022 (such indenture, as amended or supplemented, is herein called the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2 (the “Grantor Trust”), and Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), on each Distribution Date, in an amount equal to the result obtained by multiplying (i) a fraction, the numerator of which is the initial principal amount hereof and the denominator of which is the aggregate initial principal amount for this Class of Note by (ii) the aggregate amount, if any, payable on such Distribution Date from the Note Distribution Account in respect of principal on this Class of Note pursuant to Sections 2.7, 3.1 and 8.2(c) of the Indenture; provided, however, that the entire unpaid principal amount of this Note shall be due and payable on [___] (the “Final Scheduled Distribution Date”) unless this Note is earlier redeemed pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Indenture, in which case such unpaid principal amount shall be due on the Redemption Date [, provided further, however, that the aggregate principal sum of the Regulation S Global Note and the Rule 144A Global Note shall not exceed the principal sum of [___]]. The Issuing Entity shall pay interest on this Note at the rate per annum shown above on each Distribution Date until the principal of this Note is paid or made available for payment on the principal amount of this Note outstanding on the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect to all payments of principal made on the preceding Distribution Date (or, for the initial Distribution Date, the outstanding principal balance on the Closing Date)). Interest on this Note shall accrue from and including the Closing Date and shall be payable on each Distribution Date in an amount equal to the Note Class Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date for this Note. Interest shall be computed on the basis of [Solely for the Class A-1 Notes][the actual number of days elapsed during the period for which interest is payable and a 360-day year] [For the Class A-2 Notes, Class A-3 Notes, Class A-4 Notes, Class B Notes, Class C Notes, Class D and Class N Notes] [a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months (or, in the case of the initial Distribution Date, from and including the Closing Date, a 15-day period)]. Such principal of and interest on this Note shall be paid in the manner specified in the Indenture. All interest payments on this Class of Notes on any Distribution Date shall be made pro rata to the Noteholders of such Class entitled thereto.

The principal of and interest on this Note are payable in such coin or currency of the United States of America which, at the time of payment, is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. All payments made by the Issuing Entity with respect to this Note shall be applied first to interest due and payable on this Note as provided above and then to the unpaid principal of this Note.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by an authorized officer of the Indenture Trustee, by manual or facsimile signature, this Note shall not entitle the Holder hereof to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid for any purpose.

This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of the Issuing Entity, designated as its Class [__] [__]% Asset Backed Notes (herein called this “Note”), issued under the Indenture, to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights and obligations thereunder of the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders. This Class of Note is one of several duly authorized Classes of Notes of the Issuing Entity issued pursuant to the Indenture (collectively, as to all Notes of all such Classes, the “Notes”). The Notes are governed by and subject to all terms of the Indenture (which terms are incorporated herein and made a part hereof), to which Indenture the Holder of this Note by virtue of acceptance hereof assents and by which such Holder is bound. All capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Note that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in or pursuant to the Indenture.

The Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture are and shall be equally and ratably secured by the Collateral pledged as security therefor as provided in the Indenture.

 

  Exhibit A-5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


[SOLELY FOR THE CLASS A, CLASS B, CLASS C AND CLASS D NOTES] [Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of this Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in this Note, shall be deemed to represent and warrant that either (i) it is not acquiring the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of (a) an “employee benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), (c) an entity or account whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of investment by an employee benefit plan or plan in such entity or account or (d) a plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) or (ii) the acquisition and holding of the Note (or beneficial interest therein) shall not give rise to a non-exempt exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or a violation of any Similar Law].

[SOLELY FOR THE CLASS N NOTES] [Each Class N Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of a Note or a beneficial interest therein, will be deemed to represent and warrant that (I) it is not acquiring or holding the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of or on behalf of (A) an “employee benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (B) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or (c) an entity or account whose underlying assets include “plan assets” (within the meaning of U.S. Department of Labor Regulation codified at 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA) by reason of investment by an employee benefit plan or plan in such entity or account and (II) either (A) it is not acquiring or holding the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of or on behalf of a plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) , or (B) the acquisition and holding of the Note (or beneficial interest therein) shall not give rise to a violation of any Similar Law.]

Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of this Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in this Note, covenants and agrees that no recourse may be taken, directly or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Indenture Trustee on the Notes or under the Indenture or any certificate or other writing delivered in connection therewith, against (i) the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, (ii) the Depositor or any other owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity or (iii) any partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer, director or employee of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, any holder of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee or of any successor or assign of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, except as any such Person may have expressly agreed and except that any such partner, owner or beneficiary shall be fully liable, to the extent provided by applicable law, for any unpaid consideration for stock, unpaid capital contribution or failure to pay any installment or call owing to such entity.

Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of this Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in this Note, covenants and agrees that by accepting the benefits of the Indenture such Noteholder or Note Owner shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of the Indenture, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity or any substantial part of the property of either of them, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Depositor or the Issuing Entity under any federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

Each Noteholder or holder of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of this Note or such interest therein, agrees to provide to the Indenture Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Issuing Entity, as applicable, the Noteholder Tax Identification Information and, to the extent FATCA Withholding Tax is applicable, the Noteholder FATCA Information. In addition, each Noteholder or holder of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of this Note or such interest therein, agrees that the Indenture Trustee has the right to withhold any amounts of interest (properly withholdable under law and without any corresponding gross-up) payable to a Noteholder or holder of an interest in this Note that fails to comply with the requirements of the preceding sentence.

 

  Exhibit A-6   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


[Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of such Note or such interest therein, agrees that (A) either (I) it is not and shall not become for U.S. federal income tax purposes a partnership, subchapter S corporation or grantor trust (or a disregarded entity the single owner of which is any of the foregoing) (each such entity a “Flow-Through Entity”) or (II) if it is or becomes a Flow-Through Entity, then (x) none of the direct or indirect beneficial owners of any of the interests in such Flow-Through Entity has or ever shall have more than 50% of the value of its interest in such Flow-Through Entity attributable to the interest of such Flow-Through Entity in the Notes, other interest (direct or indirect) in the Issuing Entity, or any interest created under the Indenture and (y) it is not and shall not be a principal purpose of the arrangement involving the investment of such Flow-Through Entity in any Note to permit any partnership to satisfy the 100 partner limitation of Section 1.7704-1(h)(1)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations necessary for such partnership not to be classified as a publicly traded partnership under the Code, and (B) it shall not transfer such Notes to a Flow-Through Entity (other than a Flow-Through Entity described in subpart (A)(II) above).]

Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of such Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that it shall not acquire or transfer such Note (or any interest therein) or cause such Note (or any interest therein) to be marketed on or through an “established securities market” within the meaning of Section 7704(b)(1) of the Code, including, without limitation, an over-the-counter market or an interdealer quotation system that regularly disseminates firm buy or sell quotations.

Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of such Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that, as a result of its own activities separate from those of the Issuing Entity, it would not be required to treat income from such Note as effectively connected to a United States trade or business of a person that is not a United States person (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), and it further acknowledges that no purchaser or beneficial owner of such Note shall provide the Issuing Entity with either an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) or an IRS Form W-8IMY (or successor form) to which an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) is attached (either directly or as part of another form attached to such IRS Form W-8IMY).

Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of such Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that if such Note is required to be treated other than as described under the Indenture, then such Noteholder or Note Owner shall agree to the designation made pursuant to the Trust Agreement of the partnership representative (and the tax matters partner for any applicable state or local tax purposes) of any partnership in which such Noteholder or Note Owner is deemed to be a partner under Section 6223(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and any applicable Treasury Regulations thereunder.

(A) Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in this Note, by acceptance of such Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that it shall provide to the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the depositor any further information required by the Issuing Entity to comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code, including Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law), (B) if such noteholder is not the beneficial owner of such Note, the beneficial owner of such Note shall provide to the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Depositor any further information required by the Issuing Entity to comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code, including Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and, to the extent the Issuing Entity determines such appointment necessary for it to make an election under Section 6226(a) of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law), hereby appoints the Noteholder as its agent for purposes of receiving any notifications or information pursuant to the notice requirements under Section 6226(a)(2) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and (C) to the extent applicable, each Noteholder and Note Owner of such Notes shall hold the Issuing Entity and its affiliates harmless for any expenses or losses (i) resulting from a beneficial owner of such Note not properly taking into account or paying its allocated adjustment or liability under Section 6226 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or (ii) that the Issuing Entity or its affiliates may suffer that are attributable to the management or defense of an audit under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or otherwise due to actions it takes with respect to and to comply with the rules under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law).

Each Noteholder by accepting this Note (or any interest therein) acknowledges that such Person’s Note (or interest therein) represents an obligation of the Issuing Entity only and does not represent interests in or obligations of the Grantor Trust, the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse, either directly or indirectly, may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated in the Transaction Documents. Each Noteholder by the acceptance of this Note (or beneficial interest therein) agrees that except as expressly provided in the

 

  Exhibit A-7   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Transaction Documents, in the event of nonpayment of any amounts with respect to this Class of Notes, it shall have no claim against any of the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any Affiliate for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom. In the event that any of the foregoing covenants of each Noteholder is prohibited by, or declared illegal or otherwise unenforceable against any such Noteholder under applicable law by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction, and, as a result, a Noteholder is deemed to have an interest in any assets of the Depositor or any Affiliate of the Depositor other than the Issuing Entity, each Noteholder agrees that (i) its claim against any such other assets shall be, and hereby is, subject and subordinate in all respects to the rights of other Persons to whom rights in the other assets have been expressly granted, including to the payment in full of all amounts owing to such entitled Persons, and (ii) the covenant set forth in the preceding clause (i) constitutes a “subordination agreement” within the meaning of, and subject to, Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.

Except a Noteholder which is considered for federal income tax purposes the issuer of this Note (or is disregarded as an entity separate from such issuer), each Noteholder, by acceptance of this Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in this Note, expresses its intention that this Note qualifies under applicable tax law as indebtedness secured by the Collateral and, unless otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities, agrees to treat this Note as indebtedness secured by the Collateral for the purpose of federal income taxes (to the extent this Class of Notes are treated as beneficially owned by a person other than the Issuing Entity or its affiliates), state and local income and franchise taxes, and any other taxes imposed upon, measured by or based upon gross or net income.

Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of this Note, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and any agent of the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Note (as of the day of determination or as of such other date as may be specified in the Indenture) is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Note shall be overdue, and none of the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee or any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Issuing Entity and the rights of the Noteholders under the Indenture at any time by the Issuing Entity with the consent of the Holders of Notes representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of Notes representing specified percentages of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, on behalf of all the Holders of this Class of Notes, to waive compliance by the Issuing Entity with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holders of Notes representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class or the Holder of this Note (or any one or more Predecessor Notes) shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Note and of any Note issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Note. The Indenture also permits the Indenture Trustee to amend or waive certain terms and conditions set forth in the Indenture without the consent of the Noteholders.

The term “Issuing Entity” as used in this Note includes any successor to the Issuing Entity under the Indenture.

The Issuing Entity is permitted by the Indenture, under certain circumstances, to merge or consolidate with or into another person, subject to the rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders of Notes under the Indenture.

The Notes are issuable only in registered form in denominations as provided in the Indenture, subject to certain limitations therein set forth.

THIS NOTE AND THE INDENTURE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 AND SECTION 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Issuing Entity, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and interest on this Note at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency herein prescribed.

 

  Exhibit A-8   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, neither the Depositor, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee nor the Owner Trustee in their respective individual capacities, any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity, nor any of their respective partners, beneficiaries, agents, officers, directors, employees or successors or assigns, shall be personally liable for, nor shall recourse be had to any of them for, the payment of principal of or interest on, or performance of, or omission to perform, any of the covenants, obligations or indemnifications contained in this Note or the Indenture, it being expressly understood that said covenants, obligations and indemnifications have been made by the Owner Trustee solely as the Owner Trustee in the assets of the Issuing Entity. The Holder of this Note by the acceptance hereof agrees that, except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, in the case of an Event of Default under the Indenture, the Holder shall have no claim against any of the foregoing for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall be taken to prevent recourse to, and enforcement against, the assets of the Issuing Entity for any and all liabilities, obligations and undertakings contained in the Indenture or in this Note.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Indenture Trustee whose name appears below by manual signature, this Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture referred to herein or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

  Exhibit A-9   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuing Entity has caused this instrument to be signed, manually or in facsimile, by its Authorized Officer.

Dated: ___________, 2022

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

  Exhibit A-10   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


INDENTURE TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Notes designed above and referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

 

Computershare Trust Company, National Association, not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

  Exhibit A-11   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


ASSIGNMENT

Social Security or taxpayer I.D. or other identifying number of assignee

 

                                                                          

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto

 

                                                                                                                           

 

                                                                                                                           

                         (name and address of assignee)

the within Note and all rights thereunder, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints ______________________________, as attorney, to transfer said Note on the books kept for registration thereof, with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

Dated:____________________                                                2 
     
      Signature Guaranteed:
                                                                                                

 

2

NOTE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears on the face of the within Note in every particular, without alteration, enlargement or any change whatsoever.

 

  Exhibit A-12   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


EXHIBIT B

FORM OF CLASS XS NOTES

 

[REGISTERED][RULE 144A][REGULATION S]    Up to $[___]

NO. R-

CUSIP NO. ________

UNLESS THIS NOTE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE ISSUING ENTITY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY NOTE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.

THE AMOUNTS DUE ON THIS NOTE PAYABLE AS SET FORTH HEREIN, ACCORDINGLY, THE OUTSTANDING AMOUNT OF THIS NOTE AT ANY TIME MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNT SHOWN ON THE FACE HEREOF.

[[THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS OF ANY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OR ANY FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) THE HOLDER OF THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR SUCH INTEREST) IF, OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR, IS DEEMED TO REPRESENT TO THE DEPOSITOR AND THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE THAT IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND IS ACQUIRING THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS).

NO SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OF THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) MAY BE MADE BY ANY PERSON UNLESS EITHER (i) SUCH SALE IS MADE TO THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR (ii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE TO A PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A), ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS”) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (iii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OCCURS OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES TO A NON-U.S. PERSON (WHO IS ALSO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER) IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 OF REGULATION S OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND THAT PERSON DELIVERS ANY NECESSARY CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO THE INDENTURE OR (iv) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS OTHERWISE MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, IN WHICH CASE IN THE EVENT THE NOTES ARE DEFINITIVE NOTES (A) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE THAT BOTH THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEROR AND THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE CERTIFY TO THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE AND THE DEPOSITOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE AND THE DEPOSITOR, AND (B) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE SERVICER, THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE) SATISFACTORY TO THE DEPOSITOR AND THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT.]

 

  Exhibit B-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


[THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS OF ANY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OR ANY FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) THE HOLDER OF THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR SUCH INTEREST) IS DEEMED TO REPRESENT TO THE DEPOSITOR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, AND THE OWNER TRUSTEE THAT IT IS A NON-U.S. PERSON (AS DEFINED IN REGULATION S) WHO ACQUIRED THE NOTE OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION S.

NO SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OF THIS REGULATION S GLOBAL CLASS XS NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) MAY BE MADE BY ANY PERSON UNLESS EITHER (i) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE TO A PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES AFTER DUE INQUIRY IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A), ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS”) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A, (ii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OCCURS OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES TO A NON-U.S. PERSON WHO IS ALSO A QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 OF REGULATION S OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND THAT PERSON DELIVERS ANY NECESSARY CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO TERMS OF THE INDENTURE, OR (iii) SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS OTHERWISE MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, IN WHICH CASE IN THE EVENT THE NOTES ARE DEFINITIVE NOTES (A) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE THAT BOTH THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEROR AND THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE CERTIFY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, AND THE DEPOSITOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE DEPOSITOR, AND (B) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE SHALL REQUIRE A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE SERVICER, THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE) SATISFACTORY TO THE DEPOSITOR AND THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT.]

EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE OR A BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN, WILL BE DEEMED TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT THAT (I) IT IS NOT ACQUIRING OR HOLDING THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WITH THE ASSETS OF OR ON BEHALF OF (A) AN “EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN” AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), THAT IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE I OF ERISA, (B) A “PLAN” AS DEFINED IN AND SUBJECT TO SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), OR (C) AN ENTITY OR ACCOUNT WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATION CODIFIED AT 29 C.F.R. SECTION 2510.3-101, AS MODIFIED BY SECTION 3(42) OF ERISA) BY REASON OF INVESTMENT BY AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN IN SUCH ENTITY OR ACCOUNT, AND (II) EITHER (A) IT IS NOT ACQUIRING OR HOLDING THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WITH THE ASSETS OF OR ON BEHALF OF A PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO TITLE I OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (“SIMILAR LAW”) OR (B) THE ACQUISITION AND HOLDING OF THE NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) WILL NOT GIVE RISE TO A VIOLATION OF ANY SIMILAR LAW.

EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ACCEPTANCE OF A CLASS XS NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A NOTE, COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT NO RECOURSE MAY BE TAKEN, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, WITH RESPECT TO THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE

 

  Exhibit B-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


ON THE CLASS XS NOTES OR UNDER THE INDENTURE OR ANY CERTIFICATE OR OTHER WRITING DELIVERED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH, AGAINST (i) THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, (ii) THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY OTHER OWNER OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THE ISSUING ENTITY OR (iii) ANY PARTNER, OWNER, BENEFICIARY, AGENT, OFFICER, DIRECTOR OR EMPLOYEE OF THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, ANY HOLDER OF A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR OF ANY SUCCESSOR OR ASSIGN OF THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, EXCEPT AS ANY SUCH PERSON MAY HAVE EXPRESSLY AGREED AND EXCEPT THAT ANY SUCH PARTNER, OWNER OR BENEFICIARY SHALL BE FULLY LIABLE, TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED BY APPLICABLE LAW, FOR ANY UNPAID CONSIDERATION FOR STOCK, UNPAID CAPITAL CONTRIBUTION OR FAILURE TO PAY ANY INSTALLMENT OR CALL OWING TO SUCH ENTITY.

EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ACCEPTANCE OF A CLASS XS NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A NOTE, ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT THE ONLY SOURCE OF PAYMENT ON SUCH CLASS XS NOTES WILL BE THE RELATED EXCESS SERVICING STRIP AMOUNT, IF ANY, PAYABLE PURSUANT TO THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS.

EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER, BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF A CLASS XS NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A CLASS XS NOTE, COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT BY ACCEPTING THE BENEFITS OF THE INDENTURE SUCH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER WILL NOT, PRIOR TO THE DATE WHICH IS ONE YEAR AND ONE DAY AFTER THE TERMINATION OF THE INDENTURE WITH RESPECT TO THE ISSUING ENTITY, ACQUIESCE, PETITION OR OTHERWISE INVOKE OR CAUSE THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY TO INVOKE THE PROCESS OF ANY COURT OR GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMMENCING OR SUSTAINING A CASE AGAINST THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY UNDER ANY FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY, INSOLVENCY OR SIMILAR LAW OR APPOINTING A RECEIVER, LIQUIDATOR, ASSIGNEE, TRUSTEE, CUSTODIAN, SEQUESTRATOR OR OTHER SIMILAR OFFICIAL OF THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY OR ANY SUBSTANTIAL PART OF THE PROPERTY OF EITHER OF THEM, OR ORDERING THE WINDING UP OR LIQUIDATION OF THE AFFAIRS OF THE DEPOSITOR OR THE ISSUING ENTITY UNDER ANY FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY OR INSOLVENCY PROCEEDING.

EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER BY ACCEPTING A CLASS XS NOTE (OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SUCH PERSON’S CLASS XS NOTE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) REPRESENTS BENEFICIAL INTERESTS IN THE ISSUING ENTITY ONLY AND DOES NOT REPRESENT INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE SERVICER, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR ANY AFFILIATE THEREOF AND NO RECOURSE, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, MAY BE HAD AGAINST SUCH PARTIES OR THEIR ASSETS, EXCEPT AS MAY BE EXPRESSLY SET FORTH OR CONTEMPLATED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS. EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER BY THE ACCEPTANCE OF A NOTE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) AGREES THAT EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, IN THE EVENT OF NONPAYMENT OF ANY AMOUNTS WITH RESPECT TO THE NOTES, IT SHALL HAVE NO CLAIM AGAINST ANY OF THE SPONSOR, THE DEPOSITOR, THE SERVICER, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE NOTE REGISTRAR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR ANY AFFILIATE FOR ANY DEFICIENCY, LOSS OR CLAIM THEREFROM. IN THE EVENT THAT ANY OF THE FOREGOING COVENANTS OF EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER IS PROHIBITED BY, OR DECLARED ILLEGAL OR OTHERWISE UNENFORCEABLE AGAINST ANY SUCH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER UNDER APPLICABLE LAW BY ANY COURT OR OTHER AUTHORITY OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, AND, AS A RESULT, A CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER IS DEEMED TO HAVE AN INTEREST IN ANY ASSETS OF THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR OTHER THAN THE ISSUING ENTITY, EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER AGREES THAT (I) ITS CLAIM AGAINST ANY SUCH OTHER ASSETS SHALL BE, AND HEREBY IS, SUBJECT AND SUBORDINATE IN ALL RESPECTS TO THE RIGHTS OF OTHER PERSONS TO WHOM RIGHTS IN THE OTHER ASSETS HAVE BEEN EXPRESSLY GRANTED, INCLUDING TO THE PAYMENT IN FULL OF ALL AMOUNTS OWING TO SUCH ENTITLED PERSONS, AND (II) THE COVENANT SET FORTH IN THE PRECEDING CLAUSE (I) CONSTITUTES A “SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF, AND SUBJECT TO, SECTION 510(A) OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE.

 

  Exhibit B-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


EACH CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER OR NOTE OWNER (EXCEPT A CLASS XS NOTEHOLDER WHICH IS CONSIDERED FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES THE ISSUER OF THE NOTE (OR IS DISREGARDED AS AN ENTITY SEPARATE FROM SUCH ISSUER)), BY ACCEPTANCE OF A CLASS XS NOTE OR, IN THE CASE OF A NOTE OWNER, A BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A CLASS XS NOTE, EXPRESSES ITS INTENTION THAT THIS CLASS XS NOTE QUALIFIES UNDER APPLICABLE TAX LAW AS INDEBTEDNESS SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL AND, UNLESS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY APPROPRIATE TAXING AUTHORITIES, AGREES TO TREAT THE CLASS XS NOTES AS INDEBTEDNESS SECURED BY THE COLLATERAL FOR THE PURPOSE OF FEDERAL INCOME TAXES, STATE AND LOCAL INCOME AND FRANCHISE TAXES, AND ANY OTHER TAXES IMPOSED UPON, MEASURED BY OR BASED UPON GROSS RECEIPTS OR GROSS OR NET INCOME.

NO TRANSFER (OR PURPORTED TRANSFER) OF ALL OR ANY PART OF A NOTE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) SHALL BE EFFECTIVE UNLESS, PRIOR TO AND AS A CONDITION TO EACH SUCH TRANSFER, THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE (INCLUDING THE INITIAL BENEFICIAL OWNER AS THE INITIAL TRANSFEREE) AND ANY SUBSEQUENT TRANSFEREE REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS, IN WRITING TO THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE, THE DEPOSITOR AND ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS, THAT: (A) EITHER (I) IT IS NOT AND WILL NOT BECOME FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES A PARTNERSHIP, SUBCHAPTER S CORPORATION OR GRANTOR TRUST (OR A DISREGARDED ENTITY THE SINGLE OWNER OF WHICH IS ANY OF THE FOREGOING) (EACH SUCH ENTITY A “FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY”) OR (II) IF IT IS OR BECOMES A FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY, THEN (X) NONE OF THE DIRECT OR INDIRECT BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF ANY OF THE INTERESTS IN SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY HAS OR EVER WILL HAVE MORE THAN 50% OF THE VALUE OF ITS INTEREST IN SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE INTEREST OF SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY IN THE NOTES, OTHER INTEREST (DIRECT OR INDIRECT) IN THE ISSUING ENTITY, OR ANY INTEREST CREATED UNDER THE INDENTURE AND (Y) IT IS NOT AND WILL NOT BE A PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF THE ARRANGEMENT INVOLVING THE INVESTMENT OF SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY IN ANY NOTE TO PERMIT ANY PARTNERSHIP TO SATISFY THE 100 PARTNER LIMITATION OF SECTION 1.7704-1(H)(1)(II) OF THE TREASURY REGULATIONS NECESSARY FOR SUCH PARTNERSHIP NOT TO BE CLASSIFIED AS A PUBLICLY TRADED PARTNERSHIP UNDER THE CODE, AND (B) IT DOES NOT AND WILL NOT BENEFICIALLY OWN A NOTE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) IN AN AMOUNT THAT IS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM DENOMINATION FOR SUCH NOTE, ANY TRANSFER OF A NOTE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) THAT DOES NOT COMPLY WITH THE FOREGOING REQUIREMENTS WILL BE DEEMED NULL AND VOID AB INITIO.]

[Insert additional legends, as applicable]

 

  Exhibit B-4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2

CLASS XS NOTES

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a statutory trust organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (herein referred to as the “Issuing Entity”), for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns, payable in accordance with the Indenture dated as of May 25, 2022 (such indenture, as amended or supplemented, is herein called the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2 (the “Grantor Trust”), and Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), on each Distribution Date, in an amount equal to the Excess Servicing Strip Amount, if any, payable on such Distribution Date from the Note Distribution Account in respect of this Class XS Note pursuant to Sections 2.7, 3.1 and 8.2(c) of the Indenture; provided, however, that the aggregate amount payable on each Distribution Date on the Regulation S Global Note and the Rule 144A Global Note shall not exceed the Excess Servicing Strip Amount, if any, payable on such Distribution Date from the Note Distribution Account in respect of the Class XS Notes pursuant to Section 2.7, 3.1 and 8.2(c) of the Indenture. Such amounts payable on this Note shall be paid in the manner specified in the Indenture. All payments on this Class of Notes on any Distribution Date shall be made pro rata to the Noteholders of such Class entitled thereto.

The amounts due on this Note are payable in such coin or currency of the United States of America which, at the time of payment, is legal tender for payment of public and private debts.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by an authorized officer of the Indenture Trustee, by manual or facsimile signature, this Note shall not entitle the Holder hereof to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid for any purpose.

This Note is one of a duly authorized issue of Notes of the Issuing Entity, designated as its Class XS Notes (herein called this “Class XS Note”), issued under the Indenture, to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights and obligations thereunder of the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders. This Class XS Note is one of several duly authorized Classes of Notes of the Issuing Entity issued pursuant to the Indenture (collectively, as to all Notes of all such Classes, the “Notes”). The Notes are governed by and subject to all terms of the Indenture (which terms are incorporated herein and made a part hereof), to which Indenture the Holder of this Class XS Note by virtue of acceptance hereof assents and by which such Holder is bound. All capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Class XS Note that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in or pursuant to the Indenture.

The Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture are and shall be equally and ratably secured by the Collateral pledged as security therefor as provided in the Indenture.

Each Class XS Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of a Class XS Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Class XS Note, shall be deemed to represent and warrant that (i) it is not acquiring or holding the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of or on behalf of (a) an “employee benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (b) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or (c) an entity or account whose underlying assets include “plan assets” (within the meaning of U.S. Department of Labor Regulation codified at 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101, as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA) by reason of investment by an employee benefit plan or plan in such entity or account, and (ii) either (a) it is not acquiring or holding the Note (or beneficial interest therein) with the assets of or on behalf of a plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) or (b) the acquisition and holding of the Note (or beneficial interest therein) shall not give rise to a violation of any Similar Law.

Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of a Class XS Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Class XS Note, covenants and agrees that no recourse may be taken, directly or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Indenture Trustee on the Notes or under the Indenture or any certificate or other writing delivered in connection therewith, against (i) the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, (ii) the

 

  Exhibit B-5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Depositor or any other owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity or (iii) any partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer, director or employee of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, any holder of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee or of any successor or assign of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their individual capacities, except as any such Person may have expressly agreed and except that any such partner, owner or beneficiary shall be fully liable, to the extent provided by applicable law, for any unpaid consideration for stock, unpaid capital contribution or failure to pay any installment or call owing to such entity.

Each Noteholder or Note Owner, by acceptance of a Class XS Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Class XS Note, covenants and agrees that by accepting the benefits of the Indenture such Noteholder or Note Owner shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of the Indenture, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Depositor, the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity or any substantial part of the property of either of them, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Depositor or the Issuing Entity under any federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

Each Noteholder or holder of an interest in a Class XS Note, by acceptance of such Class XS Note or such interest therein, agrees to provide to the Indenture Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Issuing Entity, as applicable, the Noteholder Tax Identification Information and, to the extent FATCA Withholding Tax is applicable, the Noteholder FATCA Information. In addition, each Noteholder or holder of an interest in a Class XS Note, by acceptance of a Class XS Note or such interest therein, agrees that the Indenture Trustee has the right to withhold any amounts of interest (properly withholdable under law and without any corresponding gross-up) payable to a Noteholder or holder of an interest in a Class XS Note that fails to comply with the requirements of the preceding sentence.

Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of a Class XS Note, by acceptance of such a Class XS Note or such interest therein, agrees that (A) either (I) it is not and shall not become for U.S. federal income tax purposes a partnership, subchapter S corporation or grantor trust (or a disregarded entity the single owner of which is any of the foregoing) (each such entity a “Flow-Through Entity”) or (II) if it is or becomes a Flow-Through Entity, then (x) none of the direct or indirect beneficial owners of any of the interests in such Flow-Through Entity has or ever shall have more than 50% of the value of its interest in such Flow-Through Entity attributable to the interest of such Flow-Through Entity in the Notes, other interest (direct or indirect) in the Issuing Entity, or any interest created under the Indenture and (y) it is not and shall not be a principal purpose of the arrangement involving the investment of such Flow-Through Entity in any Note to permit any partnership to satisfy the 100 partner limitation of Section 1.7704-1(h)(1)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations necessary for such partnership not to be classified as a publicly traded partnership under the Code, and (B) it shall not transfer such Notes to a Flow-Through Entity (other than a Flow-Through Entity described in subpart (A)(II) above).

Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in a Class XS Note, by acceptance of such Class XS Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that it shall not acquire or transfer such Class XS Note (or any interest therein) or cause such Class XS Note (or any interest therein) to be marketed on or through an “established securities market” within the meaning of Section 7704(b)(1) of the Code, including, without limitation, an over-the-counter market or an interdealer quotation system that regularly disseminates firm buy or sell quotations.

Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in a Class XS Note, by acceptance of such Class XS Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that, as a result of its own activities separate from those of the Issuing Entity, it would not be required to treat income from such Class XS Note as effectively connected to a United States trade or business of a person that is not a United States person (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), and it further acknowledges that no purchaser or beneficial owner of such Class XS Note shall provide the Issuing Entity with either an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) or an IRS Form W-8IMY (or successor form) to which an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) is attached (either directly or as part of another form attached to such IRS Form W-8IMY).

 

  Exhibit B-6   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in a Class XS Note, by acceptance of such Class XS Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that if such Class XS Note is required to be treated other than as described under the Indenture, then such Noteholder or Note Owner shall agree to the designation made pursuant to the Trust Agreement of the partnership representative (and the tax matters partner for any applicable state or local tax purposes) of any partnership in which such Noteholder or Note Owner is deemed to be a partner under Section 6223(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and any applicable Treasury Regulations thereunder.

(A) Each Noteholder or Note Owner or beneficial owner of an interest in a Class XS Note, by acceptance of such Class XS Note or interest therein, represents and agrees that it shall provide to the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the depositor any further information required by the Issuing Entity to comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code, including Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law), (B) if such Noteholder is not the beneficial owner of such Class XS Note, the beneficial owner of such Class XS Note shall provide to the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Depositor any further information required by the Issuing Entity to comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code, including Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and, to the extent the Issuing Entity determines such appointment necessary for it to make an election under Section 6226(a) of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law), hereby appoints the Noteholder as its agent for purposes of receiving any notifications or information pursuant to the notice requirements under Section 6226(a)(2) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and (C) to the extent applicable, each Noteholder and Note Owner of such Class XS Notes shall hold the Issuing Entity and its affiliates harmless for any expenses or losses (i) resulting from a beneficial owner of such Class XS Note not properly taking into account or paying its allocated adjustment or liability under Section 6226 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or (ii) that the Issuing Entity or its affiliates may suffer that are attributable to the management or defense of an audit under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or otherwise due to actions it takes with respect to and to comply with the rules under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law).

Each Noteholder by accepting a Class XS Note (or any interest therein) acknowledges that such Person’s Class XS Note (or interest therein) represents an obligation of the Issuing Entity only and does not represent interests in or obligations of the Grantor Trust, the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse, either directly or indirectly, may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated in the Transaction Documents. Each Noteholder by the acceptance of a Class XS Note (or beneficial interest therein) agrees that except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, in the event of nonpayment of any amounts with respect to the Class XS Notes, it shall have no claim against any of the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any Affiliate for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom. In the event that any of the foregoing covenants of each Noteholder is prohibited by, or declared illegal or otherwise unenforceable against any such Noteholder under applicable law by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction, and, as a result, a Noteholder is deemed to have an interest in any assets of the Depositor or any Affiliate of the Depositor other than the Issuing Entity, each Noteholder agrees that (i) its claim against any such other assets shall be, and hereby is, subject and subordinate in all respects to the rights of other Persons to whom rights in the other assets have been expressly granted, including to the payment in full of all amounts owing to such entitled Persons, and (ii) the covenant set forth in the preceding clause (i) constitutes a “subordination agreement” within the meaning of, and subject to, Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.

Except a Class XS Noteholder which is considered for U.S. federal income tax purposes the issuer of this Note (or is disregarded as an entity separate from such issuer), each Noteholder, by acceptance of this Note or, in the case of a Note Owner, a beneficial interest in a Class XS Note, expresses its intention that this Class XS Note qualifies under applicable tax law as indebtedness secured by the Collateral and, unless otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities, agrees to treat this Class XS Note as indebtedness secured by the Collateral for the purpose of federal income taxes (to the extent the Class XS Notes are treated as beneficially owned by a person other than the Issuing Entity or its affiliates), state and local income and franchise taxes, and any other taxes imposed upon, measured by or based upon gross or net income.

Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of this Class XS Note, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and any agent of the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Class XS Note (as of the day of determination or as of such other date as may be specified in the Indenture) is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Class XS Note shall be overdue, and none of the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee or any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

  Exhibit B-7   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Issuing Entity and the rights of the Noteholders under the Indenture at any time by the Issuing Entity with the consent of the Holders of Notes representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of Notes representing specified percentages of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class, on behalf of all the Holders of the Class XS Notes, to waive compliance by the Issuing Entity with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holders of Notes representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class or the Holder of this Class XS Note (or any one or more Predecessor Notes) shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Class XS Note and of any Note issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Class XS Note. The Indenture also permits the Indenture Trustee to amend or waive certain terms and conditions set forth in the Indenture without the consent of the Noteholders.

The term “Issuing Entity” as used in this Class XS Note includes any successor to the Issuing Entity under the Indenture.

The Issuing Entity is permitted by the Indenture, under certain circumstances, to merge or consolidate with or into another person, subject to the rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders of Notes under the Indenture.

The Notes are issuable only in registered form in denominations as provided in the Indenture, subject to certain limitations therein set forth.

THIS NOTE AND THE INDENTURE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 AND SECTION 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Class XS Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Issuing Entity, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the amounts due on this Class XS Note at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency herein prescribed.

Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, neither the Depositor, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee nor the Owner Trustee in their respective individual capacities, any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuing Entity, nor any of their respective partners, beneficiaries, agents, officers, directors, employees or successors or assigns, shall be personally liable for, nor shall recourse be had to any of them for, the payment of amounts on, or performance of, or omission to perform, any of the covenants, obligations or indemnifications contained in this Class XS Note or the Indenture, it being expressly understood that said covenants, obligations and indemnifications have been made by the Owner Trustee solely as the Owner Trustee in the Excess Servicing Strip Amount. The Holder of this Class XS Note by the acceptance hereof agrees that, except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, in the case of an Event of Default under the Indenture, the Holder shall have no claim against any of the foregoing for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall be taken to prevent recourse to, and enforcement against, the Excess Servicing Strip Amount for any and all liabilities, obligations and undertakings contained in the Indenture or in this Class XS Note.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Indenture Trustee whose name appears below by manual signature, this Class XS Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture referred to herein or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

  Exhibit B-8   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuing Entity has caused this instrument to be signed, manually or in facsimile, by its Authorized Officer.

Dated: ___________, 2022

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

  Exhibit B-9   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


INDENTURE TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Notes designed above and referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

 

Computershare Trust Company, National Association, not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

  Exhibit B-10   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


ASSIGNMENT

Social Security or taxpayer I.D. or other identifying number of assignee

 

                                                                          

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto

 

                                                                                                                           

 

                                                                                                                           

                                         (name and address of assignee)

the within Note and all rights thereunder, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints ______________________________, as attorney, to transfer said Note on the books kept for registration thereof, with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

Dated:____________________                                           3 
     
      Signature Guaranteed:
                                                                                              

 

3

NOTE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears on the face of the within Note in every particular, without alteration, enlargement or any change whatsoever.

 

  Exhibit B-11   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


EXHIBIT C

SERVICING CRITERIA TO BE ADDRESSED IN

INDENTURE TRUSTEE’S ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE

The assessment of compliance to be delivered by the Indenture Trustee shall address, at a minimum, the criteria identified as below as “Applicable Servicing Criteria”:

 

Reference

  

Criteria

  

CTC
(IT)

     General Servicing Considerations     
1122(d)(1)(i)    Policies and procedures are instituted to monitor any performance or other triggers and events of default in accordance with the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(1)(ii)    If any material servicing activities are outsourced to third parties, policies and procedures are instituted to monitor the third party’s performance and compliance with such servicing activities.   
1122(d)(1)(iii)    Any requirements in the transaction agreements to maintain a back-up servicer for the pool assets are maintained.   
1122(d)(1)(iv)    A fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy is in effect on the party participating in the servicing function throughout the reporting period in the amount of coverage required by and otherwise in accordance with the terms of the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(1)(v)    Aggregation of information, as applicable, is mathematically accurate and the information conveyed accurately reflects the information.   
   Cash Collection and Administration   
1122(d)(2)(i)    Payments on pool assets are deposited into the appropriate custodial bank accounts and related bank clearing accounts no more than two business days of receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(ii)    Disbursements made via wire transfer on behalf of an obligor or to an investor are made only by authorized personnel.    X
1122(d)(2)(iii)    Advances of funds or guarantees regarding collections, cash flows or distributions, and any interest or other fees charged for such advances, are made, reviewed and approved as specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(iv)    The related accounts for the transaction, such as cash reserve accounts or accounts established as a form of overcollateralization, are separately maintained (e.g., with respect to commingling of cash) as set forth in the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(2)(v)    Each custodial account is maintained at a federally insured depository institution as set forth in the transaction agreements. For purposes of this criterion, “federally insured depository institution” with respect to a foreign financial institution means a foreign financial institution that meets the requirements of Rule 13k-1(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act.    X
1122(d)(2)(vi)    Unissued checks are safeguarded so as to prevent unauthorized access.   
1122(d)(2)(vii)    Reconciliations are prepared on a monthly basis for all asset-backed securities related bank accounts, including custodial accounts and related bank clearing accounts. These reconciliations: (A) are mathematically accurate; (B) are prepared within 30 calendar days after the bank statement cutoff date, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements; (C) are reviewed and approved by someone other than the person who prepared the reconciliation; and (D) contain explanations for reconciling items. These reconciling items are resolved within 90 calendar days of their original identification, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.    X

 

  Exhibit C-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Reference

  

Criteria

  

CTC
(IT)

     Investor Remittances and Reporting     
1122(d)(3)(i)    Reports to investors, including those to be filed with the Commission, are maintained in accordance with the transaction agreements and applicable Commission requirements. Specifically, such reports (A) are prepared in accordance with timeframes and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements; (B) provide information calculated in accordance with the terms specified in the transaction agreements; (C) are filed with the Commission as required by its rules and regulations; and (D) agree with investors’ or the trustee’s records as to the total unpaid principal balance and number of pool assets serviced by the servicer.   
1122(d)(3)(ii)    Amounts due to investors are allocated and remitted in accordance with timeframes, distribution priority and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(3)(iii)    Disbursements made to an investor are posted within two business days to the servicer’s investor records, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(3)(iv)    Amounts remitted to investors per the investor reports agree with cancelled checks, or other form of payment, or custodial bank statements.    X
   Pool Asset Administration   
1122(d)(4)(i)    Collateral or security on pool assets is maintained as required by the transaction agreements or related pool asset documents.   
1122(d)(4)(ii)    Pool assets and related documents are safeguarded as required by the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(iii)    Any additions, removals or substitutions to the asset pool are made, reviewed and approved in accordance with any conditions or requirements in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(iv)    Payments on pool assets, including any payoffs, made in accordance with the related pool asset documents are posted to the applicable servicer’s obligor records maintained no more than two business days after receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements, and allocated to principal, interest or other items (e.g., escrow) in accordance with the related pool asset documents.   
1122(d)(4)(v)    The servicer’s records regarding the pool assets agree with the servicer’s records with respect to an obligor’s unpaid principal balance.   
1122(d)(4)(vi)    Changes with respect to the terms or status of an obligor’s pool asset (e.g., loan modifications or re-agings) are made, reviewed and approved by authorized personnel in accordance with the transaction agreements and related pool asset documents.   
1122(d)(4)(vii)    Loss mitigation or recovery actions (e.g., forbearance plans, modifications and deeds in lieu of foreclosure, foreclosures and repossessions, as applicable) are initiated, conducted and concluded in accordance with the timeframes or other requirements established by the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(viii)    Records documenting collection efforts are maintained during the period a pool asset is delinquent in accordance with the transaction agreements. Such records are maintained on at least a monthly basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements, and describe the entity’s activities in monitoring delinquent pool assets including, for example, phone calls, letters and payment rescheduling plans in cases where delinquency is deemed temporary (e.g., illness or unemployment).   
1122(d)(4)(ix)    Adjustments to interest rates or rates of return for pool assets with variable rates are computed based on the related receivables documents.   
1122(d)(4)(x)    Regarding any funds held in trust for an obligor (such as escrow accounts): (A) such funds are analyzed, in accordance with the obligor’s pool assets documents, on at least an annual basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements; (B) interest on such funds is paid, or credited, to obligors in accordance with applicable pool asset documents and state laws; and (C) such funds are returned to the obligor within 30 calendar days of full repayment of the related pool asset, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   

 

  Exhibit C-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


Reference

  

Criteria

  

CTC
(IT)

1122(d)(4)(xi)    Payments made on behalf of an obligor (such as tax or insurance payments) are made on or before the related penalty or expiration dates, as indicated on the appropriate bills or notices for such payments, provided that such support has been received by the servicer at least 30 calendar days prior to these dates, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xii)    Any late payment penalties in connection with any payment to be made on behalf of an obligor are paid from the servicer’s funds and not charged to the obligor, unless the late payment was due to the obligor’s error or omission.   
1122(d)(4)(xiii)    Disbursements made on behalf of an obligor are posted within two business days to the obligor’s records maintained by the servicer, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xiv)    Delinquencies, charge-offs and uncollectible accounts are recognized and recorded in accordance with the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xv)    Any external enhancement or other support, identified in Item 1114(a)(1) through (3) or Item 1115 of Regulation AB, is maintained as set forth in the transaction agreements.   

 

  Exhibit C-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture


EXHIBIT D

FORM OF INDENTURE TRUSTEE CERTIFICATION

 

RE:

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2

Computershare Trust Company, National Association, not in its individual capacity but solely as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”), certifies to Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC (the “Depositor”) and Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 (the “Issuing Entity”), and their respective officers, with the knowledge and intent that they will rely upon this certification, that:

 

  (i)

It has reviewed the report on assessment of the Indenture Trustee’s compliance provided in accordance with Rules 13a-18 and 15d-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and Item 1122 of Regulation AB (the “Servicing Assessment”), and the registered public accounting firm’s attestation report provided in accordance with Rules 13a-18 and 15d-18 under the Exchange Act and Section 1122(b) of Regulation AB (the “Attestation Report”) that were delivered by the Indenture Trustee to the Depositor pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2022, by and among the Indenture Trustee the Depositor and the Issuing Entity (collectively, the “Indenture Trustee Information”);

 

  (ii)

To the best of its knowledge, the Servicing Assessment, taken as a whole, does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in the light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period of time covered by the Indenture Trustee Information;

 

  (iii)

To the best of its knowledge, all of the Indenture Trustee Information required to be provided by the Indenture Trustee under the Agreement has been provided to the Depositor and the Issuing Entity; and

 

  (iv)

To the best of its knowledge, except as disclosed in the Servicing Assessment or the Attestation Report, the Indenture Trustee has fulfilled its obligations under the Agreement pursuant to its terms in all material respects.

 

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

Date: _________________________

 

  Exhibit D   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Indenture

Exhibit 10.1

 

 

 

RECEIVABLES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

CARVANA, LLC,

as Seller

and

CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC,

as Purchaser

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

  

Section 1.1

  Definitions; Rules of Construction      2  

ARTICLE II CONVEYANCE OF RECEIVABLES

  

Section 2.1

  Conveyance of Receivables      2  

Section 2.2

  Intent of the Parties      4  

ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

  

Section 3.1

  Representations and Warranties of the Seller      4  

Section 3.2

  Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser      8  

Section 3.3

  Covenants of the Seller      9  

ARTICLE IV MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

  

Section 4.1

  Amendment      10  

Section 4.2

  Protection of Right, Title and Interest in and to Receivables      12  

Section 4.3

  Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Objection to Venue      12  

Section 4.4

  Waiver of Jury Trial      13  

Section 4.5

  Notices      13  

Section 4.6

  Severability of Provisions      13  

Section 4.7

  Closing; Assignment; Conveyance of Receivables and First Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity      13  

Section 4.8

  No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies      14  

Section 4.9

  Counterparts      14  

Section 4.10

  Third-Party Beneficiaries      14  

Section 4.11

  Merger and Integration      14  

Section 4.12

  Headings      14  

Section 4.13

  Indemnification      14  

Section 4.14

  Survival      15  

Section 4.15

  No Petition Covenant      15  

 

-i-

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


RECEIVABLES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

This RECEIVABLES PURCHASE AGREEMENT (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), dated as of May 25, 2022, is by and between Carvana, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company (“Carvana”), as the seller (the “Seller”), and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Depositor”), as the purchaser (the “Purchaser”).

AGREEMENTS

WHEREAS, the Purchaser desires to purchase automobile retail installment contracts and related rights owned by the Seller pursuant to this Agreement;

WHEREAS, the Seller is willing to sell such contracts and related rights to the Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement;

WHEREAS, the Purchaser intends to sell or otherwise transfer such contracts and related rights, or interests therein, to Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”), pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Receivables Transfer Agreement”), between the Issuing Entity and the Depositor;

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity intends to contribute or otherwise transfer such contracts and related rights, or interests therein, to Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor Trust”), pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Receivables Contribution Agreement”), between the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, in exchange for the Grantor Trust Certificate;

WHEREAS, the Grantor Trust intends to pledge such contracts and related rights to Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”), and the Issuing Entity will issue notes backed by the Grantor Trust Certificate pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee; and

WHEREAS, Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company (the “Servicer”), is willing to service such contracts in accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Backup Servicer and the Servicer.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements and subject to the terms and conditions herein contained, each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party:

 

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

Section 1.1 Definitions; Rules of Construction. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I and Part IV of Appendix A to this Agreement. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Receivables Purchase Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

ARTICLE II

CONVEYANCE OF RECEIVABLES

Section 2.1 Conveyance of Receivables.

(a) On the Closing Date, the Seller hereby agrees to sell, transfer, assign, set over and otherwise convey to the Purchaser and the Purchaser hereby agrees to purchase from the Seller, without recourse, all right, title and interest of the Seller in, to and under the following property, whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired (all of the property described in this Section 2.1(a) being collectively referred to herein as the “First Step Transferred Property”):

(i) the Receivables and all instruments and all monies due or to become due or received by any Person in payment of any of the foregoing on or after the Cutoff Date;

(ii) the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables (including any such Financed Vehicles that have been repossessed), any document or writing evidencing any security interest in any such Financed Vehicle and each security interest in each Financed Vehicle;

(iii) the Receivable Files and the Servicer Files related to such Receivables;

(iv) all rights to payment under all Insurance Policies with respect to the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, including any monies collected from whatever source in connection with any default of an Obligor or with respect to any such Financed Vehicle and any proceeds from claims or refunds of premiums on any Insurance Policy;

(v) all guaranties, indemnities, warranties, insurance (and proceeds and premium refunds thereof) and other agreements or arrangements of whatever character from time to time supporting or securing payment of the Receivables, whether pursuant to the related Contracts or otherwise;

 

2

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(vi) all rights to payment under all service contracts and other contracts and agreements associated with such Receivables;

(vii) all Liquidation Proceeds related to any such Receivable received on or after the Cutoff Date;

(viii) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all deposit accounts, monies, deposits, funds, accounts and instruments relating to the foregoing (excluding payments or recoveries in respect of the Receivables received prior to the Cutoff Date);

(ix) the proceeds of any and all of the foregoing; and

(x) all present and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any of all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property; all accounts, general intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, money, investment property, deposit accounts, letters of credit, letter-of-credit rights, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations; and all other property which at any time constitutes all or part of or is included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing.

(b) In connection with the purchase and sale of the First Step Transferred Property hereunder, the Seller agrees, at its own expense, (i) to annotate and indicate on its books and records (including any computer files) that the Receivables were sold and transferred to the Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) to deliver to the Purchaser (or its designee) all Collections on the Receivables, if any, received on or after the Cutoff Date, and (iii) to deliver to the Purchaser an assignment substantially in the form (or in such other form as shall be mutually acceptable to the Seller and the Purchaser) attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “First Step Receivables Assignment”).

(c) In consideration of the sale of the Receivables from the Seller to the Purchaser as provided herein, the Purchaser shall pay to the Seller an amount equal to the Receivables Purchase Price. A portion of the Receivables Purchase Price shall be paid to the Seller in immediately available funds and the balance of such purchase price shall be paid through the transfer of approximately five percent of the Notes and Certificates retained for risk retention purposes and any other Retained Notes.

(d) The Purchaser hereby directs the Seller to transfer all Electronic Contracts included in the First Step Transferred Property directly to the Grantor Trust, as assignee under the Receivables Contribution Agreement of the Issuing Entity, who is the assignee of the Purchaser under the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

 

3

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


Section 2.2 Intent of the Parties.

It is the intention of the parties that each conveyance hereunder of the Receivables and the other First Step Transferred Property from the Seller to the Purchaser as provided in Section 2.1 be, and be construed as, an absolute sale, without recourse, of the Receivables and other First Step Transferred Property by the Seller to the Purchaser. Furthermore, no such conveyance is intended to be a pledge of the First Step Transferred Property by the Seller to the Purchaser to secure a debt or other obligation of the Seller. If, however, notwithstanding the intention of the parties, the conveyance provided for in Section 2.1 is determined, for any reason, not to be an absolute sale, then the parties intend that this Agreement shall be deemed to be a “security agreement” within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC and the Seller hereby grants to the Purchaser a “security interest” within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC in all of the Seller’s right, title and interest in and to the First Step Transferred Property, now existing and hereafter created or acquired, to secure a loan in an amount equal to the Receivables Purchase Price and each of the Seller’s other payment obligations under this Agreement.

ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

Section 3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Seller.

(a) General Representations and Warranties. The Seller makes the following representations and warranties to the Purchaser as of the date of this Agreement, which shall survive the delivery of the First Step Transferred Property, and on which representations and warranties the Purchaser shall rely in acquiring the First Step Transferred Property.

(i) Organization and Good Standing. The Seller has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a limited liability company, in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation, with all requisite limited liability company power and authority to own or lease its properties and conduct its business as such business is presently conducted, and the Seller had at all relevant times, and now has the power, authority and legal right to acquire, own and sell the Receivables and other First Step Transferred Property.

(ii) Due Qualification. The Seller is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in all jurisdictions, in which the ownership or lease of its property or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications, licenses or approvals (including, as applicable, the origination, purchase, sale, pledge and servicing of the Receivables) except where the failure to so qualify or obtain such license or approval could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(iii) Power and Authority; Due Authorization. The Seller (i) has the power and authority to (A) execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, (B) carry out the terms of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (C) sell the First Step Transferred Property on the terms and conditions herein provided and (ii) has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the sale of the First Step Transferred Property on the terms and conditions herein and therein provided.

 

4

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(iv) Valid Sale, Binding Obligation. This Agreement, when duly executed and delivered by the Purchaser, and the First Step Receivables Assignment constitute a valid sale, transfer and assignment of the applicable Receivables and other First Step Transferred Property to the Purchaser, enforceable against creditors of and purchasers from the Seller; and this Agreement, when duly executed and delivered by the Purchaser, and the First Step Receivables Assignment constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Seller enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(v) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which the Seller is a party and the fulfillment of the terms hereof and thereof will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Seller’s certificate of formation, limited liability company agreement or other constituent documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Seller, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Seller’s properties, other than Liens permitted or created pursuant to the Transaction Documents or (iii) violate any Applicable Law; in each case, except where such failure to comply could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Seller.

(vi) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Seller, threatened against the Seller, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which the Seller is a party, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which the Seller is a party or (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Seller.

(vii) No Consents. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders, licenses or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Seller of this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Seller is a party have been obtained.

(viii) Value Given. The Purchaser shall have given reasonably equivalent value to the Seller in consideration for the transfer by the Seller to the Purchaser of each of the Receivables and the related First Step Transferred Property under this Agreement.

(b) Representations and Warranties Regarding each Receivable. The Seller makes the following representations and warranties to the Purchaser regarding each Receivable as of the Closing Date, which shall survive the sale, transfer and assignment of the Receivables, and on which representations and warranties the Purchaser shall rely in acquiring the Receivables.

 

5

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(i) Schedule of Receivables. As of the Cutoff Date, the information set forth in the Schedule of Receivables with respect to each Receivable is true and correct in all material respects.

(ii) Eligibility of Receivables. As of the Closing Date or such other date specified in Exhibit B, the representations and warranties in Exhibit B hereto are true and correct with respect to each Receivable assigned by the Seller to the Purchaser hereunder and under the First Step Receivables Assignment.

(c) Representations and Warranties Regarding the First Step Transferred Property. The Seller makes the following representations and warranties to the Purchaser regarding the First Step Transferred Property as of the Closing Date, which shall survive the sale, transfer and assignment of the Receivables, and on which representations and warranties the Purchaser shall rely in acquiring the Receivables.

(i) Selection Procedures. No procedures believed by the Seller to be adverse to the interests of the Purchaser or the Holders of the Securities were utilized by the Seller in identifying or selecting Receivables to be acquired from the Seller under this Agreement.

(ii) Good Title.

(A) Immediately prior to the conveyance of each Receivable and the related First Step Transferred Property to the Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement and the First Step Receivables Assignment, the Seller had good and marketable title thereto, free and clear of all Liens except for Permitted Liens and those Liens that will be released simultaneously with the conveyance hereunder. No effective financing statement or other instrument similar in effect covering any portion of the First Step Transferred Property shall, on or after the Closing Date be on file in any recording office except such as may be filed in favor of (i) the Purchaser in accordance with this Agreement, (ii) the Issuing Entity in accordance with the Receivables Transfer Agreement, (iii) the Grantor Trust in connection with the Receivables Contribution Agreement or (iv) the Indenture Trustee in connection with the Indenture.

(B) Upon the conveyance of such Receivable and the other related First Step Transferred Property to the Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement and the First Step Receivables Assignment, the Purchaser will be the sole owner of, and have good, indefeasible and marketable title to such Receivable and other related First Step Transferred Property, free and clear of any Lien (other than Liens created hereunder and Permitted Liens and those Liens that will be released simultaneously with the conveyance hereunder); and, to the extent the related Obligor has a contractual right to return the Financed Vehicle to the Seller for repurchase, the applicable repurchase period has expired. As of the date hereof, each Receivable and the related Financed Vehicle is free and clear of any Lien of any Person (other than Liens created hereunder and Permitted Liens or those Liens that will be released simultaneously with the conveyance hereunder) and is in compliance with all Applicable Laws.

 

6

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(iii) All Filings Made. With respect to the sale and assignment of the First Step Transferred Property to the Purchaser, the Seller has taken all steps reasonably necessary to ensure that such sale and assignment has been perfected under the relevant UCC. With respect to the First Step Transferred Property, the Seller has taken all steps necessary to ensure that all filings (including UCC filings) necessary in any jurisdiction to give the Indenture Trustee a first priority perfected security interest in the First Step Transferred Property have been made.

(iv) Lawful Assignment. Each such Receivable was not originated in, and is not subject to the laws of, any jurisdiction under which the transfer of such Receivable under the Transaction Documents shall be unlawful, void or voidable. Such Receivable is assignable without notice to or the consent of the related Obligor.

(d) Repurchase of Receivables. In the event of

(A) a breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) hereof with respect to any Receivable, that materially and adversely affects the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole (a “Repurchase Event”), unless the breach shall have been cured within thirty (30) days following (i) discovery of the breach by the Seller or receipt of notice of such breach by the Seller from the Purchaser, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust (which notice shall provide sufficient detail so as to allow the Seller to reasonably investigate the alleged breach), or (ii) in the case of the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee, a Responsible Officer of such trustee has actual knowledge or receives written notice of a breach of such representation or warranty, then

(B) the Seller shall repurchase such Receivable from the Grantor Trust (if the Grantor Trust is then the owner of such Receivable) on the date and for the amount specified in the Receivables Transfer Agreement, in each case, without further notice from the Purchaser hereunder. Any such breach shall be deemed not to materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, if such breach does not affect the ability of the Purchaser (or its assignee) to receive and retain timely payment in full on such Receivable. Upon the occurrence of a Repurchase Event with respect to a Receivable for which the Purchaser is the owner, the Seller agrees to repurchase such Receivable from the Purchaser for an amount and upon the same terms as the Seller would be obligated to repurchase such Receivable from the Grantor Trust if the Grantor Trust was then the owner thereof, and upon payment of such amount, the Seller shall have such rights with respect to such Receivable as if the Seller had purchased such Receivable from the Grantor Trust as the owner thereof. It is understood and agreed that the obligation of the Seller to repurchase any Receivable as to which a Repurchase Event has occurred and is continuing shall,

 

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


if such obligation is fulfilled, constitute the sole and exclusive remedy (other than any indemnities available pursuant to Section 4.13) available to the Purchaser, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Financial Parties for the breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) and Section 3.1(c) hereof with respect to such Receivable.

(e) Upon receipt by the then-current owner of the related Receivable of the applicable Purchase Amount, the applicable Receivable and any and all related First Step Transferred Property shall be automatically and immediately assigned and re-conveyed by the Purchaser (or its applicable assign, as the case may be) to the Seller.

(f) Upon discovery by the Seller or by the Purchaser of a breach of any of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(a), Section 3.1(b) and Section 3.1(c) (other than with respect to Receivables that have been repurchased in accordance with the terms of this Agreement) the party discovering such breach shall give prompt written notice to the other party.

(g) The Seller agrees to cooperate with the Grantor Trust and the Requesting Party in any dispute resolution proceeding pursuant to, and be bound by the dispute resolution terms in Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement as if they were part of this Agreement.

Section 3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser.

(a) The Purchaser makes the following representations and warranties to the Seller as of the date of this Agreement, and on which representations and warranties the Seller shall rely in selling the Receivables.

(i) Organization and Good Standing. The Purchaser has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a limited liability company and in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation, with all requisite limited liability company power and authority to own or lease its properties and to conduct its business as such business is presently conducted and to enter into and perform its obligations pursuant to this Agreement.

(ii) Due Qualification. The Purchaser is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in all jurisdictions, in which the ownership or lease of its property or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications, licenses or approvals (including, as applicable, the origination, purchase, sale, pledge and servicing of the Receivables) except where the failure to so qualify or obtain such license or approval could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(iii) Power and Authority; Due Authorization. The Purchaser (i) has the power and authority to (A) execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (B) carry out the terms of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (ii) has duly authorized by all necessary action on its part the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

 

8

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(iv) Binding Obligation. This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Purchaser enforceable against the Purchaser in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(v) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the fulfillment of the terms hereof will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Purchaser’s certificate of formation or by-laws, limited liability company agreement, trust agreement or other constituent documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Purchaser, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Purchaser’s properties, other than Liens permitted or created pursuant to the Transaction Documents, or (iii) violate any Applicable Law, in each case, except where such failure to comply could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Purchaser.

(vi) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Purchaser, threatened against the Purchaser, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (iii) challenging the enforceability of a material portion of the Receivables or (iv) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Purchaser.

(vii) No Consents. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority (if any) required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Purchaser of this Agreement have been obtained.

(b) Upon discovery by the Seller or by the Purchaser of a breach of any of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2(a), the party discovering such breach shall give prompt written notice to the other party.

Section 3.3 Covenants of the Seller. The Seller hereby covenants as to the Receivables the Seller has sold to the Purchaser hereby that:

(a) Delivery of Payments; Pre-Closing Collections. The Seller shall within two (2) Business Days after the Closing Date, transfer all Collections received by it on or after the Cutoff Date with respect to any Receivable or related First Step Transferred Property to, or at the direction of, the Purchaser (or the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust). The Seller shall inform the Servicer to deposit all amounts due in respect of the First Step Transferred Property to or at the direction of the Purchaser (or the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust).

 

9

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(b) Keeping of Records and Books of Account. The Seller will maintain and implement administrative and operating procedures (including an ability to re-create records evidencing Receivables in the event of loss of access to the E-Vault System of the Contracts maintained therein), and keep and maintain all documents, books, records and other information, reasonably necessary or advisable for the collection of all Receivables and other First Step Transferred Property.

(c) Security Interests. The Seller will not sell, pledge, assign or transfer to any other Person, or grant, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any portion of the Receivables or other First Step Transferred Property, whether now existing or hereafter transferred hereunder, or any interest therein, and the Seller will not sell, pledge, assign or suffer to exist any Lien on its interest, if any, hereunder. The Seller will promptly notify the Purchaser of the existence of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any portion of the Receivables or other First Step Transferred Property and the Seller shall defend the right, title and interest of the Purchaser (and the permitted assignees) in, to and under such Receivables and other First Step Transferred Property, against all claims of third parties; provided, however, that nothing in this subsection shall prevent or be deemed to prohibit the Seller from suffering to exist Permitted Liens upon any portion of the First Step Transferred Property.

ARTICLE IV

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 4.1 Amendment.

(a) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Seller and the Purchaser, without the consent of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, any of the Noteholders, any of the Certificateholders or any other Person (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Seller, (iv) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or Unaffiliated Certificateholders, or (v) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Administrator notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

(b) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Seller, the Purchaser and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Certificateholders to add or supplement any credit enhancement for the benefit of the Noteholders of any class or the Certificateholders (provided that if any such addition shall affect any class of Noteholders differently from any other class of Noteholders, then such addition shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any class of Noteholders).

 

10

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(c) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Seller, the Purchaser and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders as of the close of business on the preceding Distribution Date, or if no Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 4.1 or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Notes or Certificates and of any Notes or Certificates issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon any Notes or Certificates) for the purpose of adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner, or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall (a) without the consent of the holder of the affected Note or Certificate, as applicable, increase or reduce the interest rate or principal amount of any Note or change the Final Scheduled Distribution Date of any Note or distributions on the Certificates, (b) increase or reduce the amount of the required Specified Reserve Account Balance or the Specified Class N Reserve Account Balance without the consent of all of the Noteholders or Certificateholders then outstanding or (c) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be.

(d) It will not be necessary for the consent of Noteholders or Certificateholders pursuant to Section 4.1(b) or (c) to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it will be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders and Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Indenture Trustee and Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

(e) No amendment, waiver or other modification which adversely affects the rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement shall be effective without such entity’s prior written consent.

(f) Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to Section 4.1(b) or (c), the Seller shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Seller shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

(g) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Purchaser, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

 

11

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


Section 4.2 Protection of Right, Title and Interest in and to Receivables.

(a) The Seller, at its expense, shall cause all financing statements and continuation statements, amendments, assignments and any other necessary documents and notices, covering or evidencing the Purchaser’s right, title and interest in and to the Receivables and other First Step Transferred Property to be promptly recorded, registered and filed, and at all times to be kept recorded, registered and filed, and take such other action, all in such manner and in such places as may be required by law, fully to preserve and protect the right, title and interest of the Purchaser hereunder in and to all of the Receivables and such other First Step Transferred Property. The Seller shall deliver to the Purchaser file-stamped copies of, or filing receipts for, any document recorded, registered or filed as provided above, as soon as available following such recording, registration or filing. The Purchaser shall cooperate fully with the Seller in connection with the obligations set forth above and will execute any and all documents reasonably required to fulfill the intent of this subsection.

(b) Name Change. The Seller shall not change its State of organization or its name, identity or entity structure in any manner that would, could or might make any financing statement or continuation statement filed by the Seller, Purchaser or Purchaser’s assigns seriously misleading within the meaning of the UCC, unless it shall give the Purchaser written notice thereof at least five (5) Business Days prior to such change.

(c) Executive Office; Maintenance of Offices. The Seller shall give the Purchaser written notice at least ten (10) Business Days prior to any relocation of its principal executive office if, as a result of such relocation, the applicable provisions of the UCC would require the filing of any amendment of any previously filed financing or continuation statement or of any new financing statement. The Seller shall at all times maintain each office from which it originates Receivables and its principal executive office within the United States of America.

(d) New Debtor. In the event that the Seller shall change the jurisdiction in which it is formed or otherwise enter into any transaction which would result in a “new debtor” (as defined in the UCC) succeeding to the obligations of the Seller hereunder, the Seller shall comply fully with the obligations of Section 4.2(a).

(e) The Seller shall maintain its computer systems relating to contract record keeping so that, from and after the time of sale of any Receivable under this Agreement, the Seller’s master computer records (including any backup archives) that refer to a Receivable shall indicate clearly the interest of the Purchaser (or assignees).

Section 4.3 Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Objection to Venue. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE FIRST STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)). EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, LOCATED IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN AND THE FEDERAL

 

12

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


COURTS LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER OR UNDER THE FIRST STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

Section 4.4 Waiver of Jury Trial. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

Section 4.5 Notices. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Seller or the Purchaser under this Agreement shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A.

Section 4.6 Severability of Provisions. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall for any reason whatsoever be held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions and terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement.

Section 4.7 Closing; Assignment; Conveyance of Receivables and First Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity. The transfer of the Receivables contemplated by this Agreement shall take place at Carvana Headquarters, on the date hereof. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Purchaser or the Seller except as contemplated by this Section 4.7. The Seller acknowledges that the Purchaser (or any permitted assign) may, pursuant to certain agreements, assign and convey the Receivables and the other First Step Transferred Property, together with its rights under this Agreement, to the Issuing Entity under the Receivables Transfer Agreement and the Second Step Receivables Assignment (as defined in the Receivables Transfer Agreement) and that the Issuing Entity may make further assignments, conveyances and pledges of such rights and assets to other Persons pursuant to the Indenture and the Receivables Contribution Agreement and that the Grantor Trust may make further assignments, conveyances and pledges pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement and the Indenture. The Seller acknowledges and consents to such assignments and pledges and waives any further notice thereof. Additionally, the Seller acknowledges that the Grantor Trust may assign the representations and warrants set forth in Section 3.1(b) to any Third-Party Purchaser with respect to the sale of Charged-Off Receivables pursuant to a Forward Commitment Transfer.

 

13

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


Section 4.8 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies. No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of the Purchaser or the Seller, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided are cumulative and not exhaustive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

Section 4.9 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2) or more counterparts (and by different parties on separate counterparts), each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

Section 4.10 Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee and, to the extent expressly referenced herein, shall inure to the benefit of the Noteholders and the Certificateholders, who shall be considered to be a third party beneficiary hereof (including beneficiaries of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(b)). Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no other Person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

Section 4.11 Merger and Integration. Except as specifically stated otherwise herein, this Agreement sets forth the entire understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter hereof, and all prior understandings, written or oral, are superseded by this Agreement. This Agreement may not be modified, amended, waived or supplemented except as provided herein.

Section 4.12 Headings. The headings herein are for purposes of references only and shall not otherwise affect the meaning or interpretation of any provision hereof.

Section 4.13 Indemnification. The Seller shall indemnify and hold harmless the Purchaser, the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee and their respective agents and assignees (each, an “Indemnified Person”) from and against any loss, liability, expense (including reasonable and documented out of pocket external attorneys’

 

14

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


fees and costs) or damage suffered or sustained by reason of third party claims which may be asserted against or incurred by the Purchaser or any of the permitted assignees (collectively, “Losses”) as a result of (i) the failure of a Receivable to be originated in compliance in all material respects with all requirements of Applicable Law, and (ii) breach of the Seller’s representations and warranties contained herein and any failure by the Seller to comply with its obligations under Section 4.2 or Section 3.3(c); provided that the Seller’s repurchase obligation for a breach of representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(b) hereof is the sole remedy therefor, except with respect to matters set forth in (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such indemnity shall not be available to an Indemnified Person to the extent that such Losses (A) have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith, fraud or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Person or (B) arise primarily due to the deterioration in the credit quality or market value of the Receivables, Financed Vehicles or other First Step Transferred Property (or the underlying Obligors thereunder) or otherwise constituting credit recourse for the failure of an Obligor to pay any amount owing with respect to any First Step Transferred Property.

Section 4.14 Survival. All representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities and other provisions made by the Seller herein or in connection herewith shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Purchaser, and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement. The terms of Section 4.13 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

Section 4.15 No Petition Covenant. Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement, the Seller shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the final distribution with respect to the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) to the Note Distribution Account or, with respect to the Certificates, to the Certificateholders or the Certificate Distribution Account, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Purchaser, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Purchaser, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Purchaser, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of the property of either of them, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of Purchaser, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

[REMAINDER OF PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

CARVANA, LLC,
as Seller
By:  

         

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC, as Purchaser
By:  

         

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature Page to Receivables Purchase Agreement]


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF

FIRST STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT

PURSUANT TO RECEIVABLES PURCHASE AGREEMENT

On May 25, 2022 for value received, in accordance with the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), between Carvana, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company (the “Seller”), and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Purchaser”), the Seller does hereby sell, assign, transfer, set over and otherwise convey unto the Purchaser, without recourse, all of the Seller’s right, title and interest in, to and under the following property, whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired:

(i) the Receivables and all instruments and all monies due or to become due or received by any Person in payment of any of the foregoing on or after the Cutoff Date;

(ii) the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables (including any such Financed Vehicles that have been repossessed), any document or writing evidencing any security interest in any such Financed Vehicle and each security interest in each Financed Vehicle;

(iii) the Receivable Files and the Servicer Files related to such Receivables;

(iv) all rights to payment under all Insurance Policies with respect to the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, including any monies collected from whatever source in connection with any default of an Obligor or with respect to any such Financed Vehicle and any proceeds from claims or refunds of premiums on any Insurance Policy;

(v) all guaranties, indemnities, warranties, insurance (and proceeds and premium refunds thereof) and other agreements or arrangements of whatever character from time to time supporting or securing payment of the Receivables, whether pursuant to the related Contracts or otherwise;

(vi) all rights to payment under all service contracts and other contracts and agreements associated with such Receivables;

(vii) all Liquidation Proceeds related to any such Receivable received on or after the Cutoff Date;

(viii) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all deposit accounts, monies, deposits, funds, accounts and instruments relating to the foregoing (excluding payments or recoveries in respect of the Receivables received prior to the Cutoff Date);

 

Ex. A-1

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


(ix) the proceeds of any and all of the foregoing; and

(x) all present and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any of all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property; all accounts, general intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, money, investment property, deposit accounts, letters of credit, letter-of-credit rights, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations; and all other property which at any time constitutes all or part of or is included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing.

It is the intention of the Seller and the Purchaser that the transfer and assignment of Receivables contemplated by the Receivables Purchase Agreement and this First Step Receivables Assignment shall constitute an absolute and irrevocable sale of the First Step Transferred Property from the Seller to the Purchaser so that the beneficial interest in and title to the Receivables and the other related First Step Transferred Property shall not be part of the Seller’s estate in the event of the filing of a petition for insolvency, receivership or conservatorship by or against the Seller or placement into receivership or conservatorship of the Seller under any relevant bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or conservatorship law.

The foregoing transfer and assignment of the First Step Transferred Property contemplated by the Receivables Purchase Agreement and this First Step Receivables Assignment does not constitute and is not intended to result in any assumption by the Purchaser of any obligation of the Seller, the Servicer or any other Person to the Obligors, insurers or any other Person in connection with the Receivables or the other related First Step Transferred Property, including any insurance policies or any agreement or instrument relating to any of them.

THIS FIRST STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)).

This First Step Receivables Assignment is made pursuant to and upon the representations, warranties and agreements on the part of the undersigned contained in the Receivables Purchase Agreement and is to be governed by the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning assigned to them in the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

* * * * *

 

Ex. A-2

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this First Step Receivables Assignment to be duly executed as of the day and year first written above.

 

CARVANA, LLC,
as Seller
By:  

         

Name:
Title:

 

Ex. A-3

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


SCHEDULE A TO THE FIRST STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT

FIRST STEP SCHEDULE OF RECEIVABLES

The First Step Schedule of Receivables is

on file at the offices of:

 

  1.

The Indenture Trustee

 

  2.

The Servicer

 

  3.

The Seller

 

  4.

The Purchaser

 

  5.

The Issuing Entity

 

  6.

The Grantor Trust

 

Sch. A-1

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


EXHIBIT B

RECEIVABLES REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

The Seller makes the following representations and warranties as to each Receivable:

Characteristics of Receivables. Such Receivable:

(1) was originated in the United States of America for the retail sale of a Financed Vehicle in the ordinary course of the Seller’s business;

(2) was executed or electronically authenticated by the parties thereto;

(3) contains customary and enforceable provisions such that the rights and remedies of the holder thereof are adequate for realization against the Financed Vehicle;

(4) provides for level scheduled monthly payments that fully amortize the amount financed by maturity and yields interest at the Annual Percentage Rate (except that the last payment may be smaller or greater than the level payments);

(5) is secured by a Financed Vehicle;

(6) is a Simple Interest Receivable;

(7) as of the Cutoff Date, was not considered a Delinquent Receivable for more than 30 days;

(8) has an original term of not greater than 78 monthly payments;

(9) has a Deal Score equal to or greater than 50 at the time of origination;

(10) has an Obligor with a FICO score equal to or greater than 550 at the time of origination; and

(11) has a fixed Annual Percentage Rate of not more than 28%.

Compliance with Law. Such Receivable and the sale of the related Financed Vehicle complied at the time it was originated or made and, at the execution of this Agreement, complies in all material respects with all requirements of applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations thereunder, including usury laws, the federal Truth-in-Lending Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s Regulations B and Z, and State adaptations of the National Consumer Act and of the Uniform Consumer Credit Code, and other consumer credit laws and equal credit opportunity and disclosure laws.

 

Ex. B-1

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


Binding Obligation. Such Receivable represents the legal, valid and binding obligation of the related Obligor, enforceable in all material respects by the holder thereof in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws, affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, any state or federal consumer protection laws or regulations and except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity (whether considered in a suit at law or in equity).

No Government Obligor. Such Receivable is not due from the United States of America or any State or from any agency, department or instrumentality of the United States of America or any State.

Security Interest in Financed Vehicle. Immediately prior to the transfer of the Receivable by the Seller to the Depositor, such Receivable was secured by a valid, binding and enforceable first priority perfected security interest in favor of the Seller in the related Financed Vehicle, or all necessary and appropriate actions shall have been commenced that would result in the valid perfection of a first priority security interest in favor of the Seller in the Financed Vehicle, which security interest has been validly assigned by the Seller to the Depositor.

Receivables in Force. The Receivable has not been satisfied, subordinated or rescinded, nor has the related Financed Vehicle been released from the Lien granted by the related Receivable in whole or in part.

No Waiver. No provision of the related Contract has been waived, amended or rewritten nor have any amounts due and owing thereunder deferred or waived (except waivers, amendments, rewrites, deferrals or waivers in all material respects in accordance with the Customary Servicing Practices).

No Defenses. Such Receivable (a) is not subject to any offset, counterclaim or defense whatsoever (except the discharge in bankruptcy of such Obligor), and (b) with respect thereto (i) there is no material breach, default, violation or event of acceleration existing under the related Contract, and there is no event which, with the passage of time, or with notice and the expiration of any grace or cure period, would constitute a default, breach, violation or event of acceleration (excluding in the case of this clause (i) any payment default continuing for a period of not more than 30 days as of the Cutoff Date) and (ii) to the best of the Seller’s knowledge, no right of rescission, setoff, counterclaim or defense shall have been asserted or threatened.

No Liens. To the Seller’s knowledge, no liens or claims have been filed for work, labor or materials relating to the related Financed Vehicle that are liens prior or equal to the security interest in the related Financed Vehicle granted by such Receivable.

Insurance. At the time of origination by the Seller, the related Financed Vehicle was covered by an Insurance Policy that covers physical loss or damage in at least the minimum amount required by the state in which the related Obligor resides, the related Obligor is required under the terms of the related Contract to maintain such Insurance Policy, and there are no forced-placed insurance premiums added to the amount financed.

 

Ex. B-2

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


Certificate of Title. (a) A Title Lien Nominee is named as the first lien holder on the Certificate of Title for the related Financed Vehicle, or if a new or replacement Certificate of Title is being or will be applied for with respect to such Financed Vehicle, documentation has been or will be submitted to obtain title thereto noting such Person as lien holder and such title is free and clear of all Liens and adverse claims that are equal or superior to the Lien of such Person and its assigns and if the Certificate of Title has not been received, the Collateral Custodian will have received a copy of the title application when available or (b) in those states that permit electronic recordation of Liens, such Person is named as the first lien holder on the Certificate of Title for the related Financed Vehicle on the electronic lien and title system of the applicable state, or the Servicer or the Seller has submitted for electronic recordation, by either a third-party service provider or the relevant state registrar of titles, for such Person to be named as the lien holder on the Certificate of Title on the electronic lien and title system of the applicable state and if a confirmation has not been received, the Collateral Custodian will have received a copy of the electronic submission when available and such title is free and clear of all Liens and adverse claims that are equal or superior to the Lien of such Person and its assigns.

No Bankruptcies. To the Seller’s knowledge, as of the Cutoff Date, the related Obligor on such Receivable is not currently the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.

No Repossessions. Such Receivable was not secured by a Financed Vehicle that had been repossessed without reinstatement of the related Contract. As of the Cutoff Date, no investigation has been initiated by the Seller or an Affiliate of the Seller (excluding the Servicer and any subsidiary thereof) to determine the whereabouts of the related Financed Vehicle or the related Obligor for the purposes of the repossession of the related Financed Vehicle.

Chattel Paper. Such Receivable constitutes any of “chattel paper,” an “account,” an “instrument” or a “general intangible” as defined in the UCC.

One Authoritative Copy or Original. Such Receivable is evidenced by only one Authoritative Copy, the record or records composing the electronic chattel paper are created, stored and assigned in such a manner that (A) a single Authoritative Copy of the record or records exists which is unique, identifiable and unalterable (other than a revision that is readily identifiable as an authorized or unauthorized revision) other than with the participation of the Collateral Custodian in the case of an addition or amendment of a permitted and identifiable assignee, (B) each copy of the Authoritative Copy and any copy of a copy is readily identifiable as a copy that is not the Authoritative Copy, and (C) the Authoritative Copy has been communicated to and is maintained by the Collateral Custodian.

Prepayment. Such Receivable provides that a prepayment by the related Obligor will fully pay the principal balance and accrued interest through the date of prepayment based on such Receivable’s Annual Percentage Rate.

Origination Date. The Receivable was originated at least eight days prior to the Cutoff Date.

 

Ex. B-3

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Purchase Agreement


APPENDIX A

PART I - DEFINITIONS

AAA: The American Arbitration Association.

AAA Rules: The AAA’s Commercial Arbitration Rules and Mediation Procedures in effect as of the date of the commencement of the ADR Proceeding.

Account Holder: A bank or trust company, whose short-term unsecured debt obligations have the Required Deposit Rating, that holds one or more of the Designated Accounts. The initial Account Holder shall be Wells Fargo Bank, National Association.

Acknowledgment and Agreement: That certain Acknowledgement and Agreement to the Master Agency Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date.

Act: Has the meaning specified in Section 11.3 of the Indenture.

Actual Loss Amount: With respect to an Indemnified Receivable:

(A) if the Servicer has extended the date for final payment by the Obligor of such Receivable beyond the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date, then an amount equal to the outstanding Principal Balance as of the fifth Business Day preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date, and the related “Actual Loss Calculation Date” shall be the fifth Business Day preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date;

(B) if the Servicer has reduced the APR with respect to such Receivable other than as permitted by Section 2.2 of the Servicing Agreement, then an amount equal to the amount of the anticipated aggregate reduction in interest payments attributable to reduction of the APR over the term of such Receivable, and the related “Actual Loss Calculation Date” shall be the last day of the Collection Period during which the Servicer made such reduction;

(C) if the Servicer has reduced the APR with respect to such Receivable other than as permitted by Section 2.2 of the Servicing Agreement, then an amount equal to the greater of (i) zero and (ii) the excess of the Indemnified Receivable Amount for such Receivable over the sum of all Collections (including Liquidation Proceeds and Actual Loss Amounts previously paid by the Servicer with respect to such Receivable) received on such Receivable from and after the last day of the Collection Period ending immediately prior to the date of such reduction by the Servicer through the earliest date that (1) such Receivable is paid in full, (2) all related Liquidation Proceeds expected to be received, if any, are received and (3) the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date, and the related “Actual Loss Calculation Date” shall be the last day of the earliest Collection Period during which such Receivable is paid in full, all related Liquidation Proceeds expected to be received, if any, are received and the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date;


(D) if the Servicer has reduced the Principal Balance with respect to such Receivable other than as permitted by Section 2.2 of the Servicing Agreement, then an amount equal to such reduction, and the related “Actual Loss Calculation Date” shall be the last day of the Collection Period during which the Servicer made such reduction;

(E) if the Servicer has reduced the Principal Balance with respect to such Receivable other than as permitted by Section 2.2 of the Servicing Agreement, then an amount equal to the greater of (i) zero and (ii) the excess of the Indemnified Receivable Amount for such Receivable over the sum of all Collections (including Liquidation Proceeds and Actual Loss Amounts previously paid by the Servicer with respect to such Receivable) received on such Receivable from and after the last day of the Collection Period ending immediately prior to the date of such reduction by the Servicer through the earliest date that (1) such Receivable is paid in full, (2) all related Liquidation Proceeds expected to be received, if any, are received and (3) the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date, and the related “Actual Loss Calculation Date” shall be the last day of the earliest Collection Period during which such Receivable is paid in full, all related Liquidation Proceeds expected to be received, if any, are received and the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date; and

(F) if the Servicer has breached Section 2.5 of the Servicing Agreement with respect to such Receivable and such breach materially and adversely affects the interests of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Certificateholders, the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders, then an amount equal to the greater of (i) zero and (ii) the excess of the Indemnified Receivable Amount for such Receivable over the sum of all Collections (including Liquidation Proceeds and Actual Loss Amounts previously paid by the Servicer with respect to such Receivable) received on such Receivable from and after the last day of the Collection Period ending immediately prior to the date of such breach by the Servicer through the earliest date that (1) such Receivable is paid in full, (2) all related Liquidation Proceeds expected to be received, if any, are received and (3) the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date, and the related “Actual Loss Calculation Date” shall be the last day of the earliest Collection Period during which such Receivable is paid in full, all related Liquidation Proceeds expected to be received, if any, are received and the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date.

Actual Loss Calculation Date: With respect to any Indemnified Receivable shall have the applicable meaning set forth in the definition of Actual Loss Amount.

Administration Agreement: That certain Administration Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Administrator, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee.

Administrator: Carvana, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, or any successor thereto in such capacity.

ADR Proceeding: Either an Arbitration or a Mediation.

 

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Affiliate: With respect to any specified Person, any other Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

Agency Office: Has the meaning specified in Section 3.2 of the Indenture.

Aggregate Class A Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the aggregate of the Note Class Interest Distributable Amount for each Class of the Class A Notes for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Class A Interest Carryover Shortfall as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date.

Aggregate Class B Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the Note Class Interest Distributable Amount for the Class B Notes for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Class B Interest Carryover Shortfall as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date.

Aggregate Class C Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the Note Class Interest Distributable Amount for the Class C Notes for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Class C Interest Carryover Shortfall as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date.

Aggregate Class D Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the Note Class Interest Distributable Amount for the Class D Notes for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Class D Interest Carryover Shortfall as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date.

Aggregate Class N Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the Note Class Interest Distributable Amount for the Class N Notes for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Class N Interest Carryover Shortfall as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date.

Aggregate Note Principal Amount: With respect to the close of a Distribution Date, the sum of the aggregate outstanding principal amount for all Classes of Notes.

Aggregate Noteholders’ Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the Aggregate Class A Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date, (ii) the Aggregate Class B Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date, (iii) the Aggregate Class C Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date, (iv) the Aggregate Class D Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date and (v) the Aggregate Class N Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date.

Aggregate Noteholders’ Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the Noteholders’ Regular Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Aggregate Noteholders’ Priority Principal Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date.

 

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Aggregate Noteholders’ Priority Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, the sum of (i) the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount, (ii) the Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount, (iii) the Third Priority Principal Distributable Amount and (iv) the Fourth Priority Principal Distributable Amount, each as of such Distribution Date.

Annual Percentage Rate or APR: With respect to a Receivable, the rate per annum of finance charges stated in such Receivable as the “annual percentage rate” (within the meaning of the Federal Truth-in-Lending Act).

Applicable Law: For any Person, all existing and future applicable laws, rules, regulations (including proposed, temporary and final income tax regulations), statutes, treaties, codes, ordinances, permits, certificates, orders and licenses of and interpretations by any Governmental Authority (including usury laws, the Federal Truth-in-Lending Act, Regulation Z and Regulation B of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Securities Act and the Exchange Act), and applicable judgments, decrees, injunctions, writs, orders or line action of any court, arbitrator or other administrative, judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal or agency of competent jurisdiction.

Appointment Effective Date: Has the meaning specified in Section 2(a) of the Backup Servicing Agreement.

Arbitration: A binding arbitration proceeding with AAA conducted pursuant to the rules set forth in the AAA Rules.

Asset Representations Review: A review by the Asset Representations Reviewer as specified in the Asset Representations Review Agreement of all Delinquent Receivables that have been Delinquent Receivables for more than 60 days as of the last day of the preceding Collection Period to determine whether such Delinquent Receivables satisfy the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement, each as of the Closing Date or such other date as specified in Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Asset Representations Review Agreement: The Asset Representations Review Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Administrator and the Asset Representations Reviewer.

Asset Representations Review Notice: The notice from the Indenture Trustee to the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Issuing Entity, the Administrator and the Servicer pursuant to Section 12.2(d) of the Indenture notifying the Asset Representations Reviewer that the Noteholders have requested an Assets Representations Review.

Asset Representations Reviewer: Clayton Fixed Income Services LLC, as Asset Representations Reviewer, and its successors (including any successor Asset Representations Reviewer named under the Asset Representations Review Agreement).

Assumption Date: Has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(b) of the Servicing Agreement.

Authentication Order: As specified in Section 2.2(d) of the Indenture.

 

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Authoritative Copy: With respect to any Electronic Contract, a copy of such Contract that is unique, identifiable and, except as otherwise provided in Section 9-105 of the UCC, unalterable, and is marked “original” or has no watermark or other marking that would indicate that it is a “copy” or “duplicate” or not an original or not an “authoritative” copy.

Authorized Officer: Any officer, including any president, vice president, assistant vice president, treasurer, assistant treasurer, secretary, assistant secretary or corporate trust officer or any other officer performing functions similar to those performed by such officers.

Available Funds: With respect to any Distribution Date, an amount equal to (a) the Collections for the related Collection Period and all proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Grantor Trust Collateral relating to the exercise by the Servicer (or its designee) of its clean-up call redemption option pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement but excluding (i) any proceeds received from the sale of a Charged-Off Receivable to a Charged-Off Receivable Purchaser while the Grantor Trust has repurchase obligations to such Charged-Off Receivable Purchaser with respect to such Charged-Off Receivable, (ii) Supplemental Servicing Fees and (iii) Investment Earnings on any concentration account, the Collection Account, the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account, minus (b) Servicer Liquidation Reimbursements for that Distribution Date and the related Collection Period.

Backup Servicer: Vervent Inc., or its successor and assigns under the Backup Servicing Agreement.

Backup Servicing Agreement: That certain Backup Servicing Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Backup Servicer, the Servicer, the Grantor Trust and the Issuing Entity.

Backup Servicing Fee: The fee payable by the Issuing Entity to the Backup Servicer as described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Bankruptcy Code: The United States Bankruptcy Code (Title 11 of the United States Code).

Bankruptcy Event: With respect to any Person, (i) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the premises in respect of such Person in an involuntary case under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of such Person, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of such Person’s affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days or (ii) the commencement by such Person of a voluntary case under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by such Person to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the consent by such Person to the appointment or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of such Person, or the making by such Person of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure by such Person generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of action by such Person in furtherance of any of the foregoing.

 

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Benefit Plan Investor: Any of (i) an “employee benefit plan” as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA that is subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (ii) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Code, or (iii) any entity or account whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of investment by an employee benefit plan or plan in such entity or account.

Bid Percentage: 40% for Charged-Off Receivables for which the related Obligor is subject to a bankruptcy proceeding and for which the underlying vehicle has not yet been repossessed, sold, or declared a total loss; 1% for Charged-Off Receivables for which the underlying vehicle has been repossessed, sold and for which Liquidation Proceeds have been received; 80% for all other Charged-Off Receivables.

Book-Entry Certificates: A beneficial interest in the Certificates, ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 3.2 of the Trust Agreement.

Book-Entry Notes: A beneficial interest in the Notes, ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 2.10 of the Indenture.

Business Day: Any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or any other day on which banking institutions are not required or authorized to be closed in Wilmington, Delaware, New York, New York, Minneapolis, Minnesota, the State of Arizona or the State in which the executive offices of the Servicer is located.

Carvana Group Notes: The Notes held by the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor.

Carvana Headquarters: 1930 W. Rio Salado Parkway Tempe, AZ 85281.

Certificate: The Certificates executed by the Issuing Entity and authenticated by the Owner Trustee in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A to the Trust Agreement.

Certificate Depository: The depository from time to time selected by the Administrator on behalf of the Issuing Entity in whose name the Book-Entry Certificates are registered while Book-Entry Certificates are outstanding. Unless otherwise directed by the Administrator, the first Certificate Depository upon the issuance of Book-Entry Certificates shall be Cede & Co., the nominee of the initial Clearing Agency.

Certificate Depository Agreement: The letter, dated as of the Closing Date, by the Issuing Entity to The Depository Trust Company, as the initial Clearing Agency relating to the Book-Entry Certificates, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.

Certificate Distribution Account: The account, if applicable, designated as such, established and maintained pursuant to Section 5.1(a) of the Trust Agreement.

Certificate of Title: With respect to a Financed Vehicle, (i) the original certificate of title relating thereto, or copies of correspondence to the applicable Registrar of Titles, and all enclosures thereto, for issuance of the original certificate of title or (ii) if the applicable Registrar of Titles issues a letter or other form of evidence of lien in lieu of a certificate of title (including electronic titling), either notification of an electronic recordation, by either a Title Intermediary or the applicable Registrar of Titles, or the original lien entry letter or form or copies of correspondence to such applicable Registrar of Titles, and all enclosures thereto, for issuance of the original lien entry letter or form, which, in either case, shall name the related Obligor as the owner of such Financed Vehicle and the Servicer (or any subservicer, identified in writing to the Collateral Custodian by the Servicer), GFC Lending LLC, DT Credit Company LLC or Administrator as secured party.

 

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Certificate of Trust: The certificate of trust of the Issuing Entity filed for the Issuing Entity pursuant to Section 3810(a) of the Statutory Trust Act.

Certificate Owner: The owner of an interest in a Certificate.

Certificate Private Placement Memorandum: The Certificate Confidential Private Placement Memorandum of the Issuing Entity, dated as of May 19, 2022.

Certificate Register: The register of Certificates specified in Section 3.4 of the Trust Agreement.

Certificate Registrar: The registrar at any time of the Certificate Register, appointed pursuant to Section 3.4(a) of the Trust Agreement.

Certificateholders: Any Holder of a Certificate.

Charged-Off Receivable: A Receivable which has been charged off by the Servicer at the earlier of (a) the date notice of intent to sell a repossessed vehicle expires or (b) the end of the calendar month in which more than 10% of a Scheduled Payment is 120 days or more past due from the scheduled due date for such payment.

Charged-Off Receivable Purchaser: A purchaser of a Charged-Off Receivable as contemplated by Section 2.3 of the Servicing Agreement.

Charged-Off Receivable Schedule: The schedule describing the Charged-Off Receivables being sold to a Third-Party Purchaser, including the computer disk or tape describing such Charged-Off Receivables for collections and due diligence purposes which shall include all relevant information on the Charged-Off Receivables and the related Obligors.

Class: A class of Notes, which may be the Class A-1 Notes, the Class A-2 Notes, the Class A-3 Notes, the Class A-4 Notes, the Class B Notes, the Class C Notes, the Class D Notes, the Class N Notes or the Class XS Notes.

Class A Interest Carryover Shortfall: With respect to any Distribution Date, as of the close of business on such Distribution Date, the excess of (i) the Aggregate Class A Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date over (ii) the amount that was actually deposited in the Note Distribution Account on such Distribution Date in respect of interest for the Class A Notes pursuant to Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture (or paid to the Class A Notes in respect of interest on such Distribution Date pursuant to Section 2.7(e) of the Indenture).

Class A Notes: Collectively, the Class A-1 Notes, the Class A-2 Notes, the Class A-3 Notes and the Class A-4 Notes.

Class A-1 Notes: The Class A-1 Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

 

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Class A-2 Notes: The Class A-2 Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class A-3 Notes: The Class A-3 Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class A-4 Notes: The Class A-4 Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class B Interest Carryover Shortfall: With respect to any Distribution Date, as of the close of business on such Distribution Date, the excess of (i) the Aggregate Class B Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date over (ii) the amount that was actually deposited in the Note Distribution Account on such Distribution Date in respect of interest for the Class B Notes pursuant to Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture (or paid to the Class B Notes in respect of interest on such Distribution Date pursuant to Section 2.7(e) of the Indenture).

Class B Notes: The Class B Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class C Interest Carryover Shortfall: With respect to any Distribution Date, as of the close of business on such Distribution Date, the excess of (i) the Aggregate Class C Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date over (ii) the amount that was actually deposited in the Note Distribution Account on such Distribution Date in respect of interest for the Class C Notes pursuant to Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture (or paid to the Class C Notes in respect of interest on such Distribution Date pursuant to Section 2.7(e) of the Indenture).

Class C Notes: The Class C Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class D Interest Carryover Shortfall: With respect to any Distribution Date, as of the close of business on such Distribution Date, the excess of (i) the Aggregate Class D Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date over (ii) the amount that was actually deposited in the Note Distribution Account on such Distribution Date in respect of interest for the Class D Notes pursuant to Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture (or paid to the Class D Notes in respect of interest on such Distribution Date pursuant to Section 2.7(e) of the Indenture).

Class D Notes: The Class D Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class N Note Interest Carryover Shortfall: With respect to any Distribution Date, as of the close of business on such Distribution Date, the excess of (i) the Aggregate Class N Interest Distributable Amount for such Distribution Date over (ii) the amount that was actually deposited in the Note Distribution Account on such Distribution Date in respect of interest for the Class N Notes pursuant to Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture (or paid to the Class N Notes in respect of interest on such Distribution Date pursuant to Section 2.7(e) of the Indenture).

Class N Note Principal Amount: The amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

 

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Class N Notes: The Class N Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum: The Confidential Offering Memorandum of the Issuing Entity with respect to the Class N Notes, dated as of May 19, 2022.

Class N Reserve Account: The account designated as such, established and maintained pursuant to Section 8.2(a) of the Indenture.

Class N Reserve Account Draw Amount: (A) on any distribution date prior to the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class N Notes, the amount, if any, by which the amount due pursuant to Section 2.7(b)(xiv) for such Distribution Date exceeds the Available Funds for such Distribution Date; (B) on the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class N Notes, the difference between Available Funds remaining after payment of clauses (i) through (xvi) of Section 2.7(b) and the outstanding principal amount of the Class N Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. If no Class N Notes are Outstanding, any amounts on deposit in the Class N Reserve Account shall be released to the Depositor pursuant Section 8.4(c) of the Indenture.

Class N Reserve Account Initial Deposit: An amount equal to at least the amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class N Reserve Account Required Amount: The amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Class XS Notes: The Class XS Notes issued pursuant to the Indenture and described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Clearing Agency: An organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act. The initial Clearing Agency shall be The Depository Trust Company.

Clearing Agency Participant: A securities broker, dealer, bank, trust company, clearing corporation or other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Clearing Agency effects book entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Clearing Agency.

Closing Date: May 25, 2022.

Code: The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.

Collateral: The Issuing Entity Collateral and the Grantor Trust Collateral.

Collateral Custodian: Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as Collateral Custodian, or another collateral custodian named from time to time in the Collateral Custodian Agreement.

Collateral Custodian Agreement: The Collateral Custodian Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Collateral Custodian, the Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee and the Administrator.

 

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Collection Account: The account designated as such, established and maintained pursuant to Section 8.2(a) of the Indenture.

Collection Period: With respect to a Distribution Date, the calendar month preceding the month in which such Distribution Date occurs; provided, however, that with respect to the first Distribution Date, the Collection Period will be the period from and including the Cutoff Date to the end of the calendar month preceding such Distribution Date.

Collections: All cash collections and other cash proceeds of the Receivables and Collateral, including all payments of principal, Interest Collections, Supplemental Servicing Fees, Liquidation Proceeds, any amounts received in connection with any repurchase of any Receivable by the Seller under the Receivables Purchase Agreement, the Depositor under the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Issuing Entity under the Receivables Contribution Agreement and any amounts received from the Servicer in connection with any indemnification payments under Section 3.3(a) of the Servicing Agreement for breaches of certain covenants and any funds received by the Issuing Entity, the Depositor or the Servicer from the Receivables and Collateral received during any Collection Period.

Commission: The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

Contract: Any fully-executed retail installment sale contract, direct purchase money loan or conditional sale contract for a Financed Vehicle under which an extension of credit is made in the ordinary course of business of the Sponsor and which is secured by the related Financed Vehicle.

Contractual Obligation: With respect to any Person, any provision of any securities issued by such Person or any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust or material contract, undertaking, agreement, instrument or other document to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound or is subject.

Controlling Class: (a) So long as the Class A Notes are outstanding, the Class A Notes (voting together as a single Class), (b) if the Class A Notes are no longer outstanding but the Class B Notes are outstanding, the Class B Notes, (c) if the Class A Notes and the Class B Notes are no longer outstanding but the Class C Notes are outstanding, the Class C Notes and (d) if the Class A Notes, the Class B Notes and the Class C Notes are no longer outstanding but the Class D Notes are outstanding, the Class D Notes. Only after all of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes) are no longer outstanding will the Certificates have any of the rights that the controlling class has. The Class XS Notes and the Class N Notes will never be the Controlling Class.

Corporate Trust Office: With respect to (i) the Indenture Trustee and the Collateral Custodian, the principal office of such entity at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the Closing Date is located at 600 S. 4th Street, MAC N9300-070, Minneapolis, MN 55415, Attention: Corporate Trust Services – Asset-Backed Administration; and (ii) with respect to the Owner Trustee, the principal office of the Owner Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the Closing Date is located at 301 Bellevue Parkway, 3rd Floor, Wilmington, DE 19809, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration or at such other address as the Indenture Trustee, Collateral Custodian or Owner Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Certificateholders and the Depositor or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Indenture Trustee, Collateral Custodian or Owner Trustee (the address of which the successor will notify the Noteholders, the Certificateholders and the Depositor).

 

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Credit Policy: The credit underwriting policy of the Sponsor, as amended, modified, restated, replaced or otherwise supplemented from time to time.

Customary Servicing Practices: Means the customary servicing practices of the Servicer with respect to all comparable motor vehicle receivables that the Servicer services for itself or others, as such practices may be changed from time to time.

Cutoff Date: May 8, 2022.

Deal Score: A proprietary scoring model of the Seller for internal and external reporting and portfolio monitoring purposes that produces scores that range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating lower expected risk of negative loan performance.

Debt: The obligations, expressed in terms of Unpaid Charge-Off Balances as identified in the Charged-Off Receivable Schedule. Nothing in this definition shall be deemed to imply that such debts are not legally enforceable as a result of the expiration of applicable statute of limitations or other enforcement or collection restrictions affecting creditors’ rights generally.

Default: Any occurrence that is, or with notice or the lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default.

Definitive Certificates: The Certificates issued in the form of definitive certificates pursuant to Section 3.2(a) or Section 3.12 of the Trust Agreement.

Definitive Notes: The Notes issued in the form of definitive notes pursuant to Section 2.12 of the Indenture.

Delinquency Percentage: For each Distribution Date and the related Collection Period, the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of (i) the aggregate Principal Balance of all Delinquent Receivables held by the Issuing Entity that are more than 60 consecutive days delinquent to (ii) the aggregate Principal Balance of the Receivables, in each case, as of the last day of the related Collection Period.

Delinquency Trigger: As described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Delinquent Receivable: A Receivable with respect to which payment in excess of 10% of a Scheduled Payment has not been received by the payment due date as of the end of the monthly period.

Deliver: (x) With respect to a document in a Receivable File other than an Electronic Contract or an electronic Certificate of Title, to deliver physical possession of such Tangible Contract or other document via reputable overnight delivery service, (y) with respect to an Electronic Contract, to direct the transfer such Electronic Contract to the Vault Partition and (z) with respect to electronic Certificates of Title, to cause the applicable Title Intermediary to provide the Collateral Custodian with full electronic access to view such electronic Certificates of Title on the records of the Title Intermediary. The terms “Delivery” and “Delivered” shall have corollary meanings.

 

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Depositor: Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and its successors and assigns.

Depository Account: Those “depository” accounts initially established and maintained by the Servicer or an Affiliate thereof pursuant to Section 3.1 of the Servicing Agreement and the Master Agency Agreement, or any successor accounts in the name of and maintained by the Servicer, its Affiliate or any Successor Servicer.

Depository Account Bank: The national banking association or other depository institution at which a Depository Account is maintained.

Designated Account Property: The Designated Accounts, all cash, investments, Financial Assets, securities and investment property held from time to time in any Designated Account (whether in the form of deposit accounts, Physical Property, book-entry securities, Uncertificated Securities or otherwise), including the Reserve Account Initial Deposit and the Class N Reserve Account Initial Deposit, and all proceeds of the foregoing but excluding all Investment Earnings thereon.

Designated Accounts: The Collection Account, the Note Distribution Account, the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account, collectively.

Determination Date: The second Business Day prior to any Distribution Date.

Distribution Date: As described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Document Receipt: The Document Receipt substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B to the Collateral Custodian Agreement executed by the Collateral Custodian and delivered to the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee and the Servicer.

Electronic Contract: A Contract that constitutes “electronic chattel paper” under and as defined in Section 9-102(a)(31) of the UCC.

Electronic Means: The following communications methods: e-mail, facsimile transmission, secure electronic transmission containing applicable authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys issued by the Owner Trustee or Grantor Trust Trustee, or another method or system specified by the Owner Trustee or Grantor Trust Trustee as available for use in connection with its services in the Trust Agreement or Grantor Trust Agreement.

Eligible Deposit Account: Either (a) a segregated account with an Eligible Institution or (b) a segregated trust account with a depository institution organized under the laws of the United States of America or any one of the states thereof or the District of Columbia (or any domestic branch of a foreign bank), acting as trustee for funds deposited in such account, so long as the long-term unsecured debt of such depository institution shall have a credit rating of BBB or better from S&P or such equivalent rating by each Rating Agency which signifies investment grade.

 

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Eligible Institution: Either (i) the corporate trust department of the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Owner Trustee, as applicable, or (ii) a depository institution organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State (or any domestic branch of a foreign bank), (A) which has either (1) a long-term unsecured debt rating of AA or better by S&P, or such other rating that is acceptable to each Rating Agency or (2) a short-term unsecured debt rating or certificate of deposit rating of A-1+ by S&P, or such other rating that is acceptable to each Rating Agency and (B) whose deposits are insured by the FDIC.

Eligible Investments: Book-entry securities, negotiable instruments or securities represented by instruments in bearer or registered form which evidence:

 

  (i)

direct obligations of, and obligations fully guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by, the United States of America;

 

  (ii)

demand deposits, time deposits or certificates of deposit of any depository institution or trust company; provided, however, that at the time of the investment or contractual commitment to invest therein, the commercial paper or other short-term unsecured debt obligations (other than such obligations the rating of which is based on the credit of a Person other than such depository institution or trust company; provided that such Person has a credit rating from each of the Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category for short-term unsecured debt obligations or certificates of deposit granted thereby) thereof shall have a credit rating from each of the Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category for short-term unsecured debt obligations or certificates of deposit granted thereby;

 

  (iii)

commercial paper having, at the time of the investment or contractual commitment to invest therein, a rating from each of the Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category for short-term unsecured debt obligations or certificates of deposit granted thereby;

 

  (iv)

investments in money market funds having a rating from each of the applicable Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category or money market or common trust funds having a rating from each of the applicable Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category for short-term unsecured debt obligations or certificates of deposit granted thereby (including funds for which the Indenture Trustee or the Owner Trustee or any of their respective affiliates is investment manager or advisor, so long as such fund shall have such rating);

 

  (v)

bankers’ acceptances issued by any depository institution or trust company referred to in clause (ii) above;

 

  (vi)

repurchase obligations with respect to any security that is a direct obligation of, or fully guaranteed by, the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof the obligations of which are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America, in either case entered into with (A) a depository institution or trust company (acting as principal) described in clause (ii) or (B) a depository institution or trust company (x) the deposits of which are insured by FDIC or (y)

 

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  the counterparty for which has a rating from each of the Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category for short-term unsecured debt obligations, the collateral for which is held by a custodial bank for the benefit of the Trust or the Indenture Trustee, is marked to market daily and is maintained in an amount that exceeds the amount of such repurchase obligation, and which is required to be liquidated immediately upon the amount of such collateral being less than the amount of such repurchase obligation (unless the counterparty immediately satisfies the repurchase obligation upon being notified of such shortfall); and

 

  (vii)

commercial paper master notes having, at the time of the investment or contractual commitment to invest therein, a rating from each of the Rating Agencies in the highest investment grade category for short-term unsecured debt obligations;

in each case, maturing or if such Eligible Investment does not mature, being liquidated not later than the Business Day immediately preceding the next Distribution Date. If KBRA is rating the Notes but has failed to provide a rating for a specified investment, then an equivalent required deposit rating may be obtained from another nationally recognized rating agency. Any such Eligible Investments may be purchased by or through the Indenture Trustee or its Affiliates.

Entitlement Holder: Has the meaning given such term in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the New York UCC.

ERISA: The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

E-Vault Access Agreement: The agreement between Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and the E-Vault Provider governing the access of the Collateral Custodian to the E-Vault System and the maintenance of the Vault Partition, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.

E-Vault Provider: eOriginal, Inc.

E-Vault System: The “eOriginal, Inc. Authoritative Copy System” maintained by the E-Vault Provider.

Event of Default: An event described in Section 5.1 of the Indenture.

Excess Servicing Strip Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, an amount equal to the Servicing Strip Amount less the Servicing Fee.

Exchange Act: The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Exported: With respect to a Contract, shall mean the Collateral Custodian has decommissioned the related electronic chattel paper and the Authoritative Copy of such Contract is printed out pursuant to a “Paper Out” within the meaning specified in the System Description. “Export” and “Exporting” shall have corollary meanings.

FATCA: Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code (or any amended or successor version thereof) and any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof.

 

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FATCA Withholding Tax: Any withholding or deduction pursuant to an agreement described in Section 1471(b) of the Code or otherwise imposed pursuant to FATCA.

FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any successor agency.

Final Scheduled Distribution Date: With respect to a Class of Notes, the Distribution Date in the month and year set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A. The Class XS Notes do not have a Final Scheduled Distribution Date.

Financed Vehicle: With respect to a Receivable, any used automobile, light-duty truck, minivan or sport utility vehicle, together with all accessions thereto, securing the related Obligor’s indebtedness thereunder.

Financial Asset: Has the meaning given such term in Article 8 of the New York UCC. As used herein, the Financial Asset “related to” a Security Entitlement is the Financial Asset in which the Entitlement Holder holding such Security Entitlement has the rights and property interest specified in Article 8 of the New York UCC.

Financial Parties: The Noteholders and the Certificateholders.

Financial Printer: Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc., or any successor financial printer retained on behalf of the Issuing Entity by the Administrator in its sole discretion.

First Priority Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Class A Notes as of, for the first Distribution Date, the Closing Date, and for subsequent Distribution Dates, the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect to any principal payments made on the Class A Notes on such preceding Distribution Date) over (ii) the Pool Balance as of the close of business on the last day of the related Collection Period; provided, however, that the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount for each Distribution Date on and after the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for any Class of Class A Notes shall equal the greater of (i) the amount otherwise calculated pursuant to this definition and (ii) the outstanding principal amount of the Class A Notes of such Class as of the day preceding such Distribution Date.

First Step Receivables Assignment: As defined in Section 2.1 of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

First Step Transferred Property: As defined in Section 2.1 of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Form 10-D Disclosure Item: With respect to any Person, (a) any legal Proceedings pending against such Person or of which any property of such Person is then subject, or (b) any Proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities against such Person or of which any property of such Person would be subject, in each case that would be material to the Noteholders.

Formation Documents: (i) With respect to the Issuing Entity, the Certificate of Trust and the Trust Agreement, (ii) with respect to the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Certificate of Trust and the Grantor Trust Agreement, and (iii) with respect to the Depositor, the certificate of formation of the Depositor filed in Delaware, dated as of January 4, 2019 and the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of the Depositor, dated as of March 27, 2019, made by the Sponsor, as member.

 

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Forward Commitment Transfer: Any agreement creating a commitment by the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity to sell Charged-Off Receivables from time to time in the future to a Third-Party Purchaser.

Fourth Priority Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, an amount, not less than zero, equal to the difference between (i) the excess, if any, of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Class A Notes, the Class B Notes, the Class C Notes and the Class D Notes as of, for the first Distribution Date, the Closing Date, and for subsequent Distribution Dates, the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect to any principal payments made on the Notes on such preceding Distribution Date) over (b) the Pool Balance as of the close of business on the last day of the related Collection Period, and (ii) the sum of (a) the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date, (b) the Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date, and (c) the Third Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date; provided, however, that the Fourth Priority Principal Distributable Amount for each Distribution Date on and after the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class D Notes shall equal the greater of (i) the amount otherwise calculated pursuant to this definition and (ii) the outstanding principal amount of the Class D Notes as of the day preceding such Distribution Date.

Governmental Authority: With respect to any Person, any nation or government, any State or other political subdivision thereof, any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of or pertaining to government and any court or arbitrator having jurisdiction over such Person.

Grant: To mortgage, pledge, bargain, sell, warrant, alienate, remise, release, convey, assign, transfer, create and grant a lien upon and a security interest in and right of set-off against, deposit, set over and confirm pursuant to the Indenture. A Grant of the Collateral or of any other agreement or instrument shall include all rights, powers and options (but none of the obligations) of the Granting party thereunder, including the immediate and continuing right to claim, collect, receive and give receipt for principal and interest payments in respect of the Collateral and all other moneys payable thereunder, to give and receive notices and other communications, to make waivers or other agreements, to exercise all rights and options, to bring Proceedings in the name of the Granting party or otherwise and generally to do and receive anything that the Granting party is or may be entitled to do or receive thereunder or with respect thereto. Other forms of the verb “to Grant” shall have correlative meanings.

Grantor Trust: Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, a statutory trust formed under the laws of the State of Delaware.

Grantor Trust Agreement: The Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust Trustee.

 

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Grantor Trust Certificate: The Grantor Trust Certificate executed by the Grantor Trust and authenticated by the Grantor Trust Trustee in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A to the Grantor Trust Agreement and evidencing a 100% undivided beneficial interest in the Grantor Trust.

Grantor Trust Certificate of Trust: The certificate of trust of the Grantor Trust filed for the Grantor Trust pursuant to Section 3810(a) of the Statutory Trust Act.

Grantor Trust Certificate Register: The register of Grantor Trust Certificates specified in Section 3.4(a) of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar: The registrar at any time of the Grantor Trust Certificate Register, appointed pursuant to Section 3.4(a) of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

Grantor Trust Certificateholder: The Holder of a Grantor Trust Certificate.

Grantor Trust Collateral: As defined in the Granting Clause of the Indenture.

Grantor Trust Paying Agent: With respect to the Grantor Trust Agreement, any paying agent or co-paying agent appointed pursuant to Section 3.9 of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

Grantor Trust Trustee: BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, acting not in its individual capacity, but solely as trustee for the Grantor Trust.

Holder: The Person in whose name a Note or Certificate is registered on the Note Register or the Certificate Register, as applicable.

Indemnified Receivable: A Receivable for which the Servicer is obligated to indemnify for an Actual Loss Amount pursuant to Section 2.6 of the Servicing Agreement.

Indemnified Receivable Amount: With respect to any Receivable that has become an Indemnified Receivable, the Principal Balance and accrued interest as of the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the Collection Period during which such Receivable first became an Indemnified Receivable.

Indenture: The Indenture, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee.

Indenture Trustee: Computershare Trust Company, National Association, not in its individual capacity but solely as trustee under the Indenture, or any successor trustee under the Indenture.

Independent: When used with respect to any specified Person, that the Person (i) is in fact independent of the Issuing Entity, any other obligor upon the Notes, the Depositor and any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons, (ii) does not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial interest in the Issuing Entity, any such other obligor, the Depositor or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons and (iii) is not connected with the Issuing Entity, any such other obligor, the Depositor or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, director or person performing similar functions but may provide services to the Issuing Entity, the Depositor or any Affiliate.

 

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Independent Accountant: PricewaterhouseCoopers LLC, or any successor independent accountant appointed by the Administrator in its sole discretion under the Administration Agreement.

Independent Certificate: A certificate or opinion to be delivered to the Indenture Trustee under the circumstances described in, and otherwise complying with, the applicable requirements of Section 11.1 of the Indenture, made by an Independent appraiser or other expert appointed by an Issuing Entity Order and approved by the Indenture Trustee in the exercise of reasonable care, and stating that the signer has read the definition of “Independent” in the Indenture and that the signer is Independent within the meaning thereof.

Indirect Participant: A securities broker, dealer, bank, trust company or other Person that clears through or maintains a custodial relationship with a Clearing Agency Participant, either directly or indirectly.

Initial Pool Balance: As set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Initial Servicer: Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC.

Insurance Policy: With respect to any Receivable, (i) an insurance policy covering physical damage to or loss of the related Financed Vehicle or (ii) any lender’s single interest, credit life, disability, hospitalization and similar insurance policies with respect to the related Obligor.

Insurance Proceeds: Any amounts payable or any payments made under any Insurance Policy.

Interest Collections: All amounts received in respect of any interest, or other similar charges on a Receivable (excluding late fees, extension fees, insufficient funds fees and other administrative fees and expenses), from or on behalf of Obligors that are to be deposited into the Collection Account.

Interest Rate: With respect to each Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes), the per annum rate set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A. The Class XS Notes do not have an Interest Rate.

Investment Earnings: Investment earnings on funds deposited in the Designated Accounts, net of losses and investment expenses. The Servicer is entitled to receive all Investment Earnings on the funds in its concentration accounts prior to remittance of the Collections to the Collection Account. The Depositor is entitled to receive all Investment Earnings on the funds in the Collection Account, the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account.

Investment Fund: First, Goldman Sachs Financial Square Government Fund for so long as Goldman Sachs Financial Square Government Fund is an Eligible Investment. If Goldman Sachs Financial Square Government Fund ceases to be an Eligible Investment, the funds deposited in each of the Designated Accounts shall second be held in Allspring Government Money Market Fund for so long as Allspring Government Money Market Fund is an Eligible Investment. If Allspring Government Money Market Fund ceases to be an Eligible Investment, the funds deposited in each of the Designated Accounts shall third be held in Allspring Treasury Plus Money Market Fund for so long as Allspring Treasury Plus Money Market Fund is an Eligible Investment. If Allspring Treasury Plus Money Market Fund ceases to be an Eligible Investment, the funds deposited in each of the Designated Accounts shall be invested at the written direction

 

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of the Administrator in a money market mutual fund that is an Eligible Investment and has a principal investment strategy and an investment objective that are each substantially identical to Goldman Sachs Financial Square Government Fund. The Administrator shall deliver written instructions to the Indenture Trustee with respect to any change to be made in connection with the Investment Funds in which the funds are to be invested.

Issuing Entity: Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust created by the Certificate of Trust and described in the Trust Agreement.

Issuing Entity Collateral: As defined in the Granting Clause of the Indenture.

Issuing Entity Order: A written order signed in the name of the Issuing Entity by any one of its Authorized Officers and delivered to the Indenture Trustee.

Issuing Entity Request: A written request signed in the name of the Issuing Entity by any one of its Authorized Officers and delivered to the Indenture Trustee.

KBRA: Kroll Bond Rating Agency, LLC, or any successor to the business thereof.

Lien: Any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, adverse claim, security interest or encumbrance of any kind other than tax liens, mechanics’ liens and any liens that attach by operation of law.

Liquidation Expenses: For any Charged-Off Receivable and the related Financed Vehicle, the reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (exclusive of overhead) incurred by the Servicer with respect to the collection, repossession, enforcement, disposition and liquidation of a Receivable.

Liquidation Proceeds: For any Collection Period and any Charged-Off Receivable, the amount (which shall not be less than zero) received by the Servicer and deposited into the Collection Account after a Receivable becomes a Charged-Off Receivable, in connection with the attempted realization of the full amounts due or to become due under such Receivable, whether from the sale or other disposition of the related Financed Vehicle, the proceeds of repossession or any collection effort, the proceeds of recourse or similar payments payable under the related Receivable, receipt of Insurance Proceeds or otherwise, net of Liquidation Expenses and any amounts required by law to be remitted to the related Obligor.

Majority Certificateholders: Certificateholders holding in the aggregate more than 50% of the Voting Interests.

Master Agency Agreement: The Amended and Restated Master Depository Accounts and Post Office Boxes and Agency Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2005, among Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, Bridgecrest Acceptance Corporation, DriveTime Car Sales, Inc., The Royal Bank of Scotland (successor-in-interest to Greenwich Capital Financial Products, Inc.), Computershare Trust Company, National Association (as successor in interest to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association), Wilmington Trust Company, in its capacity of owner trustee of certain “Current Trusts” identified therein, and such other persons or entities that became a party to the Agreement pursuant to the terms thereof pursuant to any applicable acknowledgment and agreement, as amended by that Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Master Depository Accounts and Post Office Boxes and Agency Agreement dated as of March 14, 2018 and as further amended, restated, modified or supplemented from time to time.

 

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Material Adverse Effect: With respect to any Person and to any event or circumstance, a material adverse effect on (i) the business, financial condition, operations or properties of such Person, (ii) the validity or enforceability against such Person of any Transaction Document, (iii) the ability of such Person to perform its obligations under any Transaction Document to which it is a party or (iv) the rights and remedies, taken as a whole, of the Indenture Trustee under any Transaction Document.

Mediation: A non-binding mediation or arbitration proceeding with AAA conducted pursuant to the rules set forth in the AAA Rules.

New York UCC: The UCC in effect on the Closing Date in the State of New York and as may be amended from time to time.

Note Class Interest Distributable Amount: With respect to any Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) and any Distribution Date, the product of (i) the outstanding principal amount of such Class of Notes as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date (or, in the case of the first Distribution Date, the outstanding principal balance of such Class of Notes on the Closing Date) and (ii) (a) in the case of the Notes, other than the Class A-1 Notes, one-twelfth of the Interest Rate for such Class (or, in the case of the first Distribution Date, as set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A) and (b) in the case of the Class A-1 Notes, the product of the Interest Rate for such Class of Notes for such Distribution Date and a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days elapsed from and including the prior Distribution Date (or, in the case of the first Distribution Date, from and including the Closing Date), to but excluding that Distribution Date and the denominator of which is 360.

Note Depository: The depository from time to time selected by the Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Issuing Entity in whose name the Notes are registered prior to the issue of Definitive Notes. The first Note Depository shall be Cede & Co., the nominee of the initial Clearing Agency.

Note Depository Agreement: The letter, dated as of the Closing Date, by the Issuing Entity to The Depository Trust Company, as the initial Clearing Agency relating to the Notes.

Note Distribution Account: The account designated as such, established and maintained pursuant to Section 8.2(a) of the Indenture.

Note Owner: With respect to a Book-Entry Note, the Person who is the beneficial owner of such Book-Entry Note, as reflected on the books of the Clearing Agency, or on the books of a Person maintaining an account with such Clearing Agency (directly as a Clearing Agency Participant or as an Indirect Participant, in each case in accordance with the rules of such Clearing Agency).

Note Register: With respect to any Class of Notes, the register of such Notes specified in Section 2.4 of the Indenture.

Note Registrar: The registrar at any time of the Note Register, appointed pursuant to Section 2.4 of the Indenture.

 

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Noteholder FATCA Information: With respect to any Noteholder or Note Owner, information sufficient to eliminate the imposition of, or determine the amount of, U.S. withholding tax under FATCA.

Noteholder Tax Identification Information: With respect to any Noteholder or Note Owner, properly completed and signed tax certifications (generally, in the case of U.S. Federal Income Tax, IRS Form W-9 (or applicable successor form) in the case of a person that is a “United States Person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code or the appropriate IRS Form W-8 (or applicable successor form) in the case of a person that is not a “United States Person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code).

Noteholders: Holders of record of the Notes pursuant to the Indenture and, with respect to any Class of Notes, holders of record of such Class of Notes pursuant to the Indenture.

Noteholders’ Regular Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to the Notes (other than the Class N Notes), for any Distribution Date, the lesser of:

(A) the Aggregate Note Principal Amount (other than the Class N Notes) as of the close of the immediately preceding Distribution Date reduced by the Aggregate Noteholders’ Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date; and

(B) the remainder, if any, of:

(1) the excess of the (x) sum of the Aggregate Note Principal Amount (other than the Class N Notes) as of the day preceding such Distribution Date and the Overcollateralization Target Amount for such Distribution Date over (y) the Pool Balance as of the close of business on the last day of the related Collection Period minus

(2) the Aggregate Noteholders’ Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date.

Notes: The Class A-1 Notes, the Class A-2 Notes, the Class A-3 Notes, the Class A-4 Notes, the Class B Notes, the Class C Notes, the Class D Notes, the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes.

Obligor: Each Person obligated to make payments on or pursuant to a Contract, including any guarantor thereof.

Officer’s Certificate: With respect to any Person, a certificate signed by any officer of such Person.

Opinion of Counsel: With respect to any Person, a written opinion of counsel, who may, except as otherwise expressly provided, be an employee of the Depositor, the Administrator or the Servicer, and who is reasonably acceptable to the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Rating Agencies, as applicable.

Optional Purchase Balance: The product of (i) the Initial Pool Balance as of the Cutoff Date; and (ii) 2%.

 

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Optional Purchase Date: The date on which the Servicer exercises its optional purchase right pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement.

Outstanding: With respect to the Notes, as of the date of determination, all Notes theretofore authenticated and delivered under the Indenture except:

(i) Notes theretofore cancelled by the Indenture Trustee or delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation;

(ii) Notes or portions thereof the payment for which money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the Holders of such Notes; provided, however, that if such Notes are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to the Indenture or provision for such notice must have been made in a manner satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, has been made; and

(iii) Notes in exchange for or in lieu of other Notes which have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the Indenture unless proof satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee is presented that any such Notes are held by a bona fide purchaser;

provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Outstanding Amount of the Notes or of the Controlling Class have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or under any Transaction Document, Notes both legally and beneficially owned by the Issuing Entity, any other obligor upon the Notes, any Certificateholder or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Indenture Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Notes that the Indenture Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Notes so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Indenture Trustee the pledgor’s right so to act with respect to such Notes and that the pledgee is not the Issuing Entity, any other obligor upon the Notes, the Depositor or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons.

Outstanding Amount: The aggregate principal amount of all Notes, or a Class of Notes, as applicable, Outstanding at the date of determination.

Overcollateralization Target Amount: As of any Distribution Date, an amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Owner of Record: The meaning set forth in the System Description.

Owner Trust Estate: All right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity in and to any and all assets, including the property and rights assigned to the Issuing Entity pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Owner Trustee: BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, acting not in its individual capacity, but solely as trustee for the Issuing Entity.

 

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Party: With respect to each Transaction Document, each Person that is a party to such Transaction Document, and its permitted successors and assigns.

Paying Agent: With respect to the Indenture, the Indenture Trustee or any other Person that meets the eligibility standards for the Indenture Trustee specified in Section 6.11 of the Indenture and is authorized by the Issuing Entity to make the payments to and distributions from the Collection Account, the Reserve Account, the Class N Reserve Account and the Note Distribution Account, including payment of principal of or interest on the Notes on behalf of the Issuing Entity. With respect to the Trust Agreement, any paying agent or co-paying agent appointed pursuant to Section 3.9 of the Trust Agreement that is authorized by the Owner Trustee to make distributions from the Certificate Distribution Account on behalf of the Issuing Entity. The initial Paying Agent under the Trust Agreement shall be Computershare Trust Company, National Association.

Percentage Interest: With respect to a Certificate, the individual percentage interest of such Certificate, which shall be specified on the face thereof and which shall represent the percentage of certain distributions of the Issuing Entity beneficially owned by such Certificateholder. The sum of the Percentage Interests for all of the Certificates shall be 100%.

Permitted Liens: Any of (a) Liens created pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, (b) with respect to each Designated Account, a Lien in favor of the Indenture Trustee, as applicable, (c) tax liens, mechanics’ liens and other Liens that arise by operation of law, in each case on any of the Financed Vehicles and arising solely as a result of an action or omission of the related Obligor or (d) the Lien noted on the Certificate of Title related to a Financed Vehicle in favor of the Servicer, a Subservicer, GFC Lending LLC, DT Credit Company LLC or Administrator.

Permitted Modification: Has the meaning specified in Section 2.2 of the Servicing Agreement.

Person: Any legal person, including individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated association, sole proprietorship, joint venture, government (or any agency or political subdivision thereof) or other entity.

Physical Property: (i) Bankers’ acceptances, commercial paper, negotiable certificates of deposit and other obligations that constitute “instruments” within the meaning of Section 9-102(a)(47) of the New York UCC and are susceptible of physical delivery and (ii) Security Certificates.

Pool Balance: As of the last day of any Collection Period, the sum of the Principal Balances of the Receivables as of such last day; provided, however, that if the Receivables are purchased in connection with a clean-up call option or are sold or otherwise liquidated by the Indenture Trustee following an Event of Default pursuant to Section 5.4(a) of the Indenture, the Pool Balance shall be deemed to be zero as of the last day of the Collection Period during which such purchase, sale or other liquidation occurs.

Pool Factor: With respect to any Class of Notes and any Distribution Date (other than the Class XS Notes), an amount expressed to the second decimal place and computed by the Servicer which is equal to the Note Principal Amount for such Class as of the close of such Distribution Date divided by the initial Note Principal Amount for such Class.

 

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Post-Office Box: A box at a United States Post Office where a person or business can have mail delivered.

Predecessor Note: With respect to any particular Note, every previous Note evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Note; and, for the purpose of this definition, any Note authenticated and delivered under Section 2.5 of the Indenture in lieu of a mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Note.

Preliminary Prospectus: The Preliminary Prospectus of the Issuing Entity, dated as of May 12, 2022.

Principal Balance: With respect to any Receivable as of any date of determination, the outstanding principal balance of such Receivable as of such day; provided that as of the date on which a Receivable becomes a Charged-Off Receivable, the Principal Balance of such Receivable shall be zero.

Proceeding: Any suit in equity, action at law or other judicial or administrative proceeding.

Prospectus: The final Prospectus of the Issuing Entity, dated as of May 19, 2022.

protected purchaser: As defined in Section 8-303 of the applicable UCC, and provided that the requirements of Section 8-405 of the applicable UCC are met.

Purchase Amount: With respect to a Distribution Date and to (1) a Purchased Receivable (other than a Receivable purchased pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement, which shall be purchased at the price set forth in such section), purchased on or prior to last day of the related Collection Period a payment equal to the Principal Balance and accrued interest as of the last day of the related Collection Period and (2) an Indemnified Receivable, a payment equal to the Actual Loss Amount.

Purchase Price: With respect to a Charged-Off Receivable, the Unpaid Charge-Off Balance set forth in the related Charged-Off Receivable Schedule multiplied by the applicable Bid Percentage.

Purchased Receivable: A Receivable purchased or repurchased, as applicable, as of the close of business on the last day of a Collection Period by (a) the Seller pursuant to Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement, (b) the Servicer pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement,(c) the Depositor pursuant to Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement or the (d) the Issuing Entity pursuant to Section 3.2 of the Receivables Contribution Agreement.

Rating Agencies: As of any date, the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations requested by the Depositor to provide ratings on the Notes which are rating the Notes on such date.

Rating Agency Condition: With respect to any action, the condition that (a) each Rating Agency shall have been given at least ten (10) Business Days prior written notice of that action and (b) none of the Sponsor, the Depositor, the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee shall have received notice from any Rating Agency that such action shall result in a downgrade or withdrawal of the then current rating of the Notes. Each entity listed above shall inform the other entities listed above of whether or not it has received notice from the Rating Agencies prior to the taking of the actions at issue.

 

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Receivable: A Contract that is included in any Schedule of Receivables and all rights to receive all payments of all amounts due and payable thereunder (excluding amounts comprising Supplemental Servicing Fees) and performance of all other obligations by the Obligor thereunder; provided that once the Indenture Trustee has released its security interest in a Receivable and the related Contract in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, such Receivable shall no longer be a Receivable hereunder.

Receivable File: With respect to each Receivable and the related Contract, the original Contract and the Certificate of Title or evidence that such Certificate of Title has been applied for. For the avoidance of doubt, an Authoritative Copy of an electronic document shall constitute an original.

Receivables Contribution Agreement: The Receivables Contribution Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust.

Receivables Purchase Agreement: The Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between the Sponsor and the Depositor.

Receivables Purchase Price: With respect to the Receivables transferred on the Closing Date, the amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Receivables Transfer Agreement: The Receivables Transfer Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between the Depositor and the Issuing Entity.

Record Date: (i) With respect to the Notes and with respect to any Distribution Date, the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding such Distribution Date, or if Definitive Notes are issued for any Class of Notes, with respect to such Class of Notes the last day of the preceding Collection Period and (ii) with respect to the Book-Entry Certificates and with respect to any Distribution Date, the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding such Distribution Date, or if Definitive Certificates are issued, the last day of the preceding Collection Period.

Redemption Date: As defined in Section 10.1 of the Indenture.

Redemption Price: With respect to the Class A-1 Notes, the Class A-2 Notes, the Class A-3 Notes, the Class A-4 Notes, the Class B Notes, the Class C Notes, the Class D Notes and the Class N Notes, the unpaid principal amount of such Class A-1 Notes, Class A-2 Notes, Class A-3 Notes, the Class A-4 Notes, Class B Notes, Class C Notes, Class D Notes or Class N Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon. With respect to the Class XS Notes, any Excess Servicing Strip Amount due and payable as of such date.

Registrar of Titles: With respect to any State, the governmental agency or body responsible for the registration of, and the issuance of certificates of title relating to, motor vehicles and liens thereon.

 

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Regulation AB: Subpart 229.1100 – Asset Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§229.1100-229.1125, as such may be amended from time to time and subject to such clarification and interpretation as have been provided by the Commission in the adopting releases (Asset-Backed Securities, Securities Act Release No. 33-8518. 70 Fed. Reg. 1,506, 1,531 (January 7, 2005) and Asset-Backed Securities Disclosure and Registration, Securities Act Release No. 33-9638, 79 Fed. Reg. 57, 184 (September 24, 2014)) or by the staff of the Commission, or as may be provided by the Commission or its staff from time to time.

Regulation RR: Regulation RR, 17 C.F.R. §246.1, et seq.

Repurchase Event: As defined in Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Repurchase Request: A request to repurchase a Receivable pursuant to Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Requesting Party: The party that provided the Repurchase Request pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Required Deposit Rating: A rating on short-term unsecured debt obligations of A-2 by S&P or K1+ by KBRA, or such equivalent rating by each applicable Rating Agency, unless otherwise agreed to by S&P and each other applicable Rating Agency. Any requirement that short-term unsecured debt obligations have the “Required Deposit Rating” shall mean that such short-term unsecured debt obligations have the foregoing required ratings from each of such applicable rating agencies.

Required Payment Amount: The sum of items (i) through (xiii) set forth in Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture.

Requisite Noteholders: Holders of Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class.

Reserve Account: The account designated as such, established and maintained pursuant to Section 8.2(a) of the Indenture.

Reserve Account Amount: For any Distribution Date, the amount on deposit in and available for withdrawal from the Reserve Account on such Distribution Date (after giving effect to all deposits to and withdrawals from the Reserve Account on the preceding Distribution Date, or, in the case of the initial Distribution Date, the Closing Date), excluding all interest and other income (net of losses and investment expenses) earned on such amount during the preceding Collection Period.

Reserve Account Draw Amount: For any Distribution Date, prior to the acceleration of the Notes due to an Event of Default, the lesser of (A) the amount, if any, by which the Required Payment Amount for such Distribution Date exceeds the Available Funds for such Distribution Date and (B) the Reserve Account Amount for such Distribution Date (before giving effect to any deposits to or withdrawals from the Reserve Account on such Distribution Date). For any Distribution Date immediately after the acceleration of the Notes due to an Event of Default, the Reserve Account Amount for such Distribution Date (before giving effect to any withdrawals from the Reserve Account on such Distribution Date).

 

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Reserve Account Initial Deposit: An amount equal to at least the amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Reserve Account Property: (i) The Reserve Account and all proceeds thereof (other than the Investment Earnings thereon) including all cash, investments, investment property and other amounts held from time to time in the Reserve Account (whether in the form of deposit accounts, Physical Property, book-entry securities, Uncertificated Securities, Financial Assets or otherwise) and (ii) the Reserve Account Initial Deposit and all proceeds thereof (other than the Investment Earnings thereon).

Responsible Officer: With respect to the (a) Indenture Trustee or Collateral Custodian, any officer within the corporate trust office of the Indenture Trustee or Collateral Custodian, as applicable, with direct responsibility for the administration of the Transaction Documents, and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject, (b) Servicer, the President, any Vice President, Assistant Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary or any other officer or assistant officer of such Person, in each case customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and (c) Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee, any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee with direct responsibility for the administration of the Trust Agreement or the Grantor Trust Agreement, as applicable, and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

Retained Certificates: The Certificates initially retained by a Person who holds 80% or more of the Certificates or a Person treated as the same Person as such Person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Retained Notes: The Notes initially retained by a Certificateholder who beneficially owns 80% or more of the Certificates or a Person treated as the same Person as such Certificateholder (if any) for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Review Receivable: Has the meaning designated in Section 1.02 of the Asset Representations Review Agreement.

S&P: means S&P Global Ratings, or any successor to the business thereof.

Schedule of Receivables: The schedule of Receivables attached to each receivables assignment.

Scheduled Payment: For any Collection Period for any Receivable, each regularly scheduled payment required to be made by the related Obligor in accordance with the terms of the related Contract.

 

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Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, an amount, not less than zero, equal to the difference between (i) the excess, if any, of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Class A Notes and the Class B Notes as of, for the first Distribution Date, the Closing Date, and for subsequent Distribution Dates, the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect to any principal payments made on the Class A Notes and the Class B Notes on such preceding Distribution Date) over (b) the Pool Balance as of the close of business on the last day of the related Collection Period, and (ii) the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date; provided, however, that the Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount for each Distribution Date on and after the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class B Notes shall equal the greater of (i) the amount otherwise calculated pursuant to this definition and (ii) the outstanding principal amount of the Class B Notes as of the day preceding such Distribution Date.

Second Step Receivables Assignment: As defined in Section 2.1 of the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Second Step Transferred Property: As defined in Section 2.1(a) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Secured Obligations: Obligations of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust under the Transaction Documents.

Secured Parties: Each Noteholder.

Securities: The Notes and the Certificates.

Securities Act: The Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Security Certificate: Has the meaning given such term in Section 8-102(a)(16) of the New York UCC.

Security Entitlement: Has the meaning given such term in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the New York UCC.

Securityholder: A Holder of a Note or a Certificate.

Seller: Carvana, LLC, in its capacity as Seller under the Receivables Purchase Agreement, and any successor or assignee thereof under the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Servicer: Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, in its capacity as servicer pursuant to the Servicing Agreement, or any Successor Servicer.

Servicer File: A complete and legible copy (but not the original) of each of the following documents (but only to the extent applicable to such Receivable and held in tangible paper or electronic form by the Servicer):

 

  1)

all instruments modifying the terms and conditions of the Receivable or the related Contract;

 

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  2)

the related Contract, the related security agreement and any amendments thereto; provided, however, that the Servicer shall deliver any original amendments to such Contract to the Collateral Custodian immediately following execution thereof;

 

  3)

the Certificate of Title with a lien notation or an application therefor (to the extent applicable State law permits or requires the Servicer to hold the Certificate of Title);

 

  4)

the Obligor’s retail purchase agreement and an indication of down payment, if applicable;

 

  5)

any ancillary product contract associated with the Financed Vehicle, but only to the extent that the purchase price of such contract (or any portion thereof) comprises a portion of the amount financed under the related Contract; and

 

  6)

such other documents as the Servicer may reasonably determine in order to accomplish its duties under the Servicing Agreement.

Servicer Termination Event: Any one or more of the following that shall have occurred and be continuing:

 

  (i)

any failure by the Servicer to deposit in the Collection Account any payment required to be so delivered by the Servicer under the terms of the Servicing Agreement, which failure continues unremedied for five (5) Business Days after discovery thereof by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer or receipt by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer of written notice thereof from the Indenture Trustee or the Requisite Noteholders (or, if no Notes are Outstanding, from the Majority Certificateholders);

 

  (ii)

any failure by the Servicer to duly observe or perform in any material respect any other of its covenants or agreements in the Servicing Agreement, which failure materially and adversely affects the rights of the Issuing Entity, the Noteholders or the Certificateholders, and which continues unremedied for 60 consecutive days after discovery thereof by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer or receipt by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer of written notice thereof from the Indenture Trustee or the Requisite Noteholders (or, if no Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, from the Majority Certificateholders);

 

  (iii)

any representation or warranty made by the Servicer in the Servicing Agreement or any other Transaction Document will prove to have been incorrect or false in any respect when made, which breach materially and adversely affects the rights of the Issuing Entity, the Noteholders or the Certificateholders, and such breach continues unremedied for 60 consecutive days after discovery thereof by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer or receipt by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer of written notice thereof from the Indenture Trustee or the Requisite Noteholders (or, if no Notes are Outstanding, from the Majority Certificateholders); and

 

  (iv)

the Servicer suffers a Bankruptcy Event;

 

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provided, that (A) any delay or failure of performance referred to in clause (i) above shall have been caused by force majeure or other similar occurrence, the 5 Business Day grace period referred to in such clause (i) shall be extended for an additional 10 calendar days and (B) if any delay or failure of performance referred to in clauses (ii) or (iii) above shall have been caused by force majeure or other similar occurrence, the 60 day grace period referred to in such clause shall be extended for an additional 30 calendar days. The existence or occurrence of any “material instance of noncompliance” (within the meaning of Item 1122 of Regulation AB) shall not create any presumption that any event in clauses (i) or (ii) above has occurred.

Servicer’s Certificate: A certificate completed and executed by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer, substantially in the form of Exhibit A to the Servicing Agreement.

Servicing Agreement: The Servicing Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Backup Servicer, the Indenture Trustee and the Servicer.

Servicing Fee: For any Distribution Date, an amount as described in Section 2.7 of the Servicing Agreement.

Servicing Fee Rate: The per annum rate as defined in Section 1.1 of the Servicing Agreement.

Servicing Rate: The rate as defined in Section 1.1 of the Servicing Agreement.

Servicing Strip Amount: For any Distribution Date, an amount as described in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Simple Interest Method: The method of allocating a fixed level payment on a Simple Interest Receivable to principal and interest, pursuant to which the portion of such payment that is allocated to interest is equal to the product of the fixed rate of interest multiplied by the unpaid Principal Balance applicable to such Receivable multiplied by the period of time elapsed (expressed as a fraction of a calendar year) since the preceding payment of interest was made.

Simple Interest Receivable: Any Receivable under which the portion of each monthly payment allocable to earned interest and the portion allocable to the Principal Balance is determined in accordance with the Simple Interest Method. For purposes hereof, all payments with respect to a Simple Interest Receivable shall be allocated to principal and interest in accordance with the Simple Interest Method.

Specified Reserve Account Balance: For any Distribution Date, the amount set forth in Part IV to this Appendix A.

Sponsor: Carvana, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, and its successor and assigns.

State: Any state of the United States of America or the District of Columbia.

Statutory Trust Act: Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code, 12 Del. Code § 3801 et seq., as the same may be amended from time to time.

 

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Subservicer: A subservicer appointed by the Servicer as contemplated by the Servicing Agreement for the servicing and administration of the Receivables.

Successor Servicer: Any Person appointed (and who accepts such appointment) to succeed the Servicer in the performance of the duties and obligations of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement.

Successor Servicing Fee Rate (Backup Servicer): The per annum rate as defined in Section 1.1 of the Servicing Agreement.

Supplemental Servicing Fees: With respect to a Distribution Date, all late fees, insufficient funds fees and other administrative fees and expenses or similar charges allowed by Applicable Law with respect to Receivables, collected (from whatever source) on the Receivables.

System Description: As defined in Section 1.1 of the Collateral Custodian Agreement.

Tangible Contract: A Contract that constitutes “tangible chattel paper” under and as defined in Section 9-102(a)(79) of the UCC.

Temporary Notes: The Notes specified in Section 2.3 of the Indenture.

Third Party Bill Payment Service: Any provider of payment or processing services or other platform that the Servicer uses in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices (including electronic and web-based payment processing systems and services) to facilitate payments by Obligors.

Third Priority Principal Distributable Amount: With respect to any Distribution Date, an amount, not less than zero, equal to the difference between (i) the excess, if any, of (a) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the Class A Notes, the Class B Notes and the Class C Notes as of, for the first Distribution Date, the Closing Date, and for subsequent Distribution Dates, the preceding Distribution Date (after giving effect to any principal payments made on the Class A Notes, the Class B Notes and the Class C Notes on such preceding Distribution Date) over (b) the Pool Balance as of the close of business on the last day of the related Collection Period, and (ii) the sum of (a) the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date and (b) the Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount, if any, with respect to such Distribution Date; provided, however, that the Third Priority Principal Distributable Amount for each Distribution Date on and after the Final Scheduled Distribution Date for the Class C Notes shall equal the greater of (i) the amount otherwise calculated pursuant to this definition and (ii) the outstanding principal amount of the Class C Notes as of the day preceding such Distribution Date.

Third-Party Purchaser: Any Person who is not the Servicer, the Sponsor or the Depositor, an Affiliate of the Servicer, the Sponsor or the Depositor or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, agents or representatives.

Third Step Receivables Assignment: As defined in Section 2.1(b) of the Receivables Contribution Agreement.

 

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Third Step Transferred Property: As defined in Section 2.1(a) of the Receivables Contribution Agreement.

Title Intermediary: Dealertrack, its affiliate VINTek or another title administration service provider approved in writing by the Issuing Entity or the Administrator.

Title Lien Nominee: Carvana, LLC, GFC Lending LLC or DT Credit Company LLC (or any other name provided by the Sponsor).

Transaction Documents: The Receivables Purchase Agreement, the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Receivables Contribution Agreement, the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Grantor Trust Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Backup Servicing Agreement, the Collateral Custodian Agreement, the Asset Representations Review Agreement and any other document, certificate, opinion, agreement or writing the execution of which is necessary or incidental to carrying out the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the other foregoing documents.

Treasury Regulations: The regulations, including proposed or temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code. References herein to specific provisions of proposed or temporary regulations shall include analogous provisions of final Treasury Regulations or other successor Treasury Regulations.

Trust Agreement: The Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, between the Depositor and the Owner Trustee and acknowledged by the Certificate Registrar and the Paying Agent.

Trust Indenture Act or TIA: The Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force as of the Closing Date, unless otherwise specifically provided.

UCC: The Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the relevant jurisdiction from time to time.

Unaffiliated Certificateholder: Any Certificateholder other than the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor.

Unaffiliated Grantor Trust Certificateholder: Any Grantor Trust Certificateholder other than the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor.

Uncertificated Security: Has the meaning given to such term in Section 8-102(a)(18) of the New York UCC.

Undertaking Letter: The letter is substantially the form set forth in Exhibit B of the Trust Agreement.

Unenforceable Receivable: A Debt that is or may be legally unenforceable or uncollectible for any of the following reasons: (i) any Obligor has been released of liability for their respective Debt by a court of competent jurisdiction or by Servicer (including the filing of a Form 1099-C); (ii) any Obligor has been discharged in bankruptcy without any reaffirmation of the Debt by the Obligor; (iii) any Obligor is deceased; (iv) any Obligor has filed for protection under the United States

 

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Bankruptcy Code; (v) the Debt was created by an act of fraud, forgery or identity theft; (vi) the Receivable is the subject of, or an Obligor has filed, a pending lawsuit or other judicial, quasi-judicial or administrative proceeding regarding the Receivable; (vii) an unresolved written dispute relating to the validity or enforceability of an Receivable that was received by Servicer; (viii) the Receivable has been fully satisfied by means of a settlement or compromise arrangement between Obligor and Servicer or its agent; or (ix) the Receivable is a duplicate record of another Receivable sold in a Forward Commitment Transfer.

Unpaid Charge-Off Balance: As to any Charged-Off Receivable, at the time of the transfer to a Third-Party Purchaser, the Principal Balance of such Receivable (without giving effect to the proviso in the definition of “Principal Balance”) plus any accrued and unpaid interest, fees or other costs and charges incurred by or assessed to the Obligor.

Unrelated Amounts: (a) Amounts deposited by the Servicer into the Collection Account but later determined by the Servicer to be mistaken or returned deposits or postings, (b) amounts deposited by the Servicer into the Collection Account as Collections but which were later determined by the Servicer to not constitute Collections with respect to the Receivables and (c) amounts received by the Servicer with respect to a Receivable that the Servicer is prohibited from depositing into the Collection Account or otherwise remitting to the Issuing Entity by law or court order, the direction of a regulatory authority or regulatory guidance.

Vault Partition: The segregated vault partition of the E-Vault System established in the name of the Grantor Trust.

Verified Note Owner: A Note Owner that has provided the Indenture Trustee, as applicable, with each of (i) a written certification that it is a beneficial owner of a specified Outstanding Amount of the Notes and (ii) a trade confirmation, an account statement, a letter from a broker or dealer or other similar document showing that such Note Owner is a beneficial owner of such Outstanding Amount of the Notes.

Voting Interests: The voting interests in the Certificates, the aggregate strength of which shall be based on the percentage interests in the Issuing Entity represented thereby.

 

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PART II-RULES OF CONSTRUCTION

(a) Accounting Terms. As used in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents, accounting terms which are not defined, and accounting terms partly defined, herein or therein shall have the respective meanings given to them under generally accepted accounting principles. To the extent that the definitions of accounting terms in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents are inconsistent with the meanings of such terms under generally accepted accounting principles, the definitions contained in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents will control.

(b) “Hereof,” etc. The words “hereof,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Appendix or any Transaction Document will refer to this Appendix or such Transaction Document as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Appendix or such Transaction Document; and Section, Schedule and Exhibit references contained in this Appendix or any Transaction Document are references to Sections, Schedules and Exhibits in or to this Appendix or such Transaction Document unless otherwise specified. The word “or” is not exclusive.

(c) Reference to Distribution Dates. With respect to any Distribution Date, the “related Collection Period,” and the “related Record Date,” will mean the Collection Period and Record Date, respectively, immediately preceding such Distribution Date, and the relationships among Collection Periods and Record Dates will be correlative to the foregoing relationships.

(d) Number and Gender. Each defined term used in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents has a comparable meaning when used in its plural or singular form. Each gender-specific term used in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents has a comparable meaning whether used in a masculine, feminine or gender-neutral form.

(e) Including. Whenever the term “including” (whether or not that term is followed by the phrase “but not limited to” or “without limitation” or words of similar effect) is used in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents in connection with a listing of items within a particular classification, that listing will be interpreted to be illustrative only and will not be interpreted as a limitation on, or exclusive listing of, the items within that classification.

(f) Reference to a Class of Notes. Unless otherwise specified, references to a Class of Notes includes all the tranches included in such Class of Notes.

(g) Notices to Rating Agencies. If Carvana is no longer the Administrator, any successor Administrator shall provide any required Rating Agency notices to the Depositor, who shall promptly provide such notice to the Rating Agencies.

(h) Amendments. Any agreement or instrument defined or referred to in the Transaction Documents or in any instrument or certificate delivered in connection herewith shall mean such agreement or instrument as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented and includes references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein.

 

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(i) Controlling Class. After all Classes of Notes (other than the Class N Notes and the Class XS Notes) are no longer Outstanding, any references to the Controlling Class of Notes shall instead refer to the Majority Certificateholders.

(j) Days. When providing the number of days as used in this Appendix or the Transaction Documents, days shall mean consecutive or calendar days unless specified as Business Days.

(k) Class XS Notes. Any references with respect to principal or interest payments shall not apply to the Class XS Notes.

 

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PART III-NOTICES AND PROCEDURES

All requests, demands, directions, consents, waivers, notices, authorizations and communications provided or permitted under any Transaction Document to be made upon, given or furnished to or filed with the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Backup Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Collateral Custodian, the Asset Representation Reviewer, the Seller or the Sponsor shall be in writing, personally delivered, sent by facsimile or email, in each case with a copy to follow via first class mail or mailed by certified mail-return receipt requested, and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt:

(a) in the case of the Depositor, at the following address:

Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC

1930 W. Rio Salado Pkwy

Tempe, AZ 85281

Attention: ABS-Transactions

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

with a copy to:

Carvana, LLC

1930 W. Rio Salado Pkwy

Tempe, AZ 85281

Attention: ABS-Transactions

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

(b) in the case of the Seller, the Administrator or the Sponsor, at the following address:

Carvana, LLC

1930 W. Rio Salado Pkwy

Tempe, AZ 85281

Attention: ABS-Transactions

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

(c) in the case of the Issuing Entity or the Owner Trustee, to the Owner Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,

with a copy to:

 

Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2

c/o Carvana, LLC

1930 W. Rio Salado Pkwy

Tempe, AZ 85281

Attention: ABS-Transactions

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

 

36


(d) in the case of the Grantor Trust or the Grantor Trust Trustee, to the Grantor Trust Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office,

with a copy to:

Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2

c/o Carvana, LLC

1930 W. Rio Salado Pkwy

Tempe, AZ 85281

Attention: ABS-Transactions

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

(e) in the case of the Indenture Trustee, the Paying Agent, the Certificate Registrar and the Collateral Custodian, at the following address:

Computershare Trust Company, National Association

600 S 4th Street

MAC: N9300-070

Minneapolis, MN 55415

Attention: Corporate Trust Services — Asset-Backed Administration

Telephone: (612) 667-8058

With copies of notices and Delivery of Receivable Files to:

Computershare Trust Company, National Association

ABS Custody Vault

1055 10th Avenue SE

MAC N9401-011

Minneapolis, MN 55414

Attention: Corporate Trust Services — Asset-Backed Securities Vault

Telephone: (612) 667-8058

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

(f) in the case of the Servicer, at the following address:

Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC

7300 E Hampton Avenue

Mesa, AZ, 85209

Attention: Secretary

 

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

 

37


(g) in the case of the Asset Representations Reviewer, at the following address:

Clayton Fixed Income Services LLC

2638 South Falkenburg Road

Riverview, FL 33578

Attention: SVP

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

with a copy to:

Clayton Fixed Income Services LLC

720 S. Colorado Blvd., Suite 200

Glendale, CO 80246

Attention: Legal Department

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

(h) in the case of the Backup Servicer, at the following address:

Vervent Inc.

10182 Telesis Court, Suite 300

San Diego, CA 92121

Attention: General Counsel

Telephone: (858) 568-7684

Email: as set forth on the attached Schedule 1

The Issuing Entity shall promptly transmit any notice received by it from the Noteholders to the Indenture Trustee and the Indenture Trustee shall likewise promptly transmit any notice received by it from the Noteholders to the Issuing Entity.

Where any Transaction Document provides for notice to Noteholders or Certificateholders of any condition or event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if it is in writing and mailed, first-class, postage prepaid to each Noteholder or Certificateholder affected by such condition or event, at such Person’s address as it appears on the Note Register or Certificate Register, as applicable, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed in such Transaction Document for the giving of such notice. If notice to Noteholders or Certificateholders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice nor any defect in any notice so mailed to any particular Noteholders or Certificateholders shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Noteholders or Certificateholders, and any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall conclusively be presumed to have been duly given regardless of whether such notice is in fact actually received.

 

38


Schedule 1

 

(a)

in the case of the Depositor, at the following address: [email protected];

 

(b)

in the case of the Seller, the Administrator or the Sponsor, at the following address: [email protected];

 

(c)

in the case of the Issuing Entity or the Owner Trustee, to the Owner Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office with a copy to following address: [email protected];

 

(d)

in the case of the Grantor Trust or the Grantor Trust Trustee, to the Grantor Trust Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office with a copy to following address: [email protected];

 

(e)

in the case of the Collateral Custodian, at the following address: [email protected];

 

(f)

in the case of the Servicer, at the following address: [email protected];

 

(g)

in the case of the Asset Representations Reviewer, at the following address: [email protected]; and

 

(h)

in the case of the Backup Servicer, at the following address: [email protected].

 

39


PART IV -CERTAIN TERMS

Certain Terms of the Notes

 

    Class A-1
Notes
    Class A-2
Notes
    Class A-3
Notes
    Class A-4
Notes
    Class B
Notes
    Class C
Notes
    Class D
Notes
    Class N
Notes
    Class XS
Notes
 

Principal Amount(1)

  $ 82,000,000     $ 185,500,000     $ 185,500,000     $ 97,550,000     $ 18,450,000     $ 17,550,000     $ 18,450,000     $ 10,587,000       N/A (4) 

Interest Rate

    1.506%       3.33%       4.13%       4.68%       5.08%       5.44%       6.28%       4.37%       N/A  

Interest Accrual(2)

    Actual/360       30/360       30/360       30/360       30/360       30/360       30/360       30/360       N/A  

Payment Frequency(3)

    Monthly       Monthly       Monthly       Monthly       Monthly       Monthly       Monthly       Monthly       Monthly  

Final Scheduled Distribution Date

(Distribution Date In/On)

    June 2023       July 2025       April 2027      
February
2028
 
 
    April 2028       May 2028       May 2029       May 2029       N/A  

Minimum Denominations

(Integral Multiples)

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

1,000

1,000

 

  $

($

500,000

1,000

 

  $

($

37,000,000

1

 

 

(1)

The aggregate principal amount of all Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) outstanding at any time may not exceed $$615,587,000.

(2)

Interest shall be computed on the Notes (other than the Class A-1 Notes) on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months. In the case of the first Distribution Date for the Notes (other than the Class A-1 Notes), 15 divided by 360, which will be multiplied by the Interest Rate to determine interest for the first Distribution Date. Interest will accrue on the Class A-1 Notes on the basis of the actual days elapsed during the period for which interest is payable and a 360-day year.

(3)

The Issuing Entity will pay interest and principal on the Notes on the 10th day of each month, or, if such day is not a Business Day, the next Business Day (each, a “Distribution Date”), starting on June 10, 2022.

(4)

The Class XS Notes will have a notional balance equal to the Pool Balance as of the first day of the related Collection Period or, in the case of the initial Distribution Date, a notional balance equal to the Initial Pool Balance (in each case, rounded down to the nearest whole dollar).

Certain Fees

Backup Servicing Fee: The fee payable by the Issuing Entity to the Backup Servicer in the amount of $2,750 per month plus reasonable expenses as set forth in the Backup Servicing Agreement, or, in the case of the initial Distribution Date, in the amount of $2,108.33 plus reasonable expenses as set forth in the Backup Servicing Agreement.

Servicing Strip Amount: For any Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of (i) 1.00% of the Pool Balance as of the first day of the related Collection Period (or, in the case of the first Distribution Date, the Pool Balance as of the Cutoff Date) times (ii) a fraction equal to 1/12 (or, in the case of the first Distribution Date, 23/360).

Certain Other Terms

Class N Note Principal Amount: $10,587,000.

Class N Reserve Account Initial Deposit: $1,815,000.

Class N Reserve Account Required Amount: $1,815,000.

 

40


Delinquency Trigger: With respect to each Collection Period set forth below, a “Delinquency Trigger” shall occur in the event the Delinquency Percentage is greater than or equal to the Delinquency Trigger set forth below:

 

Collection Period

   Delinquency Trigger  

1 to 12

     2.00

13 to 24

     2.50

25 to 36

     3.50

37 to 48

     4.00

49 and After

     4.50

Initial Pool Balance: $605,000,000.09.

Overcollateralization Target Amount: As of any Distribution Date 1.35% of the Initial Pool Balance.

Receivables Purchase Price: $631,941,854.95.

Reserve Account Initial Deposit: $3,932,500.

Specified Reserve Account Balance: $3,932,500.

 

41

Exhibit 10.2

 

 

 

RECEIVABLES TRANSFER AGREEMENT

CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC,

as Depositor

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuing Entity

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

  

Section 1.1

  Definitions; Rules of Construction      1  

ARTICLE II CONVEYANCE OF RECEIVABLES

  

Section 2.1

  Conveyance of Receivables      2  

Section 2.2

  Intent of the Parties      3  

ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

  

Section 3.1

  Representations and Warranties of the Depositor      4  

Section 3.2

  Representations and Warranties of the Issuing Entity      10  

Section 3.3

  Covenants of the Depositor      12  

ARTICLE IV MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

  

Section 4.1

  Amendment      12  

Section 4.2

  Protection of Right, Title and Interest in and to Receivables      14  

Section 4.3

  Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Objection to Venue      14  

Section 4.4

  Waiver of Jury Trial      15  

Section 4.5

  Notices      15  

Section 4.6

  Severability of Provisions      15  

Section 4.7

  Closing; Assignment; Conveyance of Receivables and Second Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity      15  

Section 4.8

  No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies      16  

Section 4.9

  Counterparts      16  

Section 4.10

  Third-Party Beneficiaries      16  

Section 4.11

  Merger and Integration      16  

Section 4.12

  Headings      16  

Section 4.13

  Indemnification      16  

Section 4.14

  Survival      17  

Section 4.15

  No Petition Covenant      17  

Section 4.16

  Limitation on Liability      17  

 

-i-

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


RECEIVABLES TRANSFER AGREEMENT

This RECEIVABLES TRANSFER AGREEMENT (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), dated as of May 25, 2022 is by and between Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Depositor”), and Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”).

AGREEMENTS

WHEREAS, on the Closing Date, Carvana, LLC (the “Seller”) has sold automobile retail installment contracts and related rights to the Depositor;

WHEREAS, the Depositor is willing to sell such contracts and related rights to the Issuing Entity pursuant to this Agreement;

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity intends to contribute or otherwise transfer such contracts and related rights, or interests therein, to Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor Trust”), pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Receivables Contribution Agreement”), between the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, in exchange for the Grantor Trust Certificate;

WHEREAS, the Grantor Trust intends to pledge such contracts and related rights to Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”), and the Issuing Entity will issue notes backed by the Grantor Trust Certificate pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee; and

WHEREAS, Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company (the “Servicer”), is willing to service such contracts in accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Backup Servicer and the Servicer.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements and subject to the terms and conditions herein contained, each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

Section 1.1 Definitions; Rules of Construction. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Receivables Transfer Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

 

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


ARTICLE II

CONVEYANCE OF RECEIVABLES

Section 2.1 Conveyance of Receivables.

(a) On the Closing Date, the Depositor hereby agrees to sell, transfer, assign, set over and otherwise convey to the Issuing Entity and the Issuing Entity hereby agrees to purchase from the Depositor, without recourse, all right, title and interest of the Depositor in, to and under the following property, whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired (all of the property described in this Section 2.1(a) being collectively referred to herein as the “Second Step Transferred Property”):

(i) the Receivables and all instruments and all monies due or to become due or received by any Person in payment of any of the foregoing on or after the Cutoff Date;

(ii) the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables (including any such Financed Vehicles that have been repossessed), any document or writing evidencing any security interest in any such Financed Vehicle and each security interest in each Financed Vehicle;

(iii) the Receivable Files and the Servicer Files related to such Receivables;

(iv) all rights to payment under all Insurance Policies with respect to the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, including any monies collected from whatever source in connection with any default of an Obligor or with respect to any such Financed Vehicle and any proceeds from claims or refunds of premiums on any Insurance Policy;

(v) all guaranties, indemnities, warranties, insurance (and proceeds and premium refunds thereof) and other agreements or arrangements of whatever character from time to time supporting or securing payment of the Receivables, whether pursuant to the related Contracts or otherwise;

(vi) all rights to payment under all service contracts and other contracts and agreements associated with such Receivables;

(vii) all Liquidation Proceeds related to any such Receivable received on or after the Cutoff Date;

(viii) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all deposit accounts, monies, deposits, funds, accounts and instruments relating to the foregoing (excluding payments or recoveries in respect of the Receivables received prior to the Cutoff Date);

 

2

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(ix) the Receivables Purchase Agreement, including the right of the Depositor to cause the Seller to repurchase Receivables under certain circumstances;

(x) the proceeds of any and all of the foregoing; and

(xi) all present and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any of all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property; all accounts, general intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, money, investment property, deposit accounts, letters of credit, letter-of-credit rights, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations; and all other property which at any time constitutes all or part of or is included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing.

(b) In connection with the purchase and sale of the Second Step Transferred Property hereunder, the Depositor agrees, at its own expense, (i) to annotate and indicate on its books and records (including any computer files) that the Receivables were sold and transferred to the Issuing Entity pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) to deliver to the Issuing Entity (or its designee) all Collections on the Receivables, if any, received on or after the Cutoff Date, and (iii) to deliver to the Issuing Entity an assignment substantially in the form (or in such other form as shall be mutually acceptable to the Depositor and the Issuing Entity) attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Second Step Receivables Assignment”).

(c) In consideration of the sale of the Receivables from the Depositor to the Issuing Entity as provided herein, the Issuing Entity shall deliver to, or upon the order of, the Depositor the Notes and Certificates (the “Purchase Price”).

(d) The Issuing Entity hereby directs the Depositor to transfer all Electronic Contracts included in the Second Step Transferred Property directly to the Grantor Trust, as assignee under the Receivables Contribution Agreement of the Issuing Entity.

Section 2.2 Intent of the Parties.

It is the intention of the parties that each conveyance hereunder of the Receivables and the other Second Step Transferred Property from the Depositor to the Issuing Entity as provided in Section 2.1 be, and be construed as, an absolute sale, without recourse, of the Receivables and other Second Step Transferred Property by the Depositor to the Issuing Entity. Furthermore, no such conveyance is intended to be a pledge of the Second Step Transferred Property by the Depositor to the Issuing Entity to secure a debt or other obligation of the Issuing Entity. If, however, notwithstanding the intention of the parties, the conveyance provided for in Section 2.1 is determined, for any reason, not to be an absolute sale, then the parties intend that this Agreement shall be deemed to be a “security agreement” within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC and the Depositor hereby grants to the Issuing Entity a “security interest” within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC in all of the Depositor’s right, title and interest in and to the Second Step Transferred Property, now existing and hereafter created or acquired, to secure a loan in an amount equal to Purchase Price and each of the Depositor’s other payment obligations under this Agreement.

 

3

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

Section 3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Depositor.

(a) General Representations and Warranties. The Depositor makes the following representations and warranties to the Issuing Entity as of the date of this Agreement, which shall survive the delivery of the Second Step Transferred Property and on which representations and warranties the Issuing Entity shall rely in acquiring the Second Step Transferred Property.

(i) Organization and Good Standing. The Depositor has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a limited liability company, in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation, with all requisite limited liability company power and authority to own or lease its properties and conduct its business as such business is presently conducted, and the Depositor had at all relevant times, and now has the power, authority and legal right to acquire, own and sell the Receivables and other Second Step Transferred Property.

(ii) Due Qualification. The Depositor is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in all jurisdictions, in which the ownership or lease of its property or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications, licenses or approvals (including, as applicable, the origination, purchase, sale, pledge and servicing of the Receivables) except where the failure to so qualify or obtain such license or approval could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(iii) Power and Authority; Due Authorization. The Depositor (i) has the power and authority to (A) execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, (B) carry out the terms of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (C) sell the Second Step Transferred Property on the terms and conditions herein provided and (ii) has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the sale of the Second Step Transferred Property on the terms and conditions herein and therein provided.

(iv) Valid Sale, Binding Obligation. This Agreement, when duly executed and delivered by the Depositor, and the Second Step Receivables Assignment constitute a valid sale, transfer and assignment of the applicable Receivables and other Second Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity, enforceable against creditors of and purchasers from the Depositor; and this Agreement, when duly executed and delivered by the Depositor, and the Second Step Receivables Assignment constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Depositor enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

 

4

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(v) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which the Depositor is a party and the fulfillment of the terms hereof and thereof will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Depositor’s certificate of formation, limited liability company agreement or other constituent documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Depositor, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Depositor’s properties, other than Liens permitted or created pursuant to the Transaction Documents, or (iii) violate any Applicable Law; in each case, except where such failure to comply could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Depositor.

(vi) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Depositor, threatened against the Depositor, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which the Depositor is a party, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which the Depositor is a party or (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Depositor.

(vii) No Consents. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders, or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Depositor of this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Depositor is a party have been obtained.

(b) Representations and Warranties Regarding the Receivables. The Depositor makes the following representations and warranties to the Issuing Entity regarding each Receivable as of the Closing Date, which shall survive the sale, transfer and assignment of the Receivables and on which representations and warranties the Issuing Entity shall rely in acquiring the Receivables.

(i) Receivables. Pursuant to Section 2.1(a)(ix), the Depositor assigns to the Issuing Entity all of its right, title and interest in, to and under the Receivables Purchase Agreement. Such assigned right, title and interest includes the benefit of the representations and warranties of the Seller made to the Depositor pursuant to Section 3.1(b) and Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement. The Depositor hereby represents and warrants to the Issuing Entity that the Depositor has taken no action which would cause such representations and warranties of the Seller to be false in any material respect as of the Closing Date.

 

5

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(ii) Good Title.

(A) Immediately prior to the conveyance of each Receivable and the related Second Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity pursuant to this Agreement and the Second Step Receivables Assignment, the Depositor had good and marketable title thereto, free and clear of all Liens except for Permitted Liens. No effective financing statement or other instrument similar in effect covering any portion of the Second Step Transferred Property shall, on or after the Closing Date, be on file in any recording office except such as may be filed in favor of (i) the Issuing Entity in accordance with this Agreement, (ii) the Grantor Trust in connection with the Receivables Contribution Agreement or (iii) the Indenture Trustee in connection with the Indenture.

(B) Upon the conveyance of such Receivable and the other related Second Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity pursuant to this Agreement and the Second Step Receivables Assignment, the Issuing Entity will be the sole owner of, and have good, indefeasible and marketable title to such Receivable and other related Second Step Transferred Property, free and clear of any Lien (other than Liens created hereunder and Permitted Liens); and, to the extent the related Obligor has a contractual right to return the Financed Vehicle to the Seller for repurchase, the applicable repurchase period has expired. As of the Closing Date, each Receivable and the related Financed Vehicle is free and clear of any Lien of any Person (other than Liens created hereunder and Permitted Liens or those Liens that will be released simultaneously with the conveyance hereunder) and is in compliance with all Applicable Laws.

(iii) All Filings Made. With respect to the sale and assignment of the Second Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity, the Depositor has taken all steps reasonably necessary to ensure that such sale and assignment has been perfected under the relevant UCC. With respect to the Second Step Transferred Property, the Depositor has taken all steps necessary to ensure that all filings (including UCC filings) necessary in any jurisdiction to give the Indenture Trustee a first priority perfected security interest in the Second Step Transferred Property have been made.

(iv) Value Given. The Issuing Entity shall have given reasonably equivalent value to the Depositor in consideration for the transfer by the Depositor to the Issuing Entity of each of the Receivables and the related Second Step Transferred Property under this Agreement.

(c) Repurchase of Receivables.

(i) In the event of

(A) a breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement or Section 3.1(b) hereof with respect to any Receivables that materially and adversely affects the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, unless the breach by the Depositor shall have been cured within thirty (30) days following (i) discovery of the breach or receipt of notice of such breach by the Depositor from the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust (which notice shall provide sufficient detail so as to allow the Seller to reasonably investigate the alleged breach), or (ii) in the case of the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee, a Responsible Officer of such trustee has actual knowledge or receives written notice of a breach of such representation or warranty, then

 

6

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(B) the Depositor shall (1) repurchase from the Issuing Entity each Receivable related to such breach by remitting to the Collection Account an amount equal to the Purchase Amount of each such Receivable or (2) in the event of a breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) and Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement that results in a Repurchase Event, use reasonable efforts to enforce, at the direction of the Issuing Entity or any of it assigns, including the Indenture Trustee, the obligations of the Seller under Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement to repurchase each Receivable related to such breach by remitting to the Collection Account an amount equal to the Purchase Amount of each such Receivable. Any such breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) hereof shall be deemed not to materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, if such Repurchase Event does not affect the ability of the Issuing Entity (or its assignee) to receive and retain timely payment in full on such Receivable. The Depositor shall not interfere with or act to hinder the Issuing Entity’s or any assignee’s exercise of rights and remedies under this Section 3.1(c) or under Section 3.1(d) or Section 4.13 of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

(ii) It is understood and agreed that the obligation of the Depositor to repurchase any Receivable as to which a breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b), which materially and adversely affects the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, has occurred and is continuing, and the obligation of the Depositor to enforce the Seller’s obligation to repurchase such Receivables pursuant to the Receivables Purchase Agreement in connection with a breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement shall, if such obligations are fulfilled, constitute the sole and exclusive remedy (other than any indemnities available pursuant to Section 4.13 hereof or Section 4.13 of the Receivables Purchase Agreement) against the Depositor or the Seller for such breach available to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Financial Parties, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee.

(iii) Upon the receipt of the applicable Purchase Amount, the applicable Receivable and any and all related Second Step Transferred Property shall be automatically and immediately assigned and re-conveyed by the Issuing Entity (or its applicable assign, as the case may be) to the Depositor.

(d) Dispute Resolution.

(i) General. If any Requesting Party makes a Repurchase Request, provided that with respect to a Repurchase Request from a Noteholder or Note Owner, such Repurchase Request shall initially be provided to the Indenture Trustee and the Repurchase Request has not been fulfilled or otherwise resolved to the reasonable satisfaction of the Requesting Party within 180 days of the Depositor’s or Seller’s receipt thereof, the Requesting Party may refer the matter, in its discretion, to either mediation (including non-binding arbitration) or binding third-party arbitration. If a Requesting Party provides notice of a referral of a Repurchase Request to an ADR Proceeding, the Depositor shall have 30 days to respond to such notice and, if a party, shall submit to the ADR Proceeding requested. Each notice shall be

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


given in writing to the other parties and shall specifically identify the Receivable(s) to be repurchased and specify the representations and warranties allegedly breached. The notice shall also identify the alleged loss related to the Receivable(s) and the material adverse effect on the Requesting Party; provided, that general allegations relating to the Receivable(s) will not be a sufficient descriptions for purposes of such notice. Each ADR Proceeding shall take place in Phoenix, Arizona or such other location as agreed to by the parties.

(ii) Each ADR Proceeding, including the occurrence of such ADR Proceeding, the nature and amount of any relief sought or granted and the results of any discovery taken in such ADR Proceeding, shall be kept strictly confidential by each of the Depositor and the Requesting Party, except as necessary in connection with statements provided pursuant to Section 2.8 of the Servicing Agreement, in connection with a judicial challenge to or enforcement of an award, or as otherwise required by law.

(iii) Mediation. If the Requesting Party chooses to refer the Repurchase Request to Mediation, the following provisions shall apply:

(1) The Depositor and the Requesting Party shall agree on a neutral mediator within 15 days of the acknowledgement of the notice set forth in Section 3.1(d)(i); provided that the mediator shall satisfy each of the following conditions:

a. the mediator shall be selected from a list of neutral mediators maintained by AAA;

b. the mediator shall be an attorney admitted to practice law in the State of New York; and

c. the mediator shall be an attorney specializing in commercial litigation with at least 15 years of experience;

provided, however, that if the Depositor and the Requesting Party do not agree on a mediator, a mediator shall be selected by AAA in accordance with AAA Rules for appointment of a mediator.

(2) The Mediation shall commence no later than 15 Business Days following selection of a mediator, and shall conclude within 30 days of the start of Mediation.

(3) The Depositor and the Requesting Party shall mutually agree upon the allocation of the expenses incurred in connection with the Mediation; provided, however, that if the Depositor and the Requesting Party do not agree on the allocation of expenses, the expenses shall be determined in accordance with AAA Rules.

(4) If the Depositor and the Requesting Party fail to agree at the completion of the Mediation, the Requesting Party may submit the Repurchase Request to Arbitration in accordance with Section 3.1(d)(iv) or may seek adjudication of the Repurchase Request in court.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(iv) Arbitration. If the Requesting Party refers the Repurchase Request to Arbitration, the following provisions shall apply:

(1) The Depositor shall provide a notice of the commencement of such Arbitration and instructions for other Noteholders or Note Owners to participate in such Arbitration to the Servicer for inclusion in the statement to securityholders set forth in Section 2.8 of the Servicing Agreement.

(2) The Repurchase Request shall be referred to a panel of three arbitrators (the “Panel”) to be selected as follows:

a. the Requesting Party shall appoint one arbitrator to the panel within 5 Business Days of providing notice of its selection of Arbitration;

b. the Depositor shall appoint one arbitrator to the panel within 5 Business Days of the Requesting Party providing notice of its selection of Arbitration; and

c. the arbitrators selected pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) will select a third arbitrator within 5 Business Days of the appointment of the second arbitrator;

provided that each arbitrator shall satisfy each of the following conditions: (i) the arbitrator shall be selected from a list of neutral arbitrators maintained by the AAA, (ii) the arbitrator shall be an attorney admitted to practice law in the State of New York; and (iii) the arbitrator shall be an attorney specializing in commercial litigation with at least 15 years of experience.

(3) The following procedural time limits shall apply to the Arbitration:

a. the arbitrators shall have the ability to schedule, hear and determine any motions, including discovery motions, according to New York law, and shall do so at the motion of any party to the Arbitration;

b. discovery shall be completed within 30 days of appointment of the third arbitrator;

c. the evidentiary hearing on the merits shall commence no later than 60 days following the appointment of the third arbitrator, and shall proceed for no more than 10 consecutive Business Days with equal time allotted to each side for the presentation of direct evidence and cross examination; and

d. the Panel shall render its decision on the Repurchase Request within 90 days of the selection of the panel.

provided that in each case, the Panel may modify such time limits if, based on the facts and circumstances of the particular dispute, good cause exists, there is an unavoidable delay or with the consent of all of the parties.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(4) The following limitations on the Arbitration proceeding shall apply:

a. each party shall be limited to two witness depositions not to exceed five hours;

b. each party shall be limited to two interrogatories;

c. each party shall be limited to one document request; and

d. each party shall be limited to one request for admissions;

provided that in each case, the Panel may modify such discovery limitations if, based on the facts and circumstances of the particular dispute, good cause exists, there is an unavoidable delay or with the consent of all of the parties.

(5) Any briefs submitted in the Arbitration shall be no more than 10 pages each and shall be limited to (i) initial statements of the case, (ii) discovery motions and (iii) a pre-hearing brief.

(6) The Panel shall decide the Repurchase Request in accordance with this Agreement and the Receivables Purchase Agreement, including the provisions set forth in Section 4.3.

(7) The Panel shall not be permitted to award punitive or special damages.

(8) The Panel shall determine the allocation of the expenses of the Arbitration between the Depositor and the Requesting Party.

(9) Once the Panel makes a decision with respect to a Receivable, such decision shall be binding on the Interested Parties as to such Receivable, and such Receivable may not be subject to an additional ADR Proceeding or court adjudication.

(v) Additional Considerations. For the avoidance of doubt, the restrictions on any action of the Indenture Trustee due to the Indenture Trustee’s reliance on an Officer’s Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel or the failure of any Noteholder or Verified Note Owner to provide reasonable security pursuant to Sections 6.2(b) and 7.5 of the Indenture shall not apply to this Section 3.1(d). For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Section 3.1(d) shall be binding on the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee or require the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee to participate in the ADR Proceeding.

(e) Upon discovery by the Depositor or by the Issuing Entity of a breach of any of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(a) or Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(a), Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement (other than with respect to Receivables that have been repurchased in accordance with the terms of this Agreement), the party discovering such breach shall give prompt written notice to the other party.

Section 3.2 Representations and Warranties of the Issuing Entity.

(a) The Issuing Entity makes the following representations and warranties to the Depositor as of the date of this Agreement, and on which representations and warranties the Depositor shall rely in selling the Receivables.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(i) Organization and Good Standing. The Issuing Entity has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a statutory trust and in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation, with all requisite power and authority to own or lease its properties and to conduct its business as such business is presently conducted and to enter into and perform its obligations pursuant to this Agreement.

(ii) Power and Authority; Due Authorization. The Issuing Entity (i) has the power and authority to (A) execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (B) carry out the terms of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (ii) has duly authorized by all necessary action on its part the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

(iii) Binding Obligation. This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuing Entity enforceable against the Issuing Entity in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(iv) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the fulfillment of the terms hereof will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Issuing Entity’s Formation Documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Issuing Entity, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Issuing Entity’s properties, other than Liens permitted or created pursuant to the Transaction Documents, or (iii) violate any Applicable Law, in each case, except where such failure to comply could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Issuing Entity.

(v) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Issuing Entity, threatened against the Issuing Entity, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (iii) challenging the enforceability of a material portion of the Receivables or (iv) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Issuing Entity.

(vi) No Consents. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority (if any) required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Issuing Entity of this Agreement have been obtained.

(b) Upon discovery by the Depositor or by the Issuing Entity of a breach of any of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2(a), the party discovering such breach shall give prompt written notice to the other party.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


Section 3.3 Covenants of the Depositor. The Depositor hereby covenants as to the Receivables the Depositor has sold to the Issuing Entity hereby that:

(a) Delivery of Payments. The Depositor shall within two (2) Business Days after the Closing Date, transfer all Collections received by it on or after the Cutoff Date with respect to any Receivable or related Second Step Transferred Property to, or at the direction of, the Issuing Entity (or the Grantor Trust).

(b) Keeping of Records and Books of Account. The Depositor will maintain and implement administrative and operating procedures and keep and maintain all documents, books, records and other information, reasonably necessary or advisable for the collection of all Receivables and other Second Step Transferred Property.

(c) Security Interests. The Depositor will not sell, pledge, assign or transfer to any other Person, or grant, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any portion of the Receivables or other Second Step Transferred Property, whether now existing or hereafter transferred hereunder, or any interest therein, and the Depositor will not sell, pledge, assign or suffer to exist any Lien on its interest, if any, hereunder. The Depositor will promptly notify the Issuing Entity of the existence of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any portion of the Receivables or other Second Step Transferred Property and the Depositor shall defend the right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity (and the permitted assignees) in, to and under such Receivables and other Second Step Transferred Property, against all claims of third parties; provided, however, that nothing in this subsection shall prevent or be deemed to prohibit the Depositor from suffering to exist Permitted Liens upon any portion of the Second Step Transferred Property.

ARTICLE IV

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 4.1 Amendment.

(a) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Depositor and the Issuing Entity, without the consent of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, any of the Noteholders, any of the Certificateholders or any other Person (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Seller, (iv) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or Unaffiliated Certificateholders, or (v) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Issuing Entity notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(b) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Depositor and the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Certificateholders to add or supplement any credit enhancement for the benefit of the Noteholders of any class or the Certificateholders (provided that if any such addition shall affect any class of Noteholders differently from any other class of Noteholders, then such addition shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any class of Noteholders).

(c) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Depositor, the Issuing Entity, and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders as of the close of business on the preceding Distribution Date, or if no Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 4.1 or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Notes or Certificates and of any Notes or Certificates issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon any Notes or Certificates) for the purpose of adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner, or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be.

(d) It will not be necessary for the consent of Noteholders or Certificateholders pursuant to Section 4.1(b) or (c) to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it will be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders and Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Indenture Trustee and Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

(e) No amendment, waiver or other modification which adversely affects the rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement shall be effective without such entity’s prior written consent.

(f) Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to Section 4.1(b) or (c), the Depositor shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Depositor shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

(g) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Depositor, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


Section 4.2 Protection of Right, Title and Interest in and to Receivables.

(a) The Depositor, at its expense, shall cause all financing statements and continuation statements, amendments, assignments and any other necessary documents and notices, covering or evidencing the Issuing Entity’s right, title and interest in and to the Receivables and other Second Step Transferred Property to be promptly recorded, registered and filed, and at all times to be kept recorded, registered and filed, and take such other action, all in such manner and in such places as may be required by law, fully to preserve and protect the right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity hereunder in and to all of the Receivables and such other Second Step Transferred Property. The Depositor shall deliver to the Issuing Entity file-stamped copies of, or filing receipts for, any document recorded, registered or filed as provided above, as soon as available following such recording, registration or filing. The Issuing Entity shall cooperate fully with the Depositor in connection with the obligations set forth above and will execute any and all documents reasonably required to fulfill the intent of this subsection.

(b) Name Change. The Depositor shall not change its State of organization or its name, identity or entity structure in any manner that would, could or might make any financing statement or continuation statement filed by the Depositor or the Issuing Entity or the Issuing Entity’s assigns seriously misleading within the meaning of the UCC, unless it shall give the Issuing Entity written notice thereof at least five (5) Business Days prior to such change.

(c) Executive Office; Maintenance of Offices. The Depositor shall give the Issuing Entity written notice at least ten (10) Business Days prior to any relocation of its principal executive office if, as a result of such relocation, the applicable provisions of the UCC would require the filing of any amendment of any previously filed financing or continuation statement or of any new financing statement. The Depositor shall at all times maintain its principal executive office within the United States of America.

(d) New Debtor. In the event that the Depositor shall change the jurisdiction in which it is formed or otherwise enter into any transaction which would result in a “new debtor” (as defined in the UCC) succeeding to the obligations of the Depositor hereunder, the Depositor shall comply fully with the obligations of Section 4.2(a).

(e) The Depositor shall maintain its computer systems relating to contract record keeping so that, from and after the time of sale of any Receivable under this Agreement, the Depositor’s master computer records (including any backup archives) that refer to a Receivable shall indicate clearly the interest of the Issuing Entity (or assignees).

Section 4.3 Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Objection to Venue. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE SECOND STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)). EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, LOCATED IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN AND THE FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN. EACH OF THE PARTIES

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER OR UNDER THE SECOND STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

Section 4.4 Waiver of Jury Trial. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

Section 4.5 Notices. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Depositor or the Issuing Entity under this Agreement shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Section 4.6 Severability of Provisions. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall for any reason whatsoever be held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions and terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement.

Section 4.7 Closing; Assignment; Conveyance of Receivables and Second Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity. The transfer of the Receivables contemplated by this Agreement shall take place at Carvana Headquarters, on the date hereof. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Issuing Entity or the Depositor except as contemplated by this Section 4.7. The Depositor acknowledges that the Issuing Entity (or any permitted assign) may make further assignments, conveyances and pledges of the Receivables and the other Second Step Transferred Property, together with its rights under this Agreement to other Persons pursuant to the Indenture and the Receivables Contribution Agreement and that the Grantor Trust may make further assignments, conveyances and pledges pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement and the Indenture. The Depositor acknowledges and consents to such assignments and pledges and waives any further notice thereof. Additionally, the Depositor acknowledges that the Grantor Trust may assign the representations and warrants set forth in Section 3.1(b) to any Third-Party Purchaser with respect to the sale of Charged-Off Receivables pursuant to a Forward Commitment Transfer.

Section 4.8 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies. No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of the Depositor or the Issuing Entity, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided are cumulative and not exhaustive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


Section 4.9 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2) or more counterparts (and by different parties on separate counterparts), each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

Section 4.10 Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee and, to the extent expressly referenced herein, shall inure to the benefit of the Noteholders and the Certificateholders, who shall be considered to be a third party beneficiary hereof. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no other Person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

Section 4.11 Merger and Integration. Except as specifically stated otherwise herein, this Agreement sets forth the entire understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter hereof, and all prior understandings, written or oral, are superseded by this Agreement. This Agreement may not be modified, amended, waived or supplemented except as provided herein.

Section 4.12 Headings. The headings herein are for purposes of references only and shall not otherwise affect the meaning or interpretation of any provision hereof.

Section 4.13 Indemnification. The Depositor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Issuing Entity and its agents and assignees (each, an “Indemnified Person”) from and against any loss, liability, expense (including reasonable and documented out of pocket external attorneys’ fees and costs) or damage suffered or sustained by reason of third party claims which may be asserted against or incurred by the Issuing Entity or any of the permitted assignees (collectively, “Losses”) as a result of the breach of the Depositor’s representations and warranties contained herein and any failure by the Depositor to comply with its obligations under Section 4.2 or Section 3.3(b); provided that the Depositor’s repurchase obligation for a breach of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(b) hereof is the sole remedy therefor.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


Notwithstanding the foregoing, such indemnity shall not be available to an Indemnified Person to the extent that such Losses (A) have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith, fraud or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Person or (B) arise primarily due to the deterioration in the credit quality or market value of the Receivables, Financed Vehicles or other Second Step Transferred Property (or the underlying Obligors thereunder) or otherwise constituting credit recourse for the failure of an Obligor to pay any amount owing with respect to any Second Step Transferred Property.

Section 4.14 Survival.

All representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities and other provisions made by the Depositor herein or in connection herewith shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Issuing Entity, and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement. The terms of Section 4.13 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

Section 4.15 No Petition Covenant.

Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement, the Depositor shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the final distribution with respect to the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) to the Note Distribution Account or, with respect to the Certificates, to the Certificateholders or the Certificate Distribution Account, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of the property of either of them, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

Section 4.16 Limitation on Liability.

It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of the Issuing Entity is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only Issuing Entity, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by Issuing Entity in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of Issuing Entity or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, under this Agreement.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC
By:  

         

Name:  
Title:
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By:   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
  not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

         

Name:
Title:

[Signature Page to Receivables Transfer Agreement]


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF

SECOND STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT

PURSUANT TO RECEIVABLES TRANSFER AGREEMENT

On May 25, 2022 for value received, in accordance with the Receivables Transfer Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Receivables Transfer Agreement”), between Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Depositor”), and Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”), the Depositor does hereby sell, assign, transfer, set over and otherwise convey unto the Issuing Entity, without recourse, all of the Depositor’s right, title and interest in, to and under the following property, whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired:

(i) the Receivables and all instruments and all monies due or to become due or received by any Person in payment of any of the foregoing on or after the Cutoff Date;

(ii) the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables (including any such Financed Vehicles that have been repossessed), any document or writing evidencing any security interest in any such Financed Vehicle and each security interest in each Financed Vehicle;

(iii) the Receivable Files and the Servicer Files related to such Receivables;

(iv) all rights to payment under all Insurance Policies with respect to the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, including any monies collected from whatever source in connection with any default of an Obligor or with respect to any such Financed Vehicle and any proceeds from claims or refunds of premiums on any Insurance Policy;

(v) all guaranties, indemnities, warranties, insurance (and proceeds and premium refunds thereof) and other agreements or arrangements of whatever character from time to time supporting or securing payment of the Receivables, whether pursuant to the related Contracts or otherwise;

(vi) all rights to payment under all service contracts and other contracts and agreements associated with such Receivables;

(vii) all Liquidation Proceeds related to any such Receivable received on or after the Cutoff Date;

(viii) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all deposit accounts, monies, deposits, funds, accounts and instruments relating to the foregoing (excluding payments or recoveries in respect of the Receivables received prior to the Cutoff Date);

 

Ex. A-1

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


(ix) the Receivables Purchase Agreement, including the right of the Depositor to cause the Seller repurchase, Receivables under certain circumstances;

(x) the proceeds of any and all of the foregoing; and

(xi) all present and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any of all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property; all accounts, general intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, money, investment property, deposit accounts, letters of credit, letter-of-credit rights, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations; and all other property which at any time constitutes all or part of or is included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing.

It is the intention of the Depositor and the Issuing Entity that the transfer and assignment of Receivables contemplated by the Receivables Transfer Agreement and this Second Step Receivables Assignment shall constitute an absolute and irrevocable sale of the Second Step Transferred Property from the Depositor to the Issuing Entity so that the beneficial interest in and title to the Receivables and the other related Second Step Transferred Property shall not be part of the Depositor’s estate in the event of the filing of a petition for insolvency, receivership or conservatorship by or against the Depositor or placement into receivership or conservatorship of the Depositor under any relevant bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or conservatorship law.

The foregoing transfer and assignment of the Second Step Transferred Property contemplated by the Receivables Transfer Agreement and this Second Step Receivables Assignment does not constitute and is not intended to result in any assumption by the Issuing Entity of any obligation of the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer or any other Person to the Obligors, insurers or any other Person in connection with the Receivables or the other related Second Step Transferred Property, including any insurance policies or any agreement or instrument relating to any of them.

THIS SECOND STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)).

This Second Step Receivables Assignment is made pursuant to and upon the representations, warranties and agreements on the part of the undersigned contained in the Receivables Transfer Agreement and is to be governed by the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning assigned to them in the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

*     *     *     *     *

 

Ex. A-2

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this Second Step Receivables Assignment to be duly executed as of the day and year first written above.

 

CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC
By:  

         

Name:
Title:

 

Ex. A-3

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement


SCHEDULE A TO THE SECOND STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT

SECOND STEP SCHEDULE OF RECEIVABLES

The Second Step Schedule of Receivables is

on file at the offices of:

 

  1.

The Indenture Trustee

 

  2.

The Servicer

 

  3.

The Depositor

 

  4.

The Issuing Entity

 

  5.

The Grantor Trust

 

Sch. A-1

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables Transfer Agreement

Exhibit 10.3

 

 

 

RECEIVABLES CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuing Entity

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS

     1  

Section 1.1

  Definitions; Rules of Construction      1  

ARTICLE II CONVEYANCE OF RECEIVABLES

     2  

Section 2.1

  Conveyance of Receivables      2  

Section 2.2

  Intent of the Parties      3  

ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

     4  

Section 3.1

  Representations and Warranties of the Issuing Entity Regarding the Receivables      4  

Section 3.2

  Repurchase of Receivables      5  

Section 3.3

  Representations and Warranties of the Issuing Entity      6  

Section 3.4

  Covenants of the Issuing Entity      7  

Section 3.5

  Representations and Warranties of the Grantor Trust      8  

ARTICLE IV MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

     9  

Section 4.1

  Amendment      9  

Section 4.2

  Protection of Right, Title and Interest in and to Receivables      10  

Section 4.3

  Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Objection to Venue      11  

Section 4.4

  Waiver of Jury Trial      11  

Section 4.5

  Notices      11  

Section 4.6

  Severability of Provisions      12  

Section 4.7

  Closing; Assignment; Conveyance of Receivables and Third Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity      12  

Section 4.8

  No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies      12  

Section 4.9

  Counterparts      12  

Section 4.10

  Third-Party Beneficiaries      13  

Section 4.11

  Merger and Integration      13  

Section 4.12

  Headings      13  

Section 4.13

  Indemnification      13  

Section 4.14

  Survival      13  

Section 4.15

  No Petition Covenant      13  

Section 4.16

  Limitation on Liability      14  

 

 

  -i-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


RECEIVABLES CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

This RECEIVABLES CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), dated as of May 25, 2022, is by and between Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”), and Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor Trust”).

AGREEMENTS

WHEREAS, on the Closing Date, Carvana, LLC (the “Seller”) has sold automobile retail installment contracts and related rights to Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC (the “Depositor”).

WHEREAS, the Depositor has sold such contracts and related rights to the Issuing Entity pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement;

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity intends to contribute or otherwise transfer such contracts and related rights, or interests therein, to the Grantor Trust pursuant to this Agreement in exchange for the Grantor Trust Certificate;

WHEREAS, the Grantor Trust intends to pledge such contracts and related rights to Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”), and the Issuing Entity will issue notes backed by the Grantor Trust Certificate pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, and the Indenture Trustee; and

WHEREAS, Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company (the “Servicer”), is willing to service such contracts in accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Backup Servicer and the Servicer.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements and subject to the terms and conditions herein contained, each party agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS

Section 1.1 Definitions; Rules of Construction. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Receivables Contribution Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

 

         

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


ARTICLE II

CONVEYANCE OF RECEIVABLES

Section 2.1 Conveyance of Receivables.

(a) On the Closing Date, the Issuing Entity hereby agrees to sell, transfer, assign, set over and otherwise convey to the Grantor Trust and the Grantor Trust hereby agrees to purchase from the Issuing Entity, without recourse, all right, title and interest of the Issuing Entity in, to and under the following property, whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired (all of the property described in this Section 2.1(a) being collectively referred to herein as the “Third Step Transferred Property”):

(i) the Receivables and all instruments and all monies due or to become due or received by any Person in payment of any of the foregoing on or after the Cutoff Date;

(ii) the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables (including any such Financed Vehicles that have been repossessed), any document or writing evidencing any security interest in any such Financed Vehicle and each security interest in each Financed Vehicle;

(iii) the Receivable Files and the Servicer Files related to such Receivables;

(iv) all rights to payment under all Insurance Policies with respect to the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, including any monies collected from whatever source in connection with any default of an Obligor or with respect to any such Financed Vehicle and any proceeds from claims or refunds of premiums on any Insurance Policy;

(v) all guaranties, indemnities, warranties, insurance (and proceeds and premium refunds thereof) and other agreements or arrangements of whatever character from time to time supporting or securing payment of the Receivables, whether pursuant to the related Contracts or otherwise;

(vi) all rights to payment under all service contracts and other contracts and agreements associated with such Receivables;

(vii) all Liquidation Proceeds related to any such Receivable received on or after the Cutoff Date;

(viii) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all deposit accounts, monies, deposits, funds, accounts and instruments relating to the foregoing (excluding payments or recoveries in respect of the Receivables received prior to the Cutoff Date);

 

  2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


(ix) the Receivables Purchase Agreement and the Receivables Transfer Agreement, including the right of the Issuing Entity to cause the Seller or the Depositor to repurchase Receivables under certain circumstances;

(x) the proceeds of any and all of the foregoing; and

(xi) all present and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any of all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property; all accounts, general intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, money, investment property, deposit accounts, letters of credit, letter-of-credit rights, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations; and all other property which at any time constitutes all or part of or is included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing.

(b) In connection with the purchase and sale of the Third Step Transferred Property hereunder, the Issuing Entity agrees, at its own expense, (i) to annotate and indicate on its books and records that the Receivables were sold and transferred to the Grantor Trust pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) to deliver to the Grantor Trust (or its designee) all Collections on the Receivables, if any, received on or after the Cutoff Date, and (iii) to deliver to the Grantor Trust an assignment substantially in the form (or in such other form as shall be mutually acceptable to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust) attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Third Step Receivables Assignment”).

(c) In consideration of the sale of the Receivables from the Issuing Entity to the Grantor Trust as provided herein, the Grantor Trust shall deliver to, or upon the order of, the Issuing Entity the Grantor Trust Certificate (the “Purchase Price”).

Section 2.2 Intent of the Parties.

It is the intention of the parties that each conveyance hereunder of the Receivables and the other Third Step Transferred Property from the Issuing Entity to the Grantor Trust as provided in Section 2.1 be, and be construed as, an absolute sale, without recourse, of the Receivables and other Third Step Transferred Property by the Issuing Entity to the Grantor Trust. Furthermore, no such conveyance is intended to be a pledge of the Third Step Transferred Property by the Issuing Entity to the Grantor Trust to secure a debt or other obligation of the Grantor Trust. If, however, notwithstanding the intention of the parties, the conveyance provided for in Section 2.1 is determined, for any reason, not to be an absolute sale, then the parties intend that this Agreement shall be deemed to be a “security agreement” within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC and the Issuing Entity hereby grants to the Grantor Trust a “security interest” within the meaning of Article 9 of the UCC in all of the Issuing Entity’s right, title and interest in and to the Third Step Transferred Property, now existing and hereafter created or acquired, to secure a loan in an amount equal to Purchase Price and each of the Issuing Entity’s other payment obligations under this Agreement.

 

  3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

Section 3.1 Representations and Warranties of the Issuing Entity Regarding the Receivables.

The Issuing Entity makes the following representations and warranties to the Grantor Trust regarding each Receivable as of the Closing Date, which shall survive the sale, transfer and assignment of the Receivables and on which representations and warranties the Grantor Trust shall rely in acquiring the Receivables. The Issuing Entity further acknowledges that the Grantor Trust and its permitted assignees rely on the representations and warranties of the Issuing Entity under this Agreement, the Depositor under the Receivables Transfer Agreement and of the Seller under the Receivables Purchase Agreement in accepting the Receivables and executing and delivering the Grantor Trust Certificate.

(a) Receivables. Pursuant to Section 2.1(a)(ix), the Issuing Entity assigns to the Grantor Trust all of its right, title and interest in, to and under the Receivables Purchase Agreement and the Receivables Transfer Agreement. Such assigned right, title and interest includes the benefit of the representations and warranties that the Depositor made to the Issuing Entity pursuant to Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement and the benefit of the representations and warranties that the Seller made to the Depositor pursuant to Section 3.1(b) and Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement. The Issuing Entity hereby represents and warrants to the Grantor Trust that the Issuing Entity has taken no action which would cause such representations and warranties of the Depositor or the Seller to be false in any material respect as of the Closing Date.

(b) Good Title.

(i) Immediately prior to the conveyance of each Receivable and the related Third Step Transferred Property to the Grantor Trust pursuant to this Agreement and the Third Step Receivables Assignment, the Issuing Entity had good and marketable title thereto, free and clear of all Liens except for Permitted Liens. No effective financing statement or other instrument similar in effect covering any portion of the Third Step Transferred Property shall, on or after the Closing Date, be on file in any recording office except such as may be filed in favor of (i) the Grantor Trust in connection with this Agreement or (ii) the Indenture Trustee in connection with the Indenture.

(ii) Upon the conveyance of such Receivable and the other related Third Step Transferred Property to the Grantor Trust pursuant to this Agreement and the Third Step Receivables Assignment, the Grantor Trust will be the sole owner of, and have good, indefeasible and marketable title to such Receivable and other related Third Step Transferred Property, free and clear of any Lien (other than Liens created hereunder and Permitted Liens); and, to the extent the related Obligor has a contractual right to return the Financed Vehicle to the Seller for repurchase, the applicable repurchase period has expired. As of the Closing Date, each Receivable and the related Financed Vehicle is free and clear of any Lien of any Person (other than Liens created hereunder and Permitted Liens) or those Liens that will be released simultaneously with the conveyance hereunder and is in compliance with all Applicable Laws.

 

  4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


(c) All Filings Made. With respect to the sale and assignment of the Third Step Transferred Property to the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity has taken all steps reasonably necessary to ensure that such sale and assignment has been perfected under the relevant UCC. With respect to the Third Step Transferred Property, the Issuing Entity has taken all steps necessary to ensure that all filings (including UCC filings) necessary in any jurisdiction to give the Indenture Trustee a first priority perfected security interest in the Third Step Transferred Property have been made.

(d) Value Given. The Grantor Trust shall have given reasonably equivalent value to the Issuing Entity in consideration for the transfer by the Issuing Entity to the Grantor Trust of each of the Receivables and the related Third Step Transferred Property under this Agreement.

Section 3.2 Repurchase of Receivables.

(a) In the event of

(A) a breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement, Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement or Section 3.1(a) hereof which materially and adversely affects the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, unless the breach shall have been cured within thirty (30) days following (i) discovery of the breach by the Issuing Entity or receipt of notice of such breach by the Issuing Entity from the Grantor Trust (which notice shall provide sufficient detail so as to allow the Issuing Entity to reasonably investigate the breach), or (ii) in the case of the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee, a Responsible Officer of such trustee has actual knowledge or receives written notice of a breach of such representation or warranty, then

(B) the Issuing Entity shall (1) repurchase from the Grantor Trust each Receivable related to such breach by remitting to the Collection Account an amount equal to the Purchase Amount of each such Receivable or (2) in the event of a breach of any representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement, use reasonable efforts to enforce, at the direction of the Grantor Trust or any of it assigns, including the Indenture Trustee, the obligations of the Depositor under Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement to repurchase each Receivable related to such breach by remitting to the Collection Account an amount equal to the Purchase Amount of each such Receivable. Any such breach will be deemed not to materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, if such breach or failure does not affect the ability of the Issuing Entity (or its assignee) to receive and retain timely payment in full on such Receivable. The Issuing Entity shall not interfere with or act to hinder the Grantor Trust’s or any assignee’s exercise of rights and remedies under this Section 3.2 or under Sections 3.1(c) or 4.13 of the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

 

  5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


(b) It is understood and agreed that the obligation of the Issuing Entity to repurchase any Receivable as to which a breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(a), which materially and adversely affects the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders taken as a whole, has occurred and is continuing, and the obligation of the Issuing Entity to enforce the Depositor’s obligation to repurchase such Receivables pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement in connection with a breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement and the Seller’s obligation to repurchase such Receivables pursuant to the Receivables Purchase Agreement in connection with a breach of a representation or warranty set forth in Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement shall, if such obligations are fulfilled, constitute the sole and exclusive remedy (other than any indemnities available pursuant to Section 4.13, Section 4.13 of the Receivables Transfer Agreement or Section 4.13 of the Receivables Purchase Agreement) against the Issuing Entity, the Depositor or the Seller for such breach available to the Grantor Trust, the Financial Parties, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee.

(c) Upon the receipt of the applicable Purchase Amount, the applicable Receivable and any and all related Third Step Transferred Property shall be automatically and immediately assigned and re-conveyed by the Grantor Trust (or its applicable assign, as the case may be) to the Issuing Entity.

(d) Upon discovery by the Issuing Entity or by the Grantor Trust of a breach of any of the foregoing representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1 hereof, Section 3.1(a), Section 3.1(b) or Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement or Section 3.1(a) or Section 3.1(b) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement (other than with respect to Receivables that have been repurchased in accordance with the terms of this Agreement), the party discovering such breach shall give prompt written notice to the other party.

Section 3.3 Representations and Warranties of the Issuing Entity.

The Issuing Entity makes the following representations and warranties to the Grantor Trust as of the date of this Agreement, which shall survive delivery of the Third Step Transferred Property, and on which representations and warranties the Grantor Trust shall rely in issuing the Grantor Trust Certificate.

(a) Organization and Good Standing. The Issuing Entity has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a statutory trust and in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation, with all requisite power and authority to own or lease its properties and to conduct its business as such business is presently conducted and to enter into and perform its obligations pursuant to this Agreement.

(b) Power and Authority; Due Authorization. The Issuing Entity (i) has the power and authority to (A) execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (B) carry out the terms of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (ii) has duly authorized by all necessary action on its part the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

 

  6   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


(c) Binding Obligation. This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Issuing Entity enforceable against the Issuing Entity in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(d) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the fulfillment of the terms hereof will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Issuing Entity’s Formation Documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Issuing Entity, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Issuing Entity’s properties, other than Liens permitted or created pursuant to the Transaction Documents, or (iii) violate any Applicable Law, in each case, except where such failure to comply could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Issuing Entity.

(e) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Issuing Entity, threatened against the Issuing Entity, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (iii) challenging the enforceability of a material portion of the Receivables or (iv) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Issuing Entity.

(f) No Consents. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority (if any) required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Issuing Entity of this Agreement have been obtained.

Section 3.4 Covenants of the Issuing Entity. The Issuing Entity hereby covenants as to the Receivables the Issuing Entity has contributed to the Grantor Trust hereby that:

(a) Delivery of Payments. The Issuing Entity shall within two (2) Business Days after the Closing Date, transfer all Collections received by it on or after the Cutoff Date with respect to any Receivable or related Third Step Transferred Property to, or at the direction of, the Grantor Trust.

(b) Security Interests. The Issuing Entity will not sell, pledge, assign or transfer to any other Person, or grant, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any portion of the Receivables or other Third Step Transferred Property, whether now existing or hereafter transferred hereunder, or any interest therein, and the Issuing Entity will not sell, pledge, assign or suffer to exist any Lien on its interest, if any, hereunder. The Issuing Entity will promptly notify the Grantor Trust of the existence of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) on any portion of the Receivables or other Third Step Transferred Property and the Issuing Entity shall defend the right, title and interest of the Grantor Trust (and the permitted assignees) in, to and under such Receivables and other Third Step Transferred Property, against all claims of third parties; provided, however, that nothing in this subsection shall prevent or be deemed to prohibit the Issuing Entity from suffering to exist Permitted Liens upon any portion of the Third Step Transferred Property.

 

  7   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


Section 3.5 Representations and Warranties of the Grantor Trust.

The Grantor Trust makes the following representations and warranties to the Issuing Entity as of the date of this Agreement, and on which representations and warranties the Issuing Entity shall rely in contributing the Receivables.

(a) Organization and Good Standing. The Grantor Trust has been duly organized, and is validly existing as a statutory trust and in good standing under the laws of the state of its formation, with all requisite power and authority to own or lease its properties and to conduct its business as such business is presently conducted and to enter into and perform its obligations pursuant to this Agreement.

(b) Power and Authority; Due Authorization. The Grantor Trust (i) has the power and authority to (A) execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (B) carry out the terms of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and (ii) has duly authorized by all necessary action on its part the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

(c) Binding Obligation. This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Grantor Trust enforceable against the Grantor Trust in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(d) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the fulfillment of the terms hereof will not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, the Grantor Trust’s Formation Documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Grantor Trust, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Grantor Trust’s properties, other than Liens permitted or created pursuant to the Transaction Documents, or (iii) violate any Applicable Law, in each case, except where such failure to comply could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Grantor Trust.

(e) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of the Grantor Trust, threatened against the Grantor Trust, before any Governmental Authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (iii) challenging the enforceability of a material portion of the Receivables or (iv) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Grantor Trust.

(f) No Consents. All approvals, authorizations, consents, orders or other actions of any Person or of any Governmental Authority (if any) required for the due execution, delivery and performance by the Grantor Trust of this Agreement have been obtained.

 

  8   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


ARTICLE IV

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 4.1 Amendment.

(a) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, without the consent of the Depositor, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, any of the Noteholders, any of the Certificateholders, or any other Person (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Seller, (iv) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely the interests of the Noteholders or Unaffiliated Certificateholders, or (v) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Issuing Entity notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

(b) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Certificateholders to add or supplement any credit enhancement for the benefit of the Noteholders of any class or the Certificateholders (provided that if any such addition shall affect any class of Noteholders differently from any other class of Noteholders, then such addition shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any class of Noteholders).

(c) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Required Noteholders as of the close of business on the preceding Distribution Date, or if no Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 4.1 or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Notes or Certificates and of any Notes or Certificates issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon any Notes or Certificates) for the purpose of adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner, or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be.

 

  9   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

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(d) It will not be necessary for the consent of Noteholders or Certificateholders pursuant to Section 4.1(b) or (c) to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it will be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders and Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Indenture Trustee and Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

(e) No amendment, waiver or other modification which adversely affects the rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement shall be effective without such entity’s prior written consent.

(f) Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to Section 4.1(b) or (c), the Depositor shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Depositor shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

(g) In executing any amendment permitted by Section 4.1(b) or (c), the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and subject to Sections 6.1 and 6.2 of the Indenture, shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. The Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment that affects the Indenture Trustee’s own privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement or otherwise.

(h) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Depositor, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

Section 4.2 Protection of Right, Title and Interest in and to Receivables.

(a) The Issuing Entity, at its expense, shall cause all financing statements and continuation statements, amendments, assignments and any other necessary documents and notices, covering or evidencing the Grantor Trust’s right, title and interest in and to the Receivables and other Third Step Transferred Property to be promptly recorded, registered and filed, and at all times to be kept recorded, registered and filed, and take such other action, all in such manner and in such places as may be required by law, fully to preserve and protect the right, title and interest of the Grantor Trust hereunder in and to all of the Receivables and such other Third Step Transferred Property. The Issuing Entity shall deliver to the Grantor Trust file-stamped copies of, or filing receipts for, any document recorded, registered or filed as provided above, as soon as available following such recording, registration or filing. The Issuing Entity shall cooperate fully with the Grantor Trust in connection with the obligations set forth above and will execute any and all documents reasonably required to fulfill the intent of this subsection.

 

  10   

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(b) Name Change. The Issuing Entity shall not change its State of organization or its name, identity or entity structure in any manner that would, could or might make any financing statement or continuation statement filed by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, or the Grantor Trust’s assigns seriously misleading within the meaning of the UCC, unless it shall give the Grantor Trust written notice thereof at least five (5) Business Days prior to such change.

(c) Executive Office; Maintenance of Offices. The Issuing Entity shall give the Grantor Trust written notice at least ten (10) Business Days prior to any relocation of its principal executive office if, as a result of such relocation, the applicable provisions of the UCC would require the filing of any amendment of any previously filed financing or continuation statement or of any new financing statement. The Issuing Entity shall at all times maintain its principal executive office within the United States.

(d) New Debtor. In the event that the Issuing Entity shall change the jurisdiction in which it is formed or otherwise enter into any transaction which would result in a “new debtor” (as defined in the UCC) succeeding to the obligations of the Issuing Entity hereunder, the Issuing Entity shall comply fully with the obligations of Section 4.2(a).

Section 4.3 Governing Law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Objection to Venue. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE THIRD STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)). EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, LOCATED IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN AND THE FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER OR UNDER THE THIRD STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

Section 4.4 Waiver of Jury Trial. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

Section 4.5 Notices. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under this Agreement shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

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Section 4.6 Severability of Provisions. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall for any reason whatsoever be held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions and terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement.

Section 4.7 Closing; Assignment; Conveyance of Receivables and Third Step Transferred Property to the Issuing Entity. The transfer of the Receivables contemplated by this Agreement shall take place at Carvana Headquarters, on the date hereof. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust except as contemplated by this Section 4.7. The Issuing Entity acknowledges that the Grantor Trust (or any permitted assign) may make further assignments, conveyances and pledges of the Receivables and the other Third Step Transferred Property together with its rights under this Agreement to other Persons pursuant to the Indenture. The Issuing Entity acknowledges and consents to such assignments and pledges and waives any further notice thereof. Additionally, the Grantor Trust may assign the representations and warrants set forth in Section 3.1 to any Third-Party Purchaser with respect to the sale of Charged-Off Receivables pursuant to a Forward Commitment Transfer.

Section 4.8 No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies. No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided are cumulative and not exhaustive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

Section 4.9 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2) or more counterparts (and by different parties on separate counterparts), each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

 

  12   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

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Section 4.10 Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement will inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and the Indenture Trustee and, to the extent expressly referenced herein, shall inure to the benefit of the Noteholders and the Certificateholders, who shall be considered to be a third party beneficiary hereof. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no other Person will have any right or obligation hereunder.

Section 4.11 Merger and Integration. Except as specifically stated otherwise herein, this Agreement sets forth the entire understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter hereof, and all prior understandings, written or oral, are superseded by this Agreement. This Agreement may not be modified, amended, waived or supplemented except as provided herein.

Section 4.12 Headings. The headings herein are for purposes of references only and shall not otherwise affect the meaning or interpretation of any provision hereof.

Section 4.13 Indemnification. The Issuing Entity shall indemnify and hold harmless the Grantor Trust and its agents and assignees (each, an “Indemnified Person”) from and against any loss, liability, expense (including reasonable and documented out of pocket external attorneys’ fees and costs) or damage suffered or sustained by reason of third party claims which may be asserted against or incurred by the Grantor Trust or any of the permitted assignees (collectively, “Losses”) as a result of the breach of the Issuing Entity’s representations and warranties contained herein and any failure by the Issuing Entity to comply with its obligations under Section 4.2 or Section 3.4(b); provided that the Issuing Entity’s repurchase obligation for a breach of representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1(a) hereof is the sole remedy therefor, except with respect to matters set forth in (i) above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such indemnity shall not be available to an Indemnified Person to the extent that such Losses (A) have resulted from the gross negligence, bad faith, fraud or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Person or (B) arise primarily due to the deterioration in the credit quality or market value of the Receivables, Financed Vehicles or other Third Step Transferred Property (or the underlying Obligors thereunder) or otherwise constituting credit recourse for the failure of an Obligor to pay any amount owing with respect to any Third Step Transferred Property.

Section 4.14 Survival.

All representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities and other provisions made by the Issuing Entity herein or in connection herewith shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Grantor Trust, and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement. The terms of Section 4.13 shall survive the termination of this Agreement.

Section 4.15 No Petition Covenant.

Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement, the Issuing Entity shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the final distribution with respect to the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) to the Note Distribution Account or, with respect to the Certificates, to the Certificateholders or the Certificate Distribution Account, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Grantor Trust to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of the property of either of them, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

 

  13   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

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Section 4.16 Limitation on Liability.

It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, under this Agreement.

[REMAINDER OF PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 

  14   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
  not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2
By:   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
  not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature Page to Receivables Contribution Agreement]


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF

THIRD STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT

PURSUANT TO RECEIVABLES CONTRIBUTION AGREEMENT

On May 25, 2022 for value received, in accordance with the Receivables Contribution Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Receivables Contribution Agreement”), between Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”), and Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor Trust”), the Issuing Entity does hereby sell, assign, transfer, set over and otherwise convey unto the Grantor Trust, without recourse, all of the Issuing Entity’s right, title and interest in, to and under the following property, whether now existing or hereafter created or acquired:

(i) the Receivables and all instruments and all monies due or to become due or received by any Person in payment of any of the foregoing on or after the Cutoff Date;

(ii) the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables (including any such Financed Vehicles that have been repossessed), any document or writing evidencing any security interest in any such Financed Vehicle and each security interest in each Financed Vehicle;

(iii) the Receivable Files and the Servicer Files related to such Receivables;

(iv) all rights to payment under all Insurance Policies with respect to the Financed Vehicles or the Obligors, including any monies collected from whatever source in connection with any default of an Obligor or with respect to any such Financed Vehicle and any proceeds from claims or refunds of premiums on any Insurance Policy;

(v) all guaranties, indemnities, warranties, insurance (and proceeds and premium refunds thereof) and other agreements or arrangements of whatever character from time to time supporting or securing payment of the Receivables, whether pursuant to the related Contracts or otherwise;

(vi) all rights to payment under all service contracts and other contracts and agreements associated with such Receivables;

(vii) all Liquidation Proceeds related to any such Receivable received on or after the Cutoff Date;

(viii) subject to the Transaction Documents and the Master Agency Agreement, all deposit accounts, monies, deposits, funds, accounts and instruments relating to the foregoing (excluding payments or recoveries in respect of the Receivables received prior to the Cutoff Date);

 

  Ex. A-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


(ix) the Receivables Purchase Agreement and the Receivables Transfer Agreement, including the right of the Issuing Entity to cause the Seller or the Depositor to repurchase Receivables under certain circumstances;

(x) the proceeds of any and all of the foregoing; and

(xi) all present and future claims, demands, causes of action and choses in action in respect of any of all of the foregoing and all payments on or under and all proceeds of every kind and nature whatsoever in respect of any or all of the foregoing, including all proceeds of the conversion thereof, voluntary or involuntary, into cash or other liquid property; all accounts, general intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, money, investment property, deposit accounts, letters of credit, letter-of-credit rights, insurance proceeds, condemnation awards, rights to payment of any and every kind and other forms of obligations; and all other property which at any time constitutes all or part of or is included in the proceeds of any of the foregoing.

It is the intention of the Grantor Trust and the Issuing Entity that the transfer and assignment of Receivables contemplated by the Receivables Contribution Agreement and this Third Step Receivables Assignment shall constitute an absolute and irrevocable sale of the Third Step Transferred Property from the Issuing Entity to the Grantor Trust so that the beneficial interest in and title to the Receivables and the other related Third Step Transferred Property shall not be part of the Issuing Entity’s estate in the event of the filing of a petition for insolvency, receivership or conservatorship by or against the Issuing Entity or placement into receivership or conservatorship of the Issuing Entity under any relevant bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or conservatorship law.

The foregoing transfer and assignment of the Third Step Transferred Property contemplated by the Receivables Contribution Agreement and this Third Step Receivables Assignment does not constitute and is not intended to result in any assumption by the Grantor Trust of any obligation of the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer, the Issuing Entity or any other Person to the Obligors, insurers or any other Person in connection with the Receivables or the other related Third Step Transferred Property, including any insurance policies or any agreement or instrument relating to any of them.

THIS THIRD STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)).

This Third Step Receivables Assignment is made pursuant to and upon the representations, warranties and agreements on the part of the undersigned contained in the Receivables Contribution Agreement and is to be governed by the Receivables Contribution Agreement.

 

  Ex. A-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning assigned to them in the Receivables Contribution Agreement.

*     *     *     *     *

 

  Ex. A-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused this Third Step Receivables Assignment to be duly executed as of the day and year first written above.

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
  not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

  Ex. A-4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement


SCHEDULE A TO THE THIRD STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT

THIRD STEP SCHEDULE OF RECEIVABLES

The Third Step Schedule of Receivables is

on file at the offices of:

 

  1.

The Indenture Trustee

 

  2.

The Servicer

 

  3.

The Issuing Entity

 

  4.

The Grantor Trust

 

  Sch. A-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Receivables

Contribution Agreement

Exhibit 10.4

 

 

 

SERVICING AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuer

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust

and

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Indenture Trustee

and

BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC,

as Servicer

and

VERVENT INC.,

as Backup Servicer

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND USAGE

     1  

SECTION 1.1

  DEFINITIONS      1  

ARTICLE II ADMINISTRATION AND SERVICING OF RECEIVABLES AND TRUST PROPERTY

     2  

SECTION 2.1

  DUTIES OF SERVICER      2  

SECTION 2.2

  COLLECTION OF RECEIVABLE PAYMENTS      3  

SECTION 2.3

  REALIZATION UPON RECEIVABLES      5  

SECTION 2.4

  MAINTENANCE OF SECURITY INTERESTS IN FINANCED VEHICLES      6  

SECTION 2.5

  ADDITIONAL COVENANTS OF SERVICER      6  

SECTION 2.6

  INDEMNIFICATION UPON BREACH      7  

SECTION 2.7

  SERVICING FEE      7  

SECTION 2.8

  SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE; ASSET-LEVEL DATA      8  

SECTION 2.9

  ANNUAL OFFICER’S CERTIFICATE; NOTICE OF SERVICING TERMINATION EVENT      11  

SECTION 2.10

  SERVICER EXPENSES      12  

SECTION 2.11

  ANNUAL REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ATTESTATION REPORT      12  

SECTION 2.12

  EXCHANGE ACT FILINGS      12  

ARTICLE III DISTRIBUTIONS; ACCOUNTS

     12  

SECTION 3.1

  DEPOSITORY ACCOUNTS; POST-OFFICE BOXES      12  

SECTION 3.2

  REMITTANCES      13  

SECTION 3.3

  ADDITIONAL DEPOSITS AND PAYMENTS      13  

ARTICLE IV THE SERVICER

     13  

SECTION 4.1

  REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE SERVICER      13  

SECTION 4.2

  INDEMNITIES OF SERVICER      14  

SECTION 4.3

  LIMITATION ON LIABILITY OF SERVICER AND OTHERS      16  

SECTION 4.4

  DELEGATION OF DUTIES      17  

SECTION 4.5

  THE SERVICER NOT TO RESIGN AS SERVICER      17  

SECTION 4.6

  SERVICER MAY OWN NOTES AND CERTIFICATES      17  

 

  i   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

ARTICLE V REPLACEMENT OF SERVICER

     18  

SECTION 5.1

  REPLACEMENT OF SERVICER      18  

SECTION 5.2

  NOTIFICATION TO NOTEHOLDERS AND CERTIFICATEHOLDERS      20  

ARTICLE VI OPTIONAL PURCHASE; TERMINATION DATE

     20  

SECTION 6.1

  OPTIONAL PURCHASE OF TRUST ESTATE      20  

SECTION 6.2

  TERMINATION DATE      21  

ARTICLE VII MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

     21  

SECTION 7.1

  AMENDMENT      21  

SECTION 7.2

  PROTECTION OF TITLE      22  

SECTION 7.3

  NOTICES, ETC.      23  

SECTION 7.4

  CHOICE OF LAW      23  

SECTION 7.5

  HEADINGS      23  

SECTION 7.6

  COUNTERPARTS      23  

SECTION 7.7

  WAIVERS      24  

SECTION 7.8

  ENTIRE AGREEMENT      24  

SECTION 7.9

  SEVERABILITY OF PROVISIONS      24  

SECTION 7.10

  BINDING EFFECT      24  

SECTION 7.11

  CUMULATIVE REMEDIES      24  

SECTION 7.12

  NONPETITION COVENANT      24  

SECTION 7.13

  SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      24  

SECTION 7.14

  LIMITATION OF LIABILITY      25  

SECTION 7.15

  THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES      26  

SECTION 7.16

  INFORMATION REQUESTS      26  

 

 

  ii    CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


This SERVICING AGREEMENT, dated as of May 25, 2022 (together with all exhibits, schedules and appendices hereto and as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, this “Agreement”), is entered into by and among CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Issuing Entity”), CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor Trust”), BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, as servicer (in such capacity, the “Servicer”), COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”), and VERVENT INC., a Delaware corporation, as backup servicer (the “Backup Servicer”).

WHEREAS, the Grantor Trust has acquired a portfolio of motor vehicle receivables, including retail installment sales contracts, direct purchase money loans and/or conditional sales contracts that are secured by used automobiles, light-duty trucks, minivans or sport utility vehicles; and

WHEREAS, the Servicer is willing to service such motor vehicle receivables and related property;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND USAGE

SECTION 1.1 Definitions. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I and Part IV of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), by and between Carvana, LLC, as seller, and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Servicing Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

Servicing Fee Rate” means a per annum rate equal to 0.60%.

Servicing Rate” means the Servicing Fee Rate or the Successor Servicing Fee Rate (Backup Servicer), as applicable.

Successor Servicing Fee Rate (Backup Servicer)” means a per annum rate equal to 0.60%.

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


ARTICLE II

ADMINISTRATION AND SERVICING OF

RECEIVABLES AND TRUST PROPERTY

SECTION 2.1 Duties of Servicer.

(a) The Servicer is hereby appointed and authorized by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust to act as agent for the Grantor Trust for the benefit of the Issuing Entity, the Issuing Entity for the benefit of the Certificateholders and the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Noteholders and the Certificateholders, and in such capacity shall service and make collections on the Receivables in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices and Applicable Law, subject to the provisions herein, using the degree of skill and care that the Servicer exercises with respect to all comparable motor vehicle receivables that it services for itself or others. The Servicer’s duties will include collection and posting of all payments, responding to inquiries of Obligors, pursuing delinquencies, recovery and remarketing of Financed Vehicles, making available payment or other information (which may be in electronic form or through a web portal) to Obligors, accounting for Collections, administering insurance claim filings and providing monthly reports in accordance with Section 2.7. The Servicer is not required under the Transaction Documents to make any disbursements via wire transfer or otherwise on behalf of an Obligor. There are no requirements under the Receivables or the Transaction Documents for funds to be, and funds shall not be, held in trust for an Obligor. There are no requirements under the Receivables or the Transaction Documents for payments or disbursements to be made by the Servicer on behalf of the Obligor. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, other than with respect to Section 4.5, the Servicer shall not be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations or the taking of any action hereunder (and such failure or delay shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement or a Servicer Termination Event) if such failure or delay arises from compliance by the Servicer with any law or court order or at the direction of a regulatory authority. The Servicer hereby accepts such appointment and authorization and agrees to perform the duties of Servicer with respect to the Receivables set forth herein.

(b) Subject to the provisions of Section 2.2 and any other provision in this Agreement restricting the Servicer or specifying obligations different from the Customary Servicing Practices, the Servicer will follow its Customary Servicing Practices and will have full power and authority to do any and all things in connection with such servicing and collection that it may deem necessary or desirable. The Servicer is hereby authorized and empowered to execute and deliver, on behalf of itself, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders, the Certificateholders, or any of them, any and all instruments of satisfaction or cancellation, or partial or full release or discharge, and all other comparable instruments, with respect to such Receivables or to the Financed Vehicles securing such Receivables. The Servicer is hereby authorized to commence, in its own name or in the name of the Grantor Trust, a Proceeding to enforce a Receivable or an Insurance Policy or to commence or participate in any other Proceeding (including a bankruptcy Proceeding) relating to or involving a Receivable, an Obligor, a Financed Vehicle or an Insurance Policy. If the Servicer commences a Proceeding to enforce a Receivable or an Insurance Policy, the Grantor Trust will thereupon be deemed to have automatically assigned

 

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such Receivable or its rights under such Insurance Policy to the Servicer solely for purposes of commencing or participating in any such Proceeding as a party or claimant, and the Servicer is authorized and empowered by the Grantor Trust to execute and deliver in the Servicer’s name any notices, demands, claims, complaints, responses, affidavits or other documents or instruments in connection with any such Proceeding. If in any Proceeding it is held that the Servicer may not enforce a Receivable or Insurance Policy on the ground that it is not a real party in interest or a holder entitled to enforce the Receivable or Insurance Policy, the Indenture Trustee will, at the Servicer’s expense and direction, take steps to enforce the Receivable or Insurance Policy, including bringing suit in its name or the name of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust. The Servicer will prepare and furnish and the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee will execute any powers of attorney and other documents reasonably necessary or appropriate to enable the Servicer to carry out its servicing and administrative duties hereunder.

(c) The Servicer shall not be required to maintain a fidelity bond or error and omissions policy or to monitor whether Obligors obtain or maintain an Insurance Policy on the Financed Vehicles.

SECTION 2.2 Collection of Receivable Payments. (a) The Servicer will make reasonable efforts to collect all payments called for under the terms and provisions of the Receivables as and when the same become due in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices. The Servicer shall notify Obligors (and each other Person who makes payments relating to the Receivables) to make payments directly to a Depository Account, to mail payment to one of the Post-Office Boxes and/or to pay through any Third Party Bill Payment Service, in each case, in accordance with Customary Servicing Practices. When the Servicer receives any Collections on the Receivables (including payments mailed to one of the Post-Office Boxes or payments received from a Third Party Bill Payment Service), the Servicer shall hold such Collections in trust in accordance with the Master Depository Agreement for the benefit of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee, as applicable (provided, however, that if the Backup Servicer becomes the Servicer, the Backup Servicer may comingle payments with its own funds), and shall, as soon as possible but no later than two (2) Business Days following identification, deposit such Collections into the Collection Account. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Servicer, at its option, may retain Supplemental Servicing Fees and may net Liquidation Expenses from any Liquidation Proceeds otherwise required to be deposited into the Collection Account. The Servicer shall allocate Collections it receives to principal, interest and fees in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices. The Servicer may grant Permitted Modifications, but not any other extension, deferral, amendment, modification, alteration, temporary reduction in payments or adjustment, with respect to any Receivable in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices.

Permitted Modification” means an extension, deferral, alteration, amendment, modification, temporary reduction in payment or adjustment to the terms of, or with respect to, any Receivable with respect to which at least one of the following conditions has been satisfied:

 

  (i)

any amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment, individually and collectively with any other amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment proposed to be made with respect to the Receivable, is ministerial in nature (including, without limitation, any change to the due date for monthly payments from an Obligor to a different day in the month or a waiver of any Supplemental Servicing Fees);

 

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  (ii)

any amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment, individually and collectively with any other amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment that is required by Applicable Law (including at the direction of a regulatory authority or court order);

 

  (iii)

in the case of any extension or deferral, the Obligor’s address is within a geographic area determined by the President of the United States or the Governor of the applicable state to warrant individual, or individual and public, assistance from the federal government under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act or similar state law, as the case may be;

 

  (iv)

any amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment where the Obligor is in default and the Servicer believes that such amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment is appropriate or necessary to preserve the value of the Receivable and to prevent the Receivable from becoming further impaired;

 

  (v)

any other extension, deferral, amendment, modification, alteration, temporary reduction in payment, or adjustment (A) which is in accordance with the Servicer’s Customary Servicing Practices and (B) the Servicer believes that such amendment, modification, alteration or adjustment is appropriate or necessary to preserve the value of such Receivable and to prevent such Receivable from going into default (or, where the Receivable is already in default, to prevent the Receivable from becoming further impaired); or

 

  (vi)

an opinion has been delivered to the Issuing Entity and the Administrator to the effect that such extension, deferral, amendment, modification, alteration, temporary reduction in payment or adjustment will not cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Servicer may not reduce the APR or Principal Balance with respect to any Receivable, in either case other than as required by Applicable Law or court order, at the direction of a regulatory authority, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel in accordance with regulatory guidance or in accordance with the Servicer’s compliance procedures for complying with the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act and any similar applicable federal, state or local law. If the Servicer reduces the APR or Principal Balance of any Receivable other than as permitted, then the Servicer will pay the Actual Loss Amount with respect to such Receivable in accordance with Section 2.6. Additionally, if the Servicer extends the date for final payment by the Obligor of any Receivable beyond the last day of the Collection Period preceding the latest Final Scheduled Distribution Date of all classes of Notes issued under the Indenture, then the Servicer shall pay the Actual Loss Amount (if any) with respect to such Receivable in accordance with Section 2.6.

 

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(c) The Servicer may in its discretion waive any late payment charge or any other fees that constitute Supplemental Servicing Fees that may be collected in the ordinary course of servicing a Receivable. The Servicer is not required to make any advances of funds or guarantees regarding collections, cash flows or distributions. Nothing in any section of this Agreement shall be construed to prevent the Servicer from implementing new programs, whether on an intermediate, pilot or permanent basis, or on a regional or nationwide basis, or from modifying its standards, policies and procedures as long as, in each case, such programs or modifications would be consistent with its Customary Servicing Practices.

SECTION 2.3 Realization Upon Receivables. (a) On behalf of the Grantor Trust, the Servicer will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its Customary Servicing Practices, to repossess or otherwise convert the ownership of the Financed Vehicle securing any Receivable as to which the Servicer has determined that eventual payment in full is unlikely, unless it determines in its sole discretion that repossession will not increase the Liquidation Proceeds by an amount greater than the expense of such repossession, that the proceeds ultimately recoverable with respect to such Receivable would be increased by forbearance or that repossessing such Financed Vehicle would otherwise not be consistent with the Servicer’s Customary Servicing Practices. The Servicer will use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its Customary Servicing Practices to maximize net proceeds from the repossession of a Financed Vehicle and follow such Customary Servicing Practices as it deems necessary or advisable, which may include selling the Financed Vehicle at public or private sale. The foregoing will be subject to the provision that, in any case in which the Financed Vehicle has suffered damage, the Servicer shall not be required to expend funds in connection with the repair or the repossession of such Financed Vehicle.

(b) In addition, the Servicer may from time to time (but is not required to) sell any Charged-Off Receivables on behalf of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices; provided, however, (1) that each sale must be made at a price equal to the fair market value of such Charged-Off Receivable in immediately available funds and (2) the aggregate Unpaid Charged-Off Balances of Charged-Off Receivables sold to Third-Party Purchasers shall not exceed 15% of the Pool Balance as of the Cutoff Date. To facilitate any such sale the Servicer may, in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices, purchase from the Grantor Trust such Charged-Off Receivable for a purchase price equal to the proceeds received by the Servicer from a Third Party Purchaser for the sale of such Charged-Off Receivable or may (i) direct the Grantor Trust to sell any Charged-Off Receivable to a Third Party Purchaser or (ii) direct the Grantor Trust to enter into one or more Forward Commitment Transfers in connection with the sale of a Charged-Off Receivable. Subject to clause (c) below, net proceeds of any such sale allocable to the Receivable will constitute Liquidation Proceeds, and the sole right of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee with respect to any such sold Receivables will be to receive such Liquidation Proceeds. Upon such sale, the Servicer will mark its computer records indicating that any such sold Receivable is no longer a Receivable. The Servicer is authorized to take any and all actions necessary or appropriate on behalf of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to evidence the sale of the Financed Vehicle at a public or private sale or the sale of the Receivable to the Servicer to facilitate a Charged-Off Receivable sale pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph, in each case, free from any Lien or other interest of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Indenture Trustee.

 

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(c) Each of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee hereby agrees that the Servicer may, in connection with any sale of a Charged-Off Receivable contemplated by clause (b) above and in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices, (i) make representations and warranties (to the extent not more expansive than the representations and warranties in Section 4.1) and provide indemnities (to the extent not more than more expansive than the indemnities set forth in Section 4.2) for the benefit of the Third-Party Purchaser if and to the extent required by such Third-Party Purchaser, (ii) reimburse the Third-Party Purchaser’s costs in the event such Charged-Off Receivable, at the time of sale to such Third-Party Purchaser, was an Unenforceable Receivable, and such reimbursement shall be deemed to be a Liquidation Expense (provided, that such deemed Liquidation Expense shall not exceed the Purchase Price of such Charged-Off Receivable), and (iii) execute all agreements and documents reasonably required to be executed by the Servicer in connection with any sale of a Charged-Off Receivable; provided, however, that any such agreement be consistent with the terms hereof and impose no greater duties, liabilities or obligations upon the Servicer, the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, or the Indenture Trustee than those set forth in the Transaction Documents.

SECTION 2.4 Maintenance of Security Interests in Financed Vehicles. The Servicer shall, in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices, take such steps as are necessary to re-perfect or continue the priority and perfection of the security interest created by each Receivable in the related Financed Vehicle (it being understood that the Servicer shall have no obligation to monitor or otherwise maintain the perfection of the security interest created by a Receivable in the related Financed Vehicle). The Issuing Entity, Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee hereby authorize the Servicer to take such steps as are necessary to re-perfect such security interest created by the Receivable in the event of the relocation of a Financed Vehicle or for any other reason.

SECTION 2.5 Additional Covenants of Servicer.

(a) Unless required by Applicable Law or court order, at the direction of a regulatory authority or, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, in accordance with regulatory guidance, the Servicer will not release the Financed Vehicle securing each such Receivable from the security interest granted by such Receivable in whole or in part except (a) in the event of payment in full by or on behalf of the Obligor thereunder or payment in full less a deficiency which the Servicer would not attempt to collect in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices, (b) in connection with the repossession and liquidation of such Financed Vehicle or (c) as may be required by an insurer in order to receive proceeds from any Insurance Policy covering such Financed Vehicle.

(b) Except to the extent required by Applicable Law or court order, at the direction of a regulatory authority or, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, in accordance with regulatory guidance, the Servicer shall not do anything to materially impair the rights of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Noteholders or the Certificateholders in the Receivables or to cause the Receivables to no longer satisfy the requirements for “control” of electronic chattel paper under the UCC.

 

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SECTION 2.6 Indemnification upon Breach. The Servicer, the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity or the Indenture Trustee shall inform the other parties promptly, in writing, (i) in the case of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee, if a Responsible Officer has actual knowledge of or receives written notice of, and (ii) in the case of the Servicer, upon the discovery or receipt of notice by a Responsible Officer of the Servicer of any breach of Sections 2.2(b) or 2.5 which would require the Servicer to make an Actual Loss Payment in accordance with Section 3.3(a) and, except for a breach of Section 2.2(b), any breach that materially and adversely affects the interests of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Certificateholders, the Indenture Trustee or the Noteholders, taken as a whole; provided, however, that the failure to give such notice shall not affect any obligation of the Servicer hereunder. Unless such breach shall have been cured in all material respects by the thirtieth (30th) day following such discovery or receipt of notice of such breach, such Receivable shall become an Indemnified Receivable and the Servicer shall make an Actual Loss Payment (if any) in accordance with Section 3.3(a). Except as provided in Section 2.2 and Section 4.2, the sole and exclusive remedy of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Backup Servicer, the Noteholders and the Certificateholders with respect to a breach of Sections 2.2(b) or 2.5 with respect to any Receivable shall be to require the Servicer to make a payment to the Grantor Trust equal to the Actual Loss Amount in accordance with Section 3.3(a) (and such breach shall not be a Servicer Termination Event).

SECTION 2.7 Servicing Fee. The Servicing Fee for the initial Distribution Date shall equal the product of (i) 23/360 of the Servicing Fee Rate, multiplied by (ii) the Initial Pool Balance. Thereafter, the Servicing Fee for any Distribution Date shall equal (a) with respect to the Initial Servicer, the product of (A) one-twelfth of the Servicing Fee Rate, multiplied by (B) the Pool Balance as of the opening of business on the first day of the related Collection Period and (b) with respect to the Successor Servicer if the Backup Servicer, (A) one-twelfth of the Successor Servicing Fee Rate (Backup Servicer), multiplied by (B) the Pool Balance as of the opening of business on the first day of the related Collection Period, or (c) with respect to any other Successor Servicer, the fee payable to such Successor Servicer. In addition to the Servicing Fee, the Servicer and any Successor Servicer shall be entitled to receive Supplemental Servicing Fees and Liquidation Expenses in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture and is entitled to retain all Investment Earnings (net of losses and investment expenses) on the funds in its Depository Accounts. The Indenture Trustee may make arrangements for compensation to be paid to the Successor Servicer, which in no event may be greater than the servicing compensation to the Servicer hereunder, unless consented to by the Requisite Noteholders. Notwithstanding anything else herein to the contrary, in no event shall the Indenture Trustee be liable for any Servicing Fee or for any differential in the amount of the Servicing Fee paid hereunder and the amount necessary to induce any Successor Servicer to act as Successor Servicer under this Agreement and the transactions set forth or provided for herein.

 

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SECTION 2.8 Servicers Certificate; Asset-Level Data.

(a) No later than 10:00 a.m. Mountain Standard Time on each Determination Date, the Servicer shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee, the Administrator, each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Backup Servicer and the Paying Agent with respect to the Trust Agreement (or if there is no such Paying Agent under the Trust Agreement, to the Owner Trustee) the Servicer’s Certificate, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, which the Indenture Trustee shall make available electronically to each Noteholder and Certificateholder and which shall contain all information necessary to make the distributions pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture (including, if required, withdrawals from the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account) for the Collection Period preceding the date of such Servicer’s Certificate and at least the following information (to the extent applicable and subject to Section 2.8(d)):

(i) the amount of such distribution allocable to principal of each class of Notes;

(ii) the amount of such distribution allocable to interest on each class of Notes;

(iii) the Pool Balance;

(iv) the outstanding principal amount and the Note Pool Factor for each Class of Notes as of such Distribution Date, after giving effect to payments allocated to principal reported under (i) above;

(v) the amount of distributions allocable to the Certificateholders;

(vi) the Servicing Strip Amount, the Servicing Fee, any Supplemental Servicing Fees and liquidation expense reimbursements paid to the Servicer with respect to the related Collection Period, the amount of any unpaid Servicing Strip Amount, any unpaid Servicing Fees, any unpaid Supplemental Servicing Fees and any unpaid Liquidation Expenses, and the change in such amount from that of the prior Distribution Date;

(vii) the Backup Servicing Fee paid to the Backup Servicer with respect to the related Collection Period and the amount of any unpaid Backup Servicing Fees, and the change in such amount from that of the prior Distribution Date;

(viii) the amount, if any, of the Class A Interest Carryover Shortfall, the Class B Interest Carryover Shortfall, the Class C Interest Carryover Shortfall, the Class D Interest Carryover Shortfall and the Class N Interest Carryover Shortfall, if any, on such Distribution Date, and the change in such amounts from the preceding Distribution Date;

(ix) the amount, if any, of the First Priority Principal Distributable Amount, the Second Priority Principal Distributable Amount, the Third Priority Principal Distributable Amount, the Fourth Priority Principal Distributable Amount, and the Noteholders’ Regular Principal Distributable Amount on such Distribution Date, and the change in such amounts from the preceding Distribution Date;

 

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(x) any amounts paid to the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Collateral Custodian or the Administrator incurred pursuant to the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Grantor Trust Agreement, this Servicing Agreement, the Asset Representations Review Agreement, the Collateral Custodian Agreement or the Administration Agreement, respectively, paid pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture;

(xi) the number of Receivables and the aggregate Principal Balance thereon, for which the related Obligors are delinquent in making scheduled payments between thirty-one (31) and sixty (60) days, sixty-one (61) and ninety (90) days and ninety-one (91) and one hundred twenty (120) days;

(xii) the number and the aggregate Purchase Amount of Receivables that became Purchased Receivables and any Receivables purchased pursuant to Section 6.1 during the related Collection Period;

(xiii) the aggregate indemnification amounts, if any, paid by the Servicer pursuant to Section 2.6 during the related Collection Period;

(xiv) (A) the number of Receivables extended (computed as the number of whole months extended, or fractions thereof) during the preceding Collection Period, (B) the aggregate Principal Balance (as of the beginning of the preceding Collection Period) for such Receivables, (C) the number of all Receivables in the Grantor Trust as of the beginning of the preceding Collection Period, (D) the Pool Balance as of the beginning of the preceding Collection Period and (E) the ratio of (A) over (C) and the ratio of (B) over (D);

(xv) the amount deposited in or withdrawn from the Reserve Account on such Distribution Date and the amount on deposit in the Reserve Account before and after giving effect to such deposit or withdrawal;

(xvi) the amount withdrawn from the Class N Reserve Account on such Distribution Date and the amount on deposit in the Class N Reserve Account after giving effect to such withdrawal;

(xvii) the amount of the distributions payable out of amounts withdrawn from the Reserve Account;

(xviii) the amount of the distributions payable out of amounts withdrawn from the Class N Reserve Account;

(xix) delinquency and loss information on the Receivables for the related Collection Period, and whether the Delinquency Trigger occurred;

(xx) the number and amount of Receivables at the beginning and end of the related Collection Period, the weighted average annual percentage rate of the Receivables and the weighted average remaining term of the Receivables;

 

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(xxi) if applicable, the amount of receivables with respect to which material breaches of pool asset representations or warranties or transaction covenants have occurred during the related Collection Period;

(xxii) if applicable, any material modifications, extensions or waivers relating to the terms of or fees, penalties or payments on, pool assets during the Collection Period or that, cumulatively, have become material over time;

(xxiii) if applicable, a statement that the Administrator has received a communication request from a Noteholder interested in communicating with other Noteholders regarding the possible exercise of rights under the Transaction Documents, the name and contact information for the requesting Noteholder and the date such request was received;

(xxiv) if applicable, information with respect to any change in the Asset Representations Reviewer;

(xxv) if applicable, a summary of the findings and conclusions of any Asset Representations Review conducted by the Asset Representations Reviewer;

(xxvi) if applicable, the nature and amount of any material change in the Sponsor’s or an Affiliate’s interest in the Notes or Certificates from their purchase, sale or other disposition;

(xxvii) if applicable, the commencement of an Arbitration proceeding relating to a Repurchase Request and instructions for the Noteholders to participate in any such proceeding; and

(xxviii) if applicable, any voting instructions and procedures relating to a vote to require an Asset Representations Review.

Each amount set forth pursuant to clauses (i), (ii) or (v), as applicable, above shall be expressed as a dollar amount per $1,000 of original principal balance of a Note or Percentage Interest of a Certificate. Not later than the first Business Day prior to each Determination Date, the Sponsor will provide the Servicer with any information to be included in the Servicer’s Certificate under clause (xii), clause (xxi) and clauses (xxiii) through (xxviii), as applicable.

The Indenture Trustee shall make available to each Rating Agency and to each Noteholder and each Certificateholder of record, via the Indenture Trustee’s website, the statement available each month and, with the consent or at the direction of the Servicer, such other information regarding the Notes and the Certificates and/or the Receivables as the Indenture Trustee may have in its possession, but only with the use of a password provided by the Indenture Trustee or its agent to such Person. The Indenture Trustee will make no representation or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of such documents and will assume no responsibility therefore.

 

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The Indenture Trustee’s website shall be initially located at “www.CTSLink.com” or at such other address as shall be specified by the Indenture Trustee from time to time in writing to each Rating Agency and to each Noteholder and each Certificateholder of record. In connection with providing access to the Indenture Trustee’s website, the Indenture Trustee may require registration and the acceptance of a disclaimer.

The Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to rely on but shall not be responsible for the content or accuracy of any information provided by third parties for purposes of preparing the statement and shall affix thereto any disclaimer it deems appropriate in its reasonable discretion (without suggesting liability on the part of any other party hereto).

(b) Each Servicer’s Certificate will be delivered in electronic format. No disbursements shall be made directly by the Servicer to a Noteholder or a Certificateholder, and the Servicer shall not be required to maintain any investor record relating to the posting of disbursements or otherwise.

(c) The Servicer will provide certain asset-level information contemplated by Item 1125 of Regulation AB as agreed in writing by the Servicer, the Depositor and the Sponsor.

(d) For the avoidance of doubt, the Servicer makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy, truthfulness or correctness of any information provided by the Sponsor or the Seller that is incorporated, directly or indirectly and in conformity with the information provided by the Sponsor or the Seller, into the Servicer’s Certificates or other information furnished or to be furnished by the Servicer (including information provided by the Sponsor to the Servicer pursuant to Section 2.8(a), information provided by the Servicer to the Backup Servicer or information provided pursuant to Section 2.8(c)).

SECTION 2.9 Annual Officers Certificate; Notice of Servicing Termination Event.

(a) The Servicer will deliver to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, with a copy to the Indenture Trustee, on or before March 15 of each year, beginning on March 15, 2023, an Officer’s Certificate (with appropriate insertions) providing such information as is required under Item 1123 of Regulation AB.

(b) The Servicer will deliver to the Issuing Entity, with a copy to the Indenture Trustee, promptly after having obtained knowledge thereof, but in no event later than five (5) Business Days thereafter, written notice in an Officer’s Certificate of any event which has occurred and is continuing, with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, unless cured, would become a Servicer Termination Event.

(c) The Servicer will deliver to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust on or before March 15 of each year, beginning on March 15, 2023, a report regarding the Servicer’s assessment of compliance with the Servicing Criteria during the immediately preceding calendar year, including disclosure of any material instance of non-compliance identified by the Servicer, as required under paragraph (b) of Rule 13a-18 and Rule 15d-18 of the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB. Such report shall address each of the Servicing Criteria specified in Exhibit B as applicable to the Servicer or such other criteria as mutually agreed upon by the Depositor and the Servicer.

 

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SECTION 2.10 Servicer Expenses. The Servicer shall pay all expenses (other than Liquidation Expenses) incurred by it in connection with its activities hereunder, including fees and disbursements of independent accountants, taxes imposed on the Servicer and expenses incurred in connection with distributions and reports to the Noteholders, the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee, the Backup Servicer and the Certificateholders. The Servicer will not be entitled to reimbursement of such expenses except for Liquidation Expenses and fees and expenses included in Supplemental Servicing Fees.

SECTION 2.11 Annual Registered Public Accounting Firm Attestation Report.

(a) On or before the ninetieth (90th) day following the end of each fiscal year, beginning with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, the Servicer shall cause a firm of independent registered public accountants (who may also render other services to the Servicer, the Seller or their respective Affiliates) to furnish to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust, with a copy to the Indenture Trustee, an attestation report on assessments of compliance with the Servicing Criteria with respect to the Servicer during the related fiscal year delivered by such accountants pursuant to paragraph (c) of Rule 13a-18 or Rule 15d-18 of the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB. The certification required by this paragraph may be replaced by any similar certification using other procedures or attestation standards which are now or in the future in use by servicers of comparable assets, or which otherwise comply with any rule, regulation, “no action” letter or similar guidance promulgated by the Commission.

(b) Notwithstanding Section 2.11(a), the Servicer, however, shall not be obligated to add as an addressee or reliance party with respect to any report described above any Person who does not comply with or agree to the required procedures of such firm of independent certified public accountants, including but not limited to execution of engagement letters or access letters regarding such reports.

(c) The Indenture Trustee shall not be required to agree to the procedures to be performed by such independent certified public accountants in any of the reports required to be prepared pursuant to this Section 2.11.

SECTION 2.12 Exchange Act Filings. The Servicer shall not be responsible for preparing, signing, certifying and filing or furnishing any reports, statements or information respecting the Issuing Entity and/or the Notes required to be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act, and the rules thereunder.

ARTICLE III

DISTRIBUTIONS; ACCOUNTS

SECTION 3.1 Depository Accounts; Post-Office Boxes. The Servicer shall establish and maintain (or cause to be established and maintained) the Depository Accounts and the Post-Office Boxes at a United States Post Office.

 

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In the event that the Servicer or its Affiliate shall for any reason no longer be maintaining the Depository Accounts pursuant to this Section 3.1, the Servicer shall deliver, or shall cause to be delivered, at its own expense, to the Successor Servicer all documents and records relating to the Depository Accounts and an accounting of amounts collected and held in the Depository Accounts and shall otherwise, in a manner not inconsistent with the Master Agency Agreement, if applicable, use its best efforts to effect the orderly and efficient transfer of the Depository Accounts and Post-Office Boxes to the Successor Servicer.

SECTION 3.2 Remittances. (a) On each Business Day after the Closing Date, the Servicer shall deposit (or cause to be deposited) any payments relating to the Receivables received in one of the Post-Office Boxes to one of the Depository Accounts. The Servicer shall, subject to clause (b) below, deposit (or cause to be deposited) all Collections on the Receivables into the Collection Account within two (2) Business Days following identification thereof. If the Backup Servicer becomes the Servicer and becomes responsible for maintaining the Depository Accounts pursuant to Section 3.1 hereof, the Backup Servicer may comingle payments with its own funds, as applicable, but shall hold such payments in trust for the benefit of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee, segregated from the assets of the Backup Servicer or anyone else, as applicable, and shall, as soon as possible but no later than two (2) Business Days following identification deposit such payments in one of the Depository Accounts.

(b) The Servicer may deduct from Collections to be deposited into the Collection Account all Unrelated Amounts and Supplemental Servicing Fees to the extent Unrelated Amounts and Supplemental Servicing Fees have not been previously reimbursed to the Servicer.

SECTION 3.3 Additional Deposits and Payments. (a) The Servicer shall deposit (or cause to be deposited) into the Collection Account the Actual Loss Amount with respect to each Indemnified Receivable, in immediately available funds, within five (5) Business Days after the applicable Loss Calculation Date with respect to such Indemnified Receivable.

(b) The Servicer will deposit into the Collection Account all amounts, if any, to be paid under Section 6.1. All such deposits with respect to any such date which is a Distribution Date will be made, in immediately available funds by the close of business on the Business Day prior to such Distribution Date related to such Collection Period.

ARTICLE IV

THE SERVICER

SECTION 4.1 Representations and Warranties of the Servicer. The Servicer makes the following representations and warranties as of the Closing Date on which the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust will be deemed to have relied in acquiring the Receivables and which will survive the conveyance of the Receivables to the Issuing Entity, the contribution to the Grantor Trust and the pledge thereof to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to the Indenture:

(a) Existence and Power. The Servicer is an Arizona limited liability company validly existing and in good standing under the laws of its state of formation and has, in all material respects, all power and authority to carry on its business as it is now conducted. The Servicer has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in each jurisdiction where the failure to do so would materially and adversely affect the ability of the Servicer to perform its obligations under this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

 

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(b) Authorization and No Contravention. The execution, delivery and performance by the Servicer of this Agreement (i) have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Servicer and (ii) do not contravene or constitute a default under (A) any Applicable Law, (B) its organizational documents or (C) any material agreement, contract, order or other instrument to which it is a party or its property is subject (other than violations of such laws, rules, regulations, indentures or agreements which do not affect the legality, validity or enforceability of any of such agreements or which, individually or in the aggregate, would not materially and adversely affect the transactions contemplated by, or the Servicer’s ability to perform its obligations under, this Agreement).

(c) No Consent Required. No approval or authorization by, or filing with, any Governmental Authority is required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Servicer of this Agreement other than (i) UCC filings, (ii) approvals and authorizations that have previously been obtained and filings that have previously been made and (iii) approvals, authorizations or filings which, if not obtained or made, would not have a material adverse effect on the enforceability or collectability of the Receivables or would not materially and adversely affect the ability of the Servicer to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

(d) Binding Effect. This Agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Servicer enforceable against the Servicer in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, receivership, conservatorship or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and, if applicable, the rights of creditors of corporations from time to time in effect or by general principles of equity.

(e) No Proceedings. There are no Proceedings pending or, to the knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Servicer, threatened against the Servicer before or by any Governmental Authority that (i) assert the invalidity or unenforceability of this Agreement or (ii) seek any determination or ruling that would materially and adversely affect the performance by the Servicer of its obligations under this Agreement.

SECTION 4.2 Indemnities of Servicer. The Servicer will be liable in accordance herewith only to the extent of the obligations specifically undertaken by the Servicer under this Agreement, and hereby agrees to the following:

(a) The Servicer will indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Collateral Custodian, the Backup Servicer and the Seller and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents from and against any and all costs (including reasonable legal fees and related costs), expenses, losses, claims, damages, and liabilities to the extent that such cost, expense, loss, claim, damage, or liability arose out of, or was imposed upon any such Person through, the negligence (other than errors in judgment), willful misfeasance or bad faith of the Servicer in the performance of its duties under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which it is a party, or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and

 

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duties under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which it is a party, or by reason of breach of any representations or warranties made herein by the Servicer (excluding, however, costs, expenses, losses, claims, damages and liabilities to the extent resulting from the negligence (or gross negligence (except for errors in judgment) in the case where the Owner Trustee, Grantor Trust Trustee, Indenture Trustee or Collateral Custodian is seeking indemnification) or willful misconduct on the part of the indemnified party or breach of any Transaction Document by the indemnified party (in the case of the Indenture Trustee and Collateral Custodian, resulting from the Indenture Trustee’s or the Collateral Custodian’s negligence or willful misconduct)). Such indemnification shall include any amounts incurred by an indemnified party in connection with the enforcement of the Servicer’s indemnification.

(b) Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Servicer shall not be liable under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document for any special, consequential or punitive damages whatsoever, whether in contract, tort or any other legal or equitable principle; provided, however, that such limitation shall not be applicable with respect to indemnification obligations for third-party claims made against a party.

(c) Indemnification under this Section 4.2 by the Initial Servicer (or any successor thereto pursuant to Section 5.1), as Servicer, with respect to the period such Person was the Servicer, will survive the termination of such Person as Servicer or a resignation by such Person as Servicer as well as the resignation or removal of any other party or the termination or assignment of this Agreement. If the Servicer has made any indemnity payments pursuant to this Section 4.2 and the Person to or on behalf of whom such payments are made thereafter collects any of such amounts from others, such Person will promptly repay such amounts to the Servicer, without interest. If the Backup Servicer becomes the Servicer, the Backup Servicer shall continue to have the benefit of this Section 4.2 for the period of time in which it was the Backup Servicer.

(d) The Servicer agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Sponsor, the Depositor, and each person, if any, who controls the Sponsor and the Depositor within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) whatsoever, as incurred that arises out of or in connection with: (1) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in, or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated or necessary to make the statements, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading in, the information under the headings “Servicer”, “Servicing Procedures”, and “The Transaction Documents—The Servicing Agreement and Servicing of the Receivables”, in each case as set forth in (i) the Registration Statement at the time of first effectiveness on March 18, 2022, (ii) the Preliminary Prospectus, (iii) each Free Writing Prospectus identified on Schedule I, and (iv) the Prospectus, and (2) any untrue statement of a material fact in the information provided by the Servicer for inclusion in each Form 10-D and ABS-EE and related exhibits, as set forth in Schedule II.

(e) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Servicer under this Section 4.2, notify the Servicer of the commencement thereof; but the omission to so notify the Servicer will not relieve it from any liability which it

 

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may have to any indemnified party, unless, and then only to the extent that, the Servicer did not otherwise learn of the claim and such delay is materially prejudicial to the Servicer’s ability to defend or to obtain coverage under the Servicer’s insurance policy for such claim. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the Servicer of the commencement thereof, the Servicer will be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it may wish and solely with respect to the allegations in such action for which the indemnified party intends to make a claim against the Servicer pursuant to this Section 4.2, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party, and after notice from the Servicer to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the Servicer will not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however, if the defendants in any such action include both the indemnified party and the Servicer and the indemnified party shall have been advised by counsel that a conflict of interest prevents the indemnified party and the Servicer having the same counsel, the indemnified party or parties shall have the right to select a single separate counsel to assume such legal defenses and to otherwise participate in the defense of such action on behalf of such indemnified party or parties, and the Servicer will reimburse any reasonable legal expenses incurred by the indemnified party having separate counsel, as a result of any such conflict, as incurred. The Servicer shall not, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement of any pending or threatened action in respect of which any indemnified party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on any claims that are the subject matter of such action and any related future claims.

SECTION 4.3 Limitation on Liability of Servicer and Others. (a) The Servicer will be liable under this Agreement only to the extent of the obligations specifically undertaken by the Servicer under this Agreement and the representations and warranties made by the Servicer hereunder. Neither the Servicer nor any of the directors or officers or employees or agents of the Servicer will be under any liability to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Collateral Custodian, the Backup Servicer, the Seller, the Noteholders or the Certificateholders, except as provided in Section 4.2 of this Agreement and as otherwise provided under this Agreement, for any action taken or for refraining from the taking of any action pursuant to this Agreement or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that this provision will not protect the Servicer or any such Person against any liability that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misfeasance or bad faith in the performance of duties or by reason of its failure to perform its obligations or of reckless disregard of obligations and duties under this Agreement, or by reason of negligence in the performance of its duties under this Agreement (except for errors in judgment). The Servicer and any director, officer or employee or agent of the Servicer may rely in good faith on any Opinion of Counsel or on any Officer’s Certificate of the Seller or certificate of auditors believed to be genuine and to have been signed by the proper party in respect of any matters arising under this Agreement. Additionally, the Servicer shall not be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations or the taking of any action under this Agreement if that failure or delay arises from compliance by the Servicer with any Applicable Law or court order or the direction of a regulatory authority.

 

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(b) Except as explicitly provided in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, the Servicer will not be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any legal action that is not necessary in furtherance of its duties to service the Receivables in accordance with this Agreement and its Customary Servicing Practices.

SECTION 4.4 Delegation of Duties. The Servicer may, at any time without notice or consent, delegate (a) any or all of its duties under the Transaction Documents to any of its Affiliates or (b) specific duties to sub-contractors who are in the business of performing such duties; provided, that no such delegation shall relieve the Servicer of its responsibility with respect to such duties and the Servicer shall remain obligated and liable to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee for its duties hereunder as if the Servicer alone were performing such duties.

SECTION 4.5 The Servicer Not to Resign as Servicer. Subject to the provisions of Sections 4.3 and 4.4, the Servicer will not resign from the obligations and duties hereby imposed on it as Servicer under this Agreement except upon a determination that the performance of its duties under this Agreement is not permissible under Applicable Law. Notice of any such determination permitting the resignation of the Servicer will be communicated to the Indenture Trustee and the Backup Servicer by the Servicer at the earliest practicable time (and, if such communication is not in writing, will be confirmed in writing at the earliest practicable time) and any such determination will be evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel to such effect delivered to the Indenture Trustee and the Backup Servicer concurrently with or promptly after such notice. No such resignation will become effective until a Successor Servicer has assumed the responsibilities and obligations of the Servicer. If, after the Servicer gives notice of its intent to resign or is removed, a Successor Servicer does not take office within (a) sixty (60) days or (b) such earlier time period set forth in the Backup Servicing Agreement under which the Backup Servicer is required to assume the obligations of the predecessor Servicer, the retiring Servicer, the Issuing Entity or the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class of Notes may petition a court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment and designation of a Successor Servicer.

SECTION 4.6 Servicer May Own Notes and Certificates. The Servicer, and any Affiliate of the Servicer, may, in its individual or any other capacity, become the owner or pledgee of Notes and Certificates with the same rights as it would have if it were not the Servicer or an Affiliate thereof, except as otherwise expressly provided herein or in the other Transaction Documents. Except as set forth herein or in the other Transaction Documents, Notes and Certificates so owned by or pledged to the Servicer or such Affiliate will have an equal and proportionate benefit under the provisions of this Agreement, without preference, priority or distinction as among all of the Noteholders and Certificateholders.

 

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ARTICLE V

REPLACEMENT OF SERVICER

SECTION 5.1 Replacement of Servicer.

(a) If a Servicer Termination Event shall have occurred and be continuing, the Indenture Trustee may, and at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders (or, if no Notes (other than Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders) shall, by notice given to the Servicer, the Owner Trustee, the Issuing Entity, the Administrator, the Certificateholders and the Noteholders, terminate the rights and obligations of the Servicer under this Agreement with respect to the Receivables. In the event the Servicer is removed or resigns as Servicer with respect to servicing the Receivables, all authority and power of the Servicer under this Agreement shall, without further action, pass to and be vested in (i) the Backup Servicer; or (ii) if the Backup Servicer has been terminated, such Successor Servicer as may be approved under clause (b) below.

(b) Upon the Servicer’s receipt of notice of termination pursuant to clause (a) above or the Servicer’s resignation in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the predecessor Servicer shall continue to perform its functions as Servicer under this Agreement, only until the Backup Servicer (or another Successor Servicer) has assumed the obligations of the predecessor Servicer in the time period set forth in the Backup Servicing Agreement. The Indenture Trustee shall give the Backup Servicer written notice of the Servicer’s termination or resignation. In the event of termination or resignation of the Servicer hereunder, the Backup Servicer shall assume the obligations of Servicer hereunder (except to the extent otherwise set forth in the Backup Servicing Agreement) by the Appointment Effective Date set forth in the Backup Servicing Agreement. In the event the Backup Servicer does not assume the role of Successor Servicer, the Requisite Noteholders (or if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) have been paid in full, the Issuing Entity acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders) shall appoint another Person as Successor Servicer, who shall assume the obligations of Servicer hereunder (except to the extent otherwise set forth herein or within any agreement with such Successor Servicer) on the assumption date specified in such written notice (the “Assumption Date”) pursuant to this Agreement. The amount of the Servicing Fee payable to (1) the Backup Servicer as Successor Servicer shall be the Successor Servicing Fee Rate (Backup Servicer) and (2) any Successor Servicer (excluding the Backup Servicer) shall be any rate pursuant to this Agreement in an amount acceptable to the Requisite Noteholders and shall not exceed the Servicing Strip Amount unless otherwise agreed to by the Requisite Noteholders; provided that, in no event shall the amount of the Servicing Fee payable to the predecessor Servicer be less than the pro rata share of the Servicing Fee due to such predecessor Servicer based on the number of days such predecessor Servicer served as Servicer in the related Collection Period. The Backup Servicer shall act as Successor Servicer unless it is legally unable to do so, in which event the predecessor Servicer shall continue to act as Servicer until a successor acceptable to the Requisite Noteholders has been appointed and accepted such appointment. In the event that a successor Servicer has not been appointed and the Backup Servicer is legally unable to act at the time when the predecessor Servicer has ceased to act as Servicer in accordance with this Section 5.1, then the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity or the Requisite Noteholders shall appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a successor to the Servicer under this Agreement at

 

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the expense of the Issuing Entity and paid in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture. If requested by the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee, the Backup Servicer or the Successor Servicer, as applicable, to the extent not inconsistent with the Master Agency Agreement, the Servicer will terminate, or cause to be terminated, any arrangements relating to (A) the Depository Accounts; or (B) the Post-Office Boxes, and give notices thereunder or take other actions with respect thereto, and direct the Obligors to make all payments under the Receivables directly to or at the direction of the Successor Servicer at the predecessor Servicer’s expense (in which event the Successor Servicer shall process such payments directly, through a lock-box account with a lock-box bank or through a third-party payment processing system, in each case, at the direction of the Indenture Trustee acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders).

(c) If replaced, the Servicer agrees that it will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect the orderly and efficient transfer of the servicing of the Receivables to a Successor Servicer. All reasonable costs and expenses incurred in connection with transferring the Receivable Files and Servicer Files to the Successor Servicer and all other reasonable costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees and disbursements) incurred in connection with the transfer to the Successor Servicer related to the performance by the Servicer hereunder will be paid by the predecessor Servicer (or, if not so paid by the predecessor Servicer, in accordance with the priorities set forth in Sections 2.7(c) or 2.7(e) of the Indenture, as applicable) upon presentation of reasonable documentation of such costs and expenses. The Successor Servicer, if the Backup Servicer, shall be entitled to payment for reasonable transaction expenses incurred in connection with acting as Successor Servicer in accordance with the priorities and limits set forth in Section 2.7(a) or 2.7(e) of the Indenture, as applicable. The Servicer shall grant the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee and the Backup Servicer reasonable access to the Servicer’s premises at the predecessor Servicer’s expense as contemplated by, and subject the restrictions set forth in, Section 7.15.

(d) Upon the Appointment Effective Date or the Assumption Date, as applicable, the Backup Servicer or the Successor Servicer, as applicable, shall be the successor in all respects to the Servicer in its capacity as Servicer under this Agreement with respect to the Receivables, and shall be subject to all the responsibilities, duties and liabilities relating thereto, except with respect to the obligations of the predecessor Servicer that survive its termination as Servicer, including indemnification obligations as set forth in Section 4.2(c). In such event, the Indenture Trustee and the Owner Trustee are hereby authorized and empowered (but not obligated) to execute and deliver, on behalf of the predecessor Servicer, as attorney-in-fact or otherwise, any and all documents and other instruments, and to do or accomplish all other acts or things necessary or appropriate to effect the purposes of such termination and replacement of the Servicer, whether to complete the transfer and endorsement of the Receivables and related documents, or otherwise. No Servicer shall resign or be relieved of its duties under this Agreement, as Servicer of the Receivables, until a newly appointed Servicer for the Receivables shall have assumed the responsibilities and obligations of the resigning or terminated Servicer under this Agreement. Without limiting any of the foregoing, under no circumstance shall Vervent Inc. (as Successor Servicer or otherwise) or any other Successor Servicer be deemed to have incurred any obligation to make any advance or provide indemnification for Actual Loss Amounts with respect to any Receivables or any liability or obligation with respect to any Servicer indemnification obligations of any prior servicer including the Initial Servicer.

 

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(e) The Requisite Noteholders (or, if no Notes (other than Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders) may waive any Servicing Termination Event. Upon any such waiver, such Servicing Termination Event shall cease to exist and be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred and any Servicing Termination Event arising therefrom shall be deemed not to have occurred for every purpose of this Agreement, but no such waiver shall extend to any prior, subsequent or other Servicing Termination Event or impair any right consequent thereto.

SECTION 5.2 Notification to Noteholders and Certificateholders. If a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee receives any written notice of a Servicer Termination Event or if the Servicer is terminated or a successor Servicer appointed pursuant to this Article V, then the Indenture Trustee will give prompt (but in no case later than five (5) Business Days) notice of such event to the Owner Trustee (who shall in turn give written notice thereof to the Certificateholders), the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Asset Representations Reviewer and the Noteholders.

ARTICLE VI

OPTIONAL PURCHASE; TERMINATION DATE

SECTION 6.1 Optional Purchase of Trust Estate. On any Distribution Date after the last day of any Collection Period as of which the Pool Balance is equal to or less than the Optional Purchase Balance, the Servicer shall have the option to purchase (and/or designate one or more other Persons (other than the Seller or its consolidated subsidiaries and parent companies) to purchase) the Grantor Trust Collateral. To exercise such option, the Servicer shall cause to be deposited in the Collection Account an amount equal to the greater of (x) the lesser of (1) the Agreed Fair Market Value of the Receivables and (2) the sum of the Principal Balances of the Receivables plus accrued and unpaid interest as of the last day of the related Collection Period where “Agreed Fair Market Value” means the fair market value of the Receivables as agreed to by the Servicer and a majority of the Voting Interests of the Certificates or, at the sole election of the Servicer, the fair market value of the Receivables as determined by an independent accounting firm or appraisal firm engaged by the Servicer and (y) the amount necessary to pay in full (after giving effect to the distribution of Available Funds on such Distribution Date) (1) the Outstanding Amount of all Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) including all accrued and unpaid interest thereon through but excluding the related Distribution Date, (2) the Servicing Strip Amount for the related Collection Period and (3) all amounts then owed to the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee, the Servicer, the Collateral Custodian, the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Administrator and the Backup Servicer. The Servicer (or its designee) may deposit the foregoing purchase price net of any Collections deposited into the Collection Account after the last day of the Collection Period immediately preceding the Distribution Date on which such optional purchase is exercised. Any costs and expenses association with an appraisal by the independent accounting firm or appraisal firm shall be at the expense of the Issuing Entity.

 

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Thereupon, the Servicer shall succeed to all interests of the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity and the Indenture Trustee in and to the property comprising the Grantor Trust Collateral, but not including the Reserve Account which shall remain and be distributed to the Certificateholders pursuant to Section 8.4(b) of the Indenture. The Indenture Trustee shall distribute the amount deposited pursuant to this Section 6.1 in accordance with Section 2.7(c) of the Indenture on such Distribution Date and the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) shall be redeemed pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Indenture. The Servicer shall give notice of such optional purchase to the Paying Agent and the Indenture Trustee sufficient to allow the notices required pursuant to Section 7.1(c) of the Trust Agreement and Article X of the Indenture to be given.

Following the payment in full of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) and all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, the Certificateholders shall succeed to the rights of the Noteholders hereunder and the Indenture Trustee shall continue to perform all obligations and retain all rights of the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Agreement.

SECTION 6.2 Termination Date. This Agreement will terminate on the Distribution Date in the month following the earlier of the final payment or liquidation of all the Receivables or upon the dissolution of the Grantor Trust.

ARTICLE VII

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SECTION 7.1 Amendment.

(a) Any term or provision of this Agreement may be amended by the Servicer without the consent of the Indenture Trustee, the Backup Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, any Noteholder, any Certificateholder the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any other Person subject to the satisfaction of one of the following conditions:

 

  (i)

The Servicer delivers an Opinion of Counsel or an Officer’s Certificate to the Indenture Trustee to the effect that such amendment will not materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders;

 

  (ii)

The Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment; or

 

  (iii)

To cure any ambiguity, correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, or add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Servicer.

(b) This Agreement may also be amended from time to time by the Servicer, with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders, or if no Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders, for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders. It will not be necessary for

 

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the consent of Noteholders or Certificateholders to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it will be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders and Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Indenture Trustee and Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

(c) Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to this Section 7.1, the Servicer shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment to each Rating Agency and the Administrator; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Administrator shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee; provided, that no amendment pursuant to this Section 7.1 shall be effective which materially and adversely affects the rights, protections or duties of the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee without the prior written consent of such Person.

(d) Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to receive and conclusively rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and an Officer’s Certificate of the Seller or the Administrator that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. The Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment which materially and adversely affects the Indenture Trustee’s own rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement, the Transaction Documents or otherwise.

(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

SECTION 7.2 Protection of Title.

(a) The Servicer shall maintain (or shall cause its Subservicer to maintain) in accordance with its Customary Servicing Practices accounts and records as to each Receivable accurately and in sufficient detail to permit (i) the reader thereof to know at any time the status of such Receivable, including payments and recoveries made and payments owing (and the nature of each) and (ii) reconciliation between payments or recoveries on (or with respect to) each Receivable and the amounts from time to time deposited in the Depository Accounts and the Collection Account in respect of such Receivable.

(b) The Servicer shall maintain (or shall cause its Subservicer to maintain) its computer systems so that, from time to time after the conveyance of the Receivables to the Grantor Trust and the grant of security interest to the Indenture Trustee, the master computer records (including any backup archives) that refer to a Receivable shall indicate clearly that such Receivable is owned by the Grantor Trust and has been pledged to the Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Noteholders pursuant to the Indenture. In the event the Backup Servicer has been

 

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appointed as Servicer, the Successor Servicer shall maintain the Receivables on its computer systems in a series of isolated and partitioned branches. Indication of the Grantor Trust’s interest in a Receivable shall not be deleted from or modified on such computer systems until, and only until, the related Receivable shall have been paid in full, repurchased, purchased or sold.

(c) If at any time the Servicer shall propose to sell, grant a security interest in or otherwise transfer any interest in motor vehicle receivables to any prospective purchaser, lender or other transferee, the Servicer shall give to such prospective purchaser, lender or other transferee computer tapes, records or printouts (including any restored from backup archives) that, if they shall refer in any manner whatsoever to any Receivable, shall indicate clearly that such Receivable has been sold and is owned by the Grantor Trust and has been pledged to the Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Noteholders.

SECTION 7.3 Notices, Etc. All demands, notices, and communications upon or to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Servicer, the Backup Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Administrator or each Rating Agency under this Agreement shall be in delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Indenture.

SECTION 7.4 Choice of Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL, SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO THE RULES THEREOF RELATING TO CONFLICTS OF LAW, OTHER THAN SECTIONS 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

SECTION 7.5 Headings. The section headings hereof have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be construed to affect the meaning, construction or effect of this Agreement.

SECTION 7.6 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts. Each counterpart will be an original and all counterparts will together be one document. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

 

  23   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


SECTION 7.7 Waivers. No failure or delay on the part of the Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Noteholders, the Certificateholders, or the Indenture Trustee in exercising any power or right hereunder (to the extent such Person has any power or right hereunder) shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power or right preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other power or right. No notice to or demand on any party hereto in any case shall entitle it to any notice or demand in similar or other circumstances. No waiver or approval by any party hereto under this Agreement shall, except as may otherwise be stated in such waiver or approval, be applicable to subsequent transactions. No waiver or approval under this Agreement shall require any similar or dissimilar waiver or approval thereafter to be granted hereunder.

SECTION 7.8 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents contain a final and complete integration of all prior expressions by the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter thereof and shall constitute the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter thereof, superseding all prior oral or written understandings. There are no unwritten agreements among the parties.

SECTION 7.9 Severability of Provisions. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall be for any reason whatsoever held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement.

SECTION 7.10 Binding Effect. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. This Agreement shall create and constitute the continuing obligations of the parties hereto in accordance with its terms, and shall remain in full force and effect until such time as the parties hereto shall agree.

SECTION 7.11 Cumulative Remedies. The remedies herein provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.

SECTION 7.12 Nonpetition Covenant. None of the parties hereto shall petition or otherwise invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust until one (1) year and one (1) day following the repayment of the Notes.

SECTION 7.13 Submission to Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally:

 

  24   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


(a) submits for itself and its property in any Proceeding relating to this Agreement or any documents executed and delivered in connection herewith, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect thereof, to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York, the courts of the United States of America for the Southern District of New York and appellate courts from any thereof;

(b) consents that any such Proceeding may be brought in such courts and waives any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the venue of such action or Proceeding in any such court or that such action or Proceeding was brought in an inconvenient court and agrees not to plead or claim the same;

(c) agrees that service of process in any such Proceeding may be effected by mailing a copy thereof by registered or certified mail (or any substantially similar form of mail), postage prepaid, to such Person at its address determined in accordance with Section 7.3;

(d) agrees that nothing herein shall affect the right to effect service of process in any other manner permitted by law or shall limit the right to sue in any other jurisdiction; and

(e) to the extent permitted by applicable law, each party hereto irrevocably waives all right of trial by jury in any action, Proceeding or counterclaim based on, or arising out of, under or in connection with this Agreement, any other Transaction Document, or any matter arising hereunder or thereunder.

SECTION 7.14 Limitation of Liability. It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by each of the Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee, not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, respectively, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of each of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee, but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) each of the Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall the either of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable under this Agreement.

 

  25   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


SECTION 7.15 Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and (i) the Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be express third party beneficiaries hereof and may enforce the provisions hereof as if it were a party hereto, (ii) the Depositor shall be an express third party beneficiary of Section 7.16 and may enforce such provisions as if it were a party hereto and (iii) the Sponsor and the Depositor shall be an express third party beneficiary of Section 4.02(d) and may enforce such provisions as if it were a party hereto. Except as otherwise provided in this Section, no other Person will have any right hereunder.

SECTION 7.16 Information Requests. The Servicer shall provide to representatives of the Backup Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust and any Governmental Authority with regulatory oversight authority over the servicing of the Receivables reasonable access consistent with the Servicer’s compliance procedures relating to data privacy and customer information to documentation and electronic information regarding the Receivables. In each case, such access shall be afforded without charge but only upon reasonable request and during normal business hours. In addition, each of the Backup Servicer, the Depositor, the Sponsor and the Administrator may provide to the Servicer a reasonable written request for information related to the Receivables and servicing of the Receivables which information is outside the scope of information specifically to be provided by the Servicer pursuant to this Agreement. The Servicer shall respond to such request within five (5) Business Days or as reasonably shall be agreed between the Servicer and the Backup Servicer, the Depositor, the Sponsor or the Administrator, as applicable. Any costs and expenses incurred by the Servicer in connection with responding to such request (including internal costs allocated to responding to such information request) shall be at the expense of the party making such request. Nothing in this Section 7.16 shall derogate from the obligation of the Servicer to observe any Applicable Law prohibiting disclosure of information regarding the Obligors, and the failure of the Servicer to provide access as provided in this Section 7.16 as a result of such obligation to observe Applicable Law shall not constitute a breach of this Section 7.16. The Servicer shall permit the Grantor Trust, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee, the Backup Servicer, any Governmental Authority with regulatory oversight authority over the servicing of the Receivables and their respective agents at any time upon reasonable notice, during regular business hours and in accordance with Applicable Law prohibiting disclosure of information regarding the Obligors and the Servicer’s compliance procedures relating to data privacy and customer information, to inspect, audit, and make copies of and abstracts from the Servicer’s records regarding any Receivables. Any expenses incurred by the Servicer, the Backup Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Indenture Trustee, and the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust shall be reimbursable by the Issuing Entity in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

[Signatures Follow]

 

  26   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized as of the day and year first above written.

 

BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC,
as Servicer
By:  

                 

Name:  
Title:  

 

  S-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By:   BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

                          

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, as Grantor Trust
By:   BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
By:  

                          

Name:  
Title:  

 

  S-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
By:  

                     

Name:  
Title:  
VERVENT INC., as Backup Servicer
By:  

                     

Name:  
Title:  

 

  S-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE

[On file with Servicer]

 

  Exhibit A-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


EXHIBIT B

SERVICING CRITERIA TO BE ADDRESSED IN

SERVICER’S ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE

The assessment of compliance to be delivered by the Servicer shall address, at a minimum, the criteria identified below as “Servicer Applicable Servicing Criteria”:

 

Servicing Criteria

  

Servicer

Applicable
Servicing Criteria

Reference

  

Criteria

   General Servicing Considerations   
1122(d)(1)(i)    Policies and procedures are instituted to monitor any performance or other triggers and events of default in accordance with the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(1)(ii)    If any material servicing activities are outsourced to third parties, policies and procedures are instituted to monitor the third party’s performance and compliance with such servicing activities.    X
1122(d)(1)(iii)    Any requirements in the transaction agreements to maintain a back-up servicer for the pool assets are maintained.   
1122(d)(1)(iv)    A fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy is in effect on the party participating in the servicing function throughout the reporting period in the amount of coverage required by and otherwise in accordance with the terms of the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(1)(v)   

Aggregation of information, as applicable, is mathematically

accurate and the information conveyed accurately reflects

the information.

   X
   Cash Collection and Administration   
1122(d)(2)(i)    Payments on pool assets are deposited into the appropriate custodial bank accounts and related bank clearing accounts no more than two business days following receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(2)(ii)    Disbursements made via wire transfer on behalf of an obligor or to an investor are made only by authorized personnel.   
1122(d)(2)(iii)    Advances of funds or guarantees regarding collections, cash flows or distributions, and any interest or other fees charged for such advances, are made, reviewed and approved as specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(iv)    The related accounts for the transaction, such as cash reserve accounts or accounts established as a form of overcollateralization, are separately maintained (e.g., with respect to commingling of cash) as set forth in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(v)    Each custodial account is maintained at a federally insured depository institution as set forth in the transaction agreements. For purposes of this criterion, “federally insured depository institution” with respect to a foreign financial institution means a foreign financial institution that meets the requirements of Rule 13k-1(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act.   
1122(d)(2)(vi)    Unissued checks are safeguarded so as to prevent unauthorized access.   
1122(d)(2)(vii)    Reconciliations are prepared on a monthly basis for all asset-backed securities related bank accounts, including custodial accounts and related bank clearing accounts. These reconciliations are (A) mathematically accurate; (B) prepared within 30 calendar days after the bank statement cutoff date, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements; (C) reviewed and approved by someone other than the person who prepared the reconciliation; and (D) contain explanations for reconciling items. These reconciling items are resolved within 90 calendar days of their original identification, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.    X

 

  Exhibit B-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


Servicing Criteria

  

Servicer

Applicable
Servicing Criteria

Reference

  

Criteria

   Investor Remittances and Reporting   
1122(d)(3)(i)    Reports to investors, including those to be filed with the Commission, are maintained in accordance with the transaction agreements and applicable Commission requirements. Specifically, such reports (A) are prepared in accordance with timeframes and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements; (B) provide information calculated in accordance with the terms specified in the transaction agreements; (C) are filed with the Commission as required by its rules and regulations; and (D) agree with investors’ or the trustee’s records as to the total unpaid principal balance and number of pool assets serviced by the Servicer.    X1
1122(d)(3)(ii)    Amounts due to investors are allocated and remitted in accordance with timeframes, distribution priority and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements.    X2
1122(d)(3)(iii)    Disbursements made to an investor are posted within two business days to the Servicer’s investor records, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(3)(iv)    Amounts remitted to investors per the investor reports agree with cancelled checks, or other form of payment, or custodial bank statements.   
   Pool Asset Administration   
1122(d)(4)(i)    Collateral or security on pool assets is maintained as required by the transaction agreements or related asset pool documents.   
1122(d)(4)(ii)    Pool assets and related documents are safeguarded as required by the transaction agreements   
1122(d)(4)(iii)    Any additions, removals or substitutions to the asset pool are made, reviewed and approved in accordance with any conditions or requirements in the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(4)(iv)    Payments on pool assets, including any payoffs, made in accordance with the related pool asset documents are posted to the Servicer’s obligor records maintained no more than two business days after receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements, and allocated to principal, interest or other items (e.g., escrow) in accordance with the related asset pool documents.    X
1122(d)(4)(v)    The Servicer’s records regarding the accounts and the accounts agree with the Servicer’s records with respect to an obligor’s unpaid principal balance.    X
1122(d)(4)(vi)    Changes with respect to the terms or status of an obligor’s account (e.g., loan modifications or re-agings) are made, reviewed and approved by authorized personnel in accordance with the transaction agreements and related pool asset documents.    X
1122(d)(4)(vii)    Loss mitigation or recovery actions (e.g., forbearance plans, modifications and deeds in lieu of foreclosure, foreclosures and repossessions, as applicable) are initiated, conducted and concluded in accordance with the timeframes or other requirements established by the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(4)(viii)    Records documenting collection efforts are maintained during the period a pool asset is delinquent in accordance with the transaction agreements. Such records are maintained on at least a monthly basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements, and describe the entity’s activities in monitoring delinquent pool assets including, for example, phone calls, letters and payment rescheduling plans in cases where delinquency is deemed temporary (e.g., illness or unemployment).    X
1122(d)(4)(ix)    Adjustments to interest rates or rates of return for pool assets with variable rates are computed based on the related pool asset documents.   

 

1 

Other than (c).

2 

Only with respect to remittances to Indenture Trustee.

 

  Exhibit B-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


Servicing Criteria

  

Servicer

Applicable
Servicing Criteria

Reference

  

Criteria

1122(d)(4)(x)    Regarding any funds held in trust for an obligor (such as escrow accounts): (A) such funds are analyzed, in accordance with the obligor’s Account documents, on at least an annual basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements; (B) interest on such funds is paid, or credited, to obligors in accordance with applicable Account documents and state laws; and (C) such funds are returned to the obligor within 30 calendar days of full repayment of the related Accounts, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xi)    Payments made on behalf of an obligor (such as tax or insurance payments) are made on or before the related penalty or expiration dates, as indicated on the appropriate bills or notices for such payments, provided that such support has been received by the servicer at least 30 calendar days prior to these dates, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xii)    Any late payment penalties in connection with any payment to be made on behalf of an obligor are paid from the servicer’s funds and not charged to the obligor, unless the late payment was due to the obligor’s error or omission.   
1122(d)(4)(xiii)    Disbursements made on behalf of an obligor are posted within two business days to the obligor’s records maintained by the servicer, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xiv)    Delinquencies, charge-offs and uncollectible accounts are recognized and recorded in accordance with the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(4)(xv)    Any external enhancement or other support, identified in Item 1114(a)(1) through (3) or Item 1115 of Regulation AB, is maintained as set forth in the transaction agreements.   

 

  Exhibit B-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


Schedule I

Free Writing Prospectuses

(as contemplated by Section 4.2(d))

N/A.

 

  Schedule I-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement


Schedule II

Information Provided by the Servicer

(as contemplated by Section 4.2(d))

Asset-level information provided pursuant to Section 2.8(c).

 

  Schedule II-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Servicing Agreement

Exhibit 10.5

 

 

 

BACKUP SERVICING AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuing Entity

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust

and

BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC,

as Servicer

and

VERVENT INC.

as Backup Servicer

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

1.

  DEFINITIONS      1  

2.

  APPOINTMENT      2  

3.

  DUTIES OF BACKUP SERVICER      2  

4.

  BACKUP SERVICER’S FEES      3  

5.

  CONSULTATION REQUIREMENTS      3  

6.

  ACCESS TO RECORDS      3  

7.

  REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES      4  

8.

  INDEMNITY      5  

9.

  LIMITATION OF LIABILITY      6  

10.

  RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL      8  

11.

  TERMINATION.      8  

12.

  CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION      9  

13.

  COUNTERPARTS; ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES      9  

14.

  GOVERNING LAW      10  

15.

  [RESERVED      10  

16.

  NOTICES      10  

17.

  FURTHER ASSURANCES      10  

18.

  ASSIGNMENT      11  

19.

  AMENDMENT      11  

20.

  THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES      12  

21.

  NON-PETITION      12  

22.

  CONCERNING THE TRUSTEE AND TRUST OBLIGATIONS      12  

23.

  RECOURSE AGAINST CERTAIN PARTIES      13  

24.

  INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED BY THE BACKUP SERVICER      13  

 

-i-

CRVNA 2022-P2 Backup Servicing Agreement


BACKUP SERVICING AGREEMENT

This BACKUP SERVICING AGREEMENT, dated as of May 25, 2022 (this “Agreement”), is entered into by and among CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, in its capacity as a client (the “Issuing Entity”), CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, in its capacity as a client (the “Grantor Trust”, together with the Issuing Entity, the “Clients,” and each individually, a “Client”), BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, in its capacity as servicer (the “Servicer”), and VERVENT INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Backup Servicer”).

WHEREAS, Issuing Entity owns 100% of the beneficial interests in the Grantor Trust and the Grantor Trust owns a portfolio of automobile retail installment contracts (the “Receivables”) and such Receivables are serviced by the Servicer (the “Serviced Receivables”);

WHEREAS, the Grantor Trust has pledged the Receivables, and the Issuing Entity has pledged the Grantor Trust Certificate, each pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2022 (the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”), as collateral securing among other things, the Notes issued thereunder (the “Obligations”);

WHEREAS, Backup Servicer is engaged in the business of primary and backup servicing of leases, loans and other financial transactions;

WHEREAS, each Client and Servicer desire that Backup Servicer perform certain backup servicing duties in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, and assume the role of Successor Servicer (as defined below) if the Servicer is terminated under the Servicing Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (the “Servicing Agreement”), among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, and the Backup Servicer; and

WHEREAS, the Backup Servicer is willing to perform the backup servicing duties specified herein and to assume the role of Successor Servicer if so appointed under the terms of the Servicing Agreement pursuant to the conditions described therein and herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements hereinafter set forth, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, each Client, Servicer and the Backup Servicer hereby agree as follows:

1. Definitions. All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

 

  1    CRVNA 2022-P2 Backup Servicing Agreement


2. Appointment.

(a) Each Client, Backup Servicer and Servicer hereby agree that any time during the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the date on which this Agreement is terminated (such period, the “Appointment Period”), following the termination or resignation of the Servicer as the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement, the Backup Servicer shall be appointed as the successor servicer (the “Successor Servicer”). Within 30 days of receipt of notice from the Indenture Trustee (the “Appointment Effective Date”) that, pursuant to Section 5.1 of the Servicing Agreement, the Servicer has been terminated under the Servicing Agreement, or the Servicer has resigned under the Servicing Agreement, Backup Servicer shall assume the duties and rights of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement, subject to the Servicing Agreement Exceptions (as defined below).

(b) Backup Servicer hereby agrees that in the event that Backup Servicer becomes a Successor Servicer during the Appointment Period, (i) Backup Servicer shall be ready, willing and able to assume, and shall assume, Servicer’s responsibilities under the Servicing Agreement, (ii) Backup Servicer shall be entitled to receive the Servicing Fee and reimbursement for any unpaid indemnity amounts and any unpaid transition expenses incurred by it in connection with the transfer of servicing to Backup Servicer (including any boarding fees or other expenses payable to Backup Servicer), in each case, solely as set forth in the Indenture and (iii) all fees set forth herein, including the Backup Servicing Fee, shall no longer be payable to Backup Servicer. Upon the Backup Servicer’s appointment as Successor Servicer, the Backup Servicer shall be entitled to receive a one-time servicing transfer free not to exceed $150,000 in the aggregate.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Backup Servicer shall not be obliged to assume the duties and rights of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement if the Servicer has failed to perform its obligation under Section 3(b) with respect to the calendar month prior to the Backup Servicer’s appointment as Successor Servicer.

(d) The “Servicing Agreement Exceptions” shall be: The Collection Policy shall be the then current collection policies of the Backup Servicer for servicing automobile retail installment contracts similar to the Receivables.

3. Duties of Backup Servicer.

(a) In furtherance of its undertaking in Section 2 above, from and after the date hereof until the Appointment Effective Date, Backup Servicer agrees to perform the Backup Servicer functions as set forth in this Section 3. On and after the Appointment Effective Date, Backup Servicer, as Successor Servicer, shall serve as “Servicer” under the Servicing Agreement.

(b) On or before 10 a.m. Pacific Time three Business Days following the end of each calendar month, Servicer shall transfer to Backup Servicer a detailed master file in computer readable format as reasonably agreed to by Servicer and Backup Servicer (the “Monthly Master File”) for the Serviced Receivables as of the last day of the preceding calendar month, and Backup Servicer shall maintain and store such master file on a secure FTP site.

 

  2    CRVNA 2022-P2 Backup Servicing Agreement


(c) Within five (5) business days of receipt of the Monthly Master File, Backup Servicer shall load the information from the Monthly Master File into Backup Servicer’s data system and provide each Client and the Indenture Trustee with a certificate stating that the Monthly Master File has been received, is in an acceptable format and Backup Servicer is able to begin servicing of the Serviced Receivables within 30 days of receipt of the Monthly Master File.

(d) Backup Servicer shall receive and review the Servicer’s Certificate related to such Monthly Master File. Backup Servicer shall verify the information set forth on Exhibit A hereto, to the extent such information is contained in the Monthly Master File. The verification shall compare the information on the Servicer’s Certificate to the information on Backup Servicer’s data system using the Monthly Master File.

(e) Within five (5) business days of receipt of the Monthly Master File, Backup Servicer will deliver to Servicer, Indenture Trustee and each Client a notice either (i) certifying that it has confirmed the accuracy of the information specified in Exhibit A in the Servicer’s Certificate related to such Monthly Master File, as described above, or (ii) describing any discrepancies discovered in the information specified in Exhibit A hereto contained in the Servicer’s Certificate related to such Monthly Master File.

(f) Servicer agrees to provide Backup Servicer with any information that the Servicer has in its possession (or is able to obtain without undue effort or expense) Backup Servicer may reasonably request that is necessary to perform its obligations hereunder.

(g) Servicer agrees that no information shall be transferred to Backup Servicer that would be restricted under the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI).

(h) Except as provided herein, Backup Servicer shall have no obligation to supervise, verify, monitor or administer the performance of the Servicer and shall have no liability for any action taken or omitted by the Servicer.

4. Backup Servicers Fees. In connection with this Agreement, Issuing Entity shall pay Backup Servicer the fees set forth in Exhibit B attached hereto in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

5. Consultation Requirements. Servicer shall consult fully with Backup Servicer as may be reasonably necessary from time to time for Backup Servicer to perform or carry out its obligations hereunder.

6. Access to Records.

(a) Backup Servicer shall afford to Issuing Entity, Grantor Trust, Indenture Trustee and Servicer and their respective employees, accountants and counsel, reasonable access at reasonable times during normal business hours to books, records, documents and other information concerning the conduct and performance of Backup Servicer of its obligations hereunder.

 

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(b) Servicer shall afford access to Backup Servicer to visit the personnel, offices and property of Servicer or any of its Affiliate delegatees, for the purposes of examining books, records, documents and other information in possession or under control of Servicer or any of its Affiliate delegatees relating to the Receivables and other related property. Additionally, the Backup Servicer may visit the Servicer to discuss any changes in its Collection Policy on an annual basis. Such visits may only be made upon reasonable request and during normal business hours and in accordance with Applicable Law prohibiting disclosure of information regarding the Obligors.

7. Representations and Warranties. Backup Servicer hereby makes the following representations, warranties and covenants as of the date hereof:

(a) Organization and Good Standing. It is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the state of Delaware. It has all licenses, permits and authorizations necessary to transact the business in which it is presently engaged and that are required to perform its services hereunder.

(b) Due Qualification. It is duly qualified to do business and, where necessary, is in good standing as a foreign corporation (or is exempt from such requirements), except where the failure to so qualify or obtain such approvals would not have a material adverse effect on its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

(c) Due Authorization. It has duly authorized, by all necessary action on its part, the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions provided for or contemplated by this Agreement.

(d) No Conflict. Its execution and delivery of this Agreement, its performance of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the fulfillment of the terms hereof applicable to it will not conflict with, result in any breach of any of the material terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, any material indenture, contract, agreement, mortgage, deed of trust or other instrument to which it is a party or by which it or its properties are bound.

(e) No Violation. Its execution and delivery of this Agreement, its performance of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and its fulfillment of the terms hereof applicable to it (i) will not conflict with or violate the organizational documents of the Backup Servicer, (ii) will not conflict with or constitute a default under any applicable provision in any material agreement, contract or other instrument to which the Backup Servicer is a party or by which the Backup Servicer or its properties are bound, and (iii) will not conflict with or violate any law, judgment or governmental rule, regulation or order applicable to it.

(f) No Proceedings. There are no proceedings pending or, to the best of its knowledge, threatened or investigations pending or threatened against it before or by any governmental authority (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that, in its reasonable judgment, would materially and adversely affect its performance of its obligations under this Agreement or (iv) seeking any determination or ruling that would materially and adversely affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement.

 

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(g) All Consents Required. All material authorizations, consents, orders, approvals or other actions of any governmental authority required to be obtained or effected by it in connection with its execution and delivery of this Agreement, its performance of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the fulfillment of the terms hereof applicable to it have been duly obtained or effected and are in full force and effect.

(h) Enforceability. This Agreement constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against it in accordance with the terms hereof, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws now or hereinafter in effect affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights and except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity (whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).

8. Indemnity.

(a) The Issuing Entity agrees to defend, indemnify and hold Backup Servicer and any officers, managers, members, employees or agents of Backup Servicer harmless against any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related costs, judgments, and any other costs, fees, and expenses (collectively, “Losses”) that Backup Servicer may sustain under this Agreement in connection with claims asserted at any time by third parties against Backup Servicer arising out of this Agreement (but not, for the avoidance of doubt, from any Losses after its appointment as the Successor Servicer that arise out of such appointment or with respect to its duties as Successor Servicer except as set forth in the Servicing Agreement), unless such Losses are the result of (i) the breach of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document by Backup Servicer, (ii) Backup Servicer’s failure to comply with requirements of applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations, in performing its duties as Backup Servicer hereunder, (iii) the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of Backup Servicer or (iv) any failure of the representations and warranties made by Backup Servicer hereunder or, in connection herewith to be true and correct in all material respects when made; provided that such indemnities shall only be payable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture. The indemnities in this Section 8 shall include reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and expenses of external counsel in connection with the successful enforcement of their indemnification rights hereunder and shall survive the termination of this Agreement or the removal or resignation of Backup Servicer.

(b) Backup Servicer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold each of the Issuing Entity, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee and the Servicer and their respective shareholders, members, managers, directors, affiliates, assignees, agents, and employees harmless from and against any and all Losses directly arising from (i) Backup Servicer’s gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct, (ii) Backup Servicer’s material breach of this Agreement (including any failure of the representations and warranties made by Backup Servicer hereunder or in connection herewith or any other Transaction Document, to be true and correct in all

 

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material respects), (iii) Backup Servicer’s failure to comply with requirements of applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations or its standard operating procedures in performing its duties hereunder or (iv) any action or omission by the Backup Servicer that compromises the confidentiality or security of Confidential Information (as defined in Section 12). Such indemnification shall include reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses of external counsel in connection with the successful enforcement of their indemnification rights hereunder and shall survive the termination or assignment of this Agreement and the resignation or removal of any indemnified party.

9. Limitation of Liability.

(a) In conjunction with Backup Servicer’s obligations hereunder, Backup Servicer is authorized to accept and rely on all the accounting, records and work of the Servicer, and Backup Servicer shall have no duty, responsibility, obligation, or liability for the acts or omissions of Servicer. The degree of examination of such accounting, records, and work which Backup Servicer deems necessary to complete any conversion and portfolio transfer in connection with Backup Servicer becoming a Successor Servicer shall not be construed as a representation by Backup Servicer of the accuracy of such accounting, records, and work.

(b) Neither Backup Servicer nor any of its members, managers, officers, employees or agents will be under any liability to Servicer, the Issuing Entity, Indenture Trustee or the Grantor Trust or any other Person for any action taken or for refraining from the taking of any action in the capacity as Backup Servicer under this Agreement whether arising from express or implied duties under this Agreement; provided, however, that this provision does not protect Backup Servicer or any such Person against any liability that would otherwise be imposed by reason of (i) the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of Backup Servicer, (ii) the breach of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document by Backup Servicer, (iii) any failure of the representations and warranties made by Backup Servicer hereunder or under any other Transaction Document or in connection herewith or therewith to be true and correct when made, (iv) the failure of Backup Servicer or such Person to comply with requirements of applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations or its standard operating procedures in performing its duties hereunder or (v) any action or omission by the Backup Servicer or such Person that compromises the confidentiality or security of Confidential Information. Backup Servicer and any of its members, managers, officers, employees or agents may rely in good faith on any document of any kind prima facie properly executed and submitted by any Person respecting any matters arising hereunder.

(c) Backup Servicer will have no responsibility and will not be in default hereunder or incur any liability for any failure, error, malfunction or any delay in carrying out any of its duties under this Agreement to the extent such failure, error, malfunction or delay results from Backup Servicer acting in accordance with information prepared or supplied by any Person other than Backup Servicer or the failure of any such other Person to prepare or provide such information. In the event Backup Servicer becomes aware of errors, which in the opinion of Backup Servicer, impairs its ability to perform its services hereunder, Backup Servicer shall immediately notify the Servicer of such errors. Backup

 

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Servicer will have no responsibility, will not be in default and will incur no liability for (i) any act or failure to act of any third party, including the Servicer, (ii) any inaccuracy or omission in a notice or communication received by Backup Servicer from any third party, (iii) the invalidity or unenforceability of any Serviced Receivable under applicable law, (iv) the breach or inaccuracy of any representation or warranty made with respect to any Serviced Receivable, or (v) the acts or omissions of any successor Backup Servicer, in each case, except to the extent arising out of the gross negligence of, willful misconduct of, or breach of this Agreement by the Backup Servicer. Except for the obligations undertaken by Backup Servicer in this Agreement, Backup Servicer will have no obligation to take any action, or to perform any of the duties of the Servicer until such time as Backup Servicer has become the Successor Servicer.

(d) Backup Servicer offers no representations concerning, and shall have no liability hereunder with respect to, the collectability, enforceability or other characteristics of the Serviced Receivables. Backup Servicer shall have no responsibility and shall not be in default hereunder nor incur any liability for any failure, error, malfunction or any delay in carrying out any of its duties under this Agreement if any such failure, error, malfunction or delay results from Backup Servicer acting in accordance with applicable laws, regulations or rules or from acts of God, war or terrorism, insurrection, strikes, stoppages of labor, power or equipment failure or malfunction (including that of any common carrier or transmission line), loss or malfunction of communications or computer (hardware or software) services, emergency conditions, tornado, flood, fire, earthquake or similar event, adverse weather conditions or any other factor, medium, instrumentality or any cause or circumstances, directly or indirectly, where such cause or circumstance is beyond Backup Servicer’s control or for information prepared or supplied by a Person other than Backup Servicer as contemplated hereunder or the failure of any such Person to prepare or provide such information.

(e) EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES MADE BY BACKUP SERVICER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING IN THIS AGREEMENT TO THE CONTRARY, IN NO EVENT SHALL ISSUING ENTITY, GRANTOR TRUST, BACKUP SERVICER OR THE SERVICER BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL OR SPECIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF CURRENCY, FUNDS, DATA, PROFITS OR GOODWILL, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER ISSUING ENTITY, GRANTOR TRUST, BACKUP SERVICER OR THE SERVICER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE LIKELIHOOD OF SUCH LOSS OR DAMAGE AND REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION.

 

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10. Resignation and Removal.

Vervent Inc. may not resign as Backup Servicer except upon a determination that by reason of a change in applicable law the performance of its obligations as Backup Servicer under this Agreement is no longer permissible under Applicable Law in a manner which would result in a material adverse effect on the Backup Servicer, and Indenture Trustee, at the direction of the majority of the Holders of the Notes of the Controlling Class, does not (i) elect to waive the obligations of Backup Servicer to perform the duties that render it legally unable to act or (ii) allow Backup Servicer to delegate those duties to another Person. Any determination permitting the resignation of Backup Servicer must be in the reasonable determination of the Backup Servicer and shall be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel, by outside counsel reasonably acceptable to each Client, as to the Applicable Law that would be violated, delivered to each Client and the Indenture Trustee. No resignation or removal of Vervent Inc. as Backup Servicer shall relieve Vervent Inc. of any liability to which it has previously become subject as Backup Servicer under this Agreement.

11. Termination.

(a) This Agreement may be terminated by the Indenture Trustee, at the direction of the majority of the Holders of the Notes of the Controlling Class, upon the occurrence of any of the following conditions and following one hundred twenty (120) days’ notice to the Backup Servicer and the Rating Agencies:

(i) Backup Servicer shall admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, file a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors or voluntarily suspend payment of its obligations; or

(ii) Backup Servicer commits a material breach of this Agreement (including any failure of the representations and warranties made by the Backup Servicer hereunder or in connection with any other Transaction Document, to be true and correct in all material respects) which has not been cured within sixty (60) days of the Indenture Trustee’s written notice of said breach, acting at the direction of the majority of the Holders of the Notes of the Controlling Class.

(b) This Agreement will be automatically and immediately terminated upon the occurrence of any of the following conditions:

(i) The Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) and the Certificates have been paid in full; or

(ii) Backup Servicer becomes the Successor Servicer pursuant to Section 2; or

(iii) The entry with respect to Backup Servicer of a decree or order for relief by a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law; or

 

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(iv) A conservator, receiver or liquidator is appointed with respect to Backup Servicer in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings.

12. Confidential Information. Backup Servicer will preserve the confidentiality of any non-public information obtained by it in connection with its performance of its responsibilities hereunder, which shall include any information concerning the Serviced Receivables or the customers, trade secrets, methods, processes or procedures, or financial or business information of the other Parties or the terms of the Transaction Documents or the parties thereto (“Confidential Information”); provided, however, that nothing herein shall prevent Backup Servicer from disclosing such information to (a) Backup Servicer’s managers, officers, members, employees, agents, subservicers and professional consultants in connection with Backup Servicer’s obligations under this Agreement; provided that such Persons are obligated by contractual or professional obligations to maintain the confidentiality of such Confidential Information, (b) any federal or state regulatory agency having jurisdiction over Backup Servicer, provided that the information provided is responsive to any legally enforceable request for such information, (c) any federal or state regulatory agency or governmental authority to which such disclosure is required (1) to effect compliance with any law, rule, regulation or order applicable to Backup Servicer, (2) in response to any subpoena or legal process, (3) in connection with any litigation or adversary proceedings to which Backup Servicer or any other party hereto is a party, or (4) as required to execute and administer this Agreement or (d) to the extent such information becomes public through no act or fault of Backup Servicer. In the case of any disclosure permitted by clause (b) or (c), Backup Servicer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to (x) provide Servicer, each Client and Indenture Trustee with advance notice of any such disclosure and (y) cooperate with Servicer, each Client and Indenture Trustee in limiting the extent or effect of any such disclosure. To the extent that any information provided to the Backup Servicer in connection with this Agreement meets the definition of “non-public personal information” as that term is defined in Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 6801 et seq. (the “GLB Act”) and/or is subject to protection under any federal or state statute, rule, regulation or guideline relating to privacy (including, but not limited to, the GLB Act and each federal or state rule, regulation or guideline implementing requirement of that statute) (“NPI Rules”), the Backup Servicer shall treat such information as confidential in accordance with the terms of the GLB Act and the NPI Rules. The Backup Servicer hereby represents and warrants that it maintains an information security program that is reasonable and in compliance with Applicable Law. This Section 12 shall survive the termination of this Agreement or the removal or resignation of Backup Servicer.

13. Counterparts; Electronic Signatures. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts. Each counterpart will be an original and all counterparts will together be one document. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic

 

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signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

14. Governing Law. THE AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PREEMPTED BY FEDERAL LAW, WITHOUT REGARD TO ITS CONFLICTS OF LAWS (OTHER THAN SECTIONS 5-1401 AND 15-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW).

EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY SUBMITS TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, BETWEEN THEM ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

15. [Reserved.]

16. Notices. All notices, demands, instructions and other communications required or permitted under this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been duly given upon delivery or, in the case of a letter mailed by registered first class mail, postage prepaid, three days after deposit in the mail. Unless otherwise specified in a notice sent in accordance with the provisions of this section, notices, demands, instructions and other communications in writing will be given to the respective parties at their respective addresses specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

17. Further Assurances. Each Client, Servicer and Backup Servicer agree to do and perform, from time to time, any and all acts and to execute any and all further instruments required or reasonably requested by the other parties hereto in order to effect more fully the purposes of this Agreement.

 

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18. Assignment. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, this Agreement, or any rights or obligations hereunder, shall not be assigned by any party hereto without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto and the Indenture Trustee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties hereto consent to the pledge and assignment by each Client to the Indenture Trustee of each such Client’s rights under this Agreement.

19. Amendment.

(a) This Agreement may be amended by each Client, the Servicer and the Backup Servicer, without the consent of any of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders, (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents, or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Administrator, (iv) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders or (v) the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Administrator notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

(b) This Agreement may also be amended from time to time by each Client, the Servicer, the Backup Servicer and the Indenture Trustee with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders as of the close of business on the preceding Distribution Date, or if no Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are Outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 19(b) or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Note or Certificate and of any Note or Certificate issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon the Note or Certificate) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be. It will not be necessary for the consent of Noteholders or Certificateholders to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it will be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders and Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Indenture Trustee and Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement. Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to this Section 19(b), the Issuing Entity shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Issuing Entity shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

 

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(c) Each of the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment, waiver or other modification which affects such trustee’s own rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement, and no such amendment, wavier or modification which affects such trustee’s own rights, duties or indemnities under this Agreement shall be effective without the Grantor Trust Trustee’s or Owner Trustee’s written agreement or prior written consent.

(d) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the each Client and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Grantor Trust or the Issuing Entity to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

20. Third Party Beneficiaries. Each of the parties hereto hereby agrees that the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture shall be an express third party beneficiary to this Agreement and entitled to enforce directly this Agreement, in each case as if the Indenture Trustee were a party hereto.

21. Non-Petition. Backup Servicer hereby agrees that it will not institute against the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, insolvency or liquidation proceedings, or other proceedings under any United States federal or state bankruptcy law, including the Bankruptcy Code, so long as any Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) have not been paid in full or there shall not have elapsed one year plus one day since the last day on which any such Note shall have been reduced to zero. Backup Servicer agrees that damages will not be an adequate remedy for breach of this covenant and that this covenant may be specifically enforced by the Issuing Entity, Grantor Trust, Servicer or the Indenture Trustee acting at the direction of the majority of the Holders of the Notes of the Controlling Class. The agreements in this Section 21 shall survive termination of this Agreement.

22. Concerning the Trustee and Trust Obligations. It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of each Client is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only such Client, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, respectively, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by each Client in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of each Client or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by each Client under this Agreement.

 

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23. Recourse against Certain Parties. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, all amounts owed by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust on, under or in respect of its obligations and liabilities under this Agreement shall be recoverable only from and to the extent of the Collateral and upon final realization of collections thereon and in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture, the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall have no further liability and all claims in respect of the amounts owed but still unpaid shall be extinguished.

24. Information to be Provided by the Backup Servicer.

(a) The Backup Servicer agrees to cooperate in good faith with any reasonable request by the Depositor for information regarding the Backup Servicer which is required in order to enable the Depositor to comply with the provisions of Items 1104(e), 1117, 1119 and 1121(c) of Regulation AB and Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act as it relates to the Backup Servicer or to the Backup Servicer’s obligations under this Agreement; provided that with respect to Rule 15Ga-1, and Items 1121(c) and 1104(e) of Regulation AB, the Backup Servicer shall not be deemed a “securitizer” under Regulation AB or under the Exchange Act.

(b) Except to the extent disclosed by the Backup Servicer in subsection (c) or (d) below, the Backup Servicer shall be deemed to have represented to the Depositor on the first day of each Collection Period with respect to the prior Collection Period that to the best of its knowledge there were no legal or governmental proceedings pending (or known to be contemplated) against Vervent Inc. or any property of Vervent Inc. that would be material to any Noteholder or, to the extent that the Certificates are registered under the Securities Act for public sale, any holder of such Certificates.

(c) The Backup Servicer shall, as promptly as practicable following notice to or discovery by the Backup Servicer of any changes to any information regarding the Backup Servicer as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

(d) The Backup Servicer shall deliver to the Depositor on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 1, 2023, a report of a representative of the Backup Servicer with respect to the immediately preceding calendar year certifying, on behalf of the Backup Servicer, that except to the extent otherwise disclosed in writing to Depositor, to the best of his or her knowledge there were no legal or governmental proceedings pending (or known to be contemplated) against Vervent Inc. or any property of Vervent Inc. that would be material to any Noteholder or, to the extent that the Certificates are registered under the Securities Act for public sale, any holder of such Certificates.

 

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(e) The Backup Servicer shall deliver to the Depositor on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 1, 2023, a report of a representative of the Backup Servicer with respect to the immediately preceding calendar year providing to the Depositor such information regarding the Backup Servicer as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1119 of Regulation AB. Such information shall include, at a minimum, a description of any affiliation between the Backup Servicer and any of the following parties to this securitization transaction, as such parties are identified to the Backup Servicer by the Depositor in writing in advance of this securitization transaction:

(i) the Depositor;

(ii) Carvana, LLC, as sponsor;

(iii) the Issuing Entity;

(iv) the Grantor Trust;

(v) the Servicer;

(vi) the Collateral Custodian;

(vii) the Indenture Trustee;

(viii) the Owner Trustee;

(ix) the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(x) the Asset Representations Reviewer; and

(xi) any other material transaction party.

(f) In connection with the parties listed in clauses (i) through (xi) above, the Backup Servicer shall include a description of whether there is, and if so, the general character of, any business relationship, agreement, arrangement, transaction or understanding that is entered into outside the ordinary course of business or is on terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated third party, apart from this securitization transaction, that currently exists or that existed during the past two years and that is material to an investor’s understanding of the asset backed securities issued in this securitization transaction.

(g) The Backup Servicer shall provide the Depositor with notification, as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days, of all demands delivered to a Responsible Officer of the Backup Servicer for the repurchase or replacement of any Receivable pursuant to any Transaction Document. Subject to this Section 24, the Backup Servicer shall have no obligation to take any other action with respect to any demand. In no event shall the Backup Servicer have (i) any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB or (ii) any duty or obligation to undertake any investigation or inquiry related to repurchase activity or otherwise to assume any additional duties or responsibilities except as expressly set forth in this Section 24.

 

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(h) To the extent applicable, the Backup Servicer shall comply with and provide, on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, the assessments and certificates as required under Rule 13a-18 and 15d-18 of the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB under the Securities Act.

[Signature page follows]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has duly executed this Backup Servicing Agreement as of the date first written above.

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:
BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:

Signature Page to Backup Servicing Agreement


VERVENT INC.
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:

Signature Page to Backup Servicing Agreement


Exhibit A

Information to be Confirmed by Backup Servicer

1. The aggregate outstanding balance of the Serviced Receivables at the beginning of the Collection Period

2. The number and Principal Balance of Delinquent Receivables and Serviced Receivables that became Charged-Off Receivables in the related Collection Period (calculated using the Principal Balance of such Serviced Receivables immediately before they became Charged-Off Receivables) at the close of the Collection Period

3. The Pool Balance of Serviced Receivables at the close of the Collection Period

4. The following information, to the extent contained in the Servicer’s Certificate:

a. the aggregate amount of principal distributable to each Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes)

b. the aggregate amount distributable as interest on the related Distribution Date to each Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes)

c. any amounts distributable on the related Distribution Date which are to be paid with funds withdrawn from the Reserve Account and the Class N Reserve Account

d. the amount to be deposited into Reserve Account and the Specified Reserve Account Balance

e. the outstanding principal amount and Pool Factor for each Class of Notes (other than the Class XS Notes)

f. the Class A Interest Carryover Shortfall, the Class B Interest Carryover Shortfall, the Class C Interest Carryover Shortfall, the Class D Interest Carryover Shortfall and the Class N Interest Carryover Shortfall

g. the Servicing Strip Amount

h. the Collateral characteristics including APR and term

i. the total net loss of the Collection Period

 

  A-1    CRVNA 2022-P2 Backup Servicing Agreement


Exhibit B

Backup Servicer Compensation

(a) The ongoing back-up servicing fee shall be $2,750 per month (and $2,108.33 for the first Distribution Date), billed monthly in advance, and payable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

(b) Pre-approved, reasonable third party expenses incurred by Backup Servicer in its performance of its duties hereunder, including, but not limited to, expenses incurred for travel for site visits, due diligence and transfer of servicing and payable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture. Such expenses related to the cost of entering into this Agreement shall be paid by Carvana, LLC.

All payments shall be made via ACH with reference to VCRN C006551.

 

  B-1    CRVNA 2022-P2 Backup Servicing Agreement

Exhibit 10.6

 

 

 

ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEW AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuing Entity

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust

and

CARVANA, LLC,

as Administrator and Sponsor

and

BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC

as Servicer

and

CLAYTON FIXED INCOME SERVICES LLC

as Asset Representations Reviewer

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I. USAGE AND DEFINITIONS

     1  

Section 1.01

  Usage and Definitions      1  

Section 1.02

  Definitions      1  

ARTICLE II. ENGAGEMENT; ACCEPTANCE

     3  

Section 2.01

  Engagement; Acceptance      3  

Section 2.02

  Confirmation of Status      3  

Section 2.03

  Consent to Filing      3  

ARTICLE III. ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEW PROCESS

     3  

Section 3.01

  Asset Representations Review Notices and Identification of Review Receivables      3  

Section 3.02

  Review Materials      4  

Section 3.03

  Performance of Reviews      4  

Section 3.04

  Review Report      6  

Section 3.05

  Review Representatives      6  

Section 3.06

  Dispute Resolution      7  

Section 3.07

  Limitations on Review Obligations      7  

ARTICLE IV. ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER

     8  

Section 4.01

  Representations and Warranties of the Asset Representations Reviewer      8  

Section 4.02

  Fees and Expenses      9  

Section 4.03

  Limitation on Liability      10  

Section 4.04

  Indemnification by Asset Representations Reviewer      10  

Section 4.05

  Indemnification of Asset Representations Reviewer      11  

Section 4.06

  Inspections of Asset Representations Reviewer      12  

Section 4.07

  Delegation of Obligations      12  

Section 4.08

  Confidential Information      12  

Section 4.09

  Personally Identifiable Information      14  

ARTICLE V. REMOVAL, RESIGNATION

     16  

Section 5.01

  Eligibility of the Asset Representations Reviewer      16  

Section 5.02

  Resignation and Removal of Asset Representations Reviewer      17  

Section 5.03

  Successor Asset Representations Reviewer      17  

 

  -i-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

Section 5.04

  Merger, Consolidation or Succession      18  

ARTICLE VI. OTHER AGREEMENTS

     18  

Section 6.01

  Independence of the Asset Representations Reviewer      18  

Section 6.02

  No Petition      18  

Section 6.03

  Limitation of Liability of Owner Trustee and Grantor Trust Trustee      18  

Section 6.04

  Termination of Agreement      19  

ARTICLE VII. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

     19  

Section 7.01

  Amendments. The parties may amend this Agreement:      19  

Section 7.02

  Assignment; Benefit of Agreement; Third Party Beneficiaries      20  

Section 7.03

  Notices      20  

Section 7.04

  GOVERNING LAW      20  

Section 7.05

  WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      21  

Section 7.06

  No Waiver; Remedies      21  

Section 7.07

  Severability      21  

Section 7.08

  Headings      21  

Section 7.09

  Counterparts      21  

Section 7.10

  Legal Fees Associated with Indemnification      22  

 

  -ii-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


This ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEW AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), entered into as of May 25, 2022, by and among CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, as issuing entity (the “Issuing Entity”), CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, as grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”), CARVANA, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, in its capacity as administrator and sponsor (“Carvana,” the “Administrator” or the “Sponsor”), BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC (the “Servicer”), and CLAYTON FIXED INCOME SERVICES LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Asset Representations Reviewer”).

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity desires to engage the Asset Representations Reviewer to perform reviews of certain Receivables for compliance with certain representations and warranties made with respect thereto; and

WHEREAS, the Asset Representations Reviewer desires to perform such reviews of Receivables in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound hereby, agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.

USAGE AND DEFINITIONS

Section 1.01 Usage and Definitions.

Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Asset Representations Review Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

Section 1.02 Definitions.

Whenever used in this Agreement, the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:

Annual Fee” has the meaning stated in Section 4.02(a).

Collateral Custodian Review Materials” means the documents, data, and other information required for each “Test” in Schedule A.

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

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Confidential Information” has the meaning stated in Section 4.08(b).

Eligible Representations” shall mean those representations identified within the “Tests” included in Schedule B.

Information Recipients” has the meaning stated in Section 4.08(a).

Indemnified Person” has the meaning stated in Section 4.05(a).

Issuing Entity PII” has the meaning stated in Section 4.09(a).

PII” has the meaning stated in Section 4.09(a).

Privacy Laws” has the meaning stated in Section 4.09(b).

Review Fee” has the meaning stated in Section 4.02(b).

Review Materials” means the Collateral Custodian Review Materials, the Servicer Review Materials and the Sponsor Review Materials.

Review Receivables” means those Delinquent Receivables that have been Delinquent Receivables for more than 60 days as of the last day of the preceding Collection Period identified by the Sponsor as requiring an Asset Representations Review by the Asset Representations Reviewer following receipt of an Asset Representations Review Notice according to Section 3.01.

Review Report” has the meaning stated in Section 3.04.

Servicer Review Materials” means the documents, data, and other information required for each “Test” in Schedule A.

Servicer System of Record” means the information storage and retrieval system that is the authoritative data source for the Servicer’s servicing activities.

Sponsor Review Materials” means the documents, data, and other information required for each “Test” in Schedule A.

Tests” means the procedures listed in Schedule B as applied to the process described in Section 3.03.

Test Complete” has the meeting stated in Section 3.03(c).

Test Fail” has the meaning stated in Section 3.03(a).

Test Pass” has the meaning stated in Section 3.03(a).

 

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ARTICLE II.

ENGAGEMENT; ACCEPTANCE

Section 2.01 Engagement; Acceptance.

The Issuing Entity hereby engages Clayton Fixed Income Services LLC to act as the Asset Representations Reviewer for the Issuing Entity. Clayton Fixed Income Services LLC accepts the engagement and agrees to perform the obligations of the Asset Representations Reviewer on the terms stated in this Agreement.

Section 2.02 Confirmation of Status.

The parties confirm that the Asset Representations Reviewer is not responsible for (a) reviewing the Receivables for compliance with the representations and warranties under the Transaction Documents, except as described in this Agreement, or (b) determining whether noncompliance with the representations or warranties constitutes a breach of the Transaction Documents, or if any Receivable is required to be repurchased.

Section 2.03 Consent to Filing.

The Asset Representations Reviewer hereby consents to the filing of this Agreement, including the schedules hereto, with the Commission.

ARTICLE III.

ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEW PROCESS

Section 3.01 Asset Representations Review Notices and Identification of Review Receivables.

On receipt of an Asset Representations Review Notice from the Indenture Trustee according to Section 12.2(d) of the Indenture, the Asset Representations Reviewer will start an Asset Representations Review. The Servicer, at the direction of the Issuing Entity, will provide the list of Review Receivables to the Asset Representations Reviewer within 20 Business Days of receipt of the Asset Representations Review Notice.

The Asset Representations Reviewer will not be obligated to start, and will not start, an Asset Representations Review until an Asset Representations Review Notice and the related list of Review Receivables is received. The Asset Representations Reviewer is not obligated to verify (i) whether the conditions to the initiation of the Asset Representations Review and the issuance of an Asset Representations Review Notice described in Section 12.2 of the Indenture were satisfied or (ii) the accuracy or completeness of the list of Review Receivables provided by the Servicer, at the direction of the Issuing Entity.

 

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Section 3.02 Review Materials.

(a) Access to Review Materials. Within 60 days of the Noteholder vote approving the Asset Representations Review pursuant to Section 12.2 of the Indenture, the Issuing Entity will instruct the Servicer, the Sponsor and the Collateral Custodian (only in the case of clause (iv) below) to provide the Asset Representations Reviewer with access to the Review Materials for all Review Receivables in one or more of the following ways, at its option: (i) by providing access to the Servicer’s systems or the Sponsor’s systems as applicable, either remotely or at an office of the applicable party, (ii) by electronic posting to a password-protected website to which the Asset Representations Reviewer has access, (iii) by providing originals or photocopies at an office of the applicable party, (iv) in the case of the Collateral Custodian’s systems, by providing physical access to the Asset Representations Reviewer in the presence of an employee of the Collateral Custodian or (v) in another manner agreed by the applicable party and the Asset Representations Reviewer, in each case in compliance with Applicable Law. The Servicer may, but shall not be obligated to, redact or remove Personally Identifiable Information from the Review Materials so long as such reduction or removal does not result in a change in the meaning or usefulness of the Review Materials. The Asset Representations Reviewer shall be entitled to rely in good faith, without independent investigation or verification, that the Review Materials are accurate and complete in all material respects, and not misleading in any material respect.

(b) Missing or Insufficient Review Materials. Upon receipt of the Review Materials, the Asset Representations Reviewer will review the Review Materials to determine if any Review Materials are missing or insufficient for the Asset Representations Reviewer to perform any Test. If the Asset Representations Reviewer determines any missing or insufficient Review Materials, the Asset Representations Reviewer will notify the Servicer, the Sponsor and the Collateral Custodian promptly, and in any event no less than 15 calendar days before completing the Asset Representations Review. The Servicer, the Sponsor and or the Collateral Custodian, as applicable, will have 15 calendar days to give the Asset Representations Reviewer access to the missing Review Materials or other documents or information to correct the insufficiency. If the missing Review Materials or other documents have not been provided by the Servicer, the Sponsor or the Collateral Custodian, as applicable, within 15 calendar days, the related Review Report will report a Test Fail for each Test that requires use of the missing or insufficient Review Materials.

Section 3.03 Performance of Reviews.

(a) Test Procedures. For an Asset Representations Review, the Asset Representations Reviewer will perform, for each Review Receivable, the Tests for each Eligible Representation. In the course of its review, the Asset Representations Reviewer will use the Review Materials listed in Schedule A as specified in the description of each Test under Schedule B. For each Test and Review Receivable, the Asset Representations Reviewer will determine if the Test has been satisfied (a “Test Pass”) or if the Test has not been satisfied (a “Test Fail”). During the course of its review, the Asset Representations Reviewer will provide the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer and the Sponsor with a preliminary list of any Test Fail and the issues identified and, at that time, the Sponsor has the option of electing to provide additional Review Materials or information which the Asset Representations Reviewer will analyze and consider in preparing the Review Report.

 

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(b) Review Period. The Asset Representations Reviewer will complete the Asset Representations Review within 60 days of receiving access to the Review Materials. However, if missing or additional Review Materials are subsequently provided to the Asset Representations Reviewer as described in Sections 3.02(b) or 3.03(a), the Asset Representations Review period may be extended for an additional 30 days.

(c) Completion of Review for Certain Review Receivables. Following the delivery of the list of the Review Receivables and before the delivery of the Review Report by the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Issuing Entity or the Administrator, on the Issuing Entity’s behalf, may notify the Asset Representations Reviewer if a Review Receivable is paid in full by the Obligor or otherwise satisfied or repurchased from the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust in accordance with Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Purchase Agreement, Section 3.1(c) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement or 3.2(a) of the Receivables Contribution Agreement, as applicable. On receipt of such notice, the Asset Representations Reviewer will immediately terminate all Tests of the related Review Receivable, and the Asset Representations Review of such Review Receivable will be considered complete (a “Test Complete”). In this case, the related Review Report will indicate a Test Complete for such Review Receivable and the related reason.

(d) Previously Reviewed Receivables; Duplicative Tests. If any Review Receivable was included in a prior Review, the Asset Representations Reviewer will not conduct additional Tests on such Review Receivable, but will include the previously reported Test results in the Review Report for the current Review. If the same Test is required for more than one Eligible Representation, the Asset Representations Reviewer will only perform the Test once for each Review Receivable, but will report the results of the Test for each applicable Eligible Representation on the Review Report.

(e) Termination of Review. If an Asset Representations Review is in process and the Notes will be paid in full on the next Distribution Date, the Issuing Entity or the Administrator will notify the Asset Representations Reviewer no less than 10 days before that Distribution Date. On receipt of such notice, the Asset Representations Reviewer will terminate the Asset Representations Review immediately and will not be obligated to deliver a Review Report.

(f) Review Systems; Personnel. The Asset Representations Reviewer will maintain business process management and/or other systems necessary to ensure that it can perform each Test. The Asset Representations Reviewer will ensure that these systems allow for each Review Receivable and the related Review Materials to be individually tracked and stored as contemplated by this Agreement. The Asset Representations Reviewer will maintain adequate staff who are properly trained to conduct Reviews as required by this Agreement.

 

  5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


Section 3.04 Review Report.

Within five (5) Business Days after the end of the applicable Asset Representations Review period under Section 3.03(b), the Asset Representations Reviewer will deliver to the Administrator, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor, the Servicer, the Depositor and the Indenture Trustee a report indicating for each Review Receivable whether there was a Test Pass, Test Fail or Test Complete for each related Test (a “Review Report”). For each Test Fail or Test Complete, the Review Report will indicate the related reason, including (for example) whether the Review Receivable was a Test Fail as a result of missing or incomplete Review Materials. The Review Report will contain a summary of the Asset Representations Review results to be included in the Issuing Entity’s Form 10-D report for the Collection Period in which the Review Report is received. The Asset Representations Reviewer will ensure that the Review Report does not contain any PII. On reasonable request of the Sponsor, the Asset Representations Reviewer will provide additional details on the Test results.

Section 3.05 Review Representatives.

(a) Sponsor Representative. The Sponsor will designate one or more representatives who will be available to assist the Asset Representations Reviewer in performing the Asset Representations Review, including responding to requests and answering questions from the Asset Representations Reviewer about access to Sponsor Review Materials on the Sponsor’s originations, receivables or other systems, obtaining missing or insufficient Sponsor Review Materials and/or providing clarification of any Sponsor Review Materials or Tests.

(b) Collateral Custodian Representative. The Collateral Custodian will designate one or more representatives who will be available to assist the Asset Representations Reviewer in performing the Asset Representations Review, including responding to requests and answering questions from the Asset Representations Reviewer about access to Collateral Custodian Review Materials, receivables or other systems, obtaining missing or insufficient Collateral Custodian Review Materials and/or providing clarification of any Collateral Custodian Review Materials or Tests.

(c) Servicer Representative. The Servicer will designate one or more representatives who will be available to assist the Asset Representations Reviewer in performing the Asset Representations Review, including responding to requests and answering questions from the Asset Representations Reviewer about access to Servicer Review Materials, receivables or other systems, obtaining missing or insufficient Servicer Review Materials and/or providing clarification of any Servicer Review Materials or Tests.

(d) Asset Representations Review Representative. The Asset Representations Reviewer will designate one or more representatives who will be available to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer during the performance of an Asset Representations Review.

(e) Questions About Review. The Asset Representations Reviewer will make appropriate personnel available to respond in writing to written questions or requests for clarification of any Review Report from the Indenture Trustee, the Servicer or the Sponsor until the earlier of (i) the payment in full of the Notes and (ii) one year after the delivery of such Review Report. The Asset Representations Reviewer will not be obligated to respond to questions or requests for clarification from Noteholders or any other Person and will direct such Persons to submit written questions or requests to the Administrator.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

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Section 3.06 Dispute Resolution.

If a Review Receivable that was the subject of an Asset Representations Review becomes the subject of a dispute resolution proceeding under Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Asset Representations Reviewer will participate in the dispute resolution proceeding on request of a party to the proceeding. The reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the Asset Representations Reviewer for its participation in any dispute resolution proceeding will be considered expenses of the requesting party for the dispute resolution and will be paid, in the case of (i) an arbitration by a party to the dispute resolution as determined by the arbitrator for the dispute resolution or (ii) a mediation, as the parties shall mutually determine, in each case according to Section 3.1(d) of the Receivables Transfer Agreement. If not paid by a party to the dispute resolution, the expenses will be reimbursed in accordance with Section 4.02(d).

Section 3.07 Limitations on Review Obligations.

(a) Review Process Limitations. The Asset Representations Reviewer will have no obligation (i) to determine whether a Delinquency Trigger Event has occurred or whether the required percentage of Noteholders has voted to direct an Asset Representations Review under the Indenture, (ii) to determine which Receivables are subject to an Asset Representations Review, (iii) to obtain or confirm the validity of the Review Materials, (iv) to obtain missing or insufficient Review Materials except as specifically described herein, (v) to take any action or cause any other party to take any action under any of the Transaction Documents to enforce any remedies for breaches of representations or warranties about the Eligible Representations, (vi) to determine the reason for the delinquency of any Review Receivable, the creditworthiness of any Obligor, the overall quality of any Review Receivable or the compliance by the Servicer with its covenants with respect to the servicing of such Review Receivable, or (vii) to establish cause, materiality or recourse for any failed Test as described in Section 3.03.

(b) Testing Procedure Limitations. The Asset Representations Reviewer will only be required to perform the Tests, and will not be obligated to perform additional procedures on any Review Receivable or to provide any information other than a Review Report. However, the Asset Representations Reviewer may provide additional information in a Review Report about any Review Receivable that it determines in good faith to be material to the Asset Representations Review.

(c) Maintenance of Review Materials. The Asset Representations Reviewer will maintain copies of any Review Materials, Review Reports and other documents relating to an Asset Representations Review, including internal correspondence and work papers, until the earlier of (i) payment in full of the Notes and (ii) one year after the delivery of the applicable Review Report. At the expiration of such period, the Asset Representations Reviewer shall return Review Materials to the Servicer, the Sponsor or the Collateral Custodian, as applicable.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

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ARTICLE IV.

ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER

Section 4.01 Representations and Warranties of the Asset Representations Reviewer.

The Asset Representations Reviewer hereby makes the following representations and warranties as of the Closing Date:

(a) Organization and Qualification. The Asset Representations Reviewer is duly organized and validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware. The Asset Representations Reviewer is qualified as a foreign limited liability company in good standing and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals in all jurisdictions in which the ownership or lease of its properties or the conduct of its activities requires the qualification, license or approval, unless the failure to obtain the qualifications, licenses or approvals would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Asset Representations Reviewer’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

(b) Power, Authority and Enforceability. The Asset Representations Reviewer has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Asset Representations Reviewer has authorized the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. This Agreement is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Asset Representations Reviewer enforceable against the Asset Representations Reviewer, except as may be limited by insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization or other laws relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights or by general equitable principles.

(c) No Conflicts and No Violation. The completion of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the performance of the Asset Representations Reviewer’s obligations under this Agreement will not (i) conflict with, or be a breach or default under, any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, guarantee or similar document under which the Asset Representations Reviewer is a debtor or guarantor, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of a Lien on the properties or assets of the Asset Representations Reviewer under the terms of any indenture, loan agreement, mortgage, deed of trust, guarantee or similar document, (iii) violate the organizational documents of the Asset Representations Reviewer or (iv) violate an Applicable Law or, to the Asset Representations Reviewer’s knowledge, an order, rule or regulation of a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Asset Representations Reviewer or its property that applies to the Asset Representations Reviewer, which, in each case, would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Asset Representations Reviewer’s ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement.

(d) No Proceedings. To the Asset Representations Reviewer’s knowledge, there are no proceedings or investigations pending or threatened in writing before a Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Asset Representations Reviewer or its properties (i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement, (ii) seeking to prevent the completion of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or (iii) seeking any determination or ruling that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Asset Representations Reviewer’s ability to perform its obligations under, or the validity or enforceability of, this Agreement.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


(e) Eligibility. The Asset Representations Reviewer meets the eligibility requirements in Section 5.01, and will notify the Issuing Entity, the Sponsor and the Servicer promptly if it no longer meets, or reasonably expects that it will no longer meet, the eligibility requirements in Section 5.01.

Section 4.02 Fees and Expenses.

(a) Annual Fee. As compensation for its activities hereunder, the Asset Representations Reviewer shall be entitled to receive an annual fee (the “Annual Fee”) with respect to each annual period prior to the termination of the Grantor Trust, in an amount equal to $5,000; provided, that the Asset Representations Reviewer will return to the Administrator or the Issuing Entity, as applicable, the pro rata portion of the Annual Fee to the extent the Issuing Entity is terminated prior to the end of an annual period for which an Annual Fee has been paid. The Annual Fee will be paid by (i) the Sponsor on the Closing Date and (ii) the Issuing Entity on each anniversary of the Closing Date until this Agreement is terminated via the priority of payments described in Section 2.7 of the Indenture on the Distribution Date following the month in which the invoice was received by the Sponsor and the Issuing Entity.

(b) Review Fee. Following the completion of an Asset Representations Review and the delivery of the related Review Report pursuant to Section 3.04, or the termination of an Asset Representations Review according to Section 3.03(e), and the delivery to the Issuing Entity and the Sponsor of a detailed invoice, the Asset Representations Reviewer will be entitled to a fee payable by the Issuing Entity of $200 for each Review Receivable for which the Asset Representations Review was started (the “Review Fee”). If the detailed invoice is submitted on or before the first day of a month, the Review Fee will be paid by the Issuing Entity pursuant to the priority of payments described in Section 2.7 of the Indenture, starting on or before the Distribution Date in that month. However, no Review Fee will be charged for any Review Receivable (i) which was included in a prior Review, (ii) for which no Tests were completed prior to the Asset Representations Reviewer being notified of a termination of the Asset Representations Review according to Section 3.03(e), (iii) for which no Tests were completed prior to the Asset Representations Reviewer being notified of the Review Receivable being paid in full by the Obligor, otherwise satisfied or repurchased by the Depositor or the Seller as described in Section 3.03(c), or (iv) due to missing or insufficient Review Materials under Section 3.02(b). However, if an Asset Representations Review is terminated according to Section 3.03(e), the Asset Representations Reviewer must submit its invoice to the Issuing Entity and the Sponsor for the Review Fee for the terminated Review no later than ten (10) Business Days before the final Distribution Date to be reimbursed on such final Distribution Date.

(c) Reimbursement of Travel Expenses. If the Servicer, the Sponsor or the Collateral Custodian provides access to the Review Materials at one or more of its or their properties, the Issuing Entity will reimburse the Asset Representations Reviewer for its reasonable out-of-pocket travel expenses incurred in connection with the Asset Representations Review promptly following receipt of a detailed invoice.

 

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(d) Dispute Resolution Expenses. If the Asset Representations Reviewer participates in a dispute resolution proceeding under Section 3.06 of this Agreement and its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses for participating in the proceeding are not paid by a party to the dispute resolution within ninety (90) days after the end of the proceeding, the Issuing Entity will reimburse the Asset Representations Reviewer for such expenses promptly following receipt of a detailed invoice via the priority of payments described in Section 2.7 of the Indenture on the Distribution Date following the month in which the invoice was received by the Sponsor and the Issuing Entity.

(e) Payment of Invoices. When applicable pursuant to this Section 4.02, for fees and expenses of the Asset Representations Reviewer that are not paid when due by the Issuing Entity within thirty (30) days following the receipt of an invoice by the Issuing Entity, the Asset Representations Reviewer will issue invoices to the Sponsor and the Issuing Entity at the notices address set forth in Part III of the Indenture and the Sponsor shall pay all invoices submitted by the Asset Representations Reviewer.

(f) Reimbursement of Servicer Expenses. The Issuing Entity shall reimburse the Servicer for all reasonable out of pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Servicer in connection with its compliance with the terms of this Agreement.

Section 4.03 Limitation on Liability.

The Asset Representations Reviewer will not be liable to any Person for any action taken, or not taken, in good faith under this Agreement or for errors in judgment. However, the Asset Representations Reviewer will be liable for its willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in performing its obligations under this Agreement. In no event will the Asset Representations Reviewer be liable for special, indirect or consequential losses or damages (including lost profit), even if the Asset Representations Reviewer has been advised of the likelihood of the loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

Section 4.04 Indemnification by Asset Representations Reviewer.

The Asset Representations Reviewer will indemnify each of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Depositor, the Seller, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Sponsor, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents for all fees, expenses, losses, damages and liabilities, including those incurred in connection with the enforcement of this indemnification (and including any attorneys fees’, expenses and court costs), resulting from (a) the willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence of the Asset Representations Reviewer in performing its obligations under this Agreement, (b) the Asset Representations Reviewer’s breach of any of its representations or warranties in this Agreement or (c) the Asset Representations Reviewer’s breach of any of its obligations in Sections 4.08 and 4.09 of this Agreement. The Asset Representations Reviewer’s obligations under this Section 4.04 will survive the termination of this Agreement, the termination of the Grantor Trust and the resignation or removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer.

 

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Section 4.05 Indemnification of Asset Representations Reviewer.

(a) Indemnification. The Issuing Entity will, or will cause the Sponsor to, indemnify the Asset Representations Reviewer and its officers, directors, employees and agents (each, an “Indemnified Person”), for all costs, expenses, losses, damages and liabilities resulting from the performance of its obligations under this Agreement (including the reasonable out-of-pocket fees and expenses of defending itself against any loss, damage or liability), but excluding any cost, expense, loss, damage or liability resulting from (i) the Asset Representations Reviewer’s willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence, (ii) the Asset Representations Reviewer’s breach of any of its representations or warranties in this Agreement or (iii) the Asset Representations Reviewer’s breach of any of its obligations in Section 4.08 and 4.09 of this Agreement.

(b) Proceedings. Promptly on receipt by an Indemnified Person of notice of a Proceeding against it, the Indemnified Person will, if a claim is to be made under Section 4.05(a), notify the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Administrator of the Proceeding. The Sponsor and the Issuing Entity may participate in and assume the defense and settlement of a Proceeding at its expense. If the Issuing Entity or the Sponsor notifies the Indemnified Person of its intention to assume the defense of the Proceeding with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person, and so long as the Issuing Entity or the Sponsor assumes the defense of the Proceeding in a manner reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person, the Issuing Entity and the Sponsor will not be liable for fees and expenses of counsel to the Indemnified Person unless there is a conflict between the interests of the Issuing Entity or the Sponsor, as applicable, and the Indemnified Person. If there is a conflict, the Sponsor will pay for the reasonable fees and expenses of separate counsel to the Indemnified Person. No settlement of a Proceeding may be made without the approval of the Issuing Entity and the Sponsor and the Indemnified Person, which approval will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.

(c) Survival of Obligations. The Issuing Entity’s and the Sponsor’s obligations under this Section 4.05 will survive the resignation or removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer and the termination of this Agreement.

If all or a portion of indemnities due to the Asset Representations Reviewer is not paid by the Issuing Entity to the Asset Representations Reviewer within 30 days of receipt of an invoice, pursuant to the priority of payments described in Sections 2.7 or 5.4(b) of the Indenture, as applicable, on the Distribution Date following the month in which the invoice was received by the Issuing Entity, then the unpaid portion of such indemnities then due and payable shall be paid by the Sponsor.

(d) Repayment. If the Issuing Entity or the Sponsor makes any payment under this Section 4.05 and the Indemnified Parties later collects any of the amounts for which the payments were made to it from others, the Indemnified Person will promptly repay the amount to the Sponsor or the Issuing Entity, as applicable.

 

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Section 4.06 Inspections of Asset Representations Reviewer.

The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees that, with reasonable advance notice not more than once during any year, it will permit authorized representatives of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Sponsor, during the Asset Representations Reviewer’s normal business hours, to examine and review the books of account, records, reports and other documents and materials of the Asset Representations Reviewer relating to (a) the performance of the Asset Representations Reviewer’s obligations under this Agreement, (b) payments of fees and expenses of the Asset Representations Reviewer for its performance and (c) a claim made by the Asset Representations Reviewer under this Agreement. In addition, the Asset Representations Reviewer will permit the Issuing Entity’s, the Grantor Trust’s or the Sponsor’s representatives to make copies and extracts of any of those documents and to discuss them with the Asset Representations Reviewer’s officers and employees. Each of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Sponsor will, and will cause its authorized representatives to, hold in confidence the information except if disclosure may be required by Applicable Law or if the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Sponsor reasonably determines that it is required to make the disclosure under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. The Asset Representations Reviewer will maintain all relevant books, records, reports and other documents and materials for a period of at least two years after the termination of its obligations under this Agreement. In the event the Servicer requests information pertaining to the review and examination of the Asset Representation Reviewer as described above, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, and the Sponsor, as the case may be, will notify the Asset Representations Reviewer of such request and, with the Asset Representations Reviewer’s consent, may provide such information to the Servicer; provided it is acknowledged and agreed that such consent may be conditioned on the execution by the Servicer of a confidentiality or non-disclosure agreement.

Section 4.07 Delegation of Obligations. The Asset Representations Reviewer may not delegate or subcontract its obligations under this Agreement to any Person without the consent of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

Section 4.08 Confidential Information.

(a) Treatment. The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees to hold and treat Confidential Information given to it under this Agreement in confidence and under the terms and conditions of this Section 4.08, and will implement and maintain safeguards to further assure the confidentiality of the Confidential Information. The Confidential Information will not, without the prior consent of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer, be disclosed or used by the Asset Representations Reviewer, or its officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives or affiliates, including legal counsel (collectively, the “Information Recipients”) other than for the purposes of performing Reviews of Review Receivables or performing its obligations under this Agreement. The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees that it will not, and will cause its Affiliates to not (i) purchase or sell securities issued by the Seller or its Affiliates or special purpose entities on the basis of Confidential Information or (ii) use the Confidential Information for the preparation of research reports, newsletters or other publications or similar communications.

(b) Definition. “Confidential Information” means oral, written and electronic materials (irrespective of its source or form of communication) furnished before, on or after the date of this Agreement to the Asset Representations Reviewer for the purposes contemplated by this Agreement, including:

 

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(i) lists of Review Receivables and any related Review Materials;

(ii) origination and servicing guidelines, policies and procedures, and form contracts; and

(iii) notes, analyses, compilations, studies or other documents or records prepared by the Servicer, which contain information supplied by or on behalf of the Servicer or its representatives.

However, Confidential Information will not include information that (A) is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of disclosure by the Information Recipients, (B) was available to, or becomes available to, the Information Recipients on a non-confidential basis from a Person or entity other than the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Servicer before its disclosure to the Information Recipients who is not bound by confidentiality obligations to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer and is not prohibited from transmitting the information to the Information Recipients, (C) is independently developed by the Information Recipients without the use of the Confidential Information, as shown by the Information Recipients’ files and records or other evidence in the Information Recipients’ possession or (D) the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer provides permission to the applicable Information Recipients to release.

(c) Protection. The Asset Representations Reviewer will take reasonable measures to protect the secrecy of and avoid disclosure and unauthorized use of Confidential Information, including those measures that it takes to protect its own confidential information and not less than a reasonable standard of care. The Asset Representations Reviewer acknowledges that Personally Identifiable Information is also subject to the additional requirements in Section 4.09.

(d) Disclosure. If the Asset Representations Reviewer is required by Applicable Law to disclose part of the Confidential Information, it may disclose the Confidential Information. However, before a required disclosure, the Asset Representations Reviewer, if permitted by Applicable Law, will use its reasonable efforts to provide the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer with notice of the requirement and will cooperate, at the Issuing Entity’s expense, in the Issuing Entity’s, the Grantor Trust’s, the Sponsor’s and the Servicer’s pursuit of a proper protective order or other relief for the disclosure of the Confidential Information. If the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer is unable to obtain a protective order or other proper remedy by the date that the information is required to be disclosed, the Asset Representations Reviewer will disclose only that part of the Confidential Information that it is advised by its legal counsel it is legally required to disclose.

(e) Responsibility for Information Recipients. The Asset Representations Reviewer will be responsible for a breach of this Section 4.08 by its Information Recipients.

(f) Violation. The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees that a violation of this Agreement may cause irreparable injury to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor and the Servicer and the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor and the Servicer may seek injunctive relief in addition to legal remedies. If an action is initiated by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor or the Servicer to enforce this Section 4.08, the prevailing party will be reimbursed for its fees and expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, incurred for the enforcement.

 

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Section 4.09 Personally Identifiable Information.

(a) Definitions. “Personally Identifiable Information” or “PII” means information in any format about an identifiable individual, including, name, address, phone number, e-mail address, account number(s), identification number(s), any other actual or assigned attribute associated with or identifiable to an individual and any information that when used separately or in combination with other information could identify an individual. “Issuing Entity PII” means PII furnished by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor, the Servicer or their Affiliates to the Asset Representations Reviewer and PII developed or otherwise collected or acquired by the Asset Representations Reviewer in performing its obligations under this Agreement.

(b) Use of Issuing Entity PII. The Grantor Trust does not grant the Asset Representations Reviewer any rights to Issuing Entity PII except as provided in this Agreement. The Asset Representations Reviewer will use Issuing Entity PII only to perform its obligations under this Agreement or as specifically directed in writing by the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust and will only reproduce Issuing Entity PII to the extent necessary for these purposes. The Asset Representations Reviewer must comply with all Applicable Laws applicable to PII, Issuing Entity PII or the Asset Representations Reviewer’s business, including any legally required codes of conduct, including those relating to privacy, security and data protection (collectively, “Privacy Laws”). The Asset Representations Reviewer will protect and secure Issuing Entity PII. The Asset Representations Reviewer will implement privacy or data protection policies and procedures that comply with Applicable Law and this Agreement. The Asset Representations Reviewer will implement and maintain reasonable and appropriate practices, procedures and systems, including administrative, technical and physical safeguards to (i) protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of Issuing Entity PII, (ii) ensure against anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of Issuing Entity PII, (iii) protect against unauthorized access to or use of Issuing Entity PII and (iv) otherwise comply with its obligations under this Agreement. These safeguards include a written data security plan, employee training, information access controls, restricted disclosures, systems protections (e.g., intrusion protection, data storage protection and data transmission protection) and physical security measures.

(c) Additional Limitations. In addition to the use and protection requirements described in Section 4.09(b), the Asset Representations Reviewer’s disclosure of Issuing Entity PII is also subject to the following requirements:

(i) The Asset Representations Reviewer will not disclose Issuing Entity PII to its personnel or allow its personnel access to Issuing Entity PII except (A) for the Asset Representations Reviewer personnel who require Issuing Entity PII to perform an Asset Representations Review, (B) with the prior written consent of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust or (C) as required by Applicable Law. When permitted, the disclosure of or access to Issuing Entity PII will be limited to the specific information necessary for the individual to complete the assigned task. The Asset Representations Reviewer will inform personnel with access to Issuing Entity PII of the confidentiality requirements in this Agreement and train its personnel with access to Issuing Entity PII on the proper use and protection of Issuing Entity PII.

 

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(ii) The Asset Representations Reviewer will not sell, disclose, provide or exchange Issuing Entity PII with or to any third party without the prior written consent of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust.

(iii) The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees, represents and warrants that the Asset Representations Reviewer has, and will continue to have, adequate administrative, technical, and physical safeguards designed to: (a) to ensure the security and confidentiality of all PII; (b) to protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of PII; and (c) to protect against unauthorized acquisition of, access to or use of PII which could result in a “breach” as that terms is defined under applicable Privacy Laws, or substantial harm to Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or Servicer or any individual about whom the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Servicer has or collects financial and other information.

(iv) The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees to provide the Sponsor, the Issuing Entity, the Servicer and the Grantor Trust with information regarding its and its representatives’ privacy and information security systems, policies and procedures as the Sponsor, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Servicer may reasonably request relating to its compliance with this Agreement and applicable Privacy Laws. The Asset Representations Reviewer agrees to provide training in the Privacy Laws and Asset Representations Reviewer’s information security policies to all Asset Representations Reviewer personnel whose duties pursuant to this Agreement could bring them in contact with PII. The Asset Representations Reviewer shall comply at all times with Servicer’s information security policies and procedures in connection with any access to or use of Servicer’s network, systems or data.

(d) Notice of Breach. The Asset Representations Reviewer will notify the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer promptly in the event of an actual or reasonably suspected security breach, unauthorized access, misappropriation or other compromise of the security, confidentiality or integrity of Issuing Entity PII and, where applicable, immediately take action to prevent any further breach.

(e) Return or Disposal of Issuing Entity PII. Except where return or disposal is prohibited by Applicable Law, promptly on the earlier of the completion of the Asset Representations Review or the request of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer, all Issuing Entity PII in any medium in the Asset Representations Reviewer’s possession or under its control will be (i) destroyed in a manner that prevents its recovery or restoration or (ii) if so directed by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer, returned to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer, as applicable, without the Asset Representations Reviewer retaining any actual or recoverable copies, in both cases, without charge to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor or the Servicer. Where the Asset Representations Reviewer retains Issuing Entity PII, the Asset Representations Reviewer will limit the Asset Representations Reviewer’s further use or disclosure of Issuing Entity PII to that required by Applicable Law.

 

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(f) Modification. The Asset Representations Reviewer and the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer agree to modify this Section 4.09 as necessary for either party to comply with Applicable Law.

(g) Audit of Asset Representations Reviewer. The Asset Representations Reviewer will permit the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer and each of their authorized representatives to audit the Asset Representations Reviewer’s compliance with this Section 4.09 during the Asset Representations Reviewer’s normal business hours on reasonable advance notice to the Asset Representations Reviewer, and not more than once during any year unless circumstances necessitate additional audits. Each of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer agrees to make reasonable efforts to schedule any audit described in this Section 4.09 with the inspections described in Section 4.06, and to coordinate any such audit(s) to be performed by the auditing parties concurrently. The Asset Representations Reviewer will also permit the Issuing Entity, Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer during normal business hours on reasonable advance notice to audit any service providers used by the Asset Representations Reviewer to fulfill the Asset Representations Reviewer’s obligations under this Agreement. Each of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Sponsor and the Servicer will, and will cause its authorized representatives to, hold in confidence the information provided by the Asset Representations Reviewer pursuant to this Section 4.09. Information to be provided by the Asset Representations Reviewer pursuant to this Section 4.09 may be conditioned on the execution of a confidentiality or non-disclosure agreement.

(h) Affiliates and Third Parties. If the Asset Representations Reviewer processes the PII of the Grantor Trust’s Affiliates or a third party when performing an Asset Representations Review, and if such Affiliate or third party is identified to the Asset Representations Reviewer, such Affiliate or third party is an intended third-party beneficiary of this Section 4.09, and this Agreement is intended to benefit the Affiliate or third party. The Affiliate or third party may enforce the PII related terms of this Section 4.09 against the Asset Representations Reviewer as if each were a signatory to this Agreement.

ARTICLE V.

REMOVAL, RESIGNATION

Section 5.01 Eligibility of the Asset Representations Reviewer.

The Asset Representations Reviewer must be a Person who (a) is not Affiliated with the Seller, the Depositor, the Servicer, the Backup Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any of their Affiliates and (b) was not, and is not Affiliated with a Person that was, engaged by the Seller or any underwriter to perform any due diligence on the Receivables prior to the Closing Date.

 

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Section 5.02 Resignation and Removal of Asset Representations Reviewer.

(a) No Resignation. The Asset Representations Reviewer will not resign as Asset Representations Reviewer unless it determines it is legally unable to perform its obligations under this Agreement and there is no reasonable action that it could take to make the performance of its obligations under this Agreement permitted under Applicable Law. In such event, the Asset Representations Reviewer will deliver a notice of its resignation to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor and the Servicer, together with an opinion of counsel supporting its determination.

(b) Removal. If any of the following events occur, the Administrator, by notice to the Asset Representations Reviewer, may remove the Asset Representations Reviewer and terminate its rights and obligations under this Agreement:

(i) the Asset Representations Reviewer no longer meets the eligibility requirements in Section 5.01;

(ii) the Asset Representations Reviewer breaches of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or obligations in this Agreement; or

(iii) a Bankruptcy Event of the Asset Representations Reviewer occurs.

(c) Notice of Resignation or Removal. The Issuing Entity will notify the Servicer, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Administrator and the Indenture Trustee of any resignation or removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer.

(d) Continue to Perform After Resignation or Removal. No resignation or removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer will be effective, and the Asset Representations Reviewer will continue to perform its obligations under this Agreement, until a successor Asset Representations Reviewer has accepted its engagement according to Section 5.03(b).

Section 5.03 Successor Asset Representations Reviewer.

(a) Engagement of Successor Asset Representations Reviewer. Following the resignation or removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer, the Issuing Entity will engage a successor Asset Representations Reviewer who meets the eligibility requirements of Section 5.01.

(b) Effectiveness of Resignation or Removal. No resignation or removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer will be effective until the successor Asset Representations Reviewer has executed and delivered to the Issuing Entity, Sponsor and the Servicer an agreement accepting its engagement and agreeing to perform the obligations of the Asset Representations Reviewer under this Agreement or entering into a new agreement with the Issuing Entity and the Sponsor on substantially the same terms as this Agreement.

(c) Transition and Expenses. If the Asset Representations Reviewer resigns or is removed, the Asset Representations Reviewer will cooperate with the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor and the Servicer and take all actions reasonably requested to assist the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator and the Sponsor in making an orderly transition of the Asset Representations Reviewer’s rights and obligations under this Agreement to the successor Asset Representations Reviewer. The outgoing Asset Representations Reviewer will pay the reasonable expenses of transitioning the Asset Representations Reviewer’s obligations under this Agreement and preparing the successor Asset Representations Reviewer to take on the obligations on receipt of an invoice with reasonable detail of the expenses from the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor and the Servicer or the successor Asset Representations Reviewer.

 

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Section 5.04 Merger, Consolidation or Succession. Any Person (a) into which the Asset Representations Reviewer is merged or consolidated, (b) resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Asset Representations Reviewer is a party or (c) succeeding to the business of the Asset Representations Reviewer, if that Person meets the eligibility requirements in Section 5.01, will be the successor to the Asset Representations Reviewer under this Agreement. Such Person will execute and deliver to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Administrator and the Sponsor an agreement to assume the Asset Representations Reviewer’s obligations under this Agreement (unless the assumption happens by operation of law).

ARTICLE VI.

OTHER AGREEMENTS

Section 6.01 Independence of the Asset Representations Reviewer.

The Asset Representations Reviewer will be an independent contractor and will not be subject to the supervision of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor or the Servicer for the manner in which it accomplishes the performance of its obligations under this Agreement. Unless expressly authorized by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor or the Servicer, the Asset Representations Reviewer will have no authority to act for or represent the Issuing Entity, Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor or the Servicer, and will not be considered an agent of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor or the Servicer. Nothing in this Agreement will make the Asset Representations Reviewer and the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator, the Sponsor or the Servicer members of any partnership, joint venture or other separate entity or impose any liability as such on any of them.

Section 6.02 No Petition.

Each of the parties agrees that, before the date that is one year and one day (or, if longer, any applicable preference period) after payment in full of all securities issued by the Depositor, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or by a trust for which the Depositor was a depositor, it will not start or pursue against, or join any other Person in starting or pursuing against the Depositor , the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, insolvency or liquidation proceedings or other proceedings under any bankruptcy or similar law. This Section 6.02 will survive the termination of this Agreement.

Section 6.03 Limitation of Liability of Owner Trustee and Grantor Trust Trustee.

It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of

 

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the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable under this Agreement.

Section 6.04 Termination of Agreement.

This Agreement will terminate, except for the obligations under Section 4.04 and the other obligations of the Trust, the Servicer and the Asset Representations Reviewer specified as surviving the termination of this Agreement, on the earlier of (a) the payment in full of all outstanding Notes and the satisfaction and discharge of the Indenture, (b) the date the Issuing Entity is terminated under the Trust Agreement, (c) the date the Grantor Trust is terminated under the Grantor Trust Agreement and (d) the removal or resignation of the Asset Representations Reviewer in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

ARTICLE VII.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 7.01 Amendments. The parties may amend this Agreement:

(a) to clarify an ambiguity, correct an error or correct or supplement any term of this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with the other terms of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, or to provide for, or facilitate the acceptance of this Agreement by, a successor Asset Representations Reviewer, in each case without the consent of the Noteholders or any other Person;

(b) to add, change or eliminate terms of this Agreement, in each case without the consent of the Noteholders or any other Person, if the Administrator delivers an Officer’s Certificate to the Issuer and the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee stating that the amendment will not have a material adverse effect on the Noteholders; or

(c) to add, change or eliminate terms of this Agreement for which an Officer’s Certificate is not or cannot be delivered under Section 7.01(b), with the consent of a majority of the Controlling Class of the Outstanding Amount of the Notes.

 

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section, any amendment to this Agreement that affects the rights or the obligations of the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee will require the consent of such Trustee.

Section 7.02 Assignment; Benefit of Agreement; Third Party Beneficiaries.

(a) Assignment. Except as stated in Section 5.04, this Agreement may not be assigned by the Asset Representations Reviewer without the consent of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer.

(b) Benefit of Agreement; Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is for the benefit of and will be binding on the parties and their permitted successors and assigns. The Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee, for the benefit of the Noteholders, will be third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement and may enforce this Agreement against the Asset Representations Reviewer and the Servicer. No other Person will have any right or obligation under this Agreement.

Section 7.03 Notices.

(a) Notices to Parties. All notices, requests, demands, consents, waivers or other communications to or from the parties must be in writing and will be considered given:

(i) for overnight mail, on delivery or, for registered first class mail, postage prepaid, three (3) days after deposit in the mail;

(ii) for a fax, when receipt is confirmed by telephone, reply email or reply fax from the recipient;

(iii) for an email, when receipt is confirmed by telephone or reply email from the recipient; and

(iv) for an electronic posting to a password-protected website to which the recipient has access, on delivery of an email (without the requirement of confirmation of receipt) stating that the electronic posting has occurred.

(b) Notice Addresses. Any notice, request, demand, consent, waiver or other communication provided hereunder shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Section 7.04 GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)). EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, LOCATED IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN AND THE FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON

 

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Representations Review Agreement


FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

Section 7.05 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

Section 7.06 No Waiver; Remedies. No party’s failure to exercise and no delay in exercising any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege. The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided are cumulative and not exhaustive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

Section 7.07 Severability. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall for any reason whatsoever be held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions and terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement.

Section 7.08 Headings. The headings in this Agreement are included for convenience and will not affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

Section 7.09 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts. Each counterpart will be an original and all counterparts will together be one document. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


Section 7.10 Legal Fees Associated with Indemnification. With respect to any indemnification provisions in this Agreement providing that a party to this Agreement is required to indemnify another party to this Agreement for attorney’s fees and expenses, such fees and expenses are intended to include attorney’s fees and expenses relating to the enforcement of such indemnity.

[Remainder of Page Left Blank]

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Sponsor and the Asset Representations Reviewer have caused their names to be signed hereto by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above written.

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, as Issuing Entity
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee on behalf of the Issuing Entity
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, as Grantor Trust
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee on behalf of the Grantor Trust
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA, LLC, as Administrator
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA, LLC, as Sponsor
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature Page to Asset Representations Review Agreement]


BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC, as Servicer
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CLAYTON FIXED INCOME SERVICES LLC,

as Asset Representations Reviewer

By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature Page to Asset Representations Review Agreement]


Schedule A

Review Materials

Collateral Custodian Review Materials

Receivable File

Servicer Review Materials

Servicer File

Servicer System of Record

List of Approved Contract Forms

Sponsor Review Materials

Data Tape

 

 

  Sch. A   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Schedule B

Representations, Warranties and Tests

Representation and Warranty

Characteristics of Receivables. Such Receivable (1) was originated in the United States of America for the retail sale of a Financed Vehicle in the ordinary course of the Seller’s business; (2) was executed or electronically authenticated by the parties thereto; (3) contains customary and enforceable provisions such that the rights and remedies of the holder thereof are adequate for realization against the Financed Vehicle; (4) provides for level scheduled monthly payments that fully amortize the amount financed by maturity and yields interest at the Annual Percentage Rate (except that the last payment may be smaller or greater than the level payments); (5) is secured by a Financed Vehicle; (6) is a Simple Interest Receivable; (7) as of the Cutoff Date, was not considered a Delinquent Receivable for more than 30 days; (8) has an original term of not greater than 78 monthly payments; (9) has a Deal Score equal to or greater than 50 at the time of origination; (10) has an Obligor with a FICO score equal to or greater than 550 at the time of origination; and (11) has a fixed Annual Percentage Rate of not more than 28%.

Documents

Receivable File

List of Approved Contract Forms

Data Tape

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Origination

 

  a.

Review the Contract and confirm that the address for each of the Seller and the Obligor is a United States address.

 

  (ii)

Execution or Electronic Authentication

 

  a.

Review the Contract and verify it was executed or electronically authenticated by the Obligor, co-buyer (if applicable) and the Seller.

 

  (iii)

Customary and Enforceable Provisions

 

  a.

Confirm the Contract form number and revision date are listed on the List of Approved Contract Forms.

 

  (iv)

Fully Amortizing Payment Schedule

 

  Sch. B-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

  a.

Review the Contract and confirm that all payments are equivalent with the exception of the last payment.

 

  b.

Review the Truth-in-Lending section of the Contract, calculate the product of the Amount of Payments with the Number of Payments, and confirm that this amount is equal to the Total of Payments.

 

  (v)

Financed Vehicle

 

  a.

Review the “Year”, “Make” and “Model” sections of the Retail Sale Contract and confirm that the Financed Vehicle constitutes a used automobile, light-duty truck, minivan or sport utility vehicle.

 

  (vi)

Simple Interest

 

  a.

Review the Contract and confirm that the Receivable is a Simple Interest Receivable.

 

  (vii)

Delinquency

 

  a.

Review the Data Tape and confirm that payment in excess of 10% of a Scheduled Payment on such Receivable was not more than 30 days past due as of the Cutoff Date.

 

  (viii)

Maturity

 

  a.

Review the Contract and confirm that the Receivable had an original term to maturity of not greater than 78 monthly payments.

 

  (ix)

Deal Score

 

  a.

Review the Data Tape and confirm that the Deal Score is equal to or greater than 50 at the time of origination.

 

  (x)

FICO Score

 

  a.

Review the Data Tape and confirm that the FICO score is equal to or greater than 550 at the time of origination.

 

  (xi)

Contract Fixed Rate

 

  a.

Confirm that the fixed annual percentage rate is not more than 28%.

 

  (xii)

If (i) through (xi) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Compliance with Law. Such Receivable and the sale of the related Financed Vehicle complied at the time it was originated or made and, at the execution of this Agreement, complies in all material respects with all requirements of applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations thereunder, including usury laws, the federal Truth-in-Lending Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s Regulations B and Z, and State adaptations of the National Consumer Act and of the Uniform Consumer Credit Code, and other consumer credit laws and equal credit opportunity and disclosure laws.

Documents

Receivable File

List of Approved Contract Forms

Servicer System of Record

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Contract and confirm that the form number and revision date are on the List of Approved Contract Forms.

 

  (ii)

Confirm that the following disclosures are included in the Contract:

 

  (A)

Prepayment disclosure

 

  (B)

Late payment policy including the late charge amount (or calculation)

 

  (C)

Security Interest Disclosure

 

  (D)

Contract Reference

 

  (E)

Insurance Requirements

 

  (iii)

Review the Servicer System of Record and Receivable File to confirm that there is no evidence of any judgment against Carvana indicating that the Contract was originated in violation of applicable law.

 

  (iv)

Review the Servicer System of Record and Receivable File to confirm that there is no evidence of any obligor(s) alleging non-compliance.

 

  (v)

If steps (i) through (iv) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Binding Obligation. Such Receivable represents the legal, valid and binding obligation of the related Obligor, enforceable in all material respects by the holder thereof in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws, affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, any state or federal consumer protection laws or regulations and except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity (whether considered in a suit at law or in equity).

Documents

Receivable File

List of Approved Forms

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Confirm that the Contract’s form number and revision date are on the List of Approved Contract Forms.

 

  (ii)

Confirm that the Obligor(s) signed or electronically authenticated the Contract.

 

  (iii)

If steps (i) and (ii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

No Government Obligor. Such Receivable is not due from the United States of America or any State or from any agency, department or instrumentality of the United States of America or any State.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the buyer section on the Contract and confirm that a person’s or business name is reported.

 

  (ii)

If the buyer section on the Contract does not report a person’s or business name, confirm that the internet search results do not indicate the buyer to be a government agency, department, political subdivision or instrumentality.

 

  (iii)

If (i) or (ii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Security Interest in Financed Vehicle. Immediately prior to the transfer of the Receivable by the Seller to the Depositor, such Receivable was secured by a valid, binding and enforceable first priority perfected security interest in favor of the Seller in the related Financed Vehicle, or all necessary and appropriate actions shall have been commenced that would result in the valid perfection of a first priority security interest in favor of the Seller in the Financed Vehicle, which security interest has been validly assigned by the Seller to the Depositor.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Confirm that the Certificate of Title or application therefor reports the Title Lien Nominee as the first lien holder.

 

  (ii)

Confirm that the Obligor name on the contract matches the name on the title documents.

 

  (iii)

Confirm that the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) on the Contract matches the vehicle identification number as reported on Certificate of Title.

 

  (iv)

If (i) through (iii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-6   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Receivables in Force. The Receivable has not been satisfied, subordinated or rescinded, nor has the related Financed Vehicle been released from the Lien granted by the related Receivable in whole or in part.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Confirm that there is no indication in the Receivable File that the Receivable was subordinated or rescinded.

 

  (ii)

Confirm that there is no indication in the Receivable File that the Receivable was satisfied prior to the Cutoff Date.

 

  (iii)

Confirm that there is no indication in the Receivable File that the Financed Vehicle has been released from the lien in whole or in part.

 

  (iv)

If (i) through (iii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-7   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

No Waiver. No provision of the related Contract has been waived, amended or rewritten nor have any amounts due and owing thereunder deferred or waived (except waivers, amendments, rewrites, deferrals or waivers in all material respects in accordance with the Customary Servicing Practices).

Documents

Receivable File

Servicer File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Receivable File and confirm that no provision has been waived, amended, or rewritten.

 

  (ii)

Review the Servicer File and confirm no amounts due and owing have been deferred or waived other than in accordance with the Customary Servicing Practices.

 

  (iii)

If step (i) and (ii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-8   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

No Defenses. Such Receivable (a) is not subject to any offset, counterclaim or defense whatsoever (except the discharge in bankruptcy of such Obligor), and (b) with respect thereto (i) there is no material breach, default, violation or event of acceleration existing under the related Contract, and there is no event which, with the passage of time, or with notice and the expiration of any grace or cure period, would constitute a default, breach, violation or event of acceleration (excluding in the case of this clause (i) any payment default continuing for a period of not more than 30 days as of the Cutoff Date) and (ii) to the best of the Seller’s knowledge, no right of rescission, setoff, counterclaim or defense shall have been asserted or threatened.

Documents

Receivable File

Data Tape

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Data Tape and confirm that there is no evidence of litigation or other attorney involvement as of the Closing Date.

 

  (ii)

Confirm that there is no indication of breach, default, violation or event of acceleration existing under the related Contract:

 

  a.

Confirm in the Data Tape that no payment default other than payment delinquencies of not more than 30 days were not present as of the Cutoff Date.

 

  b.

Confirm in the Data Tape that no right of rescission, setoff, counterclaim or defense have been asserted or threatened.

 

  (iii)

If (i) and (ii) are confirmed, Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-9   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

No Liens. To the Seller’s knowledge, no liens or claims have been filed for work, labor or materials relating to the related Financed Vehicle that are liens prior or equal to the security interest in the related Financed Vehicle granted by such Receivable.

Documents

Receivable File

Servicer File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Servicer File and the Receivable File and confirm that there are no liens or claims prior or equal to the security interest in the related Financed Vehicle.

 

  (ii)

If (i) is confirmed, Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-10   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Insurance. At the time of origination by the Seller, the related Financed Vehicle was covered by an Insurance Policy that covers physical loss or damage in at least the minimum amount required by the state in which the related Obligor resides, the related Obligor is required under the terms of the related Contract to maintain such Insurance Policy, and there are no forced-placed insurance premiums added to the amount financed.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Confirm that the Contract contains language that requires the Obligor to obtain and maintain insurance against physical damage to the Financed Vehicle.

 

  (ii)

If (i) is confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-11   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Certificate of Title. (a) A Title Lien Nominee is named as the first lien holder on the Certificate of Title for the related Financed Vehicle, or if a new or replacement Certificate of Title is being or will be applied for with respect to such Financed Vehicle, documentation has been or will be submitted to obtain title thereto noting such Person as lien holder and such title is free and clear of all Liens and adverse claims that are equal or superior to the Lien of such Person and its assigns and if the Certificate of Title has not been received, the Collateral Custodian will have received a copy of the title application when available or (b) in those states that permit electronic recordation of Liens, such Person is named as the first lien holder on the Certificate of Title for the related Financed Vehicle on the electronic lien and title system of the applicable state, or the Servicer or the Seller has submitted for electronic recordation, by either a third-party service provider or the relevant state registrar of titles, for such Person to be named as the lien holder on the Certificate of Title on the electronic lien and title system of the applicable state and if a confirmation has not been received, the Collateral Custodian will have received a copy of the electronic submission when available and such title is free and clear of all Liens and adverse claims that are equal or superior to the Lien of such Person and its assigns.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Confirm that the Certificate of Title shows the Title Lien Nominee as the first lienholder; or

 

  (ii)

Confirm that, if the Certificate of Title does not show the Title Lien Nominee as the first lienholder, the Receivable File contains a title application.

 

  (iii)

If (i) and (ii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-12   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

No Bankruptcies. To the Seller’s knowledge, as of the Cutoff Date, the related Obligor on such Receivable is not currently the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding.

Documents

Receivable File

Data Tape

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Data Tape and confirm that the Obligor was not the subject of a bankruptcy proceeding as of the Cutoff Date.

 

  (ii)

If (i) is confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-13   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

No Repossessions. Such Receivable was not secured by a Financed Vehicle that had been repossessed without reinstatement of the related Contract. As of the Cutoff Date, no investigation has been initiated by the Seller or an Affiliate of the Seller (excluding the Servicer and any subsidiary thereof) to determine the whereabouts of the related Financed Vehicle or the related Obligor for the purposes of the repossession of the related Financed Vehicle.

Documents

Data Tape

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Data Tape to confirm, as of the Cutoff Date, that the Receivable was not secured by a Financed Vehicle that had been repossessed without reinstatement of the related Contract.

 

  (ii)

If (i) is confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-14   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Chattel Paper. Such Receivable constitutes any of “chattel paper,” an “account,” an “instrument” or a “general intangible” as defined in the UCC.

Documents

Receivable File

List of Approved Contract Forms

Data Tape

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Confirm that the Contract’s form number and revision date are included on the List of Approved Contract Forms.

 

  (ii)

Confirm that the Amount Financed as of the Cutoff Date, as reported within the Data Tape, is greater than zero.

 

  (iii)

Confirm that the Certificate of Titles shows there is documentation of a lien against the financed vehicle.

 

  (iv)

If steps (i) through (iii) are confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-15   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


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Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

One Authoritative Copy or Original. Such Receivable is evidenced by only one Authoritative Copy, the record or records composing the electronic chattel paper are created, stored and assigned in such a manner that (A) a single Authoritative Copy of the record or records exists which is unique, identifiable and unalterable (other than a revision that is readily identifiable as an authorized or unauthorized revision) other than with the participation of the Collateral Custodian in the case of an addition or amendment of a permitted and identifiable assignee, (B) each copy of the Authoritative Copy and any copy of a copy is readily identifiable as a copy that is not the Authoritative Copy, and (C) the Authoritative Copy has been communicated to and is maintained by the Collateral Custodian.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

There is only one Authoritative Copy of the Receivable with respect to “electronic chattel paper”.

 

  a.

Review the Authoritative Copy of the contract for the Receivable. Verify it is unique, identifiable, and unalterable.

 

  i.

Ensure all parties have executed the authoritative copy.

 

  b.

Ensure in the contract has been marked as an Authoritative Copy.

 

  (ii)

Copies are easily identifiable as copies.

 

  (iii)

Ensure the Authoritative Copy has been communicated to and is maintained by the Collateral Custodian.

 

  (iv)

If (i) through (iii) are confirmed, the Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-16   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Prepayment. Such Receivable provides that a prepayment by the related Obligor will fully pay the principal balance and accrued interest through the date of prepayment based on such Receivable’s Annual Percentage Rate.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Contract and confirm that it includes a prepayment disclosure allowing the Obligor to pay off the account early.

 

  (ii)

If (i) is confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-17   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement


LOGO

 

Carvana Retail Agreed Upon Procedures

 

Representation and Warranty

Origination Date. The Receivable was originated at least eight days prior to the Cutoff Date.

Documents

Receivable File

Procedures to be Performed

 

  (i)

Review the Receivable File and confirm that it was originated eight days prior to the Cutoff Date.

 

  (ii)

If (i) is confirmed, then Test Passes.

 

  Sch. B-18   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Asset

Representations Review Agreement

Exhibit 10.7

 

 

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

TRUST AGREEMENT

CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC,

as Depositor

and

BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,

as Owner Trustee

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     1  

Section 1.1

  Definitions      1  

ARTICLE II ORGANIZATION

     1  

Section 2.1

  Name      1  

Section 2.2

  Office      1  

Section 2.3

  Purposes and Powers      2  

Section 2.4

  Appointment of Owner Trustee      3  

Section 2.5

  Initial Capital Contribution of Owner Trust Estate      3  

Section 2.6

  Declaration of Trust      3  

Section 2.7

  Liability of the Certificateholders      3  

Section 2.8

  Title to Trust Property      3  

Section 2.9

  Situs of Trust      4  

Section 2.10

  Representations and Warranties of the Depositor      4  

Section 2.11

  Tax Treatment      5  

ARTICLE III THE CERTIFICATES

     6  

Section 3.1

  Initial Certificate Ownership      6  

Section 3.2

  Form of the Certificates      6  

Section 3.3

  Execution, Authentication and Delivery      8  

Section 3.4

  Registration of Certificates; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Certificates      9  

Section 3.5

  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Certificates      14  

Section 3.6

  Persons Deemed Certificateholders      15  

Section 3.7

  Access to List of Certificateholders’ Names and Addresses      15  

Section 3.8

  Maintenance of Corporate Trust Office and Records      15  

Section 3.9

  Appointment of Paying Agent      15  

Section 3.10

  Depositor as Certificateholder      16  

Section 3.11

  Rule 144A Information      16  

Section 3.12

  Definitive Certificates      16  

Section 3.13

  Notices to Clearing Agency      17  

Section 3.14

  Restrictions on Certificate Acquisitions      17  

 

  -i-    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

ARTICLE IV ACTIONS BY OWNER TRUSTEE

     18  

Section 4.1

  Prior Notice to Certificateholders with Respect to Certain Matters      18  

Section 4.2

  Action by Certificateholders with Respect to Certain Matters      18  

Section 4.3

  Action by Certificateholders with Respect to Bankruptcy      19  

Section 4.4

  Restrictions on Certificateholders’ Power      19  

Section 4.5

  Majority Control      19  

ARTICLE V APPLICATION OF TRUST FUNDS; CERTAIN DUTIES

     19  

Section 5.1

  Establishment of Certificate Distribution Account      19  

Section 5.2

  Application of Trust Funds      20  

Section 5.3

  Method of Payment      21  

Section 5.4

  Accounting and Reports to the Certificateholders, the Internal Revenue Service and Others      21  

Section 5.5

  Tax Returns; Other Tax Matters      21  

ARTICLE VI THE OWNER TRUSTEE

     22  

Section 6.1

  Duties of Owner Trustee      22  

Section 6.2

  Rights of Owner Trustee      23  

Section 6.3

  Acceptance of Trusts and Duties      23  

Section 6.4

  Action upon Instruction by Certificateholders      27  

Section 6.5

  Furnishing of Documents      28  

Section 6.6

  Representations and Warranties of Owner Trustee      28  

Section 6.7

  Reliance; Advice of Counsel      29  

Section 6.8

  Owner Trustee May Own Certificates and Notes      29  

Section 6.9

  Compensation and Indemnity      30  

Section 6.10

  Replacement of Owner Trustee      31  

Section 6.11

  Merger or Consolidation of Owner Trustee      32  

Section 6.12

  Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee      32  

Section 6.13

  Eligibility Requirements for Owner Trustee      33  

ARTICLE VII TERMINATION OF TRUST AGREEMENT

     34  

Section 7.1

  Termination of Trust Agreement      34  

ARTICLE VIII AMENDMENTS

     35  

 

  -ii-    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

Section 8.1

  Amendments Without Consent of Certificateholders or Noteholders      35  

Section 8.2

  Amendments With Consent of Securityholders      35  

Section 8.3

  Form of Amendments      36  

ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS

     37  

Section 9.1

  No Legal Title to Owner Trust Estate      37  

Section 9.2

  Limitations on Rights of Others      37  

Section 9.3

  Derivative Actions      37  

Section 9.4

  Notices      37  

Section 9.5

  Severability      37  

Section 9.6

  Counterparts      38  

Section 9.7

  Successors and Assigns      38  

Section 9.8

  No Petition      38  

Section 9.9

  No Recourse      39  

Section 9.10

  Headings      39  

Section 9.11

  Governing Law      39  

Section 9.12

  Effect of Amendment and Restatement      40  

Section 9.13

  Information to be Provided by the Owner Trustee      40  

Section 9.14

  Electronic Means      42  

 

  -iii-    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


This AMENDED AND RESTATED TRUST AGREEMENT, dated as of May 25, 2022 (this “Agreement”), is between CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, in its capacity as a depositor (the “Depositor”), and BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, a Delaware banking corporation, as trustee and not in its individual capacity (the “Owner Trustee”).

WHEREAS, a certain Trust Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2021, and effective as of August 10, 2021, was previously entered into (the “Original Trust Agreement”), that contemplated this Trust Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the Depositor, the Sponsor and the Owner Trustee desire hereby to amend and restate the Original Trust Agreement in its entirety.

NOW, THEREFORE, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee hereby agree and the Sponsor and Computershare Trust Company, National Association acknowledge and agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.1 Definitions. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Trust Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

ARTICLE II

ORGANIZATION

Section 2.1 Name. The Trust continued hereby shall be known as Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 (the “Trust”), in which name the Owner Trustee or the Administrator (to the extent set forth in the Transaction Documents) may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute contracts and other instruments on behalf of the Trust and sue and be sued on behalf of the Trust. The Certificate of Trust and the amendment to the Certificate of Trust were filed on behalf of the Trust pursuant to Section 3810 of the Statutory Trust Act.

Section 2.2 Office. The office of the Trust shall be in care of the Owner Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office or at such other address in Delaware as the Owner Trustee may designate by written notice to the Certificateholders, the Depositor and the Administrator.

 

     CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


Section 2.3 Purposes and Powers. The purpose of the Trust is, and the Trust shall have the power and authority, to engage in the following activities:

(a) to acquire the Receivables from the Depositor for contribution to the Grantor Trust and to manage and hold the Receivables and the related Contracts;

(b) to issue the Notes pursuant to the Indenture and the Certificates pursuant to this Agreement, to sell, transfer or exchange the Notes and the Certificates, to pay interest and principal of the Notes and to make distributions to the Certificateholders;

(c) to acquire the Grantor Trust Certificate from the Grantor Trust and to convey the Third Step Transferred Property to the Grantor Trust pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement;

(d) to pay the organizational, start-up and transactional expenses of the Trust to the extent not paid by the Depositor or the initial Certificateholders;

(e) to assign, grant, transfer, pledge, mortgage and convey the Owner Trust Estate pursuant to the terms of the Indenture and to hold, manage and distribute to the Certificateholders, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and the Indenture, any portion of the Owner Trust Estate released from the lien of, and remitted to the Trust pursuant to, the Indenture;

(f) to enter into and perform its obligations and exercise its rights under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the Acknowledgement Agreement and any additional agreement, document, letter or undertaking executed in connection with the Transaction Documents, the Acknowledgement Agreement or the transactions described therein to which it is a party;

(g) to engage in those activities, including entering into agreements, that are necessary, suitable or convenient to accomplish the foregoing or are incidental thereto or connected therewith; and

(h) subject to compliance with the Transaction Documents, to engage in such other activities as may be required in connection with conservation of the Owner Trust Estate and the making of distributions to the Securityholders.

Each of the Owner Trustee or the Administrator, as applicable, is hereby authorized to engage in the foregoing activities on behalf of the Trust. The Trust shall not engage in any activity other than in connection with the foregoing or other than as required or authorized by the terms of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or in any other document, neither the Trust nor the Owner Trustee (nor any agent of either person) shall be authorized or empowered to acquire any other investments, reinvest any proceeds of the Trust or engage in activities other than the foregoing, and, in particular neither the Trust nor the Owner Trustee (nor any agent of either person) shall be authorized or empowered to do anything that would cause the Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

 

  2    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


Section 2.4 Appointment of Owner Trustee. The Depositor hereby appoints the Owner Trustee as trustee of the Trust to have all the rights, powers and duties set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Act and the Owner Trustee accepts such appointment.

Section 2.5 Initial Capital Contribution of Owner Trust Estate. In accordance with Section 3802(a) of the Statutory Trust Act, the Depositor has not made, and is not required to make, a contribution to the Trust. The Depositor shall pay organizational expenses of the Trust as they may arise or shall, upon the request of the Owner Trustee, promptly reimburse the Owner Trustee for any such expenses paid by the Owner Trustee.

Section 2.6 Declaration of Trust. The Owner Trustee hereby declares that it shall hold the Owner Trust Estate in the name of the Trust and not in the Owner Trustee’s name for the Trust, except as required by and in accordance with Section 2.8, in trust upon and subject to the conditions set forth herein for the use and benefit of the Certificateholders, subject to the obligations of the Trust under the Transaction Documents. It is the intention of the parties hereto that the Trust constitute a statutory trust under the Statutory Trust Act, that this Agreement constitute the governing instrument of such statutory trust and that the Certificates represent the beneficial interests therein. The rights of the Certificateholders shall be determined as set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Act and the relationship between the parties hereto created by this Agreement shall not constitute indebtedness for any purpose. Effective as of the date hereof, the Owner Trustee shall have all rights, powers and duties set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Act with respect to accomplishing the purposes of the Trust.

Section 2.7 Liability of the Certificateholders. Certificateholders shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

Section 2.8 Title to Trust Property. Legal title to all of the Owner Trust Estate shall be vested at all times in the Trust as a separate legal entity except where applicable law in any jurisdiction requires title to any part of the Owner Trust Estate to be vested in a trustee or trustees, in which case title shall be deemed to be transferred to and vested in the Owner Trustee, a co-trustee or a separate trustee, as the case may be; provided that in no event shall title to, or any ownership interest in, any part of the Owner Trust Estate be vested in the name of the Owner Trustee without the express prior written consent of the Owner Trustee (which may be withheld or conditioned by the Owner Trustee for any reason in good faith). Any such trustee shall take such part of the Owner Trust Estate subject to the security interest of the Indenture Trustee therein established under the Indenture. Any such trustee’s acceptance of its appointment shall constitute acknowledgment of such security interest and shall constitute a Grant to the Indenture Trustee of a security interest in all property held by such trustee. The Administrator, on behalf of any such trustee, shall prepare and file all such financing statements naming the Trust as debtor that are necessary or advisable to perfect, make effective or continue the lien and security interest of the Indenture Trustee.

 

  3    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


Section 2.9 Situs of Trust. The Trust shall be located and administered in the States of Delaware or New York. All bank accounts maintained by the Owner Trustee on behalf of the Trust shall be located in the State of Delaware or the State of New York. The Trust shall not have any employees in any State other than the State of Delaware; provided, however, that nothing herein shall restrict or prohibit the Owner Trustee from having employees within or without the State of Delaware. Payments shall be received by the Trust only in the State of Delaware or the State of New York, and payments shall be made by the Trust only from the State of Delaware or the State of New York. The only office of the Trust shall be the Corporate Trust Office of the Owner Trustee in the State of Delaware.

Section 2.10 Representations and Warranties of the Depositor. The Depositor hereby represents and warrants to the Owner Trustee that:

(a) The Depositor has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with power and authority to own its properties and to conduct its business as such properties are presently owned and such business is presently conducted and had at all relevant times, and now has, power, authority and legal right to acquire and own the Receivables and related Contracts contemplated to be transferred to the Trust pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement.

(b) The Depositor is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity in good standing, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals, in all jurisdictions in which the ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications except where the failure to qualify could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect or where such license or approval has been applied for.

(c) The Depositor has the power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Depositor is a party and to carry out its terms, the Depositor has full power and authority to sell and assign the property to be sold and assigned to and deposited with the Trust as part of the Owner Trust Estate and the Depositor has duly authorized such sale and assignment to the Trust by all necessary limited liability company action; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by the Depositor by all necessary limited liability company action.

(d) This Agreement, when duly executed and delivered, shall constitute legal, valid and binding obligation of the Depositor enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(e) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Depositor is a party, and the fulfillment of the terms of this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Depositor is a party do not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time) a default under, the Depositor’s Formation Documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Depositor, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Depositor’s properties pursuant to the terms of any such Formation Documents or Contractual Obligation, other than this Agreement, or (iii) to the best of the Depositor’s knowledge, violate any Applicable Law.

 

  4    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


Section 2.11 Tax Treatment.

(a) The Depositor and Owner Trustee, by entering into this Agreement, express their intention that the Trust will be treated, for United States federal income tax purposes, as a grantor trust and it is neither the purpose nor the intent of the parties hereto to create a partnership, joint venture or association taxable as a corporation. If the Depositor is not the sole owner or beneficial owner of the Certificates, through sale of the Certificates, issuance by the Trust of additional Certificates to a Person other than the Depositor or otherwise, the Depositor and the Owner Trustee, by entering into this Agreement, and the Certificateholders, by acquiring any Certificates or interest therein, (i) express their intention that the Certificates will, for United States federal income tax purposes, qualify as interests in a grantor trust and (ii) unless otherwise required by the appropriate taxing authorities, agree to treat the Certificates as interests in an entity as described in clause (i) of this Section 2.11 for United States federal income tax purposes. The parties agree that, unless otherwise required by appropriate tax authorities, the Trust shall file or cause to be filed annual or other necessary returns, reports and other forms consistent with such characterization of the Trust for such tax purposes. In furtherance of the foregoing, (i) the purpose of the Trust shall be to protect and conserve the assets of the Trust, and the Trust shall not at any time engage in or carry on any kind of business or any kind of commercial or investment activity other than as expressly permitted by this Agreement and (ii) the Trust and Owner Trustee (and any agent of either person) shall take, or refrain from taking, all such action as is necessary to maintain the status of the Trust as a grantor trust. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or otherwise, neither the Trust nor the Owner Trustee (nor any agent of either person) shall (1) acquire any assets or dispose of any portion of the Trust other than pursuant to the specific provisions of this Agreement, (2) vary the investment of the Trust within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 301.7701-4(c) or (3) substitute new investments or reinvest so as to enable the Trust to take advantage of variations in the market to improve the investment of any Certificateholder. The Owner Trustee shall not have any authority to manage, control, use, sell, dispose of or otherwise deal with any part of the Trust property except as required by the express terms of this Agreement in accordance with the powers granted to or the authority conferred upon the Owner Trustee pursuant to this Agreement.

(b) In the event that the Trust ceases to be treated as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes and is classified as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes, the provisions of this clause (b) shall apply. In such event, the Depositor (or a U.S. affiliate of the Depositor if the Depositor is ineligible) is hereby designated as the partnership representative under Section 6223(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) to the extent allowed under the law (and as the tax matters partner for any applicable state law purposes). The Trust shall (or the Depositor shall cause the Trust to, or the Depositor shall instruct the Administrator on behalf of the Trust to), to the extent eligible, make the election under Section 6221(b) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) with respect to determinations of adjustments at the partnership level and take any other action such as disclosures and notifications necessary to effectuate such election (including working with the Depositor to designate any designated individual required under the law). If the election described in the preceding sentence is not available, to the extent applicable, the Trust shall (or the Depositor shall cause the Trust to, or the Depositor shall instruct the Administrator on behalf of the Trust to) make the election under Section 6226(a) of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) with respect to the alternative to payment of imputed underpayment by

 

  5    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


partnership and take any other action such as filings, disclosures and notifications necessary to effectuate such election. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust, Depositor and Administrator are each authorized, in its sole discretion, to make any available election related to Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law) and take any action it deems necessary or appropriate to comply with the requirements of the Code and conduct the Trust’s affairs under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law). Each Certificateholder and, if different, each beneficial owner of a Certificate, shall promptly provide the Trust, Depositor and Administrator any requested information, documentation or material to enable the Trust to make any of the elections described in this clause (b) and otherwise comply with Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (and any corresponding provision of state law). Each Certificate Owner and, if different, each beneficial owner of a Certificate shall hold the Trust and its affiliates harmless for any expenses or losses (i) resulting from a beneficial owner of a Certificate not properly taking into account or paying its allocated adjustment or liability under Section 6226 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law) or (ii) suffered that are attributable to the management or defense of an audit under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code or otherwise due to actions it takes with respect to and to comply with the rules under Sections 6221 through 6241 of the Code (or any corresponding provision of state law).

ARTICLE III

THE CERTIFICATES

Section 3.1 Initial Certificate Ownership. Since the formation of the Trust and until the issuance of the Certificates, the Depositor has been the sole beneficiary of the Trust.

Section 3.2 Form of the Certificates.

(a) Each of the Certificates, upon original issuance, shall be issued in the form of Exhibit A hereto, representing Book-Entry Certificates.

(b) The Book-Entry Certificates shall be issued in an aggregate nominal principal amount of $100,000, and all beneficial interests in the Book-Entry Certificates shall be owned, in the minimum nominal principal amount of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1 in excess thereof. The Trust shall not issue any Certificate that would cause the aggregate nominal principal amount of all Certificates to exceed $100,000, or 100,000 units, without the prior written consent of all Certificateholders. No distributions of moneys to the Certificateholders under the Transaction Documents shall be deemed to reduce the nominal principal amount of any Certificate prior to payment in full of all Notes; provided, however, that the final aggregate $100,000 distributed to the Certificateholders under the Transaction Documents upon final distribution of the Owner Trust Estate and termination of the Trust pursuant to Section 7.1 shall be deemed to repay the aggregate nominal principal amount of the Certificates in full; and provided, further, that any failure to pay in full the nominal principal amount of a Certificate on such final Distribution Date shall not result in any recourse to, claim against or liability of any Person for such shortfall. Any amounts payable to the Certificateholders on or in respect of the Certificates under the Transaction Documents shall be paid and allocated to the various

 

  6    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


Certificateholders ratably based on their respective Percentage Interests. Such Book-Entry Certificates shall initially be registered on the Certificate Register in the name of the Certificate Depository (initially, Cede & Co.), and no Certificate Owner shall receive a Definitive Certificate representing such Certificate Owner’s interest in such Book-Entry Certificate, except as provided in Section 3.12. After such time as Book-Entry Certificates have been issued and unless and until Definitive Certificates have been issued to the applicable Certificateholders pursuant to Section 3.12 in exchange for the Book-Entry Certificates:

(i) the provisions of this Section shall be in full force and effect;

(ii) the Certificate Registrar, the Paying Agent and the Owner Trustee shall be entitled to deal with the Clearing Agency for all purposes of this Agreement (including the payment of amounts payable under the Transaction Documents and the giving of instructions or directions hereunder) as the sole Certificateholders of the Certificates other than the Definitive Certificates, and shall have no obligation to the Certificate Owners other than the Certificateholders of the Definitive Certificates;

(iii) to the extent that the provisions of this Section conflict with any other provisions of this Agreement, the provisions of this Section shall control;

(iv) the rights of Certificate Owners (other than the Certificateholders of the Definitive Certificates) shall be exercised only through the Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between or among such Certificate Owners and the Clearing Agency or the Clearing Agency Participants or Persons acting through Clearing Agency Participants. Pursuant to the Certificate Depository Agreement, unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued pursuant to Section 3.12, the initial Clearing Agency shall make book-entry transfers among the Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit payments due under the Transaction Documents with regard to the Book-Entry Certificates to such Clearing Agency Participants;

(v) whenever this Agreement requires or permits actions to be taken based upon instructions or directions of Certificateholders evidencing a specified Percentage Interest, the Clearing Agency shall deliver instructions to the Owner Trustee only to the extent that it has received instructions to such effect from Certificate Owners or Clearing Agency Participants or Persons acting through Clearing Agency Participants owning or representing, respectively, such required percentage of the beneficial interest in the Book-Entry Certificates;

(vi) owners of a beneficial interest in a Book-Entry Certificate shall not be entitled to have any portion of a Book-Entry Certificate registered in their names and shall not be considered to be the Certificateholders of any Book-Entry Certificates under this Agreement; and

(vii) payments on a Book-Entry Certificate shall be made to the Clearing Agency, or its nominee, as the registered owner thereof, and none of the Trust, the Owner Trustee or the Paying Agent shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in a Book- Entry Certificate or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to the beneficial ownership interests.

 

  7    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


(c) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary herein, so long as a Book-Entry Certificate remains outstanding and is held by or on behalf of the Clearing Agency, transfers of a Book-Entry Certificate, in whole or in part, shall only be made in accordance with Section 3.4. Subject to Section 3.4, transfers of a Book-Entry Certificate shall be limited to transfers of such Book-Entry Certificate in whole, but not in part, to a nominee of the Clearing Agency or to a successor of the Clearing Agency or such successor’s nominee.

(d) In the event that a Book-Entry Certificate is exchanged for one or more Definitive Certificates pursuant to Section 3.12, such Certificates may be exchanged for one another only in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and with such procedures as may be from time to time adopted by the Trust and the Owner Trustee.

(e) The Certificates shall represent the entire undivided beneficial interest in the Trust. The Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Trust by manual or facsimile signature of a Responsible Officer of the Owner Trustee. Certificates bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were, at the time when such signatures shall have been affixed, authorized to sign on behalf of the Trust, shall be duly issued, fully paid and non-assessable beneficial interests in the Trust, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them shall have ceased to be so authorized prior to the authentication and delivery of such Certificates or did not hold such offices at the date of authentication and delivery of such Certificates.

(f) The Certificates shall be typewritten, printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods (with or without steel engraved borders) all as determined by the officers executing such Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of such Certificates. The Certificates shall be issued in fully-registered form. The beneficial interests in the Certificates may be purchased in the minimum nominal principal denomination of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1 in excess thereof. Each $100 in nominal principal amount of the Certificates shall equal a 0.1% Percentage Interest. No Certificate shall be issued that would cause the aggregate nominal principal amount of all Certificates (including those retained by the Depositor or a majority-owned affiliate of the Sponsor) to exceed $100,000, or 100,000 units, without the prior written consent of all Certificateholders.

(g) The terms of the Certificates set forth in Exhibit A shall form part of this Agreement. Certificate Owners, by their acceptance of a beneficial interest in a Certificate, shall be deemed to have made the representations and agreements set forth in Exhibit A. If requested to do so by the Depositor, each transferee of a beneficial interest in a Certificate shall deliver an undertaking letter in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B to the Owner Trustee and the Depositor.

Section 3.3 Execution, Authentication and Delivery. Concurrently with the sale of the Receivables and related Contracts to the Trust pursuant to the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Owner Trustee shall cause Certificates representing the entire undivided beneficial interest in the Trust to be executed on behalf of the Trust, authenticated by the Certificate Registrar and delivered to or upon the written order of the Depositor, signed by its chairman of the board, its

 

  8    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


president, any vice president, secretary or any assistant secretary without further limited liability company action by the Depositor. No Certificate shall entitle its holder to any benefit under this Agreement, or shall be valid for any purpose, unless there shall appear on such Certificate a certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A, executed by the Certificate Registrar or the Certificate Registrar’s authenticating agent, by manual signature. Such authentication shall constitute conclusive evidence that such Certificate shall have been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. All Certificates shall be dated the date of their authentication.

Section 3.4 Registration of Certificates; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Certificates.

(a) The Depositor hereby appoints the Indenture Trustee as the initial certificate registrar, and in such capacity or any successor certificate registrar thereof (such entity, the “Certificate Registrar”), as an agent for the Trust, shall keep or cause to be kept, at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.8, a register (such register, the “Certificate Register”), in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Certificate Registrar shall provide for the registration of Certificates and of transfers and exchanges of Certificates as provided herein. Upon any resignation of a Certificate Registrar, the Depositor shall promptly appoint a successor or, if it elects not to make such an appointment, any court of competent jurisdiction may appoint a successor Certificate Registrar. The entries in the Certificate Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and the Trust, the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar and the Paying Agent shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Certificate Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Certificateholder hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement. This Section 3.4 shall be construed so that the Certificates under this Agreement are at all times maintained in “registered form” within the meaning of Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The Certificate Registrar shall record (a) the Percentage Interest assigned to each Certificate and (b) all distributions made to each Certificateholder with respect to the Trust’s assets.

(b) Any Certificateholder may at any time, without consent of the Noteholders, sell, transfer, convey or assign in any manner its rights to and interests in the Certificates (including its right to distributions from the Reserve Account), provided that: (A)(i) such transfer, conveyance or assignment is made to the Depositor or an Affiliate thereof, or such entity pledges its rights and interests in the Certificates or (B)(i) such action will not result in a reduction or withdrawal of the rating of any class of Notes, (ii) such transferee or assignee agrees to take positions for tax purposes consistent with the tax positions agreed to be taken by the Certificateholder, (iii) the conditions set forth in Section 3.4(h) and (j) have been satisfied and (iv) in connection with any transfer of less than all of the interests in the Certificates, the transferor and transferee shall specify the respective interests in the Certificates to be held by the transferor and transferee, which interests may be determined by a formula or on any other basis agreed by the transferor and transferee; and provided, further, that, after the Closing Date, no Retained Certificate shall be sold, transferred, conveyed or assigned unless counsel satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar has rendered an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (1) such sale, transfer, conveyance or assignment by the Depositor would not cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes and (2) all Retained Notes (excluding for this purpose Retained Notes to the extent

 

  9    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


such Retained Notes are not treated as outstanding for United States federal income tax purposes) that are Class A Notes, Class B Notes, Class C Notes and Class D Notes will, when issued, and that are Class N Notes should, when issued, be characterized as indebtedness for United States federal income tax purposes, provided, that the Opinion of Counsel required by clauses (1) and (2) shall not be required if (I) the Depositor sells, transfers, conveys or assigns such Retained Certificate to (y) an Affiliate of the Depositor treated as the Depositor for United States federal income tax purposes or (z) an Affiliate of the Depositor where such Retained Certificates transferred to such Affiliate represents all of the issued Certificates of the Trust and such Affiliate (including a person treated as an Affiliate for United States federal income tax purposes) also owns all of the Retained Notes or (II) prior to the date of the effectiveness of such sale, transfer, conveyance or assignment by the Depositor, the Owner Trustee and the Administrator have received an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that all Retained Notes (excluding for this purpose Retained Notes to the extent such Retained Notes are not treated as outstanding for United States federal income tax purposes) that are Class A Notes, Class B Notes, Class C Notes and Class D Notes will, and that are Class N Notes should be characterized as indebtedness for United States federal income tax purposes. In addition, (i) such sale, pledge or other transfer shall be made to a person whom the transferor reasonably believes is a “qualified institutional buyer” (as defined in Rule 144A), acting for its own account (and not for the account of others) or as a fiduciary or agent for others (which others also are “qualified institutional buyers”) to whom notice is given that the sale, pledge or other transfer is being made in reliance on Rule 144A, (ii) such sale, pledge or other transfer shall occur outside of the United States to a Non-U.S. Person in accordance with Rule 903 or Rule 904 of Regulation S of the Securities Act (who must also be a “qualified institutional buyer”) and that person delivers any necessary certifications pursuant to this Agreement, or (iii) such sale, pledge or other transfer shall otherwise be made in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and, in the case of this clause (iii), in the event the Certificates are Definitive Certificates (A) the Certificate Registrar shall require that both the prospective transferor and the prospective transferee certify to the Owner Trustee and the Administrator in writing the facts surrounding such transfer, which certification shall be in form and substance satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Administrator, and (B) the Certificate Registrar shall require a written opinion of counsel (which shall not be at the expense of the Depositor, the Indenture Trustee, the Servicer, the Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee, the Administrator, Certificate Registrar or any other provider of services to the Trust), satisfactory to the Administrator to the effect that such transfer will not violate the Securities Act.

(c) The Administrator may conclusively rely upon advice of the Depositor in reviewing the form and substance of the certifications and opinions required by Sections 3.4(b)(iii)(A) and 3.4(b)(iii)(B) and the Certificate Registrar hereby agrees, upon request of the Administrator, to inform the Administrator as to whether or not it shall have received the opinion and certifications required by the foregoing sentence, but shall otherwise have no obligation with respect to the delivery, form, substance or sufficiency of such documents.

(d) [Reserved.]

 

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(e) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Certificate at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.8 and upon compliance with any provisions of this Agreement relating to such transfer, the Owner Trustee shall execute on behalf of the Trust, and the Certificate Registrar shall authenticate and deliver (or shall cause its authenticating agent to authenticate and deliver), in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Certificates of a like aggregate Percentage Interest in the Trust dated the date of authentication by the Certificate Registrar or any authenticating agent.

(f) At the option of a Holder, Certificates may be exchanged for other Certificates of a like aggregate Percentage Interest, as shown on the applicable Certificates, upon surrender of the Certificates to be exchanged at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.8. Whenever any Certificates are so surrendered for exchange, the Owner Trustee shall execute on behalf of the Trust, and the Certificate Registrar shall authenticate and deliver (or shall cause its authenticating agent to authenticate and deliver) one or more Certificates dated the date of authentication by the Certificate Registrar or any authenticating agent. Such Certificates shall be delivered to the Holder making the exchange.

(g) Every Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar duly executed by the Holder or his attorney duly authorized in writing and such other documents and instruments as may be required by Section 3.4(b). Each Certificate surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be canceled and subsequently destroyed or otherwise disposed of by the Owner Trustee or Certificate Registrar in accordance with its customary practice.

(h) The Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed and any other expenses of the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar in connection with any transfer or exchange of Certificates.

(i) The Certificates may not be acquired with the assets of or held by or for the account of a Benefit Plan Investor other than an “insurance company general account,” as defined in Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 95-60 (“PTCE 95-60”), whose underlying assets include less than 25% “plan assets” of Benefit Plan Investors, who is not and is not an affiliate of a person that has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the Trust or provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to such assets, and for which the purchase and holding of Certificates is eligible and satisfies all conditions for relief under PTCE 95-60. The Certificates also may not be acquired with the assets of or held by or for the account of any other plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) if such acquisition or holding would result in a violation of any Similar Law.

(j) Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate that is a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) shall deliver to the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar and Paying Agent on or prior to the date such person becomes a Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar or the Paying Agent), executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 certifying that such Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax. Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate that is not a United

 

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States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) shall deliver to the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar and the Paying Agent on or prior to the date such person becomes a Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar or the Paying Agent), executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, and to the extent such Certificateholder is not the beneficial owner of the Certificate, Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY accompanied by Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN, as applicable. In the case of a Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate that is not a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) and provides an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable (or Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY accompanied with a Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable) under this Section 3.4(j) in order to claim the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code (instead of, for example, claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party), such Certificateholder (or in the case of a Certificateholder providing such Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY, the beneficial owner of the Certificate) hereby represents and warrants that it is not a (i) “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (ii) “10 percent shareholder” of the Trust within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code or (iii) “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code.

(k) Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate, represents and agrees that, as a result of its own activities separate from those of the Trust, it would not be required to treat income from the Certificates as effectively connected to a United States trade or business of a person that is not a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), and it further acknowledges that the Trust Agreement provides that no Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate shall provide the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar, or Paying Agent with either an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) or an IRS Form W-8IMY (or successor form) to which an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) is attached (either directly or as part of another form attached to such IRS Form W-8IMY). Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate, represents and agrees that, no portion of such Certificate or any interest therein may be transferred, directly or indirectly, to any person that would provide an IRS Form W-8ECI or IRS Form W-8IMY with an attached IRS Form W-8ECI in response to the withholding requirements in the Trust Agreement.

(l) Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate that would be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax imposed by FATCA if such person were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), shall deliver to the Trust, the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar, Paying Agent, Administrator or any person designated by any of the foregoing (individually or collectively as the context may require, the “FATCA Administrator”) at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the FATCA Administrator such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the FATCA Administrator to comply with FATCA and to determine that such Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate has complied with such person’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment to such person.

 

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(m) No transfer of a Certificate shall be permitted if such transfer is effected through an established securities market or secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and any regulation thereunder.

(n) Each prospective transferee of a Certificate understands that the Certificates are being offered only in a transaction not involving any public offering in the United States within the meaning of the Securities Act, none of the Certificates have been or will be registered under the Securities Act, and, if in the future the transferee decides to offer, resell, pledge or otherwise transfer the Certificates, such Certificates may only be offered, resold, pledged or otherwise transferred in accordance with this Agreement and the applicable legend on such Certificates set forth below.

(o) Each transferee of a Certificate understands that an investment in the Certificates involves certain risks, including the risk of loss of all or a substantial part of its investment under certain circumstances. Each transferee acknowledges that it has had access to such financial and other information concerning the Trust and the Certificates as it deemed necessary or appropriate in order to make an informed investment decision with respect to its purchase of the Certificates. Each transferee acknowledges that it has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that the transferee is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of its investment in the Certificates, and the transferee and any accounts for which it is acting are each able to bear the economic risk of the holder’s or of its investment.

(p) No transferee of a Certificate will offer, transfer, pledge, sell or otherwise dispose of the Certificates or any interest in the Certificates to any Person in any manner, or solicit any offer to buy, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Certificates or any interest in the Certificates from any Person in any manner, or make any general solicitation by means of general advertising or in any other manner, or take any other action that would constitute a distribution of the Certificates under the Securities Act or that would render the disposition of the Certificates a violation of Section 5 of the Securities Act or any other applicable securities laws or require registration pursuant thereto, and will not authorize any Person to act on its behalf, in such manner with respect to the Certificates.

(q) In connection with the transfer of a Certificate, the Trust shall determine in its sole discretion that the transfer complies with the requirements of Sections 3.4(i) through 3.4(l) of this Agreement.

(r) Each transferee of a Certificate acknowledges that the Trust, the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar, any initial purchaser or placement agent and others will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the acknowledgements, representations, warranties and agreements in this Section 3.4 and agrees that if any of the acknowledgements, representations, warranties or agreements made by it in connection with its purchase of the Certificates are no longer accurate, the transferee will promptly notify the Trust, the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar, and any initial purchaser or placement agent.

 

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(s) Each Certificateholder and each transferee of a Certificate acknowledges that the Certificates will bear a legend substantially in the form of the legend appearing in the form of Certificate attached hereto as Exhibit A.

(t) If requested to do so by the Depositor, each transferee of a Definitive Certificate shall deliver an undertaking letter in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B to the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar, and the Depositor.

Section 3.5 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Certificates.

(a) If (i) any mutilated Certificate is surrendered to the Certificate Registrar, or the Certificate Registrar receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Certificate, and (ii) there is delivered to the Certificate Registrar, the Owner Trustee and the Trust such security or indemnity as may be required by them to hold each of them harmless, then, in the absence of actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Certificate Registrar or the Owner Trustee that such Certificate has been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Owner Trustee shall execute on behalf of the Trust, and the Certificate Registrar shall authenticate and deliver (or shall cause its authenticating agent to authenticate and deliver), in exchange for or in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate, a replacement Certificate of a like aggregate Percentage Interest in the Trust, as shown on the Certificate Register; provided, however, that if any such destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate, but not a mutilated Certificate, shall have become or within seven (7) days shall be payable, then, instead of issuing a replacement Certificate, the Paying Agent may make distributions to the registered Certificateholder of such destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate when so payable.

(b) If, after the delivery of a replacement Certificate or payment in respect of a destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate pursuant to Section 3.5(a), a protected purchaser of the original Certificate in lieu of which such replacement Certificate was issued presents for payment or distribution such original Certificate, the Certificate Registrar shall be entitled to recover such replacement Certificate (and any distributions or payments made with respect thereto) or such payment or distribution from the Person to whom it was delivered or any Person taking such replacement Certificate from such Person to whom such replacement Certificate was delivered or any assignee of such Person, except a protected purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by the Certificate Registrar in connection therewith.

(c) In connection with the issuance of any replacement Certificate under this Section 3.5, the Owner Trustee, and the Certificate Registrar may require the payment by the Holder of such Certificate of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other reasonable expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar) connected therewith.

(d) Any duplicate Certificate issued pursuant to this Section 3.5 in replacement of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate shall constitute an original additional beneficial interest in the Trust, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate shall be found at any time or be enforced by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Agreement equally and proportionately with any and all other Certificates duly issued hereunder.

 

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(e) The provisions of this Section 3.5 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificates.

Section 3.6 Persons Deemed Certificateholders. Subject to the provisions of Section 3.4 herein, prior to due presentation of a Certificate for registration of transfer, the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar and any Paying Agent may treat the Person in whose name any Certificate shall be registered in the Certificate Register as the Certificateholder of such Certificate for the purpose of receiving distributions pursuant to Article V and for all other purposes whatsoever, and neither the Owner Trustee nor the Certificate Registrar and the Paying Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

Section 3.7 Access to List of Certificateholders Names and Addresses. The Certificate Registrar shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Paying Agent and the Depositor, within fifteen (15) days after receipt by the Certificate Registrar of a request therefor from the Paying Agent or the Depositor in writing, a list of the names and addresses of the Certificateholders as of the most recent Record Date. Each Holder, by receiving and holding a Certificate, shall be deemed to have agreed not to hold any of the Paying Agent, the Depositor, the Certificate Registrar or the Owner Trustee accountable by reason of the disclosure of its name and address, regardless of the source from which such information was derived.

Section 3.8 Maintenance of Corporate Trust Office and Records. The Owner Trustee shall maintain an office or offices or agency or agencies where notices and demands to or upon the Owner Trustee in respect of the Certificates and the Transaction Documents may be served. The Owner Trustee initially designates its office located at 301 Bellevue Parkway, 3rd Floor, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration as its principal office for such purposes. The Owner Trustee shall give prompt written notice to the Depositor, the Paying Agent and the Certificateholders of any change in the location of the Owner Trustee or any such office or agency. The Owner Trustee shall maintain (or cause to be maintained) copies of all documents, instructions, notices and any other writings (in hard copy or electronic form), delivered to the Owner Trustee by any Person with respect to the Trust. The Certificate Registrar shall maintain an office or offices or agency or agencies where Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange. The Certificate Registrar initially designates its office located at 600 S. 4th Street, MAC N9300-070, Minneapolis, MN 55415, Attn: Corporate Trust Services – Asset Backed Administration, as its principal office for such purposes. The Certificate Registrar shall give prompt written notice to the Depositor, the Paying Agent, the Owner Trustee and the Certificateholders of any change in the location of the Certificate Register or any such office or agency.

Section 3.9 Appointment of Paying Agent. Except as otherwise provided in Section 5.2, the Paying Agent shall make distributions to Certificateholders from the Certificate Distribution Account pursuant to Section 5.2 and shall report the amounts of such distributions to the Owner Trustee and the Servicer. Any Paying Agent shall have the revocable power to withdraw funds from the Certificate Distribution Account for the purpose of making the

 

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distributions referred to above. The Owner Trustee may revoke such power and remove the Paying Agent if the Owner Trustee is directed by the Administrator in writing that the Paying Agent shall have failed to perform its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect. The Paying Agent shall initially be the Indenture Trustee, and any co-paying agent chosen by the Administrator. The Indenture Trustee shall be permitted to resign as Paying Agent upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to the Administrator. If the Indenture Trustee shall no longer be the Paying Agent, the Owner Trustee, upon receipt of written direction from the Administrator, shall appoint a successor to act as Paying Agent (which shall be a bank, insurance company or trust company). The Administrator shall cause such successor Paying Agent or any additional Paying Agent appointed by the Administrator to execute and deliver to the Owner Trustee an instrument in which such successor Paying Agent or additional Paying Agent shall agree with the Owner Trustee that as Paying Agent, such successor Paying Agent or additional Paying Agent shall hold all sums, if any, held by it for payment to the Certificateholders in trust for the benefit of the Certificateholders entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Certificateholders. The Paying Agent shall return all unclaimed funds to the Owner Trustee and upon removal of a Paying Agent such Paying Agent shall also return all funds in its possession to the Owner Trustee. The provisions of Sections 6.3, 6.6, 6.7 and 6.9 shall apply to the Indenture Trustee also in its role as Paying Agent or Certificate Registrar for so long as the Indenture Trustee shall act as Paying Agent or Certificate Registrar and, to the extent applicable, shall also apply to any other paying agent, certificate registrar or authenticating agent appointed hereunder. The rights, protections, indemnities and immunities of the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture and the Servicing Agreement shall apply to the Indenture Trustee in its roles as Paying Agent and Certificate Registrar for so long as the Indenture Trustee shall act as Paying Agent or Certificate Registrar and, to the extent applicable, shall also apply to any other paying agent, certificate registrar or authenticating agent appointed hereunder. Any reference in this Agreement to the Paying Agent shall include any co-paying agent unless the context requires otherwise.

Section 3.10 Depositor as Certificateholder. The Depositor in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Certificates and may otherwise deal with the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar or any such party’s respective Affiliates as if it were not the Depositor.

Section 3.11 Rule 144A Information. The Depositor shall, during any period in which a purchaser of the Certificates holds such Certificates and in which the Depositor is not subject to Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, make available, upon request, to any Holder of such Certificates in connection with any sale thereof and any prospective purchaser of Certificates from such Holder, the information specified in Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Act.

Section 3.12 Definitive Certificates. If (i) the Administrator advises the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar in writing that the Clearing Agency is no longer willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities with respect to the Book-Entry Certificates and the Trust is unable to locate a qualified successor; (ii) the Administrator, at its option, advises the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar in writing that it elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Clearing Agency; or (iii) Certificate Owners representing beneficial interests aggregating at least a majority of the Percentage Interests in the Trust advise the Clearing Agency in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through the Clearing Agency is no longer in the best interests of the Certificate Owners, then the Clearing Agency shall notify all

 

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Certificate Owners, Certificate Registrar, and the Owner Trustee of the occurrence of any such event and of the availability of Definitive Certificates to Certificate Owners requesting the same. Upon surrender to the Certificate Registrar of the typewritten Certificate or Certificates representing the Book-Entry Certificate by the Clearing Agency, accompanied by registration instructions, the Trust shall execute and the Certificate Registrar shall authenticate the Definitive Certificates in accordance with the instructions of the Clearing Agency. None of the Trust, the Certificate Registrar or the Owner Trustee shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, such instructions. Upon the issuance of Definitive Certificates and their registration by the Certificate Registrar in the Certificate Register, the Owner Trustee shall recognize the Holders of the Definitive Certificates as Certificateholders.

Section 3.13 Notices to Clearing Agency. Whenever a notice or other communication to the Certificateholders is required under this Agreement, unless and until Definitive Certificates shall have been issued to the owner of a Certificate pursuant to Section 3.12, the Owner Trustee shall give all such notices and communications specified herein to be given to the Certificateholders to the Clearing Agency, and shall have no obligation to the beneficial owner of a Certificate.

Section 3.14 Restrictions on Certificate Acquisitions.

(a) Each Certificateholder acknowledges and represents that it is not a member of an “expanded group” (within the meaning of the regulations issued under Section 385 of the Code) that includes a domestic corporation (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that holds any Notes if such domestic corporation, directly or indirectly (through one or more entities that are treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as partnerships, disregarded entities, or grantor trusts), owns 80% or more of the capital or profits of the Trust.

(b) Each Certificateholder, if it is acting as a nominee or in a similar capacity, represents and agrees that no beneficial owner for which it is acting as a nominee owns less than the minimum denomination for such Certificate.

(c) Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate, represents and agrees that (A) either (I) it is not and will not become for U.S. federal income tax purposes a partnership, subchapter S corporation or grantor trust (or a disregarded entity the single owner of which is any of the foregoing) (each such entity a “Flow-Through Entity”) or (II) if it is or becomes a Flow-Through Entity, then (x) none of the direct or indirect beneficial owners of any of the interests in such Flow-Through Entity has or ever will have more than 50% of the value of its interest in such Flow-Through Entity attributable to the interest of such Flow-Through Entity in the Certificates, other interest (direct or indirect) in the Trust, or any interest created under the Indenture and (y) it is not and will not be a principal purpose of the arrangement involving the investment of such Flow-Through Entity in any Certificate to permit any partnership to satisfy the 100 partner limitation of Section 1.7704-1(h)(1)(ii) of the Treasury Regulations necessary for such partnership not to be classified as a publicly traded partnership under the Code, and (B) it does not and will not beneficially own a Certificate (or any beneficial interest therein) in an amount that is less than the minimum denomination for such Certificate.

 

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(d) Each Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate, represents and agrees that it will not take any action that could cause, and will not omit to take any action, which omission could cause, the Trust to become taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

(e) Each Certificateholder agrees that any purported transfer of any Certificate or any beneficial interest in a Certificate that is not made in accordance with the restrictions set forth herein will be null and void from the beginning and will not be given effect for any purpose thereunder.

ARTICLE IV

ACTIONS BY OWNER TRUSTEE

Section 4.1 Prior Notice to Certificateholders with Respect to Certain Matters. The Owner Trustee shall not take action with respect to the following matters, unless (i) the Owner Trustee shall have notified the Certificateholders in writing (with a copy to the Depositor) of the proposed action at least ten (10) days (or such shorter period as is acceptable to the Certificateholders) before the taking of such action, and (ii) the Majority Certificateholders shall not have notified the Owner Trustee in writing prior to the 10th day (or such shorter period acceptable to the Majority Certificateholders) after such notice is given that such Majority Certificateholders have withheld consent or provided alternative direction:

(a) the initiation of any material claim or lawsuit by the Trust (other than an action by the Indenture Trustee or an action to collect on a Receivable) and the compromise of any material action, proceeding, investigation, claim or lawsuit brought by or against the Trust (other than an action by the Indenture Trustee or an action to collect on a Receivable);

(b) except as may be required under the Statutory Trust Act, the election by the Trust to file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust filed with the Delaware Secretary of State;

(c) the amendment of the Indenture by a supplemental indenture in circumstances where the consent of any Noteholder is required; or

(d) the appointment pursuant to the Indenture or the Administration Agreement, as applicable, of a successor Note Registrar, Paying Agent for the Notes or Indenture Trustee, or pursuant to this Agreement, of a successor Certificate Registrar, or the consent to the assignment by the Note Registrar, Paying Agent for the Notes, Indenture Trustee or Certificate Registrar of its obligations under the Indenture, the Administration Agreement or this Agreement, as applicable.

Section 4.2 Action by Certificateholders with Respect to Certain Matters. The Owner Trustee shall not have the power (i) except upon the written direction of the Majority Certificateholders, to remove the Administrator under the Administration Agreement pursuant to Section 10 thereof, appoint a successor Administrator pursuant to Section 10(e) of the Administration Agreement or, (ii) except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, sell the Grantor Trust Certificate or any interest therein prior to the termination of the Indenture and the termination of the Grantor Trust. The Owner Trustee shall take the actions referred to in the preceding sentence only upon written instructions signed by the Majority Certificateholders.

 

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Section 4.3 Action by Certificateholders with Respect to Bankruptcy. Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement, the Owner Trustee shall not have the power to commence a voluntary case under Title 11 of the United States Code or any successor provision relating to the Trust without the prior approval of the Majority Certificateholders and the delivery to the Owner Trustee by such Majority Certificateholders of a certificate certifying that such Majority Certificateholders reasonably believe that the Trust is insolvent; provided, however, that under no circumstances shall the Owner Trustee commence or join in commencing any such case prior to the date that is one year and one day after termination of the Trust.

Section 4.4 Restrictions on Certificateholders Power. No Certificateholder shall direct the Owner Trustee to take or refrain from taking any action if such action or inaction would be contrary to any obligation of the Trust or the Owner Trustee under this Agreement, including Section 2.3, or any of the other Transaction Documents, nor shall the Owner Trustee be obligated to follow any such direction, if given. The Certificateholders shall not and shall not direct the Owner Trustee to take action that would violate the provisions of Section 6.1 and, if given, the Owner Trustee shall not be obligated to follow any such direction.

Section 4.5 Majority Control. Except as expressly provided herein, any action that may be taken or consent that may be given or withheld by the Certificateholders under this Agreement shall be effective if such action is taken or such consent is given or withheld by the Majority Certificateholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date. Except as expressly provided herein, any written notice, instruction, direction or other document of the Majority Certificateholders delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be effective if signed by the Majority Certificateholders.

ARTICLE V

APPLICATION OF TRUST FUNDS; CERTAIN DUTIES

Section 5.1 Establishment of Certificate Distribution Account.

(a) The Administrator, for the benefit of the Certificateholders, shall establish and maintain in the name of the Trust an Eligible Deposit Account known as the Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 Certificate Distribution Account (the “Certificate Distribution Account”), bearing an additional designation clearly indicating that the funds deposited therein are held for the benefit of the Certificateholders. The Certificate Distribution Account shall initially be established as a segregated trust account by the Paying Agent with the Account Holder.

(b) The Certificateholders shall possess all right, title and interest in and to all funds on deposit from time to time in the Certificate Distribution Account and in all proceeds thereof. Except as otherwise provided herein or in the Indenture, the Certificate Distribution Account shall be under the sole dominion and control of the Paying Agent for the benefit of the Certificateholders. If, at any time, the Certificate Distribution Account ceases to be an Eligible Deposit Account, the Owner Trustee (or the Administrator on behalf of the Owner Trustee, if the

 

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Certificate Distribution Account is not then held by the Owner Trustee or an Affiliate thereof) shall within ten (10) Business Days (or such longer period, not to exceed thirty (30) calendar days, as to which each Rating Agency may consent) establish a new Certificate Distribution Account as an Eligible Deposit Account and shall direct the Paying Agent to transfer any cash or any investments to such new Certificate Distribution Account.

Section 5.2 Application of Trust Funds.

(a) On each Distribution Date, the Paying Agent shall distribute to the Certificateholders, on a pro rata basis, amounts equal to the amounts deposited in the Certificate Distribution Account pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture on or prior to such Distribution Date. Funds received by the Paying Agent by 1:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on any Distribution Date will be distributed to the Certificateholders on such Distribution Date. The Paying Agent shall use its best efforts to distribute any funds received after 1:00 p.m. (Eastern time) on any Distribution Date to the Certificateholders as soon as reasonably possible, but the Paying Agent shall not be liable if such funds are not distributed until the next Business Day. Any funds received by the Paying Agent after 1:00 p.m. (Eastern time) shall be held uninvested in the Certificate Distribution Account until distributed to the Certificateholders, and the Paying Agent shall not be liable for any interest thereon.

(b) On each Distribution Date, the Paying Agent shall send to each Certificateholder the statement provided to the Paying Agent by the Servicer pursuant to Section 2.8 of the Servicing Agreement on such Distribution Date.

(c) If any withholding tax is imposed on the Trust’s payment (or allocations of income) to a Certificateholder, such tax shall reduce the amount otherwise distributable to the Certificateholder in accordance with this Section 5.2. The Paying Agent is hereby authorized and directed to retain from amounts otherwise distributable to the Certificateholders sufficient funds for the payment of any tax that is legally payable by the Trust (but such authorization shall not prevent the Paying Agent from contesting any such tax in appropriate proceedings and withholding payment of such tax, if permitted by law, pending the outcome of such proceedings). The amount of any withholding tax imposed with respect to a Certificateholder shall be treated as cash distributed to such Certificateholder at the time it is withheld by the Trust and remitted to the appropriate taxing authority. If there is a possibility that withholding tax is payable with respect to a distribution (such as a distribution to a non-U.S. Certificateholder), the Owner Trustee or the Paying Agent, upon notification from the Owner Trustee that the appropriate tax forms have not been received by the Owner Trustee, may withhold such amounts in accordance with this Section 5.2(c). If a Certificateholder wishes to apply for a refund of any such withholding tax, the Paying Agent shall reasonably cooperate with such Certificateholder in making such claim so long as such Certificateholder agrees to reimburse the Paying Agent for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred.

 

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(d) If the Indenture Trustee holds escheated funds for payment to the Trust pursuant to Section 3.3(e) of the Indenture, the Owner Trustee shall, upon notice from the Indenture Trustee that such funds exist, submit on behalf of the Trust an Issuing Entity Order to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 3.3(e) of the Indenture instructing the Indenture Trustee to pay such funds to or at the order of the Depositor.

Section 5.3 Method of Payment. Subject to Section 7.1(c), distributions required to be made to Certificateholders on any Distribution Date shall be made to each Certificateholder of record on the related Record Date by wire transfer, in immediately available funds, to the account of such Holder at a bank or other entity having appropriate facilities therefor, if such Certificateholder shall have provided to the Paying Agent appropriate written instructions at least five (5) Business Days prior to such Distribution Date or if not, by check mailed to such Certificateholder at the address of such Certificateholder appearing in the Certificate Register; provided, however, that, unless and until Definitive Certificates have been issued pursuant to Section 3.12, with respect to Book-Entry Certificates registered on the applicable Record Date in the name of the Certificate Depository (initially, Cede & Co.), payment shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account designated by the Certificate Depository.

Section 5.4 Accounting and Reports to the Certificateholders, the Internal Revenue Service and Others. The Owner Trustee shall maintain (or cause to be maintained) the books of the Trust on a calendar year basis on the accrual method of accounting, deliver to each Certificateholder, as may be required by the Code and applicable Treasury Regulations or otherwise, such information in the possession or control of the Owner Trustee as may be required to enable each Certificateholder to prepare its federal income tax return, file such tax returns relating to the Trust and make such elections as may from time to time be required or appropriate under any applicable State or federal statute or rule or regulation thereunder so as to maintain the Trust’s characterization as an entity described in Section 2.11 for U.S. federal income tax purposes, cause such tax returns to be signed in the manner required by law and collect or cause to be collected any withholding tax as described in and in accordance with Section 5.2(c) with respect to income or distributions to Certificateholders. The Independent Accountant, at the direction of the Administrator on behalf of the Trust, shall annually cause to be sent to each Certificateholder a separate statement setting forth each such Certificateholder’s share of items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit and will instruct each such Certificateholder to report such items on its federal income tax return. The Independent Accountant, at the direction of the Administrator on behalf of the Trust, shall prepare or cause to be prepared the returns and information required by Treasury Regulations Section 1.671-5, as well as any other applicable provisions of law, to be provided and filed, as applicable, in the manner prescribed therein.

Section 5.5 Tax Returns; Other Tax Matters. The Independent Accountant, at the direction of the Administrator on behalf of the Trust, shall prepare, or cause to be prepared, any and all applicable tax returns of the Trust. The Administrator shall sign on behalf of the Trust any and all applicable tax returns of the Trust, unless applicable law requires a Certificateholder to sign such documents, in which case such Certificateholder hereby agrees to sign such document and to cooperate fully with the reasonable requests of the Administrator with respect thereto.

 

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ARTICLE VI

THE OWNER TRUSTEE

Section 6.1 Duties of Owner Trustee.

(a) The Owner Trustee undertakes to perform such duties, and only such duties, as are specifically set forth in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including the administration of the Trust in the interest of the Certificateholders, subject to the Transaction Documents and in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. No implied covenants, obligations or duties (including fiduciary duties) or liabilities otherwise existing at law or in equity with respect to the Trust, shall be read into this Agreement. The Owner Trustee shall have no duty or obligation to perform the duties and obligations of the Trust and shall act only at the written direction of the Majority Certificateholders and, to the extent expressly provided herein, the Administrator or the Depositor with respect to the duties of the Trust.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Owner Trustee shall be deemed to have discharged its duties and responsibilities hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents to the extent the Administrator has agreed in the Administration Agreement to perform any act or to discharge any duty of the Trust or the Owner Trustee hereunder or under any other Transaction Document, and the Owner Trustee shall not be responsible for monitoring or supervising or performing the duties and obligations of the Administrator and shall not be liable for the default or failure of the Administrator to carry out its obligations under the Administration Agreement.

(c) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Owner Trustee may conclusively rely upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Owner Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Agreement in determining the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions contained therein; provided, however, that the Owner Trustee shall have examined such certificates or opinions so as to determine compliance of the same with the requirements of this Agreement.

(d) The Owner Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own grossly negligent action, its own grossly negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i) this Section 6.1(d) shall not limit the effect of Sections 6.1(a) or 6.1(b);

(ii) the Owner Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved that the Owner Trustee was grossly negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii) the Owner Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 4.1, Section 4.2 or Section 6.4.

 

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(e) Subject to Sections 5.1 and 5.2, monies received by the Owner Trustee hereunder need not be segregated in any manner except to the extent required by law or the Indenture and may be deposited under such general conditions as may be prescribed by law. Such funds shall be held (i) in a non-interest bearing trust account and (ii) uninvested, and the Owner Trustee shall not be liable for any interest thereon.

(f) The Owner Trustee shall have no responsibility to record this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, to prepare or file any financing or continuation statement or amendment in any public office at any time or otherwise to perfect or maintain the perfection of any ownership or security interest or lien or to prepare or file any qualification to do business, or securities law filing or report or to monitor or cause the Trust to comply with Regulation RR.

(g) The Owner Trustee shall not take any action that (i) is inconsistent with the purposes of the Trust set forth in Section 2.3 or (ii) would, to the actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Owner Trustee, cause the Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes. The Certificateholders shall not direct the Owner Trustee to take any action or themselves take any action that would violate the provisions of this Section 6.1.

Section 6.2 Rights of Owner Trustee. The Owner Trustee is authorized and directed to execute and deliver the Transaction Documents, each certificate or other document attached as an exhibit to or contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which the Trust or the Owner Trustee is to be a party and any additional agreement, document, letter or undertaking to be entered into in connection with the Transaction Documents or the transactions described therein to which the Trust is to be a party, each as presented to the Owner Trustee by the Depositor or its counsel and in such form as the Depositor shall approve as evidenced conclusively by the Owner Trustee’s execution thereof. The Owner Trustee is authorized to execute such additional documents and amendments to the Transaction Documents as it shall be directed in writing by the Administrator, the Servicer or the Depositor. In addition to the foregoing, the Owner Trustee is authorized, but shall not be obligated, to take all actions required of the Trust pursuant to the Transaction Documents. The Owner Trustee is further authorized from time to time to take such action as the Depositor, the Majority Certificateholders or the Administrator recommends and directs in writing with respect to the Transaction Documents.

Section 6.3 Acceptance of Trusts and Duties. Except as otherwise provided in this Article VI, in accepting the trusts hereby created, BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware acts solely as Owner Trustee hereunder and not in its individual capacity and all Persons having any claim against the Owner Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall look only to the Owner Trust Estate for payment or satisfaction thereof. The Owner Trustee accepts the trusts hereby created and agrees to perform its duties hereunder with respect to such trusts but only upon the terms of this Agreement. The Owner Trustee also agrees to disburse all monies actually received by it constituting part of the Owner Trust Estate upon the terms of the Transaction Documents. The Owner Trustee shall not be liable or accountable hereunder or under any other Transaction Document under any circumstances, except for its own grossly negligent action, its own grossly negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct or in the case of the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty contained in Section 6.6 and expressly made by the Owner Trustee. In particular, but not by way of limitation (and subject to the exceptions set forth in the preceding sentence):

 

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(a) the Owner Trustee shall at no time have any responsibility or liability for, or with respect to, the legality, validity and enforceability of any Receivable, or the perfection and priority of any security interest created by any Receivable in any Financed Vehicle or the maintenance of any such perfection and priority, or for, or with respect to, the sufficiency of the Owner Trust Estate or its ability to generate the payments to be distributed to Certificateholders under this Agreement or to Noteholders under the Indenture, including: the existence, condition and ownership of any Financed Vehicle; the existence and enforceability of any insurance thereon; the existence and contents of any Receivable on any computer or other record thereof; the validity of the assignment of any Receivable to the Trust or of any intervening assignment; the completeness of any Receivable; the performance or enforcement of any Receivable; the compliance by the Depositor or the Servicer with any warranty or representation made under any Transaction Document or in any related document or the accuracy of any such warranty or representation or any action of the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer or any sub-servicer taken in the name of the Owner Trustee;

(b) the Owner Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with the instructions of the Depositor, the Administrator, any Certificateholder or the Majority Certificateholders, as applicable;

(c) no provision of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall require the Owner Trustee to expend or risk funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers hereunder or under any other Transaction Document, if the Owner Trustee shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured or provided to it;

(d) under no circumstances shall the Owner Trustee be liable for indebtedness evidenced by or arising under any of the Transaction Documents, including the principal of and interest on the Notes, or any Trust representation, warranty, covenant or obligation under the Transaction Documents;

(e) the Owner Trustee shall not be responsible for or in respect of and makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of any provision of this Agreement other than as explicitly set forth herein or for the due execution hereof by the Depositor or for the form, character, genuineness, sufficiency, value or validity of any of the Owner Trust Estate or for, or in respect of, the validity or sufficiency of the Notes, the Certificates, the other Transaction Documents, any Receivables or any related documents, and the Owner Trustee shall in no event assume or incur any liability, duty or obligation to any Noteholder or to any Certificateholder, other than as expressly provided for herein and in the other Transaction Documents;

(f) the Owner Trustee shall not be liable for the default or misconduct of the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee, the Depositor or the Servicer under any of the Transaction Documents or otherwise and the Owner Trustee shall have no obligation or liability to perform the obligations of the Trust under this Agreement or the Transaction Documents that are required to be performed by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement, the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture, the Depositor under this Agreement or the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement;

 

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(g) the Owner Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Agreement, or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation under this Agreement or otherwise or in relation to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, at the request, order or direction of any of the Certificateholders, unless such Certificateholders have offered to the Owner Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred by the Owner Trustee therein or thereby. The right of the Owner Trustee to perform any discretionary act enumerated in this Agreement or in any other Transaction Document shall not be construed as a duty, and the Owner Trustee shall not be answerable for other than its gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of any such act;

(h) notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and notwithstanding any Person’s right to instruct the Owner Trustee, neither the Owner Trustee nor any agent, employee, director or officer of the Owner Trustee shall have any obligation to execute, deliver or certify on behalf of the Trust or any other Person any filings, certificates, affidavits or other instruments required pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or the rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, and the refusal to comply with any such instructions shall not constitute a default or breach under any Transaction Document. In the event that the Owner Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, does not execute, deliver or certify any filings, certificates, affidavits or other instruments required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, an Authorized Officer of the Administrator shall, on behalf of the Trust, execute, deliver or make such certification;

(i) to the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Owner Trustee shall not be personally liable for (x) special, consequential or punitive damages, however styled, including lost profits or (y) the acts or omissions of any nominee, correspondent, clearing agency or securities depository through which it holds the Trust’s securities or assets;

(j) the Owner Trustee shall not be liable or responsible for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, any force majeure event, including but not limited to strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, pandemics or epidemics, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, power outages, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, or other circumstances beyond its control; it being understood that the Owner Trustee shall use commercially reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as reasonably practicable under the circumstances;

(k) the Owner Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge or notice of any fact or event unless a Responsible Officer of the Owner Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of such fact or event is received by a Responsible Officer and such notice references the fact or event;

 

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(l) notwithstanding anything contained herein or in any of the Transaction Documents to the contrary, the Owner Trustee shall not be required to take any action in any jurisdiction other than in the State of Delaware if the taking of such action will (i) require the consent or approval or authorization or order of or the giving of notice to, or the registration with, licensing by or taking of any action in respect of, any state or other governmental authority or agency of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware; (ii) result in any fee, tax or other governmental charge under the laws of any jurisdiction or any political subdivisions thereof in existence on the date hereof other than the State of Delaware becoming payable by the Owner Trustee; or (iii) subject the Owner Trustee to personal jurisdiction in any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware for causes of action arising from acts unrelated to the consummation of the transactions by the Owner Trustee contemplated hereby. The Owner Trustee shall be entitled to obtain advice of counsel (the reasonable fees and expenses of which shall be reimbursable by the Trust pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture) to determine whether any action required to be taken pursuant to this Agreement results in the consequences described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of the preceding sentence. In the event that said counsel advises the Owner Trustee that such action will result in such consequences, the Owner Trustee may, or if instructed to do so by the Administrator, shall appoint an additional trustee pursuant to Section 6.12 hereof to proceed with such action;

(m) the Owner Trustee shall not be required to provide, on its own behalf, any surety bond or other kind of security in connection with the execution of any of its trusts or powers under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or the performance of its duties hereunder;

(n) each of the parties hereto hereby agrees that the Owner Trustee in any capacity (x) has not provided and will not provide in the future, any advice, counsel or opinion regarding the tax, regulatory, financial, investment, securities law or insurance implications and consequences of the formation, funding and ongoing administration of the Trust, including income, gift and estate tax issues, insurable interest issues, risk retention issues, doing business or other licensing matters and the initial and ongoing selection and monitoring of financing arrangements, (y) has not made any investigation as to the accuracy of any representations, warranties or other obligations of the Trust under the Transaction Documents and shall have no liability in connection therewith and (z) the Owner Trustee has not prepared or verified, and shall not be responsible or liable for, any information, disclosure or other statement in any disclosure or offering document or in any other document issued or delivered in connection with the issuance, sale or transfer of the Certificates or the Notes;

(o) it shall be the Administrator’s duty and responsibility, and not the Owner Trustee’s duty and responsibility, to cause the Trust to respond to, defend, participate in or otherwise act in connection with any regulatory, administrative, governmental, investigative or other proceeding or inquiry relating in any way to the Trust, its assets or the conduct of its business;

(p) the Owner Trustee shall not have any obligation or duty to supervise or monitor the performance of any other Person and shall have no liability for the failure of any other Person to perform its obligations or duties under the Transaction Documents or otherwise;

 

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(q) neither the Depositor nor the Administrator shall, without the written consent of the Owner Trustee, knowingly take or cause the Trust to take any action which in any way adversely affects or could reasonably be expected to adversely affect the Owner Trustee or any of its rights, duties or protections under this Agreement; and

(r) to help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, the Customer Identification Program (CIP) requirements established under the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Title III of Pub. L. 107 56 (signed into law October 26, 2001) and its implementing regulations (collectively, USA PATRIOT Act), the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network’s (FinCEN) Customer Due Diligence Requirements and such other laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions (collectively, the “Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law”), requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. Accordingly, in order to comply with the Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law, the Owner Trustee is required to obtain on or before the Closing Date and from time to time thereafter documentation to verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. For a non-individual person such as a business entity, a charity, a trust or other legal entity, the Owner Trustee will ask for documentation to verify its formation and existence as a legal entity, financial statements, licenses, tax identification documents, and identification and authorization documents from individuals claiming authority to represent the entity and other relevant documentation and information (including beneficial owners of such entities). The Owner Trustee may, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, including the Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law, conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected and indemnified in relying on, any information received, and failure to provide such information may result in an inability of the Owner Trustee to perform its obligations hereunder which, at the sole option of the Owner Trustee, may result in the immediate resignation of the Owner Trustee, subject to Section 6.10, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that solely for purposes of the Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law, (a) the Depositor is and shall be deemed to be the sole beneficial owner of the Trust, and (b) the Depositor is and shall deemed to be the party with the power and authority to control the Trust.

Section 6.4 Action upon Instruction by Certificateholders.

(a) Subject to Section 4.4, the Certificateholders may by written instruction direct the Owner Trustee in the management of the Trust. Such direction may be exercised at any time by written instruction of the Certificateholders pursuant to Section 4.5. Further, with respect to provisions hereunder that provide for instructions by the Certificateholders, for so long as all outstanding Certificates are Book-Entry Certificates, if the Owner Trustee shall have notified the Certificateholders in writing of a proposed action and within 15 Business Days of such notice (or within such shorter time as may be required under the circumstances and noted in the request for instruction) none of the Certificateholders shall have notified the Owner Trustee in writing that such Certificateholder has withheld consent or provided alternative instruction, the Owner Trustee, in the place of Certificateholder instruction hereunder, may accept and rely on the written instruction of the Administrator. If subsequently the Owner Trustee receives alternative written instruction from the Certificateholders, such subsequent instruction shall control unless the Owner Trustee has already acted at the instruction of the Administrator with respect to such matter.

 

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(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Owner Trustee shall not be required to take or refrain from taking any action hereunder or under any other Transaction Document if the Owner Trustee shall have reasonably determined, or shall have been advised by counsel, that such action is likely to result in liability on the part of the Owner Trustee or is contrary to the terms hereof or of any other Transaction Document or is otherwise contrary to law.

(c) Whenever the Owner Trustee is unable to decide between alternative courses of action permitted or required by the terms of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or is unsure as to the application, intent, interpretation or meaning of any provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Owner Trustee shall promptly give notice (in such form as shall be appropriate under the circumstances) to the Certificateholders requesting instruction as to the course of action to be adopted, and, to the extent the Owner Trustee acts in good faith in accordance with any such instruction received, the Owner Trustee shall not be liable on account of such action to any Person. If the Owner Trustee shall not have received appropriate instructions within ten (10) days of such notice (or within such shorter period of time as reasonably may be specified in such notice or may be necessary under the circumstances) it may, but shall be under no duty to, take or refrain from taking such action which is consistent, in its view, with this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, and as it shall deem to be in the best interests of the Certificateholders, and the Owner Trustee shall have no liability to any Person for any such action or inaction.

Section 6.5 Furnishing of Documents. The Owner Trustee shall furnish to the Certificateholders, promptly upon receipt of a written request therefor, duplicates or copies of all reports, notices, requests, demands, certificates, financial statements and any other instruments furnished to the Owner Trustee under the Transaction Documents.

Section 6.6 Representations and Warranties of Owner Trustee. The Owner Trustee hereby represents and warrants to the Depositor, for the benefit of the Certificateholders, that:

(a) It is a banking corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of Delaware. It has satisfied the eligibility requirements set forth in Section 6.13.

(b) It has full power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement, and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement.

(c) The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement (i) does not violate any provision of any law or regulation of the State of Delaware or the United States of America governing the banking and trust powers of the Owner Trustee or any order, writ, judgment or decree of any court, arbitrator or governmental authority applicable to the Owner Trustee or any of its assets, (ii) does not violate any provision of the corporate charter or by-laws of the Owner Trustee or (iii) does not violate any provision of, or constitute, with or without notice or lapse of time, a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any properties included in the Trust pursuant to the provisions of any mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement or other undertaking to which it is a party, which violation, default or Lien could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Owner Trustee’s performance or ability to perform its duties as Owner Trustee under this Agreement or on the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.

 

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(d) This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Owner Trustee and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Depositor, constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of the Owner Trustee, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

Section 6.7 Reliance; Advice of Counsel.

(a) The Owner Trustee shall incur no liability to anyone in acting upon any signature, instrument, notice, resolution, request, consent, order, certificate, report, opinion, bond or other document or paper believed by it to be genuine and believed by it to be signed by the proper party or parties. The Owner Trustee may accept a certified copy of a resolution of the board of directors or other governing body of any corporate party as conclusive evidence that such resolution has been duly adopted by such body and that the same is in full force and effect. As to any fact or matter the method of the determination of which is not specifically prescribed herein, the Owner Trustee may for all purposes hereof rely on a certificate, signed by the president or any vice president or by the treasurer or other authorized officers of the relevant party, as to such fact or matter, and such certificate shall constitute full protection to the Owner Trustee for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in reliance thereon.

(b) In the exercise or administration of the trusts hereunder and in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Owner Trustee may act directly or through its agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees pursuant to agreements entered into with any of them, and the Owner Trustee shall not be liable for the conduct or misconduct of such agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees if such agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees shall have been selected by the Owner Trustee in good faith and without gross negligence; and may consult with counsel, accountants and other skilled professionals to be selected in good faith and without gross negligence and employed by it. The Owner Trustee shall not be liable for anything done, suffered or omitted in good faith by it in accordance with the opinion or advice of any such counsel, accountants or other such Persons and not contrary to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.

Section 6.8 Owner Trustee May Own Certificates and Notes. BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware or any successor Owner Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Certificates or Notes and may deal with the Depositor, the Indenture Trustee, the Administrator and the Servicer in transactions in the same manner as it would have if it were not the Owner Trustee.

 

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Section 6.9 Compensation and Indemnity.

(a) The Owner Trustee shall receive as compensation for its services hereunder (i) on the date of execution of this Agreement, an initial fee and an annual fee for its services to be provided, and (ii) such fees as have been separately agreed upon before the date hereof by the Owner Trustee, and the Owner Trustee, any paying agent, registrar, authenticating agent or co-trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for its other reasonable expenses hereunder, including the reasonable compensation, expenses and disbursements of such agents, custodians, nominees, representatives, experts and external counsel as the Owner Trustee may employ in connection with the exercise and performance of its rights and its duties hereunder as specified in Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

(b) The Trust shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Owner Trustee (in its individual and trustee capacities), any paying agent, registrar, authenticating agent or co-trustee and its successors, assigns, agents and servants from and against all costs, expenses, losses, claims, actions, suits, damages and liabilities, including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses of external counsel, in connection with the successful enforcement of their indemnification rights hereunder, of any kind and nature whatsoever arising out of or incurred in connection with (i) the Owner Trustee’s performance of its duties under the Indenture or any other Transaction Document, or (ii) the acceptance, administration or performance by, or action or inaction of, the Owner Trustee of the trusts and duties contained in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including the administration of the Owner Trust Estate, except in each case to the extent that such cost, expense, loss, claim, damage or liability (A) is due to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence (except for errors in judgment) of the Person indemnified, or (B) arises from the Owner Trustee’s breach of any of its representations or warranties set forth in Section 6.6.

(c) The Administrator shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Owner Trustee (in its individual and trustee capacities), any paying agent, registrar, authenticating agent or co-trustee and its successors, assigns, agents and servants from and against all costs, expenses, losses, claims, actions, suits, damages and liabilities, including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses of external counsel, in connection with the successful enforcement of their indemnification rights hereunder, of any kind and nature whatsoever arising out of or incurred in connection with (i) the Administrator’s performance of its duties under this Agreement or the Administration Agreement; or (ii) the failure by the Administrator to comply with any term, provision or covenant contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, except in each case to the extent that such cost, expense, loss, claim, action, suit, damage or liability (A) is due to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence (except for errors in judgment) of the Person indemnified, or (B) arises from the breach of any of the representations or warranties set forth in Section 6.6.

The indemnities contained in this Section 6.9 shall survive the resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee or the termination of this Agreement. To the extent that the Trust or the Administrator fails to pay any amounts due and owing to the Owner Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.9, such amounts shall be payable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture. Any amounts paid to the Owner Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall be deemed not to be a part of the Owner Trust Estate immediately after such payment.

 

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Section 6.10 Replacement of Owner Trustee.

(a) The Owner Trustee may give notice of its intent to resign and be discharged from the trusts hereby created by giving notice thereof to the Depositor, the Administrator and the Certificateholders; provided that no such resignation shall become effective, and the Owner Trustee shall not resign, prior to the time set forth in Section 6.10(c). If no successor Owner Trustee shall have been appointed pursuant to Section 6.10(b) and have accepted such appointment within thirty (30) days after the giving of such notice, the Owner Trustee giving such notice may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Owner Trustee. The Depositor or the Administrator shall remove the Owner Trustee if:

(i) the Owner Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.13 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Administrator;

(ii) the Owner Trustee shall be adjudged bankrupt or insolvent;

(iii) a receiver or other public officer shall be appointed or take charge or control of the Owner Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; or

(iv) the Owner Trustee shall otherwise be incapable of acting.

(b) If the Owner Trustee gives notice of its intent to resign or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Owner Trustee for any reason, the Administrator shall promptly appoint a successor Owner Trustee by written instrument, in duplicate (one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the outgoing Owner Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor Owner Trustee) and shall pay all fees, expenses and indemnities owed to the outgoing Owner Trustee.

(c) Any resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee and appointment of a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section 6.10 shall not become effective, and no such resignation shall be deemed to have occurred, until a written acceptance of appointment is delivered by the successor Owner Trustee to the outgoing Owner Trustee, the Depositor, the Administrator and the Certificateholders and all fees, expenses and indemnities due to the outgoing Owner Trustee are paid. Costs associated with the resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee and the appointment of a successor Owner Trustee will be borne by the Trust. Any successor Owner Trustee appointed pursuant to this Section 6.10 shall be eligible to act in such capacity in accordance with Section 6.13 and, following compliance with the preceding sentence, shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor under this Agreement, with like effect as if originally named as Owner Trustee. The Administrator shall provide notice of such resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee to each of the Rating Agencies.

(d) The predecessor Owner Trustee shall upon payment of its fees, expenses and indemnity deliver to the successor Owner Trustee all documents and statements and monies held by it under this Agreement. The Administrator and the predecessor Owner Trustee shall execute and deliver such instruments and do such other things as may reasonably be required for fully and certainly vesting and confirming in the successor Owner Trustee all such rights, powers, duties and obligations.

 

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(e) Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor Owner Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.10, the Administrator shall mail notice of the successor of such Owner Trustee to all Certificateholders, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders and the Rating Agencies. Any successor Owner Trustee appointed hereunder shall file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust.

Section 6.11 Merger or Consolidation of Owner Trustee. Any Person into which the Owner Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Owner Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Owner Trustee, shall be the successor of the Owner Trustee hereunder, provided such Person shall be eligible pursuant to Section 6.13, and without the execution or filing of any instrument or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided, further, that the Owner Trustee shall mail notice of such merger or consolidation to the Depositor, who promptly shall notify the Rating Agencies. In connection therewith, the Owner Trustee shall file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust if required by the Statutory Trust Act.

Section 6.12 Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee.

(a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, at any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirement of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Owner Trust Estate or any Financed Vehicle may at the time be located, the Majority Certificateholders, the Administrator and the Owner Trustee acting jointly shall have the power and shall execute and deliver all instruments to appoint one or more Persons approved by the Owner Trustee to act as co-trustee, jointly with the Owner Trustee, or as separate trustee or trustees, of all or any part of the Owner Trust Estate, and to vest in such Person (in the name of the Trust and not in such Person’s name for the Trust, except to the extent otherwise required by, and in accordance with, Section 2.8), in such capacity, such title to the Owner Trust Estate, or any part thereof, and, subject to the other provisions of this Section 6.12, such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Administrator and the Owner Trustee may consider necessary or desirable. If neither the Administrator nor the Majority Certificateholders shall have joined in such appointment within fifteen (15) days after the receipt by it of a request so to do, the Owner Trustee alone shall have the power to make such appointment. No co-trustee or separate trustee under this Agreement shall be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor trustee pursuant to Section 6.13 and no notice of the appointment of any co-trustee or separate trustee shall be required pursuant to Section 6.10.

(b) Each separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and conditions:

 

  32    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


(i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Owner Trustee shall be conferred upon and exercised or performed by the Owner Trustee and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Owner Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed, the Owner Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title to the Owner Trust Estate or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the Owner Trustee;

(ii) no trustee under this Agreement shall be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other trustee under this Agreement; and

(iii) the Majority Certificateholders, Administrator and the Owner Trustee acting jointly may at any time accept the resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.

(c) Any notice, request or other writing given to the Owner Trustee shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Agreement and the conditions of this Article. Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Owner Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to all the provisions of this Agreement, specifically including every provision of this Agreement relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Owner Trustee. Each such instrument shall be filed with the Owner Trustee and a copy thereof given to the Administrator.

(d) Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time appoint the Owner Trustee as its agent or attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Agreement on its behalf and in its name. If any separate trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall vest in and be exercised by the Owner Trustee, to the extent permitted by law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.

Section 6.13 Eligibility Requirements for Owner Trustee. The Owner Trustee shall at all times: (a) be a corporation or other entity satisfying the provisions of Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Act; (b) be authorized to exercise corporate trust powers; (c) have (or have a parent which has) a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and be subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authorities; and (d) have (or have a parent which has) a long-term unsecured debt rating in any generic rating category which signifies investment grade by each Rating Agency or a rating otherwise acceptable to each Rating Agency. If such corporation shall publish reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purpose of this Section 6.13, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Owner Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.13, the Owner Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 6.10.

 

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ARTICLE VII

TERMINATION OF TRUST AGREEMENT

Section 7.1 Termination of Trust Agreement.

(a) The Trust shall dissolve and wind-up in accordance with Section 3808 of the Statutory Trust Act immediately prior to the final distribution by the Indenture Trustee and the Paying Agent of all monies or other property or proceeds of the Owner Trust Estate in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, the Servicing Agreement (including the exercise by the Servicer of its option to purchase the Receivables pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement) and the termination of the Grantor Trust and Article V. The bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, death or incapacity of any Certificateholder shall not (x) operate to terminate this Agreement or the Trust, (y) entitle such Certificateholder’s legal representatives or heirs to claim an accounting or to take any action or proceeding in any court for a partition or winding up of all or any part of the Trust or the Owner Trust Estate or (z) otherwise affect the rights, obligations and liabilities of the parties hereto.

(b) Neither the Depositor nor any Certificateholder shall be entitled to revoke or terminate the Trust or this Agreement.

(c) Subject to Section 5.2(a), notice of any dissolution of the Trust, specifying the Distribution Date upon which the Certificateholders shall surrender their Certificates to the Certificate Registrar for payment of the final distribution and cancellation, shall be given by the Certificate Registrar by letter to Certificateholders mailed within five (5) Business Days of receipt of notice of Optional Purchase from the Servicer given pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement, in either case, stating: (i) the Distribution Date upon or with respect to which final payment of the Certificates shall be made upon presentation and surrender of the Certificates at the office of the Certificate Registrar therein designated; (ii) the amount of any such final payment; and (iii) that the Record Date otherwise applicable to such Distribution Date is not applicable, payments being made only upon presentation and surrender of the Certificates at the office of the Certificate Registrar therein specified. The Certificate Registrar shall give such notice to the Owner Trustee and the Paying Agent at the time such notice is given to Certificateholders. Upon presentation and surrender of the Certificates, the Paying Agent shall cause to be distributed to Certificateholders amounts distributable on such Distribution Date pursuant to Section 5.2.

(d) If all of the Certificateholders shall not surrender their Certificates for cancellation within six (6) months after the date specified in the written notice referred to in Section 7.1(c), the Certificate Registrar shall give a second written notice to the remaining Certificateholders to surrender their Certificates for cancellation and receive the final distribution with respect thereto. If within one (1) year after the second notice all the Certificates shall not have been surrendered for cancellation, the Certificate Registrar may take appropriate steps, or may appoint an agent to take appropriate steps, to contact the remaining Certificateholders concerning surrender of their Certificates, and the cost thereof shall be paid out of the funds and other assets that shall remain subject to this Agreement. Subject to applicable laws with respect to escheat of funds, any funds remaining in the Trust after exhaustion of such remedies in the preceding sentence shall be deemed property of the last Certificateholders of record and distributed by the Paying Agent to the last Certificateholders of record, and none of the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar or the Paying Agent shall have any further liability to the Certificateholders with respect thereto.

 

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(e) Upon the winding up and termination of the Trust in accordance with Section 3808 of the Statutory Trust Act and this Section 7.1 at the written direction of the Majority Certificateholders and at the expense of the Certificateholders, the Owner Trustee shall cause the Certificate of Trust to be canceled by filing a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State in accordance with the provisions of Section 3810 of the Statutory Trust Act. Thereupon, this Agreement (other than Sections 6.9, 9.8 and 9.9) and the Trust shall terminate.

ARTICLE VIII

AMENDMENTS

Section 8.1 Amendments Without Consent of Certificateholders or Noteholders. This Agreement may be amended by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee without the consent of any of the Noteholders or any other Persons who may be Certificateholders, (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Depositor or the Owner Trustee, (iv) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Owner Trust Estate and add to or change any provisions as shall be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one trustee pursuant to Article VI, (v) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or Unaffiliated Certificateholders, or (vi) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Owner Trustee notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

Section 8.2 Amendments With Consent of Securityholders.

(a) This Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee with the consent of the Certificateholders to add or supplement any credit enhancement for the benefit of the Noteholders of any class or the Certificateholders (provided that if any such addition shall affect any class of Noteholders differently from any other class of Noteholders, then such addition shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any class of Noteholders),

(b) This Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date and, if any Person other than the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor holds any Certificates, the consent of the Majority Certificateholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 8.2 or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Notes or Certificates and of any Notes or Certificates

 

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issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon any Notes or Certificates) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall (a) without the consent of the holder of the affected Note or Certificate, as applicable, increase or reduce the interest rate or principal amount of any Note or change the Final Scheduled Distribution Date of any Note or distributions on the Certificates, (b) increase or reduce the amount of the required Specified Reserve Account Balance or the Specified Class N Reserve Account Balance without the consent of all of the Noteholders or Certificateholders then outstanding or (c) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be.

(c) Prior to the execution of any amendment, the Depositor shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Depositor shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

Section 8.3 Form of Amendments.

(a) Promptly after the execution of any amendment, supplement or consent pursuant to Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, the Owner Trustee shall furnish written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Unaffiliated Certificateholder and the Indenture Trustee.

(b) It shall not be necessary for the consent of Certificateholders, the Noteholders or the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 8.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Unaffiliated Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement or in any other Transaction Document) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Unaffiliated Certificateholders shall be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

(c) Promptly after the execution of any amendment to the Certificate of Trust, the Owner Trustee, at the expense of the Trust to the extent such amendments do not relate to a change in the name or address of the Owner Trustee, shall cause the filing of such amendment with the Secretary of State.

(d) Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement or the Certificate of Trust, the Owner Trustee shall be entitled to receive and conclusively rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and an Officer’s Certificate of the Administrator stating that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. The Owner Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment which affects the Owner Trustee’s own rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement or otherwise.

 

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(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Depositor and the Owner Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

ARTICLE IX

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 9.1 No Legal Title to Owner Trust Estate. The Certificateholders shall not have legal title to any part of the Owner Trust Estate. The Certificateholders shall be entitled to receive distributions with respect to their undivided Percentage Interest therein only in accordance with Articles V and VII. No transfer, by operation of law or otherwise, of any right, title, and interest of the Certificateholders to and in their Percentage Interest in the Owner Trust Estate shall operate to terminate this Agreement or the trusts hereunder or entitle any transferee to an accounting or to the transfer to it of legal title to any part of the Owner Trust Estate.

Section 9.2 Limitations on Rights of Others. The provisions of this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the Owner Trustee, the Depositor, the Certificateholders, the Administrator and, to the extent expressly provided herein, the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders, and nothing in this Agreement, whether express or implied, shall be construed to give to any other Person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim in the Owner Trust Estate or under or in respect of this Agreement or any covenants, conditions or provisions contained herein.

Section 9.3 Derivative Actions. Any provision contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the right of any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner to bring a derivative action in the right of the Trust is hereby made expressly subject to the following limitations and requirements:

(a) such Certificateholder or Certificate Owner must meet all requirements set forth in the Statutory Trust Act; and

(b) no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner may bring a derivative action in the right of the Trust without the prior written consent of the Majority Certificateholders.

Section 9.4 Notices. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Rating Agencies under this Agreement shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Section 9.5 Severability. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall be for any reason whatsoever held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement or of the Certificates or the rights of the Holders thereof.

 

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Section 9.6 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts (including by way of electronic or facsimile transmission), each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings; provided, however, that any documentation with respect to transfer of the Certificates or other securities presented to the Indenture Trustee or any transfer agent must contain original documents with manually executed signatures.

Section 9.7 Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements contained herein shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the Depositor, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee and each Certificateholder and their respective successors and permitted assigns, all as herein provided. Any request, notice, direction, consent, waiver or other instrument or action by a Certificateholder shall bind the successors and assigns of such Certificateholder.

Section 9.8 No Petition. To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Owner Trustee by entering into this Agreement and each Certificateholder or Certificate Owner, by accepting a Certificate (or interest therein) issued hereunder, hereby covenant and agree that they shall not (nor shall they join with or solicit another person to), prior to the day that is one year and one day after the termination of the Trust and of each other trust heretofore formed by the Depositor, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Depositor or the Trust to invoke in any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Depositor or the Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Depositor or the Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Depositor or the Trust under a federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding; provided that nothing contained herein shall prevent the Owner Trustee from filing a proof of claim in any such proceeding.

 

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Section 9.9 No Recourse. Each Certificateholder or Certificate Owner by accepting a Certificate (or any interest therein) acknowledges that such Person’s Certificate (or interest therein) represents beneficial interests in the Trust only and does not represent interests in or obligations of the Depositor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Owner Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse, either directly or indirectly, may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated in this Agreement, the Certificates or the other Transaction Documents. Except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, none of the Depositor, the Servicer or the Owner Trustee in their respective individual capacities, or any of their respective partners, beneficiaries, agents, officers, directors, employees or successors or assigns, shall be personally liable for, nor shall recourse be had to any of them for, the distribution of any amount with respect to the Certificates or the Trust’s performance of, or omission to perform, any obligations or indemnifications contained in the Certificates, this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, it being expressly understood that such Certificateholder obligations have been made solely by the Trust. Each Certificateholder by the acceptance of a Certificate (or beneficial interest therein) agrees that except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, in the event of nonpayment of any amounts with respect to the Certificates, it shall have no claim against any of the foregoing Persons for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom. In the event that any of the foregoing covenants of each Certificateholder and Certificate Owner is prohibited by, or declared illegal or otherwise unenforceable against any such Certificateholder or Certificate Owner under applicable law by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction, and, as a result, a Certificateholder or Certificate Owner is deemed to have an interest in any assets of the Depositor or any Affiliate of the Depositor other than the Trust, each Certificateholder and Certificate Owner agrees that (i) its claim against any such other assets shall be, and hereby is, subject and subordinate in all respects to the rights of other Persons to whom rights in the other assets have been expressly granted, including to the payment in full of all amounts owing to such entitled Persons, and (ii) the covenant set forth in the preceding clause (i) constitutes a “subordination agreement” within the meaning of, and subject to, Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.

Section 9.10 Headings. The headings of the various Articles and Sections herein are for convenience of reference only and shall not define or limit any of the terms or provisions hereof.

Section 9.11 Governing Law, Waiver of Jury Trial.

(a) THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS THEREOF OR OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

(b) THE PARTIES HERETO AND THE CERTIFICATEHOLDERS HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

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Section 9.12 Effect of Amendment and Restatement. It is the intent of the parties hereto that this Agreement shall, as of the date hereof, replace in its entirety the Original Trust Agreement; provided, however, that with respect to the period of time from August 10, 2021 through the date hereof, the rights and obligations of the parties shall be governed by the Original Trust Agreement; and provided further, that the amendment and restatement of the Original Trust Agreement shall not affect any of the grants, conveyances or transfers contemplated by the Original Trust Agreement to have occurred prior to the date hereof.

Section 9.13 Information to be Provided by the Owner Trustee.

(a) The Owner Trustee agrees to cooperate in good faith with any reasonable request by the Depositor for information regarding the Owner Trustee which is required in order to enable the Depositor to comply with the provisions of Items 1104(e), 1117, 1119 and 1121(c) of Regulation AB and Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act as it relates to the Owner Trustee or to the Owner Trustee’s obligations under this Agreement; provided that with respect to Rule 15Ga-1, and Items 1121(c) and 1104(e) of Regulation AB, the Owner Trustee shall not be deemed a “securitizer” under Regulation AB or under the Exchange Act.

(b) Except to the extent disclosed by the Owner Trustee in subsection (c) or (d) below, the Owner Trustee shall be deemed to have represented to the Depositor on the first day of each Collection Period with respect to the prior Collection Period that to the best of its knowledge there were no legal or governmental proceedings pending (or known to be contemplated) against BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, or any property of BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, that would be material to any Noteholder or, to the extent that the Certificates are registered under the Securities Act for public sale, any holder of such Certificates.

(c) The Owner Trustee shall, as promptly as practicable following notice to or discovery by the Owner Trustee of any changes to any information regarding the Owner Trustee as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

(d) The Owner Trustee shall deliver to the Depositor on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 1, 2023, a written notice from a representative of the Owner Trustee with respect to the immediately preceding calendar year certifying, on behalf of the Owner Trustee, that except to the extent otherwise disclosed in writing to Depositor, to the best of his or her knowledge there were no legal or governmental proceedings pending (or known to be contemplated) against BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, or any property of BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, that would be material to any Noteholder or, to the extent that the Certificates are registered under the Securities Act for public sale, any holder of such Certificates.

(e) The Owner Trustee shall deliver to the Depositor on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 1, 2023, a report of a representative of the Owner Trustee with respect to the immediately preceding calendar year providing to the Depositor such information regarding the Owner Trustee as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1119 of Regulation AB; provided, however, (i) the Owner Trustee shall not be required to provide such information,

 

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but will notify the Depositor in writing, to the extent that there has been no change to the information previously provided by the Owner Trustee to the Depositor, and (ii) the Owner Trustee shall promptly provide notice to the Depositor following notice to or discovery by a Responsible Officer of the Owner Trustee of any changes to such information, provided to the Depositor, in writing, such information. Such information shall include, at a minimum, a description of any affiliation between the Owner Trustee and any of the following parties to this securitization transaction, as such parties are identified to the Owner Trustee by the Depositor in writing in advance of this securitization transaction:

(i) the Depositor;

(ii) Carvana, LLC, as sponsor;

(iii) the Trust;

(iv) the Grantor Trust;

(v) the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(vi) the Servicer;

(vii) the Backup Servicer;

(viii) the Indenture Trustee;

(ix) the Asset Representations Reviewer;

(x) the Collateral Custodian; and

(xi) any other material transaction party.

(f) In connection with the parties listed in clauses (i) through (xi) above, the Owner Trustee shall include a description of whether there is, and if so, the general character of, any business relationship, agreement, arrangement, transaction or understanding that is entered into outside the ordinary course of business or is on terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated third party, apart from this securitization transaction, that currently exists or that existed during the past two years and that is material to an investor’s understanding of the asset backed securities issued in this securitization transaction.

(g) The Owner Trustee shall provide the Depositor with notification, as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days, of all demands delivered to a Responsible Officer of the Owner Trustee for the repurchase or replacement of any Receivable pursuant to any Transaction Document. Subject to this Section 9.13, the Owner Trustee shall have no obligation to take any other action with respect to any demand. In no event shall the Owner Trustee have (i) any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB or (ii) any duty or obligation to undertake any investigation or inquiry related to repurchase activity or otherwise to assume any additional duties or responsibilities except as expressly set forth in this Section 9.13.

 

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Section 9.14 Electronic Means. The Owner Trustee shall accept and act upon instructions, including funds transfer instructions (“Instructions”) given pursuant to, and in accordance with, this Trust Agreement and related Transaction Documents and delivered to the Owner Trustee from an Authorized Officer of the instructing Party using Electronic Means; provided, however, that any instructing Party shall provide to the Owner Trustee an incumbency certificate listing Authorized Officers with the authority to provide such Instructions and containing specimen signatures of such Authorized Officers, which incumbency certificate may be updated by the instructing Party from time to time. The instructing Party understands and agrees that the Owner Trustee cannot determine the identity of the actual sender of such Instructions and that the Owner Trustee shall conclusively presume that directions that purport to have been sent by an Authorized Officer listed on the incumbency certificate provided to the Owner Trustee have been sent by such Authorized Officer. For the avoidance of doubt, the Owner Trustee shall not be obligated to accept and act upon any instructions delivered to the Owner Trustee using Electronic Means from any Person other than an Authorized Officer of the instructing Party.

*    *    *    *    *

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers, hereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

 

BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,

as Owner Trustee

By:  

                              

Name:
Title:
CARVANA RECEIVABLES DEPOSITOR LLC, as Depositor
By:  

                          

Name:
Title:

 

Acknowledged, Accepted and Agreed To By:

CARVANA, LLC,

as Administrator and Sponsor

By:  

                          

Name:
Title:
Acknowledged, Accepted and Agreed To By:
COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION as Certificate Registrar and Paying Agent
By:  

                          

Name:
Title:


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE

 

NO. R-    _____% PERCENTAGE INTEREST
   $[______]
CUSIP: [__________]   

SEE REVERSE FOR CERTAIN DEFINITIONS

[THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS OF ANY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OR ANY FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) THE HOLDER OF THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE (OR SUCH INTEREST) IF, OTHER THAN THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR, IS DEEMED TO REPRESENT TO THE DEPOSITOR, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, AND THE OWNER TRUSTEE THAT IT IS [A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND IS ACQUIRING THIS RULE 144A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS).] [A NON-U.S. PERSON (AS DEFINED IN REGULATION S) WHO IS A “QUALIFIED INSTIUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND ACQUIRED THIS REGULATION S CERTIFICATE OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION S].]

NO SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OF THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) MAY BE MADE BY ANY PERSON UNLESS EITHER (i) [SUCH SALE IS MADE TO THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR, (ii)] SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS MADE TO A PERSON WHOM THE TRANSFEROR REASONABLY BELIEVES [AFTER DUE INQUIRY] IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A), ACTING FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS”) TO WHOM NOTICE IS GIVEN THAT THE SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS BEING MADE IN RELIANCE ON RULE 144A,

 

  Ex. A-1    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


[(ii)][(iii)] SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER OCCURS OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES TO A NON-U.S. PERSON WHO IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” (AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A) IN ACCORDANCE WITH RULE 903 OR RULE 904 OF REGULATION S OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND THAT PERSON DELIVERS ANY NECESSARY CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO THE TRUST AGREEMENT, OR [(iii)][(iv)] SUCH SALE, PLEDGE OR OTHER TRANSFER IS OTHERWISE MADE IN A TRANSACTION EXEMPT FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT, IN WHICH CASE, IN THE EVENT THE CERTIFICATES ARE DEFINITIVE CERTIFICATES, (A) THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR SHALL REQUIRE THAT BOTH THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEROR AND THE PROSPECTIVE TRANSFEREE CERTIFY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE ADMINISTRATOR IN WRITING THE FACTS SURROUNDING SUCH TRANSFER, WHICH CERTIFICATION SHALL BE IN FORM AND SUBSTANCE SATISFACTORY TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE ADMINISTRATOR, AND (B) THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR SHALL REQUIRE A WRITTEN OPINION OF COUNSEL (WHICH SHALL NOT BE AT THE EXPENSE OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE SERVICER, THE TRUST, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE OR ANY OTHER PROVIDER OF SERVICES TO THE TRUST) SATISFACTORY TO THE ADMINISTRATOR TO THE EFFECT THAT SUCH TRANSFER WILL NOT VIOLATE THE SECURITIES ACT.

THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE (OR AN INTEREST HEREIN) MAY NOT BE ACQUIRED WITH THE ASSETS OF OR HELD BY OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF (1) AN “EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN,” AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), THAT IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE I OF ERISA, (2) A “PLAN” AS DEFINED IN AND SUBJECT TO SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), OR (3) ANY ENTITY OR ACCOUNT WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE PLAN ASSETS BY REASON OF INVESTMENT BY AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN IN SUCH ENTITY OR ACCOUNT (EACH, A “BENEFIT PLAN INVESTOR”) OTHER THAN AN “INSURANCE COMPANY GENERAL ACCOUNT,” AS DEFINED IN PROHIBITED TRANSACTION CLASS EXEMPTION 95-60 (“PTCE 95-60”), WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE LESS THAN 25% “PLAN ASSETS” OF BENEFIT PLAN INVESTORS, WHO IS NOT AND IS NOT AN AFFILIATE OF A PERSON THAT HAS DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY OR CONTROL WITH RESPECT TO THE ASSETS OF THE TRUST OR PROVIDES INVESTMENT ADVICE FOR A FEE (DIRECT OR INDIRECT) WITH RESPECT TO THE ASSETS OF THE TRUST, AND FOR WHICH THE PURCHASE AND HOLDING OF CERTIFICATES IS ELIGIBLE AND SATISFIES ALL CONDITIONS FOR RELIEF UNDER PTCE 95-60. THIS

 

  Ex. A-2    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


[REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE (OR AN INTEREST THEREIN) ALSO MAY NOT BE ACQUIRED WITH THE ASSETS OF OR HELD BY OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF ANY OTHER PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO TITLE I OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (“SIMILAR LAW”) IF SUCH ACQUISITION OR HOLDING WOULD RESULT IN A VIOLATION OF ANY SIMILAR LAW. EACH HOLDER OF THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE, BY ACCEPTING THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE, WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED AND WARRANTED THAT IT IS NOT SUBJECT TO THE FOREGOING LIMITATIONS AND, IF REQUESTED TO DO SO BY THE DEPOSITOR, SUCH PERSON SHALL EXECUTE AND DELIVER TO THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AN UNDERTAKING LETTER TO SUCH EFFECT IN THE FORM SPECIFIED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT.

THE HOLDER OF THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ITS RIGHTS TO RECEIVE DISTRIBUTIONS IN RESPECT OF THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE ARE SUBORDINATED TO THE RIGHTS OF THE NOTEHOLDERS AS AND TO THE EXTENT DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE.

IT IS THE INTENT OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE OWNER TRUSTEE AND THE CERTIFICATEHOLDERS THAT, FOR UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES, THE TRUST SHALL BE TREATED AS A GRANTOR TRUST. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY APPROPRIATE TAXING AUTHORITIES, THE DEPOSITOR AND THE OTHER CERTIFICATEHOLDERS BY ACCEPTANCE OF A [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE AGREE TO TREAT, AND TO TAKE NO ACTION INCONSISTENT WITH THE TREATMENT OF, THE CERTIFICATES FOR SUCH TAX PURPOSES AS INTERESTS IN SUCH AN ENTITY AS DESCRIBED IN THE PREVIOUS SENTENCE.

EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER ACKNOWLEDGES AND REPRESENTS THAT IT IS NOT A MEMBER OF AN “EXPANDED GROUP” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE REGULATIONS ISSUED UNDER SECTION 385 OF THE CODE) THAT INCLUDES A DOMESTIC CORPORATION (AS DETERMINED FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES) THAT HOLDS ANY NOTES IF SUCH DOMESTIC CORPORATION, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY (THROUGH ONE OR MORE ENTITIES THAT ARE TREATED FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES AS PARTNERSHIPS, DISREGARDED ENTITIES, OR GRANTOR TRUSTS), OWNS 80% OR MORE OF THE CAPITAL OR PROFITS OF THE TRUST.

 

  Ex. A-3    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER, IF IT IS ACTING AS A NOMINEE OR IN A SIMILAR CAPACITY, REPRESENTS AND AGREES THAT NO BENEFICIAL OWNER FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING AS A NOMINEE OWNS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM DENOMINATION FOR SUCH CERTIFICATE.

EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR BENEFICIAL OWNER OF A CERTIFICATE, REPRESENTS AND AGREES THAT (A) EITHER (I) IT IS NOT AND WILL NOT BECOME FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES A PARTNERSHIP, SUBCHAPTER S CORPORATION OR GRANTOR TRUST (OR A DISREGARDED ENTITY THE SINGLE OWNER OF WHICH IS ANY OF THE FOREGOING) (EACH SUCH ENTITY A “FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY”) OR (II) IF IT IS OR BECOMES A FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY, THEN (X) NONE OF THE DIRECT OR INDIRECT BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF ANY OF THE INTERESTS IN SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY HAS OR EVER WILL HAVE MORE THAN 50% OF THE VALUE OF ITS INTEREST IN SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE INTEREST OF SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY IN THE CERTIFICATES, OTHER INTEREST (DIRECT OR INDIRECT) IN THE TRUST, OR ANY INTEREST CREATED UNDER THE INDENTURE AND (Y) IT IS NOT AND WILL NOT BE A PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF THE ARRANGEMENT INVOLVING THE INVESTMENT OF SUCH FLOW-THROUGH ENTITY IN ANY CERTIFICATE TO PERMIT ANY PARTNERSHIP TO SATISFY THE 100 PARTNER LIMITATION OF SECTION 1.7704-1(H)(1)(II) OF THE TREASURY REGULATIONS NECESSARY FOR SUCH PARTNERSHIP NOT TO BE CLASSIFIED AS A PUBLICLY TRADED PARTNERSHIP UNDER THE CODE, AND (B) IT DOES NOT AND WILL NOT BENEFICIALLY OWN A CERTIFICATE (OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) IN AN AMOUNT THAT IS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM DENOMINATION FOR SUCH CERTIFICATE.

EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR BENEFICIAL OWNER OF A CERTIFICATE, REPRESENTS AND AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT TAKE ANY ACTION THAT COULD CAUSE, AND WILL NOT OMIT TO TAKE ANY ACTION, WHICH OMISSION COULD CAUSE, THE TRUST TO BECOME TAXABLE AS A CORPORATION FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES.

EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER AGREES THAT ANY PURPORTED TRANSFER OF ANY CERTIFICATE OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN A CERTIFICATE THAT IS NOT MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT WILL BE NULL AND VOID FROM THE BEGINNING AND WILL NOT BE GIVEN EFFECT FOR ANY PURPOSE THEREUNDER.

 

  Ex. A-4    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR CERTIFICATE OWNER BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF A CERTIFICATE (OR AN INTEREST THEREIN) COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT SUCH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR CERTIFICATE OWNER SHALL NOT (NOR SHALL IT JOIN WITH OR SOLICIT ANOTHER PERSON TO), PRIOR TO THE DATE WHICH IS ONE YEAR AND ONE DAY AFTER THE TERMINATION OF THE TRUST AND OF EACH OTHER TRUST HERETOFORE FORMED BY THE DEPOSITOR, ACQUIESCE, PETITION OR OTHERWISE INVOKE OR CAUSE THE DEPOSITOR OR THE TRUST TO INVOKE IN ANY COURT OR GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMMENCING OR SUSTAINING A CASE AGAINST THE DEPOSITOR OR THE TRUST UNDER ANY FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY, INSOLVENCY, REORGANIZATION OR SIMILAR LAW OR APPOINTING A RECEIVER, LIQUIDATOR, ASSIGNEE, TRUSTEE, CUSTODIAN, SEQUESTRATOR OR OTHER SIMILAR OFFICIAL OF THE DEPOSITOR OR THE TRUST OR ANY SUBSTANTIAL PART OF ITS PROPERTY, OR ORDERING THE WINDING UP OR LIQUIDATION OF THE AFFAIRS OF THE DEPOSITOR OR THE TRUST UNDER A FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY OR INSOLVENCY PROCEEDING.

EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR CERTIFICATE OWNER BY ACCEPTING A CERTIFICATE (OR ANY INTEREST THEREIN) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SUCH PERSON’S CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) REPRESENTS BENEFICIAL INTERESTS IN THE TRUST ONLY AND DOES NOT REPRESENT INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE SERVICER, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE OWNER TRUSTEE, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR ANY AFFILIATE THEREOF AND NO RECOURSE, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, MAY BE HAD AGAINST SUCH PARTIES OR THEIR ASSETS, EXCEPT AS MAY BE EXPRESSLY SET FORTH OR CONTEMPLATED IN THE TRUST AGREEMENT, THE CERTIFICATES OR THE OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, NONE OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE SERVICER, THE CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR OR THE OWNER TRUSTEE IN THEIR RESPECTIVE INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, OR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE PARTNERS, BENEFICIARIES, AGENTS, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES OR SUCCESSORS OR ASSIGNS, SHALL BE PERSONALLY LIABLE FOR, NOR SHALL RECOURSE BE HAD TO ANY OF THEM FOR, THE DISTRIBUTION OF ANY AMOUNT WITH RESPECT TO THE CERTIFICATES OR THE TRUST’S PERFORMANCE OF, OR OMISSION TO PERFORM, ANY OBLIGATIONS OR INDEMNIFICATIONS CONTAINED IN THE CERTIFICATES, THE TRUST AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, IT BEING EXPRESSLY UNDERSTOOD THAT SUCH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OBLIGATIONS HAVE BEEN MADE SOLELY BY THE TRUST. EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER BY THE ACCEPTANCE OF A CERTIFICATE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) AGREES THAT EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, IN THE

 

  Ex. A-5    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


EVENT OF NONPAYMENT OF ANY AMOUNTS WITH RESPECT TO THE CERTIFICATES, IT SHALL HAVE NO CLAIM AGAINST ANY OF THE FOREGOING PERSONS FOR ANY DEFICIENCY, LOSS OR CLAIM THEREFROM. IN THE EVENT THAT ANY OF THE FOREGOING COVENANTS OF EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER AND CERTIFICATE OWNER IS PROHIBITED BY, OR DECLARED ILLEGAL OR OTHERWISE UNENFORCEABLE AGAINST ANY SUCH CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR CERTIFICATE OWNER UNDER APPLICABLE LAW BY ANY COURT OR OTHER AUTHORITY OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, AND, AS A RESULT, A CERTIFICATEHOLDER OR CERTIFICATE OWNER IS DEEMED TO HAVE AN INTEREST IN ANY ASSETS OF THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE DEPOSITOR OTHER THAN THE TRUST, EACH CERTIFICATEHOLDER AND CERTIFICATE OWNER AGREES THAT (I) ITS CLAIM AGAINST ANY SUCH OTHER ASSETS SHALL BE, AND HEREBY IS, SUBJECT AND SUBORDINATE IN ALL RESPECTS TO THE RIGHTS OF OTHER PERSONS TO WHOM RIGHTS IN THE OTHER ASSETS HAVE BEEN EXPRESSLY GRANTED, INCLUDING TO THE PAYMENT IN FULL OF ALL AMOUNTS OWING TO SUCH ENTITLED PERSONS, AND (II) THE COVENANT SET FORTH IN THE PRECEDING CLAUSE (I) CONSTITUTES A “SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF, AND SUBJECT TO, SECTION 510(A) OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE.

[UNLESS THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE TRUST OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.]

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2

ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATE

evidencing a fractional undivided Percentage Interest in the Trust, as defined below, the property of which includes a pool of retail instalment contracts and direct purchase money loans secured by new or used automobiles and light trucks and sold to the Trust by Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC.

 

  Ex. A-6    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


(This [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate does not represent an interest in or obligation of Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC or any of their respective affiliates, except to the extent described in the Transaction Documents.)

THIS CERTIFIES THAT CEDE & CO. is the registered owner of a nonassessable, fully-paid fractional undivided Percentage Interest in Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 (the “Trust”) formed by Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Depositor”).

The Trust was created pursuant to a trust agreement, dated as of August 10, 2021, as amended and restated as of the Closing Date (as so amended and restated, the “Trust Agreement”), between the Depositor and BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as owner trustee (the “Owner Trustee”), a summary of certain of the pertinent provisions of which is set forth below. To the extent not otherwise defined herein, the capitalized terms used herein have the meanings assigned to them or incorporated by reference in the Trust Agreement.

This [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is one of the duly authorized Certificates designated as Asset Backed Certificates (the “Certificates”). This [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is issued under and is subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Trust Agreement, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof, to which Trust Agreement the holder of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate by virtue of the acceptance hereof assents and by which such holder is bound.

Under the Trust Agreement there shall be distributed on the 10th day of each month, or if such day is not a Business Day, the next Business Day, commencing on June 10, 2022 (each, a “Distribution Date”), to the Person in whose name this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is registered on the related Record Date, such amount as is provided in the Transaction Documents. The “Record Date,” with respect to any Distribution Date, means the [close of business on the day immediately preceding such Distribution Date][last day of the preceding Collection Period].

The distributions in respect of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate are payable in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. All payments made by the Trust with respect to this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate shall be applied in respect of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate.

No transfer of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate shall be permitted if such transfer is effected through an established securities market or secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and any regulation thereunder.

The holder of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate acknowledges and agrees that its rights to receive distributions in respect of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate are subordinated to the rights of the Noteholders as and to the extent described in the Indenture.

 

  Ex. A-7    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


It is the intent of the Depositor, the Owner Trustee and the Certificateholders that, for United States federal income tax purposes, the Trust shall be treated as a grantor trust. Except as otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities, the Depositor and the other Certificateholders by acceptance of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate agree to treat, and to take no action inconsistent with the treatment of, this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate for such tax purposes as interests in such an entity as described in the previous sentence.

Each Certificateholder or Certificate Owner by its acceptance of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate (or an interest therein) covenants and agrees that such Certificateholder or Certificate Owner shall not (nor shall it join with or solicit another person to), prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of the Trust and of each other trust heretofore formed by the Depositor, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Depositor or the Trust to invoke in any court or governmental authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Depositor or the Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Depositor or the Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Depositor or the Trust under a federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

Except as otherwise provided in the Trust Agreement, distributions on this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate shall be made as provided in the Trust Agreement by the Paying Agent by wire transfer or check mailed to the Certificateholder without the presentation or surrender of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate or the making of any notation hereon. Except as otherwise provided in the Trust Agreement and notwithstanding the above, the final distribution on this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate shall be made after due notice by the Owner Trustee of the pendency of such distribution and only upon presentation and surrender of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate at the office maintained for such purpose by the Certificate Registrar.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been executed by an authorized officer of the Certificate Registrar by manual signature, this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate shall not entitle the holder hereof to any benefit under the Trust Agreement or the Servicing Agreement or be valid for any purpose.

 

  Ex. A-8    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


THIS [REGULATION S GLOBAL] [RULE 144A GLOBAL] CERTIFICATE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW THEREOF OR OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

 

  Ex. A-9    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Owner Trustee, on behalf of the Trust and not in its individual capacity, has caused this Certificate to be duly executed.

 

Dated: __________, 2022     CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2
    By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
    not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
    By:  

 

    Name:
    Title:

CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Certificates referred to in the within-mentioned Trust Agreement.

 

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity but solely as Certificate Registrar
By:  

 

Name:
Title:

 

  Ex. A-10    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


REVERSE OF CERTIFICATE

This [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate does not represent an obligation of, or an interest in, Carvana, LLC, the Depositor, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Owner Trustee or any affiliates of any of them and no recourse may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated herein or in the Trust Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. In addition, this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is not guaranteed by any governmental agency or instrumentality and is limited in right of payment to certain collections and recoveries with respect to the Receivables (and certain other amounts), all as more specifically set forth herein and in the other Transaction Documents. A copy of each of the other Transaction Documents may be examined during normal business hours at the principal office of the Depositor, and at such other places, if any, designated by the Depositor, by any Certificateholder upon written request. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate and the terms of the other Transaction Documents, the terms of the other Transaction Documents shall govern.

The Trust Agreement permits, with certain exceptions therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Depositor and the rights of the Certificateholders under the Trust Agreement at any time by the Depositor and the Owner Trustee with the consent of the Holders of the Notes evidencing not less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Controlling Class as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date and the consent of the Majority Certificateholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date. Any such consent by the Holder of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate shall be conclusive and binding on such Holder and on all future Holders of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate and of any Certificate issued upon the transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate. The Trust Agreement also permits the amendment thereof, in certain circumstances, without the consent of the Holders of any of the Certificates or the Notes.

As provided in the Trust Agreement and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is registerable in the Certificate Register upon surrender of this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate for registration of transfer at the offices or agencies of the Certificate Registrar, accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Owner Trustee and the Certificate Registrar duly executed by the Holder hereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Certificates evidencing the same aggregate Percentage Interest in the Trust will be issued to the designated transferee. The initial Certificate Registrar appointed under the Trust Agreement is the Indenture Trustee.

This [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is issuable only as a registered Certificate in the minimum denomination set forth in the Trust Agreement. As provided in the Trust Agreement and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is exchangeable for a new Certificate in the same aggregate Percentage Interest and nominal principal balance requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

 

  Ex. A-11    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


The Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar and any agent of the Owner Trustee or the Certificate Registrar may treat the Person in whose name this [Regulation S Global] [Rule 144A Global] Certificate is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, and none of the Owner Trustee, the Certificate Registrar or any such agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

The obligations and responsibilities created by the Trust Agreement and the Trust created thereby shall terminate in accordance with Article VII of the Trust Agreement.

 

  Ex. A-12    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto

PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY

NUMBER OR OTHER IDENTIFYING

NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE

 

 

(please print or type name and address, including postal zip code, of assignee)

 

 

the within Certificate (Asset Backed Certificate No. R-     issued by Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2), and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing

________________________________________________________________________________________ attorney to transfer said Certificate on the books of the Certificate Registrar, with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

Dated:       _____________________________*
      Signature Guaranteed:
      _____________________________*

 

*

NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears upon the face of the within Certificate in every particular, without alteration, enlargement or any change whatsoever. Such signature must be guaranteed by a member firm of the New York Stock Exchange or a commercial bank or trust company.

 

  Ex. A-13    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


EXHIBIT B

UNDERTAKING LETTER

Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC

c/o Carvana, LLC, its sole member

1930 W. Rio Salado Parkway

Tempe, Arizona 85281

BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware,

as Owner Trustee of Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2

301 Bellevue Parkway, 3rd Floor

Wilmington, Delaware 19809

Attention: Corporate Trust Administration

Computershare Trust Company, National Association,

as Paying Agent

600 S. 4th Street

MAC N9300-070

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55415

Attention: Corporate Trust Services – Asset Backed Administration

Ladies and Gentlemen:

In connection with our purchase of record or beneficial ownership of the R-___ Asset Backed Certificate (the “Certificate”) of Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, the undersigned purchaser, record owner or beneficial owner hereby acknowledges, represents and warrants that such purchaser, record owner or beneficial owner:

(1) is not, and is not acquiring the Certificate with the assets of or on behalf of or for the account of, (a) (i) an “employee benefit plan,” as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (ii) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or (iii) any entity or account whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of investment by an employee benefit plan or plan in such entity or account (each, a “Benefit Plan Investor”) other than an “insurance company general account,” as defined in Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 95-60 (“PTCE 95-60”), whose underlying assets include less than 25% “plan assets” of Benefit Plan Investors, who is not and is not an affiliate of a person that has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the Trust or provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to the assets of the Trust, and for which the purchase and holding of Certificates is eligible and satisfies all conditions for relief under PTCE 95-60, or (b) any other plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) if such acquisition or holding would result in a violation of any Similar Law;

 

  Ex. B-1    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


(2) [did not acquire such Certificate through an established securities market or secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and any regulation thereunder;]

(3) [if such person is a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), agrees to deliver to the Trust, the Owner Trustee, Paying Agent and the Administrator on or prior to the date such person becomes a Certificateholder under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Trust, the Owner Trustee, Paying Agent or the Administrator), executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 certifying that such Certificateholder is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax;]

(4) [if such person is not a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), agrees to deliver to the Owner Trustee, Paying Agent and the Administrator on or prior to the date such person becomes a Certificateholder under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Owner Trustee, Paying Agent or the Administrator), executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN, or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, and to the extent such Certificateholder is not the beneficial owner of the Certificate, Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY accompanied by Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable;]

(5) [if such person is not a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) and provides an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable (or Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY accompanied with a Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable) under Section 3.4(j) of the Trust Agreement in order to claim the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under Section 881(c) of the Code (instead of, for example, claiming the benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party), such Certificateholder (or in the case of a Certificateholder providing such Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY, the beneficial owner of the Certificate) hereby represents and warrants that it is not a (i) “bank” within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (ii) “10 percent shareholder” of the Trust within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code or (iii) “controlled foreign corporation” described in Section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code;]

(6) [that, as a result of its own activities separate from those of the Trust, it would not be required to treat income from the Certificates as effectively connected to a United States trade or business of a person that is not a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code), and it further acknowledges that the Trust Agreement provides that no Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate shall provide the Owner Trustee, Certificate Registrar, or the Paying Agent with either an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) or an IRS Form W-8IMY (or successor form) to which an IRS Form W-8ECI (or successor form) is attached (either directly or as part of another form attached to such IRS Form W-8IMY), and agrees that, no portion of such Certificate or any interest therein may be transferred, directly or indirectly, to any person that would provide an IRS Form W-8ECI or IRS Form W-8IMY with an attached IRS Form W-8ECI in response to the withholding requirements in the Trust Agreement;]

 

  Ex. B-2    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement


(7) [if subject to U.S. federal withholding tax imposed by FATCA if such person were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), agrees to deliver to the Trust, the Owner Trustee, Paying Agent, Administrator or any person designated by any of the foregoing (individually or collectively as the context may require, the “FATCA Administrator”) at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the FATCA Administrator such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including without limitation as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the FATCA Administrator to comply with FATCA and to determine that such Certificateholder or beneficial owner of a Certificate has complied with such person’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment to such person;]

(8) [does not own, have any interest in or will not acquire any of the Notes or an interest therein unless such purchaser, record owner or beneficial owner has complied with Section 3.14 of the Trust Agreement;]

(9) will require any transferee of our interest in the Certificate to deliver an undertaking letter in a form substantially similar to this letter to Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as Owner Trustee of Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 and the Indenture Trustee, as Paying Agent; and

(10) acknowledges that you and others will rely on our acknowledgments, representations and warranties made in connection with our purchase of record or beneficial ownership of the Certificate and agrees to notify you promptly in writing if any of our representations or warranties herein cease to be accurate and complete.

 

 

Name of Certificate Owner
By:  

             

Name:  

                 

Title:  

             

Date:  

             

 

  Ex. B-3    CRVNA 2022-P2 Trust Agreement

Exhibit 10.8

 

 

 

AMENDED AND RESTATED

GRANTOR TRUST AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor

and

BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,

as Grantor Trust Trustee

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

     1  

Section 1.1

  Definitions      1  

ARTICLE II ORGANIZATION

     1  

Section 2.1

  Name      1  

Section 2.2

  Office      1  

Section 2.3

  Purposes and Powers      1  

Section 2.4

  Appointment of Grantor Trust Trustee      2  

Section 2.5

  Initial Capital Contribution of Grantor Trust Collateral      2  

Section 2.6

  Declaration of Trust      3  

Section 2.7

  Liability of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder      3  

Section 2.8

  Title to Trust Property      3  

Section 2.9

  Situs of Trust      3  

Section 2.10

  Representations and Warranties of the Grantor      4  

Section 2.11

  Tax Treatment      4  

Section 2.12

  Rights under Transaction Documents      5  

Section 2.13

  Charged-Off Receivable Sales      5  

ARTICLE III THE CERTIFICATES

     6  

Section 3.1

  Initial Grantor Trust Certificate Ownership      6  

Section 3.2

  Form of the Grantor Trust Certificate      6  

Section 3.3

  Execution, Authentication and Delivery      6  

Section 3.4

  Registration of the Grantor Trust Certificate; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of the Grantor Trust Certificate      7  

Section 3.5

  Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Grantor Trust Certificate      10  

Section 3.6

  The Grantor Trust Certificateholder      11  

Section 3.7

  Access to Grantor Trust Certificateholder’s Name and Address      11  

Section 3.8

  Maintenance of Corporate Trust Office and Records      11  

Section 3.9

  Appointment of Grantor Trust Paying Agent      11  

Section 3.10

  Grantor as Grantor Trust Certificateholder      12  

Section 3.11

  Rule 144A Information      12  

ARTICLE IV ACTIONS BY GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE

     12  

 

  -i-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

Section 4.1

  Prior Notice to Grantor Trust Certificateholder with Respect to Certain Matters      12  

Section 4.2

  Action by Grantor Trust Certificateholder with Respect to Certain Matters      14  

Section 4.3

  Action by Grantor Trust Certificateholder with Respect to Bankruptcy      14  

Section 4.4

  Restrictions on Grantor Trust Certificateholder’s Power      14  

ARTICLE V CERTAIN DUTIES

     15  

Section 5.1

  Accounting and Reports to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Internal Revenue Service and Others      15  

Section 5.2

  Tax Returns; Other Tax Matters      15  

Section 5.3

  Withholding Tax      15  

ARTICLE VI THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE

     16  

Section 6.1

  Duties of Grantor Trust Trustee      16  

Section 6.2

  Rights of Grantor Trust Trustee      17  

Section 6.3

  Acceptance of Trusts and Duties      18  

Section 6.4

  Action upon Instruction by Certificateholders      22  

Section 6.5

  Furnishing of Documents      23  

Section 6.6

  Representations and Warranties of Grantor Trust Trustee      23  

Section 6.7

  Reliance; Advice of Counsel      23  

Section 6.8

  Grantor Trust Trustee May Own Notes      24  

Section 6.9

  Compensation and Indemnity      24  

Section 6.10

  Replacement of Grantor Trust Trustee      25  

Section 6.11

  Merger or Consolidation of Grantor Trust Trustee      26  

Section 6.12

  Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee      27  

Section 6.13

  Eligibility Requirements for Grantor Trust Trustee      28  

ARTICLE VII TERMINATION OF TRUST AGREEMENT

     28  

Section 7.1

  Termination of Trust Agreement      28  

ARTICLE VIII AMENDMENTS

     29  

Section 8.1

  Amendments Without Consent of Noteholders      29  

Section 8.2

  Amendments With Consent of Noteholders and Grantor Trust Certificateholder      30  

 

  -ii-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

Section 8.3

  Form of Amendments      31  

ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS

     31  

Section 9.1

  No Legal Title to Grantor Trust Collateral      31  

Section 9.2

  Limitations on Rights of Others      32  

Section 9.3

  Derivative Actions      32  

Section 9.4

  Notices      32  

Section 9.5

  Severability      32  

Section 9.6

  Counterparts      32  

Section 9.7

  Successors and Assigns      33  

Section 9.8

  No Petition      33  

Section 9.9

  No Recourse      33  

Section 9.10

  Headings      34  

Section 9.11

  Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial      34  

Section 9.12

  Effect of Amendment and Restatement      34  

Section 9.13

  Information to be Provided by the Grantor Trust Trustee      34  

Section 9.14

  Owner Trustee      36  

Section 9.15

  Electronic Means      37  

 

  -iii-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


This AMENDED AND RESTATED GRANTOR TRUST AGREEMENT, dated as of May 25, 2022 (this “Agreement”), is between CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, in its capacity as a grantor (the “Grantor”), and BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, a Delaware banking corporation, as grantor trust trustee and not in its individual capacity (the “Grantor Trust Trustee”).

WHEREAS, a certain Trust Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2021, and effective as of August 27, 2021, was previously entered into (the “Original Grantor Trust Agreement”), that contemplated this Trust Agreement; and

WHEREAS, the Grantor, the Sponsor and the Grantor Trust Trustee desire hereby to amend and restate the Original Grantor Trust Agreement in its entirety.

NOW, THEREFORE, the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Trustee hereby agree and the Sponsor acknowledges and agrees as follows:

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Section 1.1 Definitions. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Grantor Trust Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

ARTICLE II

ORGANIZATION

Section 2.1 Name. The Trust continued hereby shall be known as Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2 (the “Trust”), in which name the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Administrator (to the extent set forth in the Transaction Documents) may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute contracts and other instruments on behalf of the Trust and sue and be sued on behalf of the Trust. The Grantor Trust Certificate of Trust and amendment to the Grantor Trust Certificate of Trust were filed on behalf of the Trust pursuant to Section 3810 of the Statutory Trust Act.

Section 2.2 Office. The office of the Trust shall be in care of the Grantor Trust Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office or at such other address in Delaware as the Grantor Trust Trustee may designate by written notice to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Grantor and the Administrator.

Section 2.3 Purposes and Powers. The purpose of the Trust is, and the Trust shall have the power and authority, to engage in the following activities:

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(a) to acquire the Receivables from the Grantor and to manage and hold the Receivables and the related Contracts;

(b) to issue the Grantor Trust Certificate pursuant to this Agreement and to sell, transfer and exchange the Grantor Trust Certificate and to make distributions to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder;

(c) to assign, grant, transfer, pledge, mortgage and convey the Grantor Trust Collateral pursuant to the terms of the Indenture and to hold, manage and distribute to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and the Indenture, any portion of the Grantor Trust Collateral released from the lien of, and remitted to the Trust pursuant to, the Indenture;

(d) to enter into and perform its obligations and exercise its rights under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and any additional agreement, document, letter or undertaking executed in connection with the Transaction Documents or the transactions described therein to which it is a party;

(e) to engage in those activities, including entering into agreements, that are necessary, suitable or convenient to accomplish the foregoing or are incidental thereto or connected therewith; and

(f) subject to compliance with the Transaction Documents, to engage in such other activities as may be required in connection with conservation of the Grantor Trust Collateral and the making of distributions to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder.

Each of the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Administrator, as applicable is hereby authorized to engage in the foregoing actions on behalf of the Grantor Trust. The Trust shall not engage in any activity other than in connection with the foregoing or other than as required or authorized by the terms of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or in any other document, neither the Trust nor the Grantor Trust Trustee (nor any agent of either person) shall be authorized or empowered to acquire any other investments, reinvest any proceeds of the Trust or engage in activities other than the foregoing, and, in particular neither the Trust nor the Grantor Trust Trustee (nor any agent of either person) shall be authorized or empowered to do anything that would cause the Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

Section 2.4 Appointment of Grantor Trust Trustee. The Grantor hereby appoints the Grantor Trust Trustee as trustee of the Trust to have all the rights, powers and duties set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Act.

Section 2.5 Initial Capital Contribution of Grantor Trust Collateral. In accordance with Section 3802(a) of the Statutory Trust Act, the Grantor has not made, and is not required to make, a contribution to the Trust. The Grantor shall pay organizational expenses of the Trust as they may arise or shall, upon the request of the Grantor Trust Trustee, promptly reimburse the Grantor Trust Trustee for any such expenses paid by the Grantor Trust Trustee.

 

  2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


Section 2.6 Declaration of Trust. The Grantor Trust Trustee hereby declares that it shall hold the Grantor Trust Collateral in the name of the Trust and not in the Grantor Trust Trustee’s name for the Trust, except as required by and in accordance with Section 2.8, in trust upon and subject to the conditions set forth herein for the use and benefit of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, subject to the obligations of the Trust under the Transaction Documents. It is the intention of the parties hereto that the Trust constitute a statutory trust under the Statutory Trust Act, that this Agreement constitute the governing instrument of such statutory trust and that the Grantor Trust Certificate represents the entire undivided beneficial interest therein. The rights of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall be determined as set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Act and the relationship between the parties hereto created by this Agreement shall not constitute indebtedness for any purpose. Effective as of the date hereof, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have all rights, powers and duties set forth herein and in the Statutory Trust Act with respect to accomplishing the purposes of the Trust.

Section 2.7 Liability of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder. Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

Section 2.8 Title to Trust Property. Legal title to all of the Grantor Trust Collateral shall be vested at all times in the Trust as a separate legal entity except where applicable law in any jurisdiction requires title to any part of the Grantor Trust Collateral to be vested in a trustee or trustees, in which case title shall be deemed to be transferred to and vested in the Grantor Trust Trustee, a co-trustee or a separate trustee, as the case may be; provided that in no event shall title to, or any ownership interest in, any part of the Grantor Trust Collateral be vested in the name of the Grantor Trust Trustee without the express prior written consent of the Grantor Trust Trustee (which may be withheld or conditioned by the Grantor Trust Trustee for any reason in good faith). Any such trustee shall take such part of the Grantor Trust Collateral subject to the security interest of the Indenture Trustee therein established under the Indenture. Any such trustee’s acceptance of its appointment shall constitute acknowledgment of such security interest and shall constitute a Grant to the Indenture Trustee of a security interest in all property held by such trustee. The Administrator, on behalf of any such trustee, shall prepare and file all such financing statements naming the Trust as debtor that are necessary or advisable to perfect, make effective or continue the lien and security interest of the Indenture Trustee.

Section 2.9 Situs of Trust. The Trust shall be located and administered in the States of Delaware or New York. All bank accounts maintained by the Grantor Trust Trustee on behalf of the Trust shall be located in the State of Delaware or the State of New York. The Trust shall not have any employees in any State other than the State of Delaware; provided, however, that nothing herein shall restrict or prohibit the Grantor Trust Trustee from having employees within or without the State of Delaware. Payments shall be received by the Trust only in the State of Delaware or the State of New York, and payments shall be made by the Trust only from the State of Delaware or the State of New York. The only office of the Trust shall be the Corporate Trust Office of the Grantor Trust Trustee in the State of Delaware.

 

  3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


Section 2.10 Representations and Warranties of the Grantor. The Grantor hereby represents and warrants to the Grantor Trust Trustee that:

(a) The Grantor has been duly organized and is validly existing as a statutory trust in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with power and authority to own its properties and to conduct its business as such properties are presently owned and such business is presently conducted and had at all relevant times, and now has, power, authority and legal right to acquire and own the Receivables and related Contracts contemplated to be transferred to the Trust pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement.

(b) The Grantor is duly qualified to do business as a foreign entity in good standing, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals, in all jurisdictions in which the ownership or lease of property or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications except where the failure to qualify could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect or where such license or approval has been applied for.

(c) The Grantor has the power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Grantor is a party and to carry out its terms, the Grantor has full power and authority to sell and assign the property to be sold and assigned to and deposited with the Trust as part of the Grantor Trust Collateral and the Grantor has duly authorized such sale and assignment to the Trust by all necessary statutory trust action; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by the Grantor by all necessary statutory trust action.

(d) This Agreement, when duly executed and delivered, shall constitute legal, valid and binding obligation of the Grantor enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, receivership, conservatorship, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

(e) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Grantor is a party, and the fulfillment of the terms of this Agreement and any other Transaction Document to which the Grantor is a party do not (i) conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time) a default under, the Grantor’s Formation Documents or any Contractual Obligation of the Grantor, (ii) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of the Grantor’s properties pursuant to the terms of any such Formation Documents or Contractual Obligation, other than this Agreement, or (iii) to the best of the Grantor’s knowledge, violate any Applicable Law.

Section 2.11 Tax Treatment. The Grantor and Grantor Trust Trustee, by entering into this Agreement, express their intention that the Trust will be treated, for United States federal income tax purposes, as a grantor trust and it is neither the purpose nor the intent of the parties hereto to create a partnership, joint venture or association taxable as a corporation. If the Grantor is not the sole owner of the Grantor Trust Certificate, through sale of the Grantor Trust Certificate or otherwise, the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Trustee, by entering into this Agreement, and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, by acquiring the Grantor Trust Certificate or interest therein, (i) express their intention that the Grantor Trust Certificate will, for United States federal income tax purposes, qualify as an interest in a grantor trust and (ii) unless otherwise required by the

 

  4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


appropriate taxing authorities, agree to treat the Grantor Trust Certificate as an interest in an entity as described in clause (i) of this Section 2.11 for United States federal income tax purposes. The parties agree that, unless otherwise required by appropriate tax authorities, the Trust shall file or cause to be filed annual or other necessary returns, reports and other forms consistent with such characterization of the Trust for such tax purposes. In furtherance of the foregoing, (i) the purpose of the Trust shall be to protect and conserve the assets of the Trust, and the Trust shall not at any time engage in or carry on any kind of business or any kind of commercial or investment activity other than as expressly permitted by this Agreement and (ii) the Trust and Grantor Trust Trustee (and any agent of either person) shall take, or refrain from taking, all such action as is necessary to maintain the status of the Trust as a grantor trust. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or otherwise, neither the Trust nor the Grantor Trust Trustee (nor any agent of either person) shall (1) acquire any assets or dispose of any portion of the Trust other than pursuant to the specific provisions of this Agreement, (2) vary the investment of the Trust within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 301.7701-4(c) or (3) substitute new investments or reinvest so as to enable the Trust to take advantage of variations in the market to improve the investment of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not have any authority to manage, control, use, sell, dispose of or otherwise deal with any part of the Trust property except as required by the express terms of this Agreement in accordance with the powers granted to or the authority conferred upon the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to this Agreement.

Section 2.12 Rights under Transaction Documents. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall, on behalf of the Trust, be entitled to enforce or exercise any rights, remedies or powers of the Trust under the Transaction Documents, any amendments or other modifications thereto, and any documents, certificates, agreements or other documents contemplated thereby, including, without limitation, rights and powers in connection with any approvals, consents, waivers, instructions, directions and establishment and administration of bank accounts on behalf of the Trust with respect to any matters under any such Transaction Document.

Section 2.13 Charged-Off Receivable Sales. The Trust may enter into agreements with the Servicer and Charged-Off Receivable Purchasers pursuant to which the Trust agrees to sell Charged-Off Receivables to such Charged-Off Receivable Purchasers and under which the Trust incurs certain repurchase obligations relating to such Charged-Off Receivables; provided that such repurchase obligations with respect to a Charged-Off Receivable may not exceed ninety (90) days from the date such Charged-Off Receivable is sold to a Charged-Off Receivable Purchaser.

 

  5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


ARTICLE III

THE CERTIFICATES

Section 3.1 Initial Grantor Trust Certificate Ownership. Since the formation of the Trust, the Grantor has been the sole beneficiary of the Trust and on the Closing Date, the Grantor shall be designated as the initial Grantor Trust Certificateholder.

Section 3.2 Form of the Grantor Trust Certificate.

(a) The Grantor Trust Certificate, upon original issuance, shall be issued in the form of Exhibit A hereto.

(b) The Grantor Trust Certificate shall be issued without any principal balance or notional amount.

(c) [Reserved].

(d) [Reserved].

(e) The Grantor Trust Certificate shall represent the entire undivided beneficial interest in the Trust. The Grantor Trust Certificate shall be executed on behalf of the Trust by manual or facsimile signature of a Responsible Officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee. A Grantor Trust Certificate bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were, at the time when such signatures shall have been affixed, authorized to sign on behalf of the Trust, shall be duly issued, fully paid and non-assessable beneficial interests in the Trust, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them shall have ceased to be so authorized prior to the authentication and delivery of the Grantor Trust Certificate or did not hold such offices at the date of authentication and delivery of the Grantor Trust Certificate.

(f) The Grantor Trust Certificate shall be typewritten, printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods (with or without steel engraved borders) all as determined by the officers executing the Grantor Trust Certificate, as evidenced by their execution of the Grantor Trust Certificate. The Grantor Trust Certificate shall be issued in fully-registered form.

(g) The terms of the Grantor Trust Certificate set forth in Exhibit A shall form part of this Agreement. The Holder of the Grantor Trust Certificate, by its acceptance of the entire undivided beneficial interest in the Grantor Trust Certificate, shall be deemed to have made the representations and agreements set forth in Exhibit A. Each transferee of the Grantor Trust Certificate shall deliver an undertaking letter in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B to the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor.

Section 3.3 Execution, Authentication and Delivery. Concurrently with the contribution of the Receivables and related Contracts to the Trust pursuant to the Receivables Contribution Agreement, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall cause the Grantor Trust Certificate representing the entire undivided beneficial interest in the Trust to be executed on behalf of the Trust, authenticated and delivered to or upon the written order of the Grantor, signed by an Authorized Officer without further statutory trust action by the Grantor. Such Grantor Trust Certificate shall be issued to the Grantor or an Affiliate of the Grantor, as the initial Holder of the Grantor Trust Certificate, and held by the Indenture Trustee (who shall be entitled to the same rights, benefits and protections of the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture mutatis mutandis). The Grantor Trust Certificate shall not entitle its holder to any benefit under this Agreement, or shall be valid for any purpose, unless there shall appear on the Grantor Trust Certificate the certificate of authentication substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A, executed by the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee’s authenticating agent, by manual signature. Such authentication shall constitute conclusive evidence that the Grantor Trust Certificate has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. The Grantor Trust Certificate shall be dated the date of its authentication.

 

  6   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


Section 3.4 Registration of the Grantor Trust Certificate; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of the Grantor Trust Certificate.

(a) The Grantor hereby appoints BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as initial Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, and in such capacity, or any successor certificate registrar thereof (such entity, the “Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar”), as an agent for the Trust, shall keep or cause to be kept, at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.8, a register (such register, the “Grantor Trust Certificate Register”), in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall provide for the registration of the Grantor Trust Certificate and of transfers and exchanges of the Grantor Trust Certificate as provided herein. Upon any resignation of a Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, the Grantor shall promptly appoint a successor or, if it elects not to make such an appointment, any court of competent jurisdiction may appoint a successor Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar. The entries in the Grantor Trust Certificate Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and the Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar and the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall treat the Person whose name is recorded in the Grantor Trust Certificate Register pursuant to the terms hereof as the Grantor Trust Certificateholder hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement. This Section 3.4 shall be construed so that the Grantor Trust Certificate under this Agreement is at all times maintained in “registered form” within the meaning of Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations. The Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall record all distributions made to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder with respect to the Trust’s assets.

(b) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of the Grantor Trust Certificate at the office or agency maintained pursuant to Section 3.8 and upon compliance with the provisions of this Agreement relating to such transfer, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall execute on behalf of the Trust, authenticate and deliver (or shall cause its authenticating agent to authenticate and deliver), in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, a new Grantor Trust Certificate dated the date of authentication by the Grantor Trust Trustee or any authenticating agent.

(c) [Reserved].

(d) The Grantor Trust Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar duly executed by the Grantor Trust Certificateholder or his attorney duly authorized in writing and such other documents and instruments as may be required by Section 3.4(b). The Grantor Trust Certificate surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be canceled and subsequently destroyed or otherwise disposed of by the Grantor Trust Trustee or Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar in accordance with its customary practice.

(e) The Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge that may be imposed and any other expenses of the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar in connection with any transfer or exchange of the Grantor Trust Certificate.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(f) The Grantor Trust Certificate may not be acquired with the assets of or held by or for the account of a Benefit Plan Investor other than an “insurance company general account,” as defined in Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 95-60 (“PTCE 95-60”), whose underlying assets include less than 25% “plan assets” of Benefit Plan Investors, who is not and is not an affiliate of a person that has discretionary authority or control with respect to such assets or provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to the assets of the Trust, and for which the purchase and holding of Grantor Trust Certificate is eligible and satisfies all conditions for relief under PTCE 95-60. The Grantor Trust Certificate also may not be acquired with the assets of or held by or for the account of any other plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) if such acquisition or holding would result in a violation of any Similar Law.

(g) Each Certificateholder that is a United States person (as defined in Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) shall deliver to the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, the Grantor Trust Paying Agent and the Trust on or prior to the date such person becomes a Certificateholder under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the reasonable request of the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar or Grantor Trust Paying Agent), executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 certifying that such Certificateholder is exempt from U.S. federal backup withholding tax. If the Grantor Trust Certificateholder that would be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax imposed by FATCA if such person were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), then the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall deliver to the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, Grantor Trust Paying Agent, Administrator, the Trust or any person designated by any of the foregoing (individually or collectively as the context may require, the “FATCA Administrator”) at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the FATCA Administrator such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the FATCA Administrator to comply with FATCA and to determine that the Grantor Trust Certificateholder has complied with such person’s obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment to such person.

(h) No transfer of a Grantor Trust Certificate shall be permitted if such transfer is effected through an established securities market or secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and any regulation thereunder.

(i) Each prospective transferee of the Grantor Trust Certificate understands that the Grantor Trust Certificate is being offered only in a transaction not involving any public offering in the United States within the meaning of the Securities Act, the Grantor Trust Certificate has not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act, and, if in the future the transferee decides to offer, resell, pledge or otherwise transfer the Grantor Trust Certificate, the Grantor Trust Certificate may only be offered, resold, pledged or otherwise transferred in accordance with this Agreement and the applicable legend on such Grantor Trust Certificate set forth below.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(j) Each transferee of the Grantor Trust Certificate understands that an investment in the Grantor Trust Certificate involves certain risks, including the risk of loss of all or a substantial part of its investment under certain circumstances. Each transferee acknowledges that it has had access to such financial and other information concerning the Trust and the Grantor Trust Certificate as it deemed necessary or appropriate in order to make an informed investment decision with respect to its purchase of the Grantor Trust Certificate. Each transferee acknowledges that it has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that the transferee is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of its investment in the Grantor Trust Certificate, and the transferee and any accounts for which it is acting are each able to bear the economic risk of the holder’s or of its investment.

(k) No transferee of a Grantor Trust Certificate will offer, transfer, pledge, sell or otherwise dispose of the Grantor Trust Certificate or any interest in the Grantor Trust Certificate to any Person in any manner, or solicit any offer to buy, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Grantor Trust Certificate or any interest in the Grantor Trust Certificate from any Person in any manner, or make any general solicitation by means of general advertising or in any other manner, or take any other action that would constitute a distribution of the Grantor Trust Certificate under the Securities Act or that would render the disposition of the Grantor Trust Certificate a violation of Section 5 of the Securities Act or any other applicable securities laws or require registration pursuant thereto, and will not authorize any Person to act on its behalf, in such manner with respect to the Grantor Trust Certificate.

(l) In connection with the transfer of the Grantor Trust Certificate, the Trust shall determine in its sole discretion that the transfer complies with the requirements of Section 3.4(g) and 3.4(h) of this Agreement.

(m) Each prospective transferee of the Grantor Trust Certificate shall acknowledge that the Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, any initial purchaser or placement agent and others will rely upon the truth and accuracy of the acknowledgements, representations, warranties and agreements in this Section 3.4 and agree that if any of the acknowledgements, representations, warranties or agreements made by it in connection with its purchase of the Grantor Trust Certificate are no longer accurate, the transferee will promptly notify the Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee and any initial purchaser or placement agent.

(n) The Grantor Trust Certificateholder and each transferee of a Grantor Trust Certificate acknowledges that the Grantor Trust Certificate will bear a legend substantially in the form of the legend appearing in the form of Grantor Trust Certificate attached hereto as Exhibit A.

(o) Any transferee agrees that any purported transfer of the Grantor Trust Certificate that is not made in accordance with the restrictions set forth herein will be null and void from the beginning and will not be given effect for any purpose thereunder.

(p) Any prospective transferee of the Grantor Trust Certificate acknowledges and represents that it is acquiring the Grantor Trust Certificate in whole and not in part and that it is not the Grantor Trust Trustee.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


Section 3.5 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Grantor Trust Certificate.

(a) If (i) a mutilated Grantor Trust Certificate is surrendered to the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, or the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of the Grantor Trust Certificate, and (ii) there is delivered to the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Trust such security or indemnity as may be required by them to hold each of them harmless, then, in the absence of actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar or the Grantor Trust Trustee that the Grantor Trust Certificate has been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall execute on behalf of the Trust, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall authenticate and deliver (or shall cause its authenticating agent to authenticate and deliver), in exchange for or in lieu of the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate, a replacement Grantor Trust Certificate; provided, however, that the destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate, but not a mutilated Grantor Trust Certificate, shall have become or within seven (7) days shall be payable, then, instead of issuing a replacement Grantor Trust Certificate, Grantor Trust Paying Agent may make distributions to the registered Holder of such destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate when so payable.

(b) If, after the delivery of a replacement Grantor Trust Certificate or payment in respect of a destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate pursuant to Section 3.5(a), a protected purchaser of the original Grantor Trust Certificate in lieu of which such replacement Grantor Trust Certificate was issued presents for payment or distribution such original Grantor Trust Certificate, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall be entitled to recover such replacement Grantor Trust Certificate (and any distributions or payments made with respect thereto) or such payment or distribution from the Person to whom it was delivered or any Person taking such replacement Grantor Trust Certificate from such Person to whom such replacement Grantor Trust Certificate was delivered or any assignee of such Person, except a protected purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar in connection therewith.

(c) In connection with the issuance of a replacement Grantor Trust Certificate under this Section 3.5, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar may require the payment by the Holder of the Grantor Trust Certificate of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other reasonable expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar) connected therewith.

(d) A duplicate Grantor Trust Certificate issued pursuant to this Section 3.6 in replacement of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate shall constitute an original beneficial interest in the Trust, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate shall be found at any time or be enforced by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Agreement.

(e) The provisions of this Section 3.5 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Grantor Trust Certificate.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


Section 3.6 The Grantor Trust Certificateholder. Subject to the provisions of Section 3.4, prior to due presentation of the Grantor Trust Certificate for registration of transfer, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar and any Grantor Trust Paying Agent may treat the Person in whose name the Grantor Trust Certificate is registered in the Grantor Trust Certificate Register as the Grantor Trust Certificateholder of such Grantor Trust Certificate for the purpose of receiving distributions pursuant to Article V and for all other purposes whatsoever, and neither the Grantor Trust Trustee nor the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar and the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

Section 3.7 Access to Grantor Trust Certificateholders Name and Address. The Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Grantor Trust Paying Agent and the Grantor, within fifteen (15) days after receipt by the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar of a request therefor from the Grantor Trust Paying Agent or the Grantor in writing, the name and address of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder as of the most recent Record Date. The Holder, by receiving and holding the Grantor Trust Certificate, shall be deemed to have agreed not to hold any of the Grantor Trust Paying Agent, the Grantor, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar or the Grantor Trust Trustee accountable by reason of the disclosure of its name and address, regardless of the source from which such information was derived.

Section 3.8 Maintenance of Corporate Trust Office and Records. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall maintain an office or offices or agency or agencies where notices and demands to or upon the Grantor Trust Trustee in respect of the Grantor Trust Certificate and the Transaction Documents may be served. The Grantor Trust Trustee initially designates its office located at 301 Bellevue Parkway, 3rd Floor, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, as its principal office for such purposes. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall give prompt written notice to the Grantor, the Grantor Trust Paying Agent and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder of any change in the location of the Grantor Trust Trustee or any such office or agency. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall maintain (or cause to be maintained) copies of all documents, instructions, notices and any other writings (in hard copy or electronic form), delivered to the Grantor Trust Trustee by any Person with respect to the Trust. The Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall maintain an office or offices or agency or agencies where Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange. The Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar initially designates its office located at 240 Greenwich Street, 7 East, New York, New York 10286, as its principal office for such purposes. The Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall give prompt written notice to the Grantor, the Grantor Trust Paying Agent, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder of any change in the location of the Grantor Trust Certificate Register or any such office or agency.

Section 3.9 Appointment of Grantor Trust Paying Agent. The Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall initially be the Grantor Trust Trustee, and any co-paying agent chosen by the Grantor Trust Trustee. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall be permitted to resign as Grantor Trust Paying Agent upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to the Administrator. If the Grantor Trust Trustee shall no longer be the Grantor Trust Paying Agent, the Grantor Trust Trustee, upon receipt of written direction from the Administrator shall appoint a successor to act as Grantor Trust Paying Agent (which shall be a bank, insurance company or trust company). The Administrator shall cause such successor Grantor Trust Paying Agent or any additional Grantor Trust Paying Agent appointed by the Administrator to execute and deliver to the Grantor Trust Trustee an instrument in which such

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


successor Grantor Trust Paying Agent or additional Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall agree with the Grantor Trust Trustee that as Grantor Trust Paying Agent, such successor Grantor Trust Paying Agent or additional Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall hold all sums, if any, held by it for payment to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder in trust for the benefit of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder. The Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall return all unclaimed funds to the Grantor Trust Trustee and upon removal of a Grantor Trust Paying Agent such Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall also return all funds in its possession to the Grantor Trust Trustee. The provisions of Sections 6.3, 6.6, 6.7 and 6.9 shall apply to the Grantor Trust Trustee also in its role as Grantor Trust Paying Agent or Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar for so long as the Grantor Trust Trustee shall act as Grantor Trust Paying Agent or Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar and, to the extent applicable, to any other paying agent, grantor trust certificate registrar or authenticating agent appointed hereunder. Any reference in this Agreement to the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall include any co-paying agent unless the context requires otherwise.

Section 3.10 Grantor as Grantor Trust Certificateholder. The Grantor in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of the Grantor Trust Certificate and may otherwise deal with the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar or any of such party’s respective Affiliates as if it were not the Grantor.

Section 3.11 Rule 144A Information. The Grantor shall, during any period in which a purchaser of the Grantor Trust Certificate holds such Grantor Trust Certificate and in which the Grantor is not subject to Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, make available, upon request, to the Holder of the Grantor Trust Certificate in connection with any sale thereof and any prospective purchaser of the Grantor Trust Certificate from such Holder, the information specified in Rule 144A(d)(4) under the Act.

ARTICLE IV

ACTIONS BY GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE

Section 4.1 Prior Notice to Grantor Trust Certificateholder with Respect to Certain Matters. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not take action with respect to the following matters, unless (i) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have notified the Grantor Trust Certificateholder in writing (with a copy to the Grantor) of the proposed action at least ten (10) days (or such shorter period as is acceptable to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder) before the taking of such action, and (ii) the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not have notified the Grantor Trust Trustee in writing prior to the 10th day (or such shorter period acceptable to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder) after such notice is given that the Grantor Trust Certificateholder has withheld consent or provided alternative direction:

(a) the initiation of any material claim or lawsuit by the Trust (other than an action by the Indenture Trustee or an action to collect on a Receivable) and the compromise of any material action, proceeding, investigation, claim or lawsuit brought by or against the Trust (other than an action by the Indenture Trustee or an action to collect on a Receivable);

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(b) except as may be required under the Statutory Trust Act, the election by the Trust to file an amendment to the Grantor Trust Certificate of Trust filed with the Delaware Secretary of State;

(c) the amendment of the Indenture by a supplemental indenture in circumstances where the consent of any Noteholder is required;

(d) the amendment of the Indenture by a supplemental indenture in circumstances where the consent of any Noteholder is not required and such amendment materially adversely affects the interests of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder;

(e) the amendment, change or modification of the Servicing Agreement, the Receivables Contribution Agreement, the Indenture or any other Transaction Document to which the Trust is a party, except to cure any ambiguity or to add, amend or supplement any provision in a manner that would not materially adversely affect the interests of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder; or

(f) the appointment pursuant to the Indenture or the Administration Agreement, as applicable, of a successor Note Registrar, Grantor Trust Paying Agent for the Notes or Indenture Trustee or, pursuant to this Agreement, of a successor Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, or the consent to the assignment by the Note Registrar, Grantor Trust Paying Agent for the Notes, Indenture Trustee or Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar of its obligations under the Indenture, the Administration Agreement or this Agreement, as applicable.

(g) Without first obtaining an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that such action will not, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, cause the Grantor Trust to be taxable as other than a “grantor trust” for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Grantor Trust shall not, and neither the Grantor Trust nor anyone acting on behalf of the Grantor Trust shall have the power or authority to, cause the Grantor Trust to:

(i) exchange any portion of the Grantor Trust Collateral for other property following the date hereof (other than as set forth in the Transaction Documents, clause (ii) below or cash to be distributed in accordance with Article V or Article IX);

(ii) acquire any other property with, or otherwise reinvest, any distributions, income or proceeds received with respect to the Grantor Trust’s investments, including any proceeds from the sale of any such investment, other than Eligible Investments maturing before the Business Day immediately prior to the Distribution Date related to the then current Collection Period;

(iii) accept any contributions of cash or property following the date hereof, except pursuant to the Transaction Documents or as unanimously directed by or consented to in writing by the Grantor Trust Certificateholder;

(iv) agree to receive, or negotiate for, any financing with which to acquire any investments;

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(v) exercise any rights or otherwise take any action under or with respect to any Receivable, other than its entry into the related Transaction Documents, the exercise of its rights and the performance of its obligations thereunder, and the performance of such ministerial functions with respect to the Receivables as may be expressly contemplated thereunder; or

(vi) otherwise acquire or agree to acquire, by contribution, purchase, exchange, borrowing, or otherwise, any cash or property following the date hereof, other than any proceeds (including proceeds of Receivables permitted to be sold by, or purchased or repurchased from, the Trust for cash as permitted under the Transaction Documents) received with respect to the existing Grantor Trust Collateral (which may only be invested in accordance with clause (ii) above) as of the date hereof.

(vii) Section 4.1(g) is intended to ensure that neither the Trust nor anyone acting on behalf of the Trust has the power to vary the Trust’s investments within the meaning of Treasury Regulations § 301.7701-4(c) and shall be interpreted and applied consistently with such intent.

Section 4.2 Action by Grantor Trust Certificateholder with Respect to Certain Matters. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not have the power, except upon the written direction of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, to remove the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement pursuant to Article V thereof or, except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, sell the Receivables and related Contracts or any interest therein prior to the termination of the Indenture. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall take the actions referred to in the preceding sentence only upon written instruction signed by the Grantor Trust Certificateholder.

Section 4.3 Action by Grantor Trust Certificateholder with Respect to Bankruptcy. Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not have the power to commence a voluntary case under Title 11 of the United States Code or any successor provision relating to the Trust without the prior approval of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder and the delivery to the Grantor Trust Trustee by the Grantor Trust Certificateholder of a certificate certifying that the Grantor Trust Certificateholder reasonably believe that the Trust is insolvent; provided, however, that under no circumstances shall the Grantor Trust Trustee commence or join in commencing any such case prior to the date that is one year and one day after termination of the Trust.

Section 4.4 Restrictions on Grantor Trust Certificateholders Power. The Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not direct the Grantor Trust Trustee to take or refrain from taking any action if such action or inaction would be contrary to any obligation of the Trust or the Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement, including Section 2.3, or any of the other Transaction Documents, nor shall the Grantor Trust Trustee be obligated to follow any such direction, if given. The Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not and shall not direct the Grantor Trust Trustee to take action that would violate the provisions of Section 6.1 and, if given, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be obligated to follow any such direction.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


ARTICLE V

CERTAIN DUTIES

Section 5.1 Accounting and Reports to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Internal Revenue Service and Others; Distributions.

(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall maintain (or cause to be maintained) the books of the Trust on a calendar year basis on the accrual method of accounting, deliver to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, as may be required by the Code and applicable Treasury Regulations or otherwise, such information in the possession or control of the Grantor Trust Trustee as may be required to enable the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to prepare its federal income tax return, file such tax returns relating to the Trust and make such elections as may from time to time be required or appropriate under any applicable State or federal statute or rule or regulation thereunder so as to maintain the Trust’s characterization as an entity described in Section 2.11 for United States federal income tax purposes, cause such tax returns to be signed in the manner required by law and collect or cause to be collected any withholding tax as described in and in accordance with Section 5.3 with respect to income or distributions to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder. The Independent Accountant, at the direction of the Administrator on behalf of the Trust, shall annually cause to be sent to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder a separate statement setting forth the Grantor Trust Certificateholder’s share of items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit and will instruct the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to report such items on its federal income tax return. The Independent Accountant, at the direction of the Administrator on behalf of the Trust, shall prepare or cause to be prepared the returns and information required by Treasury Regulations Section 1.671-5, as well as any other applicable provisions of law, to be provided and filed, as applicable, in the manner prescribed therein.

(b) On or before the Closing Date, the Administrator shall cause the Collection Account to be established pursuant to Section 8.2(a) of the Indenture. All distributions with respect to the Grantor Trust Certificate shall be made to the Collection Account.

Section 5.2 Tax Returns; Other Tax Matters. The Independent Accountant, at the direction of the Administrator on behalf of the Trust, shall prepare, or cause to be prepared, any and all applicable tax returns of the Trust. The Administrator shall sign on behalf of the Trust any and all applicable tax returns of the Trust, unless applicable law requires the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to sign such documents, in which case the Grantor Trust Certificateholder hereby agrees to sign such document and to cooperate fully with the reasonable requests of the Administrator with respect thereto.

Section 5.3 Withholding Tax.

If any withholding tax is imposed on the Trust’s payment (or allocations of income) to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, such tax shall reduce the amount otherwise distributable to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, which amounts shall be provided to the Grantor Trust Paying Agent by the Administrator in writing in accordance with Section 2(b)(i) of the Administration Agreement; provided that the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall not have an obligation to withhold any such amount if and for so long as the Grantor is the sole Grantor Trust Certificateholder. The Grantor Trust Paying Agent is hereby authorized and directed to retain from amounts otherwise

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


distributable to the Grantor Trust Certificateholders sufficient funds for the payment of any tax that is legally payable by the Trust (but such authorization shall not prevent the Grantor Trust Paying Agent from contesting any such tax in appropriate proceedings and withholding payment of such tax, if permitted by law, pending the outcome of such proceedings). The amount of any withholding tax imposed with respect to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall be treated as cash distributed to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder at the time it is withheld by the Trust and remitted to the appropriate taxing authority. If there is a possibility that withholding tax is payable with respect to a distribution (such as a distribution to a non-U.S. Certificateholder), the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Paying Agent, upon notification from the Grantor Trust Trustee that the appropriate tax forms have not been received by the Grantor Trust Trustee, may withhold such amounts in accordance with this Section. If the Grantor Trust Certificateholder wishes to apply for a refund of any such withholding tax, the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall reasonably cooperate with such the Grantor Trust Certificateholder in making such claim so long as the Grantor Trust Certificateholder agrees to reimburse the Grantor Trust Paying Agent for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred.

ARTICLE VI

THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE

Section 6.1 Duties of Grantor Trust Trustee.

(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee undertakes to perform such duties, and only such duties, as are specifically set forth in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including the administration of the Trust in the interest of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, subject to the Transaction Documents and in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. No implied covenants, obligations or duties (including fiduciary duties) or liabilities otherwise existing at law or in equity with respect to the Trust, shall be read into this Agreement. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall have no duty or obligation to perform the duties and obligations of the Trust and shall act only at the written direction of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder and, to the extent expressly provided herein, the Administrator or the Grantor with respect to the duties of the Trust.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be deemed to have discharged its duties and responsibilities hereunder and under the other Transaction Documents to the extent the Administrator has agreed in the Administration Agreement to perform any act or to discharge any duty of the Trust or the Grantor Trust Trustee hereunder or under any other Transaction Document, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be responsible for monitoring or supervising or performing the duties and obligations of the Administrator and shall not be liable for the default or failure of the Administrator to carry out its obligations under the Administration Agreement.

(c) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Grantor Trust Trustee may conclusively rely upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Grantor Trust Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Agreement in determining the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions contained therein; provided, however, that the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have examined such certificates or opinions so as to determine compliance of the same with the requirements of this Agreement.

 

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(d) The Grantor Trust Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own grossly negligent action, its own grossly negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i) this Section 6.1(d) shall not limit the effect of Section 6.1(a) or 6.1(b);

(ii) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved that the Grantor Trust Trustee was grossly negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 4.1, Section 4.2, Section 4.4 or Section 6.4.

(e) Monies received by the Grantor Trust Trustee hereunder need not be segregated in any manner except to the extent required by law and may be deposited under such general conditions as may be prescribed by law. Such funds shall be held (i) in a non-interest bearing trust account and (ii) uninvested and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable for any interest thereon.

(f) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall have no responsibility to record this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, to prepare or file any financing or continuation statement or amendment in any public office at any time or otherwise to perfect or maintain the perfection of any ownership or security interest or lien or to prepare or file any qualification to do business, or securities law filing or report or to monitor or cause the Trust to comply with Regulation RR, to the extent Regulation RR is applicable to the Trust.

(g) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not take any action that (i) is inconsistent with the purposes of the Trust set forth in Section 2.3 or (ii) would, to the actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee, cause the Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes. The Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not direct the Grantor Trust Trustee to take any action or themselves take any action that would violate the provisions of this Section 6.1.

Section 6.2 Rights of Grantor Trust Trustee. The Grantor Trust Trustee is authorized and directed to execute and deliver the Transaction Documents, each certificate or other document attached as an exhibit to or contemplated by the Transaction Documents to which the Trust or the Grantor Trust Trustee is to be a party and any additional agreement, document, letter or undertaking to be entered into in connection with the Transaction Documents or the transactions described therein to which the Trust or the Grantor Trust Trustee is to be a party, each as presented to the Grantor Trust Trustee by the Grantor or its counsel and in such form as the Grantor shall approve as evidenced conclusively by the Grantor Trust Trustee’s execution thereof. The Grantor Trust Trustee is authorized to execute such additional documents and amendments to the Transaction Documents as it shall be directed in writing by the Administrator, the Servicer or the Grantor. In addition to the foregoing, the Grantor Trust Trustee is authorized, but shall not be obligated, to take all actions required of the Trust pursuant to the Transaction Documents. The Grantor Trust Trustee is further authorized from time to time to take such action as the Grantor, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder or the Administrator recommends and directs in writing with respect to the Transaction Documents.

 

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Section 6.3 Acceptance of Trusts and Duties. Except as otherwise provided in this Article VI, in accepting the trusts hereby created, BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware acts solely as Grantor Trust Trustee hereunder and not in its individual capacity and all Persons having any claim against the Grantor Trust Trustee by reason of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall look only to the Grantor Trust Collateral for payment or satisfaction thereof. The Grantor Trust Trustee accepts the trusts hereby created and agrees to perform its duties hereunder with respect to such trusts but only upon the terms of this Agreement. The Grantor Trust Trustee also agrees to disburse all monies actually received by it constituting part of the Grantor Trust Collateral upon the terms of the Transaction Documents. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable or accountable hereunder or under any other Transaction Document under any circumstances, except for its own grossly negligent action, its own grossly negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct or in the case of the inaccuracy of any representation or warranty contained in Section 6.6 and expressly made by the Grantor Trust Trustee. In particular, but not by way of limitation (and subject to the exceptions set forth in the preceding sentence):

(a) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall at no time have any responsibility or liability for, or with respect to, the legality, validity and enforceability of any Receivable, or the perfection and priority of any security interest created by any Receivable in any Financed Vehicle or the maintenance of any such perfection and priority, or for, or with respect to, the sufficiency of the Grantor Trust Collateral or its ability to generate the payments to be distributed to Grantor Trust Certificateholder under this Agreement or to Noteholders under the Indenture, including: the existence, condition and ownership of any Financed Vehicle; the existence and enforceability of any insurance thereon; the existence and contents of any Receivable on any computer or other record thereof; the validity of the assignment of any Receivable to the Trust or of any intervening assignment; the completeness of any Receivable; the performance or enforcement of any Receivable; the compliance by the Grantor or the Servicer with any warranty or representation made under any Transaction Document or in any related document or the accuracy of any such warranty or representation or any action of the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer or any sub-servicer taken in the name of the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(b) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with the instructions of the Grantor, the Administrator or the Grantor Trust Certificateholder;

(c) no provision of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document shall require the Grantor Trust Trustee to expend or risk funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers hereunder or under any other Transaction Document, if the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured or provided to it;

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(d) under no circumstances shall the Grantor Trust Trustee be liable for indebtedness evidenced by or arising under any of the Transaction Documents, including the principal of and interest on the Notes, or for any Trust representation, warranty, covenant or obligation under the Transaction Documents;

(e) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be responsible for or in respect of and makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of any provision of this Agreement other than as explicitly set forth herein or for the due execution hereof by the Grantor or for the form, character, genuineness, sufficiency, value or validity of any of the Grantor Trust Collateral or for, or in respect of, the validity or sufficiency of the Notes, the Grantor Trust Certificate (other than the certificate of authentication on the Grantor Trust Certificate), the other Transaction Documents, any Receivables or any related documents, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall in no event assume or incur any liability, duty or obligation to any Noteholder or to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, other than as expressly provided for herein and in the other Transaction Documents;

(f) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable for the default or misconduct of the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor or the Servicer under any of the Transaction Documents or otherwise and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have no obligation or liability to perform the obligations of the Trust under this Agreement or the Transaction Documents that are required to be performed by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement, the Indenture Trustee under the Indenture, the Grantor under this Agreement or the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement;

(g) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Agreement, or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation under this Agreement or otherwise or in relation to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, at the request, order or direction of any of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, unless the Grantor Trust Certificateholder has offered to the Grantor Trust Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred by the Grantor Trust Trustee therein or thereby. The right of the Grantor Trust Trustee to perform any discretionary act enumerated in this Agreement or in any other Transaction Document shall not be construed as a duty, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be answerable for other than its gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of any such act;

(h) notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and notwithstanding any Person’s right to instruct the Grantor Trust Trustee, neither the Grantor Trust Trustee nor any agent, employee, director or officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have any obligation to execute, deliver or certify on behalf of the Trust or any other Person any filings, certificates, affidavits or other instruments required pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 or the rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, and the refusal to comply with any such instructions shall not constitute a default or breach under any Transaction Document. In the event that the Grantor Trust Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, does not execute, deliver or certify any filings, certificates, affidavits or other instruments required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, an Authorized Officer of the Administrator shall, on behalf of the Trust, execute, deliver or make such certification;

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(i) to the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be personally liable for (x) special, consequential or punitive damages, however styled, including lost profits or (y) the acts or omissions of any nominee, correspondent, clearing agency or securities depository through which it holds the Trust’s securities or assets;

(j) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable or responsible for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, any force majeure event, including but not limited to strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, pandemics or epidemics, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, power outages, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, or other circumstances beyond its control; it being understood that the Grantor Trust Trustee shall use commercially reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as reasonably practicable under the circumstances;

(k) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge or notice of any fact or event unless a Responsible Officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of such fact or event is received by a Responsible Officer and such notice references the fact or event;

(l) notwithstanding anything contained herein or in any of the Transaction Documents to the contrary, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be required to take any action in any jurisdiction other than in the State of Delaware if the taking of such action will (i) require the consent or approval or authorization or order of or the giving of notice to, or the registration with, licensing by or taking of any action in respect of, any state or other governmental authority or agency of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware; (ii) result in any fee, tax or other governmental charge under the laws of any jurisdiction or any political subdivisions thereof in existence on the date hereof other than the State of Delaware becoming payable by the Grantor Trust Trustee or (iii) subject the Grantor Trust Trustee to personal jurisdiction in any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware for causes of action arising from acts unrelated to the consummation of the transactions by the Grantor Trust Trustee contemplated hereby. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall be entitled to obtain advice of counsel (the reasonable fees and expenses of which shall be reimbursable by the Trust pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture) to determine whether any action required to be taken pursuant to this Agreement results in the consequences described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of the preceding sentence. In the event that said counsel advises the Grantor Trust Trustee that such action will result in such consequences, the Grantor Trust Trustee may, or if instructed to do so by the Administrator, shall appoint an additional trustee pursuant to Section 6.12 to proceed with such action;

(m) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be required to provide, on its own behalf, any surety bond or other kind of security in connection with the execution of any of its trusts or powers under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or the performance of its duties hereunder;

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


(n) each of the parties hereto hereby agrees and, as evidenced by its acceptance of any benefits hereunder, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder agrees that the Grantor Trust Trustee in any capacity (x) has not provided and will not provide in the future, any advice, counsel or opinion regarding the tax, regulatory, financial, investment, securities law or insurance implications and consequences of the formation, funding and ongoing administration of the Trust, including income, gift and estate tax issues, insurable interest issues, risk retention issues, doing business or other licensing matters and the initial and ongoing selection and monitoring of financing arrangements, (y) has not made any investigation as to the accuracy of any representations, warranties or other obligations of the Trust under the Transaction Documents and shall have no liability in connection therewith and (z) the Grantor Trust Trustee has not prepared or verified, and shall not be responsible or liable for, any information, disclosure or other statement in any disclosure or offering document or in any other document issued or delivered in connection with the issuance, sale or transfer of the Certificates or the Notes;

(o) it shall be the Administrator’s duty and responsibility, and not the Grantor Trust Trustee’s duty and responsibility, to cause the Trust to respond to, defend, participate in or otherwise act in connection with any regulatory, administrative, governmental, investigative or other proceeding or inquiry relating in any way to the Trust, its assets or the conduct of its business;

(p) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not have any obligation or duty to supervise or monitor the performance of any other Person and shall have no liability for the failure of any other Person to perform its obligations or duties under the Transaction Documents or otherwise;

(q) neither the Grantor nor the Administrator shall, without the written consent of the Grantor Trust Trustee, knowingly take or cause the Trust to take any action which in any way adversely affects or could reasonably be expected to adversely affect the Grantor Trust Trustee or any of its rights, duties or protections under this Agreement; and

(r) to help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, the Customer Identification Program (CIP) requirements established under the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, Title III of Pub. L. 107 56 (signed into law October 26, 2001) and its implementing regulations (collectively, USA PATRIOT Act), the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network’s (FinCEN) Customer Due Diligence Requirements and such other laws, rules, regulations and executive orders in effect from time to time applicable to banking institutions (collectively, the “Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law”), requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. Accordingly, in order to comply with the Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law, the Grantor Trust Trustee is required to obtain on or before the Closing Date and from time to time thereafter documentation to verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account. For a non-individual person such as a business entity, a charity, a trust or other legal entity, the Grantor Trust Trustee will ask for documentation to verify its formation and existence as a legal entity, financial statements, licenses, tax identification documents, and identification and authorization documents from individuals claiming authority to represent the entity and other relevant documentation and information (including beneficial owners of such entities). The Grantor Trust Trustee may, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, including the Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law, conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected and indemnified in relying on, any information received, and failure to provide such information may result in an inability of the Grantor Trust Trustee to perform its obligations hereunder which, at

 

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the sole option of the Grantor Trust Trustee, may result in the immediate resignation of the Owner Trustee, subject to Section 6.10, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that solely for purposes of the Applicable Anti-Money Laundering Law, (a) the Grantor is and shall be deemed to be the sole beneficial owner of the Trust, and (b) the Grantor is and shall deemed to be the party with the power and authority to control the Trust.

Section 6.4 Action upon Instruction by Certificateholders.

(a) Subject to Section 4.4, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder may by written instruction direct the Grantor Trust Trustee in the management of the Trust. Such direction may be exercised at any time by written instruction of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder pursuant to Section 4.5. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be required to take any discretionary action to investigate or review any matter without direction from the Grantor Trust Certificateholder. Further, with respect to provisions hereunder that provide for instruction by the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, if the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have notified the Grantor Trust Certificateholder in writing of a proposed action and within 15 Business Days of such notice (or within such shorter time as may be required under the circumstances and noted in the request for instruction) the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall have not notified the Grantor Trust Trustee in writing that the Grantor Trust Certificateholder has withheld consent or provided alternative instruction, the Grantor Trust Trustee, in the place of Grantor Trust Certificateholder instruction hereunder, may accept and rely on written instruction of the Administrator. If subsequently the Grantor Trust Trustee receives alternative written instruction from the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, such subsequent instruction shall control unless the Grantor Trust Trustee has already acted at the instruction of the Administrator with respect to such matter.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be required to take or refrain from taking any action hereunder or under any other Transaction Document if the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have reasonably determined, or shall have been advised by counsel, that such action is likely to result in liability on the part of the Grantor Trust Trustee or is contrary to the terms hereof or of any other Transaction Document or is otherwise contrary to law.

(c) Whenever the Grantor Trust Trustee is unable to decide between alternative courses of action permitted or required by the terms of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, or is unsure as to the application, intent, interpretation or meaning of any provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall promptly give notice (in such form as shall be appropriate under the circumstances) to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder requesting instruction as to the course of action to be adopted, and, to the extent the Grantor Trust Trustee acts in good faith in accordance with any such instruction received, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable on account of such action to any Person. If the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not have received appropriate instructions within ten (10) days of such notice (or within such shorter period of time as reasonably may be specified in such notice or may be necessary under the circumstances) it may, but shall be under no duty to, take or refrain from taking such action which is consistent, in its view, with this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, and as it shall deem to be in the best interests of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have no liability to any Person for any such action or inaction.

 

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Section 6.5 Furnishing of Documents. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall furnish to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, promptly upon receipt of a written request therefor, duplicates or copies of all reports, notices, requests, demands, certificates, financial statements and any other instruments furnished to the Grantor Trust Trustee under the Transaction Documents.

Section 6.6 Representations and Warranties of Grantor Trust Trustee. The Grantor Trust Trustee hereby represents and warrants to the Grantor, for the benefit of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, that:

(a) It is a banking corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of Delaware. It has satisfied the eligibility requirements set forth in Section 6.13.

(b) It has full power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform this Agreement, and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement.

(c) The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement (i) does not violate any provision of any law or regulation of the State of Delaware or the United States of America governing the banking and trust powers of the Grantor Trust Trustee or any order, writ, judgment or decree of any court, arbitrator or governmental authority applicable to the Grantor Trust Trustee or any of its assets, (ii) does not violate any provision of the corporate charter or by-laws of the Grantor Trust Trustee or (iii) does not violate any provision of, or constitute, with or without notice or lapse of time, a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any properties included in the Trust pursuant to the provisions of any mortgage, indenture, contract, agreement or other undertaking to which it is a party, which violation, default or Lien could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Grantor Trust Trustee’s performance or ability to perform its duties as Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement or on the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.

(d) This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Grantor Trust Trustee and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Grantor, constitutes the legal, valid and binding agreement of the Grantor Trust Trustee, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights in general and by general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law.

Section 6.7 Reliance; Advice of Counsel.

(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall incur no liability to anyone in acting upon any signature, instrument, notice, resolution, request, consent, order, certificate, report, opinion, bond or other document or paper believed by it to be genuine and believed by it to be signed by the proper party or parties. The Grantor Trust Trustee may accept a certified copy of a resolution of the board of directors or other governing body of any corporate party as conclusive evidence that such resolution has been duly adopted by such body and that the same is in full force and effect. As to any fact or matter the method of the determination of which is not specifically

 

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prescribed herein, the Grantor Trust Trustee may for all purposes hereof rely on a certificate, signed by the president or any vice president or by the treasurer or other authorized officers of the relevant party, as to such fact or matter, and such certificate shall constitute full protection to the Grantor Trust Trustee for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in reliance thereon.

(b) In the exercise or administration of the trusts hereunder and in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Grantor Trust Trustee may act directly or through its agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees pursuant to agreements entered into with any of them, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable for the conduct or misconduct of such agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees if such agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees shall have been selected by the Grantor Trust Trustee in good faith and without gross negligence; and may consult with counsel, accountants and other skilled professionals to be selected in good faith and without gross negligence and employed by it. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be liable for anything done, suffered or omitted in good faith by it in accordance with the opinion or advice of any such counsel, accountants or other such Persons and not contrary to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.

Section 6.8 Grantor Trust Trustee May Own Notes. BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware or any successor Grantor Trust Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Notes and may deal with the Grantor, the Indenture Trustee, the Administrator and the Servicer in transactions in the same manner as it would have if it were not the Grantor Trust Trustee.

Section 6.9 Compensation and Indemnity.

(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall receive as compensation for its services hereunder (i) on the date of execution of this Agreement, an initial fee and an annual fee for its services to be provided, and (ii) such fees as have been separately agreed upon before the date hereof by the Grantor Trust Trustee, and the Grantor Trust Trustee, any paying agent, registrar, authenticating agent or co-trustee shall be entitled to be reimbursed for its other reasonable expenses hereunder, including the reasonable compensation, expenses and disbursements of such agents, custodians, nominees, representatives, experts and external counsel as the Grantor Trust Trustee may employ in connection with the exercise and performance of its rights and its duties hereunder as specified in Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

(b) The Trust shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Grantor Trust Trustee (in its individual and trustee capacities), any paying agent, registrar, authenticating agent or co-trustee and its successors, assigns, agents and servants from and against all costs, expenses, losses, claims, actions, suits, damages and liabilities including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses of external counsel, in connection with the successful enforcement of their indemnification rights hereunder, of any kind and nature whatsoever arising out of or incurred in connection with (i) the Grantor Trust Trustee’s performance of its duties under the Indenture or any other Transaction Document, or (ii) the acceptance, administration or performance by, or action or inaction of, the Grantor Trust Trustee of the trusts and duties contained in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including the administration of the Grantor Trust Collateral, except in each case to the extent that such cost, expense, loss, claim, damage or liability (A) is due to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence (except for errors in judgment) of the Person indemnified, or (B) arises from the Grantor Trust Trustee’s breach of any of its representations or warranties set forth in Section 6.6.

 

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(c) The Administrator shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Grantor Trust Trustee (in its individual and trustee capacities), any paying agent, registrar, authenticating agent or co-trustee and its successors, assigns, agents and servants from and against all costs, expenses, losses, claims, actions, suits, damages and liabilities including reasonable and documented legal fees and expenses of external counsel, in connection with the successful enforcement of their indemnification rights hereunder, of any kind and nature whatsoever arising out of or incurred in connection with (i) the Administrator’s performance of its duties under this Agreement or the Administration Agreement; or (ii) the failure by the Administrator to comply with any term, provision or covenant contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, except in each case to the extent that such cost, expense, loss, claim, action, suit, damage or liability (A) is due to the willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence (except for errors in judgment) of the Person indemnified, or (B) arises from the breach of any of the representations or warranties set forth in Section 6.6.

The indemnities contained in this Section 6.9 shall survive the resignation or removal of the Grantor Trust Trustee or the termination of this Agreement. To the extent that the Trust or the Administrator fails to pay any amounts due and owing to the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.9, such amounts shall be payable pursuant to Section 2.7 of the Indenture. Any amounts paid to the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall be deemed not to be a part of the Grantor Trust Collateral immediately after such payment.

Section 6.10 Replacement of Grantor Trust Trustee.

(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee may give notice of its intent to resign and be discharged from the trusts hereby created by giving notice thereof to the Grantor, the Administrator and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder; provided that no such resignation shall become effective, and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not resign, prior to the time set forth in Section 6.10(c). If no successor Grantor Trust Trustee shall have been appointed pursuant to Section 6.10(b) and have accepted such appointment within thirty (30) days after the giving of such notice, the Grantor Trust Trustee giving such notice may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Grantor Trust Trustee. The Grantor or the Administrator shall remove the Grantor Trust Trustee if:

(i) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.13 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Administrator;

(ii) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be adjudged bankrupt or insolvent;

(iii) a receiver or other public officer shall be appointed or take charge or control of the Grantor Trust Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; or

 

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(iv) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall otherwise be incapable of acting.

(b) If the Grantor Trust Trustee gives notice of its intent to resign or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Grantor Trust Trustee for any reason, the Administrator shall promptly appoint a successor Grantor Trust Trustee by written instrument, in duplicate (one copy of which instrument shall be delivered to the outgoing Grantor Trust Trustee so removed and one copy to the successor Grantor Trust Trustee) and shall pay all fees, expenses and indemnities owed to the outgoing Grantor Trust Trustee.

(c) Any resignation or removal of the Grantor Trust Trustee and appointment of a successor Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to any of the provisions of this Section 6.10 shall not become effective, and no such resignation shall be deemed to have occurred, until a written acceptance of appointment is delivered by the successor Grantor Trust Trustee to the outgoing Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor, the Administrator and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder and all fees, expenses and indemnities due to the outgoing Grantor Trust Trustee are paid. Costs associated with the resignation or removal of the Grantor Trust Trustee and the appointment of a successor Grantor Trust Trustee will be borne by the Grantor. Any successor Grantor Trust Trustee appointed pursuant to this Section 6.10 shall be eligible to act in such capacity in accordance with Section 6.13 and, following compliance with the preceding sentence, shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor under this Agreement, with like effect as if originally named as Grantor Trust Trustee. The Administrator shall provide notice of such resignation or removal of the Grantor Trust Trustee to each of the Rating Agencies.

(d) The predecessor Grantor Trust Trustee shall upon payment of its fees, expenses and indemnity deliver to the successor Grantor Trust Trustee all documents and statements and monies held by it under this Agreement. The Administrator and the predecessor Grantor Trust Trustee shall execute and deliver such instruments and do such other things as may reasonably be required for fully and certainly vesting and confirming in the successor Grantor Trust Trustee all such rights, powers, duties and obligations.

(e) Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.10, the Administrator shall mail notice of the successor of such Grantor Trust Trustee to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Indenture Trustee, the Noteholders and the Rating Agencies. Any successor Grantor Trust Trustee appointed hereunder shall file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust.

Section 6.11 Merger or Consolidation of Grantor Trust Trustee. Any Person into which the Grantor Trust Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Grantor Trust Trustee, shall be the successor of the Grantor Trust Trustee hereunder, provided such Person shall be eligible pursuant to Section 6.13, and without the execution or filing of any instrument or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto; provided, further, that the Grantor Trust Trustee shall mail notice of such merger or consolidation to the Grantor, who promptly shall notify the Rating Agencies. In connection therewith, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall file an amendment to the Certificate of Trust if required by the Statutory Trust Act.

 

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Section 6.12 Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee.

(a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, at any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirement of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Grantor Trust Collateral or any Financed Vehicle may at the time be located, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Administrator and the Grantor Trust Trustee acting jointly shall have the power and shall execute and deliver all instruments to appoint one or more Persons approved by the Grantor Trust Trustee to act as co-trustee, jointly with the Grantor Trust Trustee, or as separate trustee or trustees, of all or any part of the Grantor Trust Collateral, and to vest in such Person (in the name of the Trust and not in such Person’s name for the Trust, except to the extent otherwise required by, and in accordance with, Section 2.8), in such capacity, such title to the Grantor Trust Collateral, or any part thereof, and, subject to the other provisions of this Section 6.12, such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Administrator and the Grantor Trust Trustee may consider necessary or desirable. If neither the Administrator nor the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall have joined in such appointment within fifteen (15) days after the receipt by it of a request so to do, the Grantor Trust Trustee alone shall have the power to make such appointment. No co-trustee or separate trustee under this Agreement shall be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor trustee pursuant to Section 6.13 and no notice of the appointment of any co-trustee or separate trustee shall be required pursuant to Section 6.10.

(b) Each separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent permitted by law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and conditions:

(i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be conferred upon and exercised or performed by the Grantor Trust Trustee and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Grantor Trust Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title to the Grantor Trust Collateral or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(ii) no trustee under this Agreement shall be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other trustee under this Agreement; and

(iii) the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, Administrator and the Grantor Trust Trustee acting jointly may at any time accept the resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.

(c) Any notice, request or other writing given to the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then separate trustees and co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Agreement and the conditions of this Article. Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Grantor Trust Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to all the provisions of this Agreement, specifically including every provision of this Agreement relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Grantor Trust Trustee. Each such instrument shall be filed with the Grantor Trust Trustee and a copy thereof given to the Administrator.

 

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(d) Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time appoint the Grantor Trust Trustee as its agent or attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Agreement on its behalf and in its name. If any separate trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall vest in and be exercised by the Grantor Trust Trustee, to the extent permitted by law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.

Section 6.13 Eligibility Requirements for Grantor Trust Trustee. The Grantor Trust Trustee shall at all times: (a) be a corporation or other entity satisfying the provisions of Section 3807(a) of the Statutory Trust Act; (b) be authorized to exercise corporate trust powers; (c) have (or have a parent which has) a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and be subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authorities; and (d) have (or have a parent which has) a long-term unsecured debt rating in any generic rating category which signifies investment grade by each Rating Agency or a rating otherwise acceptable to each Rating Agency. If such corporation shall publish reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority, then for the purpose of this Section 6.13, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Grantor Trust Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.13, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in Section 6.10.

ARTICLE VII

TERMINATION OF TRUST AGREEMENT

Section 7.1 Termination of Trust Agreement.

(a) The Trust shall dissolve and wind-up in accordance with Section 3808 of the Statutory Trust Act immediately prior to the final distribution by the Grantor Trust Paying Agent of all monies or other property or proceeds of the Grantor Trust Collateral in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, the Servicing Agreement (including the exercise by the Servicer of its option to purchase the Receivables pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement) and Article V. The bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution, death or incapacity of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not (x) operate to terminate this Agreement or the Trust, (y) entitle the Grantor Trust Certificateholder’s legal representatives or heirs to claim an accounting or to take any action or proceeding in any court for a partition or winding up of all or any part of the Trust or the Grantor Trust Collateral or (z) otherwise affect the rights, obligations and liabilities of the parties hereto.

(b) Neither the Grantor nor the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall be entitled to revoke or terminate the Trust or this Agreement.

 

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(c) Notice of any dissolution of the Trust, specifying the Distribution Date upon which the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall surrender its Grantor Trust Certificate to the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar for payment of the final distribution and cancellation, shall be given by the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar by letter to Grantor Trust Certificateholder mailed within five (5) Business Days of receipt of notice of Optional Purchase from the Servicer given pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Servicing Agreement, in either case, stating: (i) the Distribution Date upon or with respect to which final payment of the Grantor Trust Certificate shall be made upon presentation and surrender of the Grantor Trust Certificate at the office of the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar therein designated; (ii) the amount of any such final payment; and (iii) that the Record Date otherwise applicable to such Distribution Date is not applicable, payments being made only upon presentation and surrender of the Grantor Trust Certificate at the office of the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar therein specified. The Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall give notice to the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Paying Agent at the time such notice is given to Grantor Trust Certificateholder. Upon presentation and surrender of the Grantor Trust Certificate, the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall cause to be distributed to Grantor Trust Certificateholder amounts distributable on such Distribution Date.

(d) If the Grantor Trust Certificateholder will not surrender its Grantor Trust Certificate for cancellation within six (6) months after the date specified in the written notice referred to in Section 7.1(c), the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar shall give a second written notice to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to surrender its Grantor Trust Certificate for cancellation and receive the final distribution with respect thereto. If within one (1) year after the second notice the Grantor Trust Certificate shall not have been surrendered for cancellation, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar may take appropriate steps, or may appoint an agent to take appropriate steps, to contact the Grantor Trust Certificateholder concerning surrender of their Grantor Trust Certificate, and the cost thereof shall be paid out of the funds and other assets that shall remain subject to this Agreement. Subject to applicable laws with respect to escheat of funds, any funds remaining in the Trust after exhaustion of such remedies in the preceding sentence shall be deemed property of the last Grantor Trust Certificateholder of record and distributed by the Grantor Trust Paying Agent to the last Grantor Trust Certificateholder of record, and none of the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar or the Grantor Trust Paying Agent shall have no further liability to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder with respect thereto.

(e) Upon the winding up and termination of the Trust in accordance with Section 3808 of the Statutory Trust Act and this Section 7.1 at the written direction and expense of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall cause the Certificate of Trust to be canceled by filing a certificate of cancellation with the Secretary of State in accordance with the provisions of Section 3810 of the Statutory Trust Act. Thereupon, this Agreement (other than Sections 6.9, 9.8 and 9.9) and the Trust shall terminate.

ARTICLE VIII

AMENDMENTS

Section 8.1 Amendments Without Consent of Noteholders. This Agreement may be amended by the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Trustee without the consent of any of the Noteholders (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other

 

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Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Grantor or the Grantor Trust Trustee, (iv) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the appointment of a successor trustee with respect to the Grantor Trust Collateral and add to or change any provisions as shall be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one trustee pursuant to Article VI, (v) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or (vi) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Owner Trustee notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

Section 8.2 Amendments With Consent of Noteholders and Grantor Trust Certificateholder.

(a) This Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Trustee with the consent of Certificateholders to add or supplement any credit enhancement for the benefit of the Noteholders of any class (provided that if any such addition shall affect any class of Noteholders differently from any other class of Noteholders, then such addition shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any class of Noteholders).

(b) This Agreement may be amended from time to time by the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Trustee with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date and, if any Person other than the Grantor or an Affiliate of the Grantor holds the Grantor Trust Certificate, the consent of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 8.2 or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Notes or the Grantor Trust Certificate and of any Notes or the Grantor Trust Certificate issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon any Notes or the Grantor Trust Certificate) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Grantor Trust Certificateholder; provided, however, that no such amendment shall (a) without the consent of the holder of the affected Note or the Grantor Trust Certificate, as applicable, increase or reduce the interest rate or principal amount of any Note or change the Final Scheduled Distribution Date of any Note or distributions on the Grantor Trust Certificate, (b) increase or reduce the amount of the required Specified Reserve Account Balance or the Specified Class N Reserve Account Balance without the consent of all of the Noteholders or Grantor Trust Certificateholder then outstanding or (c) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment in the holders of all notes or certificates, without the consent of the holders of all Notes and the Grantor Trust Certificate then outstanding, as the case may be.

(c) Prior to the execution of any amendment, the Grantor shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Grantor shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

 

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Section 8.3 Form of Amendments.

(a) Promptly after the execution of any amendment, supplement or consent pursuant to Section 8.1 or Section 8.2, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall furnish written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Unaffiliated Grantor Trust Certificateholder and the Indenture Trustee.

(b) It shall not be necessary for the consent of Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Noteholders or the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to Section 8.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof shall be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Grantor Trust Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

(c) Promptly after the execution of any amendment to the Certificate of Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, at the expense of the Trust to the extent such amendments do not relate to a change in name or address of Grantor Trust Trustee, shall cause the filing of such amendment with the Secretary of State.

(d) Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement or the Certificate of Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be entitled to receive and conclusively rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and an Officer’s Certificate of the Administrator stating that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. The Grantor Trust Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment which affects the Grantor Trust Trustee’s own rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement or otherwise.

(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

ARTICLE IX

MISCELLANEOUS

Section 9.1 No Legal Title to Grantor Trust Collateral. The Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not have legal title to any part of the Grantor Trust Collateral. The Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall be entitled to receive distributions with respect to their undivided beneficial ownership interest therein only in accordance with Articles V and VII. No transfer, by operation of law or otherwise, of any right, title, and interest of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to and in their undivided beneficial ownership interest in the Grantor Trust Collateral shall operate to terminate this Agreement or the trusts hereunder or entitle any transferee to an accounting or to the transfer to it of legal title to any part of the Grantor Trust Collateral.

 

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Section 9.2 Limitations on Rights of Others. The provisions of this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, the Administrator and, to the extent expressly provided herein, the Indenture Trustee and the Noteholders, and nothing in this Agreement, whether express or implied, shall be construed to give to any other Person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim in the Grantor Trust Collateral or under or in respect of this Agreement or any covenants, conditions or provisions contained herein.

Section 9.3 Derivative Actions. Any provision contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the right of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to bring a derivative action in the right of the Trust is hereby made expressly subject to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder satisfying all requirements set forth in the Statutory Trust Act.

Section 9.4 Notices. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Grantor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Rating Agencies under this Agreement shall be delivered as specified in Section 11.4 of the Indenture.

Section 9.5 Severability. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall be for any reason whatsoever held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions of this Agreement or of the Grantor Trust Certificate or the rights of the Holder thereof.

Section 9.6 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts (including by way of electronic or facsimile transmission), each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings; provided, however, that any documentation with respect to transfer of the Grantor Trust Certificate or other securities presented to the Indenture Trustee or any transfer agent must contain original documents with manually executed signatures.

 

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Section 9.7 Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements contained herein shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the Grantor, the Administrator, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder and their respective successors and permitted assigns, all as herein provided. Any request, notice, direction, consent, waiver or other instrument or action by the Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall bind the successors and assigns of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder.

Section 9.8 No Petition. To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Grantor Trust Trustee by entering into this Agreement and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder, by accepting the Grantor Trust Certificate issued hereunder, hereby covenant and agree that they shall not (nor shall they join with or solicit another person to), prior to the day that is one year and one day after the termination of the Trust and of each other trust heretofore formed by the Grantor, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Grantor or the Trust to invoke in any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Grantor or the Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Grantor or the Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Grantor or the Trust under a federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding; provided that nothing contained herein shall prevent the Grantor Trust Trustee from filing a proof of claim in any such proceeding.

Section 9.9 No Recourse. The Grantor Trust Certificateholder by accepting a Grantor Trust Certificate acknowledges that such Person’s Grantor Trust Certificate represents the entire undivided beneficial interest in the Trust only and does not represent interests in or obligations of the Grantor, the Servicer, the Administrator, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or any Affiliate thereof and no recourse, either directly or indirectly, may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated in this Agreement, the Grantor Trust Certificate or the other Transaction Documents. Except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, none of the Grantor, the Servicer or the Grantor Trust Trustee in their respective individual capacities, or any of their respective partners, beneficiaries, agents, officers, directors, employees or successors or assigns, shall be personally liable for, nor shall recourse be had to any of them for, the distribution of any amount with respect to the Grantor Trust Certificate or the Trust’s performance of, or omission to perform, any obligations or indemnifications contained in the Grantor Trust Certificate, this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, it being expressly understood that the Grantor Trust Certificateholder obligations have been made solely by the Trust. Each Grantor Trust Certificateholder by the acceptance of a Grantor Trust Certificate agrees that except as expressly provided in the Transaction Documents, in the event of nonpayment of any amounts with respect to the Grantor Trust Certificate, it shall have no claim against any of the foregoing Persons for any deficiency, loss or claim therefrom. In the event that any of the foregoing covenants of the Grantor Trust Certificateholder is prohibited by, or declared illegal or otherwise unenforceable against any the Grantor Trust Certificateholder under applicable law by any court or other authority of competent jurisdiction, and, as a result, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder is deemed to have an interest in any assets of the Grantor or any Affiliate of the Grantor other than the Trust, the Grantor Trust Certificateholder agrees that (i) its claim against any such other assets shall be, and hereby is, subject and subordinate in all respects to the rights of other Persons to whom rights in the other assets have been expressly granted, including to the payment in full of all amounts owing to such entitled Persons, and (ii) the covenant set forth in the preceding clause (i) constitutes a “subordination agreement” within the meaning of, and subject to, Section 510(a) of the Bankruptcy Code.

 

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Section 9.10 Headings(a) . The headings of the various Articles and Sections herein are for convenience of reference only and shall not define or limit any of the terms or provisions hereof.

Section 9.11 Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial. (a) THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS THEREOF OR OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

(b) THE PARTIES HERETO AND THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVE, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

Section 9.12 Effect of Amendment and Restatement. It is the intent of the parties hereto that this Agreement shall, as of the date hereof, replace in its entirety the Original Grantor Trust Agreement; provided, however, that with respect to the period of time from August 10, 2021 through the date hereof, the rights and obligations of the parties shall be governed by the Original Grantor Trust Agreement; and provided further, that the amendment and restatement of the Original Grantor Trust Agreement shall not affect any of the grants, conveyances or transfers contemplated by the Original Grantor Trust Agreement to have occurred prior to the date hereof.

Section 9.13 Information to be Provided by the Grantor Trust Trustee.

(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee agrees to cooperate in good faith with any reasonable request by the Grantor for information regarding the Grantor Trust Trustee which is required in order to enable the Grantor to comply with the provisions of Items 1104(e), 1117, 1119 and 1121(c) of Regulation AB and Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act as it relates to the Grantor Trust Trustee or to the Grantor Trust Trustee’s obligations under this Agreement; provided that with respect to Rule 15Ga-1, and Items 1121(c) and 1104(e) of Regulation AB, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be deemed a “securitizer” under Regulation AB or under the Exchange Act.

(b) Except to the extent disclosed by the Grantor Trust Trustee in subsection (c) or (d) below, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall be deemed to have represented to the Depositor on the first day of each Collection Period with respect to the prior Collection Period that to the best of its knowledge there were no legal or governmental proceedings pending (or known to be contemplated) against BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware or any property of BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware that would be material to any Noteholder or, to the extent that the Certificates are registered under the Securities Act for public sale, any holder of such Certificates.

(c) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall, as promptly as practicable following notice to or discovery by the Grantor Trust Trustee of any changes to any information regarding the Grantor Trust Trustee as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

 

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(d) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall deliver to the Depositor on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 1, 2023, a written notice from a representative of the Grantor Trust Trustee with respect to the immediately preceding calendar year certifying, on behalf of the Grantor Trust Trustee, that except to the extent otherwise disclosed in writing to Depositor, to the best of his or her knowledge there were no legal or governmental proceedings pending (or known to be contemplated) against BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware or any property of BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware that would be material to any Noteholder or, to the extent that the Certificates are registered under the Securities Act for public sale, any holder of such Certificates.

(e) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall deliver to the Depositor on or before March 1 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 1, 2023, a report of a representative of the Grantor Trust Trustee with respect to the immediately preceding calendar year providing to the Depositor such information regarding the Grantor Trust Trustee as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1119 of Regulation AB; provided, however, (i) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be required to provide such information, but will notify the Depositor in writing, to the extent that there has been no change to the information previously provided by the Grantor Trust Trustee to the Depositor, and (ii) the Grantor Trust Trustee shall promptly provide notice to the Depositor following notice to or discovery by a Responsible Officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee of any changes to such information, provided to the Depositor, in writing, such information. Such information shall include, at a minimum, a description of any affiliation between the Grantor Trust Trustee and any of the following parties to this securitization transaction, as such parties are identified to the Grantor Trust Trustee by the Depositor in writing in advance of this securitization transaction:

(i) the Depositor;

(ii) Carvana, LLC, as sponsor;

(iii) the Grantor Trust;

(iv) the Servicer;

(v) the Backup Servicer;

(vi) the Owner Trustee;

(vii) the Issuing Entity;

(viii) the Indenture Trustee;

(ix) the Asset Representations Reviewer;

(x) the Collateral Custodian; and

(xi) any other material transaction party.

 

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(f) In connection with the parties listed in clauses (i) through (xi) above, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall include a description of whether there is, and if so, the general character of, any business relationship, agreement, arrangement, transaction or understanding that is entered into outside the ordinary course of business or is on terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated third party, apart from this securitization transaction, that currently exists or that existed during the past two years and that is material to an investor’s understanding of the asset backed securities issued in this securitization transaction.

(g) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall provide the Grantor with notification, as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days, of all demands delivered to a Responsible Officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee for the repurchase or replacement of any Receivable pursuant to any Transaction Document. Subject to this Section 9.13, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have no obligation to take any other action with respect to any demand. In no event shall the Grantor Trust Trustee have (i) any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB or (ii) any duty or obligation to undertake any investigation or inquiry related to repurchase activity or otherwise to assume any additional duties or responsibilities except as expressly set forth in this Section 9.13.

Section 9.14 Owner Trustee. It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties to this Agreement that (i) this Agreement is executed and delivered by the Grantor by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”) not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee on behalf of the Grantor (the “Owner Trustee”) created by the Amended and Restated Trust Agreement dated as of the date hereof, between the Owner Trustee and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, as depositor, as amended, modified, or restated from time to time (the “Trust Agreement”) in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred upon and vested in it, and as directed in the Trust Agreement, (ii) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made by the Grantor in this Agreement is made and intended not as the personal representation or undertaking or agreement of BNY Delaware but solely in its capacity as Owner Trustee under the Trust Agreement and intended for purposes of binding only the Grantor, (iii) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on the part of BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant or obligation under this Agreement, either express or implied, contain herein, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (iv) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Grantor or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Grantor (pursuant to direction to the Owner Trustee under the Trust Agreement) under this Agreement and any other agreement related hereto, (v) BNY Delaware has not verified and has conducted no investigation with respect to the accuracy or completeness of any representation, warranty or covenant of the Grantor and (vi) BNY Delaware shall be entitled to all of the protections, exculpations, limitations on liability, immunities and rights (including resignation rights) hereunder as are extended to the Owner Trustee under the Trust Agreement (and all such provisions shall be deemed incorporated herein by reference).

 

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Section 9.15 Electronic Means.(a) The Grantor Trust Trustee shall accept and act upon instructions, including funds transfer instructions (“Instructions”) given pursuant to, and in accordance with, this Trust Agreement and related Transaction Documents and delivered to the Grantor Trust Trustee from an Authorized Officer of the instructing Party using Electronic Means; provided, however, that any instructing Party shall provide to the Grantor Trust Trustee an incumbency certificate listing Authorized Officers with the authority to provide such Instructions and containing specimen signatures of such Authorized Officers, which incumbency certificate may be updated by the instructing Party from time to time. The instructing Party understands and agrees that the Grantor Trust Trustee cannot determine the identity of the actual sender of such Instructions and that the Grantor Trust Trustee shall conclusively presume that directions that purport to have been sent by an Authorized Officer listed on the incumbency certificate provided to the Grantor Trust Trustee have been sent by such Authorized Officer. For the avoidance of doubt, the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not be obligated to accept and act upon any instructions delivered to the Grantor Trust Trustee using Electronic Means from any Person other than an Authorized Officer of the instructing Party.

*     *     *     *     *

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers, hereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

 

BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
as Grantor Trust Trustee and Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar and Grantor Trust Paying Agent
By:  

                     

Name:
Title:
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,
as Grantor
BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity, but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

Acknowledged, Accepted and Agreed To By:

 

CARVANA, LLC,

as Administrator and Sponsor

By:  

                     

Name:
Title:

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


Acknowledged, Accepted and Agreed To Section 3.3 By:

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Indenture Trustee

By:  

                     

Name:
Title:

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Grantor Trust Agreement


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF CERTIFICATE

 

NO. R-1    100% PERCENTAGE INTEREST

SEE REVERSE FOR CERTAIN DEFINITIONS

THIS CERTIFICATE HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES OR BLUE SKY LAWS OF ANY STATE IN THE UNITED STATES OR ANY FOREIGN SECURITIES LAWS. BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THIS CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) THE HOLDER OF THIS CERTIFICATE (OR SUCH INTEREST) IF, OTHER THAN THE GRANTOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE GRANTOR, IS DEEMED TO REPRESENT TO THE GRANTOR, THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, AND THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE THAT IT IS A “QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYER” AS DEFINED IN RULE 144A UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND IS ACQUIRING THIS CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) FOR ITS OWN ACCOUNT (AND NOT FOR THE ACCOUNT OF OTHERS) OR AS A FIDUCIARY OR AGENT FOR OTHERS (WHICH OTHERS ALSO ARE QUALIFIED INSTITUTIONAL BUYERS).

THIS CERTIFICATE (OR AN INTEREST HEREIN) MAY NOT BE ACQUIRED WITH THE ASSETS OF OR HELD BY OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF (1) AN “EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN,” AS DEFINED IN SECTION 3(3) OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), THAT IS SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF TITLE I OF ERISA, (2) A “PLAN” AS DEFINED IN AND SUBJECT TO SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), OR (3) ANY ENTITY OR ACCOUNT WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE PLAN ASSETS BY REASON OF INVESTMENT BY AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN OR PLAN IN SUCH ENTITY OR ACCOUNT (EACH, A “BENEFIT PLAN INVESTOR”) OTHER THAN AN “INSURANCE COMPANY GENERAL ACCOUNT,” AS DEFINED IN PROHIBITED TRANSACTION CLASS EXEMPTION 95-60 (“PTCE 95-60”), WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE LESS THAN 25% “PLAN ASSETS” OF BENEFIT PLAN INVESTORS, WHO IS NOT AND IS NOT AN AFFILIATE OF A PERSON THAT HAS DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY OR CONTROL WITH RESPECT TO THE ASSETS OF THE GRANTOR TRUST OR PROVIDES INVESTMENT ADVICE FOR A FEE (DIRECT OR INDIRECT) WITH RESPECT TO THE ASSETS OF THE GRANTOR TRUST, AND FOR WHICH THE PURCHASE AND HOLDING OF THE CERTIFICATE IS ELIGIBLE AND SATISFIES ALL CONDITIONS FOR RELIEF UNDER PTCE

 

  Ex. A-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


95-60. THIS CERTIFICATE (OR AN INTEREST THEREIN) ALSO MAY NOT BE ACQUIRED WITH THE ASSETS OF OR HELD BY OR FOR THE ACCOUNT OF ANY OTHER PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO TITLE I OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (“SIMILAR LAW”) IF SUCH ACQUISITION OR HOLDING WOULD RESULT IN A VIOLATION OF ANY SIMILAR LAW. THE HOLDER OF THIS CERTIFICATE, BY ACCEPTING THIS CERTIFICATE, WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE REPRESENTED AND WARRANTED THAT IT IS NOT SUBJECT TO THE FOREGOING LIMITATIONS AND, IF REQUESTED TO DO SO BY THE GRANTOR, SUCH PERSON SHALL EXECUTE AND DELIVER TO THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE AND THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AN UNDERTAKING LETTER TO SUCH EFFECT IN THE FORM SPECIFIED IN THE GRANTOR TRUST AGREEMENT.

IT IS THE INTENT OF THE GRANTOR, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE AND THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER THAT, FOR UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES, THE GRANTOR TRUST SHALL BE TREATED AS A GRANTOR TRUST. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE REQUIRED BY APPROPRIATE TAXING AUTHORITIES, THE GRANTOR AND THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER BY ACCEPTANCE OF THE CERTIFICATE AGREE TO TREAT, AND TO TAKE NO ACTION INCONSISTENT WITH THE TREATMENT OF, THE CERTIFICATE FOR SUCH TAX PURPOSES AS INTERESTS IN SUCH AN ENTITY AS DESCRIBED IN THE PREVIOUS SENTENCE.

THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER ACKNOWLEDGES AND REPRESENTS THAT IT IS NOT A MEMBER OF AN “EXPANDED GROUP” (WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE REGULATIONS ISSUED UNDER SECTION 385 OF THE CODE) THAT INCLUDES A DOMESTIC CORPORATION (AS DETERMINED FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES) IF SUCH DOMESTIC CORPORATION, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY (THROUGH ONE OR MORE ENTITIES THAT ARE TREATED FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES AS PARTNERSHIPS, DISREGARDED ENTITIES, OR GRANTOR TRUSTS), OWNS 80% OR MORE OF THE CAPITAL OR PROFITS OF THE GRANTOR TRUST.

THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER, IF IT IS ACTING AS A NOMINEE OR IN A SIMILAR CAPACITY, REPRESENTS AND AGREES THAT NO BENEFICIAL OWNER FOR WHICH IT IS ACTING AS A NOMINEE OWNS LESS THAN THE MINIMUM DENOMINATION FOR THE CERTIFICATE.

 

  Ex. A-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER REPRESENTS AND AGREES THAT IT WILL NOT TAKE ANY ACTION THAT COULD CAUSE, AND WILL NOT OMIT TO TAKE ANY ACTION, WHICH OMISSION COULD CAUSE, THE GRANTOR TRUST TO BECOME TAXABLE AS A CORPORATION FOR U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES.

THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER AGREES THAT ANY PURPORTED TRANSFER OF THE CERTIFICATE OR ANY BENEFICIAL INTEREST IN THE CERTIFICATE THAT IS NOT MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RESTRICTIONS SET FORTH IN THE GRANTOR TRUST AGREEMENT WILL BE NULL AND VOID FROM THE BEGINNING AND WILL NOT BE GIVEN EFFECT FOR ANY PURPOSE THEREUNDER.

THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER BY ITS ACCEPTANCE OF THE CERTIFICATE (OR AN INTEREST THEREIN) COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT SUCH GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER SHALL NOT (NOR SHALL IT JOIN WITH OR SOLICIT ANOTHER PERSON TO), PRIOR TO THE DATE WHICH IS ONE YEAR AND ONE DAY AFTER THE TERMINATION OF THE GRANTOR TRUST AND OF EACH OTHER TRUST HERETOFORE FORMED BY THE GRANTOR, ACQUIESCE, PETITION OR OTHERWISE INVOKE OR CAUSE THE GRANTOR OR THE GRANTOR TRUST TO INVOKE IN ANY COURT OR GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF COMMENCING OR SUSTAINING A CASE AGAINST THE GRANTOR OR THE GRANTOR TRUST UNDER ANY FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY, INSOLVENCY, REORGANIZATION OR SIMILAR LAW OR APPOINTING A RECEIVER, LIQUIDATOR, ASSIGNEE, TRUSTEE, CUSTODIAN, SEQUESTRATOR OR OTHER SIMILAR OFFICIAL OF THE GRANTOR OR THE GRANTOR TRUST OR ANY SUBSTANTIAL PART OF ITS PROPERTY, OR ORDERING THE WINDING UP OR LIQUIDATION OF THE AFFAIRS OF THE GRANTOR OR THE GRANTOR TRUST UNDER A FEDERAL OR STATE BANKRUPTCY OR INSOLVENCY PROCEEDING.

THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER BY ACCEPTING THE CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT SUCH PERSON’S CERTIFICATE (OR INTEREST THEREIN) REPRESENTS BENEFICIAL INTERESTS IN THE GRANTOR TRUST ONLY AND DOES NOT REPRESENT INTERESTS IN OR OBLIGATIONS OF THE GRANTOR, THE SERVICER, THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE, THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR, THE INDENTURE TRUSTEE OR ANY AFFILIATE THEREOF AND NO RECOURSE, EITHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, MAY BE HAD AGAINST SUCH PARTIES OR THEIR ASSETS, EXCEPT AS MAY BE EXPRESSLY SET FORTH OR CONTEMPLATED IN THE GRANTOR TRUST AGREEMENT, THE CERTIFICATE OR THE OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, NONE OF THE GRANTOR, THE SERVICER, THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR OR THE GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE IN THEIR RESPECTIVE INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES, OR

 

  Ex. A-3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE PARTNERS, BENEFICIARIES, AGENTS, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES OR SUCCESSORS OR ASSIGNS, SHALL BE PERSONALLY LIABLE FOR, NOR SHALL RECOURSE BE HAD TO ANY OF THEM FOR, THE DISTRIBUTION OF ANY AMOUNT WITH RESPECT TO THIS CERTIFICATE OR THE GRANTOR TRUST’S PERFORMANCE OF, OR OMISSION TO PERFORM, ANY OBLIGATIONS OR INDEMNIFICATIONS CONTAINED IN THIS GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATE, THE GRANTOR TRUST AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, IT BEING EXPRESSLY UNDERSTOOD THAT THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER OBLIGATIONS HAVE BEEN MADE SOLELY BY THE GRANTOR TRUST. THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER BY THE ACCEPTANCE OF THE CERTIFICATE (OR BENEFICIAL INTEREST THEREIN) AGREES THAT EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE TRANSACTION DOCUMENTS, IN THE EVENT OF NONPAYMENT OF ANY AMOUNTS WITH RESPECT TO THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATE, IT SHALL HAVE NO CLAIM AGAINST ANY OF THE FOREGOING PERSONS FOR ANY DEFICIENCY, LOSS OR CLAIM THEREFROM. IN THE EVENT THAT ANY OF THE FOREGOING COVENANTS OF THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER IS PROHIBITED BY, OR DECLARED ILLEGAL OR OTHERWISE UNENFORCEABLE AGAINST ANY SUCH GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER UNDER APPLICABLE LAW BY ANY COURT OR OTHER AUTHORITY OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, AND, AS A RESULT, THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER IS DEEMED TO HAVE AN INTEREST IN ANY ASSETS OF THE GRANTOR OR ANY AFFILIATE OF THE GRANTOR OTHER THAN THE GRANTOR TRUST, THE GRANTOR TRUST CERTIFICATEHOLDER AGREES THAT (I) ITS CLAIM AGAINST ANY SUCH OTHER ASSETS SHALL BE, AND HEREBY IS, SUBJECT AND SUBORDINATE IN ALL RESPECTS TO THE RIGHTS OF OTHER PERSONS TO WHOM RIGHTS IN THE OTHER ASSETS HAVE BEEN EXPRESSLY GRANTED, INCLUDING TO THE PAYMENT IN FULL OF ALL AMOUNTS OWING TO SUCH ENTITLED PERSONS, AND (II) THE COVENANT SET FORTH IN THE PRECEDING CLAUSE (I) CONSTITUTES A “SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT” WITHIN THE MEANING OF, AND SUBJECT TO, SECTION 510(A) OF THE BANKRUPTCY CODE.

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2

ASSET BACKED CERTIFICATE

evidencing a fractional undivided Percentage Interest in the Grantor Trust, as defined below, the property of which includes a pool of retail instalment contracts and direct purchase money loans secured by new or used automobiles and light trucks and sold to the Grantor Trust by Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2.

 

  Ex. A-4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


(This Certificate does not represent an interest in or obligation of Carvana Receivables Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 or any of its respective affiliates, except to the extent described in the Transaction Documents.)

THIS CERTIFIES THAT CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2 is the registered owner of a nonassessable, fully-paid fractional undivided Percentage Interest in Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2 (the “Grantor Trust”) formed by Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Grantor”).

The Grantor Trust was created pursuant to a trust agreement, dated as of August 10, 2021, as amended and restated as of the Closing Date (as so amended and restated, the “Grantor Trust Agreement”), between the Grantor and BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as grantor trust trustee (the “Grantor Trust Trustee”), a summary of certain of the pertinent provisions of which is set forth below. To the extent not otherwise defined herein, the capitalized terms used herein have the meanings assigned to them or incorporated by reference in the Grantor Trust Agreement.

This certificate is a duly authorized issue of the certificate of the Grantor Trust (herein called the “Certificate”). This Certificate is issued under and is subject to the terms, provisions and conditions of the Grantor Trust Agreement, the terms of which are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof, to which Grantor Trust Agreement the holder of this Certificate by virtue of the acceptance hereof assents and by which such holder is bound.

Under the Grantor Trust Agreement, there may be distributed to the Person in whose name this Certificate is registered monies pursuant to Articles V and VII of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

The distributions in respect of this Certificate are payable in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. All payments made by the Grantor Trust with respect to this Certificate shall be applied in respect of this Certificate.

No transfer of this Certificate shall be permitted if such transfer is effected through an established securities market or secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and any regulation thereunder.

It is the intent of the Grantor, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder that, for United States federal income tax purposes, the Grantor Trust shall be treated as a grantor trust. Except as otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities, the Grantor and the Grantor Trust Certificateholder by acceptance of this Certificate agree to treat, and to take no action inconsistent with the treatment of, this Certificate for such tax purposes as interests in such an entity as described in the previous sentence.

The Grantor Trust Certificateholder by its acceptance of this Certificate covenants and agrees that such Grantor Trust Certificateholder shall not (nor shall it join with or solicit another person to), prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of the Grantor Trust and of each other trust heretofore formed by the Grantor, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Grantor or the Grantor Trust to invoke in any court or governmental authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Grantor or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Grantor or the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Grantor or the Grantor Trust under a federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.

 

  Ex. A-5   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


Except as otherwise provided in the Grantor Trust Agreement, distributions on this Certificate shall be made as provided in the Grantor Trust Agreement by the Grantor Trust Trustee by wire transfer or check mailed to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder without the presentation or surrender of this Certificate or the making of any notation hereon. Except as otherwise provided in the Grantor Trust Agreement and notwithstanding the above, the final distribution on this Certificate shall be made after due notice by the Grantor Trust Trustee of the pendency of such distribution and only upon presentation and surrender of this Certificate at the office maintained for such purpose by the Grantor Trust Trustee.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Certificate set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been executed by an authorized officer of the Grantor Trust Trustee by manual signature, this Certificate shall not entitle the holder hereof to any benefit under the Grantor Trust Agreement or the Servicing Agreement or be valid for any purpose.

THIS CERTIFICATE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INTERNAL LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW THEREOF OR OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

 

  Ex. A-6   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Grantor Trust Trustee, on behalf of the Grantor Trust and not in its individual capacity, has caused this Certificate to be duly executed.

 

Dated: [_________], 2022     CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2
    By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
    By:  

                     

    Name:
    Title:

GRANTOR TRUST TRUSTEE’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Certificates referred to in the within-mentioned Grantor Trust Agreement.

 

BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
By:  

                     

Name:  
Title:  

 

  Ex. A-7   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


REVERSE OF CERTIFICATE

This Certificate does not represent an obligation of, or an interest in, Carvana, LLC, Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC, the Grantor, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or any affiliates of any of them and no recourse may be had against such parties or their assets, except as may be expressly set forth or contemplated herein or in the Grantor Trust Agreement or the other Transaction Documents. In addition, this Certificate is not guaranteed by any governmental agency or instrumentality and is limited in right of payment to certain collections and recoveries with respect to the Receivables (and certain other amounts), all as more specifically set forth herein and in the other Transaction Documents. A copy of each of the other Transaction Documents may be examined during normal business hours at the principal office of the Grantor, and at such other places, if any, designated by the Grantor, by any Grantor Trust Certificateholder upon written request. In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Certificate and the terms of the other Transaction Documents, the terms of the other Transaction Documents shall govern.

As provided in the Grantor Trust Agreement and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Certificate is registerable in the Grantor Trust Certificate Register upon surrender of this Certificate for registration of transfer at the offices or agencies of the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Grantor Trust Trustee and duly executed by the Holder hereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon a new Certificate evidencing the same aggregate Percentage Interest in the Grantor Trust will be issued to the designated transferee. The initial Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar appointed under the Grantor Trust Agreement is BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware.

As provided in the Grantor Trust Agreement and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, this Certificate is exchangeable for a new Certificate in the same aggregate Percentage Interest and nominal principal balance requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

The Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar and any agent of the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar may treat the Person in whose name this Certificate is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, and none of the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar or any such agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

The obligations and responsibilities created by the Grantor Trust Agreement and the Grantor Trust created thereby shall terminate in accordance with Article VII of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

 

  Ex. A-8   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto

PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY

NUMBER OR OTHER IDENTIFYING

NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE

__________________________________________________________________

(please print or type name and address, including postal zip code, of assignee)

__________________________________________________________________

the within Certificate (Asset Backed Certificate No. R-     issued by Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2), and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing

__________________________________________________________________ attorney to transfer said Certificate on the books of the Grantor Trust Certificate Registrar, with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

Dated:    _____________________________*
  

 

Signature Guaranteed:

   _____________________________*

 

*

NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears upon the face of the within Certificate in every particular, without alteration, enlargement or any change whatsoever. Such signature must be guaranteed by a member firm of the New York Stock Exchange or a commercial bank or trust company.

 

  Ex. A-9   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


EXHIBIT B

UNDERTAKING LETTER

Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2

1930 W. Rio Salado Parkway

Tempe, Arizona 85281

BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware,

as Grantor Trust Trustee of Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2

301 Bellevue Parkway, 3rd Floor

Wilmington, Delaware 19809

Attention: Corporate Trust Administration

BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware,

as Grantor Trust Paying Agent

301 Bellevue Parkway, 3rd Floor

Wilmington, Delaware 19809

Attention: Corporate Trust Administration

Ladies and Gentlemen:

In connection with our purchase of record or beneficial ownership of the R-[_] Asset Backed Certificate (the “Certificate”) of Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2 (the “Trust”), the undersigned purchaser, record owner or beneficial owner hereby acknowledges, represents and warrants that such purchaser, record owner or beneficial owner:

(1) is not, and is not acquiring the Certificate with the assets of or held by or for the account of, (a) (i) an “employee benefit plan,” as defined in Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is subject to the provisions of Title I of ERISA, (ii) a “plan” as defined in and subject to Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or (iii) any entity or account whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of investment by an employee benefit plan or plan in such entity or account (each, a “Benefit Plan Investor”) other than an “insurance company general account,” as defined in Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption 95-60 (“PTCE 95-60”), whose underlying assets include less than 25% “plan assets” of Benefit Plan Investors, who is not and is not an affiliate of a person that has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the Trust or provides investment advice for a fee (direct or indirect) with respect to the assets of the Trust, and for which the purchase and holding of Certificates is eligible and satisfies all conditions for relief under PTCE 95-60, or (b) any other plan that is subject to any law that is substantially similar to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) if such acquisition or holding would result in a violation of any Similar Law;

(2) did not acquire such Certificate through an established securities market or secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and any regulation thereunder; and

 

  Ex. B-1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement


(3) acknowledges that you and others will rely on our acknowledgments, representations and warranties made in connection with our purchase of record or beneficial ownership of the Certificate and agrees to notify you promptly in writing if any of our representations or warranties herein cease to be accurate and complete.

 

 

Name of Certificate Owner
By:  

 

Name:  

 

Title:  

 

Date:  

 

 

  Ex. B-2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Guarantor Trust Agreement

Exhibit 10.9

 

 

 

ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuer

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust

and

CARVANA, LLC,

as Administrator

and

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,

as Indenture Trustee

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page  

1.

   Certain Definitions      2  

2.

   Duties of the Administrator      2  

3.

   [Reserved]      5  

4.

   Records      5  

5.

   Compensation      5  

6.

   Additional Information To Be Furnished to the Issuing Entity      5  

7.

   Independence of the Administrator      6  

8.

   No Joint Venture      6  

9.

   Other Activities of the Administrator      6  

10.

   Term of Agreement; Resignation and Removal of Administrator      6  

11.

   Action upon Termination, Resignation or Removal      7  

12.

   Notices      7  

13.

   Amendments      7  

14.

   Successors and Assigns      9  

15.

   Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial      9  

16.

   Headings      10  

17.

   Separate Counterparts      10  

18.

   Severability of Provisions      10  

19.

   Not Applicable to Carvana in Other Capacities      11  

20.

   Limitation of Liability of Owner Trustee, Grantor Trust Trustee and Indenture Trustee      11  

21.

   Third-Party Beneficiary      11  

22.

   Recourse against Certain Parties      11  

23.

   Nonpetition Covenant      12  

 

i
CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement

 


ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT, dated as of May 25, 2022, is among CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, as issuer (the “Issuing Entity”), CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, as grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”), CARVANA, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, as administrator (“Carvana” or the “Administrator”), and COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national association, not in its individual capacity but solely as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity is issuing Notes pursuant to an indenture, dated as of May 25, 2022 (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Indenture”), among the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee;

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity has entered into (or assumed) certain agreements in connection with the issuance of the Notes and the Certificates, including (a) the Receivables Transfer Agreement, (b) the Note Depository Agreement and (c) the Indenture;

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Transaction Documents, the Issuing Entity is required to perform certain duties in connection with (a) the Notes and the Collateral and (b) the Certificates;

WHEREAS, the Grantor Trust has entered into (or assumed) certain agreements in connection with the issuance of the Grantor Trust Certificate, including (a) the Receivables Contribution Agreement and (b) the Indenture;

WHEREAS, pursuant to the Transaction Documents, the Grantor Trust is required to perform certain duties in connection with (a) the Grantor Trust Collateral and (b) the Grantor Trust Certificate;

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust desire to have the Administrator perform certain of the duties of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust referred to in the preceding clauses, and to provide such additional services consistent with the terms of this Agreement and the Transaction Documents as the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust may from time to time request; and

WHEREAS, the Administrator has the capacity to provide the services required hereby and is willing to perform such services for the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust on the terms set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants herein contained, the parties agree as follows:

 

  1    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


1. Certain Definitions. Except as otherwise specified herein or as the context may otherwise require, capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein are defined in Part I of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser. All references herein to “the Agreement” or “this Agreement” are to this Administration Agreement as it may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time, the exhibits and schedules hereto and the capitalized terms used herein, which are defined in Part I of such Appendix A, and all references herein to Articles, Sections and Subsections are to Articles, Sections or Subsections of this Agreement unless otherwise specified. The rules of construction set forth in Part II of such Appendix A shall be applicable to this Agreement.

2. Duties of the Administrator.

(a) Duties with Respect to the Transaction Documents.

(i) The Administrator agrees to perform all of its duties as Administrator specifically enumerated herein and in the Transaction Documents and administer, perform all of the specifically enumerated duties of the Issuing Entity under the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Receivables Transfer Agreement, the Receivables Contribution Agreement and the Note Depository Agreement and to perform all of the specifically enumerated duties of the Grantor Trust under the Indenture, the Receivables Contribution Agreement and the Grantor Trust Agreement, and no additional duties shall be read to be included herein; provided, however, that the Administrator shall have no obligation to make any payment required to be made by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any Transaction Document. In addition, the Administrator shall consult with the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust regarding their respective duties and obligations under the Transaction Documents. The Administrator shall monitor the performance of the Issuing Entity and shall advise the Issuing Entity when action is necessary to comply with the Issuing Entity’s duties under the Indenture, the Servicing Agreement, the Trust Agreement, the Note Depository Agreement, the Receivables Transfer Agreement and the Receivables Contribution Agreement. The Administrator shall monitor the performance of the Grantor Trust and shall advise the Grantor Trust when action is necessary to comply with the Grantor Trust’s duties under the Indenture, the Servicing Agreement, the Receivables Contribution Agreement and the Grantor Trust Agreement. Other than such items to be performed by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 6.6 of the Indenture, the Administrator shall prepare for execution by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or shall cause the preparation by other appropriate persons of all such documents, reports, filings, instruments, certificates, notices and opinions as it shall be the duty of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to prepare, file or deliver pursuant to the Transaction Documents. In furtherance of the foregoing, the Administrator shall take all appropriate action that is the duty of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust to take pursuant to the Transaction Documents, and shall prepare, execute, file and deliver on behalf of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust all such documents, reports, filings, instruments, certificates, notices and opinions as it shall be the duty of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust to prepare, execute, file or deliver pursuant to the Transaction Documents or otherwise required by law.

(b) Notice to the Rating Agencies. The Administrator shall give notice to each Rating Agency of (i) any resignation or removal of the Owner Trustee pursuant to Section 6.10 of the Trust Agreement, (ii) any resignation or removal of the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to Section 6.10 of the Grantor Trust Agreement, (iii) any amendment to the Servicing Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1 of the Servicing Agreement, (iv) any Event of Default, Servicer

 

  2    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


Termination Event, each default on the part of the Servicer of its obligations under the Servicing Agreement, each default on the part of the Depositor of its obligations under the Receivables Transfer Agreement and each default on the part of the Seller of its obligations under the Receivables Purchase Agreement of which it has been provided notice pursuant to Section 3.19 of the Indenture, (v) any supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 9.1 or 9.2 of the Indenture (vi) any redemption of the Notes pursuant to Section 10.1 of the Indenture; (vii) any amendment to the Collateral Custodian Agreement pursuant to Section 4.1 of the Collateral Custodian Agreement, (viii) any amendment to the Backup Servicing Agreement pursuant to Section 19 of the Backup Servicing Agreement, (ix) any merger or consolidation of the Grantor Trust Trustee pursuant to Section 6.11 of the Grantor Trust Agreement; which notice shall be given in the case of each of clauses (i) through (ix) promptly upon the Administrator being notified thereof by the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer, as applicable. If Carvana is no longer the Administrator, the successor administrator shall provide any required Rating Agency notices under this Section 2(b) to the Depositor, who promptly shall provide such notices to the Rating Agencies.

(i) Upon dissolution of the Issuing Entity, the Administrator shall wind up the business and affairs of the Issuer in accordance with Section 7.1 of the Trust Agreement. Upon dissolution of the Grantor Trust, the Administrator shall wind up the business and affairs of the Grantor Trust in accordance with Section 7.1 of the Grantor Trust Agreement.

(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Administrator shall not be obligated to, and shall not take, any action that the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust directs the Administrator not to take or which would result in a violation or breach of the Issuing Entity’s covenants, agreements or obligations under any of the Transaction Documents or the Grantor Trust’s covenants, agreements or obligations under any of the Transaction Documents.

(c) Additional Duties.

(i) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents to the contrary, the Administrator shall be responsible for promptly notifying the Paying Agent if any withholding tax is imposed on the Issuing Entity’s payments to a Certificateholder as contemplated in Section 5.2(c) of the Trust Agreement. Any such notice shall specify the amount of any withholding tax required to be withheld by the Paying Agent pursuant to such provision. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents to the contrary, the Administrator shall be responsible for promptly notifying the Grantor Trust Paying Agent if any withholding tax is imposed on the Grantor Trust’s payments to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder as contemplated in Section 5.3 of the Grantor Trust Agreement. Any such notice shall specify the amount of any withholding tax required to be withheld by the Grantor Trust Paying Agent pursuant to such provision.

(ii) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the Transaction Documents to the contrary, if the Owner Trustee is notified by the Administrator that the Issuing Entity is deemed to be taxable as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Administrator shall be responsible for the performance of the duties of the Owner Trustee set forth in Section 5.4 of the Trust Agreement with respect to, among other things, accounting and

 

  3    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


reports to Certificateholders; provided, however, that the Owner Trustee shall retain responsibility for the electronic transmission or mailing, but not for the preparation, to the Certificateholders of the forms provided by the Administrator to the Owner Trustee in appropriate form necessary to enable each Certificateholder (or beneficial owner of a Certificate) to prepare its federal and state income tax returns. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or the Transaction Documents to the contrary, if the Grantor Trust Trustee is notified by the Administrator that the Grantor Trust is deemed to be taxable as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Administrator shall be responsible for performance of the duties of the Grantor Trust Trustee set forth in Section 5.1 of the Grantor Trust Agreement with respect to, among other things, accounting and reports to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder; provided, however, that the Grantor Trust Trustee shall retain responsibility for the electronic transmission or mailing, but not for the preparation, to the Grantor Trust Certificateholder of the forms provided by the Administrator to the Grantor Trust Trustee in appropriate form necessary to enable the Grantor Trust Certificateholder to prepare its federal and state income tax returns.

(iii) The Administrator may satisfy any obligations it may have with respect to clause (ii) above and this clause (iii) by retaining, at the expense of the Administrator with respect to the Grantor Trust and at the expense of the Issuing Entity with respect to the Issuing Entity, a firm of independent public accountants acceptable to the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee which shall perform the obligations of the Administrator thereunder.

(iv) In carrying out the foregoing duties or any of its other obligations under this Agreement, the Administrator may enter into transactions with or otherwise deal with any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that the terms of any such transactions or dealings shall be in accordance with any directions received from the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust and shall be, in the Administrator’s opinion, no less favorable to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, as applicable, than would be available from Persons that are not Affiliates of the Administrator.

(v) The Administrator shall appoint an Independent Accountant, which shall be a firm of independent certified public accountants of recognized national reputation, to prepare any and all applicable tax returns of the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust. The Administrator may revoke such power and remove the Independent Accountant at any time in the Administrator’s sole discretion. For the avoidance of doubt, neither the Owner Trustee nor the Grantor Trust Trustee shall have any duty, obligation or responsibility in appointing the Independent Accountant, and shall have no liability for the selection of any such Independent Accountant by the Administrator.

(d) Non-Ministerial Matters.

(i) With respect to matters related to the Issuing Entity that in the reasonable judgment of the Administrator are non-ministerial, the Administrator shall not take any action unless, within a reasonable time before the taking of such action, the Administrator shall have notified the Owner Trustee of the proposed action and the Owner Trustee shall not have withheld consent or provided an alternative direction. For the purpose of the preceding sentence, “non-ministerial matters” shall include:

 

  4    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


(A) the initiation of any claim or lawsuit by the Issuing Entity and the compromise of any action, claim or lawsuit brought by or against the Issuing Entity;

(B) the appointment of successor Note Registrars, successor Paying Agents and successor Indenture Trustees pursuant to the Indenture or the appointment of successor Administrators or successor Servicers, or the consent to the assignment by the Note Registrar, Paying Agent or Indenture Trustee of its obligations under the Indenture;

(C) the removal of the Asset Representations Reviewer; and

(D) the removal of the Indenture Trustee.

(ii) With respect to matters related to the Grantor Trust that in the reasonable judgment of the Administrator are non-ministerial, the Administrator shall not take any action unless, within a reasonable time before the taking of such action, the Administrator shall have notified the Grantor Trust Trustee of the proposed action and the Grantor Trust Trustee shall not have withheld consent or provided an alternative direction. For the purpose of the preceding sentence, “non-ministerial matters” shall include the initiation of any claim or lawsuit by the Grantor Trust and the compromise of any action, claim or lawsuit brought by or against the Grantor Trust.

(iii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Administrator shall not be obligated to, and shall not, (x) make any payments to the Noteholders or the Certificateholders under the Transaction Documents, (y) sell the Collateral pursuant to Section 5.4 of the Indenture or (z) take any other action that the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust directs the Administrator not to take on its behalf.

3. [Reserved].

4. Records. The Administrator shall comply with Section 5.4 of the Trust Agreement and Section 5.1 of the Grantor Trust Agreement, including maintaining appropriate books of account and records relating to services performed hereunder, which books of account and records shall be accessible for inspection by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Depositor, as applicable, at any time during normal business hours.

5. Compensation. As compensation for the performance of the Administrator’s obligations under this Agreement and as reimbursement for its expenses related thereto, the Issuing Entity shall, unless otherwise waived by the Administrator, pay the Administrator an annual fee in the amount of $1,000. The Administrator is also entitled to expenses pursuant to Section 2.7(b) of the Indenture.

6. Additional Information To Be Furnished to the Issuing Entity. The Administrator shall furnish to the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust from time to time such additional information regarding the Issuing Entity Collateral or the Grantor Trust Collateral, as applicable, as the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust shall reasonably request.

 

  5    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


7. Independence of the Administrator. For all purposes of this Agreement, the Administrator shall be an independent contractor and shall not be subject to the supervision of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust with respect to the manner in which it accomplishes the performance of its obligations hereunder. Unless expressly authorized by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, the Administrator shall have no authority to act for or to represent the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust, in any way (other than as permitted hereunder) and shall not otherwise be deemed an agent of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust.

8. No Joint Venture. Nothing contained in this Agreement (i) shall constitute the Administrator and any of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Owner Trustee as members of any partnership, joint venture, association, syndicate, unincorporated business or other separate entity, (ii) shall be construed to impose any liability as such on any of them or (iii) shall be deemed to confer on any of them any express, implied or apparent authority to incur any obligation or liability on behalf of the others.

9. Other Activities of the Administrator. Nothing herein shall prevent the Administrator or its Affiliates from engaging in other businesses or, in its sole discretion, from acting in a similar capacity as an administrator for any other person or entity even though such person or entity may engage in business activities similar to those of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee or the Indenture Trustee.

10. Term of Agreement; Resignation and Removal of Administrator.

(a) This Agreement shall continue in force until the termination of the Issuing Entity, upon which event this Agreement shall automatically terminate.

(b) Subject to Section 10(e), the Administrator may give notice of its intent to resign its duties hereunder by providing the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust with at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice.

(c) Subject to Section 10(e), the Issuing Entity, acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders, may remove the Administrator without cause by providing the Administrator with at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice.

(d) Subject to Section 10(e), at the sole option of the Issuing Entity, acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders, the Administrator may be removed immediately upon written notice of termination from the Issuing Entity to the Administrator if any of the following events shall occur:

(i) the Administrator shall default in the performance of any of its duties under this Agreement and, after notice from the Issuing Entity of such default, shall not cure such default within thirty (30) days (or, if such default cannot be cured in such time, shall not give within ten (10) Business Days such assurance of cure as shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Issuing Entity);

 

  6    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


(ii) a court having jurisdiction in the premises shall enter a decree or order for relief, and such decree or order shall not have been vacated within sixty (60) days, in respect of the Administrator in any involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or appoint a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for the Administrator or any substantial part of its property or order the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs; or

(iii) the Administrator shall commence a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, shall consent to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or shall consent to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or similar official for the Administrator or any substantial part of its property, shall consent to the taking of possession by any such official of any substantial part of its property, shall make any general assignment for the benefit of creditors or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due.

The Administrator agrees that if any of the events specified in clause (i), clause (ii) or clause (iii) of this Section 10(d) shall occur, it shall give written notice thereof to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee within seven (7) days after the happening of such event.

(e) No resignation or removal of the Administrator pursuant to this Section 10 shall be effective until (i) a successor Administrator shall have been appointed by the Issuing Entity, (ii) such successor Administrator shall have agreed in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement in the same manner as the Administrator is bound hereunder and (iii) the Rating Agency Condition has been satisfied with respect to such proposed appointment.

11. Action upon Termination, Resignation or Removal. Promptly upon the effective date of termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 10(a) or the resignation or removal of the Administrator pursuant to Section 10(b) or Section 10(c), respectively, the Administrator shall be entitled to be paid all fees and reimbursable expenses accruing to it to the effective date of such termination, resignation or removal. The Administrator shall forthwith upon such termination pursuant to Section 10(a) deliver to the Issuing Entity all property and documents of or relating to the Issuing Entity Collateral and the Grantor Trust Collateral then in the custody of the Administrator. In the event of the resignation or removal of the Administrator pursuant to Sections 10(b), 10(c) or 10(d) respectively, the Administrator shall cooperate with the Issuing Entity and take all reasonable steps requested to assist the Issuing Entity in making an orderly transfer of the duties of the Administrator.

12. Notices. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator or the Indenture Trustee under this Agreement shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A of the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

13. Amendments.

(a) This Agreement may be amended by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator and the Indenture Trustee, without the consent of any of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders, (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents, or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum,

 

  7    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


(iii) to evidence and provide for the appointment of a successor Administrator hereunder and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Agreement as shall be necessary to facilitate such succession, (iv) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Administrator, (v) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely the interests of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders or (vi) the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Administrator notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

(b) This Agreement may also be amended by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator and the Indenture Trustee, with the consent of the Certificateholders, to add or supplement any provision in this Agreement for the benefit of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders (provided that if any such addition shall affect any class of Noteholders differently from any other class of Noteholders, then such addition shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any class of Noteholders) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Administrator.

(c) This Agreement may also be amended from time to time by the Issuing Entity at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator and the Indenture Trustee, with the consent of the Requisite Noteholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 13(c) or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Note or Certificate and of any Note or Certificate issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or not notation of such consent is made upon the Note or Certificate) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be.

(d) Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to Section 13(b) or (c), the Administrator shall furnish written notice of the substance of such amendment to the Rating Agencies; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Administrator shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

(e) Notwithstanding this Section 13, the Administrator may not amend this Agreement without the consent of the Depositor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(f) It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Noteholders or Certificateholders pursuant to Section 13(b) or (c) to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders or Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders shall be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Indenture Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement.

 

  8    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


(g) Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement, the Indenture Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee shall be entitled to receive and conclusively rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Section 13 and an Officer’s Certificate that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. The Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment which affects such trustee’s own rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement or otherwise. No amendment which adversely affects the rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations of the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee under this Agreement shall be effective without the respective party’s prior written consent.

(h) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

14. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement may not be assigned by the Administrator unless such assignment is previously consented to in writing by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee and subject to the satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition in respect thereof. An assignment with such consent and satisfaction, if accepted by the assignee, shall bind the assignee hereunder in the same manner as the Administrator is bound hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be assigned by the Administrator without the consent of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Owner Trustee to a corporation or other organization that is a successor (by merger, consolidation or purchase of assets) to the Administrator, provided that such successor organization executes and delivers to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee an agreement in which such corporation or other organization agrees to be bound hereunder by the terms of such assignment in the same manner as the Administrator is bound hereunder. Subject to the foregoing, this Agreement shall bind any successors or assigns of the parties hereto.

15. Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS THEREOF OR OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION OTHER THAN SECTION 5-1401 AND SECTION 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.

 

  9    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, LOCATED IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN AND THE FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER OR UNDER THE THIRD STEP RECEIVABLES ASSIGNMENT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

16. Headings. The headings herein are for purposes of references only and shall not otherwise affect the meaning or interpretation of any provision hereof.

17. Separate Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two (2) or more counterparts (and by different parties on separate counterparts), each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed counterpart of this Agreement by email or facsimile shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

18. Severability of Provisions. If any one or more of the covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement shall for any reason whatsoever be held invalid, then such covenants, agreements, provisions or terms shall be deemed severable from the remaining covenants, agreements, provisions and terms of this Agreement and shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of the other covenants, agreements, provisions or terms of this Agreement.

 

  10    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


19. Not Applicable to Carvana in Other Capacities. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any obligation Carvana may have in any other capacity.

20. Limitation of Liability of Owner Trustee, Grantor Trust Trustee and Indenture Trustee.

(a) It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable under this Agreement.

(b) Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, this Agreement has been countersigned by Computershare Trust Company, National Association, not in its individual capacity but solely in its capacity as Indenture Trustee and in no event shall Computershare Trust Company, National Association have any liability for the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements or other obligations of the Issuing Entity hereunder or in any of the certificates, notices or agreements delivered pursuant hereto, as to all of which recourse shall be had solely to the assets of the Issuing Entity. For all purposes of this Agreement, in the performance of any duties or obligations of the Issuing Entity hereunder, the Indenture Trustee shall be subject to, and entitled to the benefits of, the terms and provisions of Article VI of the Indenture.

21. Third-Party Beneficiary. Each of the Grantor Trust Trustee and the Owner Trustee is a third-party beneficiary to this Agreement and is entitled to the rights and benefits hereunder and may enforce the provisions hereof as if it were a party hereto.

22. Recourse against Certain Parties. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, all amounts owed by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust on, under or in respect of its obligations and liabilities under this Agreement shall be recoverable only from and to the extent of the Collateral and upon final realization of collections thereon and in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture, the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall have no further liability and all claims in respect of the amounts owed but still unpaid shall be extinguished.

 

  11    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


23. Nonpetition Covenant. None of the parties hereto shall petition or otherwise invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust until one (1) year and one (1) day following the repayment of the Notes.

*     *     *     *     *

 

  12    CRVNA 2022-P2 Administration Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers as of the day and year first above written.

 

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, as Issuing Entity
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee on behalf of the Issuing Entity
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, as Grantor Trust
By: BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee on behalf of the Grantor Trust
By:  

                          

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA, LLC, as Administrator
By:  

                     

Name:  
Title:  
COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
By:  

                     

Name:  
Title:  

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO ADMINISTRATION AGREEMENT]

 

    

Exhibit 10.10

 

 

 

COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuing Entity

and

CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust

and

CARVANA, LLC,

as Administrator

and

BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC

as Servicer

and

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

as Collateral Custodian and Indenture Trustee

 

 

Dated as of May 25, 2022

 

 

 

 

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS; CONSTRUCTION

     2  

Section 1.1

  Definitions      2  

Section 1.2

  Accounting Terms and Determinations      3  

Section 1.3

  Computation of Time Periods      3  

Section 1.4

  Interpretation      3  

ARTICLE II THE COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN

     4  

Section 2.1

  Appointment; Duties of the Collateral Custodian      4  

Section 2.2

  Access to Receivable Files; Release of Receivable Files      7  

Section 2.3

  Compensation and Indemnification of Collateral Custodian      9  

Section 2.4

  Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Collateral Custodian      10  

Section 2.5

  Covenants of the Collateral Custodian      11  

Section 2.6

  Liability of the Collateral Custodian      11  

Section 2.7

  Certain Matters Affecting the Collateral Custodian      14  

Section 2.8

  Merger, Conversion, Consolidation of, or Succession to Business of, the Collateral Custodian      16  

Section 2.9

  Termination      17  

Section 2.10

  Non-Reliance on Collateral Custodian      18  

Section 2.11

  AML Law      18  

ARTICLE III MUTUAL COVENANTS REGARDING CONFIDENTIALITY

     19  

Section 3.1

  Other Confidential Information      19  

ARTICLE IV MISCELLANEOUS

     19  

Section 4.1

  Amendments and Waivers      19  

Section 4.2

  Notices, Etc.      20  

Section 4.3

  No Waiver, Rights and Remedies      20  

Section 4.4

  Binding Effect      21  

Section 4.5

  Term of this Agreement; Third Party Beneficiary      21  

Section 4.6

  GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF OBJECTION TO VENUE      21  

Section 4.7

  WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL      21  

Section 4.8

  Limitation on Consequential Damages      21  

 

  -i-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

Section 4.9

  No Insolvency Proceedings      22  

Section 4.10

  Recourse Against Certain Parties      22  

Section 4.11

  Execution in Counterparts; Severability; Integration      22  

Section 4.12

  Concerning the Owner Trustee      23  

Section 4.13

  Information to be Provided by the Collateral Custodian      24  

 

  -ii-   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN AGREEMENT

This Collateral Custodian Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (this “Agreement”), is among CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, as the issuing entity (the “Issuing Entity”), CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2, a Delaware statutory trust, as the grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”), CARVANA, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, as administrator (the “Administrator”), BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC, an Arizona limited liability company, as servicer (the “Servicer”), COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, acting through its document custody division (including, as applicable, any agents or affiliates utilized thereby), as collateral custodian (in such capacity, the “Collateral Custodian”), and COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as indenture trustee (in such capacity, the “Indenture Trustee”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Seller has and will from time to time originate and acquire certain receivables, including automobile retail installment sales contracts, and transfer certain of such receivables and related property to Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC (the “Depositor”);

WHEREAS, the Depositor will sell certain of those receivables and related property to the Issuing Entity and the Issuing Entity will contribute those receivables and related property to the Grantor Trust;

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee have entered into that certain Indenture, dated as of May 25, 2022 (the “Indenture”), pursuant to which the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust will pledge the receivables, the Grantor Trust Certificate and certain other property to the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties;

WHEREAS, the Indenture Trustee, Vervent Inc. (the “Backup Servicer”), the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer will enter into that certain Servicing Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (the “Servicing Agreement”), pursuant to which the Servicer will service such receivables and related property; and

WHEREAS, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Indenture Trustee desire to have the Collateral Custodian maintain possession of certain documents with respect to such receivables, and the Collateral Custodian is willing to do so in accordance with the terms of this Agreement:

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

    

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


ARTICLE I

Definitions; Construction

Section 1.1 Definitions.

Whenever used herein, unless the context otherwise requires, the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:

Advisors: Accountants, attorneys, consultants, advisors and Persons similar to the foregoing and the respective directors, officers, employees and managers of each of the foregoing.

Approved Exported Contract: A Contract (i) that is fully executed by the parties through the E-Vault System, (ii) which Authoritative Copy has been electronically transferred to the Vault Partition on the E-Vault System or (iii) which has been Exported by the Collateral Custodian and is held by the Collateral Custodian pursuant to this Agreement, together with the document history report prepared by the E-Vault Provider related to such Contract.

Asset Addition Date: The date on which Receivables are to be added to and included in the Collateral.

Collateral Custodian Fee: The fees set forth in this Agreement to be paid to the Collateral Custodian.

Confidential Information: All information and material of any type, scope or subject matter whatsoever relating to the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer or any of their subsidiaries, whether oral or written, and howsoever evidenced or embodied, which each Party, each Party’s representatives or agents (including any officers of any Party or any of their subsidiaries) may furnish to the other, or to which either Party is afforded access by the other Party, either directly or indirectly for purposes of such Party’s participation in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. However, “Confidential Information” shall not include information or material of a Party which (i) becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of a disclosure by the receiving Party or its agents and other representatives, (ii) was available to the receiving Party on a non-confidential basis prior to its disclosure by the disclosing Party, (iii) becomes available to the receiving Party on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the disclosing Party or the disclosing Party’s representatives or agents, provided that such source is not, to the receiving party’s knowledge, bound by a confidentiality agreement or otherwise prohibited from transmitting the information to the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Collateral Custodian or the Depositor by a contractual, legal or fiduciary obligation or (iv) consists of the documents evidencing the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents so long as all references to the other Party and all information specific to the assets sold or price paid pursuant to the transactions are removed.

Insolvency Laws: The Bankruptcy Code and all other applicable liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, moratorium, arrangement, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, suspension of payments, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar debtor relief laws from time to time in effect affecting the rights of creditors generally.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Required Legend: A legend applied by the E-Vault System to every page of a Contract which reads as follows: “Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, with Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Noteholders, as secured party.”

Review: As defined in Section 2.1(c) of this Agreement.

System Description: The written description of the E-Vault Provider’s e-contract system attached hereto as Schedule A.

Capitalized terms used but not defined herein are used with the meanings assigned to them in Part I of Appendix A of the Receivables Purchase Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Receivables Purchase Agreement”), among Carvana, LLC as the seller and Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC as the purchaser.

Section 1.2 Accounting Terms and Determinations.

Unless otherwise defined or specified herein, all accounting terms shall be construed herein, all accounting determinations hereunder shall be made, all financial statements required to be delivered hereunder shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Section 1.3 Computation of Time Periods.

Unless otherwise stated in this Agreement, in the computation of a period of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word “from” means “from and including” and the words “to” and “until” each mean “to but excluding”.

Section 1.4 Interpretation.

When used in this Agreement, unless a contrary intention appears: (i) a term has the meaning assigned to it; (ii) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP; (iii) “or” is not exclusive; (iv) “including” means including without limitation; (v) words in the singular include the plural and words in the plural include the singular; (vi) any agreement, instrument defined or referred to herein or in any instrument or certificate delivered in connection herewith means such agreement, instrument as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented and includes (in the case of agreements or instruments) references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein; (vii) any statute defined or referred to herein or in any instrument or certificate delivered in connection herewith means such statute as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented and includes any successor statute and the rules and regulations issued pursuant to such statute; (viii) references to a Person are also to its successors and permitted assigns; (ix) the words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision hereof; (x) references contained herein to Section, Schedule and Exhibit, as applicable, are references to Sections, Schedules and Exhibits in this Agreement unless otherwise specified; (xi) references to “writing” include printing, typing, lithography and other means of reproducing words in a visible form; and (xii) the term “proceeds” has the meaning set forth in the applicable UCC.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


ARTICLE II

The Collateral Custodian

Section 2.1 Appointment; Duties of the Collateral Custodian.

(a) The Grantor Trust hereby appoints Computershare Trust Company, National Association, to act solely on behalf of the Indenture Trustee and the Secured Parties as collateral custodian hereunder. Computershare Trust Company, National Association hereby accepts its appointment as Collateral Custodian hereunder, acknowledges that it is bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement and agrees that it shall hold all Receivable Files Delivered to it or otherwise in its possession pursuant to this Agreement for the benefit of the Indenture Trustee under the terms of this Agreement. The Collateral Custodian hereby agrees not to assert (in its individual capacity or otherwise) any Liens or claims of any kind with respect to the Receivable Files held by it or the related Receivables or any other Collateral and hereby releases and waives any such Liens and claims.

(b) The Administrator shall, on behalf of the Grantor Trust, Deliver or cause to be Delivered to the Collateral Custodian the applicable Receivable Files (except that any such file may not include the Certificate of Title to the extent the Certificate of Title has not been received), together with the Schedule of Receivable relating to such Receivable File no later than the Closing Date.

(c) The Collateral Custodian shall on or prior to the Closing Date, review all of the Receivable Files so Delivered to verify the presence of each item listed in the definition of “Receivable File” with respect to each Receivable and deliver a Document Receipt to the Administrator, the Indenture Trustee and the Servicer. The Administrator shall ensure that the Collateral Custodian is provided with electronic access to the records of the Title Intermediary concerning Certificates of Title that are maintained in electronic form. Wherever in this Agreement it states that the Collateral Custodian has possession of Certificates of Title or Receivable Files, with respect to electronic Certificates of Title, it shall mean that the Collateral Custodian has received information sufficient to perform the verification set forth in this Section 2.1. The Collateral Custodian will rely upon, but cannot be responsible for, verify or confirm, the content or accuracy of any information provided by the Title Intermediary or any other party pursuant to the Transaction Documents (to the extent not explicitly required by the terms of the Transaction Documents).

The Grantor Trust, the Administrator and the Issuing Entity hereby certify to the Collateral Custodian that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the review contemplated by this Section 2.1(c) (the “Review”) is a review to be performed by the Collateral Custodian solely for the purpose of acknowledging receipt of Receivable Files by the Collateral Custodian from the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Servicer. Any Document Receipt related to such Review prepared by the Collateral Custodian and furnished to the Servicer or the Indenture Trustee is produced solely in connection with this purpose. None of the Administrator, the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust engaged the Collateral Custodian to perform the Review, produce any Document Receipt or perform any of the services in this Agreement for the purpose of making findings with respect to the accuracy of the information or data regarding the Contracts or Receivable Files provided to the Collateral Custodian by the Administrator, the Issuing Entity

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


or the Grantor Trust for the Review as contemplated by Rule 17g-10 under the Exchange Act. Given the purpose and scope of the Collateral Custodian’s services (including the Review and the delivery of any Document Receipt) under this Agreement and given the Administrator’s, Issuing Entity’s, Grantor Trust’s, Servicer’s and Indenture Trustee’s treatment and use of the Review and the Document Receipts, the Administrator, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee and the Collateral Custodian agree that the Collateral Custodian’s Review is not understood to be “due diligence services” for purposes of Rule 17g-10. None of the Administrator, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust considers the Review or any Document Receipt to be “due diligence services” for purposes of Rule 17g-10, and unless the Administrator, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust notifies the Collateral Custodian to the contrary, none of the Administrator, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust will treat any Document Receipt as a “third party due diligence report” for purposes of Rule 15Ga-2 under the Exchange Act. The Administrator, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, each Noteholder, and the Indenture Trustee hereby acknowledge that the Collateral Custodian is relying on this certification for purposes of determining that its Review does not constitute “due diligence services” as defined in Rule 17g-10.

(d) Subject to Section 2.2, the Collateral Custodian shall maintain the tangible Receivable Files which are Delivered to it at the offices of the Collateral Custodian, located at ABS Custody Vault, 1055 10th Ave. SE, MAC N9401-011, Minneapolis, MN 55415, and the Collateral Custodian shall notify the Servicer and the Indenture Trustee by written notice of any change in the location of the Receivable Files.

(e) The parties agree that an Electronic Contract shall be “communicated” within the meaning of Section 9-105(3) of the UCC to the Collateral Custodian upon the transfer of the Authoritative Copy of such Electronic Contract at the direction of the Seller, the Administrator, the Issuing Entity, or the Grantor Trust (or its respective custodian) from such Person’s electronic vault partition to the Vault Partition and acceptance by the Collateral Custodian of such Authoritative Copy into the Vault Partition. The Collateral Custodian shall thereafter “maintain” as within the meaning of Section 9-105(3) of the UCC such Authoritative Copy in the Vault Partition for the purpose of exercising control over the Contracts which are Electronic Contracts pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and shall maintain the Vault Partition so that the E-Vault System will place the Required Legend on each page of any perceivable copy of any Contract that is an Electronic Contract. The Collateral Custodian shall maintain the Vault Partition and each Receivable that is an Electronic Contract such that (i) a watermark on all perceivable renderings of the Authoritative Copy thereof shall read “View of Authoritative Copy,” (ii) a watermark on any copy of a former Authoritative Copy thereof shall read “View of Non-Authoritative Copy,” and (iii) the Required Legend is placed by the E-Vault System on each page of any perceivable rendering thereof. The Collateral Custodian shall cause the Vault Partition to reflect the name of the Grantor Trust as the Owner of Record. Each of the parties hereto agrees that it will not initiate or consent to any revision to the Required Legend or any other identification of the Indenture Trustee as the assignee of any Authoritative Copy without the consent of (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the written direction of the Requisite Noteholders), or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the written direction of the Majority Certificateholders).

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(f) The Collateral Custodian shall carry out such policies and procedures in accordance with its customary actions with respect to the handling and custody of the Receivable Files so that the integrity and physical possession of the tangible Receivable Files will be maintained. The Collateral Custodian shall segregate the Receivable Files on its inventory system and will not commingle the physical Receivable Files with any other files of the Collateral Custodian other than those relating to the Seller and its Affiliates and subsidiaries.

(g) All of the Collateral Custodian’s records pertaining to the Receivable Files shall contain an indication that such records and the Receivables which are the subject of such records are owned by the Grantor Trust and pledged by the Grantor Trust to the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties. The Collateral Custodian hereby waives any and all rights of offset with respect to any and all Receivable Files in the Collateral Custodian’s possession or under its “control,” whether such right of offset arises by contract, operation of law or otherwise. The Collateral Custodian shall hold any tangible Receivable Files (or portions thereof) in its fire rated storage vault under its exclusive custody and control in accordance with customary standards for such custody. If any of the Secured Parties suffers or incurs costs, expenses, losses or damages as a result of the destruction or loss of any of the Receivable Files or any instrument or document comprising part of a Receivable File, the Collateral Custodian shall, (i) at the request of the Indenture Trustee, make any appropriate claim under any bond or insurance, and (ii) to the extent of such Secured Party’s costs, expenses, losses or damages, promptly pay the proceeds thereof to such Secured Party unless the Collateral Custodian has replaced the lost or destroyed items or has otherwise reimbursed such Secured Party for such losses or damages.

(h) The Collateral Custodian shall not deliver physical possession of, or otherwise transfer, assign, pledge, mortgage, convey or dispose of any Receivable Files in its possession or under its control to any Person except (i) as provided in Section 2.2 and (ii) upon termination of duties as Collateral Custodian in accordance with Section 2.9. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at the written request of (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the written direction of the Requisite Noteholders), or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the written direction of the Majority Certificateholders), the Collateral Custodian shall initiate the Export process and retain copies of reports produced by the E-Vault System that set forth, in reasonable detail, the history, including, the original electronic execution as well as the previous alterations, modification or amendments and the conversion to tangible chattel paper of any such Approved Exported Contract. The Collateral Custodian shall then confirm that it has in its possession a physical Contract for each Contract which was converted into an Approved Exported Contract and confirm the same to the Indenture Trustee in writing, and maintain possession of such Approved Exported Contracts in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or, if (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the written direction of the Requisite Noteholders), or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the written direction of the Majority Certificateholders) shall so instruct the Collateral Custodian in writing, deliver such Approved Exported Contracts as directed by the Indenture Trustee. The reasonable and documented fees, costs and expenses related to such Exporting of the Electronic Contracts (other than any Exporting of Contracts following the termination of the E-Vault Access Agreement either at the election of the Collateral Custodian or due to an event of default with respect to the Collateral Custodian) shall be the obligation of the Issuing Entity and shall be paid in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(i) The Collateral Custodian shall:

(i) deliver to the Administrator on or before March 15 of each year, beginning March 15, 2023 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day), a report, dated as of December 31 of the preceding calendar year, of its assessment of compliance with the Servicing Criteria specified in Exhibit D with respect to such calendar year (or, in the case of the first year, since no later than the Closing Date), including disclosure of any material instance of non-compliance identified by the Collateral Custodian, as required by Rule 13a-18 and 15d-18 of the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB under the Securities Act; and

(ii) cause a firm of registered public accountants that is qualified and independent within the meaning of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act to deliver to the Administrator on or before March 15 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning March 15, 2023, an attestation report that satisfies the requirements of Rule 13a-18 or Rule 15d-18 under the Exchange Act, as applicable, of the assessment of compliance with Servicing Criteria with respect to the prior calendar year (or, in the case of the first year, since no later than the Closing Date).

(j) The Collateral Custodian hereby acknowledges and agrees that in the event that the Collateral Custodian shall either be terminated or resign pursuant to Section 2.9, the Collateral Custodian:

(i) shall deliver any Receivable Files (or portions thereof) in possession of the Collateral Custodian to the successor Collateral Custodian appointed pursuant to the terms of this Agreement at such place as the successor Collateral Custodian may reasonably designate;

(ii) shall maintain the Receivable Files and continue in the performance of its duties and the enjoyment of its rights under this Agreement, until the due appointment of a successor Collateral Custodian and the orderly transfer of the Receivable Files to the successor Collateral Custodian; and

(iii) shall maintain all information obtained by it regarding the Obligors and the Receivables, whether upon the exercise of its rights under this Agreement or otherwise, in confidence and shall not disclose any such information to any other Person, unless such disclosure is reasonably incident to the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement or is required under any Applicable Law.

Section 2.2 Access to Receivable Files; Release of Receivable Files.

(a) The Collateral Custodian shall permit inspection at all reasonable times upon at least five (5) Business Days prior notice during regular business hours by the Asset Representations Reviewer (if an Asset Representations Review Notice has been delivered), Indenture Trustee or the Servicer (or by such Person’s respective auditors when requested such Person) of the Receivable Files and the records of the Collateral Custodian relating to this Agreement and any such party (or its auditors when requested by such party) shall be permitted to make copies of the Receivable Files and the records of the Collateral Custodian relating to this Agreement.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(b) From time to time and as appropriate for the enforcement or servicing of any of the Receivables, the Collateral Custodian is hereby authorized, upon written receipt from the Servicer of a request for release of documents in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A, to release to the Servicer the related Receivable File or the documents set forth in such request to the Servicer. All documents so released to the Servicer shall be held by the Servicer in trust for the benefit of the Indenture Trustee in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Servicer shall return to the Collateral Custodian the Receivable File or other such documents when the Servicer’s need therefor in connection with such foreclosure or servicing no longer exists, unless the Receivable shall be liquidated, in which case, upon receipt of an additional request for release of documents certifying such liquidation from the Servicer to the Collateral Custodian in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A, the related Receivable File referenced in the Servicer’s request submitted pursuant to the first sentence of this subsection shall be released by the Collateral Custodian to the Servicer.

(c) Upon receipt by the Collateral Custodian of the Servicer’s request for release of Receivable Files and other documents in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A and in accordance with Section 2.2(b), the Collateral Custodian shall promptly release the related Receivable File to the Servicer.

(d) The Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Servicer may require that the Collateral Custodian return each Receivable File (i) delivered to the Collateral Custodian in error, (ii) as to which the Lien on the related Financed Vehicle has been so released, (iii) that has been released to the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or (iv) that is required to be redelivered to the Grantor Trust in connection with the termination of this Agreement, in each case by submitting to the Collateral Custodian and the Indenture Trustee a written request in the form of Exhibit A (signed by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, or the Servicer, as applicable) specifying the Receivable Files to be so returned and reciting that the conditions to such release have been met (and specifying the conditions being relied upon for such release). The Collateral Custodian shall upon its receipt of each such request for return executed by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, or the Servicer, as applicable, promptly, but in any event within five (5) Business Days, return the Receivable Files so requested to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, or the Servicer, as applicable.

(e) The Collateral Custodian shall promptly deliver to the Indenture Trustee or its designee any or all Receivables File and other items of Collateral in the Collateral Custodian’s custody upon the written request of an Authorized Officer of the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall provide the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer with a copy of any such request delivered to the Collateral Custodian. Written instructions as to the method of shipment and shipper(s) the Collateral Custodian is directed to utilize in connection with the delivery of Receivable Files in the performance of the Collateral Custodian’s duties hereunder shall be delivered by the Servicer to the Collateral Custodian prior to any shipment of Receivable Files. The Indenture Trustee will arrange for the provision of such services at the Issuing Entity’s sole cost and expense in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture and will maintain such insurance against loss or damage to the Receivable Files as the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer reasonably deem appropriate.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(f) The Collateral Custodian shall promptly deliver to the Asset Representations Reviewer (if an Asset Representations Review Notice has been delivered) or its designee any or all Receivables File (or access to any Receivable Files stored in an electronic format) and other items of Collateral in the Collateral Custodian’s custody upon the written request of an Authorized Officer of the Asset Representations Reviewer. The Asset Representations Reviewer shall provide the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer with a copy of any such request delivered to the Collateral Custodian.

Section 2.3 Compensation and Indemnification of Collateral Custodian.

(a) The Collateral Custodian shall be compensated for its activities hereunder by receiving the Collateral Custodian Fees as specified in Exhibit C in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

(b) The Issuing Entity shall indemnify the Collateral Custodian and its officers, directors, employees and agents for, and hold them harmless against any claim, loss, liability, fee, cost, damage or expense incurred, including reasonable attorney’s fees, petitioning costs and disbursements (including, court costs, expenses and any losses incurred in connection with a successful defense, in whole or in part, of any claim that the Collateral Custodian breached its standard of care), other than in connection with the willful misconduct, gross negligence or bad faith on the part of the Collateral Custodian, arising out of or in connection with the performance of its obligations under and in accordance with this Agreement, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties under this Agreement. All such amounts due and owing to the Collateral Custodian hereunder shall be paid in accordance with the payment priorities set forth in Section 2.7 of the Indenture. The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination or assignment of this Agreement, or the resignation or removal of the Collateral Custodian.

THE FOREGOING INDEMNIFICATION SHALL APPLY WHETHER OR NOT SUCH LIABILITIES AND COSTS ARE IN ANY WAY OR TO ANY EXTENT OWED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, UNDER ANY CLAIM OR THEORY OF STRICT LIABILITY, OR ARE CAUSED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, BY ANY NEGLIGENT ACT OR NEGLIGENT OMISSION OF ANY KIND BY THE COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN.

(c) To the extent any indemnification afforded to the Collateral Custodian (whether pursuant to this Section 2.3 or otherwise) is limited by the gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on the part of the Collateral Custodian, the Collateral Custodian shall be entitled to indemnification hereunder until such matters have been determined definitively by a court of competent jurisdiction. Any indemnification afforded to the Collateral Custodian shall include reasonable and documented attorneys’ fees and expenses, including, any legal fees, costs, and expenses incurred in connection with any enforcement (including any action, claim, or suit brought) by the Collateral Custodian of any indemnification or other obligation of the indemnifying party. Any indemnification amounts due and owing to the Collateral Custodian hereunder shall be paid to the Collateral Custodian in accordance with the payment priorities set forth in Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Section 2.4 Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Collateral Custodian.

The Collateral Custodian makes the following representations, warranties and covenants, and further agrees that the Indenture Trustee, on behalf of the Secured Parties, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator and the Servicer shall be deemed to have relied upon such representations, warranties and covenants in entering into this Agreement:

(a) Organization and Good Standing. The Collateral Custodian is a national banking association duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the United States, and has full power, authority and legal right to own its properties and conduct its business as such properties are presently owned and such business is presently conducted, and to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

(b) Due Authorization. The execution, delivery, and performance of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party have been duly authorized by the Collateral Custodian by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Collateral Custodian.

(c) Binding Obligation. Each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Collateral Custodian, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability may be limited by applicable Insolvency Laws and except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity (whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).

(d) No Conflict. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party, and the performance of the transactions contemplated thereby and the fulfillment of the terms thereof applicable to the Collateral Custodian, will not conflict with, violate, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, any Applicable Law or any Contractual Obligation of the Collateral Custodian.

(e) Proceedings. No proceeding of any kind, including litigation, arbitration, judicial or administrative, is pending or threatened against or contemplated by the Collateral Custodian which would under any circumstance have a Material Adverse Effect on the execution, delivery, performance or enforceability of this Agreement by the Collateral Custodian or any other Transaction Document to which the Collateral Custodian is a party.

(f) Control Status. The Collateral Custodian is not an Affiliate of either the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Administrator or the initial Servicer, and covenants and agrees that prior to any such affiliation in the future, the Collateral Custodian shall promptly notify the Indenture Trustee for further distribution to the Noteholders.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Section 2.5 Covenants of the Collateral Custodian.

(a) Affirmative Covenants. From the date hereof until the date as of which the Grantor Trust has been dissolved:

(i) Compliance with Law. The Collateral Custodian will comply in all material respects with all Applicable Laws and will comply with all of its obligations hereunder.

(ii) Preservation of Existence. The Collateral Custodian will preserve and maintain its existence, rights, franchises and privileges in the jurisdiction of its formation and qualify and remain qualified in good standing in each jurisdiction where failure to preserve and maintain such existence, rights, franchises, privileges and qualification has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect.

(b) Negative Covenants. From the date hereof until the date as of which the Grantor Trust has been dissolved:

(i) Receivable Files. The Collateral Custodian will not assign, transfer, convey, deliver or dispose of any Receivable Files or other document evidencing or relating to any of the Collateral or any of the Collateral except as contemplated by this Agreement.

(ii) No Changes in Collateral Custodian Fee. The parties hereto will not make any changes to the Collateral Custodian Fee without the prior written approval of (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders) or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders).

Section 2.6 Liability of the Collateral Custodian.

(a) The Collateral Custodian shall be liable in accordance herewith only to the extent of the obligations specifically undertaken by the Collateral Custodian in such capacity herein. No implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Collateral Custodian and, in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Collateral Custodian, the Collateral Custodian may conclusively rely upon the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed in any reports, certificates or opinions furnished to the Collateral Custodian pursuant to and conforming to the requirements of this Agreement.

(b) The Collateral Custodian shall not be liable for:

(i) an error of judgment made in good faith; or

(ii) any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken in good faith in accordance with or believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred, by this Agreement or at the direction of the Indenture Trustee relating to the exercise of any power conferred upon the Collateral Custodian under this Agreement,

in each case, unless it shall be proved that the Collateral Custodian shall have been negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(c) The Collateral Custodian shall not be charged with knowledge of any Default, Event of Default, Servicer Termination Event or other event or information, or be required to act upon any such event or information (including the sending of any notice), and shall have no duty to take any action to determine whether any such event, Default, Event of Default or Servicer Termination Event has occurred, unless an Authorized Officer of the Collateral Custodian obtains actual knowledge of such event or receives written notice of such event from the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, or the Indenture Trustee, as the case may be. Delivery of any reports, information and documents to the Collateral Custodian provided for herein is for informational purposes only and the Collateral Custodian’s receipt of such information and any publicly-available information, shall not constitute actual or constructive knowledge of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuing Entity’s, the Servicer’s or the Grantor Trust’s compliance with any of its representations, warranties or covenants hereunder (as to which the Collateral Custodian is entitled to rely exclusively upon Officers’ Certificates).

(d) Without limiting the generality of this Section, the Collateral Custodian shall have no duty (i) to see to any recording, filing or depositing of this Agreement or any agreement referred to herein or any financing statement or continuation statement evidencing a security interest in the Receivables or the Financed Vehicles, or to see to the monitoring or maintenance of any such recording or filing or depositing or to any recording, refiling or redepositing of any thereof, (ii) to see to any insurance of the Financed Vehicles or Obligors or to effect or maintain any such insurance, (iii) to see to the payment or discharge of any Tax, assessment or other governmental charge or any Lien or encumbrance of any kind owing with respect to, assessed or levied against, any part of the Receivables, (iv) to recalculate, confirm or verify the contents of any reports or certificates of the Servicer, the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust delivered to the Collateral Custodian pursuant to this Agreement believed by the Collateral Custodian to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties or (v) to inspect the Financed Vehicles at any time or ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any of the Issuing Entity’s, Grantor Trust’s, the Servicer’s or any other Person’s representations, warranties or covenants or the Servicer’s duties and obligations as Servicer and as custodian of books, records, files and computer records relating to the Receivables under this Agreement. The Collateral Custodian makes no representations as to (i) the validity, legality, perfection, priority, enforceability, recordability, ownership, title, sufficiency, due authorization or genuineness of any of the documents contained in any Receivable File or of any of the Contracts or (ii) the collectability, insurability, effectiveness or suitability of any such Contract.

(e) The Collateral Custodian shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if there shall be reasonable ground for believing that the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability shall not be reasonably assured to it, and none of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall in any event require the Collateral Custodian to perform, or be responsible for the manner of performance of, any of the obligations of the Servicer or any other Person under this Agreement.

(f) The Collateral Custodian may request and rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, officer’s certificate, any report, certificate of auditors or any other certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, appraisal, bond or other paper or document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. The Collateral Custodian shall not be responsible for the content or accuracy of any document provided to it.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(g) The Collateral Custodian may consult with counsel of its choice and any advice or opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken or suffered or omitted by it under this Agreement in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

(h) The Collateral Custodian shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights, powers or remedies vested in it by this Agreement (except to comply with its obligations under this Agreement and any other transaction document to which it is a party) or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation under this Agreement or in relation to this Agreement, at the request, order or direction of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee, the Requisite Noteholders, or if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, unless the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee the Requisite Noteholders, or if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Majority Certificateholders, as applicable, on behalf of the Secured Parties, shall have offered to the Collateral Custodian security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred therein or thereby.

(i) The Collateral Custodian shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts of matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval, bond or other paper or document, unless requested in writing so to do by the Indenture Trustee; provided, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Collateral Custodian of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation shall be, in the opinion of the Collateral Custodian, not reasonably assured by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust or the Servicer, the Collateral Custodian may require indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against such cost, expense or liability as a condition to so proceeding. The reasonable expense of every such examination shall be paid by the Issuing Entity or, if paid by the Collateral Custodian, shall be reimbursed by the Issuing Entity upon demand.

(j) The Collateral Custodian may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties under this Agreement either directly or by or through agents (including managers), Affiliates or attorneys or a custodian.

(k) Knowledge of the Collateral Custodian shall not be attributed or imputed to Computershare Trust Company, National Association’s other roles in the transaction and knowledge of the Indenture Trustee shall not be attributed or imputed to the Collateral Custodian (other than those where the roles are performed by the same group or division within Computershare Trust Company, National Association or otherwise share the same authorized signatories), or any affiliate, line of business, or other division of Computershare Trust Company, National Association (and vice versa).

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(l) The Collateral Custodian shall not be responsible for the enforceability of the Notes or the recitals set forth therein, or for any recitals, statements, representations or warranties of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee or any other Party to the Transaction Documents contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document. The Collateral Custodian shall be responsible only for the obligations, representations and warranties of the Collateral Custodian as set forth in the Transaction Documents to which it is a party.

(m) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Collateral Custodian, including its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Collateral Custodian, in each of its capacities hereunder, and in connection with the performance of any of its duties or obligations under any of the other Transaction Documents.

(n) For the avoidance of doubt, the Collateral Custodian shall not be responsible for determining whether any breach of representations or warranty or document defect constitutes a breach or defect or a material breach or defect, or for the enforcement of any repurchase obligations under any Transaction Document.

Section 2.7 Certain Matters Affecting the Collateral Custodian.

(a) The Collateral Custodian shall have no duties or responsibilities except those that are specifically set forth herein, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Collateral Custodian. The Collateral Custodian shall be under no responsibility or duty with respect to the disposition of any Receivable Files while such Receivable Files are not in its possession or under its control. If the Collateral Custodian shall request instructions from the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer with respect to any act, action or failure to act in connection with and as set forth in this Agreement, the Collateral Custodian shall be entitled to refrain from taking such action and continue to refrain from acting unless and until the Collateral Custodian shall have received written instructions from the Indenture Trustee or the Servicer, as applicable without incurring any liability therefor to the Indenture Trustee, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer or any other person.

(b) The Collateral Custodian may act in reliance upon any written communication of the Issuing Entity concerning the delivery, possession or “control” (within the meaning of Section 9-105 of the UCC) of the Receivable Files and other items of Collateral pursuant to this Agreement. The Collateral Custodian does not assume and shall have no responsibility for, and makes no representation as to, monitoring the value of the Receivable Files and other Collateral. The Collateral Custodian shall not be liable for any action or omission to act hereunder, except for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct. In no event shall the Collateral Custodian have any responsibility to ascertain or take action with respect to the Receivable Files or other Collateral, except as expressly provided herein.

THE FOREGOING PARAGRAPH SHALL APPLY WHETHER OR NOT SUCH LIABILITIES ARE IN ANY WAY OR TO ANY EXTENT OWED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, UNDER ANY CLAIM OR THEORY OF STRICT LIABILITY, OR ARE CAUSED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, BY ANY NEGLIGENT ACT OR NEGLIGENT OMISSION OF ANY KIND BY THE COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(c) If the Collateral Custodian shall at any time receive conflicting instructions from the Indenture Trustee and the Servicer or any other party to this Agreement and the conflict between such instructions cannot be resolved by reference to the terms of this Agreement, the Collateral Custodian shall be entitled to rely upon the instructions of the Indenture Trustee. In the absence of bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Collateral Custodian, the Collateral Custodian may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, officer’s certificate, certificate of auditors, or any other certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice request, consent, order, appraisal, bond or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. The Collateral Custodian may rely upon the validity of any documents delivered to it, without investigation as to their authenticity or legal effectiveness, and the parties to this Agreement (other than the Servicer) will hold the Collateral Custodian harmless from any claims that may arise or be asserted against the Collateral Custodian because of the invalidity of any such documents delivered by such party or their failure to fulfill their intended purpose. The Collateral Custodian shall not be bound to ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any of the terms of this Agreement or any other agreement on the part of any party, except as may otherwise be specifically set forth herein. The Collateral Custodian may consult with counsel of its choice with regard to legal questions arising out of or in connection with this Agreement and the advice or opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, omitted or suffered by the Collateral Custodian in good faith in accordance therewith.

(d) If the Collateral Custodian loses or misplaces any Receivable File or portion thereof, or if any such instruments, documents, or certificates are destroyed or damaged while in the possession of the Collateral Custodian, then, in addition to any other liability the Collateral Custodian may have in respect thereof pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or otherwise, the Collateral Custodian agrees to execute and deliver to the Indenture Trustee, upon the Indenture Trustee’s written request, an affidavit stating that such instrument, document, or certificate has been lost or destroyed, as applicable, and, if necessary, such other affidavits or certificates as maybe reasonably necessary to obtain replacement certificates of title.

(e) The Collateral Custodian is authorized, in its sole discretion, to disregard any and all notices or instructions given by any other party hereto or by any other person, firm or corporation, except only such notices or instructions as are herein provided for and orders or process of any court entered or issued with or without jurisdiction. If any property subject hereto is at any time attached, garnished or levied upon under any court order or in case the payment, assignment, transfer, conveyance or delivery of any such property shall be stayed or enjoined by any court order, or in case any order, judgment or decree shall be made or entered by any court affecting such property or any part hereof, then and in any of such events the Collateral Custodian is authorized, in its sole discretion, to rely upon and comply with any such order, writ, judgment or decree with which it is advised by legal counsel of its own choosing is binding upon it, and if it complies with any such order, writ, judgment or decree it shall not be liable to any other party hereto or to any other person, firm or corporation by reason of such compliance even though such order, writ, judgment or decree maybe subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside, vacated or found to have been entered without competent jurisdiction.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(f) Before the Collateral Custodian acts or refrains from taking any action under or in relation to this Agreement that is not expressly contemplated by the terms and provisions hereof or thereof, it may require an officer’s certificate or an Opinion of Counsel from the party requesting that the Collateral Custodian act or refrain from acting in form and substance acceptable to the Collateral Custodian, the costs of which (including the Collateral Custodian’s reasonable attorney’s fees and expenses) shall be paid by the party requesting that the Collateral Custodian act or refrain from acting. The Collateral Custodian shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such officer’s certificates or opinions of counsel.

(g) In no event shall the Collateral Custodian be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, any change in Applicable Law that precludes or restricts performance by the Collateral Custodian or any force majeure event, including provisions of any present or future law or regulation or act of any governmental authority, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, natural disaster, disease, epidemic or pandemic, quarantine, national emergency, power outages, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, malware or ransomware attack, communications system failure, unavailability of the Federal Reserve Bank wire or telex system or other applicable wire or funds transfer system or unavailability of any securities clearing system, inability to access the E-Vault System or other circumstances beyond its control. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Collateral Custodian shall not be required to take any action that is not in accordance with Applicable Law. The right of the Collateral Custodian to perform any permissive or discretionary act enumerated in this Agreement or any related document shall not be construed as a duty.

(h) The Collateral Custodian shall not be responsible for the acts or omissions of the Servicer, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Indenture Trustee, the E-Vault Provider, or any other Person, and may assume compliance by such parties with their obligations under this Agreement or any related agreements, unless an Authorized Officer of the Collateral Custodian shall have received written notice to the contrary. The parties acknowledge and agree that in making statements herein regarding “control” of the Contracts which are Electronic Contracts, the Collateral Custodian is relying on, and shall be entitled to conclusively rely on, representations and covenants from the E-Vault Provider regarding the E-Vault System and the various criteria constituting “control” (within the meaning of Section 9-105 of the UCC).

Section 2.8 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation of, or Succession to Business of, the Collateral Custodian.

The Collateral Custodian may merge with any Person; provided that any Person into which the Collateral Custodian may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which to Collateral Custodian shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the Collateral Custodian, shall be the successor of the Collateral Custodian under this Agreement, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding. The Collateral Custodian and/or its parent shall at all times have a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million dollars ($50,000,000) and shall be a bank or trust company with corporate trust powers organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof which is a member of the Federal Reserve System and whose long-term unsecured debt rating is in a category of at least investment grade by any nationally recognized rating agency providing such rating for the Collateral Custodian.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Section 2.9 Termination.

(a) The Collateral Custodian may:

(i) terminate its obligations as Collateral Custodian under this Agreement (subject to Section 2.9(b) and Section 2.9(c)) upon at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer and the Indenture Trustee; provided, however, that, without the consent of (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders) or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders), such resignation shall not be effective until a successor Collateral Custodian shall have accepted appointment as Collateral Custodian, pursuant to Section 2.9(b) and shall have agreed to be bound by the terms of this Agreement; or

(ii) be removed at any time for cause in relation to any material breach by the Collateral Custodian of any of its duties or obligations under this Agreement by written notice from (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders), or for any other reason upon sixty (60) days’ prior written notice from the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders) or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders), or for any other reason upon sixty (60) days’ prior written notice from the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders), with such notice in each case delivered to the Collateral Custodian, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust and the Servicer.

In the event of such termination or removal, (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders) or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders) shall appoint a successor Collateral Custodian. If, however, a successor Collateral Custodian is not appointed by (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders) or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders) within ninety (90) days after the giving of notice of resignation or removal, the Collateral Custodian may petition a court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Collateral Custodian.

(b) Upon the effectiveness of any such resignation or termination, the Collateral Custodian shall promptly transfer to the successor custodian, as directed by the Indenture Trustee, all Receivable Files and other items of Collateral being held by the Collateral Custodian under this Agreement.

(c) Any successor Collateral Custodian appointed pursuant to Section 2.9(a) shall (i) execute, acknowledge, and deliver to the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee and to the predecessor Collateral Custodian an instrument accepting such appointment under this Agreement and (ii) be an Eligible Institution and shall have been approved by (A) the Indenture Trustee (acting at the direction of the Requisite Noteholders), or (B) if the Notes (other than the Class XS Notes) are no longer outstanding, the Issuing Entity (acting at the direction of the Majority Certificateholders). Thereupon, the resignation or removal of the predecessor

 

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Collateral Custodian shall become effective and such successor Collateral Custodian, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties, and obligations of its predecessor as Collateral Custodian under this Agreement, with like effect as if originally named as Collateral Custodian. The predecessor Collateral Custodian shall upon payment of its fees and expenses (including attorneys’ fees or expenses incurred in connection with a petition contemplated by Section 2.9(a) hereof) deliver to the successor Collateral Custodian all documents and statements and monies held by it under this Agreement; and the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee and the predecessor Collateral Custodian shall execute and deliver such instruments and do such other things as may reasonably be required for fully and certainly vesting and confirming in the successor Collateral Custodian all such rights, powers, duties, and obligations.

(d) In the event the Collateral Custodian’s appointment hereunder is terminated without cause, the Issuing Entity shall reimburse the Collateral Custodian for the reasonable and documented expenses, fees and costs (including attorneys’ fees or expenses) of the Collateral Custodian incurred in transferring the Receivable Files to the successor Collateral Custodian set forth in accordance with Section 2.3(a) hereof and Section 2.7 of the Indenture.

Section 2.10 Non-Reliance on Collateral Custodian.

Except for notices, reports and other documents expressly required to be furnished or forwarded by the Collateral Custodian hereunder, the Collateral Custodian shall not have any duty or responsibility to provide the Indenture Trustee or any Noteholder or Certificateholder with any other information concerning the transactions contemplated hereby, the Collateral, the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer or any other parties to this Agreement or to any other Transaction Documents which may come into the possession of the Collateral Custodian or any of its officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives or attorneys-in-fact.

Section 2.11 AML Law.

The parties hereto acknowledge that in accordance with laws, regulations and executive orders of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof as are in effect from time to time applicable to financial institutions relating to the funding of terrorist activities and money laundering, including without limitation the USA Patriot Act (Pub. L. 107-56) and regulations promulgated by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (collectively, “AML Law”), the Collateral Custodian is required to obtain, verify, and record information relating to individuals and entities that establish a business relationship or open an account with the Collateral Custodian. Each party hereby agrees that it shall provide the Collateral Custodian with such identifying information and documentation as the Collateral Custodian may request in writing from time to time in order to enable the Collateral Custodian to comply with all applicable requirements of AML Law.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


ARTICLE III

Mutual Covenants Regarding Confidentiality

Section 3.1 Other Confidential Information. The Collateral Custodian acknowledges and understands that information it receives in connection with the performance of its duties hereunder may be “nonpublic personal information” as that term is defined in Section 6809(4) of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (the “Act”), and the Collateral Custodian hereto agrees to maintain such nonpublic personal information received hereunder in accordance with the Act and other applicable federal and state privacy laws. The Collateral Custodian shall, and shall direct its employees, agents and Affiliates directly involved in the transaction contemplated by this Agreement and its respective Advisors (except (i) to a court of competent jurisdiction pursuant to a subpoena or valid court order or (ii) to its regulators and an authorized governmental agency in connection with any audit or regulatory examination) to (i) not disclose such nonpublic personal information to any third party, that is not a party to this Agreement, including third party service providers, without the prior written consent of the Issuing Entity; (ii) agree not to use nonpublic personal information for any purpose not reasonably contemplated by its role in the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (iii) protect against any unauthorized access to or use of such nonpublic personal information; (iv) in the event of any actual or apparent theft, unauthorized use or disclosure of such nonpublic personal information, immediately commence all reasonable efforts to investigate and correct the causes and remediate the results thereof; and (v) as soon as practicable following its having actual knowledge or receipt of written notice of any event described in clause (iv) hereof, provide notice thereof to the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer and the Indenture Trustee, and such further information and assistance as may be reasonably requested by the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Servicer or the Indenture Trustee in relation thereto.

ARTICLE IV

Miscellaneous

Section 4.1 Amendments and Waivers.

(a) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the parties hereto without the consent of the Noteholders or Certificateholders (i) to cure any ambiguity, (ii) to correct or supplement any provision in this Agreement that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or with any description thereof in the Prospectus, the Class N Notes Confidential Offering Memorandum or the Certificate Private Placement Memorandum, (iii) to add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the Administrator, the Servicer, the Owner Trustee, the Grantor Trust Trustee or the Indenture Trustee, (iv) to add, change or eliminate any other provision of this Agreement in any manner that shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel, materially and adversely affect the interests of the Noteholders or Unaffiliated Certificateholders or (v) if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment and the Depositor or the Servicer notifies the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied with respect to such amendment.

(b) This Agreement may be amended, waived, supplemented or modified by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by the parties hereto with the consent of Requisite Noteholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date and, if any Person other than the Depositor or an Affiliate of the Depositor holds any Certificates, the Majority Certificateholders as of the close of the preceding Distribution Date (which consent, whether given pursuant to this Section 4.1 or pursuant to any other provision of this Agreement, shall be conclusive and binding on such Person and on all future holders of such Notes or Certificates and of any Notes or Certificates issued upon the transfer thereof or in exchange thereof or in lieu thereof whether or

 

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not notation of such consent is made upon any Notes or Certificates) for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement, or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Noteholders or the Certificateholders; provided, however, that no such amendment shall reduce the aforesaid percentage of Noteholders or Certificateholders required to consent to any such amendment, without the consent of the holders of all Notes or Certificates then outstanding, as the case may be. It will not be necessary for the consent of Noteholders or Certificateholders to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or consent, but it will be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. The manner of obtaining such consents (and any other consents of Noteholders and Certificateholders provided for in this Agreement) and of evidencing the authorization of the execution thereof by Noteholders and Certificateholders will be subject to such reasonable requirements as the Indenture Trustee and Owner Trustee may prescribe, including the establishment of record dates pursuant to the Note Depository Agreement. Prior to the execution of any amendment pursuant to this Section 4.1(b), the Administrator shall provide written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each Rating Agency and the Indenture Trustee; and promptly after the execution of any such amendment, the Administrator shall furnish a copy of such amendment to each Rating Agency, the Grantor Trust Trustee, the Owner Trustee and the Indenture Trustee.

(c) Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement, the Collateral Custodian shall be entitled to receive and conclusively rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and an Officer’s Certificate of the Administrator that all conditions precedent to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. The Collateral Custodian may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment which affects the Collateral Custodian’s own rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations under this Agreement or otherwise.

(d) No amendment which adversely affects the rights, privileges, indemnities, duties or obligations of the Owner Trustee or the Grantor Trust Trustee under this Agreement shall be effective without its prior written consent.

(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, an Opinion of Counsel shall be delivered to the effect that such amendment would not cause the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax purposes.

Section 4.2 Notices, Etc.

All demands, notices and communications provided hereunder shall be delivered as specified in Part III of Appendix A to the Receivables Purchase Agreement.

Section 4.3 No Waiver, Rights and Remedies.

No failure on the part of the any Party to exercise, and no delay in exercising, any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right or remedy hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right. The rights and remedies herein provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights and remedies provided by law.

 

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Section 4.4 Binding Effect.

This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Issuing Entity, the Grantor Trust, the Collateral Custodian, the Indenture Trustee, the Secured Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

Section 4.5 Term of this Agreement; Third Party Beneficiary.

This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until the dissolution of the Grantor Trust; provided, however, that the rights and remedies with respect to any breach of any representation or warranty made or deemed made and the indemnification provisions by the Collateral Custodian, the confidentiality provisions of Article III, the provisions of Section 4.10 and any other provision of this Agreement expressly stated to survive, shall be continuing and shall survive any termination or assignment of this Agreement, or the resignation or removal of any party.

Section 4.6 GOVERNING LAW; CONSENT TO JURISDICTION; WAIVER OF OBJECTION TO VENUE.

THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK (WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS (OTHER THAN §§ 5-1401 AND 5-1402 OF THE NEW YORK GENERAL OBLIGATIONS LAW)). EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY AGREES TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, LOCATED IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN AND THE FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION BASED ON FORUM NON CONVENIENS, AND ANY OBJECTION TO VENUE OF ANY ACTION INSTITUTED HEREUNDER IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS AND CONSENTS TO THE GRANTING OF SUCH LEGAL OR EQUITABLE RELIEF AS IS DEEMED APPROPRIATE BY SUCH COURT.

Section 4.7 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.

TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO HAVE A JURY PARTICIPATE IN RESOLVING ANY DISPUTE, WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF, CONNECTED WITH, RELATED TO, OR INCIDENTAL TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANY OF THEM IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. INSTEAD, ANY SUCH DISPUTE RESOLVED IN COURT WILL BE RESOLVED IN A BENCH TRIAL WITHOUT A JURY.

Section 4.8 Limitation on Consequential Damages.

In no event will the Collateral Custodian or any of their officers, directors, employees or agents be liable for any consequential, indirect, punitive or special damages regardless of the form of action and regardless of whether the Collateral Custodian or any of their officers, directors, employees or agents were warned of the possibility thereof in advance.

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Section 4.9 No Insolvency Proceedings.

Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement, no Party hereto shall, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the final payment of the Notes, petition or otherwise invoke the process of any Governmental Authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a Proceeding against the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust under any United States federal or State Insolvency Laws or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust or any substantial part of its property or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust.

Section 4.10 Recourse Against Certain Parties.

(a) No recourse under or with respect to any obligation, covenant or agreement (including the payment of any fees or any other obligations) of the Indenture Trustee as contained in this Agreement or any other agreement, instrument or document entered into by it pursuant hereto or in connection herewith shall be had against any manager or administrator of such Person or any incorporator, affiliate, stockholder, officer, employee or director of such Person or of any such manager or administrator, as such, by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding, by virtue of any statute or otherwise; it being expressly agreed and understood that the agreements of the Indenture Trustee contained in this Agreement and all of the other agreements, instruments and documents entered into by it pursuant hereto or in connection herewith are, in each case, solely the corporate obligations of such Person, and that no personal liability whatsoever shall attach to or be incurred by any administrator of any such Person or any incorporator, stockholder, affiliate, officer, employee or director of such Person or of any such administrator, as such, or any other of them, under or by reason of any of the obligations, covenants or agreements of such Person contained in this Agreement or in any other such instruments, documents or agreements, or that are implied therefrom, and that any and all personal liability of every such administrator of such Person and each incorporator, stockholder, affiliate, officer, employee or director of such Person or of any such administrator, or any of them, for breaches by such Person of any such obligations, covenants or agreements, which liability may arise either at common law or at equity, by statute or constitution, or otherwise, is hereby expressly waived as a condition of and in consideration for the execution of this Agreement.

(b) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, all amounts owed by the Issuing Entity or the Grantor Trust on, under or in respect of its obligations and liabilities under this Agreement shall be recoverable only from and to the extent of the Collateral and upon final realization of collections thereon and in accordance with Section 2.7 of the Indenture, the Issuing Entity and the Grantor Trust shall have no further liability and all claims in respect of amounts owed but still unpaid shall be extinguished.

Section 4.11 Execution in Counterparts; Severability; Integration.

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be deemed to be an original

 

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CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


and all of which when taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. In case any provision in or obligation under this Agreement shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions or obligations, or of such provision or obligation in any other jurisdiction, shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. This Agreement contains the final and complete integration of all prior expressions by the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and shall constitute the entire agreement among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, superseding all prior oral or written understandings other than any fee letter contemplated hereby. This Agreement shall be valid, binding, and enforceable against a party when executed and delivered by an authorized individual on behalf of the party by means of (i) an original manual signature; (ii) a faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or (iii) any other electronic signature permitted by the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, state enactments of the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, and/or any other relevant electronic signatures law, including any relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (collectively, “Signature Law”), in each case to the extent applicable. Each faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, shall for all purposes have the same validity, legal effect, and admissibility in evidence as an original manual signature. Each party hereto shall be entitled to conclusively rely upon, and shall have no liability with respect to, any faxed, scanned, or photocopied manual signature, or other electronic signature, of any other party and shall have no duty to investigate, confirm or otherwise verify the validity or authenticity thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, original manual signatures shall be used for execution or indorsement of writings when required under the UCC or other Signature Law due to the character or intended character of the writings.

Section 4.12 Concerning the Owner Trustee and the Grantor Trust Trustee.

It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that (a) this Agreement is executed and delivered by BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware (“BNY Delaware”), not individually or personally but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity and Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust, in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, (b) each of the representations, undertakings and agreements herein made on the part of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, is made and intended not as personal representations, undertakings and agreements by BNY Delaware but is made and intended for the purpose of binding only the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, (c) nothing herein contained shall be construed as creating any liability on BNY Delaware, individually or personally, to perform any covenant either expressed or implied contained herein of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, all such liability, if any, being expressly waived by the parties hereto and by any Person claiming by, through or under the parties hereto, (d) BNY Delaware has made no investigation as to the accuracy or completeness of any representations and warranties made by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, in this Agreement and (e) under no circumstances shall BNY Delaware be personally liable for the payment of any indebtedness or expenses of the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable, or be liable for the breach or failure of any obligation, representation, warranty or covenant made or undertaken by the Issuing Entity or Grantor Trust, as applicable under this Agreement.

 

  23   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Section 4.13 Information to be Provided by the Collateral Custodian.

(a) The Collateral Custodian agrees to reasonably cooperate in good faith with any reasonable request by the Depositor for information regarding the Collateral Custodian which is required in order to enable the Depositor to comply with the provisions of Items 1117 and 1119 of Regulation AB and Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act as it relates to the Collateral Custodian or to the Collateral Custodian’s obligations under this Agreement.

(b) Except to the extent disclosed by the Collateral Custodian in subsection (c) below, the Collateral Custodian shall (i) on or before the fifth Business Day of each month, notify the Depositor, in writing, of any Form 10-D Disclosure Item of which a Responsible Officer of the Collateral Custodian has actual knowledge together with a description of any such Form 10-D Disclosure Item in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Depositor; provided, however, that the Collateral Custodian shall not be required to provide such information in the event that there has been no change to the information previously provided by the Collateral Custodian to Depositor, and (ii) as promptly as practicable following notice to or actual knowledge by a Responsible Officer of the Collateral Custodian of any changes to such information, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

(c) The Collateral Custodian shall, as promptly as practicable following written notice to, or actual knowledge of, a Responsible Officer of the Collateral Custodian of any changes to any information regarding the Collateral Custodian as is required for the purpose of compliance with Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide to the Depositor, in writing, such updated information.

(d) The Collateral Custodian shall notify the Depositor in writing on or before March 15 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 15, 2023, of any Form 10-D Disclosure Item of which a Responsible Officer of the Collateral Custodian has actual knowledge together with a description of any such Form 10-D Disclosure Item in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Depositor; provided, however, that the Collateral Custodian shall not be required to provide such information in the event that there has been no change to the information previously provided by the Collateral Custodian to Depositor.

(e) The Collateral Custodian shall notify the Depositor in writing on or before March 15 (or, if such date is not a Business Day, the next succeeding Business Day) of each year, beginning with March 15, 2023, of any affiliation between the Collateral Custodian and any of the following parties to this securitization transaction, as such parties are identified to the Collateral Custodian by the Depositor in writing in advance of this securitization transaction:

 

  (i)

the Depositor;

 

  (ii)

Carvana, LLC, as sponsor;

 

  (iii)

the Issuing Entity;

 

  (iv)

the Grantor Trust;

 

  (v)

the Servicer;

 

  24   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


(vi) the Backup Servicer;

(vii) the Indenture Trustee;

(viii) the Owner Trustee;

(ix) the Grantor Trust Trustee;

(x) the Asset Representations Reviewer; and

(xi) any other material transaction party.

(f) In connection with the parties listed in clauses (i) through (xi) above, the Collateral Custodian shall include a description of whether there is, and if so, the general character of, any business relationship, agreement, arrangement, transaction or understanding that is entered into outside the ordinary course of business or is on terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated third party, apart from this securitization transaction, that currently exists or that existed during the past two years and that is material to an investor’s understanding of the asset backed securities issued in this securitization transaction.

(g) The Collateral Custodian shall provide the Depositor with notification, as soon as practicable and in any event within five (5) Business Days, of all demands delivered in writing to a Responsible Officer of the Collateral Custodian for the repurchase or replacement of any Receivable pursuant to any Transaction Document. Subject to this Section 4.13, the Collateral Custodian shall have no obligation to take any other action with respect to any demand. In no event shall the Collateral Custodian have (i) any responsibility or liability in connection with any filing to be made by a securitizer under the Exchange Act or Regulation AB or (ii) any duty or obligation to undertake any investigation or inquiry related to repurchase activity or otherwise to assume any additional duties or responsibilities except as expressly set forth in this Section 4.13.

[signatures appear on the following pages]

 

  25   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the date first above written.

 

 

 

CARVANA, LLC,

as the Administrator

By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,
as the Issuing Entity
By:   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,
as the Grantor Trust
By:   BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE,
not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC,
as the Servicer
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature page to Collateral Custodian Agreement]


COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as the Indenture Trustee
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as the Collateral Custodian
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature page to Collateral Custodian Agreement]


Acknowledged, Accepted and Agreed To By:
BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Owner Trustee of the Issuing Entity
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
Acknowledged, Accepted and Agreed To By:
BNY MELLON TRUST OF DELAWARE, not in its individual capacity but solely as Grantor Trust Trustee of the Grantor Trust
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[Signature page to Collateral Custodian Agreement]


SCHEDULE A

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

[To be attached].

 

  Sch. A -1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


EXHIBIT A

FORM OF RELEASE OF DOCUMENTS

__________ __. 20__

Computershare Trust Company, National Association,

as Collateral Custodian

1055 10th Ave, SE

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55415

Attention: Vault Manager

[email protected]

Re: Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 – Collateral Custodian Agreement

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Reference is made to the Collateral Custodian Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Collateral Custodian Agreement”), among Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, as the issuing entity (the “Issuing Entity”), Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, as the grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”), Carvana, LLC, Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (in such capacity, the “Indenture Trustee”), Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as collateral custodian (in such capacity, the “Collateral Custodian”), and Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, as servicer (the “Servicer”).

The undersigned, in its capacity as [Servicer] [Issuing Entity] [Grantor Trust] [Administrator], hereby requests (check one):

1.                  that the Collateral Custodian release to the Servicer the Receivable Files or other documents set forth on Schedule A to this Release of Documents. All documents so released to the Servicer shall be held by the Servicer in trust for the benefit of the Indenture Trustee in accordance with the terms of the Collateral Custodian Agreement and the Servicer agrees to return to the Collateral Custodian the Receivable File or such other documents when the Servicer’s need therefor no longer exists.

2.                  that the Collateral Custodian permanently release to the Servicer the Receivable Files or other documents set forth on Schedule B to this Release of Documents and the Servicer certifies with respect to such Receivable Files that the related Receivables have been liquidated, prepaid or repaid in accordance with the Transaction Documents.

The undersigned hereby certifies that all conditions precedent set forth in Section 2.2 of the Collateral Custodian Agreement have been satisfied in respect of the above requested release.

Capitalized terms used herein that are not otherwise defined shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Collateral Custodian Agreement.

 

  Exh. A- 1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


The undersigned has executed this Release of Documents as of the date first written above.

 

[BRIDGECREST CREDIT COMPANY, LLC,

as Servicer]

[CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2022-P2,

as Issuing Entity]

[CARVANA AUTO RECEIVABLES GRANTOR TRUST 2022-P2,

as Grantor Trust]

 

[CARVANA, LLC,

as Administrator]

By:  

 

Name:  

 

Title:  

 

 

  Exh. A- 2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Schedule A

To Release of Documents

 

  Exh. A- 3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Schedule B

To Release of Documents

 

  Exh. A- 4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


EXHIBIT B

FORM OF DOCUMENT RECEIPT

__________ __. 20__

Computershare Trust Company, National Association,

as Indenture Trustee

MAC N9300-070

600 S. 4th Street

Minneapolis, MN 55415

Attn: Corporate Trust Services – Asset-Backed Administration

Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC,

as Servicer

7300 E Hampton Avenue

Mesa, Arizona, 85209

Attention: Secretary

Carvana, LLC,

as Administrator

1930 W. Rio Salado Parkway

Tempe, Arizona 85281

Attention: ABS-Transactions

Email: [email protected]

 

  Re:

Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 – Collateral Custodian Agreement

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Reference is made to the Collateral Custodian Agreement, dated as of May 25, 2022 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Collateral Custodian Agreement”), among Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2, as the issuing entity (the “Issuing Entity”), Carvana Auto Receivables Grantor Trust 2022-P2, as the grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”), Carvana, LLC, Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as indenture trustee (in such capacity, the “Indenture Trustee”), Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as collateral custodian (in such capacity, the “Collateral Custodian”), and Bridgecrest Credit Company, LLC, as servicer (the “Servicer”).

The undersigned, on behalf of Computershare Trust Company, National Association, in its capacity as Collateral Custodian under the Collateral Custodian Agreement, hereby acknowledges (i) Delivery of each item listed in the definition of “Receivable File” with respect to the Contracts set forth on Schedule 1 hereto, evidencing the related Receivables and (ii) that each item listed in the definition of “Receivable File” with respect to the Contracts set forth on Schedule 2 hereto has not been Delivered to the Collateral Custodian or is mutilated or damaged. Receivable File means, with respect to each receivable, (i) the original contract and (ii) the certificate of title or evidence that such certificate of title has been applied for.

 

  Exh. B - 1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Computershare Trust Company, National Association, as Collateral Custodian, makes no representations as to (i) the validity, legality, enforceability, sufficiency, due authorization or genuineness of any of the Receivable Files, or (ii) the collectibility, insurability, effectiveness or suitability of any such Receivable Files.

Capitalized terms used herein that are not otherwise defined shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Collateral Custodian Agreement.

 

COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
as Collateral Custodian
By:  

                     

Name:  

 

Title:  

 

 

  Exh. B - 2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Schedule 1

To Document Receipt

 

  Exh. B - 3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Schedule 2

To Document Receipt

 

  Exh. B - 4   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


EXHIBIT C

COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN FEE SCHEDULE

[To be attached].

 

  Exh. C - 1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


EXHIBIT D

SERVICING CRITERIA TO BE ADDRESSED IN

COLLATERAL CUSTODIAN’S ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE

The assessment of compliance to be delivered by the Collateral Custodian shall address, at a minimum, the criteria identified as below as “Applicable Servicing Criteria”:

 

Reference

  

Criteria

  

CTC (CC)

   General Servicing Considerations   
1122(d)(1)(i)    Policies and procedures are instituted to monitor any performance or other triggers and events of default in accordance with the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(1)(ii)    If any material servicing activities are outsourced to third parties, policies and procedures are instituted to monitor the third party’s performance and compliance with such servicing activities.   
1122(d)(1)(iii)    Any requirements in the transaction agreements to maintain a back-up servicer for the pool assets are maintained.   
1122(d)(1)(iv)    A fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy is in effect on the party participating in the servicing function throughout the reporting period in the amount of coverage required by and otherwise in accordance with the terms of the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(1)(v)    Aggregation of information, as applicable, is mathematically accurate and the information conveyed accurately reflects the information.   
   Cash Collection and Administration   
1122(d)(2)(i)    Payments on pool assets are deposited into the appropriate custodial bank accounts and related bank clearing accounts no more than two business days of receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(ii)    Disbursements made via wire transfer on behalf of an obligor or to an investor are made only by authorized personnel.   
1122(d)(2)(iii)    Advances of funds or guarantees regarding collections, cash flows or distributions, and any interest or other fees charged for such advances, are made, reviewed and approved as specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(iv)    The related accounts for the transaction, such as cash reserve accounts or accounts established as a form of overcollateralization, are separately maintained (e.g., with respect to commingling of cash) as set forth in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(2)(v)    Each custodial account is maintained at a federally insured depository institution as set forth in the transaction agreements. For purposes of this criterion, “federally insured depository institution” with respect to a foreign financial institution means a foreign financial institution that meets the requirements of Rule 13k-1(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act.   
1122(d)(2)(vi)    Unissued checks are safeguarded so as to prevent unauthorized access.   
1122(d)(2)(vii)    Reconciliations are prepared on a monthly basis for all asset-backed securities related bank accounts, including custodial accounts and related bank clearing accounts. These reconciliations: (A) are mathematically accurate; (B) are prepared within 30 calendar days after the bank statement cutoff date, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements; (C) are reviewed and approved by someone other than the person who prepared the reconciliation; and (D) contain explanations for reconciling items. These reconciling items are resolved within 90 calendar days of their original identification, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
   Investor Remittances and Reporting   

 

  Exh. D - 1   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Reference

  

Criteria

  

CTC (CC)

1122(d)(3)(i)    Reports to investors, including those to be filed with the Commission, are maintained in accordance with the transaction agreements and applicable Commission requirements. Specifically, such reports (A) are prepared in accordance with timeframes and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements; (B) provide information calculated in accordance with the terms specified in the transaction agreements; (C) are filed with the Commission as required by its rules and regulations; and (D) agree with investors’ or the trustee’s records as to the total unpaid principal balance and number of pool assets serviced by the servicer.   
1122(d)(3)(ii)    Amounts due to investors are allocated and remitted in accordance with timeframes, distribution priority and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(3)(iii)    Disbursements made to an investor are posted within two business days to the servicer’s investor records, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(3)(iv)    Amounts remitted to investors per the investor reports agree with cancelled checks, or other form of payment, or custodial bank statements.   
   Pool Asset Administration   
1122(d)(4)(i)    Collateral or security on pool assets is maintained as required by the transaction agreements or related pool asset documents.    X
1122(d)(4)(ii)    Pool assets and related documents are safeguarded as required by the transaction agreements.    X
1122(d)(4)(iii)    Any additions, removals or substitutions to the asset pool are made, reviewed and approved in accordance with any conditions or requirements in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(iv)    Payments on pool assets, including any payoffs, made in accordance with the related pool asset documents are posted to the applicable servicer’s obligor records maintained no more than two business days after receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements, and allocated to principal, interest or other items (e.g., escrow) in accordance with the related pool asset documents.   
1122(d)(4)(v)    The servicer’s records regarding the pool assets agree with the servicer’s records with respect to an obligor’s unpaid principal balance.   
1122(d)(4)(vi)    Changes with respect to the terms or status of an obligor’s pool asset (e.g., loan modifications or re-agings) are made, reviewed and approved by authorized personnel in accordance with the transaction agreements and related pool asset documents.   
1122(d)(4)(vii)    Loss mitigation or recovery actions (e.g., forbearance plans, modifications and deeds in lieu of foreclosure, foreclosures and repossessions, as applicable) are initiated, conducted and concluded in accordance with the timeframes or other requirements established by the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(viii)    Records documenting collection efforts are maintained during the period a pool asset is delinquent in accordance with the transaction agreements. Such records are maintained on at least a monthly basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements, and describe the entity’s activities in monitoring delinquent pool assets including, for example, phone calls, letters and payment rescheduling plans in cases where delinquency is deemed temporary (e.g., illness or unemployment).   
1122(d)(4)(ix)    Adjustments to interest rates or rates of return for pool assets with variable rates are computed based on the related receivables documents.   

 

  Exh. D - 2   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement


Reference

  

Criteria

  

CTC (CC)

1122(d)(4)(x)    Regarding any funds held in trust for an obligor (such as escrow accounts): (A) such funds are analyzed, in accordance with the obligor’s pool assets documents, on at least an annual basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements; (B) interest on such funds is paid, or credited, to obligors in accordance with applicable pool asset documents and state laws; and (C) such funds are returned to the obligor within 30 calendar days of full repayment of the related pool asset, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xi)    Payments made on behalf of an obligor (such as tax or insurance payments) are made on or before the related penalty or expiration dates, as indicated on the appropriate bills or notices for such payments, provided that such support has been received by the servicer at least 30 calendar days prior to these dates, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xii)    Any late payment penalties in connection with any payment to be made on behalf of an obligor are paid from the servicer’s funds and not charged to the obligor, unless the late payment was due to the obligor’s error or omission.   
1122(d)(4)(xiii)    Disbursements made on behalf of an obligor are posted within two business days to the obligor’s records maintained by the servicer, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xiv)    Delinquencies, charge-offs and uncollectible accounts are recognized and recorded in accordance with the transaction agreements.   
1122(d)(4)(xv)    Any external enhancement or other support, identified in Item 1114(a)(1) through (3) or Item 1115 of Regulation AB, is maintained as set forth in the transaction agreements.   

 

  Exh. D - 3   

CRVNA 2022-P2 Collateral Custodian Agreement

EXHIBIT 36.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Mike McKeever, certify as of May 19, 2022 that:

 

  1.

I have reviewed the prospectus relating to the Class A-1 Notes, Class A-2 Notes, Class A-3 Notes, Class A-4 Notes, Class B Notes, Class C Notes and Class D Notes of Carvana Auto Receivables Trust 2022-P2 (the “securities”) and am familiar with, in all material respects, the following: The characteristics of the securitized assets underlying the offering (the “securitized assets”), the structure of the securitization, and all material underlying transaction agreements as described in the prospectus;

 

  2.

Based on my knowledge, the prospectus does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading;

 

  3.

Based on my knowledge, the prospectus and other information included in the registration statement of which it is a part fairly present, in all material respects, the characteristics of the securitized assets, the structure of the securitization and the risks of ownership of the securities, including the risks relating to the securitized assets that would affect the cash flows available to service payments or distributions on the securities in accordance with their terms; and

 

  4.

Based on my knowledge, taking into account all material aspects of the characteristics of the securitized assets, the structure of the securitization, and the related risks as described in the prospectus, there is a reasonable basis to conclude that the securitization is structured to produce, but is not guaranteed by this certification to produce, expected cash flows at times and in amounts to service scheduled payments of interest and the ultimate repayment of principal on the securities (or other scheduled or required distributions on the securities, however denominated) in accordance with their terms as described in the prospectus.

 

  5.

The foregoing certifications are given subject to any and all defenses available to me under the federal securities laws, including any and all defenses available to an executive officer that signed the registration statement of which the prospectus referred to in this certification is part.

Date: May 19, 2022

 

By:  

/s/ Mike McKeever

Mike McKeever

Title: President and Chief Executive Officer of

Carvana Receivables Depositor LLC



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