Phase 3 SWOG Cancer Research Network trial, led by a City of Hope researcher, demonstrates one-year progression-free survival in 94% of patients with Stage 3 or 4 classic Hodgkin lymphoma who received
Nivolumab added to AVD chemotherapy expected to become new standard for initial treatment for advanced stage disease in adolescents and adults, based on trial data to be presented at 2023 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting Plenary Session
Ninety-four percent of adolescent and adult patients in the N-AVD group had progression-free survival compared with 86% in the BV-AVD arm. N-AVD was also well-tolerated as there were few serious immune-related side effects in the S1826 trial. The median follow-up was 12.1 months.
These late-breaking findings will be presented by City of Hope's
Lead investigator on the study, Herrera is chief of the Division of Lymphoma at City of Hope, one of the largest cancer research and treatment organizations in
"The results are remarkable. The combination of nivolumab and chemotherapy is potent and safe in patients with Stage 3 or 4 classic Hodgkin lymphoma as an initial treatment," said Herrera, "The therapy is poised to be a standard for treatment of advanced Hodgkin lymphoma. This is indeed great news for patients with this cancer as there is another effective and safe treatment option for them."
"I panicked when I heard the word cancer," Garabet said. At the same time, he was relieved to know what was causing his symptoms.
Garabet met Herrera and instantly felt he was in good hands. "He explained everything so well," he added. Garabet enrolled in the trial. After his first infusion, he felt exhausted but that was the worst he felt during treatment. After only four infusions, he was in remission. He was advised to continue the treatment in case any cancer lingered, and he did. "Now when people tell me they have cancer, I tell them not to panic. There are a lot of cures now," he added.
The S1826 trial, supported by the NCI and led by SWOG, is the largest classic Hodgkin lymphoma study ever conducted in the NCI's National Clinical Trials Network and is also representative of a diverse patient population. About a quarter of the enrolled patients were Black or Hispanic. A partnership with the Children's Oncology Group (COG) helped ensure the trial included young adolescents, and a quarter of enrolled patients were younger than 18 years old. Nearly two-thirds of all patients had Stage 4 cancer.
"This study speaks to the power of the National Clinical Trials Network and is an excellent example of the transformative work that the NCI funds," said
Patients with Stage 3 or 4 classic Hodgkin lymphoma who had not been previously treated and were age 12 or older were eligible for the trial. Of a total of 976 eligible patients, 489 were enrolled in the N-AVD arm (nivolumab plus Adriamycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine), while 487 were part of the BV-AVD group. Each group received six infusion cycles of each combination therapy.
As expected with combination chemotherapy, the most common side effects included gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicities, and fatigue. However, less than 1% of patients needed radiation after trial treatment, which is a dramatic reduction in the proportion of patients being initially treated for Hodgkin lymphoma who need radiation, especially among pediatric patients.
"The ability to maintain high rates of relapse-free survival with minimal use of radiation therapy in children with newly diagnosed advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma will be a paradigm shift," said
Brentuximab vedotin was the first antibody-drug conjugate developed for classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Several studies have demonstrated that incorporating the therapy into frontline treatment improves progression-free survival and overall survival. Despite improved outcomes, there are still serious side effects; relapses can occur.
"There is definitely a need to improve frontline therapies for Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly because a disproportionate number of patients with this disease are teens and young adults," Herrera added.
PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors are a powerful and growing form of immunotherapy used to treat melanoma, kidney cancer, head and neck cancers, relapsed or difficult to treat Hodgkin lymphoma and other cancers. The PD-L1 protein is expressed on Hodgkin lymphoma tumor cells and aids the cancer by signaling to immune cells, such as T cells, to stop working against tumors.
Checkpoint inhibitors block the PD-L1 protein to help the immune system and, specifically, T cells, do what they're designed to do, eradicate cancer. In this study, adding nivolumab to chemotherapy worked so well that some patients experienced remission after only a few treatments.
Next steps for the trial include following patients to measure the durability of progression-free survival, overall survival and other patient outcomes.
Funding was provided by: National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health U10CA180888, U10CA180819, U10CA180820, U10CA180821, U10CA180863, U10CA180886 and Bristol-Myers Squibb through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between the NCI and BMS. Brentuximab vedotin was provided by Seagen.
In addition to Herrera and Friedberg, co-authors on the presentation include
About SWOG
SWOG Cancer Research Network is part of the National Cancer Institute's National Clinical Trials Network and the NCI Community Oncology Research Program and is part of the oldest and largest publicly funded cancer research network in the nation. SWOG has more than 18,000 members in 45 states and nine foreign countries who design and conduct clinical trials to improve the lives of people with cancer. SWOG trials have led to the approval of 14 cancer drugs, changed more than 100 standards of cancer care, and saved more than 3 million years of human life. Learn more at swog.org, and follow us on Twitter at @SWOG.
About City of Hope
City of Hope's mission is to deliver the cures of tomorrow to the people who need them today. Founded in 1913, City of Hope has grown into one of the largest cancer research and treatment organizations in the
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SOURCE City Of Hope
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